novac 2.0.1 → 2.2.0

package/novac/kits/kitgps/kitdef.js

@@ -0,0 +1,1862 @@
+/**
+ * KitGPS - A Complete GPS & Geolocation Library
+ * Version: 1.0.0
+ * License: MIT
+ *
+ * Features:
+ *  1.  IP → Coordinates (ip2coords)
+ *  2.  Coordinates → KitGPSFormat
+ *  3.  KitGPSFormat → many built-in string formats + custom formats
+ *  4.  kitgps.countries – rich metadata (borders, states, cities, capital, languages…)
+ *  5.  Device geolocation (browser + Node.js approximation)
+ *  6.  Reverse geocoding (coords → place names)
+ *  7.  Forward geocoding (address string → coords)
+ *  8.  Distance calculation (Haversine, Vincenty)
+ *  9.  Bearing / heading between two points
+ * 10.  Midpoint of two coordinates
+ * 11.  Bounding box generation
+ * 12.  Point-in-polygon check (ray casting)
+ * 13.  Compass rose direction string
+ * 14.  Speed calculation from two GPS fixes
+ * 15.  Elevation lookup (Open-Elevation API)
+ * 16.  Timezone from coordinates (approximate LUT + API fallback)
+ * 17.  Sun rise / set times for a coordinate + date
+ * 18.  Moon phase for a given date
+ * 19.  Coordinate validation & normalization
+ * 20.  DMS ↔ Decimal conversion
+ * 21.  MGRS ↔ Decimal conversion (full encode/decode)
+ * 22.  UTM ↔ Decimal conversion
+ * 23.  Geohash encode / decode / neighbors
+ * 24.  What3Words-style encode (deterministic word triplet, offline)
+ * 25.  GeoJSON export (Point, LineString, Polygon, FeatureCollection)
+ * 26.  KML export
+ * 27.  GPX export
+ * 28.  Route / waypoint list builder
+ * 29.  Nearest-country lookup from coordinates
+ * 30.  Continent lookup from coordinates / country code
+ * 31.  Country → currency, phone-code, TLD, languages, flag emoji
+ * 32.  Cities list per country, searchable
+ * 33.  Postal-code → approximate coordinates (US ZIP LUT sample)
+ * 34.  Coordinate grid generator (lat/lon lines)
+ * 35.  Random coordinate generator (global or bounded)
+ * 36.  Interpolate path between two coords (N steps)
+ * 37.  Simplify path (Ramer-Douglas-Peucker)
+ * 38.  Total path length
+ * 39.  Area of a polygon (spherical excess)
+ * 40.  Coordinate cluster centroid
+ * 41.  Nearby places filter (within radius)
+ * 42.  Cardinal / ordinal direction from bearing
+ * 43.  Magnetic declination approximation (IGRF simplified)
+ * 44.  Great-circle waypoints between two coords
+ */
+
+'use strict';
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// 0.  Internal helpers
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+const R_EARTH_KM = 6371.0088;   // mean earth radius km
+const R_EARTH_M  = 6371008.8;   // mean earth radius metres
+
+const _toRad = d => d * Math.PI / 180;
+const _toDeg = r => r * 180 / Math.PI;
+const _clamp = (v, lo, hi) => Math.max(lo, Math.min(hi, v));
+const _mod   = (x, n) => ((x % n) + n) % n;
+
+function _haversine(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2) {
+  const φ1 = _toRad(lat1), φ2 = _toRad(lat2);
+  const Δφ = _toRad(lat2 - lat1), Δλ = _toRad(lon2 - lon1);
+  const a = Math.sin(Δφ/2)**2 + Math.cos(φ1)*Math.cos(φ2)*Math.sin(Δλ/2)**2;
+  return 2 * Math.atan2(Math.sqrt(a), Math.sqrt(1-a)) * R_EARTH_KM;
+}
+
+function _vincentyDist(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2) {
+  // WGS-84 ellipsoid
+  const a = 6378137, b = 6356752.314245, f = 1/298.257223563;
+  const L  = _toRad(lon2 - lon1);
+  const U1 = Math.atan((1-f)*Math.tan(_toRad(lat1)));
+  const U2 = Math.atan((1-f)*Math.tan(_toRad(lat2)));
+  const sinU1 = Math.sin(U1), cosU1 = Math.cos(U1);
+  const sinU2 = Math.sin(U2), cosU2 = Math.cos(U2);
+  let λ = L, λp, iter = 100, sinλ, cosλ, sinσ, cosσ, σ, sinα, cos2α, cos2σm, C;
+  do {
+    sinλ = Math.sin(λ); cosλ = Math.cos(λ);
+    sinσ = Math.sqrt((cosU2*sinλ)**2 + (cosU1*sinU2-sinU1*cosU2*cosλ)**2);
+    if (sinσ === 0) return 0;
+    cosσ = sinU1*sinU2 + cosU1*cosU2*cosλ;
+    σ = Math.atan2(sinσ, cosσ);
+    sinα = cosU1*cosU2*sinλ / sinσ;
+    cos2α = 1 - sinα**2;
+    cos2σm = cos2α ? cosσ - 2*sinU1*sinU2/cos2α : 0;
+    C = f/16*cos2α*(4+f*(4-3*cos2α));
+    λp = λ;
+    λ = L + (1-C)*f*sinα*(σ+C*sinσ*(cos2σm+C*cosσ*(-1+2*cos2σm**2)));
+  } while (Math.abs(λ-λp) > 1e-12 && --iter > 0);
+  const u2 = cos2α*(a**2-b**2)/b**2;
+  const A_ = 1+u2/16384*(4096+u2*(-768+u2*(320-175*u2)));
+  const B_ = u2/1024*(256+u2*(-128+u2*(74-47*u2)));
+  const Δσ = B_*sinσ*(cos2σm+B_/4*(cosσ*(-1+2*cos2σm**2)-B_/6*cos2σm*(-3+4*sinσ**2)*(-3+4*cos2σm**2)));
+  return b*A_*(σ-Δσ) / 1000; // km
+}
+
+function _fetch(url) {
+  if (typeof fetch !== 'undefined') return fetch(url).then(r => r.json());
+  try {
+    const https = require('https');
+    const http  = require('http');
+    const mod   = url.startsWith('https') ? https : http;
+    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+      mod.get(url, res => {
+        let d = '';
+        res.on('data', c => d += c);
+        res.on('end', () => { try { resolve(JSON.parse(d)); } catch(e) { reject(e); } });
+      }).on('error', reject);
+    });
+  } catch(e) {
+    return Promise.reject(new Error('No fetch/https available'));
+  }
+}
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// 1.  KitGPSFormat  – the core coordinate object
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+class KitGPSFormat {
+  /**
+   * @param {number} lat  decimal degrees  (-90 … 90)
+   * @param {number} lon  decimal degrees  (-180 … 180)
+   * @param {object} [meta]  reverse-geocoding metadata attached later
+   */
+  constructor(lat, lon, meta = {}) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(lat) || !Number.isFinite(lon))
+      throw new TypeError('KitGPSFormat: lat and lon must be finite numbers');
+    this.lat  = _clamp(lat, -90, 90);
+    this.lon  = _clamp(lon, -180, 180);
+    this.meta = meta; // { city, state, country, countryCode, continent, zip, … }
+  }
+
+  // ── Built-in string formats ──────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+  /** "City, Country" */
+  toCityCountry()    { return this._fmt('CityCountry'); }
+  /** "Country" */
+  toCountry()        { return this._fmt('Country'); }
+  /** "City" */
+  toCity()           { return this._fmt('City'); }
+  /** "Continent" */
+  toContinent()      { return this._fmt('Continent'); }
+  /** "State / Region" */
+  toState()          { return this._fmt('State'); }
+  /** "City, State, Country" */
+  toCityStateCountry() { return this._fmt('CityStateCountry'); }
+  /** "lat, lon"  (plain decimal) */
+  toDecimal()        { return this._fmt('Decimal'); }
+  /** "lat° lon°" */
+  toDecimalDeg()     { return this._fmt('DecimalDeg'); }
+  /** DMS string  "40°26′46″N 079°58′56″W" */
+  toDMS()            { return this._fmt('DMS'); }
+  /** DDM string  "40°26.767′N 079°58.933′W" */
+  toDDM()            { return this._fmt('DDM'); }
+  /** Geohash (precision 9) */
+  toGeohash(p=9)     { return kitgps.geohash.encode(this.lat, this.lon, p); }
+  /** UTM string */
+  toUTM()            { return kitgps.utm.fromLatLon(this.lat, this.lon).toString(); }
+  /** MGRS string */
+  toMGRS()           { return kitgps.mgrs.fromLatLon(this.lat, this.lon); }
+  /** GeoJSON Point object */
+  toGeoJSON()        { return { type:'Point', coordinates:[this.lon, this.lat] }; }
+  /** "lat,lon" compact */
+  toCompact()        { return `${this.lat},${this.lon}`; }
+  /** ISO 6709 "+40.4446-079.9822/" */
+  toISO6709()        {
+    const la = (this.lat >= 0 ? '+' : '') + this.lat.toFixed(4);
+    const lo = (this.lon >= 0 ? '+' : '') + this.lon.toFixed(4);
+    return `${la}${lo}/`;
+  }
+  /** Plus-code / Open Location Code (full) */
+  toPlusCode()       { return kitgps.plusCode.encode(this.lat, this.lon); }
+  /** "Country (Continent)" */
+  toCountryContinent(){ return this._fmt('CountryContinent'); }
+  /** Full human address */
+  toAddress()        { return this._fmt('Address'); }
+  /** Flag emoji + country name */
+  toFlagCountry()    {
+    const cc = (this.meta.countryCode || '').toUpperCase();
+    const flag = cc ? kitgps.countryFlag(cc) : '🌍';
+    return `${flag} ${this.meta.country || 'Unknown'}`;
+  }
+  /** Coordinate pair object {lat, lon} */
+  toObject()         { return { lat: this.lat, lon: this.lon }; }
+  /** Array [lat, lon] */
+  toArray()          { return [this.lat, this.lon]; }
+  /** Reversed array for Leaflet/GeoJSON [lon, lat] */
+  toArrayLonLat()    { return [this.lon, this.lat]; }
+
+  /**
+   * Custom format – supply a template string with placeholders:
+   *   {lat} {lon} {city} {state} {country} {countryCode} {continent}
+   *   {zip} {dms} {geohash} {flag}
+   * @param {string|Function} tpl  – string template or function(meta, fmt) => string
+   */
+  format(tpl) {
+    if (typeof tpl === 'function') return tpl(this.meta, this);
+    const m = this.meta;
+    const cc = (m.countryCode || '').toUpperCase();
+    return tpl
+      .replace(/\{lat\}/g,         this.lat.toFixed(6))
+      .replace(/\{lon\}/g,         this.lon.toFixed(6))
+      .replace(/\{city\}/g,        m.city        || '')
+      .replace(/\{state\}/g,       m.state       || '')
+      .replace(/\{country\}/g,     m.country     || '')
+      .replace(/\{countryCode\}/g, cc)
+      .replace(/\{continent\}/g,   m.continent   || '')
+      .replace(/\{zip\}/g,         m.zip         || '')
+      .replace(/\{flag\}/g,        kitgps.countryFlag(cc))
+      .replace(/\{dms\}/g,         this.toDMS())
+      .replace(/\{geohash\}/g,     this.toGeohash())
+      .replace(/\{pluscode\}/g,    this.toPlusCode());
+  }
+
+  // ── Internal dispatcher ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  _fmt(type) {
+    const m = this.meta;
+    const city    = m.city    || '';
+    const state   = m.state   || '';
+    const country = m.country || '';
+    const cont    = m.continent || kitgps.continentFromCode(m.countryCode) || '';
+    switch(type) {
+      case 'CityCountry':      return [city, country].filter(Boolean).join(', ') || this.toDecimal();
+      case 'Country':          return country || 'Unknown';
+      case 'City':             return city    || 'Unknown';
+      case 'Continent':        return cont    || 'Unknown';
+      case 'State':            return state   || 'Unknown';
+      case 'CityStateCountry': return [city, state, country].filter(Boolean).join(', ') || this.toDecimal();
+      case 'CountryContinent': return [country, cont].filter(Boolean).join(' (').replace(/(.+)/, '$1)') || this.toDecimal();
+      case 'Address':          return [city, state, country, cont].filter(Boolean).join(', ');
+      case 'Decimal':          return `${this.lat.toFixed(6)}, ${this.lon.toFixed(6)}`;
+      case 'DecimalDeg':       return `${this.lat.toFixed(4)}° ${this.lon.toFixed(4)}°`;
+      case 'DMS':              return _decimalToDMS(this.lat, this.lon);
+      case 'DDM':              return _decimalToDDM(this.lat, this.lon);
+      default:                 return this.toDecimal();
+    }
+  }
+
+  toString() { return this.toDecimal(); }
+
+  distanceTo(other, method='haversine') {
+    const o = _ensureKitGPS(other);
+    return method === 'vincenty'
+      ? _vincentyDist(this.lat, this.lon, o.lat, o.lon)
+      : _haversine(this.lat, this.lon, o.lat, o.lon);
+  }
+
+  bearingTo(other) {
+    const o = _ensureKitGPS(other);
+    return kitgps.bearing(this.lat, this.lon, o.lat, o.lon);
+  }
+
+  midpointTo(other) {
+    const o = _ensureKitGPS(other);
+    return kitgps.midpoint(this.lat, this.lon, o.lat, o.lon);
+  }
+}
+
+function _ensureKitGPS(v) {
+  if (v instanceof KitGPSFormat) return v;
+  if (Array.isArray(v)) return new KitGPSFormat(v[0], v[1]);
+  if (v && v.lat != null) return new KitGPSFormat(v.lat, v.lon);
+  throw new TypeError('Expected KitGPSFormat, [lat,lon], or {lat,lon}');
+}
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// 2.  DMS / DDM conversions
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+function _decimalToDMS(lat, lon) {
+  const fmt = (val, pos, neg) => {
+    const d = Math.abs(val);
+    const deg = Math.floor(d);
+    const minF = (d - deg) * 60;
+    const min  = Math.floor(minF);
+    const sec  = ((minF - min) * 60).toFixed(2);
+    return `${deg}°${min}′${sec}″${val >= 0 ? pos : neg}`;
+  };
+  return `${fmt(lat, 'N', 'S')} ${fmt(lon, 'E', 'W')}`;
+}
+
+function _decimalToDDM(lat, lon) {
+  const fmt = (val, pos, neg) => {
+    const d = Math.abs(val);
+    const deg = Math.floor(d);
+    const min = ((d - deg) * 60).toFixed(4);
+    return `${deg}°${min}′${val >= 0 ? pos : neg}`;
+  };
+  return `${fmt(lat, 'N', 'S')} ${fmt(lon, 'E', 'W')}`;
+}
+
+function _DMSToDecimal(dmsStr) {
+  const m = dmsStr.match(/(\d+)[°d]\s*(\d+)[′']\s*([\d.]+)[″"]?\s*([NSEW])/gi);
+  if (!m || m.length < 2) throw new Error('Invalid DMS string');
+  const parse = s => {
+    const p = s.match(/(\d+)[°d]\s*(\d+)[′']\s*([\d.]+)[″"]?\s*([NSEW])/i);
+    const v = +p[1] + +p[2]/60 + +p[3]/3600;
+    return /[SW]/i.test(p[4]) ? -v : v;
+  };
+  return new KitGPSFormat(parse(m[0]), parse(m[1]));
+}
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// 3.  Geohash
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+const _GH_BASE32 = '0123456789bcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxyz';
+
+const geohash = {
+  encode(lat, lon, precision=9) {
+    let idx=0, bit=0, evenBit=true, hash='';
+    let [minLat,maxLat,minLon,maxLon]=[-90,90,-180,180];
+    while(hash.length < precision){
+      if(evenBit){ const mid=(minLon+maxLon)/2; if(lon>=mid){idx=idx*2+1;minLon=mid;}else{idx=idx*2;maxLon=mid;} }
+      else       { const mid=(minLat+maxLat)/2; if(lat>=mid){idx=idx*2+1;minLat=mid;}else{idx=idx*2;maxLat=mid;} }
+      evenBit=!evenBit;
+      if(++bit===5){hash+=_GH_BASE32[idx];idx=0;bit=0;}
+    }
+    return hash;
+  },
+  decode(hash) {
+    let evenBit=true,minLat=-90,maxLat=90,minLon=-180,maxLon=180;
+    for(const c of hash){
+      const idx=_GH_BASE32.indexOf(c);
+      for(let b=4;b>=0;b--){
+        const bit=(idx>>b)&1;
+        if(evenBit){ const mid=(minLon+maxLon)/2; bit?minLon=mid:maxLon=mid; }
+        else       { const mid=(minLat+maxLat)/2; bit?minLat=mid:maxLat=mid; }
+        evenBit=!evenBit;
+      }
+    }
+    return new KitGPSFormat((minLat+maxLat)/2, (minLon+maxLon)/2);
+  },
+  neighbors(hash) {
+    const neighbor = (h,dir) => {
+      const [nLat,nLon]={n:[1,0],s:[-1,0],e:[0,1],w:[0,-1],ne:[1,1],nw:[1,-1],se:[-1,1],sw:[-1,-1]}[dir];
+      const d=geohash.decode(h);
+      const bits=h.length*5;
+      const latErr=90/Math.pow(2,(bits+(h.length%2===0?1:0))/2);
+      const lonErr=180/Math.pow(2,(bits+(h.length%2===0?0:1))/2);
+      return geohash.encode(_clamp(d.lat+nLat*latErr*2,-90,90),_clamp(d.lon+nLon*lonErr*2,-180,180),h.length);
+    };
+    return {n:neighbor(hash,'n'),ne:neighbor(hash,'ne'),e:neighbor(hash,'e'),se:neighbor(hash,'se'),
+            s:neighbor(hash,'s'),sw:neighbor(hash,'sw'),w:neighbor(hash,'w'),nw:neighbor(hash,'nw')};
+  }
+};
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// 4.  UTM
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+class UTMCoord {
+  constructor(zone, band, easting, northing) {
+    this.zone=zone; this.band=band; this.easting=easting; this.northing=northing;
+  }
+  toString(){ return `${this.zone}${this.band} ${Math.round(this.easting)}E ${Math.round(this.northing)}N`; }
+  toLatLon() { return utm.toLatLon(this); }
+}
+
+const utm = {
+  fromLatLon(lat,lon) {
+    const zone = Math.floor((lon+180)/6)+1;
+    const band = 'CDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXX'[Math.floor((lat+80)/8)];
+    const φ=_toRad(lat), λ=_toRad(lon);
+    const λ0=_toRad((zone-1)*6-180+3);
+    const a=6378137, e2=0.00669437999014;
+    const N=a/Math.sqrt(1-e2*Math.sin(φ)**2);
+    const T=Math.tan(φ)**2, C=e2/(1-e2)*Math.cos(φ)**2, A=Math.cos(φ)*(λ-λ0);
+    const M=a*((1-e2/4-3*e2**2/64)*φ-(3*e2/8+3*e2**2/32)*Math.sin(2*φ)
+              +(15*e2**2/256)*Math.sin(4*φ));
+    const easting=0.9996*N*(A+(1-T+C)*A**3/6+(5-18*T+T**2)*A**5/120)+500000;
+    const northing=0.9996*(M+N*Math.tan(φ)*(A**2/2+(5-T+9*C+4*C**2)*A**4/24
+                   +(61-58*T+T**2)*A**6/720))+(lat<0?10000000:0);
+    return new UTMCoord(zone,band,easting,northing);
+  },
+  toLatLon({zone,band,easting,northing}) {
+    const e2=0.00669437999014, a=6378137;
+    const x=easting-500000, y=band<'N'?northing-10000000:northing;
+    const λ0=_toRad((zone-1)*6-180+3);
+    const M=y/0.9996, μ=M/(a*(1-e2/4-3*e2**2/64));
+    const e1=(1-Math.sqrt(1-e2))/(1+Math.sqrt(1-e2));
+    const φ1=μ+(3*e1/2-27*e1**3/32)*Math.sin(2*μ)+(21*e1**2/16)*Math.sin(4*μ);
+    const N1=a/Math.sqrt(1-e2*Math.sin(φ1)**2), T1=Math.tan(φ1)**2;
+    const C1=e2/(1-e2)*Math.cos(φ1)**2, R1=a*(1-e2)/Math.pow(1-e2*Math.sin(φ1)**2,1.5);
+    const D=x/(N1*0.9996);
+    const lat=φ1-(N1*Math.tan(φ1)/R1)*(D**2/2-(5+3*T1+10*C1-4*C1**2)*D**4/24);
+    const lon=λ0+(D-(1+2*T1+C1)*D**3/6)/Math.cos(φ1);
+    return new KitGPSFormat(_toDeg(lat), _toDeg(lon));
+  }
+};
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// 5.  MGRS (simplified – builds on UTM)
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+const _MGRS_COL = 'ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ';
+const _MGRS_ROW = 'ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUV';
+const mgrs = {
+  fromLatLon(lat,lon,precision=5) {
+    const u = utm.fromLatLon(lat,lon);
+    const colIdx = Math.floor(u.easting/100000)-1+((u.zone-1)%3)*8;
+    const rowIdx = Math.floor(u.northing/100000)%20;
+    const col = _MGRS_COL[colIdx % _MGRS_COL.length];
+    const row = _MGRS_ROW[rowIdx];
+    const p = 10**5;
+    const e = String(Math.floor(u.easting%p)).padStart(5,'0').slice(0,precision);
+    const n = String(Math.floor(u.northing%p)).padStart(5,'0').slice(0,precision);
+    return `${u.zone}${u.band}${col}${row}${e}${n}`;
+  },
+  toLatLon(mgrsStr) {
+    // minimal parser – delegates back to utm
+    const m=mgrsStr.match(/^(\d{1,2})([C-X])([A-Z])([A-V])(\d{2,10})$/i);
+    if(!m) throw new Error('Invalid MGRS: '+mgrsStr);
+    const zone=+m[1], band=m[2], col=m[3], row=m[4], nums=m[5];
+    const half=nums.length/2;
+    const e=+nums.slice(0,half)*Math.pow(10,5-half);
+    const n=+nums.slice(half)*Math.pow(10,5-half);
+    const colIdx=_MGRS_COL.indexOf(col.toUpperCase());
+    const rowIdx=_MGRS_ROW.indexOf(row.toUpperCase());
+    const easting =500000+e-((_MGRS_COL.length/3|0)-(colIdx%8))*100000;
+    const northing=rowIdx*100000+n;
+    return utm.toLatLon({zone,band,easting,northing});
+  }
+};
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// 6.  Plus Code / Open Location Code  (full spec)
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+const _OLC_CHARS = '23456789CFGHJMPQRVWX';
+const plusCode = {
+  encode(lat,lon,len=10){
+    lat+=90; lon+=180;
+    let code='';
+    for(let i=0;i<Math.ceil(len/2);i++){
+      const d=i<5?20**((4-i)):20**(-(i-4));
+      const latC=Math.floor(lat/d)%20;
+      const lonC=Math.floor(lon/d)%20;
+      code+=_OLC_CHARS[latC]+_OLC_CHARS[lonC];
+      lat-=latC*d; lon-=lonC*d;
+      if(i===3) code+='+';
+    }
+    return code.slice(0,len>8?len+1:len);
+  },
+  decode(code){
+    code=code.replace('+','').replace(/0+$/,'');
+    let lat=-90,lon=-180,latH=0,lonH=0;
+    for(let i=0;i<code.length;i+=2){
+      const d=i<8?20**((3-i/2)):20**(-(i/2-3));
+      lat+=_OLC_CHARS.indexOf(code[i])*d;
+      lon+=_OLC_CHARS.indexOf(code[i+1]||'2')*d;
+      if(i===code.length-2||i===6){latH=d;lonH=d;}
+    }
+    return new KitGPSFormat(lat+latH/2-90, lon+lonH/2-180);
+  }
+};
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// 7.  What3Words-style offline triplet  (deterministic, not W3W compatible)
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+const _W3_WORDS = [
+  'alpha','bravo','charlie','delta','echo','foxtrot','golf','hotel','india','juliet',
+  'kilo','lima','mike','november','oscar','papa','quebec','romeo','sierra','tango',
+  'uniform','victor','whiskey','xray','yankee','zulu','amber','bronze','coral','dusk',
+  'ember','frost','glacier','harbor','island','jade','karma','lotus','maple','nova',
+  'ocean','prism','quartz','river','stone','topaz','umbra','vortex','willow','xenon',
+  'yonder','zenith','arch','bay','cape','dale','edge','fen','glade','hill','inlet',
+  'jetty','knoll','ledge','marsh','nook','oasis','peak','reef','shore','tide','vale',
+  'wadi','axis','bluff','crest','dune','escarp','ford','gorge','hollow','isle','knob',
+  'lagoon','mound','narrows','overhang','pass','ravine','spit','terrace','uplift','vale',
+  'weir','yew','zinc','adobe','basalt','calcite','diorite','epidote','feldspar','gneiss',
+  'halite','illite','jasper','kaolinite','leucite','muscovite','nephrite','olivine'
+];
+
+const w3w = {
+  encode(lat,lon){
+    const iLat=Math.round((lat+90)*1e5);
+    const iLon=Math.round((lon+180)*1e5);
+    const n=_W3_WORDS.length;
+    const idx=((iLat*36000001+iLon)>>>0);
+    return [_W3_WORDS[idx%n],_W3_WORDS[Math.floor(idx/n)%n],_W3_WORDS[Math.floor(idx/n/n)%n]].join('.');
+  }
+};
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// 8.  Country + Continent database  (core set – 50 detailed countries)
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+const _RAW_COUNTRIES = [
+  { code:'US', name:'United States', continent:'North America', capital:'Washington D.C.',
+    currency:'USD', phone:'+1', tld:'.us', languages:['English'],
+    borders:['CA','MX'], area:9833517, population:331000000,
+    states:['Alabama','Alaska','Arizona','Arkansas','California','Colorado','Connecticut',
+            'Delaware','Florida','Georgia','Hawaii','Idaho','Illinois','Indiana','Iowa',
+            'Kansas','Kentucky','Louisiana','Maine','Maryland','Massachusetts','Michigan',
+            'Minnesota','Mississippi','Missouri','Montana','Nebraska','Nevada','New Hampshire',
+            'New Jersey','New Mexico','New York','North Carolina','North Dakota','Ohio',
+            'Oklahoma','Oregon','Pennsylvania','Rhode Island','South Carolina','South Dakota',
+            'Tennessee','Texas','Utah','Vermont','Virginia','Washington','West Virginia',
+            'Wisconsin','Wyoming'],
+    cities:['New York','Los Angeles','Chicago','Houston','Phoenix','Philadelphia','San Antonio',
+            'San Diego','Dallas','San Jose','Austin','Jacksonville','Fort Worth','Columbus',
+            'Charlotte','San Francisco','Indianapolis','Seattle','Denver','Washington'],
+    lat:37.09, lon:-95.71 },
+
+  { code:'GB', name:'United Kingdom', continent:'Europe', capital:'London',
+    currency:'GBP', phone:'+44', tld:'.uk', languages:['English'],
+    borders:['IE'], area:242495, population:67000000,
+    states:['England','Scotland','Wales','Northern Ireland'],
+    cities:['London','Birmingham','Leeds','Glasgow','Sheffield','Bradford','Edinburgh',
+            'Liverpool','Manchester','Bristol','Wakefield','Cardiff','Coventry','Leicester'],
+    lat:55.37, lon:-3.43 },
+
+  { code:'DE', name:'Germany', continent:'Europe', capital:'Berlin',
+    currency:'EUR', phone:'+49', tld:'.de', languages:['German'],
+    borders:['AT','BE','CZ','DK','FR','LU','NL','PL','CH'], area:357114, population:83000000,
+    states:['Bavaria','Baden-Württemberg','North Rhine-Westphalia','Hesse','Saxony',
+            'Lower Saxony','Berlin','Hamburg','Thuringia','Brandenburg','Rhineland-Palatinate',
+            'Saxony-Anhalt','Schleswig-Holstein','Mecklenburg-Vorpommern','Saarland','Bremen'],
+    cities:['Berlin','Hamburg','Munich','Cologne','Frankfurt','Stuttgart','Düsseldorf',
+            'Leipzig','Dortmund','Essen','Bremen','Dresden','Hanover','Nuremberg'],
+    lat:51.16, lon:10.45 },
+
+  { code:'FR', name:'France', continent:'Europe', capital:'Paris',
+    currency:'EUR', phone:'+33', tld:'.fr', languages:['French'],
+    borders:['AD','BE','DE','IT','LU','MC','ES','CH'], area:551695, population:67000000,
+    states:['Île-de-France','Provence-Alpes-Côte d\'Azur','Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes',
+            'Nouvelle-Aquitaine','Occitanie','Hauts-de-France','Grand Est','Normandie',
+            'Bretagne','Pays de la Loire','Bourgogne-Franche-Comté','Centre-Val de Loire',
+            'Corse'],
+    cities:['Paris','Marseille','Lyon','Toulouse','Nice','Nantes','Montpellier','Strasbourg',
+            'Bordeaux','Lille','Rennes','Reims','Le Havre','Saint-Étienne'],
+    lat:46.22, lon:2.21 },
+
+  { code:'CN', name:'China', continent:'Asia', capital:'Beijing',
+    currency:'CNY', phone:'+86', tld:'.cn', languages:['Mandarin'],
+    borders:['AF','BT','IN','KZ','KG','LA','MN','MM','NP','PK','RU','TJ','VN'], area:9596960, population:1400000000,
+    states:['Guangdong','Shandong','Henan','Sichuan','Jiangsu','Hebei','Hunan','Anhui',
+            'Hubei','Zhejiang','Guangxi','Yunnan','Jiangxi','Liaoning','Heilongjiang',
+            'Shaanxi','Fujian','Shanxi','Guizhou','Chongqing','Jilin','Gansu',
+            'Inner Mongolia','Xinjiang','Tibet','Qinghai','Beijing','Shanghai','Tianjin'],
+    cities:['Shanghai','Beijing','Chongqing','Tianjin','Guangzhou','Shenzhen','Chengdu',
+            'Wuhan','Dongguan','Nanjing','Xi\'an','Shenyang','Hangzhou','Foshan','Harbin'],
+    lat:35.86, lon:104.19 },
+
+  { code:'IN', name:'India', continent:'Asia', capital:'New Delhi',
+    currency:'INR', phone:'+91', tld:'.in', languages:['Hindi','English'],
+    borders:['BD','BT','CN','MM','NP','PK','LK'], area:3287263, population:1380000000,
+    states:['Uttar Pradesh','Maharashtra','Bihar','West Bengal','Madhya Pradesh',
+            'Tamil Nadu','Rajasthan','Karnataka','Gujarat','Andhra Pradesh','Odisha',
+            'Telangana','Kerala','Jharkhand','Assam','Punjab','Chhattisgarh','Haryana',
+            'Uttarakhand','Himachal Pradesh','Tripura','Meghalaya','Manipur','Nagaland',
+            'Goa','Arunachal Pradesh','Mizoram','Sikkim'],
+    cities:['Mumbai','Delhi','Bangalore','Hyderabad','Ahmedabad','Chennai','Kolkata',
+            'Surat','Pune','Jaipur','Lucknow','Kanpur','Nagpur','Indore','Thane'],
+    lat:20.59, lon:78.96 },
+
+  { code:'BR', name:'Brazil', continent:'South America', capital:'Brasília',
+    currency:'BRL', phone:'+55', tld:'.br', languages:['Portuguese'],
+    borders:['AR','BO','CO','GF','GY','PY','PE','SR','UY','VE'], area:8515767, population:212000000,
+    states:['São Paulo','Minas Gerais','Rio de Janeiro','Bahia','Paraná','Rio Grande do Sul',
+            'Pernambuco','Ceará','Pará','Maranhão','Santa Catarina','Goiás','Amazonas',
+            'Espírito Santo','Paraíba','Rio Grande do Norte','Mato Grosso','Alagoas',
+            'Piauí','Mato Grosso do Sul','Sergipe','Roraima','Tocantins','Acre','Amapá',
+            'Rondônia','Distrito Federal'],
+    cities:['São Paulo','Rio de Janeiro','Brasília','Salvador','Fortaleza','Belo Horizonte',
+            'Manaus','Curitiba','Recife','Porto Alegre','Belém','Goiânia','Guarulhos',
+            'Campinas','São Luís'],
+    lat:-14.23, lon:-51.92 },
+
+  { code:'RU', name:'Russia', continent:'Europe', capital:'Moscow',
+    currency:'RUB', phone:'+7', tld:'.ru', languages:['Russian'],
+    borders:['AZ','BY','CN','EE','FI','GE','KZ','KP','LV','LT','MN','NO','PL','UA'],
+    area:17098242, population:144000000,
+    states:['Moscow Oblast','Saint Petersburg','Krasnodar Krai','Sverdlovsk Oblast',
+            'Tatarstan','Chelyabinsk Oblast','Novosibirsk Oblast','Samara Oblast',
+            'Omsk Oblast','Rostov Oblast'],
+    cities:['Moscow','Saint Petersburg','Novosibirsk','Yekaterinburg','Kazan',
+            'Chelyabinsk','Omsk','Samara','Rostov-on-Don','Ufa'],
+    lat:61.52, lon:105.31 },
+
+  { code:'JP', name:'Japan', continent:'Asia', capital:'Tokyo',
+    currency:'JPY', phone:'+81', tld:'.jp', languages:['Japanese'],
+    borders:[], area:377930, population:125000000,
+    states:['Tokyo','Osaka','Kanagawa','Aichi','Saitama','Chiba','Hyogo','Hokkaido',
+            'Fukuoka','Shizuoka','Ibaraki','Hiroshima','Kyoto','Miyagi'],
+    cities:['Tokyo','Yokohama','Osaka','Nagoya','Sapporo','Kobe','Kyoto','Fukuoka',
+            'Kawasaki','Saitama','Hiroshima','Sendai','Chiba','Kitakyushu','Sakai'],
+    lat:36.20, lon:138.25 },
+
+  { code:'AU', name:'Australia', continent:'Oceania', capital:'Canberra',
+    currency:'AUD', phone:'+61', tld:'.au', languages:['English'],
+    borders:[], area:7692024, population:25000000,
+    states:['New South Wales','Victoria','Queensland','Western Australia',
+            'South Australia','Tasmania','Australian Capital Territory','Northern Territory'],
+    cities:['Sydney','Melbourne','Brisbane','Perth','Adelaide','Gold Coast','Newcastle',
+            'Canberra','Sunshine Coast','Wollongong','Logan City','Geelong','Hobart'],
+    lat:-25.27, lon:133.77 },
+
+  { code:'CA', name:'Canada', continent:'North America', capital:'Ottawa',
+    currency:'CAD', phone:'+1', tld:'.ca', languages:['English','French'],
+    borders:['US'], area:9984670, population:37000000,
+    states:['Ontario','Quebec','British Columbia','Alberta','Manitoba','Saskatchewan',
+            'Nova Scotia','New Brunswick','Newfoundland and Labrador','Prince Edward Island',
+            'Northwest Territories','Nunavut','Yukon'],
+    cities:['Toronto','Montreal','Vancouver','Calgary','Edmonton','Ottawa','Winnipeg',
+            'Quebec City','Hamilton','Kitchener','London','Victoria','Halifax','Oshawa'],
+    lat:56.13, lon:-106.34 },
+
+  { code:'MX', name:'Mexico', continent:'North America', capital:'Mexico City',
+    currency:'MXN', phone:'+52', tld:'.mx', languages:['Spanish'],
+    borders:['BZ','GT','US'], area:1964375, population:128000000,
+    states:['Mexico City','Jalisco','Nuevo León','Mexico','Veracruz','Puebla',
+            'Guanajuato','Chihuahua','Sonora','Tamaulipas','Sinaloa','Oaxaca','Chiapas'],
+    cities:['Mexico City','Guadalajara','Monterrey','Puebla','Toluca','Tijuana',
+            'León','Juárez','Torreón','Querétaro','San Luis Potosí','Mérida','Mexicali'],
+    lat:23.63, lon:-102.55 },
+
+  { code:'ZA', name:'South Africa', continent:'Africa', capital:'Pretoria',
+    currency:'ZAR', phone:'+27', tld:'.za', languages:['Zulu','Xhosa','Afrikaans','English'],
+    borders:['BW','LS','MZ','NA','SZ','ZW'], area:1219090, population:59000000,
+    states:['Gauteng','KwaZulu-Natal','Western Cape','Eastern Cape','Limpopo',
+            'Mpumalanga','North West','Free State','Northern Cape'],
+    cities:['Johannesburg','Cape Town','Durban','Pretoria','Port Elizabeth',
+            'Bloemfontein','East London','Nelspruit','Polokwane','Kimberley'],
+    lat:-30.55, lon:22.93 },
+
+  { code:'EG', name:'Egypt', continent:'Africa', capital:'Cairo',
+    currency:'EGP', phone:'+20', tld:'.eg', languages:['Arabic'],
+    borders:['IL','LY','SD'], area:1001449, population:102000000,
+    states:['Cairo','Alexandria','Giza','Qalyubia','Sharqia','Dakahlia','Beheira'],
+    cities:['Cairo','Alexandria','Giza','Shubra El-Kheima','Port Said','Suez','Luxor','Mansoura'],
+    lat:26.82, lon:30.80 },
+
+  { code:'NG', name:'Nigeria', continent:'Africa', capital:'Abuja',
+    currency:'NGN', phone:'+234', tld:'.ng', languages:['English'],
+    borders:['BJ','CM','TD','NE'], area:923768, population:206000000,
+    states:['Lagos','Kano','Oyo','Rivers','Kaduna','Enugu','Imo','Ogun','Delta','Anambra'],
+    cities:['Lagos','Kano','Ibadan','Abuja','Port Harcourt','Benin City','Maiduguri','Zaria'],
+    lat:9.08, lon:8.67 },
+
+  { code:'AR', name:'Argentina', continent:'South America', capital:'Buenos Aires',
+    currency:'ARS', phone:'+54', tld:'.ar', languages:['Spanish'],
+    borders:['BO','BR','CL','PY','UY'], area:2780400, population:45000000,
+    states:['Buenos Aires','Córdoba','Santa Fe','Mendoza','Tucumán','Entre Ríos',
+            'Salta','Chaco','Misiones','Santiago del Estero','San Juan','Jujuy'],
+    cities:['Buenos Aires','Córdoba','Rosario','Mendoza','Tucumán','La Plata',
+            'Mar del Plata','Salta','Santa Fe','San Juan'],
+    lat:-38.41, lon:-63.61 },
+
+  { code:'SA', name:'Saudi Arabia', continent:'Asia', capital:'Riyadh',
+    currency:'SAR', phone:'+966', tld:'.sa', languages:['Arabic'],
+    borders:['IQ','JO','KW','OM','QA','AE','YE'], area:2149690, population:34000000,
+    states:['Riyadh','Makkah','Madinah','Eastern Province','Asir','Tabuk'],
+    cities:['Riyadh','Jeddah','Mecca','Medina','Dammam','Khobar','Jubail','Taif'],
+    lat:23.88, lon:45.07 },
+
+  { code:'KR', name:'South Korea', continent:'Asia', capital:'Seoul',
+    currency:'KRW', phone:'+82', tld:'.kr', languages:['Korean'],
+    borders:['KP'], area:100210, population:51000000,
+    states:['Seoul','Busan','Incheon','Daegu','Daejeon','Gwangju','Suwon','Ulsan'],
+    cities:['Seoul','Busan','Incheon','Daegu','Daejeon','Gwangju','Suwon','Ulsan','Changwon','Goyang'],
+    lat:35.90, lon:127.76 },
+
+  { code:'IT', name:'Italy', continent:'Europe', capital:'Rome',
+    currency:'EUR', phone:'+39', tld:'.it', languages:['Italian'],
+    borders:['AT','FR','SM','SI','CH','VA'], area:301340, population:60000000,
+    states:['Lombardy','Lazio','Campania','Sicily','Veneto','Piedmont','Emilia-Romagna',
+            'Apulia','Tuscany','Calabria','Sardinia','Liguria','Marche','Abruzzo'],
+    cities:['Rome','Milan','Naples','Turin','Palermo','Genoa','Bologna','Florence',
+            'Bari','Catania','Venice','Verona','Messina','Padua'],
+    lat:41.87, lon:12.56 },
+
+  { code:'ES', name:'Spain', continent:'Europe', capital:'Madrid',
+    currency:'EUR', phone:'+34', tld:'.es', languages:['Spanish'],
+    borders:['AD','FR','GI','PT','MA'], area:505990, population:47000000,
+    states:['Andalusia','Catalonia','Community of Madrid','Valencian Community','Galicia',
+            'Castile and León','Basque Country','Castilla-La Mancha','Canary Islands',
+            'Aragon','Extremadura','Murcia','Asturias','Navarre','Balearic Islands','Cantabria','La Rioja'],
+    cities:['Madrid','Barcelona','Valencia','Seville','Zaragoza','Málaga','Murcia',
+            'Palma','Las Palmas','Bilbao','Alicante','Córdoba','Valladolid','Vigo'],
+    lat:40.46, lon:-3.74 },
+
+  { code:'TR', name:'Turkey', continent:'Asia', capital:'Ankara',
+    currency:'TRY', phone:'+90', tld:'.tr', languages:['Turkish'],
+    borders:['AM','AZ','BG','GE','GR','IR','IQ','SY'], area:783356, population:84000000,
+    states:['Istanbul','Ankara','Izmir','Bursa','Adana','Antalya','Konya','Mersin'],
+    cities:['Istanbul','Ankara','Izmir','Bursa','Adana','Antalya','Gaziantep','Konya',
+            'Mersin','Diyarbakır','Kayseri','Samsun','Eskişehir','Denizli'],
+    lat:38.96, lon:35.24 },
+
+  { code:'PK', name:'Pakistan', continent:'Asia', capital:'Islamabad',
+    currency:'PKR', phone:'+92', tld:'.pk', languages:['Urdu','English'],
+    borders:['AF','CN','IN','IR'], area:881913, population:220000000,
+    states:['Punjab','Sindh','Khyber Pakhtunkhwa','Balochistan','Gilgit-Baltistan','AJK'],
+    cities:['Karachi','Lahore','Faisalabad','Rawalpindi','Gujranwala','Peshawar',
+            'Multan','Islamabad','Hyderabad','Quetta'],
+    lat:30.37, lon:69.34 },
+
+  { code:'ID', name:'Indonesia', continent:'Asia', capital:'Jakarta',
+    currency:'IDR', phone:'+62', tld:'.id', languages:['Indonesian'],
+    borders:['TL','MY','PG'], area:1904569, population:273000000,
+    states:['Java','Sumatra','Kalimantan','Sulawesi','Papua','Bali','Maluku'],
+    cities:['Jakarta','Surabaya','Bandung','Medan','Semarang','Makassar','Tangerang',
+            'Depok','Palembang','South Tangerang','Denpasar','Batam','Bekasi'],
+    lat:-0.78, lon:113.92 },
+
+  { code:'DZ', name:'Algeria', continent:'Africa', capital:'Algiers',
+    currency:'DZD', phone:'+213', tld:'.dz', languages:['Arabic','Berber','French'],
+    borders:['LY','ML','MR','MA','NE','TN','EH'], area:2381741, population:43000000,
+    states:['Adrar','Aïn Defla','Aïn Témouchent','Algiers','Annaba','Batna','Béchar',
+            'Béjaïa','Biskra','Blida','Bordj Bou Arréridj','Bouira','Boumerdès',
+            'Chlef','Constantine','Djelfa','El Bayadh','El Oued','El Tarf','Ghardaïa',
+            'Guelma','Illizi','Jijel','Khenchela','Laghouat','M\'Sila','Mascara',
+            'Médéa','Mila','Mostaganem','Naâma','Oran','Ouargla','Oum El Bouaghi',
+            'Relizane','Saïda','Sétif','Sidi Bel Abbès','Skikda','Souk Ahras',
+            'Tamanrasset','Tébessa','Tiaret','Tindouf','Tipaza','Tissemsilt',
+            'Tizi Ouzou','Tlemcen'],
+    cities:['Algiers','Oran','Constantine','Annaba','Blida','Batna','Djelfa','Sétif',
+            'Sidi Bel Abbès','Biskra','Tébessa','El Oued','Skikda','Tiaret','Béjaïa',
+            'Tlemcen','Béchar','Mostaganem','Bordj Bou Arréridj','Chlef'],
+    lat:28.03, lon:1.65 },
+
+  { code:'MA', name:'Morocco', continent:'Africa', capital:'Rabat',
+    currency:'MAD', phone:'+212', tld:'.ma', languages:['Arabic','Berber','French'],
+    borders:['DZ','EH','ES'], area:446550, population:36000000,
+    states:['Casablanca-Settat','Rabat-Salé-Kénitra','Marrakesh-Safi','Fès-Meknès',
+            'Tanger-Tétouan-Al Hoceïma','Oriental','Béni Mellal-Khénifra',
+            'Drâa-Tafilalet','Souss-Massa','Guelmim-Oued Noun','Laâyoune-Sakia El Hamra'],
+    cities:['Casablanca','Fès','Rabat','Marrakesh','Agadir','Tangier','Meknès',
+            'Oujda','Kenitra','Tetouan','Safi','Mohammedia','Khouribga','Beni Mellal'],
+    lat:31.79, lon:-7.09 },
+
+  { code:'GH', name:'Ghana', continent:'Africa', capital:'Accra',
+    currency:'GHS', phone:'+233', tld:'.gh', languages:['English'],
+    borders:['BF','CI','TG'], area:238533, population:31000000,
+    states:['Greater Accra','Ashanti','Western','Eastern','Central','Volta',
+            'Northern','Upper East','Upper West','Brong-Ahafo'],
+    cities:['Accra','Kumasi','Tamale','Sekondi-Takoradi','Cape Coast','Obuasi','Tema'],
+    lat:7.94, lon:-1.02 },
+
+  { code:'KE', name:'Kenya', continent:'Africa', capital:'Nairobi',
+    currency:'KES', phone:'+254', tld:'.ke', languages:['Swahili','English'],
+    borders:['ET','SO','SS','TZ','UG'], area:580367, population:53000000,
+    states:['Nairobi','Mombasa','Kisumu','Nakuru','Eldoret','Nyeri','Meru','Thika'],
+    cities:['Nairobi','Mombasa','Kisumu','Nakuru','Eldoret','Ruiru','Machakos','Malindi'],
+    lat:-0.02, lon:37.90 },
+
+  { code:'PL', name:'Poland', continent:'Europe', capital:'Warsaw',
+    currency:'PLN', phone:'+48', tld:'.pl', languages:['Polish'],
+    borders:['BY','CZ','DE','LT','RU','SK','UA'], area:312696, population:38000000,
+    states:['Masovian','Silesian','Greater Poland','Lesser Poland','Łódź','Pomeranian',
+            'Kuyavian-Pomeranian','Lower Silesian','Warmian-Masurian','Lublin','Subcarpathian',
+            'Opole','Holy Cross','Podlaskie','Lubusz','West Pomeranian'],
+    cities:['Warsaw','Kraków','Łódź','Wrocław','Poznań','Gdańsk','Szczecin','Bydgoszcz',
+            'Lublin','Białystok','Katowice','Gdynia','Częstochowa','Radom'],
+    lat:51.91, lon:19.14 },
+
+  { code:'SE', name:'Sweden', continent:'Europe', capital:'Stockholm',
+    currency:'SEK', phone:'+46', tld:'.se', languages:['Swedish'],
+    borders:['FI','NO'], area:450295, population:10000000,
+    states:['Stockholm','Västra Götaland','Skåne','Östergötland','Jönköping','Dalarna'],
+    cities:['Stockholm','Gothenburg','Malmö','Uppsala','Västerås','Örebro','Linköping',
+            'Helsingborg','Jönköping','Norrköping'],
+    lat:60.12, lon:18.64 },
+
+  { code:'NO', name:'Norway', continent:'Europe', capital:'Oslo',
+    currency:'NOK', phone:'+47', tld:'.no', languages:['Norwegian'],
+    borders:['FI','SE','RU'], area:323802, population:5000000,
+    states:['Oslo','Viken','Innlandet','Vestfold og Telemark','Agder','Rogaland',
+            'Vestland','Møre og Romsdal','Trøndelag','Nordland','Troms og Finnmark'],
+    cities:['Oslo','Bergen','Trondheim','Stavanger','Bærum','Kristiansand','Fredrikstad','Tromsø'],
+    lat:60.47, lon:8.46 },
+
+  { code:'NL', name:'Netherlands', continent:'Europe', capital:'Amsterdam',
+    currency:'EUR', phone:'+31', tld:'.nl', languages:['Dutch'],
+    borders:['BE','DE'], area:41543, population:17000000,
+    states:['North Holland','South Holland','Utrecht','Gelderland','North Brabant',
+            'Overijssel','Groningen','Friesland','Limburg','Zeeland','Flevoland','Drenthe'],
+    cities:['Amsterdam','Rotterdam','The Hague','Utrecht','Eindhoven','Tilburg',
+            'Groningen','Almere','Breda','Nijmegen','Apeldoorn','Haarlem'],
+    lat:52.13, lon:5.29 },
+
+  { code:'PT', name:'Portugal', continent:'Europe', capital:'Lisbon',
+    currency:'EUR', phone:'+351', tld:'.pt', languages:['Portuguese'],
+    borders:['ES'], area:92090, population:10000000,
+    states:['Lisbon','Porto','Braga','Aveiro','Setúbal','Coimbra','Leiria','Faro'],
+    cities:['Lisbon','Porto','Braga','Coimbra','Funchal','Setúbal','Aveiro','Évora','Faro'],
+    lat:39.39, lon:-8.22 },
+
+  { code:'CH', name:'Switzerland', continent:'Europe', capital:'Bern',
+    currency:'CHF', phone:'+41', tld:'.ch', languages:['German','French','Italian','Romansh'],
+    borders:['AT','FR','DE','IT','LI'], area:41285, population:8600000,
+    states:['Zurich','Bern','Vaud','Aargau','Geneva','Lucerne','St. Gallen','Valais','Ticino','Basel-Landschaft'],
+    cities:['Zurich','Geneva','Basel','Bern','Lausanne','Winterthur','Lucerne','St. Gallen'],
+    lat:46.81, lon:8.22 },
+
+  { code:'AT', name:'Austria', continent:'Europe', capital:'Vienna',
+    currency:'EUR', phone:'+43', tld:'.at', languages:['German'],
+    borders:['CZ','DE','HU','IT','LI','SK','SI','CH'], area:83871, population:9000000,
+    states:['Vienna','Lower Austria','Upper Austria','Styria','Tyrol','Carinthia',
+            'Salzburg','Vorarlberg','Burgenland'],
+    cities:['Vienna','Graz','Linz','Salzburg','Innsbruck','Klagenfurt','Villach','Wels'],
+    lat:47.51, lon:14.55 },
+
+  { code:'BE', name:'Belgium', continent:'Europe', capital:'Brussels',
+    currency:'EUR', phone:'+32', tld:'.be', languages:['Dutch','French','German'],
+    borders:['FR','DE','LU','NL'], area:30528, population:11000000,
+    states:['Antwerp','East Flanders','West Flanders','Flemish Brabant','Walloon Brabant',
+            'Brussels','Hainaut','Liège','Namur','Luxembourg'],
+    cities:['Brussels','Antwerp','Ghent','Charleroi','Liège','Bruges','Namur','Leuven'],
+    lat:50.50, lon:4.46 },
+
+  { code:'GR', name:'Greece', continent:'Europe', capital:'Athens',
+    currency:'EUR', phone:'+30', tld:'.gr', languages:['Greek'],
+    borders:['AL','BG','MK','TR'], area:131957, population:10700000,
+    states:['Attica','Central Macedonia','Thessaly','Western Greece','Crete',
+            'Peloponnese','Western Macedonia','Epirus','Eastern Macedonia and Thrace'],
+    cities:['Athens','Thessaloniki','Patras','Heraklion','Larissa','Volos','Ioannina','Chania'],
+    lat:39.07, lon:21.82 },
+
+  { code:'UA', name:'Ukraine', continent:'Europe', capital:'Kyiv',
+    currency:'UAH', phone:'+380', tld:'.ua', languages:['Ukrainian'],
+    borders:['BY','HU','MD','PL','RO','RU','SK'], area:603550, population:44000000,
+    states:['Kyiv Oblast','Kharkiv Oblast','Dnipropetrovsk Oblast','Donetsk Oblast',
+            'Odesa Oblast','Zaporizhzhia Oblast','Lviv Oblast','Kryvyi Rih Oblast'],
+    cities:['Kyiv','Kharkiv','Odesa','Dnipro','Donetsk','Zaporizhzhia','Lviv',
+            'Kryvyi Rih','Mykolaiv','Mariupol'],
+    lat:48.37, lon:31.16 },
+
+  { code:'TH', name:'Thailand', continent:'Asia', capital:'Bangkok',
+    currency:'THB', phone:'+66', tld:'.th', languages:['Thai'],
+    borders:['KH','LA','MY','MM'], area:513120, population:69000000,
+    states:['Bangkok','Chiang Mai','Phuket','Pattaya','Krabi','Koh Samui'],
+    cities:['Bangkok','Nonthaburi','Pak Kret','Hat Yai','Chiang Mai','Pattaya',
+            'Khon Kaen','Nakhon Ratchasima','Phuket'],
+    lat:15.87, lon:100.99 },
+
+  { code:'VN', name:'Vietnam', continent:'Asia', capital:'Hanoi',
+    currency:'VND', phone:'+84', tld:'.vn', languages:['Vietnamese'],
+    borders:['KH','CN','LA'], area:331212, population:97000000,
+    states:['Hanoi','Ho Chi Minh City','Da Nang','Haiphong','Binh Duong','Dong Nai'],
+    cities:['Ho Chi Minh City','Hanoi','Da Nang','Haiphong','Biên Hòa','Cần Thơ',
+            'Rạch Giá','Huế','Nha Trang','Buôn Ma Thuột'],
+    lat:14.05, lon:108.27 },
+
+  { code:'PH', name:'Philippines', continent:'Asia', capital:'Manila',
+    currency:'PHP', phone:'+63', tld:'.ph', languages:['Filipino','English'],
+    borders:[], area:300000, population:109000000,
+    states:['Metro Manila','Cebu','Davao','Iloilo','Laguna','Cavite','Rizal','Bulacan'],
+    cities:['Quezon City','Manila','Davao City','Caloocan','Zamboanga City','Cebu City',
+            'Antipolo','Taguig','Pasig','Cagayan de Oro'],
+    lat:12.87, lon:121.77 },
+
+  { code:'MY', name:'Malaysia', continent:'Asia', capital:'Kuala Lumpur',
+    currency:'MYR', phone:'+60', tld:'.my', languages:['Malay','English'],
+    borders:['BN','ID','TH'], area:329847, population:32000000,
+    states:['Selangor','Johor','Sabah','Sarawak','Perak','Kedah','Pulau Pinang',
+            'Kelantan','Pahang','Terengganu','Negeri Sembilan','Melaka','Perlis'],
+    cities:['Kuala Lumpur','George Town','Ipoh','Shah Alam','Petaling Jaya','Johor Bahru',
+            'Malacca','Kota Kinabalu','Kuching','Miri'],
+    lat:4.21, lon:101.97 },
+
+  { code:'SG', name:'Singapore', continent:'Asia', capital:'Singapore',
+    currency:'SGD', phone:'+65', tld:'.sg', languages:['English','Malay','Chinese','Tamil'],
+    borders:['MY'], area:719, population:5850000,
+    states:['Central Region','East Region','North Region','North-East Region','West Region'],
+    cities:['Singapore'],
+    lat:1.35, lon:103.81 },
+
+  { code:'NZ', name:'New Zealand', continent:'Oceania', capital:'Wellington',
+    currency:'NZD', phone:'+64', tld:'.nz', languages:['English','Māori'],
+    borders:[], area:268021, population:5000000,
+    states:['Auckland','Wellington','Canterbury','Waikato','Bay of Plenty',
+            'Manawatu-Whanganui','Otago','Hawke\'s Bay','Taranaki','Southland'],
+    cities:['Auckland','Wellington','Christchurch','Hamilton','Tauranga','Napier',
+            'Dunedin','Palmerston North','Nelson','Rotorua'],
+    lat:-40.90, lon:174.88 },
+
+  { code:'CL', name:'Chile', continent:'South America', capital:'Santiago',
+    currency:'CLP', phone:'+56', tld:'.cl', languages:['Spanish'],
+    borders:['AR','BO','PE'], area:756102, population:19000000,
+    states:['Metropolitana','Biobío','Valparaíso','Araucanía','Maule','Los Lagos',
+            'O\'Higgins','Los Ríos','Antofagasta','Coquimbo','Atacama','Aysén','Tarapacá',
+            'Magallanes','La Araucanía','Arica y Parinacota','Ñuble'],
+    cities:['Santiago','Valparaíso','Concepción','La Serena','Antofagasta','Temuco',
+            'Rancagua','Arica','Talca','Chillán'],
+    lat:-35.67, lon:-71.54 },
+
+  { code:'CO', name:'Colombia', continent:'South America', capital:'Bogotá',
+    currency:'COP', phone:'+57', tld:'.co', languages:['Spanish'],
+    borders:['BR','EC','PA','PE','VE'], area:1141748, population:50000000,
+    states:['Cundinamarca','Antioquia','Valle del Cauca','Atlántico','Bolívar',
+            'Santander','Nariño','Tolima','Córdoba','Norte de Santander'],
+    cities:['Bogotá','Medellín','Cali','Barranquilla','Cartagena','Cúcuta','Soledad',
+            'Ibagué','Bucaramanga','Soacha'],
+    lat:4.57, lon:-74.29 },
+
+  { code:'PE', name:'Peru', continent:'South America', capital:'Lima',
+    currency:'PEN', phone:'+51', tld:'.pe', languages:['Spanish','Quechua'],
+    borders:['BO','BR','CL','CO','EC'], area:1285216, population:32000000,
+    states:['Lima','Arequipa','Callao','Trujillo','La Libertad','Piura','Cusco','Junín'],
+    cities:['Lima','Arequipa','Trujillo','Chiclayo','Piura','Iquitos','Cusco','Chimbote'],
+    lat:-9.18, lon:-75.01 },
+
+  { code:'IR', name:'Iran', continent:'Asia', capital:'Tehran',
+    currency:'IRR', phone:'+98', tld:'.ir', languages:['Persian'],
+    borders:['AF','AM','AZ','IQ','PK','TR','TM'], area:1648195, population:84000000,
+    states:['Tehran','Isfahan','Khorasan Razavi','Fars','Khuzestan','Azerbaijan East',
+            'West Azerbaijan','Alborz','Gilan','Mazandaran'],
+    cities:['Tehran','Mashhad','Isfahan','Karaj','Tabriz','Shiraz','Qom','Ahvaz',
+            'Kermanshah','Urmia'],
+    lat:32.42, lon:53.68 },
+
+  { code:'IQ', name:'Iraq', continent:'Asia', capital:'Baghdad',
+    currency:'IQD', phone:'+964', tld:'.iq', languages:['Arabic','Kurdish'],
+    borders:['IR','JO','KW','SA','SY','TR'], area:438317, population:39000000,
+    states:['Baghdad','Basra','Mosul','Erbil','Sulaymaniyah','Kirkuk','Najaf','Karbala'],
+    cities:['Baghdad','Basra','Mosul','Erbil','Sulaymaniyah','Kirkuk','Najaf','Karbala'],
+    lat:33.22, lon:43.67 },
+
+  { code:'SE2', name:'Senegal', continent:'Africa', capital:'Dakar',
+    currency:'XOF', phone:'+221', tld:'.sn', languages:['French','Wolof'],
+    borders:['GM','GN','GW','ML','MR'], area:196722, population:17000000,
+    states:['Dakar','Thiès','Saint-Louis','Diourbel','Kaolack','Ziguinchor','Louga','Tambacounda'],
+    cities:['Dakar','Touba','Thiès','Rufisque','Kaolack','Ziguinchor','Saint-Louis','Mbour'],
+    lat:14.49, lon:-14.45 },
+
+  { code:'ET', name:'Ethiopia', continent:'Africa', capital:'Addis Ababa',
+    currency:'ETB', phone:'+251', tld:'.et', languages:['Amharic'],
+    borders:['DJ','ER','KE','SO','SS','SD'], area:1104300, population:114000000,
+    states:['Addis Ababa','Oromia','Amhara','Tigray','SNNP','Somali Region','Afar','Dire Dawa'],
+    cities:['Addis Ababa','Dire Dawa','Mek\'ele','Gondar','Adama','Hawassa','Bahir Dar','Dessie'],
+    lat:9.14, lon:40.48 },
+];
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// 9.  Continent → country-code lookup
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+const _CONTINENT_MAP = {
+  // Partial but comprehensive mapping
+  'AF':'Africa','AO':'Africa','BJ':'Africa','BW':'Africa','BF':'Africa','BI':'Africa',
+  'CM':'Africa','CV':'Africa','CF':'Africa','TD':'Africa','KM':'Africa','CG':'Africa',
+  'CD':'Africa','DJ':'Africa','EG':'Africa','GQ':'Africa','ER':'Africa','ET':'Africa',
+  'GA':'Africa','GM':'Africa','GH':'Africa','GN':'Africa','GW':'Africa','CI':'Africa',
+  'KE':'Africa','LS':'Africa','LR':'Africa','LY':'Africa','MG':'Africa','MW':'Africa',
+  'ML':'Africa','MR':'Africa','MU':'Africa','MA':'Africa','MZ':'Africa','NA':'Africa',
+  'NE':'Africa','NG':'Africa','RW':'Africa','ST':'Africa','SN':'Africa','SL':'Africa',
+  'SO':'Africa','ZA':'Africa','SS':'Africa','SD':'Africa','SZ':'Africa','TZ':'Africa',
+  'TG':'Africa','TN':'Africa','UG':'Africa','ZM':'Africa','ZW':'Africa','DZ':'Africa',
+  'CN':'Asia','IN':'Asia','JP':'Asia','KR':'Asia','ID':'Asia','PK':'Asia','BD':'Asia',
+  'TH':'Asia','VN':'Asia','MY':'Asia','PH':'Asia','SG':'Asia','MM':'Asia','KZ':'Asia',
+  'UZ':'Asia','AF':'Asia','SA':'Asia','IR':'Asia','IQ':'Asia','SY':'Asia','TR':'Asia',
+  'AE':'Asia','JO':'Asia','IL':'Asia','LB':'Asia','KW':'Asia','QA':'Asia','BH':'Asia',
+  'OM':'Asia','YE':'Asia','AM':'Asia','AZ':'Asia','GE':'Asia','MN':'Asia','NP':'Asia',
+  'LK':'Asia','KH':'Asia','LA':'Asia','TW':'Asia','HK':'Asia','MO':'Asia',
+  'AL':'Europe','AD':'Europe','AT':'Europe','BY':'Europe','BE':'Europe','BA':'Europe',
+  'BG':'Europe','HR':'Europe','CY':'Europe','CZ':'Europe','DK':'Europe','EE':'Europe',
+  'FI':'Europe','FR':'Europe','DE':'Europe','GR':'Europe','HU':'Europe','IS':'Europe',
+  'IE':'Europe','IT':'Europe','XK':'Europe','LV':'Europe','LI':'Europe','LT':'Europe',
+  'LU':'Europe','MT':'Europe','MD':'Europe','MC':'Europe','ME':'Europe','NL':'Europe',
+  'MK':'Europe','NO':'Europe','PL':'Europe','PT':'Europe','RO':'Europe','RU':'Europe',
+  'SM':'Europe','RS':'Europe','SK':'Europe','SI':'Europe','ES':'Europe','SE':'Europe',
+  'CH':'Europe','UA':'Europe','GB':'Europe','VA':'Europe',
+  'CA':'North America','US':'North America','MX':'North America','GT':'North America',
+  'BZ':'North America','HN':'North America','SV':'North America','NI':'North America',
+  'CR':'North America','PA':'North America','CU':'North America','JM':'North America',
+  'HT':'North America','DO':'North America','PR':'North America','TT':'North America',
+  'BB':'North America','BS':'North America','LC':'North America','VC':'North America',
+  'GD':'North America','AG':'North America','DM':'North America','KN':'North America',
+  'AR':'South America','BO':'South America','BR':'South America','CL':'South America',
+  'CO':'South America','EC':'South America','GY':'South America','PY':'South America',
+  'PE':'South America','SR':'South America','UY':'South America','VE':'South America',
+  'AU':'Oceania','NZ':'Oceania','FJ':'Oceania','PG':'Oceania','SB':'Oceania',
+  'VU':'Oceania','WS':'Oceania','TO':'Oceania','KI':'Oceania','FM':'Oceania',
+  'MH':'Oceania','PW':'Oceania','NR':'Oceania','TV':'Oceania',
+};
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// 10.  Sun rise/set  (Jean Meeus algorithm simplified)
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+function _sunTimes(lat, lon, date) {
+  const J = (date.getTime()/86400000) + 2440587.5;
+  const n = Math.ceil(J - 2451545.0 + 0.0008);
+  const Js = n - lon/360;
+  const M = _mod(357.5291 + 0.98560028*Js, 360);
+  const C = 1.9148*Math.sin(_toRad(M)) + 0.0200*Math.sin(_toRad(2*M)) + 0.0003*Math.sin(_toRad(3*M));
+  const λ = _mod(M + C + 180 + 102.9372, 360);
+  const Jt = 2451545.0 + Js + 0.0053*Math.sin(_toRad(M)) - 0.0069*Math.sin(_toRad(2*λ));
+  const δ = _toDeg(Math.asin(Math.sin(_toRad(λ))*Math.sin(_toRad(23.4397))));
+  const cosH = (Math.sin(_toRad(-0.833)) - Math.sin(_toRad(lat))*Math.sin(_toRad(δ)))
+              / (Math.cos(_toRad(lat))*Math.cos(_toRad(δ)));
+  if (cosH > 1) return { polarNight: true };
+  if (cosH < -1) return { midnightSun: true };
+  const H = _toDeg(Math.acos(cosH));
+  const Jrise = Jt - H/360;
+  const Jset  = Jt + H/360;
+  const fromJ = J => new Date((J - 2440587.5)*86400000);
+  return { sunrise: fromJ(Jrise), sunset: fromJ(Jset) };
+}
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// 11.  Moon phase
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+function _moonPhase(date) {
+  const known = new Date(2000,0,6,18,14,0); // known new moon
+  const diff = (date - known) / (29.530588853 * 86400000);
+  const phase = _mod(diff, 1);
+  const names = ['New Moon','Waxing Crescent','First Quarter','Waxing Gibbous',
+                 'Full Moon','Waning Gibbous','Last Quarter','Waning Crescent'];
+  const idx = Math.floor(phase * 8 + 0.5) % 8;
+  const emoji = ['🌑','🌒','🌓','🌔','🌕','🌖','🌗','🌘'][idx];
+  return { phase, name: names[idx], emoji, illumination: Math.round((1 - Math.cos(phase * 2 * Math.PI))/2*100) };
+}
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// 12.  Magnetic declination  (very simplified WMM approximation)
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+function _magDeclination(lat, lon, year = new Date().getFullYear()) {
+  // Highly simplified first-order approximation — for real use, call NOAA API
+  const t = year - 2020;
+  const dec = -3.1*Math.sin(_toRad(lat+14)) - 0.5*Math.sin(_toRad(lon+45)) + 0.1*t;
+  return +dec.toFixed(2);
+}
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// 13.  Path / polygon helpers
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+function _pathLength(coords) {
+  let total = 0;
+  for (let i = 0; i < coords.length-1; i++) {
+    const [a,b] = [coords[i], coords[i+1]];
+    total += _haversine(a[0],a[1],b[0],b[1]);
+  }
+  return total;
+}
+
+function _rdpSimplify(pts, eps) {
+  if (pts.length < 3) return pts;
+  const [p1, p2] = [pts[0], pts[pts.length-1]];
+  let maxD=0, maxI=0;
+  for (let i=1;i<pts.length-1;i++){
+    const d=_pointLineDistance(pts[i],p1,p2);
+    if(d>maxD){maxD=d;maxI=i;}
+  }
+  if(maxD>eps){
+    const l=_rdpSimplify(pts.slice(0,maxI+1),eps);
+    const r=_rdpSimplify(pts.slice(maxI),eps);
+    return [...l.slice(0,-1),...r];
+  }
+  return [p1,p2];
+}
+
+function _pointLineDistance([lat,lon],[la1,lo1],[la2,lo2]){
+  const A=lat-la1, B=lon-lo1, C=la2-la1, D=lo2-lo1;
+  const dot=A*C+B*D, lenSq=C*C+D*D;
+  const t=lenSq?dot/lenSq:-1;
+  const pLat=t<0?la1:t>1?la2:la1+t*C;
+  const pLon=t<0?lo1:t>1?lo2:lo1+t*D;
+  return _haversine(lat,lon,pLat,pLon);
+}
+
+function _pointInPolygon(lat,lon,polygon){
+  let inside=false;
+  for(let i=0,j=polygon.length-1;i<polygon.length;j=i++){
+    const [xi,yi]=polygon[i],[xj,yj]=polygon[j];
+    if(((yi>lon)!==(yj>lon))&&(lat<(xj-xi)*(lon-yi)/(yj-yi)+xi)) inside=!inside;
+  }
+  return inside;
+}
+
+function _polygonArea(polygon){
+  // Shoelace on sphere (approximate km²)
+  let area=0;
+  for(let i=0;i<polygon.length;i++){
+    const [la1,lo1]=polygon[i],[la2,lo2]=polygon[(i+1)%polygon.length];
+    area+=_toRad(lo2-lo1)*(2+Math.sin(_toRad(la1))+Math.sin(_toRad(la2)));
+  }
+  return Math.abs(area*R_EARTH_KM**2/2);
+}
+
+function _centroid(coords){
+  const n=coords.length;
+  const lat=coords.reduce((s,c)=>s+c[0],0)/n;
+  const lon=coords.reduce((s,c)=>s+c[1],0)/n;
+  return new KitGPSFormat(lat,lon);
+}
+
+function _interpolate(lat1,lon1,lat2,lon2,steps){
+  const pts=[];
+  for(let i=0;i<=steps;i++){
+    const t=i/steps;
+    pts.push(new KitGPSFormat(lat1+(lat2-lat1)*t, lon1+(lon2-lon1)*t));
+  }
+  return pts;
+}
+
+function _greatCircleWaypoints(lat1,lon1,lat2,lon2,n=10){
+  const pts=[];
+  const φ1=_toRad(lat1),λ1=_toRad(lon1),φ2=_toRad(lat2),λ2=_toRad(lon2);
+  const d=2*Math.asin(Math.sqrt(Math.sin((φ2-φ1)/2)**2+Math.cos(φ1)*Math.cos(φ2)*Math.sin((λ2-λ1)/2)**2));
+  for(let i=0;i<=n;i++){
+    const f=i/n;
+    const A=Math.sin((1-f)*d)/Math.sin(d), B=Math.sin(f*d)/Math.sin(d);
+    const x=A*Math.cos(φ1)*Math.cos(λ1)+B*Math.cos(φ2)*Math.cos(λ2);
+    const y=A*Math.cos(φ1)*Math.sin(λ1)+B*Math.cos(φ2)*Math.sin(λ2);
+    const z=A*Math.sin(φ1)+B*Math.sin(φ2);
+    pts.push(new KitGPSFormat(_toDeg(Math.atan2(z,Math.sqrt(x**2+y**2))),_toDeg(Math.atan2(y,x))));
+  }
+  return pts;
+}
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// 14.  GeoJSON / KML / GPX export helpers
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+function _toGeoJSON_LineString(coords, props={}) {
+  return { type:'Feature', properties:props,
+    geometry:{ type:'LineString', coordinates: coords.map(c=>[c[1],c[0]]) }};
+}
+function _toGeoJSON_Polygon(rings, props={}) {
+  return { type:'Feature', properties:props,
+    geometry:{ type:'Polygon', coordinates: rings.map(r=>r.map(c=>[c[1],c[0]])) }};
+}
+function _toGeoJSON_FC(features) { return { type:'FeatureCollection', features }; }
+
+function _toKML(points, name='KitGPS Export') {
+  const placemarks = points.map((p,i)=>
+    `  <Placemark><name>Point ${i+1}</name><Point><coordinates>${p[1]},${p[0]},0</coordinates></Point></Placemark>`
+  ).join('\n');
+  return `<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>\n<kml xmlns="http://www.opengis.net/kml/2.2">\n<Document><name>${name}</name>\n${placemarks}\n</Document>\n</kml>`;
+}
+
+function _toGPX(points, name='KitGPS Export') {
+  const wpts = points.map((p,i)=>
+    `  <wpt lat="${p[0]}" lon="${p[1]}"><name>WP${i+1}</name></wpt>`
+  ).join('\n');
+  return `<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>\n<gpx version="1.1" creator="KitGPS">\n<metadata><name>${name}</name></metadata>\n${wpts}\n</gpx>`;
+}
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// 15.  US ZIP code sample LUT (50 major zips for demo)
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+const _ZIP_LUT = {
+  '10001':{lat:40.748,lon:-73.997,city:'New York',state:'NY'},'90210':{lat:34.090,lon:-118.406,city:'Beverly Hills',state:'CA'},
+  '60601':{lat:41.882,lon:-87.623,city:'Chicago',state:'IL'},'77001':{lat:29.749,lon:-95.367,city:'Houston',state:'TX'},
+  '85001':{lat:33.448,lon:-112.074,city:'Phoenix',state:'AZ'},'19101':{lat:39.952,lon:-75.163,city:'Philadelphia',state:'PA'},
+  '78201':{lat:29.424,lon:-98.493,city:'San Antonio',state:'TX'},'92101':{lat:32.716,lon:-117.161,city:'San Diego',state:'CA'},
+  '75201':{lat:32.780,lon:-96.800,city:'Dallas',state:'TX'},'95101':{lat:37.338,lon:-121.886,city:'San Jose',state:'CA'},
+  '78701':{lat:30.267,lon:-97.743,city:'Austin',state:'TX'},'32099':{lat:30.332,lon:-81.655,city:'Jacksonville',state:'FL'},
+  '76101':{lat:32.755,lon:-97.330,city:'Fort Worth',state:'TX'},'43085':{lat:40.157,lon:-82.998,city:'Columbus',state:'OH'},
+  '28201':{lat:35.227,lon:-80.843,city:'Charlotte',state:'NC'},'94101':{lat:37.775,lon:-122.418,city:'San Francisco',state:'CA'},
+  '46201':{lat:39.768,lon:-86.158,city:'Indianapolis',state:'IN'},'98101':{lat:47.608,lon:-122.335,city:'Seattle',state:'WA'},
+  '80201':{lat:39.740,lon:-104.984,city:'Denver',state:'CO'},'20001':{lat:38.912,lon:-77.013,city:'Washington',state:'DC'},
+  '37201':{lat:36.165,lon:-86.784,city:'Nashville',state:'TN'},'73101':{lat:35.467,lon:-97.516,city:'Oklahoma City',state:'OK'},
+  '88901':{lat:36.176,lon:-115.136,city:'Las Vegas',state:'NV'},'35201':{lat:33.519,lon:-86.812,city:'Birmingham',state:'AL'},
+  '23219':{lat:37.541,lon:-77.434,city:'Richmond',state:'VA'},'30301':{lat:33.749,lon:-84.388,city:'Atlanta',state:'GA'},
+};
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// 16.  Timezone from coord  (simplified offset LUT by longitude band)
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+function _timezoneApprox(lat, lon) {
+  const offset = Math.round(lon / 15);
+  return { offsetHours: offset, utcString: `UTC${offset >= 0 ? '+' : ''}${offset}` };
+}
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// 17.  Main kitgps namespace
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+const kitgps = {
+
+  // ── Version ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  version: '1.0.0',
+
+  // ── Classes & sub-modules ───────────────────────────────────────────────
+  KitGPSFormat,
+  geohash,
+  utm,
+  mgrs,
+  plusCode,
+  w3w,
+
+  // ── Countries array  ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  countries: _RAW_COUNTRIES.map(c => ({ ...c })), // defensive copy
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 1 – IP → Coordinates
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  /**
+   * Resolve an IPv4/IPv6 address to coordinates via ip-api.com (free tier).
+   * Pass null/undefined to auto-detect caller's IP.
+   * @returns {Promise<KitGPSFormat>}
+   */
+  async ipToCoords(ip) {
+    const q = ip ? ip : '';
+    const data = await _fetch(`http://ip-api.com/json/${q}?fields=status,lat,lon,city,regionName,country,countryCode,continent,zip`);
+    if (data.status !== 'success') throw new Error('ip-api: ' + (data.message || 'failed'));
+    return new KitGPSFormat(data.lat, data.lon, {
+      city: data.city, state: data.regionName, country: data.country,
+      countryCode: data.countryCode, continent: data.continent, zip: data.zip,
+    });
+  },
+
+  async ip() {
+    // get the devices ip
+    const data = await _fetch(`https://api.ipify.org?format=json`);
+    return data.ip;
+  },
+
+  domains: {
+    ipify: `https://api.ipify.org?format=json`,
+    ipapi: `http://ip-api.com/json/`,
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 2 – Coordinates → KitGPSFormat
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  /** Create a KitGPSFormat from raw decimal degrees. */
+  fromCoords(lat, lon, meta = {}) { return new KitGPSFormat(lat, lon, meta); },
+
+  /** Create from a [lat,lon] array */
+  fromArray([lat,lon], meta={}) { return new KitGPSFormat(lat, lon, meta); },
+
+  /** Create from a GeoJSON Point feature or geometry */
+  fromGeoJSON(geojson) {
+    const c = geojson.type === 'Feature' ? geojson.geometry.coordinates : geojson.coordinates;
+    return new KitGPSFormat(c[1], c[0]);
+  },
+
+  /** Create from a DMS string  e.g. "40°26′46″N 079°58′56″W" */
+  fromDMS(str) { return _DMSToDecimal(str); },
+
+  /** Create from a geohash string */
+  fromGeohash(h) { return geohash.decode(h); },
+
+  /** Create from a Plus Code */
+  fromPlusCode(code) { return plusCode.decode(code); },
+
+  /** Create from a UTM object or string */
+  fromUTM(u) { return utm.toLatLon(typeof u === 'string' ? (() => {
+    const m=u.match(/(\d+)([A-Z])\s+([\d.]+)E?\s+([\d.]+)N?/i);
+    return {zone:+m[1],band:m[2],easting:+m[3],northing:+m[4]};
+  })() : u); },
+
+  /** Create from MGRS string */
+  fromMGRS(s) { return mgrs.toLatLon(s); },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 3 – Reverse geocoding  (coords → place name)
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  /**
+   * Reverse geocode using Nominatim (OpenStreetMap).
+   * @returns {Promise<KitGPSFormat>}  same point with meta populated
+   */
+  async reverseGeocode(lat, lon) {
+    const url = `https://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/reverse?format=json&lat=${lat}&lon=${lon}&zoom=14&addressdetails=1`;
+    const d = await _fetch(url);
+    const a = d.address || {};
+    const cc = (a.country_code || '').toUpperCase();
+    return new KitGPSFormat(lat, lon, {
+      city:        a.city || a.town || a.village || a.hamlet || a.county || '',
+      state:       a.state || a.region || '',
+      country:     a.country || '',
+      countryCode: cc,
+      continent:   kitgps.continentFromCode(cc),
+      zip:         a.postcode || '',
+      road:        a.road || '',
+      neighbourhood: a.neighbourhood || a.suburb || '',
+      raw:         d,
+    });
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 4 – Forward geocoding  (address → coords)
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  /**
+   * Forward geocode an address string using Nominatim.
+   * @returns {Promise<KitGPSFormat[]>}
+   */
+  async geocode(address) {
+    const url = `https://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/search?q=${encodeURIComponent(address)}&format=json&limit=5&addressdetails=1`;
+    const results = await _fetch(url);
+    return results.map(r => {
+      const a = r.address || {};
+      const cc = (a.country_code || '').toUpperCase();
+      return new KitGPSFormat(+r.lat, +r.lon, {
+        city: a.city || a.town || a.village || '',
+        state: a.state || '',
+        country: a.country || '',
+        countryCode: cc,
+        continent: kitgps.continentFromCode(cc),
+        zip: a.postcode || '',
+        displayName: r.display_name,
+      });
+    });
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 5 – Device location
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  /**
+   * Get the device's current location.
+   * Browser: uses navigator.geolocation.
+   * Node.js fallback: uses IP-based lookup.
+   * @param {PositionOptions} [opts]
+   * @returns {Promise<KitGPSFormat>}
+   */
+  async locate(opts = {}) {
+    if (typeof navigator !== 'undefined' && navigator.geolocation) {
+      return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+        navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(
+          pos => resolve(new KitGPSFormat(pos.coords.latitude, pos.coords.longitude, {
+            accuracy: pos.coords.accuracy,
+            altitude:  pos.coords.altitude,
+            speed:     pos.coords.speed,
+            heading:   pos.coords.heading,
+          })),
+          err => reject(err),
+          { enableHighAccuracy: true, timeout: 10000, maximumAge: 0, ...opts }
+        );
+      });
+    }
+    // Node.js fallback – IP-based
+    return kitgps.ipToCoords(null);
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Watch the device's location continuously (browser only).
+   * @param {Function} callback  called with KitGPSFormat on each update
+   * @param {Function} [errCb]
+   * @returns {number}  watchId to pass to kitgps.clearWatch()
+   */
+  watchLocation(callback, errCb, opts = {}) {
+    if (typeof navigator === 'undefined' || !navigator.geolocation)
+      throw new Error('navigator.geolocation not available');
+    return navigator.geolocation.watchPosition(
+      pos => callback(new KitGPSFormat(pos.coords.latitude, pos.coords.longitude, {
+        accuracy: pos.coords.accuracy, speed: pos.coords.speed, heading: pos.coords.heading,
+      })),
+      errCb,
+      { enableHighAccuracy: true, ...opts }
+    );
+  },
+
+  clearWatch(id) {
+    if (typeof navigator !== 'undefined' && navigator.geolocation)
+      navigator.geolocation.clearWatch(id);
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 6 – Elevation lookup
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  /**
+   * Fetch elevation in metres via Open-Elevation API.
+   * @returns {Promise<number>}
+   */
+  async elevation(lat, lon) {
+    const d = await _fetch(`https://api.open-elevation.com/api/v1/lookup?locations=${lat},${lon}`);
+    return d.results[0].elevation;
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 7 – Distance calculation
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  /**
+   * Distance between two points.
+   * @param {number|KitGPSFormat|[lat,lon]} lat1
+   * @param {number} lon1
+   * @param {number} lat2
+   * @param {number} lon2
+   * @param {'km'|'mi'|'m'|'nm'} [unit='km']
+   * @param {'haversine'|'vincenty'} [method='haversine']
+   */
+  distance(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2, unit='km', method='haversine') {
+    let km;
+    if (lat1 instanceof KitGPSFormat && lon1 instanceof KitGPSFormat) {
+      km = method==='vincenty' ? _vincentyDist(lat1.lat,lat1.lon,lon1.lat,lon1.lon)
+                               : _haversine(lat1.lat,lat1.lon,lon1.lat,lon1.lon);
+    } else {
+      km = method==='vincenty' ? _vincentyDist(lat1,lon1,lat2,lon2)
+                               : _haversine(lat1,lon1,lat2,lon2);
+    }
+    const conv = {km:1, mi:0.621371, m:1000, nm:0.539957};
+    return km * (conv[unit] || 1);
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 8 – Bearing
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  bearing(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2) {
+    const φ1=_toRad(lat1),φ2=_toRad(lat2),Δλ=_toRad(lon2-lon1);
+    const y=Math.sin(Δλ)*Math.cos(φ2);
+    const x=Math.cos(φ1)*Math.sin(φ2)-Math.sin(φ1)*Math.cos(φ2)*Math.cos(Δλ);
+    return _mod(_toDeg(Math.atan2(y,x)), 360);
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 9 – Midpoint
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  midpoint(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2) {
+    const φ1=_toRad(lat1),φ2=_toRad(lat2);
+    const Δλ=_toRad(lon2-lon1);
+    const Bx=Math.cos(φ2)*Math.cos(Δλ), By=Math.cos(φ2)*Math.sin(Δλ);
+    const φm=Math.atan2(Math.sin(φ1)+Math.sin(φ2),Math.sqrt((Math.cos(φ1)+Bx)**2+By**2));
+    const λm=_toRad(lon1)+Math.atan2(By,Math.cos(φ1)+Bx);
+    return new KitGPSFormat(_toDeg(φm), _toDeg(λm));
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 10 – Bounding box
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  /**
+   * Compute bounding box for a set of coordinates.
+   * @param {[lat,lon][]} coords
+   * @returns {{ minLat, minLon, maxLat, maxLon, center }}
+   */
+  boundingBox(coords) {
+    const lats = coords.map(c=>c[0]), lons = coords.map(c=>c[1]);
+    const minLat=Math.min(...lats), maxLat=Math.max(...lats);
+    const minLon=Math.min(...lons), maxLon=Math.max(...lons);
+    return { minLat, minLon, maxLat, maxLon,
+             center: new KitGPSFormat((minLat+maxLat)/2, (minLon+maxLon)/2) };
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 11 – Point in polygon
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  pointInPolygon(lat, lon, polygon) { return _pointInPolygon(lat, lon, polygon); },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 12 – Compass direction string
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  compassDirection(bearing, mode='cardinal') {
+    const cardinals   = ['N','NE','E','SE','S','SW','W','NW'];
+    const ordinals    = ['N','NNE','NE','ENE','E','ESE','SE','SSE','S','SSW','SW','WSW','W','WNW','NW','NNW'];
+    const full = ['North','North-Northeast','Northeast','East-Northeast','East','East-Southeast','Southeast',
+                  'South-Southeast','South','South-Southwest','Southwest','West-Southwest','West',
+                  'West-Northwest','Northwest','North-Northwest'];
+    const b = _mod(bearing, 360);
+    if (mode==='ordinal')  return ordinals[Math.round(b/22.5)%16];
+    if (mode==='full')     return full[Math.round(b/22.5)%16];
+    return cardinals[Math.round(b/45)%8];
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 13 – Speed calculation
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  /**
+   * @param {KitGPSFormat} p1  with .timestamp (ms)
+   * @param {KitGPSFormat} p2  with .timestamp (ms)
+   * @param {'kph'|'mph'|'knots'|'ms'} unit
+   */
+  speed(p1, p2, unit='kph') {
+    const km   = _haversine(p1.lat,p1.lon,p2.lat,p2.lon);
+    const hrs  = Math.abs((p2.timestamp||0)-(p1.timestamp||0)) / 3600000;
+    if (!hrs) return 0;
+    const kph  = km / hrs;
+    const conv = { kph:1, mph:0.621371, knots:0.539957, ms:0.277778 };
+    return +(kph * (conv[unit]||1)).toFixed(4);
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 14 – Coordinate validation & normalization
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  isValidLatLon(lat, lon) {
+    return Number.isFinite(lat) && Number.isFinite(lon) && lat>=-90 && lat<=90 && lon>=-180 && lon<=180;
+  },
+  normalizeLatLon(lat, lon) {
+    return { lat: _clamp(lat,-90,90), lon: ((lon+180)%360+360)%360-180 };
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 15 – DMS ↔ decimal
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  decimalToDMS(lat, lon) { return _decimalToDMS(lat,lon); },
+  decimalToDDM(lat, lon) { return _decimalToDDM(lat,lon); },
+  dmsToDecimal(str)      { return _DMSToDecimal(str); },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 16 – Timezone from coordinates (local approx)
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  timezoneApprox(lat, lon) { return _timezoneApprox(lat, lon); },
+
+  /** Fetch precise timezone via timeapi.io */
+  async timezone(lat, lon) {
+    const d = await _fetch(`https://timeapi.io/api/TimeZone/coordinate?latitude=${lat}&longitude=${lon}`);
+    return { timeZone: d.timeZone, currentLocalTime: d.currentLocalTime, utcOffset: d.currentUtcOffset?.seconds/3600 };
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 17 – Sun rise / set
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  sunTimes(lat, lon, date = new Date()) { return _sunTimes(lat, lon, date); },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 18 – Moon phase
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  moonPhase(date = new Date()) { return _moonPhase(date); },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 19 – Magnetic declination
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  magneticDeclination(lat, lon, year) { return _magDeclination(lat, lon, year); },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 20 – Nearest country lookup
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  nearestCountry(lat, lon) {
+    let best=null, bestDist=Infinity;
+    for (const c of _RAW_COUNTRIES) {
+      const d=_haversine(lat,lon,c.lat,c.lon);
+      if (d<bestDist) { bestDist=d; best=c; }
+    }
+    return { country:best, distanceKm:bestDist };
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 21 – Continent from country code
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  continentFromCode(code) {
+    if (!code) return null;
+    const c = (code||'').toUpperCase();
+    // Check detailed country DB first
+    const found = _RAW_COUNTRIES.find(x=>x.code===c);
+    if (found) return found.continent;
+    return _CONTINENT_MAP[c] || null;
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 22 – Country flag emoji
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  countryFlag(code) {
+    if (!code || code.length!==2) return '🌍';
+    return [...code.toUpperCase()].map(c=>String.fromCodePoint(0x1F1E6-65+c.charCodeAt(0))).join('');
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 23 – Country metadata lookup
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  country(code) {
+    return _RAW_COUNTRIES.find(c=>c.code===(code||'').toUpperCase()) || null;
+  },
+
+  /** Find countries by name (partial, case-insensitive) */
+  searchCountries(query) {
+    const q=query.toLowerCase();
+    return _RAW_COUNTRIES.filter(c=>c.name.toLowerCase().includes(q)||c.code.toLowerCase().includes(q));
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 24 – Cities search
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  /**
+   * Search cities within a given country code, or across all countries.
+   * @returns {Array<{city,country,countryCode}>}
+   */
+  searchCities(query, countryCode) {
+    const q=query.toLowerCase();
+    const pool = countryCode
+      ? (_RAW_COUNTRIES.filter(c=>c.code===(countryCode||'').toUpperCase()))
+      : _RAW_COUNTRIES;
+    const hits=[];
+    for (const c of pool)
+      for (const city of c.cities)
+        if (city.toLowerCase().includes(q)) hits.push({city, country:c.name, countryCode:c.code});
+    return hits;
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 25 – ZIP code → coordinates  (US sample)
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  zipToCoords(zip) {
+    const entry = _ZIP_LUT[String(zip).trim()];
+    if (!entry) return null;
+    return new KitGPSFormat(entry.lat, entry.lon, {
+      city:entry.city, state:entry.state, country:'United States', countryCode:'US',
+      continent:'North America', zip:String(zip),
+    });
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 26 – Coordinate grid generator
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  /**
+   * Generate a lat/lon grid within a bounding box.
+   * @returns {{ latLines:[number], lonLines:[number] }}
+   */
+  grid(minLat=-90,minLon=-180,maxLat=90,maxLon=180,stepDeg=10) {
+    const latLines=[], lonLines=[];
+    for(let l=Math.ceil(minLat/stepDeg)*stepDeg;l<=maxLat;l+=stepDeg) latLines.push(l);
+    for(let l=Math.ceil(minLon/stepDeg)*stepDeg;l<=maxLon;l+=stepDeg) lonLines.push(l);
+    return {latLines, lonLines};
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 27 – Random coordinate generator
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  randomCoord(minLat=-90,maxLat=90,minLon=-180,maxLon=180) {
+    const lat=minLat + Math.random()*(maxLat-minLat);
+    const lon=minLon + Math.random()*(maxLon-minLon);
+    return new KitGPSFormat(lat, lon);
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 28 – Interpolate path
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  interpolate(lat1,lon1,lat2,lon2,steps=10) { return _interpolate(lat1,lon1,lat2,lon2,steps); },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 29 – Simplify path  (Ramer-Douglas-Peucker)
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  /** @param {[lat,lon][]} coords  @param {number} epsilon km */
+  simplifyPath(coords, epsilon=0.1) { return _rdpSimplify(coords, epsilon); },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 30 – Total path length
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  /** @param {[lat,lon][]} coords @param {'km'|'mi'|'m'|'nm'} [unit='km'] */
+  pathLength(coords, unit='km') {
+    const conv={km:1,mi:0.621371,m:1000,nm:0.539957};
+    return _pathLength(coords)*(conv[unit]||1);
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 31 – Polygon area
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  /** @returns {number} area in km² */
+  polygonArea(coords) { return _polygonArea(coords); },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 32 – Centroid of coordinate cluster
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  centroid(coords) { return _centroid(coords); },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 33 – Nearby places filter
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  /**
+   * Filter an array of { lat, lon, ...extras } objects within radiusKm of a center.
+   */
+  nearby(lat, lon, places, radiusKm=10) {
+    return places
+      .map(p => ({ ...p, distanceKm: _haversine(lat,lon,p.lat||p[0],p.lon||p[1]) }))
+      .filter(p => p.distanceKm <= radiusKm)
+      .sort((a,b)=>a.distanceKm-b.distanceKm);
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 34 – Great-circle waypoints
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  greatCircle(lat1,lon1,lat2,lon2,n=10) { return _greatCircleWaypoints(lat1,lon1,lat2,lon2,n); },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 35 – Destination point from bearing + distance
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  /** @param {number} distKm @param {number} bearingDeg */
+  destinationPoint(lat,lon,distKm,bearingDeg) {
+    const φ1=_toRad(lat), λ1=_toRad(lon), θ=_toRad(bearingDeg);
+    const δ=distKm/R_EARTH_KM;
+    const φ2=Math.asin(Math.sin(φ1)*Math.cos(δ)+Math.cos(φ1)*Math.sin(δ)*Math.cos(θ));
+    const λ2=λ1+Math.atan2(Math.sin(θ)*Math.sin(δ)*Math.cos(φ1),Math.cos(δ)-Math.sin(φ1)*Math.sin(φ2));
+    return new KitGPSFormat(_toDeg(φ2), _toDeg(_mod(λ2+Math.PI,2*Math.PI)-Math.PI));
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 36 – Crosstrack & along-track distance
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  crossTrackDistance(lat,lon,startLat,startLon,endLat,endLon) {
+    const d13=_haversine(startLat,startLon,lat,lon)/R_EARTH_KM;
+    const θ13=_toRad(kitgps.bearing(startLat,startLon,lat,lon));
+    const θ12=_toRad(kitgps.bearing(startLat,startLon,endLat,endLon));
+    return Math.asin(Math.sin(d13)*Math.sin(θ13-θ12))*R_EARTH_KM;
+  },
+
+  alongTrackDistance(lat,lon,startLat,startLon,endLat,endLon) {
+    const d13=_haversine(startLat,startLon,lat,lon)/R_EARTH_KM;
+    const dxt=kitgps.crossTrackDistance(lat,lon,startLat,startLon,endLat,endLon)/R_EARTH_KM;
+    return Math.acos(Math.cos(d13)/Math.cos(dxt))*R_EARTH_KM;
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 37 – Intersection of two paths  (Napier's rules)
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  intersection(lat1,lon1,brg1,lat2,lon2,brg2) {
+    const φ1=_toRad(lat1),λ1=_toRad(lon1),φ2=_toRad(lat2),λ2=_toRad(lon2);
+    const θ13=_toRad(brg1),θ23=_toRad(brg2);
+    const Δφ=φ2-φ1,Δλ=λ2-λ1;
+    const δ12=2*Math.asin(Math.sqrt(Math.sin(Δφ/2)**2+Math.cos(φ1)*Math.cos(φ2)*Math.sin(Δλ/2)**2));
+    if(Math.abs(δ12)<Number.EPSILON) return null;
+    const θa=Math.acos((Math.sin(φ2)-Math.sin(φ1)*Math.cos(δ12))/(Math.sin(δ12)*Math.cos(φ1)));
+    const θb=Math.acos((Math.sin(φ1)-Math.sin(φ2)*Math.cos(δ12))/(Math.sin(δ12)*Math.cos(φ2)));
+    const θ12=Math.sin(λ2-λ1)>0?θa:2*Math.PI-θa;
+    const θ21=Math.sin(λ2-λ1)>0?2*Math.PI-θb:θb;
+    const α1=θ13-θ12, α2=θ21-θ23;
+    if(Math.sin(α1)===0&&Math.sin(α2)===0) return null;
+    const α3=Math.acos(-Math.cos(α1)*Math.cos(α2)+Math.sin(α1)*Math.sin(α2)*Math.cos(δ12));
+    const δ13=Math.atan2(Math.sin(δ12)*Math.sin(α1)*Math.sin(α2),Math.cos(α2)+Math.cos(α1)*Math.cos(α3));
+    const φ3=Math.asin(Math.sin(φ1)*Math.cos(δ13)+Math.cos(φ1)*Math.sin(δ13)*Math.cos(θ13));
+    const Δλ13=Math.atan2(Math.sin(θ13)*Math.sin(δ13)*Math.cos(φ1),Math.cos(δ13)-Math.sin(φ1)*Math.sin(φ3));
+    return new KitGPSFormat(_toDeg(φ3), _toDeg(_mod(λ1+Δλ13+Math.PI,2*Math.PI)-Math.PI));
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 38 – Route builder
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  /**
+   * Fluent route / waypoint list.
+   * @example
+   *   const route = kitgps.route()
+   *     .add(48.85, 2.35, 'Paris')
+   *     .add(51.50, -0.12, 'London')
+   *     .summary()
+   */
+  route() {
+    const waypoints = [];
+    const api = {
+      add(lat, lon, name='') {
+        const pt = new KitGPSFormat(lat,lon,{name});
+        pt.name = name;
+        waypoints.push(pt);
+        return api;
+      },
+      waypoints() { return waypoints; },
+      totalDistance(unit='km') {
+        return kitgps.pathLength(waypoints.map(p=>[p.lat,p.lon]),unit);
+      },
+      summary() {
+        const legs=[];
+        for(let i=0;i<waypoints.length-1;i++){
+          const [a,b]=[waypoints[i],waypoints[i+1]];
+          legs.push({
+            from:a.name||a.toDecimal(), to:b.name||b.toDecimal(),
+            distanceKm:_haversine(a.lat,a.lon,b.lat,b.lon),
+            bearing:kitgps.bearing(a.lat,a.lon,b.lat,b.lon),
+          });
+        }
+        return { waypoints: waypoints.length, legs, totalKm: api.totalDistance('km') };
+      },
+      toGeoJSON() { return _toGeoJSON_LineString(waypoints.map(p=>[p.lat,p.lon])); },
+      toKML(name)  { return _toKML(waypoints.map(p=>[p.lat,p.lon]),name); },
+      toGPX(name)  { return _toGPX(waypoints.map(p=>[p.lat,p.lon]),name); },
+    };
+    return api;
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 39 – GeoJSON helpers
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  geoJSON: {
+    point(lat,lon,props={})      { return { type:'Feature', properties:props, geometry:{ type:'Point', coordinates:[lon,lat] } }; },
+    lineString(coords,props={})  { return _toGeoJSON_LineString(coords,props); },
+    polygon(rings,props={})      { return _toGeoJSON_Polygon(rings,props); },
+    featureCollection(features)  { return _toGeoJSON_FC(features); },
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 40 – KML / GPX export
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  toKML(points, name) { return _toKML(points.map(p=>Array.isArray(p)?p:[p.lat,p.lon]),name); },
+  toGPX(points, name) { return _toGPX(points.map(p=>Array.isArray(p)?p:[p.lat,p.lon]),name); },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 41 – W3W-style offline word encoding
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  toWordAddress(lat,lon)   { return w3w.encode(lat,lon); },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 42 – Magnetic declination
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // (alias – declared above under FEATURE 19)
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 43 – Convert coordinate units in bulk
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  /**
+   * Bulk-convert an array of decimal [lat,lon] pairs to a target format.
+   * @param {[lat,lon][]} coords
+   * @param {'dms'|'ddm'|'geohash'|'utm'|'mgrs'|'pluscode'|'decimal'} to
+   */
+  bulkConvert(coords, to) {
+    return coords.map(([lat,lon]) => {
+      const pt = new KitGPSFormat(lat,lon);
+      switch(to){
+        case 'dms':      return pt.toDMS();
+        case 'ddm':      return pt.toDDM();
+        case 'geohash':  return pt.toGeohash();
+        case 'utm':      return pt.toUTM();
+        case 'mgrs':     return pt.toMGRS();
+        case 'pluscode': return pt.toPlusCode();
+        default:         return pt.toDecimal();
+      }
+    });
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 44 – Hemisphere & antipode
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  hemisphere(lat, lon) {
+    return {
+      latHemisphere:  lat >= 0 ? 'Northern' : 'Southern',
+      lonHemisphere:  lon >= 0 ? 'Eastern'  : 'Western',
+    };
+  },
+
+  antipode(lat, lon) {
+    return new KitGPSFormat(-lat, lon > 0 ? lon-180 : lon+180);
+  },
+
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  // FEATURE 45 – Parse any coordinate string (auto-detect format)
+  // ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  parse(input) {
+    if (typeof input !== 'string') throw new TypeError('Expected string');
+    const s = input.trim();
+    // Geohash? (all lowercase base32, length 4-12)
+    if (/^[0-9bcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxyz]{4,12}$/i.test(s) && !s.includes(','))
+      return geohash.decode(s.toLowerCase());
+    // Plus code?
+    if (/^[23456789CFGHJMPQRVWX]+\+[23456789CFGHJMPQRVWX]*$/i.test(s))
+      return plusCode.decode(s.toUpperCase());
+    // DMS?
+    if (/[°d′'″"NSEW]/i.test(s)) return _DMSToDecimal(s);
+    // "lat, lon" decimal?
+    const m = s.match(/^(-?[\d.]+)\s*[,\s]\s*(-?[\d.]+)$/);
+    if (m) return new KitGPSFormat(+m[1],+m[2]);
+    // ISO 6709?
+    const iso = s.match(/^([+-][\d.]+)([+-][\d.]+)\/?$/);
+    if (iso) return new KitGPSFormat(+iso[1],+iso[2]);
+    throw new Error('KitGPS: unable to parse coordinate string: '+s);
+  },
+
+};
+
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// 18.  Exports
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+let kitdef = {};
+kitdef = kitgps;
+kitdef.default      = kitgps;
+kitdef.KitGPSFormat = KitGPSFormat;
+kitdef.geohash      = geohash;
+kitdef.utm          = utm;
+kitdef.mgrs         = mgrs;
+kitdef.plusCode     = plusCode;
+kitdef.w3w          = w3w;
+module.exports={ kitdef };