nova-bridgeye 0.1.0 → 0.1.3

package/.venv_build/Lib/site-packages/prompt_toolkit/buffer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2029 @@
+"""
+Data structures for the Buffer.
+It holds the text, cursor position, history, etc...
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+import shlex
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+import tempfile
+from collections import deque
+from enum import Enum
+from functools import wraps
+from typing import Any, Callable, Coroutine, Iterable, TypeVar, cast
+
+from .application.current import get_app
+from .application.run_in_terminal import run_in_terminal
+from .auto_suggest import AutoSuggest, Suggestion
+from .cache import FastDictCache
+from .clipboard import ClipboardData
+from .completion import (
+    CompleteEvent,
+    Completer,
+    Completion,
+    DummyCompleter,
+    get_common_complete_suffix,
+)
+from .document import Document
+from .eventloop import aclosing
+from .filters import FilterOrBool, to_filter
+from .history import History, InMemoryHistory
+from .search import SearchDirection, SearchState
+from .selection import PasteMode, SelectionState, SelectionType
+from .utils import Event, to_str
+from .validation import ValidationError, Validator
+
+__all__ = [
+    "EditReadOnlyBuffer",
+    "Buffer",
+    "CompletionState",
+    "indent",
+    "unindent",
+    "reshape_text",
+]
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class EditReadOnlyBuffer(Exception):
+    "Attempt editing of read-only :class:`.Buffer`."
+
+
+class ValidationState(Enum):
+    "The validation state of a buffer. This is set after the validation."
+
+    VALID = "VALID"
+    INVALID = "INVALID"
+    UNKNOWN = "UNKNOWN"
+
+
+class CompletionState:
+    """
+    Immutable class that contains a completion state.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        original_document: Document,
+        completions: list[Completion] | None = None,
+        complete_index: int | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        #: Document as it was when the completion started.
+        self.original_document = original_document
+
+        #: List of all the current Completion instances which are possible at
+        #: this point.
+        self.completions = completions or []
+
+        #: Position in the `completions` array.
+        #: This can be `None` to indicate "no completion", the original text.
+        self.complete_index = complete_index  # Position in the `_completions` array.
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self.__class__.__name__}({self.original_document!r}, <{len(self.completions)!r}> completions, index={self.complete_index!r})"
+
+    def go_to_index(self, index: int | None) -> None:
+        """
+        Create a new :class:`.CompletionState` object with the new index.
+
+        When `index` is `None` deselect the completion.
+        """
+        if self.completions:
+            assert index is None or 0 <= index < len(self.completions)
+            self.complete_index = index
+
+    def new_text_and_position(self) -> tuple[str, int]:
+        """
+        Return (new_text, new_cursor_position) for this completion.
+        """
+        if self.complete_index is None:
+            return self.original_document.text, self.original_document.cursor_position
+        else:
+            original_text_before_cursor = self.original_document.text_before_cursor
+            original_text_after_cursor = self.original_document.text_after_cursor
+
+            c = self.completions[self.complete_index]
+            if c.start_position == 0:
+                before = original_text_before_cursor
+            else:
+                before = original_text_before_cursor[: c.start_position]
+
+            new_text = before + c.text + original_text_after_cursor
+            new_cursor_position = len(before) + len(c.text)
+            return new_text, new_cursor_position
+
+    @property
+    def current_completion(self) -> Completion | None:
+        """
+        Return the current completion, or return `None` when no completion is
+        selected.
+        """
+        if self.complete_index is not None:
+            return self.completions[self.complete_index]
+        return None
+
+
+_QUOTED_WORDS_RE = re.compile(r"""(\s+|".*?"|'.*?')""")
+
+
+class YankNthArgState:
+    """
+    For yank-last-arg/yank-nth-arg: Keep track of where we are in the history.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, history_position: int = 0, n: int = -1, previous_inserted_word: str = ""
+    ) -> None:
+        self.history_position = history_position
+        self.previous_inserted_word = previous_inserted_word
+        self.n = n
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self.__class__.__name__}(history_position={self.history_position!r}, n={self.n!r}, previous_inserted_word={self.previous_inserted_word!r})"
+
+
+BufferEventHandler = Callable[["Buffer"], None]
+BufferAcceptHandler = Callable[["Buffer"], bool]
+
+
+class Buffer:
+    """
+    The core data structure that holds the text and cursor position of the
+    current input line and implements all text manipulations on top of it. It
+    also implements the history, undo stack and the completion state.
+
+    :param completer: :class:`~prompt_toolkit.completion.Completer` instance.
+    :param history: :class:`~prompt_toolkit.history.History` instance.
+    :param tempfile_suffix: The tempfile suffix (extension) to be used for the
+        "open in editor" function. For a Python REPL, this would be ".py", so
+        that the editor knows the syntax highlighting to use. This can also be
+        a callable that returns a string.
+    :param tempfile: For more advanced tempfile situations where you need
+        control over the subdirectories and filename. For a Git Commit Message,
+        this would be ".git/COMMIT_EDITMSG", so that the editor knows the syntax
+        highlighting to use. This can also be a callable that returns a string.
+    :param name: Name for this buffer. E.g. DEFAULT_BUFFER. This is mostly
+        useful for key bindings where we sometimes prefer to refer to a buffer
+        by their name instead of by reference.
+    :param accept_handler: Called when the buffer input is accepted. (Usually
+        when the user presses `enter`.) The accept handler receives this
+        `Buffer` as input and should return True when the buffer text should be
+        kept instead of calling reset.
+
+        In case of a `PromptSession` for instance, we want to keep the text,
+        because we will exit the application, and only reset it during the next
+        run.
+    :param max_number_of_completions: Never display more than this number of
+        completions, even when the completer can produce more (limited by
+        default to 10k for performance).
+
+    Events:
+
+    :param on_text_changed: When the buffer text changes. (Callable or None.)
+    :param on_text_insert: When new text is inserted. (Callable or None.)
+    :param on_cursor_position_changed: When the cursor moves. (Callable or None.)
+    :param on_completions_changed: When the completions were changed. (Callable or None.)
+    :param on_suggestion_set: When an auto-suggestion text has been set. (Callable or None.)
+
+    Filters:
+
+    :param complete_while_typing: :class:`~prompt_toolkit.filters.Filter`
+        or `bool`. Decide whether or not to do asynchronous autocompleting while
+        typing.
+    :param validate_while_typing: :class:`~prompt_toolkit.filters.Filter`
+        or `bool`. Decide whether or not to do asynchronous validation while
+        typing.
+    :param enable_history_search: :class:`~prompt_toolkit.filters.Filter` or
+        `bool` to indicate when up-arrow partial string matching is enabled. It
+        is advised to not enable this at the same time as
+        `complete_while_typing`, because when there is an autocompletion found,
+        the up arrows usually browse through the completions, rather than
+        through the history.
+    :param read_only: :class:`~prompt_toolkit.filters.Filter`. When True,
+        changes will not be allowed.
+    :param multiline: :class:`~prompt_toolkit.filters.Filter` or `bool`. When
+        not set, pressing `Enter` will call the `accept_handler`.  Otherwise,
+        pressing `Esc-Enter` is required.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        completer: Completer | None = None,
+        auto_suggest: AutoSuggest | None = None,
+        history: History | None = None,
+        validator: Validator | None = None,
+        tempfile_suffix: str | Callable[[], str] = "",
+        tempfile: str | Callable[[], str] = "",
+        name: str = "",
+        complete_while_typing: FilterOrBool = False,
+        validate_while_typing: FilterOrBool = False,
+        enable_history_search: FilterOrBool = False,
+        document: Document | None = None,
+        accept_handler: BufferAcceptHandler | None = None,
+        read_only: FilterOrBool = False,
+        multiline: FilterOrBool = True,
+        max_number_of_completions: int = 10000,
+        on_text_changed: BufferEventHandler | None = None,
+        on_text_insert: BufferEventHandler | None = None,
+        on_cursor_position_changed: BufferEventHandler | None = None,
+        on_completions_changed: BufferEventHandler | None = None,
+        on_suggestion_set: BufferEventHandler | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        # Accept both filters and booleans as input.
+        enable_history_search = to_filter(enable_history_search)
+        complete_while_typing = to_filter(complete_while_typing)
+        validate_while_typing = to_filter(validate_while_typing)
+        read_only = to_filter(read_only)
+        multiline = to_filter(multiline)
+
+        self.completer = completer or DummyCompleter()
+        self.auto_suggest = auto_suggest
+        self.validator = validator
+        self.tempfile_suffix = tempfile_suffix
+        self.tempfile = tempfile
+        self.name = name
+        self.accept_handler = accept_handler
+
+        # Filters. (Usually, used by the key bindings to drive the buffer.)
+        self.complete_while_typing = complete_while_typing
+        self.validate_while_typing = validate_while_typing
+        self.enable_history_search = enable_history_search
+        self.read_only = read_only
+        self.multiline = multiline
+        self.max_number_of_completions = max_number_of_completions
+
+        # Text width. (For wrapping, used by the Vi 'gq' operator.)
+        self.text_width = 0
+
+        #: The command buffer history.
+        # Note that we shouldn't use a lazy 'or' here. bool(history) could be
+        # False when empty.
+        self.history = InMemoryHistory() if history is None else history
+
+        self.__cursor_position = 0
+
+        # Events
+        self.on_text_changed: Event[Buffer] = Event(self, on_text_changed)
+        self.on_text_insert: Event[Buffer] = Event(self, on_text_insert)
+        self.on_cursor_position_changed: Event[Buffer] = Event(
+            self, on_cursor_position_changed
+        )
+        self.on_completions_changed: Event[Buffer] = Event(self, on_completions_changed)
+        self.on_suggestion_set: Event[Buffer] = Event(self, on_suggestion_set)
+
+        # Document cache. (Avoid creating new Document instances.)
+        self._document_cache: FastDictCache[
+            tuple[str, int, SelectionState | None], Document
+        ] = FastDictCache(Document, size=10)
+
+        # Create completer / auto suggestion / validation coroutines.
+        self._async_suggester = self._create_auto_suggest_coroutine()
+        self._async_completer = self._create_completer_coroutine()
+        self._async_validator = self._create_auto_validate_coroutine()
+
+        # Asyncio task for populating the history.
+        self._load_history_task: asyncio.Future[None] | None = None
+
+        # Reset other attributes.
+        self.reset(document=document)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        if len(self.text) < 15:
+            text = self.text
+        else:
+            text = self.text[:12] + "..."
+
+        return f"<Buffer(name={self.name!r}, text={text!r}) at {id(self)!r}>"
+
+    def reset(
+        self, document: Document | None = None, append_to_history: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        :param append_to_history: Append current input to history first.
+        """
+        if append_to_history:
+            self.append_to_history()
+
+        document = document or Document()
+
+        self.__cursor_position = document.cursor_position
+
+        # `ValidationError` instance. (Will be set when the input is wrong.)
+        self.validation_error: ValidationError | None = None
+        self.validation_state: ValidationState | None = ValidationState.UNKNOWN
+
+        # State of the selection.
+        self.selection_state: SelectionState | None = None
+
+        # Multiple cursor mode. (When we press 'I' or 'A' in visual-block mode,
+        # we can insert text on multiple lines at once. This is implemented by
+        # using multiple cursors.)
+        self.multiple_cursor_positions: list[int] = []
+
+        # When doing consecutive up/down movements, prefer to stay at this column.
+        self.preferred_column: int | None = None
+
+        # State of complete browser
+        # For interactive completion through Ctrl-N/Ctrl-P.
+        self.complete_state: CompletionState | None = None
+
+        # State of Emacs yank-nth-arg completion.
+        self.yank_nth_arg_state: YankNthArgState | None = None  # for yank-nth-arg.
+
+        # Remember the document that we had *right before* the last paste
+        # operation. This is used for rotating through the kill ring.
+        self.document_before_paste: Document | None = None
+
+        # Current suggestion.
+        self.suggestion: Suggestion | None = None
+
+        # The history search text. (Used for filtering the history when we
+        # browse through it.)
+        self.history_search_text: str | None = None
+
+        # Undo/redo stacks (stack of `(text, cursor_position)`).
+        self._undo_stack: list[tuple[str, int]] = []
+        self._redo_stack: list[tuple[str, int]] = []
+
+        # Cancel history loader. If history loading was still ongoing.
+        # Cancel the `_load_history_task`, so that next repaint of the
+        # `BufferControl` we will repopulate it.
+        if self._load_history_task is not None:
+            self._load_history_task.cancel()
+        self._load_history_task = None
+
+        #: The working lines. Similar to history, except that this can be
+        #: modified. The user can press arrow_up and edit previous entries.
+        #: Ctrl-C should reset this, and copy the whole history back in here.
+        #: Enter should process the current command and append to the real
+        #: history.
+        self._working_lines: deque[str] = deque([document.text])
+        self.__working_index = 0
+
+    def load_history_if_not_yet_loaded(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Create task for populating the buffer history (if not yet done).
+
+        Note::
+
+            This needs to be called from within the event loop of the
+            application, because history loading is async, and we need to be
+            sure the right event loop is active. Therefor, we call this method
+            in the `BufferControl.create_content`.
+
+            There are situations where prompt_toolkit applications are created
+            in one thread, but will later run in a different thread (Ptpython
+            is one example. The REPL runs in a separate thread, in order to
+            prevent interfering with a potential different event loop in the
+            main thread. The REPL UI however is still created in the main
+            thread.) We could decide to not support creating prompt_toolkit
+            objects in one thread and running the application in a different
+            thread, but history loading is the only place where it matters, and
+            this solves it.
+        """
+        if self._load_history_task is None:
+
+            async def load_history() -> None:
+                async for item in self.history.load():
+                    self._working_lines.appendleft(item)
+                    self.__working_index += 1
+
+            self._load_history_task = get_app().create_background_task(load_history())
+
+            def load_history_done(f: asyncio.Future[None]) -> None:
+                """
+                Handle `load_history` result when either done, cancelled, or
+                when an exception was raised.
+                """
+                try:
+                    f.result()
+                except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                    # Ignore cancellation. But handle it, so that we don't get
+                    # this traceback.
+                    pass
+                except GeneratorExit:
+                    # Probably not needed, but we had situations where
+                    # `GeneratorExit` was raised in `load_history` during
+                    # cancellation.
+                    pass
+                except BaseException:
+                    # Log error if something goes wrong. (We don't have a
+                    # caller to which we can propagate this exception.)
+                    logger.exception("Loading history failed")
+
+            self._load_history_task.add_done_callback(load_history_done)
+
+    # <getters/setters>
+
+    def _set_text(self, value: str) -> bool:
+        """set text at current working_index. Return whether it changed."""
+        working_index = self.working_index
+        working_lines = self._working_lines
+
+        original_value = working_lines[working_index]
+        working_lines[working_index] = value
+
+        # Return True when this text has been changed.
+        if len(value) != len(original_value):
+            # For Python 2, it seems that when two strings have a different
+            # length and one is a prefix of the other, Python still scans
+            # character by character to see whether the strings are different.
+            # (Some benchmarking showed significant differences for big
+            # documents. >100,000 of lines.)
+            return True
+        elif value != original_value:
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    def _set_cursor_position(self, value: int) -> bool:
+        """Set cursor position. Return whether it changed."""
+        original_position = self.__cursor_position
+        self.__cursor_position = max(0, value)
+
+        return self.__cursor_position != original_position
+
+    @property
+    def text(self) -> str:
+        return self._working_lines[self.working_index]
+
+    @text.setter
+    def text(self, value: str) -> None:
+        """
+        Setting text. (When doing this, make sure that the cursor_position is
+        valid for this text. text/cursor_position should be consistent at any time,
+        otherwise set a Document instead.)
+        """
+        # Ensure cursor position remains within the size of the text.
+        if self.cursor_position > len(value):
+            self.cursor_position = len(value)
+
+        # Don't allow editing of read-only buffers.
+        if self.read_only():
+            raise EditReadOnlyBuffer()
+
+        changed = self._set_text(value)
+
+        if changed:
+            self._text_changed()
+
+            # Reset history search text.
+            # (Note that this doesn't need to happen when working_index
+            #  changes, which is when we traverse the history. That's why we
+            #  don't do this in `self._text_changed`.)
+            self.history_search_text = None
+
+    @property
+    def cursor_position(self) -> int:
+        return self.__cursor_position
+
+    @cursor_position.setter
+    def cursor_position(self, value: int) -> None:
+        """
+        Setting cursor position.
+        """
+        assert isinstance(value, int)
+
+        # Ensure cursor position is within the size of the text.
+        if value > len(self.text):
+            value = len(self.text)
+        if value < 0:
+            value = 0
+
+        changed = self._set_cursor_position(value)
+
+        if changed:
+            self._cursor_position_changed()
+
+    @property
+    def working_index(self) -> int:
+        return self.__working_index
+
+    @working_index.setter
+    def working_index(self, value: int) -> None:
+        if self.__working_index != value:
+            self.__working_index = value
+            # Make sure to reset the cursor position, otherwise we end up in
+            # situations where the cursor position is out of the bounds of the
+            # text.
+            self.cursor_position = 0
+            self._text_changed()
+
+    def _text_changed(self) -> None:
+        # Remove any validation errors and complete state.
+        self.validation_error = None
+        self.validation_state = ValidationState.UNKNOWN
+        self.complete_state = None
+        self.yank_nth_arg_state = None
+        self.document_before_paste = None
+        self.selection_state = None
+        self.suggestion = None
+        self.preferred_column = None
+
+        # fire 'on_text_changed' event.
+        self.on_text_changed.fire()
+
+        # Input validation.
+        # (This happens on all change events, unlike auto completion, also when
+        # deleting text.)
+        if self.validator and self.validate_while_typing():
+            get_app().create_background_task(self._async_validator())
+
+    def _cursor_position_changed(self) -> None:
+        # Remove any complete state.
+        # (Input validation should only be undone when the cursor position
+        # changes.)
+        self.complete_state = None
+        self.yank_nth_arg_state = None
+        self.document_before_paste = None
+
+        # Unset preferred_column. (Will be set after the cursor movement, if
+        # required.)
+        self.preferred_column = None
+
+        # Note that the cursor position can change if we have a selection the
+        # new position of the cursor determines the end of the selection.
+
+        # fire 'on_cursor_position_changed' event.
+        self.on_cursor_position_changed.fire()
+
+    @property
+    def document(self) -> Document:
+        """
+        Return :class:`~prompt_toolkit.document.Document` instance from the
+        current text, cursor position and selection state.
+        """
+        return self._document_cache[
+            self.text, self.cursor_position, self.selection_state
+        ]
+
+    @document.setter
+    def document(self, value: Document) -> None:
+        """
+        Set :class:`~prompt_toolkit.document.Document` instance.
+
+        This will set both the text and cursor position at the same time, but
+        atomically. (Change events will be triggered only after both have been set.)
+        """
+        self.set_document(value)
+
+    def set_document(self, value: Document, bypass_readonly: bool = False) -> None:
+        """
+        Set :class:`~prompt_toolkit.document.Document` instance. Like the
+        ``document`` property, but accept an ``bypass_readonly`` argument.
+
+        :param bypass_readonly: When True, don't raise an
+                                :class:`.EditReadOnlyBuffer` exception, even
+                                when the buffer is read-only.
+
+        .. warning::
+
+            When this buffer is read-only and `bypass_readonly` was not passed,
+            the `EditReadOnlyBuffer` exception will be caught by the
+            `KeyProcessor` and is silently suppressed. This is important to
+            keep in mind when writing key bindings, because it won't do what
+            you expect, and there won't be a stack trace. Use try/finally
+            around this function if you need some cleanup code.
+        """
+        # Don't allow editing of read-only buffers.
+        if not bypass_readonly and self.read_only():
+            raise EditReadOnlyBuffer()
+
+        # Set text and cursor position first.
+        text_changed = self._set_text(value.text)
+        cursor_position_changed = self._set_cursor_position(value.cursor_position)
+
+        # Now handle change events. (We do this when text/cursor position is
+        # both set and consistent.)
+        if text_changed:
+            self._text_changed()
+            self.history_search_text = None
+
+        if cursor_position_changed:
+            self._cursor_position_changed()
+
+    @property
+    def is_returnable(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        True when there is something handling accept.
+        """
+        return bool(self.accept_handler)
+
+    # End of <getters/setters>
+
+    def save_to_undo_stack(self, clear_redo_stack: bool = True) -> None:
+        """
+        Safe current state (input text and cursor position), so that we can
+        restore it by calling undo.
+        """
+        # Safe if the text is different from the text at the top of the stack
+        # is different. If the text is the same, just update the cursor position.
+        if self._undo_stack and self._undo_stack[-1][0] == self.text:
+            self._undo_stack[-1] = (self._undo_stack[-1][0], self.cursor_position)
+        else:
+            self._undo_stack.append((self.text, self.cursor_position))
+
+        # Saving anything to the undo stack, clears the redo stack.
+        if clear_redo_stack:
+            self._redo_stack = []
+
+    def transform_lines(
+        self,
+        line_index_iterator: Iterable[int],
+        transform_callback: Callable[[str], str],
+    ) -> str:
+        """
+        Transforms the text on a range of lines.
+        When the iterator yield an index not in the range of lines that the
+        document contains, it skips them silently.
+
+        To uppercase some lines::
+
+            new_text = transform_lines(range(5,10), lambda text: text.upper())
+
+        :param line_index_iterator: Iterator of line numbers (int)
+        :param transform_callback: callable that takes the original text of a
+                                   line, and return the new text for this line.
+
+        :returns: The new text.
+        """
+        # Split lines
+        lines = self.text.split("\n")
+
+        # Apply transformation
+        for index in line_index_iterator:
+            try:
+                lines[index] = transform_callback(lines[index])
+            except IndexError:
+                pass
+
+        return "\n".join(lines)
+
+    def transform_current_line(self, transform_callback: Callable[[str], str]) -> None:
+        """
+        Apply the given transformation function to the current line.
+
+        :param transform_callback: callable that takes a string and return a new string.
+        """
+        document = self.document
+        a = document.cursor_position + document.get_start_of_line_position()
+        b = document.cursor_position + document.get_end_of_line_position()
+        self.text = (
+            document.text[:a]
+            + transform_callback(document.text[a:b])
+            + document.text[b:]
+        )
+
+    def transform_region(
+        self, from_: int, to: int, transform_callback: Callable[[str], str]
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Transform a part of the input string.
+
+        :param from_: (int) start position.
+        :param to: (int) end position.
+        :param transform_callback: Callable which accepts a string and returns
+            the transformed string.
+        """
+        assert from_ < to
+
+        self.text = "".join(
+            [
+                self.text[:from_]
+                + transform_callback(self.text[from_:to])
+                + self.text[to:]
+            ]
+        )
+
+    def cursor_left(self, count: int = 1) -> None:
+        self.cursor_position += self.document.get_cursor_left_position(count=count)
+
+    def cursor_right(self, count: int = 1) -> None:
+        self.cursor_position += self.document.get_cursor_right_position(count=count)
+
+    def cursor_up(self, count: int = 1) -> None:
+        """(for multiline edit). Move cursor to the previous line."""
+        original_column = self.preferred_column or self.document.cursor_position_col
+        self.cursor_position += self.document.get_cursor_up_position(
+            count=count, preferred_column=original_column
+        )
+
+        # Remember the original column for the next up/down movement.
+        self.preferred_column = original_column
+
+    def cursor_down(self, count: int = 1) -> None:
+        """(for multiline edit). Move cursor to the next line."""
+        original_column = self.preferred_column or self.document.cursor_position_col
+        self.cursor_position += self.document.get_cursor_down_position(
+            count=count, preferred_column=original_column
+        )
+
+        # Remember the original column for the next up/down movement.
+        self.preferred_column = original_column
+
+    def auto_up(
+        self, count: int = 1, go_to_start_of_line_if_history_changes: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        If we're not on the first line (of a multiline input) go a line up,
+        otherwise go back in history. (If nothing is selected.)
+        """
+        if self.complete_state:
+            self.complete_previous(count=count)
+        elif self.document.cursor_position_row > 0:
+            self.cursor_up(count=count)
+        elif not self.selection_state:
+            self.history_backward(count=count)
+
+            # Go to the start of the line?
+            if go_to_start_of_line_if_history_changes:
+                self.cursor_position += self.document.get_start_of_line_position()
+
+    def auto_down(
+        self, count: int = 1, go_to_start_of_line_if_history_changes: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        If we're not on the last line (of a multiline input) go a line down,
+        otherwise go forward in history. (If nothing is selected.)
+        """
+        if self.complete_state:
+            self.complete_next(count=count)
+        elif self.document.cursor_position_row < self.document.line_count - 1:
+            self.cursor_down(count=count)
+        elif not self.selection_state:
+            self.history_forward(count=count)
+
+            # Go to the start of the line?
+            if go_to_start_of_line_if_history_changes:
+                self.cursor_position += self.document.get_start_of_line_position()
+
+    def delete_before_cursor(self, count: int = 1) -> str:
+        """
+        Delete specified number of characters before cursor and return the
+        deleted text.
+        """
+        assert count >= 0
+        deleted = ""
+
+        if self.cursor_position > 0:
+            deleted = self.text[self.cursor_position - count : self.cursor_position]
+
+            new_text = (
+                self.text[: self.cursor_position - count]
+                + self.text[self.cursor_position :]
+            )
+            new_cursor_position = self.cursor_position - len(deleted)
+
+            # Set new Document atomically.
+            self.document = Document(new_text, new_cursor_position)
+
+        return deleted
+
+    def delete(self, count: int = 1) -> str:
+        """
+        Delete specified number of characters and Return the deleted text.
+        """
+        if self.cursor_position < len(self.text):
+            deleted = self.document.text_after_cursor[:count]
+            self.text = (
+                self.text[: self.cursor_position]
+                + self.text[self.cursor_position + len(deleted) :]
+            )
+            return deleted
+        else:
+            return ""
+
+    def join_next_line(self, separator: str = " ") -> None:
+        """
+        Join the next line to the current one by deleting the line ending after
+        the current line.
+        """
+        if not self.document.on_last_line:
+            self.cursor_position += self.document.get_end_of_line_position()
+            self.delete()
+
+            # Remove spaces.
+            self.text = (
+                self.document.text_before_cursor
+                + separator
+                + self.document.text_after_cursor.lstrip(" ")
+            )
+
+    def join_selected_lines(self, separator: str = " ") -> None:
+        """
+        Join the selected lines.
+        """
+        assert self.selection_state
+
+        # Get lines.
+        from_, to = sorted(
+            [self.cursor_position, self.selection_state.original_cursor_position]
+        )
+
+        before = self.text[:from_]
+        lines = self.text[from_:to].splitlines()
+        after = self.text[to:]
+
+        # Replace leading spaces with just one space.
+        lines = [l.lstrip(" ") + separator for l in lines]
+
+        # Set new document.
+        self.document = Document(
+            text=before + "".join(lines) + after,
+            cursor_position=len(before + "".join(lines[:-1])) - 1,
+        )
+
+    def swap_characters_before_cursor(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Swap the last two characters before the cursor.
+        """
+        pos = self.cursor_position
+
+        if pos >= 2:
+            a = self.text[pos - 2]
+            b = self.text[pos - 1]
+
+            self.text = self.text[: pos - 2] + b + a + self.text[pos:]
+
+    def go_to_history(self, index: int) -> None:
+        """
+        Go to this item in the history.
+        """
+        if index < len(self._working_lines):
+            self.working_index = index
+            self.cursor_position = len(self.text)
+
+    def complete_next(self, count: int = 1, disable_wrap_around: bool = False) -> None:
+        """
+        Browse to the next completions.
+        (Does nothing if there are no completion.)
+        """
+        index: int | None
+
+        if self.complete_state:
+            completions_count = len(self.complete_state.completions)
+
+            if self.complete_state.complete_index is None:
+                index = 0
+            elif self.complete_state.complete_index == completions_count - 1:
+                index = None
+
+                if disable_wrap_around:
+                    return
+            else:
+                index = min(
+                    completions_count - 1, self.complete_state.complete_index + count
+                )
+            self.go_to_completion(index)
+
+    def complete_previous(
+        self, count: int = 1, disable_wrap_around: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Browse to the previous completions.
+        (Does nothing if there are no completion.)
+        """
+        index: int | None
+
+        if self.complete_state:
+            if self.complete_state.complete_index == 0:
+                index = None
+
+                if disable_wrap_around:
+                    return
+            elif self.complete_state.complete_index is None:
+                index = len(self.complete_state.completions) - 1
+            else:
+                index = max(0, self.complete_state.complete_index - count)
+
+            self.go_to_completion(index)
+
+    def cancel_completion(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Cancel completion, go back to the original text.
+        """
+        if self.complete_state:
+            self.go_to_completion(None)
+            self.complete_state = None
+
+    def _set_completions(self, completions: list[Completion]) -> CompletionState:
+        """
+        Start completions. (Generate list of completions and initialize.)
+
+        By default, no completion will be selected.
+        """
+        self.complete_state = CompletionState(
+            original_document=self.document, completions=completions
+        )
+
+        # Trigger event. This should eventually invalidate the layout.
+        self.on_completions_changed.fire()
+
+        return self.complete_state
+
+    def start_history_lines_completion(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Start a completion based on all the other lines in the document and the
+        history.
+        """
+        found_completions: set[str] = set()
+        completions = []
+
+        # For every line of the whole history, find matches with the current line.
+        current_line = self.document.current_line_before_cursor.lstrip()
+
+        for i, string in enumerate(self._working_lines):
+            for j, l in enumerate(string.split("\n")):
+                l = l.strip()
+                if l and l.startswith(current_line):
+                    # When a new line has been found.
+                    if l not in found_completions:
+                        found_completions.add(l)
+
+                        # Create completion.
+                        if i == self.working_index:
+                            display_meta = "Current, line %s" % (j + 1)
+                        else:
+                            display_meta = f"History {i + 1}, line {j + 1}"
+
+                        completions.append(
+                            Completion(
+                                text=l,
+                                start_position=-len(current_line),
+                                display_meta=display_meta,
+                            )
+                        )
+
+        self._set_completions(completions=completions[::-1])
+        self.go_to_completion(0)
+
+    def go_to_completion(self, index: int | None) -> None:
+        """
+        Select a completion from the list of current completions.
+        """
+        assert self.complete_state
+
+        # Set new completion
+        state = self.complete_state
+        state.go_to_index(index)
+
+        # Set text/cursor position
+        new_text, new_cursor_position = state.new_text_and_position()
+        self.document = Document(new_text, new_cursor_position)
+
+        # (changing text/cursor position will unset complete_state.)
+        self.complete_state = state
+
+    def apply_completion(self, completion: Completion) -> None:
+        """
+        Insert a given completion.
+        """
+        # If there was already a completion active, cancel that one.
+        if self.complete_state:
+            self.go_to_completion(None)
+        self.complete_state = None
+
+        # Insert text from the given completion.
+        self.delete_before_cursor(-completion.start_position)
+        self.insert_text(completion.text)
+
+    def _set_history_search(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Set `history_search_text`.
+        (The text before the cursor will be used for filtering the history.)
+        """
+        if self.enable_history_search():
+            if self.history_search_text is None:
+                self.history_search_text = self.document.text_before_cursor
+        else:
+            self.history_search_text = None
+
+    def _history_matches(self, i: int) -> bool:
+        """
+        True when the current entry matches the history search.
+        (when we don't have history search, it's also True.)
+        """
+        return self.history_search_text is None or self._working_lines[i].startswith(
+            self.history_search_text
+        )
+
+    def history_forward(self, count: int = 1) -> None:
+        """
+        Move forwards through the history.
+
+        :param count: Amount of items to move forward.
+        """
+        self._set_history_search()
+
+        # Go forward in history.
+        found_something = False
+
+        for i in range(self.working_index + 1, len(self._working_lines)):
+            if self._history_matches(i):
+                self.working_index = i
+                count -= 1
+                found_something = True
+            if count == 0:
+                break
+
+        # If we found an entry, move cursor to the end of the first line.
+        if found_something:
+            self.cursor_position = 0
+            self.cursor_position += self.document.get_end_of_line_position()
+
+    def history_backward(self, count: int = 1) -> None:
+        """
+        Move backwards through history.
+        """
+        self._set_history_search()
+
+        # Go back in history.
+        found_something = False
+
+        for i in range(self.working_index - 1, -1, -1):
+            if self._history_matches(i):
+                self.working_index = i
+                count -= 1
+                found_something = True
+            if count == 0:
+                break
+
+        # If we move to another entry, move cursor to the end of the line.
+        if found_something:
+            self.cursor_position = len(self.text)
+
+    def yank_nth_arg(self, n: int | None = None, _yank_last_arg: bool = False) -> None:
+        """
+        Pick nth word from previous history entry (depending on current
+        `yank_nth_arg_state`) and insert it at current position. Rotate through
+        history if called repeatedly. If no `n` has been given, take the first
+        argument. (The second word.)
+
+        :param n: (None or int), The index of the word from the previous line
+            to take.
+        """
+        assert n is None or isinstance(n, int)
+        history_strings = self.history.get_strings()
+
+        if not len(history_strings):
+            return
+
+        # Make sure we have a `YankNthArgState`.
+        if self.yank_nth_arg_state is None:
+            state = YankNthArgState(n=-1 if _yank_last_arg else 1)
+        else:
+            state = self.yank_nth_arg_state
+
+        if n is not None:
+            state.n = n
+
+        # Get new history position.
+        new_pos = state.history_position - 1
+        if -new_pos > len(history_strings):
+            new_pos = -1
+
+        # Take argument from line.
+        line = history_strings[new_pos]
+
+        words = [w.strip() for w in _QUOTED_WORDS_RE.split(line)]
+        words = [w for w in words if w]
+        try:
+            word = words[state.n]
+        except IndexError:
+            word = ""
+
+        # Insert new argument.
+        if state.previous_inserted_word:
+            self.delete_before_cursor(len(state.previous_inserted_word))
+        self.insert_text(word)
+
+        # Save state again for next completion. (Note that the 'insert'
+        # operation from above clears `self.yank_nth_arg_state`.)
+        state.previous_inserted_word = word
+        state.history_position = new_pos
+        self.yank_nth_arg_state = state
+
+    def yank_last_arg(self, n: int | None = None) -> None:
+        """
+        Like `yank_nth_arg`, but if no argument has been given, yank the last
+        word by default.
+        """
+        self.yank_nth_arg(n=n, _yank_last_arg=True)
+
+    def start_selection(
+        self, selection_type: SelectionType = SelectionType.CHARACTERS
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Take the current cursor position as the start of this selection.
+        """
+        self.selection_state = SelectionState(self.cursor_position, selection_type)
+
+    def copy_selection(self, _cut: bool = False) -> ClipboardData:
+        """
+        Copy selected text and return :class:`.ClipboardData` instance.
+
+        Notice that this doesn't store the copied data on the clipboard yet.
+        You can store it like this:
+
+        .. code:: python
+
+            data = buffer.copy_selection()
+            get_app().clipboard.set_data(data)
+        """
+        new_document, clipboard_data = self.document.cut_selection()
+        if _cut:
+            self.document = new_document
+
+        self.selection_state = None
+        return clipboard_data
+
+    def cut_selection(self) -> ClipboardData:
+        """
+        Delete selected text and return :class:`.ClipboardData` instance.
+        """
+        return self.copy_selection(_cut=True)
+
+    def paste_clipboard_data(
+        self,
+        data: ClipboardData,
+        paste_mode: PasteMode = PasteMode.EMACS,
+        count: int = 1,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Insert the data from the clipboard.
+        """
+        assert isinstance(data, ClipboardData)
+        assert paste_mode in (PasteMode.VI_BEFORE, PasteMode.VI_AFTER, PasteMode.EMACS)
+
+        original_document = self.document
+        self.document = self.document.paste_clipboard_data(
+            data, paste_mode=paste_mode, count=count
+        )
+
+        # Remember original document. This assignment should come at the end,
+        # because assigning to 'document' will erase it.
+        self.document_before_paste = original_document
+
+    def newline(self, copy_margin: bool = True) -> None:
+        """
+        Insert a line ending at the current position.
+        """
+        if copy_margin:
+            self.insert_text("\n" + self.document.leading_whitespace_in_current_line)
+        else:
+            self.insert_text("\n")
+
+    def insert_line_above(self, copy_margin: bool = True) -> None:
+        """
+        Insert a new line above the current one.
+        """
+        if copy_margin:
+            insert = self.document.leading_whitespace_in_current_line + "\n"
+        else:
+            insert = "\n"
+
+        self.cursor_position += self.document.get_start_of_line_position()
+        self.insert_text(insert)
+        self.cursor_position -= 1
+
+    def insert_line_below(self, copy_margin: bool = True) -> None:
+        """
+        Insert a new line below the current one.
+        """
+        if copy_margin:
+            insert = "\n" + self.document.leading_whitespace_in_current_line
+        else:
+            insert = "\n"
+
+        self.cursor_position += self.document.get_end_of_line_position()
+        self.insert_text(insert)
+
+    def insert_text(
+        self,
+        data: str,
+        overwrite: bool = False,
+        move_cursor: bool = True,
+        fire_event: bool = True,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Insert characters at cursor position.
+
+        :param fire_event: Fire `on_text_insert` event. This is mainly used to
+            trigger autocompletion while typing.
+        """
+        # Original text & cursor position.
+        otext = self.text
+        ocpos = self.cursor_position
+
+        # In insert/text mode.
+        if overwrite:
+            # Don't overwrite the newline itself. Just before the line ending,
+            # it should act like insert mode.
+            overwritten_text = otext[ocpos : ocpos + len(data)]
+            if "\n" in overwritten_text:
+                overwritten_text = overwritten_text[: overwritten_text.find("\n")]
+
+            text = otext[:ocpos] + data + otext[ocpos + len(overwritten_text) :]
+        else:
+            text = otext[:ocpos] + data + otext[ocpos:]
+
+        if move_cursor:
+            cpos = self.cursor_position + len(data)
+        else:
+            cpos = self.cursor_position
+
+        # Set new document.
+        # (Set text and cursor position at the same time. Otherwise, setting
+        # the text will fire a change event before the cursor position has been
+        # set. It works better to have this atomic.)
+        self.document = Document(text, cpos)
+
+        # Fire 'on_text_insert' event.
+        if fire_event:  # XXX: rename to `start_complete`.
+            self.on_text_insert.fire()
+
+            # Only complete when "complete_while_typing" is enabled.
+            if self.completer and self.complete_while_typing():
+                get_app().create_background_task(self._async_completer())
+
+            # Call auto_suggest.
+            if self.auto_suggest:
+                get_app().create_background_task(self._async_suggester())
+
+    def undo(self) -> None:
+        # Pop from the undo-stack until we find a text that if different from
+        # the current text. (The current logic of `save_to_undo_stack` will
+        # cause that the top of the undo stack is usually the same as the
+        # current text, so in that case we have to pop twice.)
+        while self._undo_stack:
+            text, pos = self._undo_stack.pop()
+
+            if text != self.text:
+                # Push current text to redo stack.
+                self._redo_stack.append((self.text, self.cursor_position))
+
+                # Set new text/cursor_position.
+                self.document = Document(text, cursor_position=pos)
+                break
+
+    def redo(self) -> None:
+        if self._redo_stack:
+            # Copy current state on undo stack.
+            self.save_to_undo_stack(clear_redo_stack=False)
+
+            # Pop state from redo stack.
+            text, pos = self._redo_stack.pop()
+            self.document = Document(text, cursor_position=pos)
+
+    def validate(self, set_cursor: bool = False) -> bool:
+        """
+        Returns `True` if valid.
+
+        :param set_cursor: Set the cursor position, if an error was found.
+        """
+        # Don't call the validator again, if it was already called for the
+        # current input.
+        if self.validation_state != ValidationState.UNKNOWN:
+            return self.validation_state == ValidationState.VALID
+
+        # Call validator.
+        if self.validator:
+            try:
+                self.validator.validate(self.document)
+            except ValidationError as e:
+                # Set cursor position (don't allow invalid values.)
+                if set_cursor:
+                    self.cursor_position = min(
+                        max(0, e.cursor_position), len(self.text)
+                    )
+
+                self.validation_state = ValidationState.INVALID
+                self.validation_error = e
+                return False
+
+        # Handle validation result.
+        self.validation_state = ValidationState.VALID
+        self.validation_error = None
+        return True
+
+    async def _validate_async(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Asynchronous version of `validate()`.
+        This one doesn't set the cursor position.
+
+        We have both variants, because a synchronous version is required.
+        Handling the ENTER key needs to be completely synchronous, otherwise
+        stuff like type-ahead is going to give very weird results. (People
+        could type input while the ENTER key is still processed.)
+
+        An asynchronous version is required if we have `validate_while_typing`
+        enabled.
+        """
+        while True:
+            # Don't call the validator again, if it was already called for the
+            # current input.
+            if self.validation_state != ValidationState.UNKNOWN:
+                return
+
+            # Call validator.
+            error = None
+            document = self.document
+
+            if self.validator:
+                try:
+                    await self.validator.validate_async(self.document)
+                except ValidationError as e:
+                    error = e
+
+                # If the document changed during the validation, try again.
+                if self.document != document:
+                    continue
+
+            # Handle validation result.
+            if error:
+                self.validation_state = ValidationState.INVALID
+            else:
+                self.validation_state = ValidationState.VALID
+
+            self.validation_error = error
+            get_app().invalidate()  # Trigger redraw (display error).
+
+    def append_to_history(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Append the current input to the history.
+        """
+        # Save at the tail of the history. (But don't if the last entry the
+        # history is already the same.)
+        if self.text:
+            history_strings = self.history.get_strings()
+            if not len(history_strings) or history_strings[-1] != self.text:
+                self.history.append_string(self.text)
+
+    def _search(
+        self,
+        search_state: SearchState,
+        include_current_position: bool = False,
+        count: int = 1,
+    ) -> tuple[int, int] | None:
+        """
+        Execute search. Return (working_index, cursor_position) tuple when this
+        search is applied. Returns `None` when this text cannot be found.
+        """
+        assert count > 0
+
+        text = search_state.text
+        direction = search_state.direction
+        ignore_case = search_state.ignore_case()
+
+        def search_once(
+            working_index: int, document: Document
+        ) -> tuple[int, Document] | None:
+            """
+            Do search one time.
+            Return (working_index, document) or `None`
+            """
+            if direction == SearchDirection.FORWARD:
+                # Try find at the current input.
+                new_index = document.find(
+                    text,
+                    include_current_position=include_current_position,
+                    ignore_case=ignore_case,
+                )
+
+                if new_index is not None:
+                    return (
+                        working_index,
+                        Document(document.text, document.cursor_position + new_index),
+                    )
+                else:
+                    # No match, go forward in the history. (Include len+1 to wrap around.)
+                    # (Here we should always include all cursor positions, because
+                    # it's a different line.)
+                    for i in range(working_index + 1, len(self._working_lines) + 1):
+                        i %= len(self._working_lines)
+
+                        document = Document(self._working_lines[i], 0)
+                        new_index = document.find(
+                            text, include_current_position=True, ignore_case=ignore_case
+                        )
+                        if new_index is not None:
+                            return (i, Document(document.text, new_index))
+            else:
+                # Try find at the current input.
+                new_index = document.find_backwards(text, ignore_case=ignore_case)
+
+                if new_index is not None:
+                    return (
+                        working_index,
+                        Document(document.text, document.cursor_position + new_index),
+                    )
+                else:
+                    # No match, go back in the history. (Include -1 to wrap around.)
+                    for i in range(working_index - 1, -2, -1):
+                        i %= len(self._working_lines)
+
+                        document = Document(
+                            self._working_lines[i], len(self._working_lines[i])
+                        )
+                        new_index = document.find_backwards(
+                            text, ignore_case=ignore_case
+                        )
+                        if new_index is not None:
+                            return (
+                                i,
+                                Document(document.text, len(document.text) + new_index),
+                            )
+            return None
+
+        # Do 'count' search iterations.
+        working_index = self.working_index
+        document = self.document
+        for _ in range(count):
+            result = search_once(working_index, document)
+            if result is None:
+                return None  # Nothing found.
+            else:
+                working_index, document = result
+
+        return (working_index, document.cursor_position)
+
+    def document_for_search(self, search_state: SearchState) -> Document:
+        """
+        Return a :class:`~prompt_toolkit.document.Document` instance that has
+        the text/cursor position for this search, if we would apply it. This
+        will be used in the
+        :class:`~prompt_toolkit.layout.BufferControl` to display feedback while
+        searching.
+        """
+        search_result = self._search(search_state, include_current_position=True)
+
+        if search_result is None:
+            return self.document
+        else:
+            working_index, cursor_position = search_result
+
+            # Keep selection, when `working_index` was not changed.
+            if working_index == self.working_index:
+                selection = self.selection_state
+            else:
+                selection = None
+
+            return Document(
+                self._working_lines[working_index], cursor_position, selection=selection
+            )
+
+    def get_search_position(
+        self,
+        search_state: SearchState,
+        include_current_position: bool = True,
+        count: int = 1,
+    ) -> int:
+        """
+        Get the cursor position for this search.
+        (This operation won't change the `working_index`. It's won't go through
+        the history. Vi text objects can't span multiple items.)
+        """
+        search_result = self._search(
+            search_state, include_current_position=include_current_position, count=count
+        )
+
+        if search_result is None:
+            return self.cursor_position
+        else:
+            working_index, cursor_position = search_result
+            return cursor_position
+
+    def apply_search(
+        self,
+        search_state: SearchState,
+        include_current_position: bool = True,
+        count: int = 1,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Apply search. If something is found, set `working_index` and
+        `cursor_position`.
+        """
+        search_result = self._search(
+            search_state, include_current_position=include_current_position, count=count
+        )
+
+        if search_result is not None:
+            working_index, cursor_position = search_result
+            self.working_index = working_index
+            self.cursor_position = cursor_position
+
+    def exit_selection(self) -> None:
+        self.selection_state = None
+
+    def _editor_simple_tempfile(self) -> tuple[str, Callable[[], None]]:
+        """
+        Simple (file) tempfile implementation.
+        Return (tempfile, cleanup_func).
+        """
+        suffix = to_str(self.tempfile_suffix)
+        descriptor, filename = tempfile.mkstemp(suffix)
+
+        os.write(descriptor, self.text.encode("utf-8"))
+        os.close(descriptor)
+
+        def cleanup() -> None:
+            os.unlink(filename)
+
+        return filename, cleanup
+
+    def _editor_complex_tempfile(self) -> tuple[str, Callable[[], None]]:
+        # Complex (directory) tempfile implementation.
+        headtail = to_str(self.tempfile)
+        if not headtail:
+            # Revert to simple case.
+            return self._editor_simple_tempfile()
+        headtail = str(headtail)
+
+        # Try to make according to tempfile logic.
+        head, tail = os.path.split(headtail)
+        if os.path.isabs(head):
+            head = head[1:]
+
+        dirpath = tempfile.mkdtemp()
+        if head:
+            dirpath = os.path.join(dirpath, head)
+        # Assume there is no issue creating dirs in this temp dir.
+        os.makedirs(dirpath)
+
+        # Open the filename and write current text.
+        filename = os.path.join(dirpath, tail)
+        with open(filename, "w", encoding="utf-8") as fh:
+            fh.write(self.text)
+
+        def cleanup() -> None:
+            shutil.rmtree(dirpath)
+
+        return filename, cleanup
+
+    def open_in_editor(self, validate_and_handle: bool = False) -> asyncio.Task[None]:
+        """
+        Open code in editor.
+
+        This returns a future, and runs in a thread executor.
+        """
+        if self.read_only():
+            raise EditReadOnlyBuffer()
+
+        # Write current text to temporary file
+        if self.tempfile:
+            filename, cleanup_func = self._editor_complex_tempfile()
+        else:
+            filename, cleanup_func = self._editor_simple_tempfile()
+
+        async def run() -> None:
+            try:
+                # Open in editor
+                # (We need to use `run_in_terminal`, because not all editors go to
+                # the alternate screen buffer, and some could influence the cursor
+                # position.)
+                success = await run_in_terminal(
+                    lambda: self._open_file_in_editor(filename), in_executor=True
+                )
+
+                # Read content again.
+                if success:
+                    with open(filename, "rb") as f:
+                        text = f.read().decode("utf-8")
+
+                        # Drop trailing newline. (Editors are supposed to add it at the
+                        # end, but we don't need it.)
+                        if text.endswith("\n"):
+                            text = text[:-1]
+
+                        self.document = Document(text=text, cursor_position=len(text))
+
+                    # Accept the input.
+                    if validate_and_handle:
+                        self.validate_and_handle()
+
+            finally:
+                # Clean up temp dir/file.
+                cleanup_func()
+
+        return get_app().create_background_task(run())
+
+    def _open_file_in_editor(self, filename: str) -> bool:
+        """
+        Call editor executable.
+
+        Return True when we received a zero return code.
+        """
+        # If the 'VISUAL' or 'EDITOR' environment variable has been set, use that.
+        # Otherwise, fall back to the first available editor that we can find.
+        visual = os.environ.get("VISUAL")
+        editor = os.environ.get("EDITOR")
+
+        editors = [
+            visual,
+            editor,
+            # Order of preference.
+            "/usr/bin/editor",
+            "/usr/bin/nano",
+            "/usr/bin/pico",
+            "/usr/bin/vi",
+            "/usr/bin/emacs",
+        ]
+
+        for e in editors:
+            if e:
+                try:
+                    # Use 'shlex.split()', because $VISUAL can contain spaces
+                    # and quotes.
+                    returncode = subprocess.call(shlex.split(e) + [filename])
+                    return returncode == 0
+
+                except OSError:
+                    # Executable does not exist, try the next one.
+                    pass
+
+        return False
+
+    def start_completion(
+        self,
+        select_first: bool = False,
+        select_last: bool = False,
+        insert_common_part: bool = False,
+        complete_event: CompleteEvent | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Start asynchronous autocompletion of this buffer.
+        (This will do nothing if a previous completion was still in progress.)
+        """
+        # Only one of these options can be selected.
+        assert select_first + select_last + insert_common_part <= 1
+
+        get_app().create_background_task(
+            self._async_completer(
+                select_first=select_first,
+                select_last=select_last,
+                insert_common_part=insert_common_part,
+                complete_event=complete_event
+                or CompleteEvent(completion_requested=True),
+            )
+        )
+
+    def _create_completer_coroutine(self) -> Callable[..., Coroutine[Any, Any, None]]:
+        """
+        Create function for asynchronous autocompletion.
+
+        (This consumes the asynchronous completer generator, which possibly
+        runs the completion algorithm in another thread.)
+        """
+
+        def completion_does_nothing(document: Document, completion: Completion) -> bool:
+            """
+            Return `True` if applying this completion doesn't have any effect.
+            (When it doesn't insert any new text.
+            """
+            text_before_cursor = document.text_before_cursor
+            replaced_text = text_before_cursor[
+                len(text_before_cursor) + completion.start_position :
+            ]
+            return replaced_text == completion.text
+
+        @_only_one_at_a_time
+        async def async_completer(
+            select_first: bool = False,
+            select_last: bool = False,
+            insert_common_part: bool = False,
+            complete_event: CompleteEvent | None = None,
+        ) -> None:
+            document = self.document
+            complete_event = complete_event or CompleteEvent(text_inserted=True)
+
+            # Don't complete when we already have completions.
+            if self.complete_state or not self.completer:
+                return
+
+            # Create an empty CompletionState.
+            complete_state = CompletionState(original_document=self.document)
+            self.complete_state = complete_state
+
+            def proceed() -> bool:
+                """Keep retrieving completions. Input text has not yet changed
+                while generating completions."""
+                return self.complete_state == complete_state
+
+            refresh_needed = asyncio.Event()
+
+            async def refresh_while_loading() -> None:
+                """Background loop to refresh the UI at most 3 times a second
+                while the completion are loading. Calling
+                `on_completions_changed.fire()` for every completion that we
+                receive is too expensive when there are many completions. (We
+                could tune `Application.max_render_postpone_time` and
+                `Application.min_redraw_interval`, but having this here is a
+                better approach.)
+                """
+                while True:
+                    self.on_completions_changed.fire()
+                    refresh_needed.clear()
+                    await asyncio.sleep(0.3)
+                    await refresh_needed.wait()
+
+            refresh_task = asyncio.ensure_future(refresh_while_loading())
+            try:
+                # Load.
+                async with aclosing(
+                    self.completer.get_completions_async(document, complete_event)
+                ) as async_generator:
+                    async for completion in async_generator:
+                        complete_state.completions.append(completion)
+                        refresh_needed.set()
+
+                        # If the input text changes, abort.
+                        if not proceed():
+                            break
+
+                        # Always stop at 10k completions.
+                        if (
+                            len(complete_state.completions)
+                            >= self.max_number_of_completions
+                        ):
+                            break
+            finally:
+                refresh_task.cancel()
+
+                # Refresh one final time after we got everything.
+                self.on_completions_changed.fire()
+
+            completions = complete_state.completions
+
+            # When there is only one completion, which has nothing to add, ignore it.
+            if len(completions) == 1 and completion_does_nothing(
+                document, completions[0]
+            ):
+                del completions[:]
+
+            # Set completions if the text was not yet changed.
+            if proceed():
+                # When no completions were found, or when the user selected
+                # already a completion by using the arrow keys, don't do anything.
+                if (
+                    not self.complete_state
+                    or self.complete_state.complete_index is not None
+                ):
+                    return
+
+                # When there are no completions, reset completion state anyway.
+                if not completions:
+                    self.complete_state = None
+                    # Render the ui if the completion menu was shown
+                    # it is needed especially if there is one completion and it was deleted.
+                    self.on_completions_changed.fire()
+                    return
+
+                # Select first/last or insert common part, depending on the key
+                # binding. (For this we have to wait until all completions are
+                # loaded.)
+
+                if select_first:
+                    self.go_to_completion(0)
+
+                elif select_last:
+                    self.go_to_completion(len(completions) - 1)
+
+                elif insert_common_part:
+                    common_part = get_common_complete_suffix(document, completions)
+                    if common_part:
+                        # Insert the common part, update completions.
+                        self.insert_text(common_part)
+                        if len(completions) > 1:
+                            # (Don't call `async_completer` again, but
+                            # recalculate completions. See:
+                            # https://github.com/ipython/ipython/issues/9658)
+                            completions[:] = [
+                                c.new_completion_from_position(len(common_part))
+                                for c in completions
+                            ]
+
+                            self._set_completions(completions=completions)
+                        else:
+                            self.complete_state = None
+                    else:
+                        # When we were asked to insert the "common"
+                        # prefix, but there was no common suffix but
+                        # still exactly one match, then select the
+                        # first. (It could be that we have a completion
+                        # which does * expansion, like '*.py', with
+                        # exactly one match.)
+                        if len(completions) == 1:
+                            self.go_to_completion(0)
+
+            else:
+                # If the last operation was an insert, (not a delete), restart
+                # the completion coroutine.
+
+                if self.document.text_before_cursor == document.text_before_cursor:
+                    return  # Nothing changed.
+
+                if self.document.text_before_cursor.startswith(
+                    document.text_before_cursor
+                ):
+                    raise _Retry
+
+        return async_completer
+
+    def _create_auto_suggest_coroutine(self) -> Callable[[], Coroutine[Any, Any, None]]:
+        """
+        Create function for asynchronous auto suggestion.
+        (This can be in another thread.)
+        """
+
+        @_only_one_at_a_time
+        async def async_suggestor() -> None:
+            document = self.document
+
+            # Don't suggest when we already have a suggestion.
+            if self.suggestion or not self.auto_suggest:
+                return
+
+            suggestion = await self.auto_suggest.get_suggestion_async(self, document)
+
+            # Set suggestion only if the text was not yet changed.
+            if self.document == document:
+                # Set suggestion and redraw interface.
+                self.suggestion = suggestion
+                self.on_suggestion_set.fire()
+            else:
+                # Otherwise, restart thread.
+                raise _Retry
+
+        return async_suggestor
+
+    def _create_auto_validate_coroutine(
+        self,
+    ) -> Callable[[], Coroutine[Any, Any, None]]:
+        """
+        Create a function for asynchronous validation while typing.
+        (This can be in another thread.)
+        """
+
+        @_only_one_at_a_time
+        async def async_validator() -> None:
+            await self._validate_async()
+
+        return async_validator
+
+    def validate_and_handle(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Validate buffer and handle the accept action.
+        """
+        valid = self.validate(set_cursor=True)
+
+        # When the validation succeeded, accept the input.
+        if valid:
+            if self.accept_handler:
+                keep_text = self.accept_handler(self)
+            else:
+                keep_text = False
+
+            self.append_to_history()
+
+            if not keep_text:
+                self.reset()
+
+
+_T = TypeVar("_T", bound=Callable[..., Coroutine[Any, Any, None]])
+
+
+def _only_one_at_a_time(coroutine: _T) -> _T:
+    """
+    Decorator that only starts the coroutine only if the previous call has
+    finished. (Used to make sure that we have only one autocompleter, auto
+    suggestor and validator running at a time.)
+
+    When the coroutine raises `_Retry`, it is restarted.
+    """
+    running = False
+
+    @wraps(coroutine)
+    async def new_coroutine(*a: Any, **kw: Any) -> Any:
+        nonlocal running
+
+        # Don't start a new function, if the previous is still in progress.
+        if running:
+            return
+
+        running = True
+
+        try:
+            while True:
+                try:
+                    await coroutine(*a, **kw)
+                except _Retry:
+                    continue
+                else:
+                    return None
+        finally:
+            running = False
+
+    return cast(_T, new_coroutine)
+
+
+class _Retry(Exception):
+    "Retry in `_only_one_at_a_time`."
+
+
+def indent(buffer: Buffer, from_row: int, to_row: int, count: int = 1) -> None:
+    """
+    Indent text of a :class:`.Buffer` object.
+    """
+    current_row = buffer.document.cursor_position_row
+    current_col = buffer.document.cursor_position_col
+    line_range = range(from_row, to_row)
+
+    # Apply transformation.
+    indent_content = "    " * count
+    new_text = buffer.transform_lines(line_range, lambda l: indent_content + l)
+    buffer.document = Document(
+        new_text, Document(new_text).translate_row_col_to_index(current_row, 0)
+    )
+
+    # Place cursor in the same position in text after indenting
+    buffer.cursor_position += current_col + len(indent_content)
+
+
+def unindent(buffer: Buffer, from_row: int, to_row: int, count: int = 1) -> None:
+    """
+    Unindent text of a :class:`.Buffer` object.
+    """
+    current_row = buffer.document.cursor_position_row
+    current_col = buffer.document.cursor_position_col
+    line_range = range(from_row, to_row)
+
+    indent_content = "    " * count
+
+    def transform(text: str) -> str:
+        remove = indent_content
+        if text.startswith(remove):
+            return text[len(remove) :]
+        else:
+            return text.lstrip()
+
+    # Apply transformation.
+    new_text = buffer.transform_lines(line_range, transform)
+    buffer.document = Document(
+        new_text, Document(new_text).translate_row_col_to_index(current_row, 0)
+    )
+
+    # Place cursor in the same position in text after dedent
+    buffer.cursor_position += current_col - len(indent_content)
+
+
+def reshape_text(buffer: Buffer, from_row: int, to_row: int) -> None:
+    """
+    Reformat text, taking the width into account.
+    `to_row` is included.
+    (Vi 'gq' operator.)
+    """
+    lines = buffer.text.splitlines(True)
+    lines_before = lines[:from_row]
+    lines_after = lines[to_row + 1 :]
+    lines_to_reformat = lines[from_row : to_row + 1]
+
+    if lines_to_reformat:
+        # Take indentation from the first line.
+        match = re.search(r"^\s*", lines_to_reformat[0])
+        length = match.end() if match else 0  # `match` can't be None, actually.
+
+        indent = lines_to_reformat[0][:length].replace("\n", "")
+
+        # Now, take all the 'words' from the lines to be reshaped.
+        words = "".join(lines_to_reformat).split()
+
+        # And reshape.
+        width = (buffer.text_width or 80) - len(indent)
+        reshaped_text = [indent]
+        current_width = 0
+        for w in words:
+            if current_width:
+                if len(w) + current_width + 1 > width:
+                    reshaped_text.append("\n")
+                    reshaped_text.append(indent)
+                    current_width = 0
+                else:
+                    reshaped_text.append(" ")
+                    current_width += 1
+
+            reshaped_text.append(w)
+            current_width += len(w)
+
+        if reshaped_text[-1] != "\n":
+            reshaped_text.append("\n")
+
+        # Apply result.
+        buffer.document = Document(
+            text="".join(lines_before + reshaped_text + lines_after),
+            cursor_position=len("".join(lines_before + reshaped_text)),
+        )