node-red-contrib-tak-registration 0.2.2 → 0.3.0

package/node_modules/d3-geo/build/d3-geo.js

@@ -0,0 +1,2987 @@
+// https://d3js.org/d3-geo/ Version 1.7.1. Copyright 2017 Mike Bostock.
+(function (global, factory) {
+	typeof exports === 'object' && typeof module !== 'undefined' ? factory(exports, require('d3-array')) :
+	typeof define === 'function' && define.amd ? define(['exports', 'd3-array'], factory) :
+	(factory((global.d3 = global.d3 || {}),global.d3));
+}(this, (function (exports,d3Array) { 'use strict';
+
+// Adds floating point numbers with twice the normal precision.
+// Reference: J. R. Shewchuk, Adaptive Precision Floating-Point Arithmetic and
+// Fast Robust Geometric Predicates, Discrete & Computational Geometry 18(3)
+// 305–363 (1997).
+// Code adapted from GeographicLib by Charles F. F. Karney,
+// http://geographiclib.sourceforge.net/
+
+var adder = function() {
+  return new Adder;
+};
+
+function Adder() {
+  this.reset();
+}
+
+Adder.prototype = {
+  constructor: Adder,
+  reset: function() {
+    this.s = // rounded value
+    this.t = 0; // exact error
+  },
+  add: function(y) {
+    add(temp, y, this.t);
+    add(this, temp.s, this.s);
+    if (this.s) this.t += temp.t;
+    else this.s = temp.t;
+  },
+  valueOf: function() {
+    return this.s;
+  }
+};
+
+var temp = new Adder;
+
+function add(adder, a, b) {
+  var x = adder.s = a + b,
+      bv = x - a,
+      av = x - bv;
+  adder.t = (a - av) + (b - bv);
+}
+
+var epsilon = 1e-6;
+var epsilon2 = 1e-12;
+var pi = Math.PI;
+var halfPi = pi / 2;
+var quarterPi = pi / 4;
+var tau = pi * 2;
+
+var degrees = 180 / pi;
+var radians = pi / 180;
+
+var abs = Math.abs;
+var atan = Math.atan;
+var atan2 = Math.atan2;
+var cos = Math.cos;
+var ceil = Math.ceil;
+var exp = Math.exp;
+
+var log = Math.log;
+var pow = Math.pow;
+var sin = Math.sin;
+var sign = Math.sign || function(x) { return x > 0 ? 1 : x < 0 ? -1 : 0; };
+var sqrt = Math.sqrt;
+var tan = Math.tan;
+
+function acos(x) {
+  return x > 1 ? 0 : x < -1 ? pi : Math.acos(x);
+}
+
+function asin(x) {
+  return x > 1 ? halfPi : x < -1 ? -halfPi : Math.asin(x);
+}
+
+function haversin(x) {
+  return (x = sin(x / 2)) * x;
+}
+
+function noop() {}
+
+function streamGeometry(geometry, stream) {
+  if (geometry && streamGeometryType.hasOwnProperty(geometry.type)) {
+    streamGeometryType[geometry.type](geometry, stream);
+  }
+}
+
+var streamObjectType = {
+  Feature: function(object, stream) {
+    streamGeometry(object.geometry, stream);
+  },
+  FeatureCollection: function(object, stream) {
+    var features = object.features, i = -1, n = features.length;
+    while (++i < n) streamGeometry(features[i].geometry, stream);
+  }
+};
+
+var streamGeometryType = {
+  Sphere: function(object, stream) {
+    stream.sphere();
+  },
+  Point: function(object, stream) {
+    object = object.coordinates;
+    stream.point(object[0], object[1], object[2]);
+  },
+  MultiPoint: function(object, stream) {
+    var coordinates = object.coordinates, i = -1, n = coordinates.length;
+    while (++i < n) object = coordinates[i], stream.point(object[0], object[1], object[2]);
+  },
+  LineString: function(object, stream) {
+    streamLine(object.coordinates, stream, 0);
+  },
+  MultiLineString: function(object, stream) {
+    var coordinates = object.coordinates, i = -1, n = coordinates.length;
+    while (++i < n) streamLine(coordinates[i], stream, 0);
+  },
+  Polygon: function(object, stream) {
+    streamPolygon(object.coordinates, stream);
+  },
+  MultiPolygon: function(object, stream) {
+    var coordinates = object.coordinates, i = -1, n = coordinates.length;
+    while (++i < n) streamPolygon(coordinates[i], stream);
+  },
+  GeometryCollection: function(object, stream) {
+    var geometries = object.geometries, i = -1, n = geometries.length;
+    while (++i < n) streamGeometry(geometries[i], stream);
+  }
+};
+
+function streamLine(coordinates, stream, closed) {
+  var i = -1, n = coordinates.length - closed, coordinate;
+  stream.lineStart();
+  while (++i < n) coordinate = coordinates[i], stream.point(coordinate[0], coordinate[1], coordinate[2]);
+  stream.lineEnd();
+}
+
+function streamPolygon(coordinates, stream) {
+  var i = -1, n = coordinates.length;
+  stream.polygonStart();
+  while (++i < n) streamLine(coordinates[i], stream, 1);
+  stream.polygonEnd();
+}
+
+var geoStream = function(object, stream) {
+  if (object && streamObjectType.hasOwnProperty(object.type)) {
+    streamObjectType[object.type](object, stream);
+  } else {
+    streamGeometry(object, stream);
+  }
+};
+
+var areaRingSum = adder();
+
+var areaSum = adder();
+var lambda00;
+var phi00;
+var lambda0;
+var cosPhi0;
+var sinPhi0;
+
+var areaStream = {
+  point: noop,
+  lineStart: noop,
+  lineEnd: noop,
+  polygonStart: function() {
+    areaRingSum.reset();
+    areaStream.lineStart = areaRingStart;
+    areaStream.lineEnd = areaRingEnd;
+  },
+  polygonEnd: function() {
+    var areaRing = +areaRingSum;
+    areaSum.add(areaRing < 0 ? tau + areaRing : areaRing);
+    this.lineStart = this.lineEnd = this.point = noop;
+  },
+  sphere: function() {
+    areaSum.add(tau);
+  }
+};
+
+function areaRingStart() {
+  areaStream.point = areaPointFirst;
+}
+
+function areaRingEnd() {
+  areaPoint(lambda00, phi00);
+}
+
+function areaPointFirst(lambda, phi) {
+  areaStream.point = areaPoint;
+  lambda00 = lambda, phi00 = phi;
+  lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
+  lambda0 = lambda, cosPhi0 = cos(phi = phi / 2 + quarterPi), sinPhi0 = sin(phi);
+}
+
+function areaPoint(lambda, phi) {
+  lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
+  phi = phi / 2 + quarterPi; // half the angular distance from south pole
+
+  // Spherical excess E for a spherical triangle with vertices: south pole,
+  // previous point, current point.  Uses a formula derived from Cagnoli’s
+  // theorem.  See Todhunter, Spherical Trig. (1871), Sec. 103, Eq. (2).
+  var dLambda = lambda - lambda0,
+      sdLambda = dLambda >= 0 ? 1 : -1,
+      adLambda = sdLambda * dLambda,
+      cosPhi = cos(phi),
+      sinPhi = sin(phi),
+      k = sinPhi0 * sinPhi,
+      u = cosPhi0 * cosPhi + k * cos(adLambda),
+      v = k * sdLambda * sin(adLambda);
+  areaRingSum.add(atan2(v, u));
+
+  // Advance the previous points.
+  lambda0 = lambda, cosPhi0 = cosPhi, sinPhi0 = sinPhi;
+}
+
+var area = function(object) {
+  areaSum.reset();
+  geoStream(object, areaStream);
+  return areaSum * 2;
+};
+
+function spherical(cartesian) {
+  return [atan2(cartesian[1], cartesian[0]), asin(cartesian[2])];
+}
+
+function cartesian(spherical) {
+  var lambda = spherical[0], phi = spherical[1], cosPhi = cos(phi);
+  return [cosPhi * cos(lambda), cosPhi * sin(lambda), sin(phi)];
+}
+
+function cartesianDot(a, b) {
+  return a[0] * b[0] + a[1] * b[1] + a[2] * b[2];
+}
+
+function cartesianCross(a, b) {
+  return [a[1] * b[2] - a[2] * b[1], a[2] * b[0] - a[0] * b[2], a[0] * b[1] - a[1] * b[0]];
+}
+
+// TODO return a
+function cartesianAddInPlace(a, b) {
+  a[0] += b[0], a[1] += b[1], a[2] += b[2];
+}
+
+function cartesianScale(vector, k) {
+  return [vector[0] * k, vector[1] * k, vector[2] * k];
+}
+
+// TODO return d
+function cartesianNormalizeInPlace(d) {
+  var l = sqrt(d[0] * d[0] + d[1] * d[1] + d[2] * d[2]);
+  d[0] /= l, d[1] /= l, d[2] /= l;
+}
+
+var lambda0$1;
+var phi0;
+var lambda1;
+var phi1;
+var lambda2;
+var lambda00$1;
+var phi00$1;
+var p0;
+var deltaSum = adder();
+var ranges;
+var range$1;
+
+var boundsStream = {
+  point: boundsPoint,
+  lineStart: boundsLineStart,
+  lineEnd: boundsLineEnd,
+  polygonStart: function() {
+    boundsStream.point = boundsRingPoint;
+    boundsStream.lineStart = boundsRingStart;
+    boundsStream.lineEnd = boundsRingEnd;
+    deltaSum.reset();
+    areaStream.polygonStart();
+  },
+  polygonEnd: function() {
+    areaStream.polygonEnd();
+    boundsStream.point = boundsPoint;
+    boundsStream.lineStart = boundsLineStart;
+    boundsStream.lineEnd = boundsLineEnd;
+    if (areaRingSum < 0) lambda0$1 = -(lambda1 = 180), phi0 = -(phi1 = 90);
+    else if (deltaSum > epsilon) phi1 = 90;
+    else if (deltaSum < -epsilon) phi0 = -90;
+    range$1[0] = lambda0$1, range$1[1] = lambda1;
+  }
+};
+
+function boundsPoint(lambda, phi) {
+  ranges.push(range$1 = [lambda0$1 = lambda, lambda1 = lambda]);
+  if (phi < phi0) phi0 = phi;
+  if (phi > phi1) phi1 = phi;
+}
+
+function linePoint(lambda, phi) {
+  var p = cartesian([lambda * radians, phi * radians]);
+  if (p0) {
+    var normal = cartesianCross(p0, p),
+        equatorial = [normal[1], -normal[0], 0],
+        inflection = cartesianCross(equatorial, normal);
+    cartesianNormalizeInPlace(inflection);
+    inflection = spherical(inflection);
+    var delta = lambda - lambda2,
+        sign$$1 = delta > 0 ? 1 : -1,
+        lambdai = inflection[0] * degrees * sign$$1,
+        phii,
+        antimeridian = abs(delta) > 180;
+    if (antimeridian ^ (sign$$1 * lambda2 < lambdai && lambdai < sign$$1 * lambda)) {
+      phii = inflection[1] * degrees;
+      if (phii > phi1) phi1 = phii;
+    } else if (lambdai = (lambdai + 360) % 360 - 180, antimeridian ^ (sign$$1 * lambda2 < lambdai && lambdai < sign$$1 * lambda)) {
+      phii = -inflection[1] * degrees;
+      if (phii < phi0) phi0 = phii;
+    } else {
+      if (phi < phi0) phi0 = phi;
+      if (phi > phi1) phi1 = phi;
+    }
+    if (antimeridian) {
+      if (lambda < lambda2) {
+        if (angle(lambda0$1, lambda) > angle(lambda0$1, lambda1)) lambda1 = lambda;
+      } else {
+        if (angle(lambda, lambda1) > angle(lambda0$1, lambda1)) lambda0$1 = lambda;
+      }
+    } else {
+      if (lambda1 >= lambda0$1) {
+        if (lambda < lambda0$1) lambda0$1 = lambda;
+        if (lambda > lambda1) lambda1 = lambda;
+      } else {
+        if (lambda > lambda2) {
+          if (angle(lambda0$1, lambda) > angle(lambda0$1, lambda1)) lambda1 = lambda;
+        } else {
+          if (angle(lambda, lambda1) > angle(lambda0$1, lambda1)) lambda0$1 = lambda;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    ranges.push(range$1 = [lambda0$1 = lambda, lambda1 = lambda]);
+  }
+  if (phi < phi0) phi0 = phi;
+  if (phi > phi1) phi1 = phi;
+  p0 = p, lambda2 = lambda;
+}
+
+function boundsLineStart() {
+  boundsStream.point = linePoint;
+}
+
+function boundsLineEnd() {
+  range$1[0] = lambda0$1, range$1[1] = lambda1;
+  boundsStream.point = boundsPoint;
+  p0 = null;
+}
+
+function boundsRingPoint(lambda, phi) {
+  if (p0) {
+    var delta = lambda - lambda2;
+    deltaSum.add(abs(delta) > 180 ? delta + (delta > 0 ? 360 : -360) : delta);
+  } else {
+    lambda00$1 = lambda, phi00$1 = phi;
+  }
+  areaStream.point(lambda, phi);
+  linePoint(lambda, phi);
+}
+
+function boundsRingStart() {
+  areaStream.lineStart();
+}
+
+function boundsRingEnd() {
+  boundsRingPoint(lambda00$1, phi00$1);
+  areaStream.lineEnd();
+  if (abs(deltaSum) > epsilon) lambda0$1 = -(lambda1 = 180);
+  range$1[0] = lambda0$1, range$1[1] = lambda1;
+  p0 = null;
+}
+
+// Finds the left-right distance between two longitudes.
+// This is almost the same as (lambda1 - lambda0 + 360°) % 360°, except that we want
+// the distance between ±180° to be 360°.
+function angle(lambda0, lambda1) {
+  return (lambda1 -= lambda0) < 0 ? lambda1 + 360 : lambda1;
+}
+
+function rangeCompare(a, b) {
+  return a[0] - b[0];
+}
+
+function rangeContains(range$$1, x) {
+  return range$$1[0] <= range$$1[1] ? range$$1[0] <= x && x <= range$$1[1] : x < range$$1[0] || range$$1[1] < x;
+}
+
+var bounds = function(feature) {
+  var i, n, a, b, merged, deltaMax, delta;
+
+  phi1 = lambda1 = -(lambda0$1 = phi0 = Infinity);
+  ranges = [];
+  geoStream(feature, boundsStream);
+
+  // First, sort ranges by their minimum longitudes.
+  if (n = ranges.length) {
+    ranges.sort(rangeCompare);
+
+    // Then, merge any ranges that overlap.
+    for (i = 1, a = ranges[0], merged = [a]; i < n; ++i) {
+      b = ranges[i];
+      if (rangeContains(a, b[0]) || rangeContains(a, b[1])) {
+        if (angle(a[0], b[1]) > angle(a[0], a[1])) a[1] = b[1];
+        if (angle(b[0], a[1]) > angle(a[0], a[1])) a[0] = b[0];
+      } else {
+        merged.push(a = b);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Finally, find the largest gap between the merged ranges.
+    // The final bounding box will be the inverse of this gap.
+    for (deltaMax = -Infinity, n = merged.length - 1, i = 0, a = merged[n]; i <= n; a = b, ++i) {
+      b = merged[i];
+      if ((delta = angle(a[1], b[0])) > deltaMax) deltaMax = delta, lambda0$1 = b[0], lambda1 = a[1];
+    }
+  }
+
+  ranges = range$1 = null;
+
+  return lambda0$1 === Infinity || phi0 === Infinity
+      ? [[NaN, NaN], [NaN, NaN]]
+      : [[lambda0$1, phi0], [lambda1, phi1]];
+};
+
+var W0;
+var W1;
+var X0;
+var Y0;
+var Z0;
+var X1;
+var Y1;
+var Z1;
+var X2;
+var Y2;
+var Z2;
+var lambda00$2;
+var phi00$2;
+var x0;
+var y0;
+var z0; // previous point
+
+var centroidStream = {
+  sphere: noop,
+  point: centroidPoint,
+  lineStart: centroidLineStart,
+  lineEnd: centroidLineEnd,
+  polygonStart: function() {
+    centroidStream.lineStart = centroidRingStart;
+    centroidStream.lineEnd = centroidRingEnd;
+  },
+  polygonEnd: function() {
+    centroidStream.lineStart = centroidLineStart;
+    centroidStream.lineEnd = centroidLineEnd;
+  }
+};
+
+// Arithmetic mean of Cartesian vectors.
+function centroidPoint(lambda, phi) {
+  lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
+  var cosPhi = cos(phi);
+  centroidPointCartesian(cosPhi * cos(lambda), cosPhi * sin(lambda), sin(phi));
+}
+
+function centroidPointCartesian(x, y, z) {
+  ++W0;
+  X0 += (x - X0) / W0;
+  Y0 += (y - Y0) / W0;
+  Z0 += (z - Z0) / W0;
+}
+
+function centroidLineStart() {
+  centroidStream.point = centroidLinePointFirst;
+}
+
+function centroidLinePointFirst(lambda, phi) {
+  lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
+  var cosPhi = cos(phi);
+  x0 = cosPhi * cos(lambda);
+  y0 = cosPhi * sin(lambda);
+  z0 = sin(phi);
+  centroidStream.point = centroidLinePoint;
+  centroidPointCartesian(x0, y0, z0);
+}
+
+function centroidLinePoint(lambda, phi) {
+  lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
+  var cosPhi = cos(phi),
+      x = cosPhi * cos(lambda),
+      y = cosPhi * sin(lambda),
+      z = sin(phi),
+      w = atan2(sqrt((w = y0 * z - z0 * y) * w + (w = z0 * x - x0 * z) * w + (w = x0 * y - y0 * x) * w), x0 * x + y0 * y + z0 * z);
+  W1 += w;
+  X1 += w * (x0 + (x0 = x));
+  Y1 += w * (y0 + (y0 = y));
+  Z1 += w * (z0 + (z0 = z));
+  centroidPointCartesian(x0, y0, z0);
+}
+
+function centroidLineEnd() {
+  centroidStream.point = centroidPoint;
+}
+
+// See J. E. Brock, The Inertia Tensor for a Spherical Triangle,
+// J. Applied Mechanics 42, 239 (1975).
+function centroidRingStart() {
+  centroidStream.point = centroidRingPointFirst;
+}
+
+function centroidRingEnd() {
+  centroidRingPoint(lambda00$2, phi00$2);
+  centroidStream.point = centroidPoint;
+}
+
+function centroidRingPointFirst(lambda, phi) {
+  lambda00$2 = lambda, phi00$2 = phi;
+  lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
+  centroidStream.point = centroidRingPoint;
+  var cosPhi = cos(phi);
+  x0 = cosPhi * cos(lambda);
+  y0 = cosPhi * sin(lambda);
+  z0 = sin(phi);
+  centroidPointCartesian(x0, y0, z0);
+}
+
+function centroidRingPoint(lambda, phi) {
+  lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
+  var cosPhi = cos(phi),
+      x = cosPhi * cos(lambda),
+      y = cosPhi * sin(lambda),
+      z = sin(phi),
+      cx = y0 * z - z0 * y,
+      cy = z0 * x - x0 * z,
+      cz = x0 * y - y0 * x,
+      m = sqrt(cx * cx + cy * cy + cz * cz),
+      w = asin(m), // line weight = angle
+      v = m && -w / m; // area weight multiplier
+  X2 += v * cx;
+  Y2 += v * cy;
+  Z2 += v * cz;
+  W1 += w;
+  X1 += w * (x0 + (x0 = x));
+  Y1 += w * (y0 + (y0 = y));
+  Z1 += w * (z0 + (z0 = z));
+  centroidPointCartesian(x0, y0, z0);
+}
+
+var centroid = function(object) {
+  W0 = W1 =
+  X0 = Y0 = Z0 =
+  X1 = Y1 = Z1 =
+  X2 = Y2 = Z2 = 0;
+  geoStream(object, centroidStream);
+
+  var x = X2,
+      y = Y2,
+      z = Z2,
+      m = x * x + y * y + z * z;
+
+  // If the area-weighted ccentroid is undefined, fall back to length-weighted ccentroid.
+  if (m < epsilon2) {
+    x = X1, y = Y1, z = Z1;
+    // If the feature has zero length, fall back to arithmetic mean of point vectors.
+    if (W1 < epsilon) x = X0, y = Y0, z = Z0;
+    m = x * x + y * y + z * z;
+    // If the feature still has an undefined ccentroid, then return.
+    if (m < epsilon2) return [NaN, NaN];
+  }
+
+  return [atan2(y, x) * degrees, asin(z / sqrt(m)) * degrees];
+};
+
+var constant = function(x) {
+  return function() {
+    return x;
+  };
+};
+
+var compose = function(a, b) {
+
+  function compose(x, y) {
+    return x = a(x, y), b(x[0], x[1]);
+  }
+
+  if (a.invert && b.invert) compose.invert = function(x, y) {
+    return x = b.invert(x, y), x && a.invert(x[0], x[1]);
+  };
+
+  return compose;
+};
+
+function rotationIdentity(lambda, phi) {
+  return [lambda > pi ? lambda - tau : lambda < -pi ? lambda + tau : lambda, phi];
+}
+
+rotationIdentity.invert = rotationIdentity;
+
+function rotateRadians(deltaLambda, deltaPhi, deltaGamma) {
+  return (deltaLambda %= tau) ? (deltaPhi || deltaGamma ? compose(rotationLambda(deltaLambda), rotationPhiGamma(deltaPhi, deltaGamma))
+    : rotationLambda(deltaLambda))
+    : (deltaPhi || deltaGamma ? rotationPhiGamma(deltaPhi, deltaGamma)
+    : rotationIdentity);
+}
+
+function forwardRotationLambda(deltaLambda) {
+  return function(lambda, phi) {
+    return lambda += deltaLambda, [lambda > pi ? lambda - tau : lambda < -pi ? lambda + tau : lambda, phi];
+  };
+}
+
+function rotationLambda(deltaLambda) {
+  var rotation = forwardRotationLambda(deltaLambda);
+  rotation.invert = forwardRotationLambda(-deltaLambda);
+  return rotation;
+}
+
+function rotationPhiGamma(deltaPhi, deltaGamma) {
+  var cosDeltaPhi = cos(deltaPhi),
+      sinDeltaPhi = sin(deltaPhi),
+      cosDeltaGamma = cos(deltaGamma),
+      sinDeltaGamma = sin(deltaGamma);
+
+  function rotation(lambda, phi) {
+    var cosPhi = cos(phi),
+        x = cos(lambda) * cosPhi,
+        y = sin(lambda) * cosPhi,
+        z = sin(phi),
+        k = z * cosDeltaPhi + x * sinDeltaPhi;
+    return [
+      atan2(y * cosDeltaGamma - k * sinDeltaGamma, x * cosDeltaPhi - z * sinDeltaPhi),
+      asin(k * cosDeltaGamma + y * sinDeltaGamma)
+    ];
+  }
+
+  rotation.invert = function(lambda, phi) {
+    var cosPhi = cos(phi),
+        x = cos(lambda) * cosPhi,
+        y = sin(lambda) * cosPhi,
+        z = sin(phi),
+        k = z * cosDeltaGamma - y * sinDeltaGamma;
+    return [
+      atan2(y * cosDeltaGamma + z * sinDeltaGamma, x * cosDeltaPhi + k * sinDeltaPhi),
+      asin(k * cosDeltaPhi - x * sinDeltaPhi)
+    ];
+  };
+
+  return rotation;
+}
+
+var rotation = function(rotate) {
+  rotate = rotateRadians(rotate[0] * radians, rotate[1] * radians, rotate.length > 2 ? rotate[2] * radians : 0);
+
+  function forward(coordinates) {
+    coordinates = rotate(coordinates[0] * radians, coordinates[1] * radians);
+    return coordinates[0] *= degrees, coordinates[1] *= degrees, coordinates;
+  }
+
+  forward.invert = function(coordinates) {
+    coordinates = rotate.invert(coordinates[0] * radians, coordinates[1] * radians);
+    return coordinates[0] *= degrees, coordinates[1] *= degrees, coordinates;
+  };
+
+  return forward;
+};
+
+// Generates a circle centered at [0°, 0°], with a given radius and precision.
+function circleStream(stream, radius, delta, direction, t0, t1) {
+  if (!delta) return;
+  var cosRadius = cos(radius),
+      sinRadius = sin(radius),
+      step = direction * delta;
+  if (t0 == null) {
+    t0 = radius + direction * tau;
+    t1 = radius - step / 2;
+  } else {
+    t0 = circleRadius(cosRadius, t0);
+    t1 = circleRadius(cosRadius, t1);
+    if (direction > 0 ? t0 < t1 : t0 > t1) t0 += direction * tau;
+  }
+  for (var point, t = t0; direction > 0 ? t > t1 : t < t1; t -= step) {
+    point = spherical([cosRadius, -sinRadius * cos(t), -sinRadius * sin(t)]);
+    stream.point(point[0], point[1]);
+  }
+}
+
+// Returns the signed angle of a cartesian point relative to [cosRadius, 0, 0].
+function circleRadius(cosRadius, point) {
+  point = cartesian(point), point[0] -= cosRadius;
+  cartesianNormalizeInPlace(point);
+  var radius = acos(-point[1]);
+  return ((-point[2] < 0 ? -radius : radius) + tau - epsilon) % tau;
+}
+
+var circle = function() {
+  var center = constant([0, 0]),
+      radius = constant(90),
+      precision = constant(6),
+      ring,
+      rotate,
+      stream = {point: point};
+
+  function point(x, y) {
+    ring.push(x = rotate(x, y));
+    x[0] *= degrees, x[1] *= degrees;
+  }
+
+  function circle() {
+    var c = center.apply(this, arguments),
+        r = radius.apply(this, arguments) * radians,
+        p = precision.apply(this, arguments) * radians;
+    ring = [];
+    rotate = rotateRadians(-c[0] * radians, -c[1] * radians, 0).invert;
+    circleStream(stream, r, p, 1);
+    c = {type: "Polygon", coordinates: [ring]};
+    ring = rotate = null;
+    return c;
+  }
+
+  circle.center = function(_) {
+    return arguments.length ? (center = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant([+_[0], +_[1]]), circle) : center;
+  };
+
+  circle.radius = function(_) {
+    return arguments.length ? (radius = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant(+_), circle) : radius;
+  };
+
+  circle.precision = function(_) {
+    return arguments.length ? (precision = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : constant(+_), circle) : precision;
+  };
+
+  return circle;
+};
+
+var clipBuffer = function() {
+  var lines = [],
+      line;
+  return {
+    point: function(x, y) {
+      line.push([x, y]);
+    },
+    lineStart: function() {
+      lines.push(line = []);
+    },
+    lineEnd: noop,
+    rejoin: function() {
+      if (lines.length > 1) lines.push(lines.pop().concat(lines.shift()));
+    },
+    result: function() {
+      var result = lines;
+      lines = [];
+      line = null;
+      return result;
+    }
+  };
+};
+
+var clipLine = function(a, b, x0, y0, x1, y1) {
+  var ax = a[0],
+      ay = a[1],
+      bx = b[0],
+      by = b[1],
+      t0 = 0,
+      t1 = 1,
+      dx = bx - ax,
+      dy = by - ay,
+      r;
+
+  r = x0 - ax;
+  if (!dx && r > 0) return;
+  r /= dx;
+  if (dx < 0) {
+    if (r < t0) return;
+    if (r < t1) t1 = r;
+  } else if (dx > 0) {
+    if (r > t1) return;
+    if (r > t0) t0 = r;
+  }
+
+  r = x1 - ax;
+  if (!dx && r < 0) return;
+  r /= dx;
+  if (dx < 0) {
+    if (r > t1) return;
+    if (r > t0) t0 = r;
+  } else if (dx > 0) {
+    if (r < t0) return;
+    if (r < t1) t1 = r;
+  }
+
+  r = y0 - ay;
+  if (!dy && r > 0) return;
+  r /= dy;
+  if (dy < 0) {
+    if (r < t0) return;
+    if (r < t1) t1 = r;
+  } else if (dy > 0) {
+    if (r > t1) return;
+    if (r > t0) t0 = r;
+  }
+
+  r = y1 - ay;
+  if (!dy && r < 0) return;
+  r /= dy;
+  if (dy < 0) {
+    if (r > t1) return;
+    if (r > t0) t0 = r;
+  } else if (dy > 0) {
+    if (r < t0) return;
+    if (r < t1) t1 = r;
+  }
+
+  if (t0 > 0) a[0] = ax + t0 * dx, a[1] = ay + t0 * dy;
+  if (t1 < 1) b[0] = ax + t1 * dx, b[1] = ay + t1 * dy;
+  return true;
+};
+
+var pointEqual = function(a, b) {
+  return abs(a[0] - b[0]) < epsilon && abs(a[1] - b[1]) < epsilon;
+};
+
+function Intersection(point, points, other, entry) {
+  this.x = point;
+  this.z = points;
+  this.o = other; // another intersection
+  this.e = entry; // is an entry?
+  this.v = false; // visited
+  this.n = this.p = null; // next & previous
+}
+
+// A generalized polygon clipping algorithm: given a polygon that has been cut
+// into its visible line segments, and rejoins the segments by interpolating
+// along the clip edge.
+var clipPolygon = function(segments, compareIntersection, startInside, interpolate, stream) {
+  var subject = [],
+      clip = [],
+      i,
+      n;
+
+  segments.forEach(function(segment) {
+    if ((n = segment.length - 1) <= 0) return;
+    var n, p0 = segment[0], p1 = segment[n], x;
+
+    // If the first and last points of a segment are coincident, then treat as a
+    // closed ring. TODO if all rings are closed, then the winding order of the
+    // exterior ring should be checked.
+    if (pointEqual(p0, p1)) {
+      stream.lineStart();
+      for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) stream.point((p0 = segment[i])[0], p0[1]);
+      stream.lineEnd();
+      return;
+    }
+
+    subject.push(x = new Intersection(p0, segment, null, true));
+    clip.push(x.o = new Intersection(p0, null, x, false));
+    subject.push(x = new Intersection(p1, segment, null, false));
+    clip.push(x.o = new Intersection(p1, null, x, true));
+  });
+
+  if (!subject.length) return;
+
+  clip.sort(compareIntersection);
+  link(subject);
+  link(clip);
+
+  for (i = 0, n = clip.length; i < n; ++i) {
+    clip[i].e = startInside = !startInside;
+  }
+
+  var start = subject[0],
+      points,
+      point;
+
+  while (1) {
+    // Find first unvisited intersection.
+    var current = start,
+        isSubject = true;
+    while (current.v) if ((current = current.n) === start) return;
+    points = current.z;
+    stream.lineStart();
+    do {
+      current.v = current.o.v = true;
+      if (current.e) {
+        if (isSubject) {
+          for (i = 0, n = points.length; i < n; ++i) stream.point((point = points[i])[0], point[1]);
+        } else {
+          interpolate(current.x, current.n.x, 1, stream);
+        }
+        current = current.n;
+      } else {
+        if (isSubject) {
+          points = current.p.z;
+          for (i = points.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) stream.point((point = points[i])[0], point[1]);
+        } else {
+          interpolate(current.x, current.p.x, -1, stream);
+        }
+        current = current.p;
+      }
+      current = current.o;
+      points = current.z;
+      isSubject = !isSubject;
+    } while (!current.v);
+    stream.lineEnd();
+  }
+};
+
+function link(array) {
+  if (!(n = array.length)) return;
+  var n,
+      i = 0,
+      a = array[0],
+      b;
+  while (++i < n) {
+    a.n = b = array[i];
+    b.p = a;
+    a = b;
+  }
+  a.n = b = array[0];
+  b.p = a;
+}
+
+var clipMax = 1e9;
+var clipMin = -clipMax;
+
+// TODO Use d3-polygon’s polygonContains here for the ring check?
+// TODO Eliminate duplicate buffering in clipBuffer and polygon.push?
+
+function clipExtent(x0, y0, x1, y1) {
+
+  function visible(x, y) {
+    return x0 <= x && x <= x1 && y0 <= y && y <= y1;
+  }
+
+  function interpolate(from, to, direction, stream) {
+    var a = 0, a1 = 0;
+    if (from == null
+        || (a = corner(from, direction)) !== (a1 = corner(to, direction))
+        || comparePoint(from, to) < 0 ^ direction > 0) {
+      do stream.point(a === 0 || a === 3 ? x0 : x1, a > 1 ? y1 : y0);
+      while ((a = (a + direction + 4) % 4) !== a1);
+    } else {
+      stream.point(to[0], to[1]);
+    }
+  }
+
+  function corner(p, direction) {
+    return abs(p[0] - x0) < epsilon ? direction > 0 ? 0 : 3
+        : abs(p[0] - x1) < epsilon ? direction > 0 ? 2 : 1
+        : abs(p[1] - y0) < epsilon ? direction > 0 ? 1 : 0
+        : direction > 0 ? 3 : 2; // abs(p[1] - y1) < epsilon
+  }
+
+  function compareIntersection(a, b) {
+    return comparePoint(a.x, b.x);
+  }
+
+  function comparePoint(a, b) {
+    var ca = corner(a, 1),
+        cb = corner(b, 1);
+    return ca !== cb ? ca - cb
+        : ca === 0 ? b[1] - a[1]
+        : ca === 1 ? a[0] - b[0]
+        : ca === 2 ? a[1] - b[1]
+        : b[0] - a[0];
+  }
+
+  return function(stream) {
+    var activeStream = stream,
+        bufferStream = clipBuffer(),
+        segments,
+        polygon,
+        ring,
+        x__, y__, v__, // first point
+        x_, y_, v_, // previous point
+        first,
+        clean;
+
+    var clipStream = {
+      point: point,
+      lineStart: lineStart,
+      lineEnd: lineEnd,
+      polygonStart: polygonStart,
+      polygonEnd: polygonEnd
+    };
+
+    function point(x, y) {
+      if (visible(x, y)) activeStream.point(x, y);
+    }
+
+    function polygonInside() {
+      var winding = 0;
+
+      for (var i = 0, n = polygon.length; i < n; ++i) {
+        for (var ring = polygon[i], j = 1, m = ring.length, point = ring[0], a0, a1, b0 = point[0], b1 = point[1]; j < m; ++j) {
+          a0 = b0, a1 = b1, point = ring[j], b0 = point[0], b1 = point[1];
+          if (a1 <= y1) { if (b1 > y1 && (b0 - a0) * (y1 - a1) > (b1 - a1) * (x0 - a0)) ++winding; }
+          else { if (b1 <= y1 && (b0 - a0) * (y1 - a1) < (b1 - a1) * (x0 - a0)) --winding; }
+        }
+      }
+
+      return winding;
+    }
+
+    // Buffer geometry within a polygon and then clip it en masse.
+    function polygonStart() {
+      activeStream = bufferStream, segments = [], polygon = [], clean = true;
+    }
+
+    function polygonEnd() {
+      var startInside = polygonInside(),
+          cleanInside = clean && startInside,
+          visible = (segments = d3Array.merge(segments)).length;
+      if (cleanInside || visible) {
+        stream.polygonStart();
+        if (cleanInside) {
+          stream.lineStart();
+          interpolate(null, null, 1, stream);
+          stream.lineEnd();
+        }
+        if (visible) {
+          clipPolygon(segments, compareIntersection, startInside, interpolate, stream);
+        }
+        stream.polygonEnd();
+      }
+      activeStream = stream, segments = polygon = ring = null;
+    }
+
+    function lineStart() {
+      clipStream.point = linePoint;
+      if (polygon) polygon.push(ring = []);
+      first = true;
+      v_ = false;
+      x_ = y_ = NaN;
+    }
+
+    // TODO rather than special-case polygons, simply handle them separately.
+    // Ideally, coincident intersection points should be jittered to avoid
+    // clipping issues.
+    function lineEnd() {
+      if (segments) {
+        linePoint(x__, y__);
+        if (v__ && v_) bufferStream.rejoin();
+        segments.push(bufferStream.result());
+      }
+      clipStream.point = point;
+      if (v_) activeStream.lineEnd();
+    }
+
+    function linePoint(x, y) {
+      var v = visible(x, y);
+      if (polygon) ring.push([x, y]);
+      if (first) {
+        x__ = x, y__ = y, v__ = v;
+        first = false;
+        if (v) {
+          activeStream.lineStart();
+          activeStream.point(x, y);
+        }
+      } else {
+        if (v && v_) activeStream.point(x, y);
+        else {
+          var a = [x_ = Math.max(clipMin, Math.min(clipMax, x_)), y_ = Math.max(clipMin, Math.min(clipMax, y_))],
+              b = [x = Math.max(clipMin, Math.min(clipMax, x)), y = Math.max(clipMin, Math.min(clipMax, y))];
+          if (clipLine(a, b, x0, y0, x1, y1)) {
+            if (!v_) {
+              activeStream.lineStart();
+              activeStream.point(a[0], a[1]);
+            }
+            activeStream.point(b[0], b[1]);
+            if (!v) activeStream.lineEnd();
+            clean = false;
+          } else if (v) {
+            activeStream.lineStart();
+            activeStream.point(x, y);
+            clean = false;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      x_ = x, y_ = y, v_ = v;
+    }
+
+    return clipStream;
+  };
+}
+
+var extent = function() {
+  var x0 = 0,
+      y0 = 0,
+      x1 = 960,
+      y1 = 500,
+      cache,
+      cacheStream,
+      clip;
+
+  return clip = {
+    stream: function(stream) {
+      return cache && cacheStream === stream ? cache : cache = clipExtent(x0, y0, x1, y1)(cacheStream = stream);
+    },
+    extent: function(_) {
+      return arguments.length ? (x0 = +_[0][0], y0 = +_[0][1], x1 = +_[1][0], y1 = +_[1][1], cache = cacheStream = null, clip) : [[x0, y0], [x1, y1]];
+    }
+  };
+};
+
+var sum = adder();
+
+var polygonContains = function(polygon, point) {
+  var lambda = point[0],
+      phi = point[1],
+      normal = [sin(lambda), -cos(lambda), 0],
+      angle = 0,
+      winding = 0;
+
+  sum.reset();
+
+  for (var i = 0, n = polygon.length; i < n; ++i) {
+    if (!(m = (ring = polygon[i]).length)) continue;
+    var ring,
+        m,
+        point0 = ring[m - 1],
+        lambda0 = point0[0],
+        phi0 = point0[1] / 2 + quarterPi,
+        sinPhi0 = sin(phi0),
+        cosPhi0 = cos(phi0);
+
+    for (var j = 0; j < m; ++j, lambda0 = lambda1, sinPhi0 = sinPhi1, cosPhi0 = cosPhi1, point0 = point1) {
+      var point1 = ring[j],
+          lambda1 = point1[0],
+          phi1 = point1[1] / 2 + quarterPi,
+          sinPhi1 = sin(phi1),
+          cosPhi1 = cos(phi1),
+          delta = lambda1 - lambda0,
+          sign$$1 = delta >= 0 ? 1 : -1,
+          absDelta = sign$$1 * delta,
+          antimeridian = absDelta > pi,
+          k = sinPhi0 * sinPhi1;
+
+      sum.add(atan2(k * sign$$1 * sin(absDelta), cosPhi0 * cosPhi1 + k * cos(absDelta)));
+      angle += antimeridian ? delta + sign$$1 * tau : delta;
+
+      // Are the longitudes either side of the point’s meridian (lambda),
+      // and are the latitudes smaller than the parallel (phi)?
+      if (antimeridian ^ lambda0 >= lambda ^ lambda1 >= lambda) {
+        var arc = cartesianCross(cartesian(point0), cartesian(point1));
+        cartesianNormalizeInPlace(arc);
+        var intersection = cartesianCross(normal, arc);
+        cartesianNormalizeInPlace(intersection);
+        var phiArc = (antimeridian ^ delta >= 0 ? -1 : 1) * asin(intersection[2]);
+        if (phi > phiArc || phi === phiArc && (arc[0] || arc[1])) {
+          winding += antimeridian ^ delta >= 0 ? 1 : -1;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // First, determine whether the South pole is inside or outside:
+  //
+  // It is inside if:
+  // * the polygon winds around it in a clockwise direction.
+  // * the polygon does not (cumulatively) wind around it, but has a negative
+  //   (counter-clockwise) area.
+  //
+  // Second, count the (signed) number of times a segment crosses a lambda
+  // from the point to the South pole.  If it is zero, then the point is the
+  // same side as the South pole.
+
+  return (angle < -epsilon || angle < epsilon && sum < -epsilon) ^ (winding & 1);
+};
+
+var lengthSum = adder();
+var lambda0$2;
+var sinPhi0$1;
+var cosPhi0$1;
+
+var lengthStream = {
+  sphere: noop,
+  point: noop,
+  lineStart: lengthLineStart,
+  lineEnd: noop,
+  polygonStart: noop,
+  polygonEnd: noop
+};
+
+function lengthLineStart() {
+  lengthStream.point = lengthPointFirst;
+  lengthStream.lineEnd = lengthLineEnd;
+}
+
+function lengthLineEnd() {
+  lengthStream.point = lengthStream.lineEnd = noop;
+}
+
+function lengthPointFirst(lambda, phi) {
+  lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
+  lambda0$2 = lambda, sinPhi0$1 = sin(phi), cosPhi0$1 = cos(phi);
+  lengthStream.point = lengthPoint;
+}
+
+function lengthPoint(lambda, phi) {
+  lambda *= radians, phi *= radians;
+  var sinPhi = sin(phi),
+      cosPhi = cos(phi),
+      delta = abs(lambda - lambda0$2),
+      cosDelta = cos(delta),
+      sinDelta = sin(delta),
+      x = cosPhi * sinDelta,
+      y = cosPhi0$1 * sinPhi - sinPhi0$1 * cosPhi * cosDelta,
+      z = sinPhi0$1 * sinPhi + cosPhi0$1 * cosPhi * cosDelta;
+  lengthSum.add(atan2(sqrt(x * x + y * y), z));
+  lambda0$2 = lambda, sinPhi0$1 = sinPhi, cosPhi0$1 = cosPhi;
+}
+
+var length = function(object) {
+  lengthSum.reset();
+  geoStream(object, lengthStream);
+  return +lengthSum;
+};
+
+var coordinates = [null, null];
+var object = {type: "LineString", coordinates: coordinates};
+
+var distance = function(a, b) {
+  coordinates[0] = a;
+  coordinates[1] = b;
+  return length(object);
+};
+
+var containsObjectType = {
+  Feature: function(object, point) {
+    return containsGeometry(object.geometry, point);
+  },
+  FeatureCollection: function(object, point) {
+    var features = object.features, i = -1, n = features.length;
+    while (++i < n) if (containsGeometry(features[i].geometry, point)) return true;
+    return false;
+  }
+};
+
+var containsGeometryType = {
+  Sphere: function() {
+    return true;
+  },
+  Point: function(object, point) {
+    return containsPoint(object.coordinates, point);
+  },
+  MultiPoint: function(object, point) {
+    var coordinates = object.coordinates, i = -1, n = coordinates.length;
+    while (++i < n) if (containsPoint(coordinates[i], point)) return true;
+    return false;
+  },
+  LineString: function(object, point) {
+    return containsLine(object.coordinates, point);
+  },
+  MultiLineString: function(object, point) {
+    var coordinates = object.coordinates, i = -1, n = coordinates.length;
+    while (++i < n) if (containsLine(coordinates[i], point)) return true;
+    return false;
+  },
+  Polygon: function(object, point) {
+    return containsPolygon(object.coordinates, point);
+  },
+  MultiPolygon: function(object, point) {
+    var coordinates = object.coordinates, i = -1, n = coordinates.length;
+    while (++i < n) if (containsPolygon(coordinates[i], point)) return true;
+    return false;
+  },
+  GeometryCollection: function(object, point) {
+    var geometries = object.geometries, i = -1, n = geometries.length;
+    while (++i < n) if (containsGeometry(geometries[i], point)) return true;
+    return false;
+  }
+};
+
+function containsGeometry(geometry, point) {
+  return geometry && containsGeometryType.hasOwnProperty(geometry.type)
+      ? containsGeometryType[geometry.type](geometry, point)
+      : false;
+}
+
+function containsPoint(coordinates, point) {
+  return distance(coordinates, point) === 0;
+}
+
+function containsLine(coordinates, point) {
+  var ab = distance(coordinates[0], coordinates[1]),
+      ao = distance(coordinates[0], point),
+      ob = distance(point, coordinates[1]);
+  return ao + ob <= ab + epsilon;
+}
+
+function containsPolygon(coordinates, point) {
+  return !!polygonContains(coordinates.map(ringRadians), pointRadians(point));
+}
+
+function ringRadians(ring) {
+  return ring = ring.map(pointRadians), ring.pop(), ring;
+}
+
+function pointRadians(point) {
+  return [point[0] * radians, point[1] * radians];
+}
+
+var contains = function(object, point) {
+  return (object && containsObjectType.hasOwnProperty(object.type)
+      ? containsObjectType[object.type]
+      : containsGeometry)(object, point);
+};
+
+function graticuleX(y0, y1, dy) {
+  var y = d3Array.range(y0, y1 - epsilon, dy).concat(y1);
+  return function(x) { return y.map(function(y) { return [x, y]; }); };
+}
+
+function graticuleY(x0, x1, dx) {
+  var x = d3Array.range(x0, x1 - epsilon, dx).concat(x1);
+  return function(y) { return x.map(function(x) { return [x, y]; }); };
+}
+
+function graticule() {
+  var x1, x0, X1, X0,
+      y1, y0, Y1, Y0,
+      dx = 10, dy = dx, DX = 90, DY = 360,
+      x, y, X, Y,
+      precision = 2.5;
+
+  function graticule() {
+    return {type: "MultiLineString", coordinates: lines()};
+  }
+
+  function lines() {
+    return d3Array.range(ceil(X0 / DX) * DX, X1, DX).map(X)
+        .concat(d3Array.range(ceil(Y0 / DY) * DY, Y1, DY).map(Y))
+        .concat(d3Array.range(ceil(x0 / dx) * dx, x1, dx).filter(function(x) { return abs(x % DX) > epsilon; }).map(x))
+        .concat(d3Array.range(ceil(y0 / dy) * dy, y1, dy).filter(function(y) { return abs(y % DY) > epsilon; }).map(y));
+  }
+
+  graticule.lines = function() {
+    return lines().map(function(coordinates) { return {type: "LineString", coordinates: coordinates}; });
+  };
+
+  graticule.outline = function() {
+    return {
+      type: "Polygon",
+      coordinates: [
+        X(X0).concat(
+        Y(Y1).slice(1),
+        X(X1).reverse().slice(1),
+        Y(Y0).reverse().slice(1))
+      ]
+    };
+  };
+
+  graticule.extent = function(_) {
+    if (!arguments.length) return graticule.extentMinor();
+    return graticule.extentMajor(_).extentMinor(_);
+  };
+
+  graticule.extentMajor = function(_) {
+    if (!arguments.length) return [[X0, Y0], [X1, Y1]];
+    X0 = +_[0][0], X1 = +_[1][0];
+    Y0 = +_[0][1], Y1 = +_[1][1];
+    if (X0 > X1) _ = X0, X0 = X1, X1 = _;
+    if (Y0 > Y1) _ = Y0, Y0 = Y1, Y1 = _;
+    return graticule.precision(precision);
+  };
+
+  graticule.extentMinor = function(_) {
+    if (!arguments.length) return [[x0, y0], [x1, y1]];
+    x0 = +_[0][0], x1 = +_[1][0];
+    y0 = +_[0][1], y1 = +_[1][1];
+    if (x0 > x1) _ = x0, x0 = x1, x1 = _;
+    if (y0 > y1) _ = y0, y0 = y1, y1 = _;
+    return graticule.precision(precision);
+  };
+
+  graticule.step = function(_) {
+    if (!arguments.length) return graticule.stepMinor();
+    return graticule.stepMajor(_).stepMinor(_);
+  };
+
+  graticule.stepMajor = function(_) {
+    if (!arguments.length) return [DX, DY];
+    DX = +_[0], DY = +_[1];
+    return graticule;
+  };
+
+  graticule.stepMinor = function(_) {
+    if (!arguments.length) return [dx, dy];
+    dx = +_[0], dy = +_[1];
+    return graticule;
+  };
+
+  graticule.precision = function(_) {
+    if (!arguments.length) return precision;
+    precision = +_;
+    x = graticuleX(y0, y1, 90);
+    y = graticuleY(x0, x1, precision);
+    X = graticuleX(Y0, Y1, 90);
+    Y = graticuleY(X0, X1, precision);
+    return graticule;
+  };
+
+  return graticule
+      .extentMajor([[-180, -90 + epsilon], [180, 90 - epsilon]])
+      .extentMinor([[-180, -80 - epsilon], [180, 80 + epsilon]]);
+}
+
+function graticule10() {
+  return graticule()();
+}
+
+var interpolate = function(a, b) {
+  var x0 = a[0] * radians,
+      y0 = a[1] * radians,
+      x1 = b[0] * radians,
+      y1 = b[1] * radians,
+      cy0 = cos(y0),
+      sy0 = sin(y0),
+      cy1 = cos(y1),
+      sy1 = sin(y1),
+      kx0 = cy0 * cos(x0),
+      ky0 = cy0 * sin(x0),
+      kx1 = cy1 * cos(x1),
+      ky1 = cy1 * sin(x1),
+      d = 2 * asin(sqrt(haversin(y1 - y0) + cy0 * cy1 * haversin(x1 - x0))),
+      k = sin(d);
+
+  var interpolate = d ? function(t) {
+    var B = sin(t *= d) / k,
+        A = sin(d - t) / k,
+        x = A * kx0 + B * kx1,
+        y = A * ky0 + B * ky1,
+        z = A * sy0 + B * sy1;
+    return [
+      atan2(y, x) * degrees,
+      atan2(z, sqrt(x * x + y * y)) * degrees
+    ];
+  } : function() {
+    return [x0 * degrees, y0 * degrees];
+  };
+
+  interpolate.distance = d;
+
+  return interpolate;
+};
+
+var identity = function(x) {
+  return x;
+};
+
+var areaSum$1 = adder();
+var areaRingSum$1 = adder();
+var x00;
+var y00;
+var x0$1;
+var y0$1;
+
+var areaStream$1 = {
+  point: noop,
+  lineStart: noop,
+  lineEnd: noop,
+  polygonStart: function() {
+    areaStream$1.lineStart = areaRingStart$1;
+    areaStream$1.lineEnd = areaRingEnd$1;
+  },
+  polygonEnd: function() {
+    areaStream$1.lineStart = areaStream$1.lineEnd = areaStream$1.point = noop;
+    areaSum$1.add(abs(areaRingSum$1));
+    areaRingSum$1.reset();
+  },
+  result: function() {
+    var area = areaSum$1 / 2;
+    areaSum$1.reset();
+    return area;
+  }
+};
+
+function areaRingStart$1() {
+  areaStream$1.point = areaPointFirst$1;
+}
+
+function areaPointFirst$1(x, y) {
+  areaStream$1.point = areaPoint$1;
+  x00 = x0$1 = x, y00 = y0$1 = y;
+}
+
+function areaPoint$1(x, y) {
+  areaRingSum$1.add(y0$1 * x - x0$1 * y);
+  x0$1 = x, y0$1 = y;
+}
+
+function areaRingEnd$1() {
+  areaPoint$1(x00, y00);
+}
+
+var x0$2 = Infinity;
+var y0$2 = x0$2;
+var x1 = -x0$2;
+var y1 = x1;
+
+var boundsStream$1 = {
+  point: boundsPoint$1,
+  lineStart: noop,
+  lineEnd: noop,
+  polygonStart: noop,
+  polygonEnd: noop,
+  result: function() {
+    var bounds = [[x0$2, y0$2], [x1, y1]];
+    x1 = y1 = -(y0$2 = x0$2 = Infinity);
+    return bounds;
+  }
+};
+
+function boundsPoint$1(x, y) {
+  if (x < x0$2) x0$2 = x;
+  if (x > x1) x1 = x;
+  if (y < y0$2) y0$2 = y;
+  if (y > y1) y1 = y;
+}
+
+// TODO Enforce positive area for exterior, negative area for interior?
+
+var X0$1 = 0;
+var Y0$1 = 0;
+var Z0$1 = 0;
+var X1$1 = 0;
+var Y1$1 = 0;
+var Z1$1 = 0;
+var X2$1 = 0;
+var Y2$1 = 0;
+var Z2$1 = 0;
+var x00$1;
+var y00$1;
+var x0$3;
+var y0$3;
+
+var centroidStream$1 = {
+  point: centroidPoint$1,
+  lineStart: centroidLineStart$1,
+  lineEnd: centroidLineEnd$1,
+  polygonStart: function() {
+    centroidStream$1.lineStart = centroidRingStart$1;
+    centroidStream$1.lineEnd = centroidRingEnd$1;
+  },
+  polygonEnd: function() {
+    centroidStream$1.point = centroidPoint$1;
+    centroidStream$1.lineStart = centroidLineStart$1;
+    centroidStream$1.lineEnd = centroidLineEnd$1;
+  },
+  result: function() {
+    var centroid = Z2$1 ? [X2$1 / Z2$1, Y2$1 / Z2$1]
+        : Z1$1 ? [X1$1 / Z1$1, Y1$1 / Z1$1]
+        : Z0$1 ? [X0$1 / Z0$1, Y0$1 / Z0$1]
+        : [NaN, NaN];
+    X0$1 = Y0$1 = Z0$1 =
+    X1$1 = Y1$1 = Z1$1 =
+    X2$1 = Y2$1 = Z2$1 = 0;
+    return centroid;
+  }
+};
+
+function centroidPoint$1(x, y) {
+  X0$1 += x;
+  Y0$1 += y;
+  ++Z0$1;
+}
+
+function centroidLineStart$1() {
+  centroidStream$1.point = centroidPointFirstLine;
+}
+
+function centroidPointFirstLine(x, y) {
+  centroidStream$1.point = centroidPointLine;
+  centroidPoint$1(x0$3 = x, y0$3 = y);
+}
+
+function centroidPointLine(x, y) {
+  var dx = x - x0$3, dy = y - y0$3, z = sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
+  X1$1 += z * (x0$3 + x) / 2;
+  Y1$1 += z * (y0$3 + y) / 2;
+  Z1$1 += z;
+  centroidPoint$1(x0$3 = x, y0$3 = y);
+}
+
+function centroidLineEnd$1() {
+  centroidStream$1.point = centroidPoint$1;
+}
+
+function centroidRingStart$1() {
+  centroidStream$1.point = centroidPointFirstRing;
+}
+
+function centroidRingEnd$1() {
+  centroidPointRing(x00$1, y00$1);
+}
+
+function centroidPointFirstRing(x, y) {
+  centroidStream$1.point = centroidPointRing;
+  centroidPoint$1(x00$1 = x0$3 = x, y00$1 = y0$3 = y);
+}
+
+function centroidPointRing(x, y) {
+  var dx = x - x0$3,
+      dy = y - y0$3,
+      z = sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
+
+  X1$1 += z * (x0$3 + x) / 2;
+  Y1$1 += z * (y0$3 + y) / 2;
+  Z1$1 += z;
+
+  z = y0$3 * x - x0$3 * y;
+  X2$1 += z * (x0$3 + x);
+  Y2$1 += z * (y0$3 + y);
+  Z2$1 += z * 3;
+  centroidPoint$1(x0$3 = x, y0$3 = y);
+}
+
+function PathContext(context) {
+  this._context = context;
+}
+
+PathContext.prototype = {
+  _radius: 4.5,
+  pointRadius: function(_) {
+    return this._radius = _, this;
+  },
+  polygonStart: function() {
+    this._line = 0;
+  },
+  polygonEnd: function() {
+    this._line = NaN;
+  },
+  lineStart: function() {
+    this._point = 0;
+  },
+  lineEnd: function() {
+    if (this._line === 0) this._context.closePath();
+    this._point = NaN;
+  },
+  point: function(x, y) {
+    switch (this._point) {
+      case 0: {
+        this._context.moveTo(x, y);
+        this._point = 1;
+        break;
+      }
+      case 1: {
+        this._context.lineTo(x, y);
+        break;
+      }
+      default: {
+        this._context.moveTo(x + this._radius, y);
+        this._context.arc(x, y, this._radius, 0, tau);
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  result: noop
+};
+
+var lengthSum$1 = adder();
+var lengthRing;
+var x00$2;
+var y00$2;
+var x0$4;
+var y0$4;
+
+var lengthStream$1 = {
+  point: noop,
+  lineStart: function() {
+    lengthStream$1.point = lengthPointFirst$1;
+  },
+  lineEnd: function() {
+    if (lengthRing) lengthPoint$1(x00$2, y00$2);
+    lengthStream$1.point = noop;
+  },
+  polygonStart: function() {
+    lengthRing = true;
+  },
+  polygonEnd: function() {
+    lengthRing = null;
+  },
+  result: function() {
+    var length = +lengthSum$1;
+    lengthSum$1.reset();
+    return length;
+  }
+};
+
+function lengthPointFirst$1(x, y) {
+  lengthStream$1.point = lengthPoint$1;
+  x00$2 = x0$4 = x, y00$2 = y0$4 = y;
+}
+
+function lengthPoint$1(x, y) {
+  x0$4 -= x, y0$4 -= y;
+  lengthSum$1.add(sqrt(x0$4 * x0$4 + y0$4 * y0$4));
+  x0$4 = x, y0$4 = y;
+}
+
+function PathString() {
+  this._string = [];
+}
+
+PathString.prototype = {
+  _radius: 4.5,
+  _circle: circle$1(4.5),
+  pointRadius: function(_) {
+    if ((_ = +_) !== this._radius) this._radius = _, this._circle = null;
+    return this;
+  },
+  polygonStart: function() {
+    this._line = 0;
+  },
+  polygonEnd: function() {
+    this._line = NaN;
+  },
+  lineStart: function() {
+    this._point = 0;
+  },
+  lineEnd: function() {
+    if (this._line === 0) this._string.push("Z");
+    this._point = NaN;
+  },
+  point: function(x, y) {
+    switch (this._point) {
+      case 0: {
+        this._string.push("M", x, ",", y);
+        this._point = 1;
+        break;
+      }
+      case 1: {
+        this._string.push("L", x, ",", y);
+        break;
+      }
+      default: {
+        if (this._circle == null) this._circle = circle$1(this._radius);
+        this._string.push("M", x, ",", y, this._circle);
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  result: function() {
+    if (this._string.length) {
+      var result = this._string.join("");
+      this._string = [];
+      return result;
+    } else {
+      return null;
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+function circle$1(radius) {
+  return "m0," + radius
+      + "a" + radius + "," + radius + " 0 1,1 0," + -2 * radius
+      + "a" + radius + "," + radius + " 0 1,1 0," + 2 * radius
+      + "z";
+}
+
+var index = function(projection, context) {
+  var pointRadius = 4.5,
+      projectionStream,
+      contextStream;
+
+  function path(object) {
+    if (object) {
+      if (typeof pointRadius === "function") contextStream.pointRadius(+pointRadius.apply(this, arguments));
+      geoStream(object, projectionStream(contextStream));
+    }
+    return contextStream.result();
+  }
+
+  path.area = function(object) {
+    geoStream(object, projectionStream(areaStream$1));
+    return areaStream$1.result();
+  };
+
+  path.measure = function(object) {
+    geoStream(object, projectionStream(lengthStream$1));
+    return lengthStream$1.result();
+  };
+
+  path.bounds = function(object) {
+    geoStream(object, projectionStream(boundsStream$1));
+    return boundsStream$1.result();
+  };
+
+  path.centroid = function(object) {
+    geoStream(object, projectionStream(centroidStream$1));
+    return centroidStream$1.result();
+  };
+
+  path.projection = function(_) {
+    return arguments.length ? (projectionStream = _ == null ? (projection = null, identity) : (projection = _).stream, path) : projection;
+  };
+
+  path.context = function(_) {
+    if (!arguments.length) return context;
+    contextStream = _ == null ? (context = null, new PathString) : new PathContext(context = _);
+    if (typeof pointRadius !== "function") contextStream.pointRadius(pointRadius);
+    return path;
+  };
+
+  path.pointRadius = function(_) {
+    if (!arguments.length) return pointRadius;
+    pointRadius = typeof _ === "function" ? _ : (contextStream.pointRadius(+_), +_);
+    return path;
+  };
+
+  return path.projection(projection).context(context);
+};
+
+var clip = function(pointVisible, clipLine, interpolate, start) {
+  return function(rotate, sink) {
+    var line = clipLine(sink),
+        rotatedStart = rotate.invert(start[0], start[1]),
+        ringBuffer = clipBuffer(),
+        ringSink = clipLine(ringBuffer),
+        polygonStarted = false,
+        polygon,
+        segments,
+        ring;
+
+    var clip = {
+      point: point,
+      lineStart: lineStart,
+      lineEnd: lineEnd,
+      polygonStart: function() {
+        clip.point = pointRing;
+        clip.lineStart = ringStart;
+        clip.lineEnd = ringEnd;
+        segments = [];
+        polygon = [];
+      },
+      polygonEnd: function() {
+        clip.point = point;
+        clip.lineStart = lineStart;
+        clip.lineEnd = lineEnd;
+        segments = d3Array.merge(segments);
+        var startInside = polygonContains(polygon, rotatedStart);
+        if (segments.length) {
+          if (!polygonStarted) sink.polygonStart(), polygonStarted = true;
+          clipPolygon(segments, compareIntersection, startInside, interpolate, sink);
+        } else if (startInside) {
+          if (!polygonStarted) sink.polygonStart(), polygonStarted = true;
+          sink.lineStart();
+          interpolate(null, null, 1, sink);
+          sink.lineEnd();
+        }
+        if (polygonStarted) sink.polygonEnd(), polygonStarted = false;
+        segments = polygon = null;
+      },
+      sphere: function() {
+        sink.polygonStart();
+        sink.lineStart();
+        interpolate(null, null, 1, sink);
+        sink.lineEnd();
+        sink.polygonEnd();
+      }
+    };
+
+    function point(lambda, phi) {
+      var point = rotate(lambda, phi);
+      if (pointVisible(lambda = point[0], phi = point[1])) sink.point(lambda, phi);
+    }
+
+    function pointLine(lambda, phi) {
+      var point = rotate(lambda, phi);
+      line.point(point[0], point[1]);
+    }
+
+    function lineStart() {
+      clip.point = pointLine;
+      line.lineStart();
+    }
+
+    function lineEnd() {
+      clip.point = point;
+      line.lineEnd();
+    }
+
+    function pointRing(lambda, phi) {
+      ring.push([lambda, phi]);
+      var point = rotate(lambda, phi);
+      ringSink.point(point[0], point[1]);
+    }
+
+    function ringStart() {
+      ringSink.lineStart();
+      ring = [];
+    }
+
+    function ringEnd() {
+      pointRing(ring[0][0], ring[0][1]);
+      ringSink.lineEnd();
+
+      var clean = ringSink.clean(),
+          ringSegments = ringBuffer.result(),
+          i, n = ringSegments.length, m,
+          segment,
+          point;
+
+      ring.pop();
+      polygon.push(ring);
+      ring = null;
+
+      if (!n) return;
+
+      // No intersections.
+      if (clean & 1) {
+        segment = ringSegments[0];
+        if ((m = segment.length - 1) > 0) {
+          if (!polygonStarted) sink.polygonStart(), polygonStarted = true;
+          sink.lineStart();
+          for (i = 0; i < m; ++i) sink.point((point = segment[i])[0], point[1]);
+          sink.lineEnd();
+        }
+        return;
+      }
+
+      // Rejoin connected segments.
+      // TODO reuse ringBuffer.rejoin()?
+      if (n > 1 && clean & 2) ringSegments.push(ringSegments.pop().concat(ringSegments.shift()));
+
+      segments.push(ringSegments.filter(validSegment));
+    }
+
+    return clip;
+  };
+};
+
+function validSegment(segment) {
+  return segment.length > 1;
+}
+
+// Intersections are sorted along the clip edge. For both antimeridian cutting
+// and circle clipping, the same comparison is used.
+function compareIntersection(a, b) {
+  return ((a = a.x)[0] < 0 ? a[1] - halfPi - epsilon : halfPi - a[1])
+       - ((b = b.x)[0] < 0 ? b[1] - halfPi - epsilon : halfPi - b[1]);
+}
+
+var clipAntimeridian = clip(
+  function() { return true; },
+  clipAntimeridianLine,
+  clipAntimeridianInterpolate,
+  [-pi, -halfPi]
+);
+
+// Takes a line and cuts into visible segments. Return values: 0 - there were
+// intersections or the line was empty; 1 - no intersections; 2 - there were
+// intersections, and the first and last segments should be rejoined.
+function clipAntimeridianLine(stream) {
+  var lambda0 = NaN,
+      phi0 = NaN,
+      sign0 = NaN,
+      clean; // no intersections
+
+  return {
+    lineStart: function() {
+      stream.lineStart();
+      clean = 1;
+    },
+    point: function(lambda1, phi1) {
+      var sign1 = lambda1 > 0 ? pi : -pi,
+          delta = abs(lambda1 - lambda0);
+      if (abs(delta - pi) < epsilon) { // line crosses a pole
+        stream.point(lambda0, phi0 = (phi0 + phi1) / 2 > 0 ? halfPi : -halfPi);
+        stream.point(sign0, phi0);
+        stream.lineEnd();
+        stream.lineStart();
+        stream.point(sign1, phi0);
+        stream.point(lambda1, phi0);
+        clean = 0;
+      } else if (sign0 !== sign1 && delta >= pi) { // line crosses antimeridian
+        if (abs(lambda0 - sign0) < epsilon) lambda0 -= sign0 * epsilon; // handle degeneracies
+        if (abs(lambda1 - sign1) < epsilon) lambda1 -= sign1 * epsilon;
+        phi0 = clipAntimeridianIntersect(lambda0, phi0, lambda1, phi1);
+        stream.point(sign0, phi0);
+        stream.lineEnd();
+        stream.lineStart();
+        stream.point(sign1, phi0);
+        clean = 0;
+      }
+      stream.point(lambda0 = lambda1, phi0 = phi1);
+      sign0 = sign1;
+    },
+    lineEnd: function() {
+      stream.lineEnd();
+      lambda0 = phi0 = NaN;
+    },
+    clean: function() {
+      return 2 - clean; // if intersections, rejoin first and last segments
+    }
+  };
+}
+
+function clipAntimeridianIntersect(lambda0, phi0, lambda1, phi1) {
+  var cosPhi0,
+      cosPhi1,
+      sinLambda0Lambda1 = sin(lambda0 - lambda1);
+  return abs(sinLambda0Lambda1) > epsilon
+      ? atan((sin(phi0) * (cosPhi1 = cos(phi1)) * sin(lambda1)
+          - sin(phi1) * (cosPhi0 = cos(phi0)) * sin(lambda0))
+          / (cosPhi0 * cosPhi1 * sinLambda0Lambda1))
+      : (phi0 + phi1) / 2;
+}
+
+function clipAntimeridianInterpolate(from, to, direction, stream) {
+  var phi;
+  if (from == null) {
+    phi = direction * halfPi;
+    stream.point(-pi, phi);
+    stream.point(0, phi);
+    stream.point(pi, phi);
+    stream.point(pi, 0);
+    stream.point(pi, -phi);
+    stream.point(0, -phi);
+    stream.point(-pi, -phi);
+    stream.point(-pi, 0);
+    stream.point(-pi, phi);
+  } else if (abs(from[0] - to[0]) > epsilon) {
+    var lambda = from[0] < to[0] ? pi : -pi;
+    phi = direction * lambda / 2;
+    stream.point(-lambda, phi);
+    stream.point(0, phi);
+    stream.point(lambda, phi);
+  } else {
+    stream.point(to[0], to[1]);
+  }
+}
+
+var clipCircle = function(radius, delta) {
+  var cr = cos(radius),
+      smallRadius = cr > 0,
+      notHemisphere = abs(cr) > epsilon; // TODO optimise for this common case
+
+  function interpolate(from, to, direction, stream) {
+    circleStream(stream, radius, delta, direction, from, to);
+  }
+
+  function visible(lambda, phi) {
+    return cos(lambda) * cos(phi) > cr;
+  }
+
+  // Takes a line and cuts into visible segments. Return values used for polygon
+  // clipping: 0 - there were intersections or the line was empty; 1 - no
+  // intersections 2 - there were intersections, and the first and last segments
+  // should be rejoined.
+  function clipLine(stream) {
+    var point0, // previous point
+        c0, // code for previous point
+        v0, // visibility of previous point
+        v00, // visibility of first point
+        clean; // no intersections
+    return {
+      lineStart: function() {
+        v00 = v0 = false;
+        clean = 1;
+      },
+      point: function(lambda, phi) {
+        var point1 = [lambda, phi],
+            point2,
+            v = visible(lambda, phi),
+            c = smallRadius
+              ? v ? 0 : code(lambda, phi)
+              : v ? code(lambda + (lambda < 0 ? pi : -pi), phi) : 0;
+        if (!point0 && (v00 = v0 = v)) stream.lineStart();
+        // Handle degeneracies.
+        // TODO ignore if not clipping polygons.
+        if (v !== v0) {
+          point2 = intersect(point0, point1);
+          if (!point2 || pointEqual(point0, point2) || pointEqual(point1, point2)) {
+            point1[0] += epsilon;
+            point1[1] += epsilon;
+            v = visible(point1[0], point1[1]);
+          }
+        }
+        if (v !== v0) {
+          clean = 0;
+          if (v) {
+            // outside going in
+            stream.lineStart();
+            point2 = intersect(point1, point0);
+            stream.point(point2[0], point2[1]);
+          } else {
+            // inside going out
+            point2 = intersect(point0, point1);
+            stream.point(point2[0], point2[1]);
+            stream.lineEnd();
+          }
+          point0 = point2;
+        } else if (notHemisphere && point0 && smallRadius ^ v) {
+          var t;
+          // If the codes for two points are different, or are both zero,
+          // and there this segment intersects with the small circle.
+          if (!(c & c0) && (t = intersect(point1, point0, true))) {
+            clean = 0;
+            if (smallRadius) {
+              stream.lineStart();
+              stream.point(t[0][0], t[0][1]);
+              stream.point(t[1][0], t[1][1]);
+              stream.lineEnd();
+            } else {
+              stream.point(t[1][0], t[1][1]);
+              stream.lineEnd();
+              stream.lineStart();
+              stream.point(t[0][0], t[0][1]);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        if (v && (!point0 || !pointEqual(point0, point1))) {
+          stream.point(point1[0], point1[1]);
+        }
+        point0 = point1, v0 = v, c0 = c;
+      },
+      lineEnd: function() {
+        if (v0) stream.lineEnd();
+        point0 = null;
+      },
+      // Rejoin first and last segments if there were intersections and the first
+      // and last points were visible.
+      clean: function() {
+        return clean | ((v00 && v0) << 1);
+      }
+    };
+  }
+
+  // Intersects the great circle between a and b with the clip circle.
+  function intersect(a, b, two) {
+    var pa = cartesian(a),
+        pb = cartesian(b);
+
+    // We have two planes, n1.p = d1 and n2.p = d2.
+    // Find intersection line p(t) = c1 n1 + c2 n2 + t (n1 ⨯ n2).
+    var n1 = [1, 0, 0], // normal
+        n2 = cartesianCross(pa, pb),
+        n2n2 = cartesianDot(n2, n2),
+        n1n2 = n2[0], // cartesianDot(n1, n2),
+        determinant = n2n2 - n1n2 * n1n2;
+
+    // Two polar points.
+    if (!determinant) return !two && a;
+
+    var c1 =  cr * n2n2 / determinant,
+        c2 = -cr * n1n2 / determinant,
+        n1xn2 = cartesianCross(n1, n2),
+        A = cartesianScale(n1, c1),
+        B = cartesianScale(n2, c2);
+    cartesianAddInPlace(A, B);
+
+    // Solve |p(t)|^2 = 1.
+    var u = n1xn2,
+        w = cartesianDot(A, u),
+        uu = cartesianDot(u, u),
+        t2 = w * w - uu * (cartesianDot(A, A) - 1);
+
+    if (t2 < 0) return;
+
+    var t = sqrt(t2),
+        q = cartesianScale(u, (-w - t) / uu);
+    cartesianAddInPlace(q, A);
+    q = spherical(q);
+
+    if (!two) return q;
+
+    // Two intersection points.
+    var lambda0 = a[0],
+        lambda1 = b[0],
+        phi0 = a[1],
+        phi1 = b[1],
+        z;
+
+    if (lambda1 < lambda0) z = lambda0, lambda0 = lambda1, lambda1 = z;
+
+    var delta = lambda1 - lambda0,
+        polar = abs(delta - pi) < epsilon,
+        meridian = polar || delta < epsilon;
+
+    if (!polar && phi1 < phi0) z = phi0, phi0 = phi1, phi1 = z;
+
+    // Check that the first point is between a and b.
+    if (meridian
+        ? polar
+          ? phi0 + phi1 > 0 ^ q[1] < (abs(q[0] - lambda0) < epsilon ? phi0 : phi1)
+          : phi0 <= q[1] && q[1] <= phi1
+        : delta > pi ^ (lambda0 <= q[0] && q[0] <= lambda1)) {
+      var q1 = cartesianScale(u, (-w + t) / uu);
+      cartesianAddInPlace(q1, A);
+      return [q, spherical(q1)];
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Generates a 4-bit vector representing the location of a point relative to
+  // the small circle's bounding box.
+  function code(lambda, phi) {
+    var r = smallRadius ? radius : pi - radius,
+        code = 0;
+    if (lambda < -r) code |= 1; // left
+    else if (lambda > r) code |= 2; // right
+    if (phi < -r) code |= 4; // below
+    else if (phi > r) code |= 8; // above
+    return code;
+  }
+
+  return clip(visible, clipLine, interpolate, smallRadius ? [0, -radius] : [-pi, radius - pi]);
+};
+
+var transform = function(methods) {
+  return {
+    stream: transformer(methods)
+  };
+};
+
+function transformer(methods) {
+  return function(stream) {
+    var s = new TransformStream;
+    for (var key in methods) s[key] = methods[key];
+    s.stream = stream;
+    return s;
+  };
+}
+
+function TransformStream() {}
+
+TransformStream.prototype = {
+  constructor: TransformStream,
+  point: function(x, y) { this.stream.point(x, y); },
+  sphere: function() { this.stream.sphere(); },
+  lineStart: function() { this.stream.lineStart(); },
+  lineEnd: function() { this.stream.lineEnd(); },
+  polygonStart: function() { this.stream.polygonStart(); },
+  polygonEnd: function() { this.stream.polygonEnd(); }
+};
+
+function fitExtent(projection, extent, object) {
+  var w = extent[1][0] - extent[0][0],
+      h = extent[1][1] - extent[0][1],
+      clip = projection.clipExtent && projection.clipExtent();
+
+  projection
+      .scale(150)
+      .translate([0, 0]);
+
+  if (clip != null) projection.clipExtent(null);
+
+  geoStream(object, projection.stream(boundsStream$1));
+
+  var b = boundsStream$1.result(),
+      k = Math.min(w / (b[1][0] - b[0][0]), h / (b[1][1] - b[0][1])),
+      x = +extent[0][0] + (w - k * (b[1][0] + b[0][0])) / 2,
+      y = +extent[0][1] + (h - k * (b[1][1] + b[0][1])) / 2;
+
+  if (clip != null) projection.clipExtent(clip);
+
+  return projection
+      .scale(k * 150)
+      .translate([x, y]);
+}
+
+function fitSize(projection, size, object) {
+  return fitExtent(projection, [[0, 0], size], object);
+}
+
+var maxDepth = 16;
+var cosMinDistance = cos(30 * radians); // cos(minimum angular distance)
+
+var resample = function(project, delta2) {
+  return +delta2 ? resample$1(project, delta2) : resampleNone(project);
+};
+
+function resampleNone(project) {
+  return transformer({
+    point: function(x, y) {
+      x = project(x, y);
+      this.stream.point(x[0], x[1]);
+    }
+  });
+}
+
+function resample$1(project, delta2) {
+
+  function resampleLineTo(x0, y0, lambda0, a0, b0, c0, x1, y1, lambda1, a1, b1, c1, depth, stream) {
+    var dx = x1 - x0,
+        dy = y1 - y0,
+        d2 = dx * dx + dy * dy;
+    if (d2 > 4 * delta2 && depth--) {
+      var a = a0 + a1,
+          b = b0 + b1,
+          c = c0 + c1,
+          m = sqrt(a * a + b * b + c * c),
+          phi2 = asin(c /= m),
+          lambda2 = abs(abs(c) - 1) < epsilon || abs(lambda0 - lambda1) < epsilon ? (lambda0 + lambda1) / 2 : atan2(b, a),
+          p = project(lambda2, phi2),
+          x2 = p[0],
+          y2 = p[1],
+          dx2 = x2 - x0,
+          dy2 = y2 - y0,
+          dz = dy * dx2 - dx * dy2;
+      if (dz * dz / d2 > delta2 // perpendicular projected distance
+          || abs((dx * dx2 + dy * dy2) / d2 - 0.5) > 0.3 // midpoint close to an end
+          || a0 * a1 + b0 * b1 + c0 * c1 < cosMinDistance) { // angular distance
+        resampleLineTo(x0, y0, lambda0, a0, b0, c0, x2, y2, lambda2, a /= m, b /= m, c, depth, stream);
+        stream.point(x2, y2);
+        resampleLineTo(x2, y2, lambda2, a, b, c, x1, y1, lambda1, a1, b1, c1, depth, stream);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return function(stream) {
+    var lambda00, x00, y00, a00, b00, c00, // first point
+        lambda0, x0, y0, a0, b0, c0; // previous point
+
+    var resampleStream = {
+      point: point,
+      lineStart: lineStart,
+      lineEnd: lineEnd,
+      polygonStart: function() { stream.polygonStart(); resampleStream.lineStart = ringStart; },
+      polygonEnd: function() { stream.polygonEnd(); resampleStream.lineStart = lineStart; }
+    };
+
+    function point(x, y) {
+      x = project(x, y);
+      stream.point(x[0], x[1]);
+    }
+
+    function lineStart() {
+      x0 = NaN;
+      resampleStream.point = linePoint;
+      stream.lineStart();
+    }
+
+    function linePoint(lambda, phi) {
+      var c = cartesian([lambda, phi]), p = project(lambda, phi);
+      resampleLineTo(x0, y0, lambda0, a0, b0, c0, x0 = p[0], y0 = p[1], lambda0 = lambda, a0 = c[0], b0 = c[1], c0 = c[2], maxDepth, stream);
+      stream.point(x0, y0);
+    }
+
+    function lineEnd() {
+      resampleStream.point = point;
+      stream.lineEnd();
+    }
+
+    function ringStart() {
+      lineStart();
+      resampleStream.point = ringPoint;
+      resampleStream.lineEnd = ringEnd;
+    }
+
+    function ringPoint(lambda, phi) {
+      linePoint(lambda00 = lambda, phi), x00 = x0, y00 = y0, a00 = a0, b00 = b0, c00 = c0;
+      resampleStream.point = linePoint;
+    }
+
+    function ringEnd() {
+      resampleLineTo(x0, y0, lambda0, a0, b0, c0, x00, y00, lambda00, a00, b00, c00, maxDepth, stream);
+      resampleStream.lineEnd = lineEnd;
+      lineEnd();
+    }
+
+    return resampleStream;
+  };
+}
+
+var transformRadians = transformer({
+  point: function(x, y) {
+    this.stream.point(x * radians, y * radians);
+  }
+});
+
+function projection(project) {
+  return projectionMutator(function() { return project; })();
+}
+
+function projectionMutator(projectAt) {
+  var project,
+      k = 150, // scale
+      x = 480, y = 250, // translate
+      dx, dy, lambda = 0, phi = 0, // center
+      deltaLambda = 0, deltaPhi = 0, deltaGamma = 0, rotate, projectRotate, // rotate
+      theta = null, preclip = clipAntimeridian, // clip angle
+      x0 = null, y0, x1, y1, postclip = identity, // clip extent
+      delta2 = 0.5, projectResample = resample(projectTransform, delta2), // precision
+      cache,
+      cacheStream;
+
+  function projection(point) {
+    point = projectRotate(point[0] * radians, point[1] * radians);
+    return [point[0] * k + dx, dy - point[1] * k];
+  }
+
+  function invert(point) {
+    point = projectRotate.invert((point[0] - dx) / k, (dy - point[1]) / k);
+    return point && [point[0] * degrees, point[1] * degrees];
+  }
+
+  function projectTransform(x, y) {
+    return x = project(x, y), [x[0] * k + dx, dy - x[1] * k];
+  }
+
+  projection.stream = function(stream) {
+    return cache && cacheStream === stream ? cache : cache = transformRadians(preclip(rotate, projectResample(postclip(cacheStream = stream))));
+  };
+
+  projection.clipAngle = function(_) {
+    return arguments.length ? (preclip = +_ ? clipCircle(theta = _ * radians, 6 * radians) : (theta = null, clipAntimeridian), reset()) : theta * degrees;
+  };
+
+  projection.clipExtent = function(_) {
+    return arguments.length ? (postclip = _ == null ? (x0 = y0 = x1 = y1 = null, identity) : clipExtent(x0 = +_[0][0], y0 = +_[0][1], x1 = +_[1][0], y1 = +_[1][1]), reset()) : x0 == null ? null : [[x0, y0], [x1, y1]];
+  };
+
+  projection.scale = function(_) {
+    return arguments.length ? (k = +_, recenter()) : k;
+  };
+
+  projection.translate = function(_) {
+    return arguments.length ? (x = +_[0], y = +_[1], recenter()) : [x, y];
+  };
+
+  projection.center = function(_) {
+    return arguments.length ? (lambda = _[0] % 360 * radians, phi = _[1] % 360 * radians, recenter()) : [lambda * degrees, phi * degrees];
+  };
+
+  projection.rotate = function(_) {
+    return arguments.length ? (deltaLambda = _[0] % 360 * radians, deltaPhi = _[1] % 360 * radians, deltaGamma = _.length > 2 ? _[2] % 360 * radians : 0, recenter()) : [deltaLambda * degrees, deltaPhi * degrees, deltaGamma * degrees];
+  };
+
+  projection.precision = function(_) {
+    return arguments.length ? (projectResample = resample(projectTransform, delta2 = _ * _), reset()) : sqrt(delta2);
+  };
+
+  projection.fitExtent = function(extent$$1, object) {
+    return fitExtent(projection, extent$$1, object);
+  };
+
+  projection.fitSize = function(size, object) {
+    return fitSize(projection, size, object);
+  };
+
+  function recenter() {
+    projectRotate = compose(rotate = rotateRadians(deltaLambda, deltaPhi, deltaGamma), project);
+    var center = project(lambda, phi);
+    dx = x - center[0] * k;
+    dy = y + center[1] * k;
+    return reset();
+  }
+
+  function reset() {
+    cache = cacheStream = null;
+    return projection;
+  }
+
+  return function() {
+    project = projectAt.apply(this, arguments);
+    projection.invert = project.invert && invert;
+    return recenter();
+  };
+}
+
+function conicProjection(projectAt) {
+  var phi0 = 0,
+      phi1 = pi / 3,
+      m = projectionMutator(projectAt),
+      p = m(phi0, phi1);
+
+  p.parallels = function(_) {
+    return arguments.length ? m(phi0 = _[0] * radians, phi1 = _[1] * radians) : [phi0 * degrees, phi1 * degrees];
+  };
+
+  return p;
+}
+
+function cylindricalEqualAreaRaw(phi0) {
+  var cosPhi0 = cos(phi0);
+
+  function forward(lambda, phi) {
+    return [lambda * cosPhi0, sin(phi) / cosPhi0];
+  }
+
+  forward.invert = function(x, y) {
+    return [x / cosPhi0, asin(y * cosPhi0)];
+  };
+
+  return forward;
+}
+
+function conicEqualAreaRaw(y0, y1) {
+  var sy0 = sin(y0), n = (sy0 + sin(y1)) / 2;
+
+  // Are the parallels symmetrical around the Equator?
+  if (abs(n) < epsilon) return cylindricalEqualAreaRaw(y0);
+
+  var c = 1 + sy0 * (2 * n - sy0), r0 = sqrt(c) / n;
+
+  function project(x, y) {
+    var r = sqrt(c - 2 * n * sin(y)) / n;
+    return [r * sin(x *= n), r0 - r * cos(x)];
+  }
+
+  project.invert = function(x, y) {
+    var r0y = r0 - y;
+    return [atan2(x, abs(r0y)) / n * sign(r0y), asin((c - (x * x + r0y * r0y) * n * n) / (2 * n))];
+  };
+
+  return project;
+}
+
+var conicEqualArea = function() {
+  return conicProjection(conicEqualAreaRaw)
+      .scale(155.424)
+      .center([0, 33.6442]);
+};
+
+var albers = function() {
+  return conicEqualArea()
+      .parallels([29.5, 45.5])
+      .scale(1070)
+      .translate([480, 250])
+      .rotate([96, 0])
+      .center([-0.6, 38.7]);
+};
+
+// The projections must have mutually exclusive clip regions on the sphere,
+// as this will avoid emitting interleaving lines and polygons.
+function multiplex(streams) {
+  var n = streams.length;
+  return {
+    point: function(x, y) { var i = -1; while (++i < n) streams[i].point(x, y); },
+    sphere: function() { var i = -1; while (++i < n) streams[i].sphere(); },
+    lineStart: function() { var i = -1; while (++i < n) streams[i].lineStart(); },
+    lineEnd: function() { var i = -1; while (++i < n) streams[i].lineEnd(); },
+    polygonStart: function() { var i = -1; while (++i < n) streams[i].polygonStart(); },
+    polygonEnd: function() { var i = -1; while (++i < n) streams[i].polygonEnd(); }
+  };
+}
+
+// A composite projection for the United States, configured by default for
+// 960×500. The projection also works quite well at 960×600 if you change the
+// scale to 1285 and adjust the translate accordingly. The set of standard
+// parallels for each region comes from USGS, which is published here:
+// http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/MapProjections/projections.html#albers
+var albersUsa = function() {
+  var cache,
+      cacheStream,
+      lower48 = albers(), lower48Point,
+      alaska = conicEqualArea().rotate([154, 0]).center([-2, 58.5]).parallels([55, 65]), alaskaPoint, // EPSG:3338
+      hawaii = conicEqualArea().rotate([157, 0]).center([-3, 19.9]).parallels([8, 18]), hawaiiPoint, // ESRI:102007
+      point, pointStream = {point: function(x, y) { point = [x, y]; }};
+
+  function albersUsa(coordinates) {
+    var x = coordinates[0], y = coordinates[1];
+    return point = null,
+        (lower48Point.point(x, y), point)
+        || (alaskaPoint.point(x, y), point)
+        || (hawaiiPoint.point(x, y), point);
+  }
+
+  albersUsa.invert = function(coordinates) {
+    var k = lower48.scale(),
+        t = lower48.translate(),
+        x = (coordinates[0] - t[0]) / k,
+        y = (coordinates[1] - t[1]) / k;
+    return (y >= 0.120 && y < 0.234 && x >= -0.425 && x < -0.214 ? alaska
+        : y >= 0.166 && y < 0.234 && x >= -0.214 && x < -0.115 ? hawaii
+        : lower48).invert(coordinates);
+  };
+
+  albersUsa.stream = function(stream) {
+    return cache && cacheStream === stream ? cache : cache = multiplex([lower48.stream(cacheStream = stream), alaska.stream(stream), hawaii.stream(stream)]);
+  };
+
+  albersUsa.precision = function(_) {
+    if (!arguments.length) return lower48.precision();
+    lower48.precision(_), alaska.precision(_), hawaii.precision(_);
+    return reset();
+  };
+
+  albersUsa.scale = function(_) {
+    if (!arguments.length) return lower48.scale();
+    lower48.scale(_), alaska.scale(_ * 0.35), hawaii.scale(_);
+    return albersUsa.translate(lower48.translate());
+  };
+
+  albersUsa.translate = function(_) {
+    if (!arguments.length) return lower48.translate();
+    var k = lower48.scale(), x = +_[0], y = +_[1];
+
+    lower48Point = lower48
+        .translate(_)
+        .clipExtent([[x - 0.455 * k, y - 0.238 * k], [x + 0.455 * k, y + 0.238 * k]])
+        .stream(pointStream);
+
+    alaskaPoint = alaska
+        .translate([x - 0.307 * k, y + 0.201 * k])
+        .clipExtent([[x - 0.425 * k + epsilon, y + 0.120 * k + epsilon], [x - 0.214 * k - epsilon, y + 0.234 * k - epsilon]])
+        .stream(pointStream);
+
+    hawaiiPoint = hawaii
+        .translate([x - 0.205 * k, y + 0.212 * k])
+        .clipExtent([[x - 0.214 * k + epsilon, y + 0.166 * k + epsilon], [x - 0.115 * k - epsilon, y + 0.234 * k - epsilon]])
+        .stream(pointStream);
+
+    return reset();
+  };
+
+  albersUsa.fitExtent = function(extent, object) {
+    return fitExtent(albersUsa, extent, object);
+  };
+
+  albersUsa.fitSize = function(size, object) {
+    return fitSize(albersUsa, size, object);
+  };
+
+  function reset() {
+    cache = cacheStream = null;
+    return albersUsa;
+  }
+
+  return albersUsa.scale(1070);
+};
+
+function azimuthalRaw(scale) {
+  return function(x, y) {
+    var cx = cos(x),
+        cy = cos(y),
+        k = scale(cx * cy);
+    return [
+      k * cy * sin(x),
+      k * sin(y)
+    ];
+  }
+}
+
+function azimuthalInvert(angle) {
+  return function(x, y) {
+    var z = sqrt(x * x + y * y),
+        c = angle(z),
+        sc = sin(c),
+        cc = cos(c);
+    return [
+      atan2(x * sc, z * cc),
+      asin(z && y * sc / z)
+    ];
+  }
+}
+
+var azimuthalEqualAreaRaw = azimuthalRaw(function(cxcy) {
+  return sqrt(2 / (1 + cxcy));
+});
+
+azimuthalEqualAreaRaw.invert = azimuthalInvert(function(z) {
+  return 2 * asin(z / 2);
+});
+
+var azimuthalEqualArea = function() {
+  return projection(azimuthalEqualAreaRaw)
+      .scale(124.75)
+      .clipAngle(180 - 1e-3);
+};
+
+var azimuthalEquidistantRaw = azimuthalRaw(function(c) {
+  return (c = acos(c)) && c / sin(c);
+});
+
+azimuthalEquidistantRaw.invert = azimuthalInvert(function(z) {
+  return z;
+});
+
+var azimuthalEquidistant = function() {
+  return projection(azimuthalEquidistantRaw)
+      .scale(79.4188)
+      .clipAngle(180 - 1e-3);
+};
+
+function mercatorRaw(lambda, phi) {
+  return [lambda, log(tan((halfPi + phi) / 2))];
+}
+
+mercatorRaw.invert = function(x, y) {
+  return [x, 2 * atan(exp(y)) - halfPi];
+};
+
+var mercator = function() {
+  return mercatorProjection(mercatorRaw)
+      .scale(961 / tau);
+};
+
+function mercatorProjection(project) {
+  var m = projection(project),
+      center = m.center,
+      scale = m.scale,
+      translate = m.translate,
+      clipExtent = m.clipExtent,
+      x0 = null, y0, x1, y1; // clip extent
+
+  m.scale = function(_) {
+    return arguments.length ? (scale(_), reclip()) : scale();
+  };
+
+  m.translate = function(_) {
+    return arguments.length ? (translate(_), reclip()) : translate();
+  };
+
+  m.center = function(_) {
+    return arguments.length ? (center(_), reclip()) : center();
+  };
+
+  m.clipExtent = function(_) {
+    return arguments.length ? ((_ == null ? x0 = y0 = x1 = y1 = null : (x0 = +_[0][0], y0 = +_[0][1], x1 = +_[1][0], y1 = +_[1][1])), reclip()) : x0 == null ? null : [[x0, y0], [x1, y1]];
+  };
+
+  function reclip() {
+    var k = pi * scale(),
+        t = m(rotation(m.rotate()).invert([0, 0]));
+    return clipExtent(x0 == null
+        ? [[t[0] - k, t[1] - k], [t[0] + k, t[1] + k]] : project === mercatorRaw
+        ? [[Math.max(t[0] - k, x0), y0], [Math.min(t[0] + k, x1), y1]]
+        : [[x0, Math.max(t[1] - k, y0)], [x1, Math.min(t[1] + k, y1)]]);
+  }
+
+  return reclip();
+}
+
+function tany(y) {
+  return tan((halfPi + y) / 2);
+}
+
+function conicConformalRaw(y0, y1) {
+  var cy0 = cos(y0),
+      n = y0 === y1 ? sin(y0) : log(cy0 / cos(y1)) / log(tany(y1) / tany(y0)),
+      f = cy0 * pow(tany(y0), n) / n;
+
+  if (!n) return mercatorRaw;
+
+  function project(x, y) {
+    if (f > 0) { if (y < -halfPi + epsilon) y = -halfPi + epsilon; }
+    else { if (y > halfPi - epsilon) y = halfPi - epsilon; }
+    var r = f / pow(tany(y), n);
+    return [r * sin(n * x), f - r * cos(n * x)];
+  }
+
+  project.invert = function(x, y) {
+    var fy = f - y, r = sign(n) * sqrt(x * x + fy * fy);
+    return [atan2(x, abs(fy)) / n * sign(fy), 2 * atan(pow(f / r, 1 / n)) - halfPi];
+  };
+
+  return project;
+}
+
+var conicConformal = function() {
+  return conicProjection(conicConformalRaw)
+      .scale(109.5)
+      .parallels([30, 30]);
+};
+
+function equirectangularRaw(lambda, phi) {
+  return [lambda, phi];
+}
+
+equirectangularRaw.invert = equirectangularRaw;
+
+var equirectangular = function() {
+  return projection(equirectangularRaw)
+      .scale(152.63);
+};
+
+function conicEquidistantRaw(y0, y1) {
+  var cy0 = cos(y0),
+      n = y0 === y1 ? sin(y0) : (cy0 - cos(y1)) / (y1 - y0),
+      g = cy0 / n + y0;
+
+  if (abs(n) < epsilon) return equirectangularRaw;
+
+  function project(x, y) {
+    var gy = g - y, nx = n * x;
+    return [gy * sin(nx), g - gy * cos(nx)];
+  }
+
+  project.invert = function(x, y) {
+    var gy = g - y;
+    return [atan2(x, abs(gy)) / n * sign(gy), g - sign(n) * sqrt(x * x + gy * gy)];
+  };
+
+  return project;
+}
+
+var conicEquidistant = function() {
+  return conicProjection(conicEquidistantRaw)
+      .scale(131.154)
+      .center([0, 13.9389]);
+};
+
+function gnomonicRaw(x, y) {
+  var cy = cos(y), k = cos(x) * cy;
+  return [cy * sin(x) / k, sin(y) / k];
+}
+
+gnomonicRaw.invert = azimuthalInvert(atan);
+
+var gnomonic = function() {
+  return projection(gnomonicRaw)
+      .scale(144.049)
+      .clipAngle(60);
+};
+
+function scaleTranslate(kx, ky, tx, ty) {
+  return kx === 1 && ky === 1 && tx === 0 && ty === 0 ? identity : transformer({
+    point: function(x, y) {
+      this.stream.point(x * kx + tx, y * ky + ty);
+    }
+  });
+}
+
+var identity$1 = function() {
+  var k = 1, tx = 0, ty = 0, sx = 1, sy = 1, transform$$1 = identity, // scale, translate and reflect
+      x0 = null, y0, x1, y1, clip = identity, // clip extent
+      cache,
+      cacheStream,
+      projection;
+
+  function reset() {
+    cache = cacheStream = null;
+    return projection;
+  }
+
+  return projection = {
+    stream: function(stream) {
+      return cache && cacheStream === stream ? cache : cache = transform$$1(clip(cacheStream = stream));
+    },
+    clipExtent: function(_) {
+      return arguments.length ? (clip = _ == null ? (x0 = y0 = x1 = y1 = null, identity) : clipExtent(x0 = +_[0][0], y0 = +_[0][1], x1 = +_[1][0], y1 = +_[1][1]), reset()) : x0 == null ? null : [[x0, y0], [x1, y1]];
+    },
+    scale: function(_) {
+      return arguments.length ? (transform$$1 = scaleTranslate((k = +_) * sx, k * sy, tx, ty), reset()) : k;
+    },
+    translate: function(_) {
+      return arguments.length ? (transform$$1 = scaleTranslate(k * sx, k * sy, tx = +_[0], ty = +_[1]), reset()) : [tx, ty];
+    },
+    reflectX: function(_) {
+      return arguments.length ? (transform$$1 = scaleTranslate(k * (sx = _ ? -1 : 1), k * sy, tx, ty), reset()) : sx < 0;
+    },
+    reflectY: function(_) {
+      return arguments.length ? (transform$$1 = scaleTranslate(k * sx, k * (sy = _ ? -1 : 1), tx, ty), reset()) : sy < 0;
+    },
+    fitExtent: function(extent$$1, object) {
+      return fitExtent(projection, extent$$1, object);
+    },
+    fitSize: function(size, object) {
+      return fitSize(projection, size, object);
+    }
+  };
+};
+
+function naturalEarth1Raw(lambda, phi) {
+  var phi2 = phi * phi, phi4 = phi2 * phi2;
+  return [
+    lambda * (0.8707 - 0.131979 * phi2 + phi4 * (-0.013791 + phi4 * (0.003971 * phi2 - 0.001529 * phi4))),
+    phi * (1.007226 + phi2 * (0.015085 + phi4 * (-0.044475 + 0.028874 * phi2 - 0.005916 * phi4)))
+  ];
+}
+
+naturalEarth1Raw.invert = function(x, y) {
+  var phi = y, i = 25, delta;
+  do {
+    var phi2 = phi * phi, phi4 = phi2 * phi2;
+    phi -= delta = (phi * (1.007226 + phi2 * (0.015085 + phi4 * (-0.044475 + 0.028874 * phi2 - 0.005916 * phi4))) - y) /
+        (1.007226 + phi2 * (0.015085 * 3 + phi4 * (-0.044475 * 7 + 0.028874 * 9 * phi2 - 0.005916 * 11 * phi4)));
+  } while (abs(delta) > epsilon && --i > 0);
+  return [
+    x / (0.8707 + (phi2 = phi * phi) * (-0.131979 + phi2 * (-0.013791 + phi2 * phi2 * phi2 * (0.003971 - 0.001529 * phi2)))),
+    phi
+  ];
+};
+
+var naturalEarth1 = function() {
+  return projection(naturalEarth1Raw)
+      .scale(175.295);
+};
+
+function orthographicRaw(x, y) {
+  return [cos(y) * sin(x), sin(y)];
+}
+
+orthographicRaw.invert = azimuthalInvert(asin);
+
+var orthographic = function() {
+  return projection(orthographicRaw)
+      .scale(249.5)
+      .clipAngle(90 + epsilon);
+};
+
+function stereographicRaw(x, y) {
+  var cy = cos(y), k = 1 + cos(x) * cy;
+  return [cy * sin(x) / k, sin(y) / k];
+}
+
+stereographicRaw.invert = azimuthalInvert(function(z) {
+  return 2 * atan(z);
+});
+
+var stereographic = function() {
+  return projection(stereographicRaw)
+      .scale(250)
+      .clipAngle(142);
+};
+
+function transverseMercatorRaw(lambda, phi) {
+  return [log(tan((halfPi + phi) / 2)), -lambda];
+}
+
+transverseMercatorRaw.invert = function(x, y) {
+  return [-y, 2 * atan(exp(x)) - halfPi];
+};
+
+var transverseMercator = function() {
+  var m = mercatorProjection(transverseMercatorRaw),
+      center = m.center,
+      rotate = m.rotate;
+
+  m.center = function(_) {
+    return arguments.length ? center([-_[1], _[0]]) : (_ = center(), [_[1], -_[0]]);
+  };
+
+  m.rotate = function(_) {
+    return arguments.length ? rotate([_[0], _[1], _.length > 2 ? _[2] + 90 : 90]) : (_ = rotate(), [_[0], _[1], _[2] - 90]);
+  };
+
+  return rotate([0, 0, 90])
+      .scale(159.155);
+};
+
+exports.geoArea = area;
+exports.geoBounds = bounds;
+exports.geoCentroid = centroid;
+exports.geoCircle = circle;
+exports.geoClipExtent = extent;
+exports.geoContains = contains;
+exports.geoDistance = distance;
+exports.geoGraticule = graticule;
+exports.geoGraticule10 = graticule10;
+exports.geoInterpolate = interpolate;
+exports.geoLength = length;
+exports.geoPath = index;
+exports.geoAlbers = albers;
+exports.geoAlbersUsa = albersUsa;
+exports.geoAzimuthalEqualArea = azimuthalEqualArea;
+exports.geoAzimuthalEqualAreaRaw = azimuthalEqualAreaRaw;
+exports.geoAzimuthalEquidistant = azimuthalEquidistant;
+exports.geoAzimuthalEquidistantRaw = azimuthalEquidistantRaw;
+exports.geoConicConformal = conicConformal;
+exports.geoConicConformalRaw = conicConformalRaw;
+exports.geoConicEqualArea = conicEqualArea;
+exports.geoConicEqualAreaRaw = conicEqualAreaRaw;
+exports.geoConicEquidistant = conicEquidistant;
+exports.geoConicEquidistantRaw = conicEquidistantRaw;
+exports.geoEquirectangular = equirectangular;
+exports.geoEquirectangularRaw = equirectangularRaw;
+exports.geoGnomonic = gnomonic;
+exports.geoGnomonicRaw = gnomonicRaw;
+exports.geoIdentity = identity$1;
+exports.geoProjection = projection;
+exports.geoProjectionMutator = projectionMutator;
+exports.geoMercator = mercator;
+exports.geoMercatorRaw = mercatorRaw;
+exports.geoNaturalEarth1 = naturalEarth1;
+exports.geoNaturalEarth1Raw = naturalEarth1Raw;
+exports.geoOrthographic = orthographic;
+exports.geoOrthographicRaw = orthographicRaw;
+exports.geoStereographic = stereographic;
+exports.geoStereographicRaw = stereographicRaw;
+exports.geoTransverseMercator = transverseMercator;
+exports.geoTransverseMercatorRaw = transverseMercatorRaw;
+exports.geoRotation = rotation;
+exports.geoStream = geoStream;
+exports.geoTransform = transform;
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, '__esModule', { value: true });
+
+})));