nomen-lang 0.8.0 → 0.10.0

package/core/System/Controls/Container.nm

@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	var int last_w = -1
 	var int last_h = -1
 
-	func init_buffers = (ref self, int cap) {
+	func init_buffers = (ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals }, int cap) {
 		self.kinds.grow_int(cap)
 		self.w_kinds.grow_int(cap)
 		self.w_vals.grow_int(cap)
@@ -450,7 +450,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 		self.dirty_idx.grow_int(cap)
 	}
 
-	func make_root = (ref self, int kind, int gap, int col_count) {
+	func make_root = (ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals }, int kind, int gap, int col_count) {
 		self.init_buffers(32)
 		self.kinds.store_int(0, kind)
 		self.w_kinds.store_int(0, LEN_AUTO)
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	// (The aarch64 backend now spills args past the 8-register ABI limit, so
 	// this signature no longer has to stay within 8 register params.)
 	func append_node = (
-		ref self,
+		ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals },
 		int parent,
 		int kind,
 		int handle,
@@ -574,7 +574,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	// shrink, the original behavior). For `.percent` / `.fill` / mixed sizing,
 	// use `add_len`.
 	pub func add = (
-		ref self,
+		ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals },
 		uint64 handle,
 		int w,
 		int h,
@@ -600,7 +600,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	// Add a leaf child under an explicit `parent` (a node index returned by an
 	// add_vstack/add_hstack/add_grid/add_zstack call).
 	pub func add_to = (
-		ref self,
+		ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals },
 		int parent,
 		uint64 handle,
 		int w,
@@ -634,7 +634,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	// asks for 50% of the cross axis and a fixed 30px on the main axis.
 	// `span`/`grow`/`align`/`shrink` match `add`.
 	pub func add_kind = (
-		ref self,
+		ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals },
 		uint64 handle,
 		int w_kind,
 		int w_val,
@@ -662,7 +662,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	// Add a leaf child with explicit per-axis size kinds under an explicit
 	// `parent` (a node index returned by an add_* container helper).
 	pub func add_to_kind = (
-		ref self,
+		ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals },
 		int parent,
 		uint64 handle,
 		int w_kind,
@@ -694,7 +694,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	// to the internal (kind, value) pair. `span`/`grow`/`align`/`shrink`
 	// match `add`.
 	pub func add_len = (
-		ref self,
+		ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals },
 		uint64 handle,
 		LayoutLength w,
 		LayoutLength h,
@@ -720,7 +720,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	// Add a leaf child with `LayoutLength` sizes under an explicit `parent`
 	// (a node index returned by an add_* container helper).
 	pub func add_to_len = (
-		ref self,
+		ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals },
 		int parent,
 		uint64 handle,
 		LayoutLength w,
@@ -750,7 +750,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	// per-axis intrinsic (e.g. fill the cross axis, intrinsic height) use
 	// `add_kind` directly. `span`/`grow`/`align`/`shrink` match `add`.
 	pub func add_intrinsic = (
-		ref self,
+		ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals },
 		uint64 handle,
 		int span,
 		int grow = 0,
@@ -774,7 +774,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	// `add_intrinsic` under an explicit `parent` (a node index returned by an
 	// add_* container helper).
 	pub func add_to_intrinsic = (
-		ref self,
+		ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals },
 		int parent,
 		uint64 handle,
 		int span,
@@ -805,7 +805,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	// re-framed. The whole tree is marked dirty afterwards so the next
 	// layout reflows the rows the removed child leaves behind. Returns true
 	// if a matching leaf was found and removed.
-	pub func remove_leaf = (ref self, uint64 handle, out bool) {
+	pub func remove_leaf = (ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals }, uint64 handle, out bool) {
 		var int needle = handle as int
 		var removed = false
 		var idx = 1
@@ -877,7 +877,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	// Translate the legacy int (w, h) into a (kind, value) pair: 0 → auto
 	// (no intrinsic; fills a bounded axis, stays 0 on an unbounded axis so
 	// `grow` decides), non-zero → fixed.
-	func set_leaf_size = (ref self, int idx, int w, int h) {
+	func set_leaf_size = (ref self { h_kinds, h_vals, w_kinds, w_vals }, int idx, int w, int h) {
 		if w == 0 {
 			self.w_kinds.store_int(idx, LEN_AUTO)
 			self.w_vals.store_int(idx, 0)
@@ -895,7 +895,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	}
 
 	// Store the per-axis (kind, value) pair directly.
-	func set_leaf_kind = (ref self, int idx, int w_kind, int w_val, int h_kind, int h_val) {
+	func set_leaf_kind = (ref self { h_kinds, h_vals, w_kinds, w_vals }, int idx, int w_kind, int w_val, int h_kind, int h_val) {
 		self.w_kinds.store_int(idx, w_kind)
 		self.w_vals.store_int(idx, w_val)
 		self.h_kinds.store_int(idx, h_kind)
@@ -905,7 +905,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	// Add a nested container under `parent`; returns the new node's index so
 	// children can be added to it via add_to (or another nested container).
 	pub func add_vstack = (
-		ref self,
+		ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals },
 		int parent,
 		int spacing,
 		int span,
@@ -918,7 +918,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	}
 
 	pub func add_hstack = (
-		ref self,
+		ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals },
 		int parent,
 		int spacing,
 		int span,
@@ -937,12 +937,12 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	// to 0 on an unbounded axis (so it has no intrinsic opinion) and fills the
 	// cross axis by default. Because it carries no handle, `apply` never calls
 	// `setFrame:` for it and `hit_test` reports it as "no control" (handle 0).
-	pub func add_spacer = (ref self, int span, int grow = 0, int shrink = 0, int align = 3) {
+	pub func add_spacer = (ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals }, int span, int grow = 0, int shrink = 0, int align = 3) {
 		self.append_node(self.root, KIND_LEAF, 0, 0, 0, span, grow, shrink, align)
 	}
 
 	pub func add_spacer_to = (
-		ref self,
+		ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals },
 		int parent,
 		int span,
 		int grow = 0,
@@ -953,7 +953,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	}
 
 	pub func add_grid = (
-		ref self,
+		ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals },
 		int parent,
 		int cols: cols > 0,
 		int spacing,
@@ -967,7 +967,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	}
 
 	pub func add_zstack = (
-		ref self,
+		ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals },
 		int parent,
 		int span,
 		int grow = 0,
@@ -986,7 +986,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	// is a node in the SoA tree, so it needs no trait model — it recurses
 	// through `first_child`/`next_sibling` like everything else.
 	pub func add_block = (
-		ref self,
+		ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals },
 		int padding,
 		int span,
 		int grow = 0,
@@ -1000,7 +1000,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	}
 
 	pub func add_block_to = (
-		ref self,
+		ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals },
 		int parent,
 		int padding,
 		int span,
@@ -1466,7 +1466,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	// order) and its baseline is advanced. Hidden leaves keep a stable
 	// (0,0,0,0) frame, so toggling visibility and re-laying-out marks them
 	// dirty exactly once, like any other frame change.
-	func collect_dirty = (ref self) {
+	func collect_dirty = (ref self { dirty_idx, prh, prw, prx, pry }) {
 		self.dirty_n = 0
 		var i = 0
 		while i < self.count; i += 1 {
@@ -1513,7 +1513,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	// down from this node) are all re-measured on the next `compute`/`layout`.
 	// A node left clean is known to have unchanged constraints, so its cached
 	// size is reused.
-	pub func mark_dirty = (ref self, int idx) {
+	pub func mark_dirty = (ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals }, int idx) {
 		self.dirty.store_int(idx, 1)
 		var int ci = self.first_child(idx)
 		while ci != -1 {
@@ -1598,7 +1598,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 		return s
 	}
 
-	pub func set_frame = (ref self, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
+	pub func set_frame = (ref self {}, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
 		self.arrange_node(self.root, x, y, width, height)
 	}
 
@@ -1616,7 +1616,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	// children with `grow > 0` have surplus to absorb; the cross axis stays at
 	// the measured content size, preserving child alignment. Grid/ZStack roots
 	// keep both axes at content.
-	pub func compute = (ref self, int avail_w, int avail_h) {
+	pub func compute = (ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals }, int avail_w, int avail_h) {
 		// External constraint changed → the whole tree must re-measure.
 		if self.last_w != avail_w || self.last_h != avail_h {
 			self.mark_dirty(self.root)
@@ -1641,7 +1641,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	// Measure + arrange against the window's content rect (minus padding) and
 	// apply frames to every leaf, flipping y against the content height. The
 	// root fills its main axis (see `compute`).
-	pub func layout = (ref self, Window win) {
+	pub func layout = (ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals }, Window win) {
 		var int cw = win.content_width()
 		var int ch = win.content_height()
 		var int avail_w = cw - self.padding * 2
@@ -1678,7 +1678,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	// The callback calls nomen_layout_thunk (a free function) rather than the
 	// layout method directly: free functions are exported for C linkage on
 	// both backends, methods are not.
-	pub func set_resize_callback = (ref self, Window win) {
+	pub func set_resize_callback = (ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals }, Window win) {
 		```
 		#arch: c
 		#platform: macos
@@ -1870,7 +1870,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	// Window_relayout must also emit the registry + thunk they call —
 	// putting them in Scrollable.nm broke aarch64 split links (undefined
 	// symbols).
-	pub func set_document = (ref self, uint64 sv, uint64 doc) {
+	pub func set_document = (ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals }, uint64 sv, uint64 doc) {
 		```
 		#arch: c
 		#platform: macos
@@ -1968,7 +1968,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 	// outlive the run — app fields. Call once, from App.start. The file-scope
 	// registry lives HERE (same file as the layout thunk the walker calls),
 	// for the same split-link reason set_document records.
-	pub func set_pane = (ref self, uint64 pane_handle) {
+	pub func set_pane = (ref self { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals }, uint64 pane_handle) {
 		```
 		#arch: c
 		#platform: macos
@@ -2369,7 +2369,7 @@ pub mv struct Container: Control {
 /**
  * Entry point the layout engine calls to lay out a Container's tree
  **/
-pub func nomen_layout_thunk = (ref Container grid, Window win) {
+pub func nomen_layout_thunk = (ref Container grid { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals }, Window win) {
 	grid.layout(win)
 }
 
@@ -2377,7 +2377,7 @@ pub func nomen_layout_thunk = (ref Container grid, Window win) {
 // function (pure Nomen — asm-emitted on aarch64) so the thunk's raw bodies
 // can call it: constraints are the window's content width minus the grid's
 // own padding (the `layout_page` formula), height unbounded.
-pub func nomen_scroll_measure = (ref Container grid, int max_w, out [int, int]) {
+pub func nomen_scroll_measure = (ref Container grid {}, int max_w, out [int, int]) {
 	var bc = BoxConstraints()
 	bc.max_width = max_w
 	const Size cs = grid.measure(bc)
@@ -2394,7 +2394,13 @@ pub func nomen_scroll_measure = (ref Container grid, int max_w, out [int, int])
 // aarch64_use_c function routes to the C companion using only its raw
 // blocks, so any Nomen statement here would be silently dropped
 // (FOLLOWUP.md) — the measure goes through nomen_scroll_measure instead.
-pub func nomen_scroll_thunk = (ref Container grid, uint64 sv, uint64 doc, ref Window win, int first) {
+pub func nomen_scroll_thunk = (
+	ref Container grid { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals },
+	uint64 sv,
+	uint64 doc,
+	ref Window win {},
+	int first
+) {
 	```
 	#arch: c
 	#platform: macos

package/core/System/Controls/DatePicker.nm

@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ pub mv struct DatePicker: Control {
 		```
 	}
 
-	pub func set_frame = (ref self, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
+	pub func set_frame = (ref self {}, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
 		```
 		#arch: c
 		#platform: macos

package/core/System/Controls/Form.nm

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ pub mv struct Form {
 	// Wire the assembly into the caller's grid under `parent`: the box
 	// fills the rect, the rows sit on top of it inset by the padding (which
 	// also clears the box's built-in title strip).
-	pub func add_to = (ref self, ref Container grid, int parent, int span) {
+	pub func add_to = (ref self {}, ref Container grid { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals }, int parent, int span) {
 		var int zs = grid.add_zstack(parent, span)
 		grid.add_to(zs, self.box.handle, 0, 0, 1, 1)
 		var int blk = grid.add_block_to(zs, 24, 1)
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ pub mv struct Form {
 
 	// Append a row: `label` on the left (intrinsic width), the caller's
 	// control filling the rest at `control_h` tall. Up to 4 rows.
-	pub func add_row = (ref self, ref Container grid, string label, uint64 control, int control_h) {
+	pub func add_row = (ref self {}, ref Container grid { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals }, string label, uint64 control, int control_h) {
 		var uint64 label_handle = 0
 		if self.rows == 0 {
 			self.l0.set_text(label)

package/core/System/Controls/GroupBox.nm

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
  * NSBox in its primary style with a title. macOS-only — iOS has no boxed
  * group view (TODO stubs; see GUI_PLAN Tier 1 #17).
  **/
-pub mv struct GroupBox : Control {
+pub mv struct GroupBox: Control {
 	var uint64 handle = 0
 
 	pub func #init = (self, Window window, string title) {
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ pub mv struct GroupBox : Control {
 		```
 	}
 
-	pub func set_frame = (ref self, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
+	pub func set_frame = (ref self {}, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
 		```
 		#arch: c
 		#platform: macos

package/core/System/Controls/ImageView.nm

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
  * symbol/SF Symbol set. A failed load leaves the view empty (`has_image`
  * reads false) — there is no error channel for images.
  **/
-pub mv struct ImageView : Control {
+pub mv struct ImageView: Control {
 	var uint64 handle = 0
 
 	pub func #init = (self, Window window) {
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ pub mv struct ImageView : Control {
 		```
 	}
 
-	pub func set_frame = (ref self, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
+	pub func set_frame = (ref self {}, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
 		```
 		#arch: c
 		#platform: macos

package/core/System/Controls/Layout.nm

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ pub mv struct Layout {
 /**
  * Initializes a Layout tree with capacity for `cap` nodes
  **/
-pub func init_layout = (ref Layout l, int cap) {
+pub func init_layout = (ref Layout l { gaps, hs, kinds, par, rh, rw, rx, ry, ws }, int cap) {
 	l.kinds.grow_int(cap)
 	l.ws.grow_int(cap)
 	l.hs.grow_int(cap)
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ pub func init_layout = (ref Layout l, int cap) {
 /**
  * Appends a leaf node (a sized control) under `parent` and returns its index
  **/
-pub func add_leaf = (ref Layout l, int parent, int w, int h, out int) {
+pub func add_leaf = (ref Layout l { gaps, hs, kinds, par, ws }, int parent, int w, int h, out int) {
 	var idx = 0
 	while l.par.load_int(idx) != 0 || idx == 0; idx += 1 {
 		if l.kinds.load_int(idx) == 0 && l.ws.load_int(idx) == 0 && l.hs.load_int(idx) == 0 && l.par.load_int(idx) == 0 {
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ pub func add_leaf = (ref Layout l, int parent, int w, int h, out int) {
 /**
  * Appends a vertical stack container under `parent` and returns its index
  **/
-pub func add_vstack = (ref Layout l, int parent, int spacing, out int) {
+pub func add_vstack = (ref Layout l { gaps, hs, kinds, par, ws }, int parent, int spacing, out int) {
 	var idx = 0
 	while true; idx += 1 {
 		if l.kinds.load_int(idx) == 0 && l.ws.load_int(idx) == 0 && l.hs.load_int(idx) == 0 && l.par.load_int(idx) == 0 {
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ pub func add_vstack = (ref Layout l, int parent, int spacing, out int) {
 /**
  * Appends a horizontal stack container under `parent` and returns its index
  **/
-pub func add_hstack = (ref Layout l, int parent, int spacing, out int) {
+pub func add_hstack = (ref Layout l { gaps, hs, kinds, par, ws }, int parent, int spacing, out int) {
 	var idx = 0
 	while true; idx += 1 {
 		if l.kinds.load_int(idx) == 0 && l.ws.load_int(idx) == 0 && l.hs.load_int(idx) == 0 && l.par.load_int(idx) == 0 {
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ pub func arrange = (Layout l, int count, int idx, int x, int y, int w, int h) {
 /**
  * Runs a full measure-then-arrange pass from `root` within the available space
  **/
-pub func run_layout = (ref Layout l, int count, int root, int avail_w, int avail_h) {
+pub func run_layout = (ref Layout l {}, int count, int root, int avail_w, int avail_h) {
 	var int root_w = measure_w(l, count, root, 0, avail_w, 0, avail_h)
 	var int root_h = l.rh.load_int(root)
 	arrange(l, count, root, 0, 0, root_w, root_h)

package/core/System/Controls/LevelIndicator.nm

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
  * Tier 1 #16 — the iOS blocks are TODO stubs). Styles: 0 relevancy,
  * 1 discrete capacity, 2 continuous capacity, 3 rating (stars).
  **/
-pub mv struct LevelIndicator : Control {
+pub mv struct LevelIndicator: Control {
 	var uint64 handle = 0
 
 	pub func #init = (self, Window window) {
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ pub mv struct LevelIndicator : Control {
 		```
 	}
 
-	pub func set_frame = (ref self, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
+	pub func set_frame = (ref self {}, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
 		```
 		#arch: c
 		#platform: macos

package/core/System/Controls/ListView.nm

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
  * any document view. iOS defers to UITableView (TODO stubs; see GUI_PLAN
  * Tier 2).
  **/
-pub mv struct ListView : Control {
+pub mv struct ListView: Control {
 	var uint64 handle = 0
 	var uint64 table = 0
 
@@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ pub mv struct ListView : Control {
 	}
 
 	// ── Control trait conformance ──
-	pub func set_frame = (ref self, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
+	pub func set_frame = (ref self {}, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
 		```
 		#arch: c
 		#platform: macos

package/core/System/Controls/Menu.nm

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
  * Interaction needs a scene-attached view — see GUI_PLAN Tier 2; the iOS
  * blocks are TODO stubs).
  **/
-pub mv struct Menu : Control {
+pub mv struct Menu: Control {
 	var uint64 handle = 0
 
 	// File-scope helper: the shared item target. The action records the
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ pub mv struct Menu : Control {
 	// ── Control trait conformance ──
 	// A menu is not laid out: it has no frame of its own (it presents at the
 	// cursor under the attached control's right-click).
-	pub func set_frame = (ref self, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
+	pub func set_frame = (ref self {}, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
 		// No-op: the menu presents at the cursor.
 	}
 

package/core/System/Controls/NumberInput.nm

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ pub mv struct NumberInput {
 	}
 
 	// The stepper's range and nudge size.
-	pub func set_range = (ref self, float min, float max, float increment) {
+	pub func set_range = (ref self {}, float min, float max, float increment) {
 		self.step.set_min(min)
 		self.step.set_max(max)
 		self.step.set_increment(increment)
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ pub mv struct NumberInput {
 
 	// Drive BOTH controls: the stepper holds the value, the text mirrors it
 	// (the float's %f rendering).
-	pub func set_value = (ref self, float v) {
+	pub func set_value = (ref self {}, float v) {
 		self.step.set_value(v)
 		var text = v.to_string()
 		self.box.set_text(text)
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ pub mv struct NumberInput {
 	// the box filling the row and the stepper at its intrinsic width.
 	// Hit-testing works through the usual grid.contains on the fields'
 	// handles.
-	pub func add_to = (ref self, ref Container grid, int parent, int span) {
+	pub func add_to = (ref self {}, ref Container grid { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals }, int parent, int span) {
 		var int hs = grid.add_hstack(parent, 6, span)
 		grid.add_to(hs, self.box.handle, 0, 24, 1, 1)
 		grid.add_to_intrinsic(hs, self.step.handle, 1)

package/core/System/Controls/OtpInput.nm

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ pub mv struct OtpInput {
 
 	// Wire the five fields into the caller's grid under `parent`: an hstack
 	// of fixed-width boxes.
-	pub func add_to = (ref self, ref Container grid, int parent, int span) {
+	pub func add_to = (ref self {}, ref Container grid { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals }, int parent, int span) {
 		var int hs = grid.add_hstack(parent, 8, span)
 		grid.add_to(hs, self.f0.handle, 36, 28, 0, 1)
 		grid.add_to(hs, self.f1.handle, 36, 28, 0, 1)
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ pub mv struct OtpInput {
 	}
 
 	// Empty every field.
-	pub func clear = (ref self) {
+	pub func clear = (ref self {}) {
 		self.f0.set_text("")
 		self.f1.set_text("")
 		self.f2.set_text("")

package/core/System/Controls/OutlineView.nm

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
  * lesson). macOS-only (no iOS counterpart; see GUI_PLAN Tier 2 — the iOS
  * blocks are TODO stubs).
  **/
-pub mv struct OutlineView : Control {
+pub mv struct OutlineView: Control {
 	var uint64 handle = 0
 	var uint64 tree = 0
 
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ pub mv struct OutlineView : Control {
 	}
 
 	// ── Control trait conformance ──
-	pub func set_frame = (ref self, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
+	pub func set_frame = (ref self {}, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
 		```
 		#arch: c
 		#platform: macos

package/core/System/Controls/Pagination.nm

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ pub mv struct Pagination {
 	// The up-call plumbing: the dispatch id the app enrolled (—1 = none)
 	// and whether a page change is waiting for the next tick.
 	var int page_change_id = -1
-	var bool page_change_pending = false
+	var page_change_pending = false
 
 	pub func #init = (self, Window window, int pages: pages > 0 && pages <= 5) {
 		self.prev = Button(window, "<")
@@ -56,17 +56,17 @@ pub mv struct Pagination {
 		// spares can never be clicked). The closures hoist to hidden methods
 		// on Pagination and run with `ref self` — the app's dispatch
 		// forwards into the field that hosts the row. No polls to starve.
-		self.prev.on_click(func () { self.prev() })
-		self.next.on_click(func () { self.next() })
-		self.b0.on_click(func () { self.select(0) })
-		self.b1.on_click(func () { self.select(1) })
-		self.b2.on_click(func () { self.select(2) })
-		self.b3.on_click(func () { self.select(3) })
-		self.b4.on_click(func () { self.select(4) })
+		self.prev.on_click(func() { self.prev() })
+		self.next.on_click(func() { self.next() })
+		self.b0.on_click(func() { self.select(0) })
+		self.b1.on_click(func() { self.select(1) })
+		self.b2.on_click(func() { self.select(2) })
+		self.b3.on_click(func() { self.select(3) })
+		self.b4.on_click(func() { self.select(4) })
 	}
 
 	// Wire the row into the caller's grid under `parent`.
-	pub func add_to = (ref self, ref Container grid, int parent, int span) {
+	pub func add_to = (ref self {}, ref Container grid { aligns, cols, dirty, dirty_idx, gaps, grows, h_kinds, h_vals, handles, kinds, measured_count, mh, mw, pads, pars, prh, prw, prx, pry, rh, rw, rx, ry, shrinks, spans, w_kinds, w_vals }, int parent, int span) {
 		var int hs = grid.add_hstack(parent, 6, span)
 		grid.add_to_intrinsic(hs, self.prev.handle, 1)
 		grid.add_to_intrinsic(hs, self.b0.handle, 1)
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ pub mv struct Pagination {
 		return self.current
 	}
 
-	pub func select = (ref self, int index) {
+	pub func select = (ref self {}, int index) {
 		var int i = index
 		if i < 0 { i = 0 }
 		if i > self.pages - 1 { i = self.pages - 1 }
@@ -108,14 +108,14 @@ pub mv struct Pagination {
 		self.page_change_pending = true
 	}
 
-	pub func next = (ref self) {
+	pub func next = (ref self {}) {
 		if self.current < self.pages - 1 {
 			self.current += 1
 			self.page_change_pending = true
 		}
 	}
 
-	pub func prev = (ref self) {
+	pub func prev = (ref self {}) {
 		if self.current > 0 {
 			self.current -= 1
 			self.page_change_pending = true
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ pub mv struct Pagination {
 
 	// The declared event API (docs/HANDLERS.md Stage 3): the desugar's
 	// enrollment rewrite calls this with the app handler's dispatch id.
-	pub func on_page_change = (ref self, int id) {
+	pub func on_page_change = (ref self {}, int id) {
 		self.page_change_id = id
 	}
 
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ pub mv struct Pagination {
 	// change calls back into the app's `run_handler` (one vtable hop into
 	// the concrete override). The borrow flows down per call; nothing is
 	// stored and nothing outlives the tick.
-	pub func tick = (ref self, ref App owner, ref Window win) {
+	pub func tick = (ref self {}, ref App owner, ref Window win {}) {
 		if self.page_change_pending && self.page_change_id >= 0 {
 			owner.run_handler(self.page_change_id, ref win)
 		}

package/core/System/Controls/Popover.nm

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ pub struct PopSize {
 	pub var height = 0
 }
 
-pub mv struct Popover : Control {
+pub mv struct Popover: Control {
 	var uint64 handle = 0
 
 	pub func #init = (self, Window window) {
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ pub mv struct Popover : Control {
 
 	// ── Control trait conformance ──
 	// A popover is window-coordinated: the layout engine never frames it.
-	pub func set_frame = (ref self, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
+	pub func set_frame = (ref self {}, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
 		// No-op: the popover positions itself relative to its anchor.
 	}
 

package/core/System/Controls/Progress.nm

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
  * For the spinning variant (macOS styles the SAME control differently, iOS
  * uses a distinct class) see `Spinner`.
  **/
-pub mv struct Progress : Control {
+pub mv struct Progress: Control {
 	var uint64 handle = 0
 
 	pub func #init = (self, Window window) {
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ pub mv struct Progress : Control {
 		```
 	}
 
-	pub func set_frame = (ref self, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
+	pub func set_frame = (ref self {}, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
 		```
 		#arch: c
 		#platform: macos

package/core/System/Controls/Radio.nm

@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@
  * the rest. The control itself is a CheckBox sibling (button type 4,
  * NSRadioButton). iOS defers to Segmented or a checkmark list.
  **/
-pub mv struct Radio : Control {
+pub mv struct Radio: Control {
 	var uint64 handle = 0
 
 	// The `#handle` hook synthesizes `NameHandle` — a copyable, non-owning
 	// twin (same public bare-self methods, no destroy) so closures can
 	// capture this control without moving it. See GUI.md, "Handles".
-	#handle = () {}
+	#handle = () { }
 
 	pub func #init = (self, Window window, string title) {
 		```
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ pub mv struct Radio : Control {
 		```
 	}
 
-	pub func set_frame = (ref self, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
+	pub func set_frame = (ref self {}, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
 		```
 		#arch: c
 		#platform: macos