node-opcua-address-space 2.96.0 → 2.98.0

package/src/ua_variable_impl.ts

@@ -1,2305 +1,2307 @@
-    /* eslint-disable max-statements */
-    /* eslint-disable complexity */
-    /**
-     * @module node-opcua-address-space
-     */
-    // tslint:disable:no-bitwise
-    // tslint:disable:no-console
-    // tslint:disable:max-line-length
-    import * as chalk from "chalk";
-
-    import {
-        BindExtensionObjectOptions,
-        CloneExtraInfo,
-        ContinuationData,
-        defaultCloneExtraInfo,
-        defaultCloneFilter,
-        GetFunc,
-        SetFunc,
-        VariableDataValueGetterSync,
-        VariableDataValueSetterWithCallback
-    } from "node-opcua-address-space-base";
-    import { assert } from "node-opcua-assert";
-    import {
-        isValidDataEncoding,
-        convertAccessLevelFlagToByte,
-        QualifiedNameLike,
-        NodeClass,
-        AccessLevelFlag,
-        makeAccessLevelFlag,
-        AttributeIds,
-        isDataEncoding,
-        QualifiedName
-    } from "node-opcua-data-model";
-    import { extractRange, sameDataValue, DataValue, DataValueLike, DataValueT } from "node-opcua-data-value";
-    import { coerceClock, getCurrentClock, PreciseClock } from "node-opcua-date-time";
-    import { checkDebugFlag, make_debugLog, make_errorLog, make_warningLog } from "node-opcua-debug";
-    import { ExtensionObject } from "node-opcua-extension-object";
-    import { NodeId } from "node-opcua-nodeid";
-    import { NumericRange } from "node-opcua-numeric-range";
-    import { WriteValue } from "node-opcua-service-write";
-    import { StatusCode, StatusCodes, CallbackT } from "node-opcua-status-code";
-    import {
-        HistoryReadDetails,
-        HistoryReadResult,
-        PermissionType,
-        ReadAtTimeDetails,
-        ReadEventDetails,
-        ReadProcessedDetails,
-        ReadRawModifiedDetails,
-        WriteValueOptions
-    } from "node-opcua-types";
-    import * as utils from "node-opcua-utils";
-    import {
-        Variant,
-        VariantLike,
-        DataType,
-        sameVariant,
-        VariantArrayType,
-        adjustVariant,
-        verifyRankAndDimensions
-    } from "node-opcua-variant";
-    import { StatusCodeCallback } from "node-opcua-status-code";
-    import {
-        IAddressSpace,
-        BindVariableOptions,
-        IVariableHistorian,
-        TimestampGetFunc,
-        TimestampSetFunc,
-        UADataType,
-        UAVariable,
-        UAVariableType,
-        CloneOptions,
-        CloneFilter,
-        ISessionContext,
-        BaseNode,
-        UAVariableT
-    } from "node-opcua-address-space-base";
-    import { UAHistoricalDataConfiguration } from "node-opcua-nodeset-ua";
-
-    import { SessionContext } from "../source/session_context";
-    import { convertToCallbackFunction1 } from "../source/helpers/multiform_func";
-    import { BaseNodeImpl, InternalBaseNodeOptions } from "./base_node_impl";
-    import { _clone, ToStringBuilder, UAVariable_toString } from "./base_node_private";
-    import { EnumerationInfo, IEnumItem, UADataTypeImpl } from "./ua_data_type_impl";
-    import { apply_condition_refresh, ConditionRefreshCache } from "./apply_condition_refresh";
-    import {
-        extractPartialData,
-        incrementElement,
-        propagateTouchValueDownward,
-        propagateTouchValueDownwardArray,
-        propagateTouchValueUpward,
-        setExtensionObjectPartialValue,
-        _bindExtensionObject,
-        _bindExtensionObjectArrayOrMatrix,
-        _installExtensionObjectBindingOnProperties,
-        _touchValue
-    } from "./ua_variable_impl_ext_obj";
-
-    const debugLog = make_debugLog(__filename);
-    const warningLog = make_warningLog(__filename);
-    const doDebug = checkDebugFlag(__filename);
-    const errorLog = make_errorLog(__filename);
-
-
-
-    export function adjust_accessLevel(accessLevel: string | number | null): AccessLevelFlag {
-        accessLevel = utils.isNullOrUndefined(accessLevel) ? "CurrentRead | CurrentWrite" : accessLevel;
-        accessLevel = makeAccessLevelFlag(accessLevel);
-        assert(isFinite(accessLevel));
-        return accessLevel;
-    }
-
-    export function adjust_userAccessLevel(
-        userAccessLevel: string | number | null | undefined,
-        accessLevel: string | number | null
-    ): AccessLevelFlag | undefined {
-        if (userAccessLevel === undefined) {
-            return undefined;
-        }
-        userAccessLevel = adjust_accessLevel(userAccessLevel);
-        accessLevel = adjust_accessLevel(accessLevel);
-        return makeAccessLevelFlag(accessLevel & userAccessLevel);
-    }
-
-    function adjust_samplingInterval(minimumSamplingInterval: number): number {
-        assert(isFinite(minimumSamplingInterval));
-        if (minimumSamplingInterval < 0) {
-            return -1; // only -1 is a valid negative value for samplingInterval and means "unspecified"
-        }
-        return minimumSamplingInterval;
-    }
-
-    function is_Variant(v: any): boolean {
-        return v instanceof Variant;
-    }
-
-    function is_StatusCode(v: any): boolean {
-        return (
-            v &&
-            v.constructor &&
-            (
-                v instanceof StatusCode ||
-                v.constructor.name === "ConstantStatusCode" ||
-                v.constructor.name === "StatusCode" ||
-                v.constructor.name === "ModifiableStatusCode")
-        );
+/* eslint-disable max-statements */
+/* eslint-disable complexity */
+/**
+ * @module node-opcua-address-space
+ */
+// tslint:disable:no-bitwise
+// tslint:disable:no-console
+// tslint:disable:max-line-length
+import * as chalk from "chalk";
+
+import {
+    BindExtensionObjectOptions,
+    CloneExtraInfo,
+    ContinuationData,
+    defaultCloneExtraInfo,
+    defaultCloneFilter,
+    GetFunc,
+    SetFunc,
+    VariableDataValueGetterSync,
+    VariableDataValueSetterWithCallback
+} from "node-opcua-address-space-base";
+import { assert } from "node-opcua-assert";
+import {
+    isValidDataEncoding,
+    convertAccessLevelFlagToByte,
+    QualifiedNameLike,
+    NodeClass,
+    AccessLevelFlag,
+    makeAccessLevelFlag,
+    AttributeIds,
+    isDataEncoding,
+    QualifiedName
+} from "node-opcua-data-model";
+import { extractRange, sameDataValue, DataValue, DataValueLike, DataValueT } from "node-opcua-data-value";
+import { coerceClock, getCurrentClock, PreciseClock } from "node-opcua-date-time";
+import { checkDebugFlag, make_debugLog, make_errorLog, make_warningLog } from "node-opcua-debug";
+import { ExtensionObject } from "node-opcua-extension-object";
+import { NodeId } from "node-opcua-nodeid";
+import { NumericRange } from "node-opcua-numeric-range";
+import { WriteValue } from "node-opcua-service-write";
+import { StatusCode, StatusCodes, CallbackT } from "node-opcua-status-code";
+import {
+    HistoryReadDetails,
+    HistoryReadResult,
+    PermissionType,
+    ReadAtTimeDetails,
+    ReadEventDetails,
+    ReadProcessedDetails,
+    ReadRawModifiedDetails,
+    WriteValueOptions
+} from "node-opcua-types";
+import * as utils from "node-opcua-utils";
+import {
+    Variant,
+    VariantLike,
+    DataType,
+    sameVariant,
+    VariantArrayType,
+    adjustVariant,
+    verifyRankAndDimensions
+} from "node-opcua-variant";
+import { StatusCodeCallback } from "node-opcua-status-code";
+import {
+    IAddressSpace,
+    BindVariableOptions,
+    IVariableHistorian,
+    TimestampGetFunc,
+    TimestampSetFunc,
+    UADataType,
+    UAVariable,
+    UAVariableType,
+    CloneOptions,
+    CloneFilter,
+    ISessionContext,
+    BaseNode,
+    UAVariableT
+} from "node-opcua-address-space-base";
+import { UAHistoricalDataConfiguration } from "node-opcua-nodeset-ua";
+
+import { SessionContext } from "../source/session_context";
+import { convertToCallbackFunction1 } from "../source/helpers/multiform_func";
+import { BaseNodeImpl, InternalBaseNodeOptions } from "./base_node_impl";
+import { _clone, ToStringBuilder, UAVariable_toString } from "./base_node_private";
+import { EnumerationInfo, IEnumItem, UADataTypeImpl } from "./ua_data_type_impl";
+import { apply_condition_refresh, ConditionRefreshCache } from "./apply_condition_refresh";
+import {
+    extractPartialData,
+    incrementElement,
+    propagateTouchValueDownward,
+    propagateTouchValueDownwardArray,
+    propagateTouchValueUpward,
+    setExtensionObjectPartialValue,
+    _bindExtensionObject,
+    _bindExtensionObjectArrayOrMatrix,
+    _installExtensionObjectBindingOnProperties,
+    _touchValue
+} from "./ua_variable_impl_ext_obj";
+
+const debugLog = make_debugLog(__filename);
+const warningLog = make_warningLog(__filename);
+const doDebug = checkDebugFlag(__filename);
+const errorLog = make_errorLog(__filename);
+
+
+
+export function adjust_accessLevel(accessLevel: string | number | null): AccessLevelFlag {
+    accessLevel = utils.isNullOrUndefined(accessLevel) ? "CurrentRead | CurrentWrite" : accessLevel;
+    accessLevel = makeAccessLevelFlag(accessLevel);
+    assert(isFinite(accessLevel));
+    return accessLevel;
+}
+
+export function adjust_userAccessLevel(
+    userAccessLevel: string | number | null | undefined,
+    accessLevel: string | number | null
+): AccessLevelFlag | undefined {
+    if (userAccessLevel === undefined) {
+        return undefined;
     }
-
-    function is_Variant_or_StatusCode(v: any): boolean {
-        if (is_Variant(v)) {
-            // /@@assert(v.isValid());
-        }
-        return is_Variant(v) || is_StatusCode(v);
+    userAccessLevel = adjust_accessLevel(userAccessLevel);
+    accessLevel = adjust_accessLevel(accessLevel);
+    return makeAccessLevelFlag(accessLevel & userAccessLevel);
+}
+
+function adjust_samplingInterval(minimumSamplingInterval: number): number {
+    assert(isFinite(minimumSamplingInterval));
+    if (minimumSamplingInterval < 0) {
+        return -1; // only -1 is a valid negative value for samplingInterval and means "unspecified"
+    }
+    return minimumSamplingInterval;
+}
+
+function is_Variant(v: any): boolean {
+    return v instanceof Variant;
+}
+
+function is_StatusCode(v: any): boolean {
+    return (
+        v &&
+        v.constructor &&
+        (
+            v instanceof StatusCode ||
+            v.constructor.name === "ConstantStatusCode" ||
+            v.constructor.name === "StatusCode" ||
+            v.constructor.name === "ModifiableStatusCode")
+    );
+}
+
+function is_Variant_or_StatusCode(v: any): boolean {
+    if (is_Variant(v)) {
+        // /@@assert(v.isValid());
     }
+    return is_Variant(v) || is_StatusCode(v);
+}
 
-    function _dataType_toUADataType(addressSpace: IAddressSpace, dataType: DataType): UADataType {
-        assert(addressSpace);
-        assert(dataType !== DataType.Null);
+function _dataType_toUADataType(addressSpace: IAddressSpace, dataType: DataType): UADataType {
+    assert(addressSpace);
+    assert(dataType !== DataType.Null);
 
-        const dataTypeNode = addressSpace.findDataType(DataType[dataType]);
-        /* istanbul ignore next */
-        if (!dataTypeNode) {
-            throw new Error(" Cannot find DataType " + DataType[dataType] + " in address Space");
-        }
-        return dataTypeNode as UADataType;
+    const dataTypeNode = addressSpace.findDataType(DataType[dataType]);
+    /* istanbul ignore next */
+    if (!dataTypeNode) {
+        throw new Error(" Cannot find DataType " + DataType[dataType] + " in address Space");
     }
-    /*=
-    *
-    * @param addressSpace
-    * @param dataTypeNodeId : the nodeId matching the dataType of the destination variable.
-    * @param variantDataType: the dataType of the variant to write to the destination variable
-    * @param nodeId
-    * @return {boolean} true if the variant dataType is compatible with the Variable DataType
-    */
-    function validateDataType(
-        addressSpace: IAddressSpace,
-        dataTypeNodeId: NodeId,
-        variantDataType: DataType,
-        nodeId: NodeId,
-        allowNulls: boolean
-    ): boolean {
-        if (variantDataType === DataType.ExtensionObject) {
-            return true;
-        }
-        if (variantDataType === DataType.Null && allowNulls) {
-            return true;
-        }
-        if (variantDataType === DataType.Null && !allowNulls) {
-            return false;
-        }
-        let builtInType: DataType;
-        let builtInUADataType: UADataType;
+    return dataTypeNode as UADataType;
+}
+/*=
+*
+* @param addressSpace
+* @param dataTypeNodeId : the nodeId matching the dataType of the destination variable.
+* @param variantDataType: the dataType of the variant to write to the destination variable
+* @param nodeId
+* @return {boolean} true if the variant dataType is compatible with the Variable DataType
+*/
+function validateDataType(
+    addressSpace: IAddressSpace,
+    dataTypeNodeId: NodeId,
+    variantDataType: DataType,
+    nodeId: NodeId,
+    allowNulls: boolean
+): boolean {
+    if (variantDataType === DataType.ExtensionObject) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    if (variantDataType === DataType.Null && allowNulls) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    if (variantDataType === DataType.Null && !allowNulls) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    let builtInType: DataType;
+    let builtInUADataType: UADataType;
 
-        const destUADataType = addressSpace.findDataType(dataTypeNodeId)!;
-        assert(destUADataType instanceof UADataTypeImpl);
+    const destUADataType = addressSpace.findDataType(dataTypeNodeId)!;
+    assert(destUADataType instanceof UADataTypeImpl);
 
-        if (destUADataType.isAbstract || destUADataType.nodeId.namespace !== 0) {
-            builtInUADataType = destUADataType;
-        } else {
-            builtInType = addressSpace.findCorrespondingBasicDataType(destUADataType);
-            builtInUADataType = addressSpace.findDataType(builtInType)!;
-        }
-        assert(builtInUADataType instanceof UADataTypeImpl);
+    if (destUADataType.isAbstract || destUADataType.nodeId.namespace !== 0) {
+        builtInUADataType = destUADataType;
+    } else {
+        builtInType = addressSpace.findCorrespondingBasicDataType(destUADataType);
+        builtInUADataType = addressSpace.findDataType(builtInType)!;
+    }
+    assert(builtInUADataType instanceof UADataTypeImpl);
 
-        const enumerationUADataType = addressSpace.findDataType("Enumeration");
-        if (!enumerationUADataType) {
-            throw new Error("cannot find Enumeration DataType node in standard address space");
-        }
-        if (destUADataType.isSubtypeOf(enumerationUADataType)) {
-            // istanbul ignore next
-            if (doDebug) {
-                debugLog("destUADataType.", destUADataType.browseName.toString(), destUADataType.nodeId.toString());
-                debugLog(
-                    "enumerationUADataType.",
-                    enumerationUADataType.browseName.toString(),
-                    enumerationUADataType.nodeId.toString()
-                );
-            }
-            return true;
+    const enumerationUADataType = addressSpace.findDataType("Enumeration");
+    if (!enumerationUADataType) {
+        throw new Error("cannot find Enumeration DataType node in standard address space");
+    }
+    if (destUADataType.isSubtypeOf(enumerationUADataType)) {
+        // istanbul ignore next
+        if (doDebug) {
+            debugLog("destUADataType.", destUADataType.browseName.toString(), destUADataType.nodeId.toString());
+            debugLog(
+                "enumerationUADataType.",
+                enumerationUADataType.browseName.toString(),
+                enumerationUADataType.nodeId.toString()
+            );
         }
+        return true;
+    }
 
-        // The value supplied for the attribute is not of the same type as the  value.
-        const variantUADataType = _dataType_toUADataType(addressSpace, variantDataType);
-        assert(variantUADataType instanceof UADataTypeImpl);
+    // The value supplied for the attribute is not of the same type as the  value.
+    const variantUADataType = _dataType_toUADataType(addressSpace, variantDataType);
+    assert(variantUADataType instanceof UADataTypeImpl);
 
-        const dest_isSubTypeOf_variant = variantUADataType.isSubtypeOf(builtInUADataType);
+    const dest_isSubTypeOf_variant = variantUADataType.isSubtypeOf(builtInUADataType);
 
-        /* istanbul ignore next */
-        if (doDebug) {
-            if (dest_isSubTypeOf_variant) {
-                /* istanbul ignore next*/
-                debugLog(chalk.green(" ---------- Type match !!! "), " on ", nodeId.toString());
-            } else {
-                /* istanbul ignore next*/
-                debugLog(chalk.red(" ---------- Type mismatch "), " on ", nodeId.toString());
-            }
-            debugLog(chalk.cyan(" Variable data Type is    = "), destUADataType.browseName.toString());
-            debugLog(chalk.cyan(" which matches basic Type = "), builtInUADataType.browseName.toString());
-            debugLog(chalk.yellow("        Actual   dataType = "), variantUADataType.browseName.toString());
+    /* istanbul ignore next */
+    if (doDebug) {
+        if (dest_isSubTypeOf_variant) {
+            /* istanbul ignore next*/
+            debugLog(chalk.green(" ---------- Type match !!! "), " on ", nodeId.toString());
+        } else {
+            /* istanbul ignore next*/
+            debugLog(chalk.red(" ---------- Type mismatch "), " on ", nodeId.toString());
         }
-
-        return dest_isSubTypeOf_variant;
+        debugLog(chalk.cyan(" Variable data Type is    = "), destUADataType.browseName.toString());
+        debugLog(chalk.cyan(" which matches basic Type = "), builtInUADataType.browseName.toString());
+        debugLog(chalk.yellow("        Actual   dataType = "), variantUADataType.browseName.toString());
     }
 
-    function default_func(this: UAVariable, dataValue1: DataValue, callback1: CallbackT<StatusCode>) {
-        return _default_writable_timestamped_set_func.call(this, dataValue1, callback1);
-    }
+    return dest_isSubTypeOf_variant;
+}
 
-    interface UAVariableOptions extends InternalBaseNodeOptions {
-        value?: any;
-        dataType: NodeId | string;
-        /**
-         * This attribute indicates whether the Value attribute of the Variableis an array and how many dimensions the array has.
-         * It may have the following values:
-         *   * n > 1: the Value is an array with the specified number of dimensions.
-         *   * OneDimension (1): The value is an array with one dimension.
-         *   * OneOrMoreDimensions (0): The value is an array with one or more dimensions.
-         *   * Scalar (−1): The value is not an array.
-         *   * Any (−2): The value can be a scalar or an array with any number of dimensions.
-         *   * ScalarOrOneDimension (−3): The value can be a scalar or a one dimensional array.
-         *   * All DataTypes are considered to be scalar, even if they have array-like semantics like ByteString and String.
-         */
-        valueRank?: number;
-        arrayDimensions?: null | number[];
-        accessLevel?: any;
-        userAccessLevel?: any;
-        minimumSamplingInterval?: number; // default -1
-        historizing?: number;
-    }
+function default_func(this: UAVariable, dataValue1: DataValue, callback1: CallbackT<StatusCode>) {
+    return _default_writable_timestamped_set_func.call(this, dataValue1, callback1);
+}
 
+interface UAVariableOptions extends InternalBaseNodeOptions {
+    value?: any;
+    dataType: NodeId | string;
     /**
-     * A OPCUA Variable Node
-     *
-     * @class UAVariable
-     * @constructor
-     * @extends  BaseNode
-     *  The AccessLevel Attribute is used to indicate how the Value of a Variable can be accessed (read/write) and if it
-     *  contains current and/or historic data. The AccessLevel does not take any user access rights into account,
-     *  i.e. although the Variable is writable this may be restricted to a certain user / user group.
-     *  The AccessLevel is an 8-bit unsigned integer with the structure defined in the following table:
-     *
-     *  Field            Bit    Description
-     *  CurrentRead      0      Indicates if the current value is readable
-     *                          (0 means not readable, 1 means readable).
-     *  CurrentWrite     1      Indicates if the current value is writable
-     *                          (0 means not writable, 1 means writable).
-     *  HistoryRead      2      Indicates if the history of the value is readable
-     *                          (0 means not readable, 1 means readable).
-     *  HistoryWrite     3      Indicates if the history of the value is writable (0 means not writable, 1 means writable).
-     *  SemanticChange   4      Indicates if the Variable used as Property generates SemanticChangeEvents (see 9.31).
-     *  Reserved         5:7    Reserved for future use. Shall always be zero.
-     *
-     *  The first two bits also indicate if a current value of this Variable is available and the second two bits
-     *  indicates if the history of the Variable is available via the OPC UA server.
-     *
+     * This attribute indicates whether the Value attribute of the Variableis an array and how many dimensions the array has.
+     * It may have the following values:
+     *   * n > 1: the Value is an array with the specified number of dimensions.
+     *   * OneDimension (1): The value is an array with one dimension.
+     *   * OneOrMoreDimensions (0): The value is an array with one or more dimensions.
+     *   * Scalar (−1): The value is not an array.
+     *   * Any (−2): The value can be a scalar or an array with any number of dimensions.
+     *   * ScalarOrOneDimension (−3): The value can be a scalar or a one dimensional array.
+     *   * All DataTypes are considered to be scalar, even if they have array-like semantics like ByteString and String.
      */
-    export class UAVariableImpl extends BaseNodeImpl implements UAVariable {
-        public readonly nodeClass = NodeClass.Variable;
-
-        public dataType: NodeId;
-        private _basicDataType?: DataType;
-
-        public $extensionObject?: any;
-        public $set_ExtensionObject?: (newValue: ExtensionObject, sourceTimestamp: PreciseClock, cache: Set<UAVariableImpl>) => void;
-
-        public $historicalDataConfiguration?: UAHistoricalDataConfiguration;
-        public varHistorian?: IVariableHistorian;
-
-        /**
-         * @internal @private
-         */
-        public $dataValue: DataValue;
-        public accessLevel: number;
-        public userAccessLevel?: number;
-        public valueRank: number;
-        public minimumSamplingInterval: number;
-        public historizing: boolean;
-        public semantic_version: number;
-        public arrayDimensions: null | number[];
-
-        public _timestamped_get_func?: TimestampGetFunc | null;
-        public _timestamped_set_func?: VariableDataValueSetterWithCallback | null;
-        public _get_func: any;
-        public _set_func: any;
-        public refreshFunc?: (callback: CallbackT<DataValue>) => void;
-        public __waiting_callbacks?: any[];
-
-        get typeDefinitionObj(): UAVariableType {
-            // istanbul ignore next
-            if (super.typeDefinitionObj && super.typeDefinitionObj.nodeClass !== NodeClass.VariableType) {
-                console.log(super.typeDefinitionObj.toString());
-                throw new Error(
-                    "Invalid type definition node class , expecting a VariableType got " + NodeClass[super.typeDefinitionObj.nodeClass]
-                );
-            }
-            return super.typeDefinitionObj as UAVariableType;
-        }
-        get typeDefinition(): NodeId {
-            return super.typeDefinition;
+    valueRank?: number;
+    arrayDimensions?: null | number[];
+    accessLevel?: any;
+    userAccessLevel?: any;
+    minimumSamplingInterval?: number; // default -1
+    historizing?: number;
+}
+
+/**
+ * A OPCUA Variable Node
+ *
+ * @class UAVariable
+ * @constructor
+ * @extends  BaseNode
+ *  The AccessLevel Attribute is used to indicate how the Value of a Variable can be accessed (read/write) and if it
+ *  contains current and/or historic data. The AccessLevel does not take any user access rights into account,
+ *  i.e. although the Variable is writable this may be restricted to a certain user / user group.
+ *  The AccessLevel is an 8-bit unsigned integer with the structure defined in the following table:
+ *
+ *  Field            Bit    Description
+ *  CurrentRead      0      Indicates if the current value is readable
+ *                          (0 means not readable, 1 means readable).
+ *  CurrentWrite     1      Indicates if the current value is writable
+ *                          (0 means not writable, 1 means writable).
+ *  HistoryRead      2      Indicates if the history of the value is readable
+ *                          (0 means not readable, 1 means readable).
+ *  HistoryWrite     3      Indicates if the history of the value is writable (0 means not writable, 1 means writable).
+ *  SemanticChange   4      Indicates if the Variable used as Property generates SemanticChangeEvents (see 9.31).
+ *  Reserved         5:7    Reserved for future use. Shall always be zero.
+ *
+ *  The first two bits also indicate if a current value of this Variable is available and the second two bits
+ *  indicates if the history of the Variable is available via the OPC UA server.
+ *
+ */
+export class UAVariableImpl extends BaseNodeImpl implements UAVariable {
+    public readonly nodeClass = NodeClass.Variable;
+
+    public dataType: NodeId;
+    private _basicDataType?: DataType;
+
+    public $extensionObject?: any;
+    public $set_ExtensionObject?: (newValue: ExtensionObject, sourceTimestamp: PreciseClock, cache: Set<UAVariableImpl>) => void;
+
+    public $historicalDataConfiguration?: UAHistoricalDataConfiguration;
+    public varHistorian?: IVariableHistorian;
+
+    /**
+     * @internal @private
+     */
+    public $dataValue: DataValue;
+    public accessLevel: number;
+    public userAccessLevel?: number;
+    public valueRank: number;
+    public minimumSamplingInterval: number;
+    public historizing: boolean;
+    public semantic_version: number;
+    public arrayDimensions: null | number[];
+
+    public _timestamped_get_func?: TimestampGetFunc | null;
+    public _timestamped_set_func?: VariableDataValueSetterWithCallback | null;
+    public _get_func: any;
+    public _set_func: any;
+    public refreshFunc?: (callback: CallbackT<DataValue>) => void;
+    public __waiting_callbacks?: any[];
+
+    get typeDefinitionObj(): UAVariableType {
+        // istanbul ignore next
+        if (super.typeDefinitionObj && super.typeDefinitionObj.nodeClass !== NodeClass.VariableType) {
+            console.log(super.typeDefinitionObj.toString());
+            throw new Error(
+                "Invalid type definition node class , expecting a VariableType got " + NodeClass[super.typeDefinitionObj.nodeClass]
+            );
         }
-        constructor(options: UAVariableOptions) {
-            super(options);
+        return super.typeDefinitionObj as UAVariableType;
+    }
+    get typeDefinition(): NodeId {
+        return super.typeDefinition;
+    }
+    constructor(options: UAVariableOptions) {
+        super(options);
 
-            verifyRankAndDimensions(options);
-            this.valueRank = options.valueRank!;
-            this.arrayDimensions = options.arrayDimensions!;
+        verifyRankAndDimensions(options);
+        this.valueRank = options.valueRank!;
+        this.arrayDimensions = options.arrayDimensions!;
 
-            this.dataType = this.resolveNodeId(options.dataType); // DataType (NodeId)
+        this.dataType = this.resolveNodeId(options.dataType); // DataType (NodeId)
 
-            this.accessLevel = adjust_accessLevel(options.accessLevel);
+        this.accessLevel = adjust_accessLevel(options.accessLevel);
 
-            this.userAccessLevel = adjust_userAccessLevel(options.userAccessLevel, this.accessLevel);
+        this.userAccessLevel = adjust_userAccessLevel(options.userAccessLevel, this.accessLevel);
 
-            this.minimumSamplingInterval = adjust_samplingInterval(options.minimumSamplingInterval || 0);
+        this.minimumSamplingInterval = adjust_samplingInterval(options.minimumSamplingInterval || 0);
 
-            this.historizing = !!options.historizing; // coerced to boolean"
+        this.historizing = !!options.historizing; // coerced to boolean"
 
-            this.$dataValue = new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.UncertainInitialValue, value: { dataType: DataType.Null } });
+        this.$dataValue = new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.UncertainInitialValue, value: { dataType: DataType.Null } });
 
-            if (options.value) {
-                this.bindVariable(options.value);
-            }
+        if (options.value) {
+            this.bindVariable(options.value);
+        }
 
-            this.setMaxListeners(5000);
+        this.setMaxListeners(5000);
 
-            this.semantic_version = 0;
-        }
-        private checkAccessLevelPrivate(
-            _context: ISessionContext,
-            accessLevel: AccessLevelFlag): boolean {
-            if (this.userAccessLevel === undefined) {
-                return true;
-            }
-            return (this.userAccessLevel & accessLevel) === accessLevel;
-        }
-        private checkPermissionPrivate(
-            context: ISessionContext,
-            permission: PermissionType,
-        ): boolean {
-            if (!context) return true;
-            assert(context instanceof SessionContext);
-            if (context.checkPermission) {
-                if (!(context.checkPermission instanceof Function)) {
-                    errorLog("context checkPermission is not a function");
-                    return false;
-                }
-                if (!context.checkPermission(this, permission)) {
-                    return false;
-                }
-            }
+        this.semantic_version = 0;
+    }
+    private checkAccessLevelPrivate(
+        _context: ISessionContext,
+        accessLevel: AccessLevelFlag): boolean {
+        if (this.userAccessLevel === undefined) {
             return true;
         }
-        private checkPermissionAndAccessLevelPrivate(
-            context: ISessionContext,
-            permission: PermissionType,
-            accessLevel: AccessLevelFlag): boolean {
-            if (!this.checkPermissionPrivate(context, permission)) {
-                return false;
-            }
-            return this.checkAccessLevelPrivate(context, accessLevel);
-        }
-
-        public isReadable(context: ISessionContext): boolean {
-            return (this.accessLevel & AccessLevelFlag.CurrentRead) === AccessLevelFlag.CurrentRead;
-        }
-
-        public isUserReadable(context: ISessionContext): boolean {
-            if (!this.isReadable(context)) {
+        return (this.userAccessLevel & accessLevel) === accessLevel;
+    }
+    private checkPermissionPrivate(
+        context: ISessionContext,
+        permission: PermissionType,
+    ): boolean {
+        if (!context) return true;
+        assert(context instanceof SessionContext);
+        if (context.checkPermission) {
+            if (!(context.checkPermission instanceof Function)) {
+                errorLog("context checkPermission is not a function");
                 return false;
             }
-            if (!this.checkPermissionPrivate(context, PermissionType.Read)) {
+            if (!context.checkPermission(this, permission)) {
                 return false;
             }
-            return this.checkAccessLevelPrivate(context, AccessLevelFlag.CurrentRead);
         }
+        return true;
+    }
+    private checkPermissionAndAccessLevelPrivate(
+        context: ISessionContext,
+        permission: PermissionType,
+        accessLevel: AccessLevelFlag): boolean {
+        if (!this.checkPermissionPrivate(context, permission)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return this.checkAccessLevelPrivate(context, accessLevel);
+    }
+
+    public isReadable(context: ISessionContext): boolean {
+        return (this.accessLevel & AccessLevelFlag.CurrentRead) === AccessLevelFlag.CurrentRead;
+    }
 
-        public isWritable(context: ISessionContext): boolean {
-            return (this.accessLevel & AccessLevelFlag.CurrentWrite) === AccessLevelFlag.CurrentWrite;
+    public isUserReadable(context: ISessionContext): boolean {
+        if (!this.isReadable(context)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (!this.checkPermissionPrivate(context, PermissionType.Read)) {
+            return false;
         }
+        return this.checkAccessLevelPrivate(context, AccessLevelFlag.CurrentRead);
+    }
 
-        public isUserWritable(context: ISessionContext): boolean {
-            if (!this.isWritable(context)) {
-                return false;
-            }
-            return this.checkPermissionAndAccessLevelPrivate(context, PermissionType.Write, AccessLevelFlag.CurrentWrite);
+    public isWritable(context: ISessionContext): boolean {
+        return (this.accessLevel & AccessLevelFlag.CurrentWrite) === AccessLevelFlag.CurrentWrite;
+    }
+
+    public isUserWritable(context: ISessionContext): boolean {
+        if (!this.isWritable(context)) {
+            return false;
         }
+        return this.checkPermissionAndAccessLevelPrivate(context, PermissionType.Write, AccessLevelFlag.CurrentWrite);
+    }
 
-        public canUserReadHistory(context: ISessionContext): boolean {
-            return this.checkPermissionAndAccessLevelPrivate(context, PermissionType.ReadHistory, AccessLevelFlag.HistoryRead);
+    public canUserReadHistory(context: ISessionContext): boolean {
+        return this.checkPermissionAndAccessLevelPrivate(context, PermissionType.ReadHistory, AccessLevelFlag.HistoryRead);
+    }
+    public canUserWriteHistorizingAttribute(context: ISessionContext): boolean {
+        if (context && !context.checkPermission(this, PermissionType.WriteHistorizing)) {
+            return false;
         }
-        public canUserWriteHistorizingAttribute(context: ISessionContext): boolean {
-            if (context && !context.checkPermission(this, PermissionType.WriteHistorizing)) {
-                return false;
-            }
-            return true;
+        return true;
+    }
+    public canUserInsertHistory(context: ISessionContext): boolean {
+        return this.checkPermissionAndAccessLevelPrivate(context, PermissionType.InsertHistory, AccessLevelFlag.HistoryWrite);
+    }
+    public canUserModifyHistory(context: ISessionContext): boolean {
+        return this.checkPermissionAndAccessLevelPrivate(context, PermissionType.ModifyHistory, AccessLevelFlag.HistoryWrite);
+    }
+    public canUserDeleteHistory(context: ISessionContext): boolean {
+        return this.checkPermissionAndAccessLevelPrivate(context, PermissionType.DeleteHistory, AccessLevelFlag.HistoryWrite);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * 
+     * from OPC.UA.Spec 1.02 part 4
+     *  5.10.2.4 StatusCodes
+     *  Table 51 defines values for the operation level statusCode contained in the DataValue structure of
+     *  each values element. Common StatusCodes are defined in Table 166.
+     *
+     * Table 51 Read Operation Level Result Codes
+     *
+     * | Symbolic Id                 | Description
+     * |-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+     * |BadNodeIdInvalid             | The syntax of the node id is not valid.|
+     * |BadNodeIdUnknown            |The node id refers to a node that does not exist in the server address space.|
+     * |BadAttributeIdInvalid      | BadAttributeIdInvalid The attribute is not supported for the specified node.|
+     * |BadIndexRangeInvalid       | The syntax of the index range parameter is invalid.|
+     * |BadIndexRangeNoData        | No data exists within the range of indexes specified.|
+     * |BadDataEncodingInvalid     | The data encoding is invalid.|
+     * |                           | This result is used if no dataEncoding can be applied because an Attribute other|
+     * |                           | than Value was requested or the DataType of the Value Attribute is not a subtype|
+     * |                           | of the Structure DataType.|
+     * |BadDataEncodingUnsupported | The server does not support the requested data encoding for the node. |
+     * |                           | This result is used if a dataEncoding can be applied but the passed data encoding |
+     * |                           | is not known to the Server. |
+     * |BadNotReadable             | The access level does not allow reading or subscribing to the Node.|
+     * |BadUserAccessDenied        | User does not have permission to perform the requested operation. (table 165)|
+     */
+    public readValue(
+        context?: ISessionContext | null,
+        indexRange?: NumericRange,
+        dataEncoding?: QualifiedNameLike | null
+    ): DataValue {
+        if (!context) {
+            context = SessionContext.defaultContext;
         }
-        public canUserInsertHistory(context: ISessionContext): boolean {
-            return this.checkPermissionAndAccessLevelPrivate(context, PermissionType.InsertHistory, AccessLevelFlag.HistoryWrite);
-        }
-        public canUserModifyHistory(context: ISessionContext): boolean {
-            return this.checkPermissionAndAccessLevelPrivate(context, PermissionType.ModifyHistory, AccessLevelFlag.HistoryWrite);
-        }
-        public canUserDeleteHistory(context: ISessionContext): boolean {
-            return this.checkPermissionAndAccessLevelPrivate(context, PermissionType.DeleteHistory, AccessLevelFlag.HistoryWrite);
-        }
-
-        /**
-         *
-         * 
-         * from OPC.UA.Spec 1.02 part 4
-         *  5.10.2.4 StatusCodes
-         *  Table 51 defines values for the operation level statusCode contained in the DataValue structure of
-         *  each values element. Common StatusCodes are defined in Table 166.
-         *
-         * Table 51 Read Operation Level Result Codes
-         *
-         * | Symbolic Id                 | Description
-         * |-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
-         * |BadNodeIdInvalid             | The syntax of the node id is not valid.|
-         * |BadNodeIdUnknown            |The node id refers to a node that does not exist in the server address space.|
-         * |BadAttributeIdInvalid      | BadAttributeIdInvalid The attribute is not supported for the specified node.|
-         * |BadIndexRangeInvalid       | The syntax of the index range parameter is invalid.|
-         * |BadIndexRangeNoData        | No data exists within the range of indexes specified.|
-         * |BadDataEncodingInvalid     | The data encoding is invalid.|
-         * |                           | This result is used if no dataEncoding can be applied because an Attribute other|
-         * |                           | than Value was requested or the DataType of the Value Attribute is not a subtype|
-         * |                           | of the Structure DataType.|
-         * |BadDataEncodingUnsupported | The server does not support the requested data encoding for the node. |
-         * |                           | This result is used if a dataEncoding can be applied but the passed data encoding |
-         * |                           | is not known to the Server. |
-         * |BadNotReadable             | The access level does not allow reading or subscribing to the Node.|
-         * |BadUserAccessDenied        | User does not have permission to perform the requested operation. (table 165)|
-         */
-        public readValue(
-            context?: ISessionContext | null,
-            indexRange?: NumericRange,
-            dataEncoding?: QualifiedNameLike | null
-        ): DataValue {
-            if (!context) {
-                context = SessionContext.defaultContext;
-            }
 
-            if (context.isAccessRestricted(this)) {
-                return new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadSecurityModeInsufficient });
-            }
+        if (context.isAccessRestricted(this)) {
+            return new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadSecurityModeInsufficient });
+        }
 
-            if (!this.isReadable(context)) {
-                return new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadNotReadable });
-            }
-            if (!this.checkPermissionPrivate(context, PermissionType.Read)) {
-                return new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadUserAccessDenied });
-            }
-            if (!this.isUserReadable(context)) {
-                return new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadNotReadable });
-            }
-            if (!isValidDataEncoding(dataEncoding)) {
-                return new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadDataEncodingInvalid });
-            }
+        if (!this.isReadable(context)) {
+            return new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadNotReadable });
+        }
+        if (!this.checkPermissionPrivate(context, PermissionType.Read)) {
+            return new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadUserAccessDenied });
+        }
+        if (!this.isUserReadable(context)) {
+            return new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadNotReadable });
+        }
+        if (!isValidDataEncoding(dataEncoding)) {
+            return new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadDataEncodingInvalid });
+        }
 
-            if (this._timestamped_get_func) {
-                if (this._timestamped_get_func.length === 0) {
-                    const dataValueOrPromise = (this._timestamped_get_func as VariableDataValueGetterSync)();
-                    if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(dataValueOrPromise, "then")) {
-                        if (dataValueOrPromise !== this.$dataValue) {
-                            // TO DO : is this necessary ? this may interfere with current use of $dataValue
-                            this.$dataValue = dataValueOrPromise as DataValue;
-                            this.verifyVariantCompatibility(this.$dataValue.value);
-                        }
-                    } else {
-                        errorLog("Unsupported: _timestamped_get_func returns a Promise !");
+        if (this._timestamped_get_func) {
+            if (this._timestamped_get_func.length === 0) {
+                const dataValueOrPromise = (this._timestamped_get_func as VariableDataValueGetterSync)();
+                if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(dataValueOrPromise, "then")) {
+                    if (dataValueOrPromise !== this.$dataValue) {
+                        // TO DO : is this necessary ? this may interfere with current use of $dataValue
+                        this.$dataValue = dataValueOrPromise as DataValue;
+                        this.verifyVariantCompatibility(this.$dataValue.value);
                     }
+                } else {
+                    errorLog("Unsupported: _timestamped_get_func returns a Promise !");
                 }
             }
+        }
 
-            let dataValue = this.$dataValue;
-
-            if (dataValue.statusCode.isGoodish()) {
-                // note : extractRange will clone the dataValue
-                dataValue = extractRange(dataValue, indexRange);
-            }
+        let dataValue = this.$dataValue;
 
-            /* istanbul ignore next */
-            if (
-                dataValue.statusCode.equals(StatusCodes.BadWaitingForInitialData) ||
-                dataValue.statusCode.equals(StatusCodes.UncertainInitialValue)
-            ) {
-                debugLog(
-                    chalk.red(" Warning:  UAVariable#readValue ") +
-                    chalk.cyan(this.browseName.toString()) +
-                    " (" +
-                    chalk.yellow(this.nodeId.toString()) +
-                    ") exists but dataValue has not been defined"
-                );
-            }
-            return dataValue;
+        if (dataValue.statusCode.isGoodish()) {
+            // note : extractRange will clone the dataValue
+            dataValue = extractRange(dataValue, indexRange);
         }
 
-        public isEnumeration(): boolean {
-            return this.addressSpacePrivate.isEnumeration(this.dataType);
+        /* istanbul ignore next */
+        if (
+            dataValue.statusCode.equals(StatusCodes.BadWaitingForInitialData) ||
+            dataValue.statusCode.equals(StatusCodes.UncertainInitialValue)
+        ) {
+            debugLog(
+                chalk.red(" Warning:  UAVariable#readValue ") +
+                chalk.cyan(this.browseName.toString()) +
+                " (" +
+                chalk.yellow(this.nodeId.toString()) +
+                ") exists but dataValue has not been defined"
+            );
         }
+        return dataValue;
+    }
 
-        /**
-         * return true if the DataType is of type Extension object
-         * this is not taking into account the valueRank of the variable 
-         */
-        public isExtensionObject(): boolean {
-            // DataType must be one of Structure
-            if (this.dataType.isEmpty()) return false;
-            const dataTypeNode = this.addressSpace.findDataType(this.dataType) as UADataType;
-            if (!dataTypeNode) {
-                throw new Error(" Cannot find  DataType  " + this.dataType.toString() + " in standard address Space");
-            }
-            const structureNode = this.addressSpace.findDataType("Structure")!;
-            if (!structureNode) {
-                throw new Error(" Cannot find 'Structure' DataType in standard address Space");
-            }
-            return dataTypeNode.isSubtypeOf(structureNode);
-        }
+    public isEnumeration(): boolean {
+        return this.addressSpacePrivate.isEnumeration(this.dataType);
+    }
 
-        public _getEnumerationInfo(): EnumerationInfo {
-            // DataType must be one of Enumeration
-            assert(this.isEnumeration(), "Variable is not an enumeration");
-            const dataTypeNode = this.addressSpace.findDataType(this.dataType)! as UADataTypeImpl;
-            return dataTypeNode._getEnumerationInfo();
+    /**
+     * return true if the DataType is of type Extension object
+     * this is not taking into account the valueRank of the variable 
+     */
+    public isExtensionObject(): boolean {
+        // DataType must be one of Structure
+        if (this.dataType.isEmpty()) return false;
+        const dataTypeNode = this.addressSpace.findDataType(this.dataType) as UADataType;
+        if (!dataTypeNode) {
+            throw new Error(" Cannot find  DataType  " + this.dataType.toString() + " in standard address Space");
         }
+        const structureNode = this.addressSpace.findDataType("Structure")!;
+        if (!structureNode) {
+            throw new Error(" Cannot find 'Structure' DataType in standard address Space");
+        }
+        return dataTypeNode.isSubtypeOf(structureNode);
+    }
 
-        public asyncRefresh(oldestDate: Date, callback: CallbackT<DataValue>): void;
-        public asyncRefresh(oldestDate: Date): Promise<DataValue>;
-        public asyncRefresh(...args: any[]): any {
-            if (this.$dataValue.statusCode.isGoodish()) {
-                this.verifyVariantCompatibility(this.$dataValue.value);
-            }
+    public _getEnumerationInfo(): EnumerationInfo {
+        // DataType must be one of Enumeration
+        assert(this.isEnumeration(), "Variable is not an enumeration");
+        const dataTypeNode = this.addressSpace.findDataType(this.dataType)! as UADataTypeImpl;
+        return dataTypeNode._getEnumerationInfo();
+    }
 
-            const oldestDate = args[0] as Date;
-            assert(oldestDate instanceof Date);
-            const callback = args[1] as CallbackT<DataValue>;
-
-            if (!this.refreshFunc) {
-                // no refresh func
-                const dataValue = this.readValue();
-                dataValue.serverTimestamp = oldestDate;
-                dataValue.serverPicoseconds = 0;
-                if (oldestDate.getTime() <= dataValue.serverTimestamp!.getTime()) {
-                    return callback(null, dataValue);
-                } else {
-                    // fake
-                    return callback(null, dataValue);
-                }
-            }
+    public asyncRefresh(oldestDate: Date, callback: CallbackT<DataValue>): void;
+    public asyncRefresh(oldestDate: Date): Promise<DataValue>;
+    public asyncRefresh(...args: any[]): any {
+        if (this.$dataValue.statusCode.isGoodish()) {
+            this.verifyVariantCompatibility(this.$dataValue.value);
+        }
 
-            if (this.$dataValue.serverTimestamp && oldestDate.getTime() <= this.$dataValue.serverTimestamp!.getTime()) {
-                const dataValue = this.readValue().clone();
-                dataValue.serverTimestamp = oldestDate;
-                dataValue.serverPicoseconds = 0;
+        const oldestDate = args[0] as Date;
+        assert(oldestDate instanceof Date);
+        const callback = args[1] as CallbackT<DataValue>;
+
+        if (!this.refreshFunc) {
+            // no refresh func
+            const dataValue = this.readValue();
+            dataValue.serverTimestamp = oldestDate;
+            dataValue.serverPicoseconds = 0;
+            if (oldestDate.getTime() <= dataValue.serverTimestamp!.getTime()) {
+                return callback(null, dataValue);
+            } else {
+                // fake
                 return callback(null, dataValue);
-            }
-            try {
-                this.refreshFunc.call(this, (err: Error | null, dataValue?: DataValueLike) => {
-                    // istanbul ignore next
-                    if (err || !dataValue) {
-                        errorLog(
-                            "-------------- refresh call failed",
-                            this.browseName.toString(),
-                            this.nodeId.toString(),
-                            err?.message
-                        );
-                        dataValue = { statusCode: StatusCodes.BadNoDataAvailable };
-                    }
-                    if (dataValue && dataValue !== this.$dataValue) {
-                        this._internal_set_dataValue(coerceDataValue(dataValue), null);
-                    }
-                    callback(err, this.$dataValue);
-                });
-            } catch (err) {
-                errorLog("-------------- refresh call failed 2", this.browseName.toString(), this.nodeId.toString());
-                errorLog(err);
-                const dataValue = new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadInternalError });
-                this._internal_set_dataValue(dataValue, null);
-                callback(err as Error, this.$dataValue);
             }
         }
 
-        public readEnumValue(): IEnumItem {
-            const value = this.readValue().value.value as number;
-            const enumInfo = this._getEnumerationInfo();
-            const enumV = enumInfo.valueIndex[value];
-            return { value, name: enumV ? enumV.name : "?????" };
+        if (this.$dataValue.serverTimestamp && oldestDate.getTime() <= this.$dataValue.serverTimestamp!.getTime()) {
+            const dataValue = this.readValue().clone();
+            dataValue.serverTimestamp = oldestDate;
+            dataValue.serverPicoseconds = 0;
+            return callback(null, dataValue);
+        }
+        try {
+            this.refreshFunc.call(this, (err: Error | null, dataValue?: DataValueLike) => {
+                // istanbul ignore next
+                if (err || !dataValue) {
+                    errorLog(
+                        "-------------- refresh call failed",
+                        this.browseName.toString(),
+                        this.nodeId.toString(),
+                        err?.message
+                    );
+                    dataValue = { statusCode: StatusCodes.BadNoDataAvailable };
+                }
+                if (dataValue && dataValue !== this.$dataValue) {
+                    this._internal_set_dataValue(coerceDataValue(dataValue), null);
+                }
+                callback(err, this.$dataValue);
+            });
+        } catch (err) {
+            errorLog("-------------- refresh call failed 2", this.browseName.toString(), this.nodeId.toString());
+            errorLog(err);
+            const dataValue = new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadInternalError });
+            this._internal_set_dataValue(dataValue, null);
+            callback(err as Error, this.$dataValue);
         }
+    }
 
-        public writeEnumValue(value: string | number): void {
-            const enumInfo = this._getEnumerationInfo();
+    public readEnumValue(): IEnumItem {
+        const value = this.readValue().value.value as number;
+        const enumInfo = this._getEnumerationInfo();
+        const enumV = enumInfo.valueIndex[value];
+        return { value, name: enumV ? enumV.name : "?????" };
+    }
 
-            if (typeof value === "string") {
-                if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(enumInfo.nameIndex, value)) {
-                    const possibleValues = Object.keys(enumInfo.nameIndex).join(",");
-                    throw new Error("UAVariable#writeEnumValue: cannot find value " + value + " in [" + possibleValues + "]");
-                }
-                const valueIndex = enumInfo.nameIndex[value].value;
-                value = valueIndex;
-            }
-            if (isFinite(value)) {
+    public writeEnumValue(value: string | number): void {
+        const enumInfo = this._getEnumerationInfo();
+
+        if (typeof value === "string") {
+            if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(enumInfo.nameIndex, value)) {
                 const possibleValues = Object.keys(enumInfo.nameIndex).join(",");
+                throw new Error("UAVariable#writeEnumValue: cannot find value " + value + " in [" + possibleValues + "]");
+            }
+            const valueIndex = enumInfo.nameIndex[value].value;
+            value = valueIndex;
+        }
+        if (isFinite(value)) {
+            const possibleValues = Object.keys(enumInfo.nameIndex).join(",");
 
-                if (!enumInfo.valueIndex[value]) {
-                    throw new Error("UAVariable#writeEnumValue : value out of range " + value + " in [" + possibleValues + "]");
-                }
-                this.setValueFromSource({
-                    dataType: DataType.Int32,
-                    value
-                });
-            } else {
-                throw new Error("UAVariable#writeEnumValue:  value type mismatch");
+            if (!enumInfo.valueIndex[value]) {
+                throw new Error("UAVariable#writeEnumValue : value out of range " + value + " in [" + possibleValues + "]");
             }
+            this.setValueFromSource({
+                dataType: DataType.Int32,
+                value
+            });
+        } else {
+            throw new Error("UAVariable#writeEnumValue:  value type mismatch");
         }
+    }
 
-        public readAttribute(
-            context: ISessionContext | null,
-            attributeId: AttributeIds,
-            indexRange?: NumericRange,
-            dataEncoding?: QualifiedNameLike | null
-        ): DataValue {
-            context = context || SessionContext.defaultContext;
-            assert(context instanceof SessionContext);
+    public readAttribute(
+        context: ISessionContext | null,
+        attributeId: AttributeIds,
+        indexRange?: NumericRange,
+        dataEncoding?: QualifiedNameLike | null
+    ): DataValue {
+        context = context || SessionContext.defaultContext;
+        assert(context instanceof SessionContext);
 
-            const options: DataValueLike = {};
+        const options: DataValueLike = {};
 
-            if (attributeId !== AttributeIds.Value) {
-                if (indexRange && indexRange.isDefined()) {
-                    options.statusCode = StatusCodes.BadIndexRangeNoData;
-                    return new DataValue(options);
-                }
-                if (isDataEncoding(dataEncoding)) {
-                    options.statusCode = StatusCodes.BadDataEncodingInvalid;
-                    return new DataValue(options);
-                }
+        if (attributeId !== AttributeIds.Value) {
+            if (indexRange && indexRange.isDefined()) {
+                options.statusCode = StatusCodes.BadIndexRangeNoData;
+                return new DataValue(options);
+            }
+            if (isDataEncoding(dataEncoding)) {
+                options.statusCode = StatusCodes.BadDataEncodingInvalid;
+                return new DataValue(options);
             }
+        }
 
-            switch (attributeId) {
-                case AttributeIds.Value:
-                    return this.readValue(context, indexRange, dataEncoding);
+        switch (attributeId) {
+            case AttributeIds.Value:
+                return this.readValue(context, indexRange, dataEncoding);
 
-                case AttributeIds.DataType:
-                    return this._readDataType();
+            case AttributeIds.DataType:
+                return this._readDataType();
 
-                case AttributeIds.ValueRank:
-                    return this._readValueRank();
+            case AttributeIds.ValueRank:
+                return this._readValueRank();
 
-                case AttributeIds.ArrayDimensions:
-                    return this._readArrayDimensions();
+            case AttributeIds.ArrayDimensions:
+                return this._readArrayDimensions();
 
-                case AttributeIds.AccessLevel:
-                    return this._readAccessLevel(context);
+            case AttributeIds.AccessLevel:
+                return this._readAccessLevel(context);
 
-                case AttributeIds.UserAccessLevel:
-                    return this._readUserAccessLevel(context);
+            case AttributeIds.UserAccessLevel:
+                return this._readUserAccessLevel(context);
 
-                case AttributeIds.MinimumSamplingInterval:
-                    return this._readMinimumSamplingInterval();
+            case AttributeIds.MinimumSamplingInterval:
+                return this._readMinimumSamplingInterval();
 
-                case AttributeIds.Historizing:
-                    return this._readHistorizing();
+            case AttributeIds.Historizing:
+                return this._readHistorizing();
 
-                case AttributeIds.AccessLevelEx:
-                    return this._readAccessLevelEx(context);
-                default:
-                    return BaseNodeImpl.prototype.readAttribute.call(this, context, attributeId);
-            }
+            case AttributeIds.AccessLevelEx:
+                return this._readAccessLevelEx(context);
+            default:
+                return BaseNodeImpl.prototype.readAttribute.call(this, context, attributeId);
         }
+    }
 
-        public getBasicDataType(): DataType {
-            if (this._basicDataType) {
-                return this._basicDataType;
-            }
-            if (this.dataType.namespace === 0 && this.dataType.value === 0) {
-                return DataType.Null;
-            }
-            const addressSpace = this.addressSpace;
-            if (!addressSpace) {
-                // may be node has been deleted already
-                return DataType.Null;
-            }
-            const dataTypeNode = addressSpace.findDataType(this.dataType)!;
-            const basicDataType =
-                dataTypeNode && dataTypeNode.nodeClass === NodeClass.DataType ? dataTypeNode.getBasicDataType() : DataType.Null;
-            // const basicDataType = addressSpace.findCorrespondingBasicDataType(this.dataType);
-            this._basicDataType = basicDataType;
-            return basicDataType;
+    public getBasicDataType(): DataType {
+        if (this._basicDataType) {
+            return this._basicDataType;
         }
-        public adjustVariant(variant: Variant): Variant {
-            return adjustVariant(variant, this.valueRank, this.getBasicDataType());
+        if (this.dataType.namespace === 0 && this.dataType.value === 0) {
+            return DataType.Null;
         }
-        public verifyVariantCompatibility(variant: Variant): void {
-            try {
-                // istanbul ignore next
-                if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(variant, "value")) {
-                    if (variant.dataType === null || variant.dataType === undefined) {
-                        throw new Error(
-                            "Variant must provide a valid dataType : variant = " +
-                            variant.toString() +
-                            " this.dataType= " +
-                            this.dataType.toString()
-                        );
-                    }
-                    if (
-                        variant.dataType === DataType.Boolean &&
-                        (this.dataType.namespace !== 0 || this.dataType.value !== DataType.Boolean)
-                    ) {
-                        throw new Error(
-                            "Variant must provide a valid Boolean : variant = " +
-                            variant.toString() +
-                            " this.dataType= " +
-                            this.dataType.toString()
-                        );
-                    }
-                    if (
-                        this.dataType.namespace === 0 &&
-                        this.dataType.value === DataType.LocalizedText &&
-                        variant.dataType !== DataType.LocalizedText &&
-                        variant.dataType !== DataType.Null
-                    ) {
-                        throw new Error(
-                            "Variant must provide a valid LocalizedText : variant = " +
-                            variant.toString() +
-                            " this.dataType= " +
-                            this.dataType.toString()
-                        );
-                    }
-                }
-                const basicType = this.getBasicDataType();
-
-                if (basicType === DataType.String && variant.dataType === DataType.ByteString) {
-                    return; // this is allowed
+        const addressSpace = this.addressSpace;
+        if (!addressSpace) {
+            // may be node has been deleted already
+            return DataType.Null;
+        }
+        const dataTypeNode = addressSpace.findDataType(this.dataType)!;
+        const basicDataType =
+            dataTypeNode && dataTypeNode.nodeClass === NodeClass.DataType ? dataTypeNode.getBasicDataType() : DataType.Null;
+        // const basicDataType = addressSpace.findCorrespondingBasicDataType(this.dataType);
+        this._basicDataType = basicDataType;
+        return basicDataType;
+    }
+    public adjustVariant(variant: Variant): Variant {
+        return adjustVariant(variant, this.valueRank, this.getBasicDataType());
+    }
+    public verifyVariantCompatibility(variant: Variant): void {
+        try {
+            // istanbul ignore next
+            if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(variant, "value")) {
+                if (variant.dataType === null || variant.dataType === undefined) {
+                    throw new Error(
+                        "Variant must provide a valid dataType : variant = " +
+                        variant.toString() +
+                        " this.dataType= " +
+                        this.dataType.toString()
+                    );
                 }
-                if (basicType === DataType.ByteString && variant.dataType === DataType.String) {
-                    return; // this is allowed
+                if (
+                    variant.dataType === DataType.Boolean &&
+                    (this.dataType.namespace !== 0 || this.dataType.value !== DataType.Boolean)
+                ) {
+                    throw new Error(
+                        "Variant must provide a valid Boolean : variant = " +
+                        variant.toString() +
+                        " this.dataType= " +
+                        this.dataType.toString()
+                    );
                 }
-
                 if (
-                    basicType !== DataType.Null &&
-                    basicType !== DataType.Variant &&
-                    variant.dataType !== DataType.Null &&
-                    variant.dataType !== basicType
+                    this.dataType.namespace === 0 &&
+                    this.dataType.value === DataType.LocalizedText &&
+                    variant.dataType !== DataType.LocalizedText &&
+                    variant.dataType !== DataType.Null
                 ) {
-                    const message =
-                        "UAVariable.setValueFromSource " +
-                        this.browseName.toString() +
-                        " nodeId:" +
-                        this.nodeId.toString() +
-                        " dataType:" +
-                        this.dataType.toString() +
-                        ":\n" +
-                        "the provided variant must have the expected dataType!\n" +
-                        "   - the expected dataType is " +
-                        chalk.cyan(DataType[basicType]) +
-                        "\n" +
-                        "   - the actual dataType   is " +
-                        chalk.magenta(DataType[variant.dataType]) +
-                        "\n" +
-                        "   - " +
-                        variant.toString();
-                    throw new Error(message);
+                    throw new Error(
+                        "Variant must provide a valid LocalizedText : variant = " +
+                        variant.toString() +
+                        " this.dataType= " +
+                        this.dataType.toString()
+                    );
                 }
-            } catch (err) {
-                errorLog("UAVariable  ", (err as Error)?.message, this.browseName.toString(), " nodeId=", this.nodeId.toString());
-                errorLog((err as Error).message);
-                errorLog((err as Error).stack);
-                throw err;
             }
-        }
-        /**
-         * setValueFromSource is used to let the device sets the variable values
-         * this method also records the current time as sourceTimestamp and serverTimestamp.
-    .     *
-        * The method will raise an exception if the value is not compatible with the dataType and expected dimension
-        *
-        * @method setValueFromSource
-        * @param variant  {Variant}
-        * @param [statusCode  {StatusCode} = StatusCodes.Good]
-        * @param [sourceTimestamp= Now]
-        */
-        public setValueFromSource(variant: VariantLike, statusCode?: StatusCode, sourceTimestamp?: Date): void {
-            try {
-                statusCode = statusCode || StatusCodes.Good;
-                const variant1 = Variant.coerce(variant);
-                this.verifyVariantCompatibility(variant1);
-                const now = coerceClock(sourceTimestamp, 0);
-
-                const dataValue = new DataValue(null);
-                dataValue.serverPicoseconds = now.picoseconds;
-                dataValue.serverTimestamp = now.timestamp;
-                dataValue.sourcePicoseconds = now.picoseconds;
-                dataValue.sourceTimestamp = now.timestamp;
-                dataValue.statusCode = statusCode;
-                dataValue.value = variant1;
-
-                if (dataValue.value.dataType === DataType.ExtensionObject) {
-                    const valueIsCorrect = this.checkExtensionObjectIsCorrect(dataValue.value.value);
-                    if (!valueIsCorrect) {
-                        errorLog("setValueFromSource Invalid value !");
-                        errorLog(this.toString());
-                        errorLog(dataValue.toString());
-                        this.checkExtensionObjectIsCorrect(dataValue.value.value);
-                    }
-                    // ----------------------------------
-                    if (this.$extensionObject || this.$$extensionObjectArray) {
-                        // we have an extension object already bound to this node
-                        // the client is asking us to replace the object entierly by a new one
-                        // const ext = dataValue.value.value;
-                        this._internal_set_dataValue(dataValue);
-                        return;
-                    } else {
-                        this.$dataValue = dataValue;
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    this._internal_set_dataValue(dataValue);
-                }
-            } catch (err) {
-                errorLog("UAVariable#setValueFromString Error : ", this.browseName.toString(), this.nodeId.toString());
-                errorLog((err as Error).message);
-                errorLog(this.parent?.toString());
-                throw err;
+            const basicType = this.getBasicDataType();
+
+            if (basicType === DataType.String && variant.dataType === DataType.ByteString) {
+                return; // this is allowed
             }
+            if (basicType === DataType.ByteString && variant.dataType === DataType.String) {
+                return; // this is allowed
+            }
+
+            if (
+                basicType !== DataType.Null &&
+                basicType !== DataType.Variant &&
+                variant.dataType !== DataType.Null &&
+                variant.dataType !== basicType
+            ) {
+                const message =
+                    "UAVariable.setValueFromSource " +
+                    this.browseName.toString() +
+                    " nodeId:" +
+                    this.nodeId.toString() +
+                    " dataType:" +
+                    this.dataType.toString() +
+                    ":\n" +
+                    "the provided variant must have the expected dataType!\n" +
+                    "   - the expected dataType is " +
+                    chalk.cyan(DataType[basicType]) +
+                    "\n" +
+                    "   - the actual dataType   is " +
+                    chalk.magenta(DataType[variant.dataType]) +
+                    "\n" +
+                    "   - " +
+                    variant.toString();
+                throw new Error(message);
+            }
+        } catch (err) {
+            errorLog("UAVariable  ", (err as Error)?.message, this.browseName.toString(), " nodeId=", this.nodeId.toString());
+            errorLog((err as Error).message);
+            errorLog((err as Error).stack);
+            throw err;
         }
+    }
+    /**
+     * setValueFromSource is used to let the device sets the variable values
+     * this method also records the current time as sourceTimestamp and serverTimestamp.
+.     *
+    * The method will raise an exception if the value is not compatible with the dataType and expected dimension
+    *
+    * @method setValueFromSource
+    * @param variant  {Variant}
+    * @param [statusCode  {StatusCode} = StatusCodes.Good]
+    * @param [sourceTimestamp= Now]
+    */
+    public setValueFromSource(variant: VariantLike, statusCode?: StatusCode, sourceTimestamp?: Date): void {
+        try {
+            statusCode = statusCode || StatusCodes.Good;
+            const variant1 = Variant.coerce(variant);
+            this.verifyVariantCompatibility(variant1);
+            const now = coerceClock(sourceTimestamp, 0);
+
+            const dataValue = new DataValue(null);
+            dataValue.serverPicoseconds = now.picoseconds;
+            dataValue.serverTimestamp = now.timestamp;
+            dataValue.sourcePicoseconds = now.picoseconds;
+            dataValue.sourceTimestamp = now.timestamp;
+            dataValue.statusCode = statusCode;
+            dataValue.value = variant1;
 
-        public writeValue(
-            context: ISessionContext,
-            dataValue: DataValue,
-            indexRange: string | NumericRange | null,
-            callback: StatusCodeCallback
-        ): void;
-        public writeValue(context: ISessionContext, dataValue: DataValue, callback: StatusCodeCallback): void;
-        public writeValue(
-            context: ISessionContext,
-            dataValue: DataValue,
-            indexRange?: string | NumericRange | null
-        ): Promise<StatusCode>;
-        public writeValue(context: ISessionContext, dataValue: DataValue, ...args: any[]): any {
-            context = context || SessionContext.defaultContext;
-            assert(context instanceof SessionContext);
-
-            if (!dataValue.sourceTimestamp) {
-                // source timestamp was not specified by the caller
-                // we will set the timestamp ourself with the current clock
-                if (context.currentTime) {
-                    dataValue.sourceTimestamp = context.currentTime.timestamp;
-                    dataValue.sourcePicoseconds = context.currentTime.picoseconds;
+            if (dataValue.value.dataType === DataType.ExtensionObject) {
+                const valueIsCorrect = this.checkExtensionObjectIsCorrect(dataValue.value.value);
+                if (!valueIsCorrect) {
+                    errorLog("setValueFromSource Invalid value !");
+                    errorLog(this.toString());
+                    errorLog(dataValue.toString());
+                    this.checkExtensionObjectIsCorrect(dataValue.value.value);
+                }
+                // ----------------------------------
+                if (this.$extensionObject || this.$$extensionObjectArray) {
+                    // we have an extension object already bound to this node
+                    // the client is asking us to replace the object entierly by a new one
+                    // const ext = dataValue.value.value;
+                    this._internal_set_dataValue(dataValue);
+                    return;
                 } else {
-                    const { timestamp, picoseconds } = getCurrentClock();
-                    dataValue.sourceTimestamp = timestamp;
-                    dataValue.sourcePicoseconds = picoseconds;
+                    this.$dataValue = dataValue;
                 }
+            } else {
+                this._internal_set_dataValue(dataValue);
             }
+        } catch (err) {
+            errorLog("UAVariable#setValueFromString Error : ", this.browseName.toString(), this.nodeId.toString());
+            errorLog((err as Error).message);
+            errorLog(this.parent?.toString());
+            throw err;
+        }
+    }
 
-            if (context.currentTime && !dataValue.serverTimestamp) {
-                dataValue.serverTimestamp = context.currentTime.timestamp;
-                dataValue.serverPicoseconds = context.currentTime.picoseconds;
-            }
+    public writeValue(
+        context: ISessionContext,
+        dataValue: DataValue,
+        indexRange: string | NumericRange | null,
+        callback: StatusCodeCallback
+    ): void;
+    public writeValue(context: ISessionContext, dataValue: DataValue, callback: StatusCodeCallback): void;
+    public writeValue(
+        context: ISessionContext,
+        dataValue: DataValue,
+        indexRange?: string | NumericRange | null
+    ): Promise<StatusCode>;
+    public writeValue(context: ISessionContext, dataValue: DataValue, ...args: any[]): any {
+        context = context || SessionContext.defaultContext;
+        assert(context instanceof SessionContext);
 
-            // adjust arguments if optional indexRange Parameter is not given
-            let indexRange: NumericRange | null = null;
-            let callback: StatusCodeCallback;
-            if (args.length === 1) {
-                indexRange = new NumericRange();
-                callback = args[0];
-            } else if (args.length === 2) {
-                indexRange = args[0];
-                callback = args[1];
+        if (!dataValue.sourceTimestamp) {
+            // source timestamp was not specified by the caller
+            // we will set the timestamp ourself with the current clock
+            if (context.currentTime) {
+                dataValue.sourceTimestamp = context.currentTime.timestamp;
+                dataValue.sourcePicoseconds = context.currentTime.picoseconds;
             } else {
-                throw new Error("Invalid Number of args");
+                const { timestamp, picoseconds } = getCurrentClock();
+                dataValue.sourceTimestamp = timestamp;
+                dataValue.sourcePicoseconds = picoseconds;
             }
+        }
 
-            assert(typeof callback === "function");
-            assert(dataValue instanceof DataValue);
-            // index range could be string
-            indexRange = NumericRange.coerce(indexRange);
+        if (context.currentTime && !dataValue.serverTimestamp) {
+            dataValue.serverTimestamp = context.currentTime.timestamp;
+            dataValue.serverPicoseconds = context.currentTime.picoseconds;
+        }
 
-            // test write permission
-            if (!this.isWritable(context)) {
-                return callback!(null, StatusCodes.BadNotWritable);
-            }
-            if (!this.checkPermissionPrivate(context, PermissionType.Write)) {
-                return new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadUserAccessDenied });
-            }
+        // adjust arguments if optional indexRange Parameter is not given
+        let indexRange: NumericRange | null = null;
+        let callback: StatusCodeCallback;
+        if (args.length === 1) {
+            indexRange = new NumericRange();
+            callback = args[0];
+        } else if (args.length === 2) {
+            indexRange = args[0];
+            callback = args[1];
+        } else {
+            throw new Error("Invalid Number of args");
+        }
 
+        assert(typeof callback === "function");
+        assert(dataValue instanceof DataValue);
+        // index range could be string
+        indexRange = NumericRange.coerce(indexRange);
 
-            if (!this.isUserWritable(context)) {
-                return callback!(null, StatusCodes.BadWriteNotSupported);
-            }
+        // test write permission
+        if (!this.isWritable(context)) {
+            return callback!(null, StatusCodes.BadNotWritable);
+        }
+        if (!this.checkPermissionPrivate(context, PermissionType.Write)) {
+            return new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadUserAccessDenied });
+        }
 
-            // adjust special case
-            const variant = adjustVariant2.call(this, dataValue.value);
 
-            const statusCode = this.checkVariantCompatibility(variant);
-            if (statusCode.isNot(StatusCodes.Good)) {
-                return callback!(null, statusCode);
-            }
+        if (!this.isUserWritable(context)) {
+            return callback!(null, StatusCodes.BadWriteNotSupported);
+        }
 
-            const write_func = this._timestamped_set_func || default_func;
+        // adjust special case
+        const variant = adjustVariant2.call(this, dataValue.value);
 
-            if (!write_func) {
-                warningLog(" warning " + this.nodeId.toString() + " " + this.browseName.toString() + " has no setter. \n");
-                warningLog("Please make sure to bind the variable or to pass a valid value: new Variant({}) during construction time");
-                return callback!(null, StatusCodes.BadNotWritable);
-            }
-            assert(write_func);
+        const statusCode = this.checkVariantCompatibility(variant);
+        if (statusCode.isNot(StatusCodes.Good)) {
+            return callback!(null, statusCode);
+        }
+
+        const write_func = this._timestamped_set_func || default_func;
+
+        if (!write_func) {
+            warningLog(" warning " + this.nodeId.toString() + " " + this.browseName.toString() + " has no setter. \n");
+            warningLog("Please make sure to bind the variable or to pass a valid value: new Variant({}) during construction time");
+            return callback!(null, StatusCodes.BadNotWritable);
+        }
+        assert(write_func);
 
-            write_func.call(this, dataValue, (err?: Error | null, statusCode1?: StatusCode) => {
-                if (!err) {
-                    dataValue && this.verifyVariantCompatibility(dataValue.value);
+        write_func.call(this, dataValue, (err?: Error | null, statusCode1?: StatusCode) => {
+            if (!err) {
+                dataValue && this.verifyVariantCompatibility(dataValue.value);
 
-                    if (indexRange && !indexRange.isEmpty()) {
-                        if (!indexRange.isValid()) {
-                            return callback!(null, StatusCodes.BadIndexRangeInvalid);
+                if (indexRange && !indexRange.isEmpty()) {
+                    if (!indexRange.isValid()) {
+                        return callback!(null, StatusCodes.BadIndexRangeInvalid);
+                    }
+
+                    const newArrayOrMatrix = dataValue.value.value;
+
+                    if (dataValue.value.arrayType === VariantArrayType.Array) {
+                        if (this.$dataValue.value.arrayType !== VariantArrayType.Array) {
+                            return callback(null, StatusCodes.BadTypeMismatch);
                         }
+                        // check that destination data is also an array
+                        assert(check_valid_array(this.$dataValue.value.dataType, this.$dataValue.value.value));
+                        const destArr = this.$dataValue.value.value;
+                        const result = indexRange.set_values(destArr, newArrayOrMatrix);
 
-                        const newArrayOrMatrix = dataValue.value.value;
-
-                        if (dataValue.value.arrayType === VariantArrayType.Array) {
-                            if (this.$dataValue.value.arrayType !== VariantArrayType.Array) {
-                                return callback(null, StatusCodes.BadTypeMismatch);
-                            }
-                            // check that destination data is also an array
-                            assert(check_valid_array(this.$dataValue.value.dataType, this.$dataValue.value.value));
-                            const destArr = this.$dataValue.value.value;
-                            const result = indexRange.set_values(destArr, newArrayOrMatrix);
-
-                            if (result.statusCode.isNot(StatusCodes.Good)) {
-                                return callback!(null, result.statusCode);
-                            }
-                            dataValue.value.value = result.array;
-
-                            // scrap original array so we detect range
-                            this.$dataValue.value.value = null;
-                        } else if (dataValue.value.arrayType === VariantArrayType.Matrix) {
-                            const dimensions = this.$dataValue.value.dimensions;
-                            if (this.$dataValue.value.arrayType !== VariantArrayType.Matrix || !dimensions) {
-                                // not a matrix !
-                                return callback!(null, StatusCodes.BadTypeMismatch);
-                            }
-                            const matrix = this.$dataValue.value.value;
-                            const result = indexRange.set_values_matrix(
-                                {
-                                    matrix,
-                                    dimensions
-                                },
-                                newArrayOrMatrix
-                            );
-                            if (result.statusCode.isNot(StatusCodes.Good)) {
-                                return callback!(null, result.statusCode);
-                            }
-                            dataValue.value.dimensions = this.$dataValue.value.dimensions;
-                            dataValue.value.value = result.matrix;
-
-                            // scrap original array so we detect range
-                            this.$dataValue.value.value = null;
-                        } else {
+                        if (result.statusCode.isNot(StatusCodes.Good)) {
+                            return callback!(null, result.statusCode);
+                        }
+                        dataValue.value.value = result.array;
+
+                        // scrap original array so we detect range
+                        this.$dataValue.value.value = null;
+                    } else if (dataValue.value.arrayType === VariantArrayType.Matrix) {
+                        const dimensions = this.$dataValue.value.dimensions;
+                        if (this.$dataValue.value.arrayType !== VariantArrayType.Matrix || !dimensions) {
+                            // not a matrix !
                             return callback!(null, StatusCodes.BadTypeMismatch);
                         }
-                    }
-                    try {
-                        this._internal_set_dataValue(dataValue, indexRange);
-                    } catch (err) {
-                        if (err instanceof Error) {
-                            warningLog(err.message);
+                        const matrix = this.$dataValue.value.value;
+                        const result = indexRange.set_values_matrix(
+                            {
+                                matrix,
+                                dimensions
+                            },
+                            newArrayOrMatrix
+                        );
+                        if (result.statusCode.isNot(StatusCodes.Good)) {
+                            return callback!(null, result.statusCode);
                         }
-                        return callback!(null, StatusCodes.BadInternalError);
+                        dataValue.value.dimensions = this.$dataValue.value.dimensions;
+                        dataValue.value.value = result.matrix;
+
+                        // scrap original array so we detect range
+                        this.$dataValue.value.value = null;
+                    } else {
+                        return callback!(null, StatusCodes.BadTypeMismatch);
                     }
                 }
-                callback!(err || null, statusCode1);
-            });
+                try {
+                    this._internal_set_dataValue(dataValue, indexRange);
+                } catch (err) {
+                    if (err instanceof Error) {
+                        warningLog(err.message);
+                    }
+                    return callback!(null, StatusCodes.BadInternalError);
+                }
+            }
+            callback!(err || null, statusCode1);
+        });
+    }
+
+    public writeAttribute(context: ISessionContext | null, writeValue: WriteValueOptions, callback: StatusCodeCallback): void;
+    public writeAttribute(context: ISessionContext | null, writeValue: WriteValueOptions): Promise<StatusCode>;
+    public writeAttribute(
+        context: ISessionContext | null,
+        writeValueOptions: WriteValueOptions,
+        callback?: (err: Error | null, statusCode?: StatusCode) => void
+    ): any {
+        // istanbul ignore next
+        if (!callback) {
+            throw new Error("Internal error");
+        }
+
+        if (!this.canUserWriteAttribute(context, writeValueOptions.attributeId!)) {
+            return callback(null, StatusCodes.BadUserAccessDenied);
+        }
+        const writeValue: WriteValue =
+            writeValueOptions instanceof WriteValue ? (writeValueOptions as WriteValue) : new WriteValue(writeValueOptions);
+
+        context = context || SessionContext.defaultContext;
+
+        assert(context instanceof SessionContext);
+        assert(writeValue instanceof WriteValue);
+        assert(writeValue.value instanceof DataValue);
+        assert(writeValue.value!.value instanceof Variant);
+        assert(typeof callback === "function");
+
+        // Spec 1.0.2 Part 4 page 58
+        // If the SourceTimestamp or the ServerTimestamp is specified, the Server shall
+        // use these values.
+
+        // xx _apply_default_timestamps(writeValue.value);
+
+        switch (writeValue.attributeId) {
+            case AttributeIds.Value:
+                this.writeValue(context, writeValue.value!, writeValue.indexRange!, callback);
+                break;
+            case AttributeIds.Historizing:
+                if (writeValue.value!.value.dataType !== DataType.Boolean) {
+                    return callback(null, StatusCodes.BadTypeMismatch);
+                }
+                if (!this.checkPermissionPrivate(context, PermissionType.WriteHistorizing)) {
+                    return callback(null, StatusCodes.BadUserAccessDenied);
+                }
+
+                if (!this.canUserWriteHistorizingAttribute(context)) {
+                    return callback(null, StatusCodes.BadHistoryOperationUnsupported);
+                }
+
+                // if the variable has no historizing in place reject
+                if (!this.getChildByName("HA Configuration")) {
+                    return callback(null, StatusCodes.BadNotSupported);
+                }
+                // check if user is allowed to do that !
+                // TODO
+                this.historizing = !!writeValue.value!.value.value; // yes ! indeed !
+                return callback(null, StatusCodes.Good);
+
+            default:
+                super.writeAttribute(context, writeValue, callback);
+                break;
         }
+    }
 
-        public writeAttribute(context: ISessionContext | null, writeValue: WriteValueOptions, callback: StatusCodeCallback): void;
-        public writeAttribute(context: ISessionContext | null, writeValue: WriteValueOptions): Promise<StatusCode>;
-        public writeAttribute(
-            context: ISessionContext | null,
-            writeValueOptions: WriteValueOptions,
-            callback?: (err: Error | null, statusCode?: StatusCode) => void
-        ): any {
-            // istanbul ignore next
-            if (!callback) {
-                throw new Error("Internal error");
-            }
+    /**
+     * @method checkVariantCompatibility
+     * note:
+     *     this method is overridden in address-space-data-access
+     * @return {StatusCode}
+     */
+    public checkVariantCompatibility(value: Variant): StatusCode {
+        // test dataType
+        if (!this._validate_DataType(value.dataType)) {
+            return StatusCodes.BadTypeMismatch;
+        }
+        try {
+            this.verifyVariantCompatibility(value);
+        } catch (err) {
+            return StatusCodes.BadTypeMismatch;
+        }
+        return StatusCodes.Good;
+    }
 
-            if (!this.canUserWriteAttribute(context, writeValueOptions.attributeId!)) {
-                return callback(null, StatusCodes.BadUserAccessDenied);
-            }
-            const writeValue: WriteValue =
-                writeValueOptions instanceof WriteValue ? (writeValueOptions as WriteValue) : new WriteValue(writeValueOptions);
-
-            context = context || SessionContext.defaultContext;
-
-            assert(context instanceof SessionContext);
-            assert(writeValue instanceof WriteValue);
-            assert(writeValue.value instanceof DataValue);
-            assert(writeValue.value!.value instanceof Variant);
-            assert(typeof callback === "function");
-
-            // Spec 1.0.2 Part 4 page 58
-            // If the SourceTimestamp or the ServerTimestamp is specified, the Server shall
-            // use these values.
-
-            // xx _apply_default_timestamps(writeValue.value);
-
-            switch (writeValue.attributeId) {
-                case AttributeIds.Value:
-                    this.writeValue(context, writeValue.value!, writeValue.indexRange!, callback);
-                    break;
-                case AttributeIds.Historizing:
-                    if (writeValue.value!.value.dataType !== DataType.Boolean) {
-                        return callback(null, StatusCodes.BadTypeMismatch);
-                    }
-                    if (!this.checkPermissionPrivate(context, PermissionType.WriteHistorizing)) {
-                        return callback(null, StatusCodes.BadUserAccessDenied);
-                    }
+    /**
+     * touch the source timestamp of a Variable and cascade up the change
+     * to the parent variable if any.
+     */
+    public touchValue(optionalNow?: PreciseClock): void {
+        const now = optionalNow || getCurrentClock();
+        propagateTouchValueUpward(this, now);
+    }
 
-                    if (!this.canUserWriteHistorizingAttribute(context)) {
-                        return callback(null, StatusCodes.BadHistoryOperationUnsupported);
-                    }
+    /**
+     * bind a variable with a get and set functions.
+     *
+     *  properties:
+     *    - value: a Variant or a status code
+     *    - sourceTimestamp
+     *    - sourcePicoseconds
+     * @param [options.timestamped_set]
+     * @param [options.refreshFunc]      the variable asynchronous getter function.
+     * @param [overwrite {Boolean} = false] set overwrite to true to overwrite existing binding
+     * @return void
+     *
+     *
+     * ### Providing read access to the underlying value
+     *
+     * #### Variation 1
+     *
+     * In this variation, the user provides a function that returns a Variant with the current value.
+     *
+     * The sourceTimestamp will be set automatically.
+     *
+     * The get function is called synchronously.
+     *
+     * @example
+     *
+     *
+     * ```javascript
+     *     ...
+     *     var options =  {
+     *       get : () => {
+     *          return new Variant({...});
+     *       },
+     *       set : function(variant) {
+     *          // store the variant somewhere
+     *          return StatusCodes.Good;
+     *       }
+     *    };
+     *    ...
+     *    engine.bindVariable(nodeId,options):
+     *    ...
+     * ```
+     *
+     *
+     * #### Variation 2:
+     *
+     * This variation can be used when the user wants to specify a specific '''sourceTimestamp''' associated
+     * with the current value of the UAVariable.
+     *
+     * The provided ```timestamped_get``` function should return an object with three properties:
+     * * value: containing the variant value or a error StatusCode,
+     * * sourceTimestamp
+     * * sourcePicoseconds
+     *
+     * ```javascript
+     * ...
+     * var myDataValue = new DataValue({
+     *   value: {dataType: DataType.Double , value: 10.0},
+     *   sourceTimestamp : new Date(),
+     *   sourcePicoseconds: 0
+     * });
+     * ...
+     * var options =  {
+     *   timestamped_get : () => { return myDataValue;  }
+     * };
+     * ...
+     * engine.bindVariable(nodeId,options):
+     * ...
+     * // record a new value
+     * myDataValue.value.value = 5.0;
+     * myDataValue.sourceTimestamp = new Date();
+     * ...
+     * ```
+     *
+     *
+     * #### Variation 3:
+     *
+     * This variation can be used when the value associated with the variables requires a asynchronous function call to be
+     * extracted. In this case, the user should provide an async method ```refreshFunc```.
+     *
+     *
+     * The ```refreshFunc``` shall do whatever is necessary to fetch the most up to date version of the variable value, and
+     * call the ```callback``` function when the data is ready.
+     *
+     *
+     * The ```callback``` function follow the standard callback function signature:
+     * * the first argument shall be **null** or **Error**, depending of the outcome of the fetch operation,
+     * * the second argument shall be a DataValue with the new UAVariable Value,  a StatusCode, and time stamps.
+     *
+     *
+     * Optionally, it is possible to pass a sourceTimestamp and a sourcePicoseconds value as a third and fourth arguments
+     * of the callback. When sourceTimestamp and sourcePicoseconds are missing, the system will set their default value
+     * to the current time..
+     *
+     *
+     * ```javascript
+     * ...
+     * var options =  {
+     *    refreshFunc : function(callback) {
+     *      ... do_some_async_stuff_to_get_the_new_variable_value
+     *      var dataValue = new DataValue({
+     *          value: new Variant({...}),
+     *          statusCode: StatusCodes.Good,
+     *          sourceTimestamp: new Date()
+     *      });
+     *      callback(null,dataValue);
+     *    }
+     * };
+     * ...
+     * variable.bindVariable(nodeId,options):
+     * ...
+     * ```
+     *
+     * ### Providing write access to the underlying value
+     *
+     * #### Variation1 - provide a simple synchronous set function
+     *
+     *
+     * #### Notes
+     *   to do : explain return StatusCodes.GoodCompletesAsynchronously;
+     *
+     */
+    public bindVariable(options?: BindVariableOptions, overwrite?: boolean): void {
+        if (overwrite) {
+            this._timestamped_set_func = null;
+            this._timestamped_get_func = null;
+            this._get_func = null;
+            this._set_func = null;
+            this.refreshFunc = undefined;
+            this._historyRead = UAVariableImpl.prototype._historyRead;
+        }
 
-                    // if the variable has no historizing in place reject
-                    if (!this.getChildByName("HA Configuration")) {
-                        return callback(null, StatusCodes.BadNotSupported);
-                    }
-                    // check if user is allowed to do that !
-                    // TODO
-                    this.historizing = !!writeValue.value!.value.value; // yes ! indeed !
-                    return callback(null, StatusCodes.Good);
-
-                default:
-                    super.writeAttribute(context, writeValue, callback);
-                    break;
-            }
+        options = options || {};
+
+        assert(typeof this._timestamped_set_func !== "function", "UAVariable already bound");
+        assert(typeof this._timestamped_get_func !== "function", "UAVariable already bound");
+
+        bind_getter.call(this, options);
+        bind_setter.call(this, options);
+
+        const _historyRead = options.historyRead;
+        if (_historyRead) {
+            assert(typeof this._historyRead !== "function" || this._historyRead === UAVariableImpl.prototype._historyRead);
+            assert(typeof _historyRead === "function");
+
+            this._historyRead = _historyRead;
+            assert(this._historyRead.length === 6);
         }
+        // post conditions
+        assert(typeof this._timestamped_set_func === "function");
+        assert(this._timestamped_set_func!.length === 2, "expecting 2 parameters");
+    }
 
-        /**
-         * @method checkVariantCompatibility
-         * note:
-         *     this method is overridden in address-space-data-access
-         * @return {StatusCode}
-         */
-        public checkVariantCompatibility(value: Variant): StatusCode {
-            // test dataType
-            if (!this._validate_DataType(value.dataType)) {
-                return StatusCodes.BadTypeMismatch;
-            }
-            try {
-                this.verifyVariantCompatibility(value);
-            } catch (err) {
-                return StatusCodes.BadTypeMismatch;
-            }
-            return StatusCodes.Good;
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * touch the source timestamp of a Variable and cascade up the change
-         * to the parent variable if any.
-         */
-        public touchValue(optionalNow?: PreciseClock): void {
-            const now = optionalNow || getCurrentClock();
-            propagateTouchValueUpward(this, now);
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * bind a variable with a get and set functions.
-         *
-         *  properties:
-         *    - value: a Variant or a status code
-         *    - sourceTimestamp
-         *    - sourcePicoseconds
-         * @param [options.timestamped_set]
-         * @param [options.refreshFunc]      the variable asynchronous getter function.
-         * @param [overwrite {Boolean} = false] set overwrite to true to overwrite existing binding
-         * @return void
-         *
-         *
-         * ### Providing read access to the underlying value
-         *
-         * #### Variation 1
-         *
-         * In this variation, the user provides a function that returns a Variant with the current value.
-         *
-         * The sourceTimestamp will be set automatically.
-         *
-         * The get function is called synchronously.
-         *
-         * @example
-         *
-         *
-         * ```javascript
-         *     ...
-         *     var options =  {
-         *       get : () => {
-         *          return new Variant({...});
-         *       },
-         *       set : function(variant) {
-         *          // store the variant somewhere
-         *          return StatusCodes.Good;
-         *       }
-         *    };
-         *    ...
-         *    engine.bindVariable(nodeId,options):
-         *    ...
-         * ```
-         *
-         *
-         * #### Variation 2:
-         *
-         * This variation can be used when the user wants to specify a specific '''sourceTimestamp''' associated
-         * with the current value of the UAVariable.
-         *
-         * The provided ```timestamped_get``` function should return an object with three properties:
-         * * value: containing the variant value or a error StatusCode,
-         * * sourceTimestamp
-         * * sourcePicoseconds
-         *
-         * ```javascript
-         * ...
-         * var myDataValue = new DataValue({
-         *   value: {dataType: DataType.Double , value: 10.0},
-         *   sourceTimestamp : new Date(),
-         *   sourcePicoseconds: 0
-         * });
-         * ...
-         * var options =  {
-         *   timestamped_get : () => { return myDataValue;  }
-         * };
-         * ...
-         * engine.bindVariable(nodeId,options):
-         * ...
-         * // record a new value
-         * myDataValue.value.value = 5.0;
-         * myDataValue.sourceTimestamp = new Date();
-         * ...
-         * ```
-         *
-         *
-         * #### Variation 3:
-         *
-         * This variation can be used when the value associated with the variables requires a asynchronous function call to be
-         * extracted. In this case, the user should provide an async method ```refreshFunc```.
-         *
-         *
-         * The ```refreshFunc``` shall do whatever is necessary to fetch the most up to date version of the variable value, and
-         * call the ```callback``` function when the data is ready.
-         *
-         *
-         * The ```callback``` function follow the standard callback function signature:
-         * * the first argument shall be **null** or **Error**, depending of the outcome of the fetch operation,
-         * * the second argument shall be a DataValue with the new UAVariable Value,  a StatusCode, and time stamps.
-         *
-         *
-         * Optionally, it is possible to pass a sourceTimestamp and a sourcePicoseconds value as a third and fourth arguments
-         * of the callback. When sourceTimestamp and sourcePicoseconds are missing, the system will set their default value
-         * to the current time..
-         *
-         *
-         * ```javascript
-         * ...
-         * var options =  {
-         *    refreshFunc : function(callback) {
-         *      ... do_some_async_stuff_to_get_the_new_variable_value
-         *      var dataValue = new DataValue({
-         *          value: new Variant({...}),
-         *          statusCode: StatusCodes.Good,
-         *          sourceTimestamp: new Date()
-         *      });
-         *      callback(null,dataValue);
-         *    }
-         * };
-         * ...
-         * variable.bindVariable(nodeId,options):
-         * ...
-         * ```
-         *
-         * ### Providing write access to the underlying value
-         *
-         * #### Variation1 - provide a simple synchronous set function
-         *
-         *
-         * #### Notes
-         *   to do : explain return StatusCodes.GoodCompletesAsynchronously;
-         *
-         */
-        public bindVariable(options?: BindVariableOptions, overwrite?: boolean): void {
-            if (overwrite) {
-                this._timestamped_set_func = null;
-                this._timestamped_get_func = null;
-                this._get_func = null;
-                this._set_func = null;
-                this.refreshFunc = undefined;
-                this._historyRead = UAVariableImpl.prototype._historyRead;
-            }
+    /**
+     * @method readValueAsync
+     */
+    public readValueAsync(context: ISessionContext | null, callback: CallbackT<DataValue>): void;
+    public readValueAsync(context: ISessionContext | null): Promise<DataValue>;
+    public readValueAsync(context: ISessionContext | null, callback?: CallbackT<DataValue>): any {
 
-            options = options || {};
+        assert(typeof callback === "function");
 
-            assert(typeof this._timestamped_set_func !== "function", "UAVariable already bound");
-            assert(typeof this._timestamped_get_func !== "function", "UAVariable already bound");
+        context = context || SessionContext.defaultContext;
 
-            bind_getter.call(this, options);
-            bind_setter.call(this, options);
+        this.__waiting_callbacks = this.__waiting_callbacks || [];
+        this.__waiting_callbacks.push(callback);
 
-            const _historyRead = options.historyRead;
-            if (_historyRead) {
-                assert(typeof this._historyRead !== "function" || this._historyRead === UAVariableImpl.prototype._historyRead);
-                assert(typeof _historyRead === "function");
+        const _readValueAsync_in_progress = this.__waiting_callbacks.length >= 2;
+        if (_readValueAsync_in_progress) {
+            return;
+        }
 
-                this._historyRead = _historyRead;
-                assert(this._historyRead.length === 6);
-            }
-            // post conditions
-            assert(typeof this._timestamped_set_func === "function");
-            assert(this._timestamped_set_func!.length === 2, "expecting 2 parameters");
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * @method readValueAsync
-         */
-        public readValueAsync(context: ISessionContext | null, callback: CallbackT<DataValue>): void;
-        public readValueAsync(context: ISessionContext | null): Promise<DataValue>;
-        public readValueAsync(context: ISessionContext | null, callback?: CallbackT<DataValue>): any {
-            if (!context) {
-                context = SessionContext.defaultContext;
-            }
-            assert(typeof callback === "function");
+        if (this.isDisposed()) { return callback!(null, new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadNodeIdUnknown })); }
 
-            this.__waiting_callbacks = this.__waiting_callbacks || [];
-            this.__waiting_callbacks.push(callback);
+        const readImmediate = (innerCallback: (err: Error | null, dataValue: DataValue) => void) => {
+            assert(this.$dataValue instanceof DataValue);
+            const dataValue = this.readValue();
+            innerCallback(null, dataValue);
+        };
 
-            const _readValueAsync_in_progress = this.__waiting_callbacks.length >= 2;
-            if (_readValueAsync_in_progress) {
-                return;
-            }
+        let func: (innerCallback: (err: Error | null, dataValue: DataValue) => void) => void;
 
-            const readImmediate = (innerCallback: (err: Error | null, dataValue: DataValue) => void) => {
-                assert(this.$dataValue instanceof DataValue);
-                const dataValue = this.readValue();
+        if (!this.isReadable(context)) {
+            func = (innerCallback: (err: Error | null, dataValue: DataValue) => void) => {
+                const dataValue = new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadNotReadable });
                 innerCallback(null, dataValue);
             };
+        } else if (!this.checkPermissionPrivate(context, PermissionType.Read)) {
+            func = (innerCallback: (err: Error | null, dataValue: DataValue) => void) => {
+                const dataValue = new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadUserAccessDenied });
+                innerCallback(null, dataValue);
+            };
+        } else if (!this.isUserReadable(context)) {
+            func = (innerCallback: (err: Error | null, dataValue: DataValue) => void) => {
+                const dataValue = new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadNotReadable });
+                innerCallback(null, dataValue);
+            };
+        } else {
+            func = typeof this.refreshFunc === "function" ? this.asyncRefresh.bind(this, new Date()) : readImmediate;
+        }
 
-            let func: (innerCallback: (err: Error | null, dataValue: DataValue) => void) => void;
-
-            if (!this.isReadable(context)) {
-                func = (innerCallback: (err: Error | null, dataValue: DataValue) => void) => {
-                    const dataValue = new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadNotReadable });
-                    innerCallback(null, dataValue);
-                };
-            } else if (!this.checkPermissionPrivate(context, PermissionType.Read)) {
-                func = (innerCallback: (err: Error | null, dataValue: DataValue) => void) => {
-                    const dataValue = new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadUserAccessDenied });
-                    innerCallback(null, dataValue);
-                };
-            } else if (!this.isUserReadable(context)) {
-                func = (innerCallback: (err: Error | null, dataValue: DataValue) => void) => {
-                    const dataValue = new DataValue({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadNotReadable });
-                    innerCallback(null, dataValue);
-                };
-            } else {
-                func = typeof this.refreshFunc === "function" ? this.asyncRefresh.bind(this, new Date()) : readImmediate;
-            }
-
-            const satisfy_callbacks = (err: Error | null, dataValue?: DataValue) => {
-                // now call all pending callbacks
-                const callbacks = this.__waiting_callbacks || [];
-                this.__waiting_callbacks = [];
-                const n = callbacks.length;
-                for (const callback1 of callbacks) {
-                    callback1.call(this, err, dataValue);
+        const satisfy_callbacks = (err: Error | null, dataValue?: DataValue) => {
+            // now call all pending callbacks
+            const callbacks = this.__waiting_callbacks || [];
+            this.__waiting_callbacks = [];
+            const n = callbacks.length;
+            for (const callback1 of callbacks) {
+                callback1.call(this, err, dataValue);
 
-                }
-            };
+            }
+        };
 
-            try {
-                func.call(this, satisfy_callbacks);
-            } catch (err) {
-                // istanbul ignore next
-                if (doDebug) {
-                    debugLog(chalk.red("func readValueAsync has failed "));
-                    if (err instanceof Error) {
-                        debugLog(" stack", err.stack);
-                    }
+        try {
+            func.call(this, satisfy_callbacks);
+        } catch (err) {
+            // istanbul ignore next
+            if (doDebug) {
+                debugLog(chalk.red("func readValueAsync has failed "));
+                if (err instanceof Error) {
+                    debugLog(" stack", err.stack);
                 }
-                satisfy_callbacks(err as Error);
             }
+            satisfy_callbacks(err as Error);
         }
+    }
 
-        public getWriteMask(): number {
-            return super.getWriteMask();
-        }
-
-        public getUserWriteMask(): number {
-            return super.getUserWriteMask();
-        }
+    public getWriteMask(): number {
+        return super.getWriteMask();
+    }
 
-        public clone(options: CloneOptions, optionalFilter?: CloneFilter, extraInfo?: CloneExtraInfo): UAVariable {
-            options = {
-                ...options,
-                // check this eventNotifier: this.eventNotifier,
-                // check this symbolicName: this.symbolicName,
+    public getUserWriteMask(): number {
+        return super.getUserWriteMask();
+    }
 
-                accessLevel: this.accessLevel,
-                arrayDimensions: this.arrayDimensions,
-                dataType: this.dataType,
-                historizing: this.historizing,
-                minimumSamplingInterval: this.minimumSamplingInterval,
-                userAccessLevel: this.userAccessLevel,
-                valueRank: this.valueRank
-            };
+    public clone(options: CloneOptions, optionalFilter?: CloneFilter, extraInfo?: CloneExtraInfo): UAVariable {
+        options = {
+            ...options,
+            // check this eventNotifier: this.eventNotifier,
+            // check this symbolicName: this.symbolicName,
+
+            accessLevel: this.accessLevel,
+            arrayDimensions: this.arrayDimensions,
+            dataType: this.dataType,
+            historizing: this.historizing,
+            minimumSamplingInterval: this.minimumSamplingInterval,
+            userAccessLevel: this.userAccessLevel,
+            valueRank: this.valueRank
+        };
 
-            const newVariable = _clone.call(
-                this,
-                UAVariableImpl,
-                options,
-                optionalFilter || defaultCloneFilter,
-                extraInfo || defaultCloneExtraInfo
-            ) as UAVariableImpl;
+        const newVariable = _clone.call(
+            this,
+            UAVariableImpl,
+            options,
+            optionalFilter || defaultCloneFilter,
+            extraInfo || defaultCloneExtraInfo
+        ) as UAVariableImpl;
 
-            newVariable.bindVariable();
+        newVariable.bindVariable();
 
-            assert(typeof newVariable._timestamped_set_func === "function");
+        assert(typeof newVariable._timestamped_set_func === "function");
 
-            assert(newVariable.dataType === this.dataType);
-            newVariable.$dataValue = this.$dataValue.clone();
+        assert(newVariable.dataType === this.dataType);
+        newVariable.$dataValue = this.$dataValue.clone();
 
-            // also bind extension object
-            const v = newVariable.$dataValue.value;
-            if (v.dataType === DataType.ExtensionObject && v.value && v.arrayType === VariantArrayType.Scalar) {
-                try {
-                    newVariable.bindExtensionObject(newVariable.$dataValue.value.value);
-                } catch (err) {
-                    errorLog("Errro binding extension objects");
-                    errorLog((err as Error).message);
-                    errorLog(this.toString());
-                    errorLog("---------------------------------------");
-                    errorLog(this.$dataValue.toString());
-                    errorLog("---------------------------------------");
-                    errorLog(newVariable.$dataValue.toString());
-                    throw err;
-                }
+        // also bind extension object
+        const v = newVariable.$dataValue.value;
+        if (v.dataType === DataType.ExtensionObject && v.value && v.arrayType === VariantArrayType.Scalar) {
+            try {
+                newVariable.bindExtensionObject(newVariable.$dataValue.value.value);
+            } catch (err) {
+                errorLog("Errro binding extension objects");
+                errorLog((err as Error).message);
+                errorLog(this.toString());
+                errorLog("---------------------------------------");
+                errorLog(this.$dataValue.toString());
+                errorLog("---------------------------------------");
+                errorLog(newVariable.$dataValue.toString());
+                throw err;
             }
-            return newVariable;
         }
+        return newVariable;
+    }
 
-        public getDataTypeNode(): UADataType {
-            const addressSpace = this.addressSpace;
-            const dt = addressSpace.findNode(this.dataType);
-            // istanbul ignore next
-            if (!dt) {
-                throw new Error("getDataTypeNode: cannot find dataType " + this.dataType.toString());
-            }
-            return dt as UADataType;
+    public getDataTypeNode(): UADataType {
+        const addressSpace = this.addressSpace;
+        const dt = addressSpace.findNode(this.dataType);
+        // istanbul ignore next
+        if (!dt) {
+            throw new Error("getDataTypeNode: cannot find dataType " + this.dataType.toString());
         }
+        return dt as UADataType;
+    }
 
-        public get dataTypeObj(): UADataType {
-            return this.getDataTypeNode();
-        }
+    public get dataTypeObj(): UADataType {
+        return this.getDataTypeNode();
+    }
 
-        public checkExtensionObjectIsCorrect(extObj: ExtensionObject | ExtensionObject[] | null): boolean {
-            if (!extObj) {
-                return true;
-            }
-            const addressSpace = this.addressSpace;
-            const dataType = addressSpace.findDataType(this.dataType);
-            if (!dataType) {
-                // may be we are in the process of loading a xml file and the corresponding dataType
-                // has not yet been loaded !
-                return true;
-            }
+    public checkExtensionObjectIsCorrect(extObj: ExtensionObject | ExtensionObject[] | null): boolean {
+        if (!extObj) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        const addressSpace = this.addressSpace;
+        const dataType = addressSpace.findDataType(this.dataType);
+        if (!dataType) {
+            // may be we are in the process of loading a xml file and the corresponding dataType
+            // has not yet been loaded !
+            return true;
+        }
 
-            const Constructor = addressSpace.getExtensionObjectConstructor(this.dataType);
+        const Constructor = addressSpace.getExtensionObjectConstructor(this.dataType);
 
-            if (this.valueRank === -1) {
-                /** Scalar */
-                if (extObj instanceof Array) {
+        if (this.valueRank === -1) {
+            /** Scalar */
+            if (extObj instanceof Array) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            return checkExtensionObjectIsCorrectScalar.call(this, extObj);
+        } else if (this.valueRank >= 1) {
+            /** array */
+            if (!(extObj instanceof Array)) {
+                // let's coerce this scalar into an 1-element array if it is a valid extension object
+                if (checkExtensionObjectIsCorrectScalar.call(this, extObj)) {
+                    warningLog(
+                        `warning: checkExtensionObjectIsCorrect : expecting a array but got a scalar (value rank of '${this.browseName.toString()}' is 1)\nautomatic conversion from scalar to array with 1 element is taking place.`
+                    );
+                    extObj = [extObj];
+                } else {
                     return false;
                 }
-                return checkExtensionObjectIsCorrectScalar.call(this, extObj);
-            } else if (this.valueRank >= 1) {
-                /** array */
-                if (!(extObj instanceof Array)) {
-                    // let's coerce this scalar into an 1-element array if it is a valid extension object
-                    if (checkExtensionObjectIsCorrectScalar.call(this, extObj)) {
-                        warningLog(
-                            `warning: checkExtensionObjectIsCorrect : expecting a array but got a scalar (value rank of '${this.browseName.toString()}' is 1)\nautomatic conversion from scalar to array with 1 element is taking place.`
-                        );
-                        extObj = [extObj];
-                    } else {
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                }
-                return checkExtensionObjectIsCorrectArray.call(this, extObj);
-            } else if (this.valueRank === 0) {
-                // Scalar or Array
-                const isCorrectScalar = !Array.isArray(extObj) && checkExtensionObjectIsCorrectScalar.call(this, extObj);
-                const isCorrectArray =
-                    Array.isArray(extObj) && checkExtensionObjectIsCorrectArray.call(this, extObj as ExtensionObject[]);
-                return isCorrectArray || isCorrectScalar;
-            } else {
-                throw new Error(
-                    `checkExtensionObjectIsCorrect: Not Implemented case, please contact sterfive : this.valueRank =${this.valueRank}`
-                );
             }
-            function checkExtensionObjectIsCorrectScalar(
-                this: UAVariableImpl,
-                extObj: ExtensionObject | ExtensionObject[] | null
-            ): boolean {
-                // istanbul ignore next
+            return checkExtensionObjectIsCorrectArray.call(this, extObj);
+        } else if (this.valueRank === 0) {
+            // Scalar or Array
+            const isCorrectScalar = !Array.isArray(extObj) && checkExtensionObjectIsCorrectScalar.call(this, extObj);
+            const isCorrectArray =
+                Array.isArray(extObj) && checkExtensionObjectIsCorrectArray.call(this, extObj as ExtensionObject[]);
+            return isCorrectArray || isCorrectScalar;
+        } else {
+            throw new Error(
+                `checkExtensionObjectIsCorrect: Not Implemented case, please contact sterfive : this.valueRank =${this.valueRank}`
+            );
+        }
+        function checkExtensionObjectIsCorrectScalar(
+            this: UAVariableImpl,
+            extObj: ExtensionObject | ExtensionObject[] | null
+        ): boolean {
+            // istanbul ignore next
+            if (!(extObj && extObj.constructor)) {
+                errorLog(extObj);
+                throw new Error("expecting an valid extension object");
+            }
+            return extObj.constructor.name === Constructor.name;
+        }
+
+        function checkExtensionObjectIsCorrectArray(this: UAVariableImpl, extObjArray: ExtensionObject[]): boolean {
+            // istanbul ignore next
+            for (const extObj of extObjArray) {
                 if (!(extObj && extObj.constructor)) {
                     errorLog(extObj);
                     throw new Error("expecting an valid extension object");
                 }
-                return extObj.constructor.name === Constructor.name;
             }
-
-            function checkExtensionObjectIsCorrectArray(this: UAVariableImpl, extObjArray: ExtensionObject[]): boolean {
-                // istanbul ignore next
-                for (const extObj of extObjArray) {
-                    if (!(extObj && extObj.constructor)) {
-                        errorLog(extObj);
-                        throw new Error("expecting an valid extension object");
+            try {
+                for (const e of extObjArray) {
+                    if (!e) {
+                        continue;
                     }
-                }
-                try {
-                    for (const e of extObjArray) {
-                        if (!e) {
-                            continue;
-                        }
-                        if (e.constructor.name !== Constructor.name) {
-                            debugLog("extObj.constructor.name ", e.constructor.name, "expected", Constructor.name);
-                            return false;
-                        }
+                    if (e.constructor.name !== Constructor.name) {
+                        debugLog("extObj.constructor.name ", e.constructor.name, "expected", Constructor.name);
+                        return false;
                     }
-                    return true;
-                } catch (err) {
-                    errorLog(err);
-                    return false;
                 }
+                return true;
+            } catch (err) {
+                errorLog(err);
+                return false;
             }
         }
+    }
 
-        /**
-         * @private
-         * install UAVariable to exposed th
-         *
-         * precondition:
-         */
-        public installExtensionObjectVariables(): void {
-            _installExtensionObjectBindingOnProperties(this, { createMissingProp: true });
-        }
-        /**
-         * @method bindExtensionObject
-         * @return {ExtensionObject}
-         */
-        public bindExtensionObjectScalar(
-            optionalExtensionObject?: ExtensionObject,
-            options?: BindExtensionObjectOptions
-        ): ExtensionObject | null {
-            assert(this.valueRank === -1, "expecting an Scalar variable here");
-            return _bindExtensionObject(this, optionalExtensionObject, options) as ExtensionObject;
-        }
-
-        public bindExtensionObjectArray(
-            optionalExtensionObject?: ExtensionObject[],
-            options?: BindExtensionObjectOptions
-        ): ExtensionObject[] | null {
-            assert(this.valueRank >= 1, "expecting an Array or a Matrix variable here");
-            return _bindExtensionObjectArrayOrMatrix(this, optionalExtensionObject, options);
-        }
-
-        public bindExtensionObject(
-            optionalExtensionObject?: ExtensionObject | ExtensionObject[],
-            options?: BindExtensionObjectOptions
-        ): ExtensionObject | ExtensionObject[] | null {
-
-            // coerce to ExtensionObject[] when this.valueRank === 1
-            if (optionalExtensionObject && this.valueRank === 1 && !Array.isArray(optionalExtensionObject) && optionalExtensionObject instanceof ExtensionObject) {
-                warningLog("bindExtensionObject: coerce to ExtensionObject[] when valueRank === 1 and value is a scalar extension object");
-                optionalExtensionObject = [optionalExtensionObject];
-            }
+    /**
+     * @private
+     * install UAVariable to exposed th
+     *
+     * precondition:
+     */
+    public installExtensionObjectVariables(): void {
+        _installExtensionObjectBindingOnProperties(this, { createMissingProp: true });
+    }
+    /**
+     * @method bindExtensionObject
+     * @return {ExtensionObject}
+     */
+    public bindExtensionObjectScalar(
+        optionalExtensionObject?: ExtensionObject,
+        options?: BindExtensionObjectOptions
+    ): ExtensionObject | null {
+        assert(this.valueRank === -1, "expecting an Scalar variable here");
+        return _bindExtensionObject(this, optionalExtensionObject, options) as ExtensionObject;
+    }
 
-            if (optionalExtensionObject) {
-                if (optionalExtensionObject instanceof Array) {
-                    assert(this.valueRank >= 1, "bindExtensionObject: expecting an Array of Matrix variable here");
-                    return _bindExtensionObjectArrayOrMatrix(this, optionalExtensionObject, options);
-                } else {
-                    if (this.valueRank !== -1 && this.valueRank !== 0) {
-                        throw new Error("bindExtensionObject: expecting an Scalar variable here but got value rank " + this.valueRank);
-                    }
-                    return _bindExtensionObject(this, optionalExtensionObject, options) as ExtensionObject;
+    public bindExtensionObjectArray(
+        optionalExtensionObject?: ExtensionObject[],
+        options?: BindExtensionObjectOptions
+    ): ExtensionObject[] | null {
+        assert(this.valueRank >= 1, "expecting an Array or a Matrix variable here");
+        return _bindExtensionObjectArrayOrMatrix(this, optionalExtensionObject, options);
+    }
+
+    public bindExtensionObject(
+        optionalExtensionObject?: ExtensionObject | ExtensionObject[],
+        options?: BindExtensionObjectOptions
+    ): ExtensionObject | ExtensionObject[] | null {
+
+        // coerce to ExtensionObject[] when this.valueRank === 1
+        if (optionalExtensionObject && this.valueRank === 1 && !Array.isArray(optionalExtensionObject) && optionalExtensionObject instanceof ExtensionObject) {
+            warningLog("bindExtensionObject: coerce to ExtensionObject[] when valueRank === 1 and value is a scalar extension object");
+            optionalExtensionObject = [optionalExtensionObject];
+        }
+
+        if (optionalExtensionObject) {
+            if (optionalExtensionObject instanceof Array) {
+                assert(this.valueRank >= 1, "bindExtensionObject: expecting an Array of Matrix variable here");
+                return _bindExtensionObjectArrayOrMatrix(this, optionalExtensionObject, options);
+            } else {
+                if (this.valueRank !== -1 && this.valueRank !== 0) {
+                    throw new Error("bindExtensionObject: expecting an Scalar variable here but got value rank " + this.valueRank);
                 }
+                return _bindExtensionObject(this, optionalExtensionObject, options) as ExtensionObject;
             }
-            assert(optionalExtensionObject === undefined);
-            if (this.valueRank === -1) {
-                return _bindExtensionObject(this, undefined, options) as ExtensionObject;
-            } else if (this.valueRank === 1) {
-                return _bindExtensionObjectArrayOrMatrix(this, undefined, options);
-            } else if (this.valueRank > 1) {
-                return _bindExtensionObjectArrayOrMatrix(this, undefined, options);
-            }
-            //  unsupported case ... 
-            return null;
-        }
-
-        public updateExtensionObjectPartial(partialExtensionObject?: { [key: string]: any }): ExtensionObject {
-            setExtensionObjectPartialValue(this, partialExtensionObject);
-            return this.$extensionObject;
-        }
-
-        public incrementExtensionObjectPartial(path: string | string[]): void {
-            const extensionObject = this.readValue().value.value as ExtensionObject;
-            const partialData = extractPartialData(path, extensionObject);
-            incrementElement(path, partialData);
-            setExtensionObjectPartialValue(this, partialData);
-        }
-
-        public toString(): string {
-            const options = new ToStringBuilder();
-            UAVariable_toString.call(this, options);
-            return options.toString();
-        }
-
-        // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-        // History
-        // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-        public historyRead(
-            context: ISessionContext,
-            historyReadDetails:
-                | HistoryReadDetails
-                | ReadRawModifiedDetails
-                | ReadEventDetails
-                | ReadProcessedDetails
-                | ReadAtTimeDetails,
-            indexRange: NumericRange | null,
-            dataEncoding: QualifiedNameLike | null,
-            continuationData: ContinuationData
-        ): Promise<HistoryReadResult>;
-
-        public historyRead(
-            context: ISessionContext,
-            historyReadDetails:
-                | HistoryReadDetails
-                | ReadRawModifiedDetails
-                | ReadEventDetails
-                | ReadProcessedDetails
-                | ReadAtTimeDetails,
-            indexRange: NumericRange | null,
-            dataEncoding: QualifiedNameLike | null,
-            continuationData: ContinuationData,
-            callback: CallbackT<HistoryReadResult>
-        ): void;
-        public historyRead(
-            context: ISessionContext,
-            historyReadDetails:
-                | HistoryReadDetails
-                | ReadRawModifiedDetails
-                | ReadEventDetails
-                | ReadProcessedDetails
-                | ReadAtTimeDetails,
-            indexRange: NumericRange | null,
-            dataEncoding: QualifiedNameLike | null,
-            continuationData: ContinuationData,
-            callback?: CallbackT<HistoryReadResult>
-        ): any {
-            assert(context instanceof SessionContext);
-            assert(typeof callback === "function");
-            if (typeof this._historyRead !== "function") {
-                return callback!(null, new HistoryReadResult({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadNotReadable }));
-            }
+        }
+        assert(optionalExtensionObject === undefined);
+        if (this.valueRank === -1) {
+            return _bindExtensionObject(this, undefined, options) as ExtensionObject;
+        } else if (this.valueRank === 1) {
+            return _bindExtensionObjectArrayOrMatrix(this, undefined, options);
+        } else if (this.valueRank > 1) {
+            return _bindExtensionObjectArrayOrMatrix(this, undefined, options);
+        }
+        //  unsupported case ... 
+        return null;
+    }
 
-            this._historyRead(context, historyReadDetails, indexRange, dataEncoding, continuationData, callback!);
-        }
-
-        public _historyReadRaw(
-            context: ISessionContext,
-            historyReadRawModifiedDetails: ReadRawModifiedDetails,
-            indexRange: NumericRange | null,
-            dataEncoding: QualifiedNameLike | null,
-            continuationData: ContinuationData,
-            callback: CallbackT<HistoryReadResult>
-        ): void {
-            throw new Error("");
-        }
-
-        public _historyReadRawModify(
-            context: ISessionContext,
-            historyReadRawModifiedDetails: ReadRawModifiedDetails,
-            indexRange: NumericRange | null,
-            dataEncoding: QualifiedNameLike | null,
-            continuationData: ContinuationData,
-            callback?: CallbackT<HistoryReadResult>
-        ): any {
-            throw new Error("");
-        }
-
-        public _historyRead(
-            context: ISessionContext,
-            historyReadDetails:
-                | HistoryReadDetails
-                | ReadRawModifiedDetails
-                | ReadEventDetails
-                | ReadProcessedDetails
-                | ReadAtTimeDetails,
-            indexRange: NumericRange | null,
-            dataEncoding: QualifiedNameLike | null,
-            continuationData: ContinuationData,
-            callback: CallbackT<HistoryReadResult>
-        ): void {
-
-            if (!this.checkPermissionPrivate(context, PermissionType.ReadHistory)) {
-                const result = new HistoryReadResult({
-                    statusCode: StatusCodes.BadUserAccessDenied
-                });
-                callback(null, result);
-            }
-            if (!this.canUserReadHistory(context)) {
-                const result = new HistoryReadResult({
-                    statusCode: StatusCodes.BadHistoryOperationUnsupported
-                });
-                callback(null, result);
-            }
+    public updateExtensionObjectPartial(partialExtensionObject?: { [key: string]: any }): ExtensionObject {
+        setExtensionObjectPartialValue(this, partialExtensionObject);
+        return this.$extensionObject;
+    }
+
+    public incrementExtensionObjectPartial(path: string | string[]): void {
+        const extensionObject = this.readValue().value.value as ExtensionObject;
+        const partialData = extractPartialData(path, extensionObject);
+        incrementElement(path, partialData);
+        setExtensionObjectPartialValue(this, partialData);
+    }
+
+    public toString(): string {
+        const options = new ToStringBuilder();
+        UAVariable_toString.call(this, options);
+        return options.toString();
+    }
+
+    // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // History
+    // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    public historyRead(
+        context: ISessionContext,
+        historyReadDetails:
+            | HistoryReadDetails
+            | ReadRawModifiedDetails
+            | ReadEventDetails
+            | ReadProcessedDetails
+            | ReadAtTimeDetails,
+        indexRange: NumericRange | null,
+        dataEncoding: QualifiedNameLike | null,
+        continuationData: ContinuationData
+    ): Promise<HistoryReadResult>;
+
+    public historyRead(
+        context: ISessionContext,
+        historyReadDetails:
+            | HistoryReadDetails
+            | ReadRawModifiedDetails
+            | ReadEventDetails
+            | ReadProcessedDetails
+            | ReadAtTimeDetails,
+        indexRange: NumericRange | null,
+        dataEncoding: QualifiedNameLike | null,
+        continuationData: ContinuationData,
+        callback: CallbackT<HistoryReadResult>
+    ): void;
+    public historyRead(
+        context: ISessionContext,
+        historyReadDetails:
+            | HistoryReadDetails
+            | ReadRawModifiedDetails
+            | ReadEventDetails
+            | ReadProcessedDetails
+            | ReadAtTimeDetails,
+        indexRange: NumericRange | null,
+        dataEncoding: QualifiedNameLike | null,
+        continuationData: ContinuationData,
+        callback?: CallbackT<HistoryReadResult>
+    ): any {
+        assert(context instanceof SessionContext);
+        assert(typeof callback === "function");
+        if (typeof this._historyRead !== "function") {
+            return callback!(null, new HistoryReadResult({ statusCode: StatusCodes.BadNotReadable }));
+        }
+
+        this._historyRead(context, historyReadDetails, indexRange, dataEncoding, continuationData, callback!);
+    }
+
+    public _historyReadRaw(
+        context: ISessionContext,
+        historyReadRawModifiedDetails: ReadRawModifiedDetails,
+        indexRange: NumericRange | null,
+        dataEncoding: QualifiedNameLike | null,
+        continuationData: ContinuationData,
+        callback: CallbackT<HistoryReadResult>
+    ): void {
+        throw new Error("");
+    }
+
+    public _historyReadRawModify(
+        context: ISessionContext,
+        historyReadRawModifiedDetails: ReadRawModifiedDetails,
+        indexRange: NumericRange | null,
+        dataEncoding: QualifiedNameLike | null,
+        continuationData: ContinuationData,
+        callback?: CallbackT<HistoryReadResult>
+    ): any {
+        throw new Error("");
+    }
+
+    public _historyRead(
+        context: ISessionContext,
+        historyReadDetails:
+            | HistoryReadDetails
+            | ReadRawModifiedDetails
+            | ReadEventDetails
+            | ReadProcessedDetails
+            | ReadAtTimeDetails,
+        indexRange: NumericRange | null,
+        dataEncoding: QualifiedNameLike | null,
+        continuationData: ContinuationData,
+        callback: CallbackT<HistoryReadResult>
+    ): void {
+
+        if (!this.checkPermissionPrivate(context, PermissionType.ReadHistory)) {
+            const result = new HistoryReadResult({
+                statusCode: StatusCodes.BadUserAccessDenied
+            });
+            callback(null, result);
+        }
+        if (!this.canUserReadHistory(context)) {
             const result = new HistoryReadResult({
                 statusCode: StatusCodes.BadHistoryOperationUnsupported
             });
             callback(null, result);
         }
+        const result = new HistoryReadResult({
+            statusCode: StatusCodes.BadHistoryOperationUnsupported
+        });
+        callback(null, result);
+    }
 
-        public _historyPush(newDataValue: DataValue): any {
-            throw new Error("");
-        }
+    public _historyPush(newDataValue: DataValue): any {
+        throw new Error("");
+    }
 
-        public _historyReadRawAsync(
-            historyReadRawModifiedDetails: ReadRawModifiedDetails,
-            maxNumberToExtract: number,
-            isReversed: boolean,
-            reverseDataValue: boolean,
-            callback: CallbackT<DataValue[]>
-        ): any {
-            throw new Error("");
-        }
+    public _historyReadRawAsync(
+        historyReadRawModifiedDetails: ReadRawModifiedDetails,
+        maxNumberToExtract: number,
+        isReversed: boolean,
+        reverseDataValue: boolean,
+        callback: CallbackT<DataValue[]>
+    ): any {
+        throw new Error("");
+    }
 
-        public _historyReadModify(
-            context: ISessionContext,
-            historyReadRawModifiedDetails: ReadRawModifiedDetails,
-            indexRange: NumericRange | null,
-            dataEncoding: QualifiedNameLike | null,
-            continuationData: ContinuationData,
-            callback: CallbackT<HistoryReadResult>
-        ): any {
-            throw new Error("");
-        }
+    public _historyReadModify(
+        context: ISessionContext,
+        historyReadRawModifiedDetails: ReadRawModifiedDetails,
+        indexRange: NumericRange | null,
+        dataEncoding: QualifiedNameLike | null,
+        continuationData: ContinuationData,
+        callback: CallbackT<HistoryReadResult>
+    ): any {
+        throw new Error("");
+    }
 
-        public _update_startOfOnlineArchive(newDate: Date): void {
-            // please install
-            throw new Error("");
-        }
+    public _update_startOfOnlineArchive(newDate: Date): void {
+        // please install
+        throw new Error("");
+    }
 
-        public _update_startOfArchive(newDate: Date): void {
-            throw new Error("");
-        }
+    public _update_startOfArchive(newDate: Date): void {
+        throw new Error("");
+    }
 
-        public _validate_DataType(variantDataType: DataType): boolean {
-            return validateDataType(this.addressSpace, this.dataType, variantDataType, this.nodeId, /* allow Nulls */ false);
-        }
+    public _validate_DataType(variantDataType: DataType): boolean {
+        return validateDataType(this.addressSpace, this.dataType, variantDataType, this.nodeId, /* allow Nulls */ false);
+    }
 
-        public _internal_set_value(value: Variant): void {
-            if (value.dataType !== DataType.Null) {
-                this.verifyVariantCompatibility(value);
-            }
-            this.$dataValue.value = value;
+    public _internal_set_value(value: Variant): void {
+        if (value.dataType !== DataType.Null) {
+            this.verifyVariantCompatibility(value);
         }
+        this.$dataValue.value = value;
+    }
 
-        public _internal_set_dataValue(dataValue: DataValue, indexRange?: NumericRange | null): void {
-            assert(dataValue, "expecting a dataValue");
-            assert(dataValue instanceof DataValue, "expecting dataValue to be a DataValue");
-            assert(dataValue !== this.$dataValue, "expecting dataValue to be different from previous DataValue instance");
+    public _internal_set_dataValue(dataValue: DataValue, indexRange?: NumericRange | null): void {
+        assert(dataValue, "expecting a dataValue");
+        assert(dataValue instanceof DataValue, "expecting dataValue to be a DataValue");
+        assert(dataValue !== this.$dataValue, "expecting dataValue to be different from previous DataValue instance");
 
-            const addressSpace = this.addressSpace;
+        const addressSpace = this.addressSpace;
 
-            // istanbul ignore next
-            if (!addressSpace) {
-                warningLog("UAVariable#_internal_set_dataValue : no addressSpace ! may be node has already been deleted ?");
-                return;
-            }
+        // istanbul ignore next
+        if (!addressSpace) {
+            warningLog("UAVariable#_internal_set_dataValue : no addressSpace ! may be node has already been deleted ?");
+            return;
+        }
 
-            // istanbul ignore next
-            if (dataValue.value.arrayType === VariantArrayType.Matrix) {
-                if (!dataValue.value.dimensions) {
-                    throw new Error("missing dimensions: a Matrix Variant needs a dimension");
-                }
-                const nbElements = dataValue.value.dimensions.reduce((acc, x) => acc * x, 1);
-                if (dataValue.value.value.length !== 0 && dataValue.value.value.length !== nbElements) {
-                    throw new Error(
-                        `Internal Error: matrix dimension doesn't match the number of element in the array : ${dataValue.toString()} "\n expecting ${nbElements} elements but got ${dataValue.value.value.length
-                        }`
-                    );
-                }
+        // istanbul ignore next
+        if (dataValue.value.arrayType === VariantArrayType.Matrix) {
+            if (!dataValue.value.dimensions) {
+                throw new Error("missing dimensions: a Matrix Variant needs a dimension");
             }
+            const nbElements = dataValue.value.dimensions.reduce((acc, x) => acc * x, 1);
+            if (dataValue.value.value.length !== 0 && dataValue.value.value.length !== nbElements) {
+                throw new Error(
+                    `Internal Error: matrix dimension doesn't match the number of element in the array : ${dataValue.toString()} "\n expecting ${nbElements} elements but got ${dataValue.value.value.length
+                    }`
+                );
+            }
+        }
 
+        // istanbul ignore next
+        if (dataValue.value.dataType === DataType.ExtensionObject) {
             // istanbul ignore next
-            if (dataValue.value.dataType === DataType.ExtensionObject) {
-                // istanbul ignore next
-                if (!this.checkExtensionObjectIsCorrect(dataValue.value.value)) {
-                    warningLog(dataValue.toString());
-                    throw new Error("Invalid Extension Object on nodeId =" + this.nodeId.toString());
-                }
+            if (!this.checkExtensionObjectIsCorrect(dataValue.value.value)) {
+                warningLog(dataValue.toString());
+                throw new Error("Invalid Extension Object on nodeId =" + this.nodeId.toString());
             }
-
-            this.verifyVariantCompatibility(dataValue.value);
-
-            this._inner_replace_dataValue(dataValue, indexRange);
         }
 
-        /**
-         * @private
-         */
-        public _inner_replace_dataValue(dataValue: DataValue, indexRange?: NumericRange | null) {
+        this.verifyVariantCompatibility(dataValue.value);
 
-            assert(this.$dataValue.value instanceof Variant);
-            const old_dataValue = this.$dataValue.clone();
+        this._inner_replace_dataValue(dataValue, indexRange);
+    }
 
-            if (this.$$extensionObjectArray && dataValue.value.arrayType !== VariantArrayType.Scalar) {
-                // we have a bounded array or matrix
-                assert(Array.isArray(dataValue.value.value));
-                if (this.$$extensionObjectArray !== this.$dataValue.value.value) {
-                    throw new Error("internal error");
-                }
-                this.$$extensionObjectArray = dataValue.value.value;
-                this.$dataValue.value.value = dataValue.value.value;
-
-                this.$dataValue.statusCode = dataValue.statusCode || StatusCodes.Good;
-                this.$dataValue.serverTimestamp = dataValue.serverTimestamp;
-                this.$dataValue.serverPicoseconds = dataValue.serverPicoseconds;
-                this.$dataValue.sourceTimestamp = dataValue.sourceTimestamp;
-                this.$dataValue.sourcePicoseconds = dataValue.sourcePicoseconds;
-
-            } else if (this._basicDataType === DataType.ExtensionObject && this.valueRank === -1 && this.$set_ExtensionObject && dataValue.value.arrayType === VariantArrayType.Scalar) {
-                // the entire extension object is changed. 
-                this.$dataValue.statusCode = this.$dataValue.statusCode || StatusCodes.Good;
-                const preciseClock = coerceClock(this.$dataValue.sourceTimestamp, this.$dataValue.sourcePicoseconds);
-                this.$set_ExtensionObject(dataValue.value.value, preciseClock, new Set())
-            } else {
-                this.$dataValue = dataValue;
-                this.$dataValue.statusCode = this.$dataValue.statusCode || StatusCodes.Good;
-            }
-            // repair missing timestamps
-            const now = new Date();
-            if (!dataValue.serverTimestamp) {
-                this.$dataValue.serverTimestamp = old_dataValue.serverTimestamp || now;
-                this.$dataValue.serverPicoseconds = old_dataValue.serverPicoseconds || 0;
-            }
-            if (!dataValue.sourceTimestamp) {
-                this.$dataValue.sourceTimestamp = old_dataValue.sourceTimestamp || now;
-                this.$dataValue.sourcePicoseconds = old_dataValue.sourcePicoseconds || 0;
-            }
+    /**
+     * @private
+     */
+    public _inner_replace_dataValue(dataValue: DataValue, indexRange?: NumericRange | null) {
+
+        assert(this.$dataValue.value instanceof Variant);
+        const old_dataValue = this.$dataValue.clone();
+
+        if (this.$$extensionObjectArray && dataValue.value.arrayType !== VariantArrayType.Scalar) {
+            // we have a bounded array or matrix
+            assert(Array.isArray(dataValue.value.value));
+            if (this.$$extensionObjectArray !== this.$dataValue.value.value) {
+                throw new Error("internal error");
+            }
+            this.$$extensionObjectArray = dataValue.value.value;
+            this.$dataValue.value.value = dataValue.value.value;
+
+            this.$dataValue.statusCode = dataValue.statusCode || StatusCodes.Good;
+            this.$dataValue.serverTimestamp = dataValue.serverTimestamp;
+            this.$dataValue.serverPicoseconds = dataValue.serverPicoseconds;
+            this.$dataValue.sourceTimestamp = dataValue.sourceTimestamp;
+            this.$dataValue.sourcePicoseconds = dataValue.sourcePicoseconds;
+
+        } else if (this._basicDataType === DataType.ExtensionObject && this.valueRank === -1 && this.$set_ExtensionObject && dataValue.value.arrayType === VariantArrayType.Scalar) {
+            // the entire extension object is changed. 
+            this.$dataValue.statusCode = this.$dataValue.statusCode || StatusCodes.Good;
+            const preciseClock = coerceClock(this.$dataValue.sourceTimestamp, this.$dataValue.sourcePicoseconds);
+            this.$set_ExtensionObject(dataValue.value.value, preciseClock, new Set())
+        } else {
+            this.$dataValue = dataValue;
+            this.$dataValue.statusCode = this.$dataValue.statusCode || StatusCodes.Good;
+        }
+        // repair missing timestamps
+        const now = new Date();
+        if (!dataValue.serverTimestamp) {
+            this.$dataValue.serverTimestamp = old_dataValue.serverTimestamp || now;
+            this.$dataValue.serverPicoseconds = old_dataValue.serverPicoseconds || 0;
+        }
+        if (!dataValue.sourceTimestamp) {
+            this.$dataValue.sourceTimestamp = old_dataValue.sourceTimestamp || now;
+            this.$dataValue.sourcePicoseconds = old_dataValue.sourcePicoseconds || 0;
+        }
 
-            if (!sameDataValue(old_dataValue, dataValue)) {
-                if (this.getBasicDataType() === DataType.ExtensionObject) {
-                    const preciseClock = coerceClock(this.$dataValue.sourceTimestamp, this.$dataValue.sourcePicoseconds);
-                    const cache: Set<UAVariable> = new Set();
-                    if (this.$$extensionObjectArray) {
-                        this.touchValue(preciseClock);
-                        propagateTouchValueDownwardArray(this, preciseClock, cache);
-                    } else {
-                        this.touchValue(preciseClock);
-                        propagateTouchValueDownward(this, preciseClock, cache);
-                    }
+        if (!sameDataValue(old_dataValue, dataValue)) {
+            if (this.getBasicDataType() === DataType.ExtensionObject) {
+                const preciseClock = coerceClock(this.$dataValue.sourceTimestamp, this.$dataValue.sourcePicoseconds);
+                const cache: Set<UAVariable> = new Set();
+                if (this.$$extensionObjectArray) {
+                    this.touchValue(preciseClock);
+                    propagateTouchValueDownwardArray(this, preciseClock, cache);
                 } else {
-                    this.emit("value_changed", this.$dataValue.clone(), indexRange);
+                    this.touchValue(preciseClock);
+                    propagateTouchValueDownward(this, preciseClock, cache);
                 }
+            } else {
+                this.emit("value_changed", this.$dataValue.clone(), indexRange);
             }
         }
+    }
 
-        public _conditionRefresh(_cache?: ConditionRefreshCache): void {
-            apply_condition_refresh.call(this, _cache);
-        }
-
-        public handle_semantic_changed(): void {
-            this.semantic_version = this.semantic_version + 1;
-            this.emit("semantic_changed");
-        }
+    public _conditionRefresh(_cache?: ConditionRefreshCache): void {
+        apply_condition_refresh.call(this, _cache);
+    }
 
-        private _readDataType(): DataValue {
-            assert(this.dataType instanceof NodeId);
-            const options = {
-                statusCode: StatusCodes.Good,
-                value: {
-                    dataType: DataType.NodeId,
-                    value: this.dataType
-                }
-            };
-            return new DataValue(options);
-        }
+    public handle_semantic_changed(): void {
+        this.semantic_version = this.semantic_version + 1;
+        this.emit("semantic_changed");
+    }
 
-        private _readValueRank(): DataValue {
-            assert(typeof this.valueRank === "number");
-            const options = {
-                statusCode: StatusCodes.Good,
-                value: { dataType: DataType.Int32, value: this.valueRank }
-            };
-            return new DataValue(options);
-        }
+    private _readDataType(): DataValue {
+        assert(this.dataType instanceof NodeId);
+        const options = {
+            statusCode: StatusCodes.Good,
+            value: {
+                dataType: DataType.NodeId,
+                value: this.dataType
+            }
+        };
+        return new DataValue(options);
+    }
 
-        private _readArrayDimensions(): DataValue {
-            assert(Array.isArray(this.arrayDimensions) || this.arrayDimensions === null);
-            assert(!this.arrayDimensions || this.valueRank > 0, "arrayDimension must be null if valueRank <0");
-            const options = {
-                statusCode: StatusCodes.Good,
-                value: { dataType: DataType.UInt32, arrayType: VariantArrayType.Array, value: this.arrayDimensions }
-            };
-            return new DataValue(options);
-        }
+    private _readValueRank(): DataValue {
+        assert(typeof this.valueRank === "number");
+        const options = {
+            statusCode: StatusCodes.Good,
+            value: { dataType: DataType.Int32, value: this.valueRank }
+        };
+        return new DataValue(options);
+    }
 
-        private _readAccessLevel(context: ISessionContext): DataValue {
-            assert(context instanceof SessionContext);
-            const options = {
-                statusCode: StatusCodes.Good,
-                value: { dataType: DataType.Byte, value: convertAccessLevelFlagToByte(this.accessLevel) }
-            };
-            return new DataValue(options);
-        }
+    private _readArrayDimensions(): DataValue {
+        assert(Array.isArray(this.arrayDimensions) || this.arrayDimensions === null);
+        assert(!this.arrayDimensions || this.valueRank > 0, "arrayDimension must be null if valueRank <0");
+        const options = {
+            statusCode: StatusCodes.Good,
+            value: { dataType: DataType.UInt32, arrayType: VariantArrayType.Array, value: this.arrayDimensions }
+        };
+        return new DataValue(options);
+    }
 
-        private _readAccessLevelEx(context: ISessionContext): DataValue {
-            assert(context instanceof SessionContext);
-            const options = {
-                statusCode: StatusCodes.Good,
-                // Extra flags are not supported yet. to do:
-                value: { dataType: DataType.UInt32, value: convertAccessLevelFlagToByte(this.accessLevel) }
-            };
-            return new DataValue(options);
-        }
+    private _readAccessLevel(context: ISessionContext): DataValue {
+        assert(context instanceof SessionContext);
+        const options = {
+            statusCode: StatusCodes.Good,
+            value: { dataType: DataType.Byte, value: convertAccessLevelFlagToByte(this.accessLevel) }
+        };
+        return new DataValue(options);
+    }
 
-        private _readUserAccessLevel(context: ISessionContext): DataValue {
-            assert(context instanceof SessionContext);
+    private _readAccessLevelEx(context: ISessionContext): DataValue {
+        assert(context instanceof SessionContext);
+        const options = {
+            statusCode: StatusCodes.Good,
+            // Extra flags are not supported yet. to do:
+            value: { dataType: DataType.UInt32, value: convertAccessLevelFlagToByte(this.accessLevel) }
+        };
+        return new DataValue(options);
+    }
 
-            const effectiveUserAccessLevel = _calculateEffectiveUserAccessLevelFromPermission(this, context, this.userAccessLevel);
+    private _readUserAccessLevel(context: ISessionContext): DataValue {
+        assert(context instanceof SessionContext);
 
-            const options = {
-                value: {
-                    dataType: DataType.Byte,
-                    statusCode: StatusCodes.Good,
-                    value: convertAccessLevelFlagToByte(effectiveUserAccessLevel)
-                }
-            };
-            return new DataValue(options);
-        }
+        const effectiveUserAccessLevel = _calculateEffectiveUserAccessLevelFromPermission(this, context, this.userAccessLevel);
 
-        private _readMinimumSamplingInterval(): DataValue {
-            // expect a Duration => Double
-            const options: DataValueLike = {};
-            if (this.minimumSamplingInterval === undefined) {
-                options.statusCode = StatusCodes.BadAttributeIdInvalid;
-            } else {
-                options.value = { dataType: DataType.Double, value: this.minimumSamplingInterval };
-                options.statusCode = StatusCodes.Good;
+        const options = {
+            value: {
+                dataType: DataType.Byte,
+                statusCode: StatusCodes.Good,
+                value: convertAccessLevelFlagToByte(effectiveUserAccessLevel)
             }
-            return new DataValue(options);
-        }
+        };
+        return new DataValue(options);
+    }
 
-        private _readHistorizing(): DataValue {
-            assert(typeof this.historizing === "boolean");
-            const options = {
-                statusCode: StatusCodes.Good,
-                value: { dataType: DataType.Boolean, value: !!this.historizing }
-            };
-            return new DataValue(options);
+    private _readMinimumSamplingInterval(): DataValue {
+        // expect a Duration => Double
+        const options: DataValueLike = {};
+        if (this.minimumSamplingInterval === undefined) {
+            options.statusCode = StatusCodes.BadAttributeIdInvalid;
+        } else {
+            options.value = { dataType: DataType.Double, value: this.minimumSamplingInterval };
+            options.statusCode = StatusCodes.Good;
         }
+        return new DataValue(options);
     }
 
-    // tslint:disable:no-var-requires
-    const thenify = require("thenify");
-    UAVariableImpl.prototype.asyncRefresh = thenify.withCallback(UAVariableImpl.prototype.asyncRefresh);
-    UAVariableImpl.prototype.writeValue = thenify.withCallback(UAVariableImpl.prototype.writeValue);
-    UAVariableImpl.prototype.writeAttribute = thenify.withCallback(UAVariableImpl.prototype.writeAttribute);
-    UAVariableImpl.prototype.historyRead = thenify.withCallback(UAVariableImpl.prototype.historyRead);
-    UAVariableImpl.prototype.readValueAsync = thenify.withCallback(UAVariableImpl.prototype.readValueAsync);
-
-    export interface UAVariableImplExtArray {
-        $$variableType?: UAVariableType;
-        $$dataType: UADataType;
-        $$getElementBrowseName: (extObject: ExtensionObject, index: number | number[]) => QualifiedName;
-        $$extensionObjectArray: ExtensionObject[];
-        $$indexPropertyName: string;
+    private _readHistorizing(): DataValue {
+        assert(typeof this.historizing === "boolean");
+        const options = {
+            statusCode: StatusCodes.Good,
+            value: { dataType: DataType.Boolean, value: !!this.historizing }
+        };
+        return new DataValue(options);
     }
-    export interface UAVariableImpl extends UAVariableImplExtArray {
+}
+
+// tslint:disable:no-var-requires
+const thenify = require("thenify");
+UAVariableImpl.prototype.asyncRefresh = thenify.withCallback(UAVariableImpl.prototype.asyncRefresh);
+UAVariableImpl.prototype.writeValue = thenify.withCallback(UAVariableImpl.prototype.writeValue);
+UAVariableImpl.prototype.writeAttribute = thenify.withCallback(UAVariableImpl.prototype.writeAttribute);
+UAVariableImpl.prototype.historyRead = thenify.withCallback(UAVariableImpl.prototype.historyRead);
+UAVariableImpl.prototype.readValueAsync = thenify.withCallback(UAVariableImpl.prototype.readValueAsync);
+
+export interface UAVariableImplExtArray {
+    $$variableType?: UAVariableType;
+    $$dataType: UADataType;
+    $$getElementBrowseName: (extObject: ExtensionObject, index: number | number[]) => QualifiedName;
+    $$extensionObjectArray: ExtensionObject[];
+    $$indexPropertyName: string;
+}
+export interface UAVariableImpl extends UAVariableImplExtArray {
+}
+function check_valid_array(dataType: DataType, array: any): boolean {
+    if (Array.isArray(array)) {
+        return true;
     }
-    function check_valid_array(dataType: DataType, array: any): boolean {
-        if (Array.isArray(array)) {
-            return true;
-        }
-        switch (dataType) {
-            case DataType.Double:
-                return array instanceof Float64Array;
-            case DataType.Float:
-                return array instanceof Float32Array;
-            case DataType.Int32:
-                return array instanceof Int32Array;
-            case DataType.Int16:
-                return array instanceof Int16Array;
-            case DataType.SByte:
-                return array instanceof Int8Array;
-            case DataType.UInt32:
-                return array instanceof Uint32Array;
-            case DataType.UInt16:
-                return array instanceof Uint16Array;
-            case DataType.Byte:
-                return array instanceof Uint8Array || array instanceof Buffer;
-        }
-        return false;
+    switch (dataType) {
+        case DataType.Double:
+            return array instanceof Float64Array;
+        case DataType.Float:
+            return array instanceof Float32Array;
+        case DataType.Int32:
+            return array instanceof Int32Array;
+        case DataType.Int16:
+            return array instanceof Int16Array;
+        case DataType.SByte:
+            return array instanceof Int8Array;
+        case DataType.UInt32:
+            return array instanceof Uint32Array;
+        case DataType.UInt16:
+            return array instanceof Uint16Array;
+        case DataType.Byte:
+            return array instanceof Uint8Array || array instanceof Buffer;
     }
+    return false;
+}
 
-    function _apply_default_timestamps(dataValue: DataValue): void {
-        const now = getCurrentClock();
-        assert(dataValue instanceof DataValue);
-
-        if (!dataValue.sourceTimestamp) {
-            dataValue.sourceTimestamp = now.timestamp;
-            dataValue.sourcePicoseconds = now.picoseconds;
-        }
-        if (!dataValue.serverTimestamp) {
-            dataValue.serverTimestamp = now.timestamp;
-            dataValue.serverPicoseconds = now.picoseconds;
-        }
-    }
+function _apply_default_timestamps(dataValue: DataValue): void {
+    const now = getCurrentClock();
+    assert(dataValue instanceof DataValue);
 
-    function unsetFlag(flags: number, mask: number): number {
-        return flags & ~mask;
+    if (!dataValue.sourceTimestamp) {
+        dataValue.sourceTimestamp = now.timestamp;
+        dataValue.sourcePicoseconds = now.picoseconds;
     }
-    function setFlag(flags: number, mask: number): number {
-        return flags | mask;
+    if (!dataValue.serverTimestamp) {
+        dataValue.serverTimestamp = now.timestamp;
+        dataValue.serverPicoseconds = now.picoseconds;
     }
-
-    function _calculateEffectiveUserAccessLevelFromPermission(
-        node: UAVariable,
-        context: ISessionContext,
-        userAccessLevel: AccessLevelFlag | undefined
+}
+
+function unsetFlag(flags: number, mask: number): number {
+    return flags & ~mask;
+}
+function setFlag(flags: number, mask: number): number {
+    return flags | mask;
+}
+
+function _calculateEffectiveUserAccessLevelFromPermission(
+    node: UAVariable,
+    context: ISessionContext,
+    userAccessLevel: AccessLevelFlag | undefined
+): AccessLevelFlag {
+    function __adjustFlag(
+        permissionType: PermissionType,
+        access: AccessLevelFlag,
+        userAccessLevel1: AccessLevelFlag
     ): AccessLevelFlag {
-        function __adjustFlag(
-            permissionType: PermissionType,
-            access: AccessLevelFlag,
-            userAccessLevel1: AccessLevelFlag
-        ): AccessLevelFlag {
-            if ((node.accessLevel & access) === 0 || (userAccessLevel1 & access) === 0) {
+        if ((node.accessLevel & access) === 0 || (userAccessLevel1 & access) === 0) {
+            userAccessLevel1 = unsetFlag(userAccessLevel1, access);
+        } else {
+            if (!context.checkPermission(node, permissionType)) {
                 userAccessLevel1 = unsetFlag(userAccessLevel1, access);
-            } else {
-                if (!context.checkPermission(node, permissionType)) {
-                    userAccessLevel1 = unsetFlag(userAccessLevel1, access);
-                }
             }
-            return userAccessLevel1;
-        }
-        userAccessLevel = node.userAccessLevel === undefined ? node.accessLevel : node.userAccessLevel & node.accessLevel;
-        if (context.checkPermission) {
-            assert(context.checkPermission instanceof Function);
-            userAccessLevel = __adjustFlag(PermissionType.Read, AccessLevelFlag.CurrentRead, userAccessLevel);
-            userAccessLevel = __adjustFlag(PermissionType.Write, AccessLevelFlag.CurrentWrite, userAccessLevel);
-            userAccessLevel = __adjustFlag(PermissionType.Write, AccessLevelFlag.StatusWrite, userAccessLevel);
-            userAccessLevel = __adjustFlag(PermissionType.Write, AccessLevelFlag.TimestampWrite, userAccessLevel);
-            userAccessLevel = __adjustFlag(PermissionType.ReadHistory, AccessLevelFlag.HistoryRead, userAccessLevel);
-            userAccessLevel = __adjustFlag(PermissionType.DeleteHistory, AccessLevelFlag.HistoryWrite, userAccessLevel);
-            return userAccessLevel;
-        } else {
-            return userAccessLevel;
         }
+        return userAccessLevel1;
     }
-
-    function adjustVariant2(this: UAVariableImpl, variant: Variant): Variant {
-        // convert Variant( Scalar|ByteString) =>  Variant(Array|ByteArray)
-        const addressSpace = this.addressSpace;
-        const basicType = this.getBasicDataType();
-        variant = adjustVariant(variant, this.valueRank, basicType);
-        return variant;
+    userAccessLevel = node.userAccessLevel === undefined ? node.accessLevel : node.userAccessLevel & node.accessLevel;
+    if (context.checkPermission) {
+        assert(context.checkPermission instanceof Function);
+        userAccessLevel = __adjustFlag(PermissionType.Read, AccessLevelFlag.CurrentRead, userAccessLevel);
+        userAccessLevel = __adjustFlag(PermissionType.Write, AccessLevelFlag.CurrentWrite, userAccessLevel);
+        userAccessLevel = __adjustFlag(PermissionType.Write, AccessLevelFlag.StatusWrite, userAccessLevel);
+        userAccessLevel = __adjustFlag(PermissionType.Write, AccessLevelFlag.TimestampWrite, userAccessLevel);
+        userAccessLevel = __adjustFlag(PermissionType.ReadHistory, AccessLevelFlag.HistoryRead, userAccessLevel);
+        userAccessLevel = __adjustFlag(PermissionType.DeleteHistory, AccessLevelFlag.HistoryWrite, userAccessLevel);
+        return userAccessLevel;
+    } else {
+        return userAccessLevel;
     }
-
-    function _not_writable_timestamped_set_func(
-        dataValue: DataValue,
-        callback: (err: Error | null, statusCode: StatusCode, dataValue?: DataValue | null) => void
-    ) {
-        assert(dataValue instanceof DataValue);
-        callback(null, StatusCodes.BadNotWritable, null);
+}
+
+function adjustVariant2(this: UAVariableImpl, variant: Variant): Variant {
+    // convert Variant( Scalar|ByteString) =>  Variant(Array|ByteArray)
+    const addressSpace = this.addressSpace;
+    const basicType = this.getBasicDataType();
+    variant = adjustVariant(variant, this.valueRank, basicType);
+    return variant;
+}
+
+function _not_writable_timestamped_set_func(
+    dataValue: DataValue,
+    callback: (err: Error | null, statusCode: StatusCode, dataValue?: DataValue | null) => void
+) {
+    assert(dataValue instanceof DataValue);
+    callback(null, StatusCodes.BadNotWritable, null);
+}
+
+function _default_writable_timestamped_set_func(
+    dataValue: DataValue,
+    callback: (err: Error | null, statusCode: StatusCode, dataValue?: DataValue | null) => void
+) {
+    assert(dataValue instanceof DataValue);
+    callback(null, StatusCodes.Good, dataValue);
+}
+
+function turn_sync_to_async<T, D, R>(f: (this: T, data: D) => R, numberOfArgs: number) {
+    if (f.length <= numberOfArgs) {
+        return function (this: T, data: D, callback: (err: Error | null, r?: R) => void) {
+            const r = f.call(this, data);
+            setImmediate(() => {
+                return callback(null, r);
+            });
+        };
+    } else {
+        assert(f.length === numberOfArgs + 1);
+        return f;
     }
+}
 
-    function _default_writable_timestamped_set_func(
-        dataValue: DataValue,
-        callback: (err: Error | null, statusCode: StatusCode, dataValue?: DataValue | null) => void
-    ) {
-        assert(dataValue instanceof DataValue);
-        callback(null, StatusCodes.Good, dataValue);
-    }
+const _default_minimumSamplingInterval = 1000;
 
-    function turn_sync_to_async<T, D, R>(f: (this: T, data: D) => R, numberOfArgs: number) {
-        if (f.length <= numberOfArgs) {
-            return function (this: T, data: D, callback: (err: Error | null, r?: R) => void) {
-                const r = f.call(this, data);
-                setImmediate(() => {
-                    return callback(null, r);
-                });
-            };
-        } else {
-            assert(f.length === numberOfArgs + 1);
-            return f;
-        }
+function coerceDataValue(dataValue: DataValue | DataValueLike): DataValue {
+    if (dataValue instanceof DataValue) {
+        return dataValue;
     }
+    return new DataValue(dataValue);
+}
 
-    const _default_minimumSamplingInterval = 1000;
+// variation #3 :
+function _Variable_bind_with_async_refresh(this: UAVariableImpl, options: any) {
+    /* jshint validthis: true */
+    assert(this instanceof UAVariableImpl);
 
-    function coerceDataValue(dataValue: DataValue | DataValueLike): DataValue {
-        if (dataValue instanceof DataValue) {
-            return dataValue;
-        }
-        return new DataValue(dataValue);
-    }
+    assert(typeof options.refreshFunc === "function");
+    assert(!options.get, "a getter shall not be specified when refreshFunc is set");
+    assert(!options.timestamped_get, "a getter shall not be specified when refreshFunc is set");
 
-    // variation #3 :
-    function _Variable_bind_with_async_refresh(this: UAVariableImpl, options: any) {
-        /* jshint validthis: true */
-        assert(this instanceof UAVariableImpl);
+    assert(!this.refreshFunc);
 
-        assert(typeof options.refreshFunc === "function");
-        assert(!options.get, "a getter shall not be specified when refreshFunc is set");
-        assert(!options.timestamped_get, "a getter shall not be specified when refreshFunc is set");
+    this.refreshFunc = options.refreshFunc;
 
-        assert(!this.refreshFunc);
-
-        this.refreshFunc = options.refreshFunc;
+    // TO DO : REVISIT THIS ASSUMPTION
+    if (false && this.minimumSamplingInterval === 0) {
+        // when a getter /timestamped_getter or async_getter is provided
+        // samplingInterval cannot be 0, as the item value must be scanned to be updated.
+        this.minimumSamplingInterval = _default_minimumSamplingInterval; // MonitoredItem.minimumSamplingInterval;
+        debugLog("adapting minimumSamplingInterval on " + this.browseName.toString() + " to " + this.minimumSamplingInterval);
+    }
+}
+
+// variation 2
+function _Variable_bind_with_timestamped_get(
+    this: UAVariableImpl,
+    options: {
+        get: undefined;
+        timestamped_get: TimestampGetFunc;
+    }
+) {
+    /* jshint validthis: true */
+    assert(this instanceof UAVariableImpl);
+    assert(typeof options.timestamped_get === "function");
+    assert(!options.get, "should not specify 'get' when 'timestamped_get' exists ");
+    assert(!this._timestamped_get_func);
+
+    const async_refresh_func = (callback: (err: Error | null, dataValue?: DataValue) => void) => {
+        Promise.resolve((this._timestamped_get_func! as VariableDataValueGetterSync).call(this))
+            .then((dataValue) => callback(null, dataValue))
+            .catch((err) => {
+                errorLog("asyncRefresh error: Variable is  ", this.nodeId.toString(), this.browseName.toString());
+                callback(err as Error);
+            });
+    };
+    const pThis = this as UAVariable;
+    if (options.timestamped_get.length === 0) {
+        const timestamped_get = options.timestamped_get as (this: UAVariable) => DataValue | Promise<DataValue>;
+        // sync version | Promise version
+        this._timestamped_get_func = timestamped_get;
+
+        const dataValue_verify = timestamped_get.call(pThis);
+        // dataValue_verify should be a DataValue or a Promise
+        /* istanbul ignore next */
+        if (!(dataValue_verify instanceof DataValue) && typeof dataValue_verify.then !== "function") {
+            errorLog(
+                chalk.red(" Bind variable error: "),
+                " the timestamped_get function must return a DataValue or a Promise<DataValue>" +
+                "\n value_check.constructor.name ",
+                dataValue_verify ? dataValue_verify.constructor.name : "null"
+            );
 
-        // TO DO : REVISIT THIS ASSUMPTION
-        if (false && this.minimumSamplingInterval === 0) {
-            // when a getter /timestamped_getter or async_getter is provided
-            // samplingInterval cannot be 0, as the item value must be scanned to be updated.
-            this.minimumSamplingInterval = _default_minimumSamplingInterval; // MonitoredItem.minimumSamplingInterval;
-            debugLog("adapting minimumSamplingInterval on " + this.browseName.toString() + " to " + this.minimumSamplingInterval);
+            throw new Error(" Bind variable error: " + " the timestamped_get function must return a DataValue");
         }
+        _Variable_bind_with_async_refresh.call(this, { refreshFunc: async_refresh_func });
+    } else if (options.timestamped_get.length === 1) {
+        _Variable_bind_with_async_refresh.call(this, { refreshFunc: options.timestamped_get });
+    } else {
+        errorLog("timestamped_get has a invalid number of argument , should be 0 or 1  ");
+        throw new Error("timestamped_get has a invalid number of argument , should be 0 or 1  ");
     }
+}
 
-    // variation 2
-    function _Variable_bind_with_timestamped_get(
-        this: UAVariableImpl,
-        options: {
-            get: undefined;
-            timestamped_get: TimestampGetFunc;
-        }
-    ) {
-        /* jshint validthis: true */
-        assert(this instanceof UAVariableImpl);
-        assert(typeof options.timestamped_get === "function");
-        assert(!options.get, "should not specify 'get' when 'timestamped_get' exists ");
-        assert(!this._timestamped_get_func);
+// variation 1
+function _Variable_bind_with_simple_get(this: UAVariableImpl, options: GetterOptions) {
+    /* jshint validthis: true */
+    assert(this instanceof UAVariableImpl);
+    assert(typeof options.get === "function", "should specify get function");
+    assert(options.get!.length === 0, "get function should not have arguments");
+    assert(!options.timestamped_get, "should not specify a timestamped_get function when get is specified");
+    assert(!this._timestamped_get_func);
+    assert(!this._get_func);
 
-        const async_refresh_func = (callback: (err: Error | null, dataValue?: DataValue) => void) => {
-            Promise.resolve((this._timestamped_get_func! as VariableDataValueGetterSync).call(this))
-                .then((dataValue) => callback(null, dataValue))
-                .catch((err) => {
-                    errorLog("asyncRefresh error: Variable is  ", this.nodeId.toString(), this.browseName.toString());
-                    callback(err as Error);
-                });
-        };
-        const pThis = this as UAVariable;
-        if (options.timestamped_get.length === 0) {
-            const timestamped_get = options.timestamped_get as (this: UAVariable) => DataValue | Promise<DataValue>;
-            // sync version | Promise version
-            this._timestamped_get_func = timestamped_get;
-
-            const dataValue_verify = timestamped_get.call(pThis);
-            // dataValue_verify should be a DataValue or a Promise
-            /* istanbul ignore next */
-            if (!(dataValue_verify instanceof DataValue) && typeof dataValue_verify.then !== "function") {
-                errorLog(
-                    chalk.red(" Bind variable error: "),
-                    " the timestamped_get function must return a DataValue or a Promise<DataValue>" +
-                    "\n value_check.constructor.name ",
-                    dataValue_verify ? dataValue_verify.constructor.name : "null"
-                );
+    this._get_func = options.get;
 
-                throw new Error(" Bind variable error: " + " the timestamped_get function must return a DataValue");
-            }
-            _Variable_bind_with_async_refresh.call(this, { refreshFunc: async_refresh_func });
-        } else if (options.timestamped_get.length === 1) {
-            _Variable_bind_with_async_refresh.call(this, { refreshFunc: options.timestamped_get });
+    const timestamped_get_func_from__Variable_bind_with_simple_get = () => {
+        const value: Variant | StatusCode = this._get_func();
+
+        /* istanbul ignore next */
+        if (!is_Variant_or_StatusCode(value)) {
+            errorLog(
+                chalk.red(" Bind variable error: "),
+                " : the getter must return a Variant or a StatusCode" + "\nvalue_check.constructor.name ",
+                value ? value.constructor.name : "null"
+            );
+            throw new Error(
+                " bindVariable : the value getter function returns a invalid result ( expecting a Variant or a StatusCode !!!"
+            );
+        }
+        if (is_StatusCode(value)) {
+            return new DataValue({ statusCode: value as StatusCode });
         } else {
-            errorLog("timestamped_get has a invalid number of argument , should be 0 or 1  ");
-            throw new Error("timestamped_get has a invalid number of argument , should be 0 or 1  ");
+            if (!this.$dataValue || !this.$dataValue.statusCode.isGoodish() || !sameVariant(this.$dataValue.value, value as Variant)) {
+                this._inner_replace_dataValue(new DataValue({ value }));
+            }
+            return this.$dataValue;
         }
-    }
+    };
+
+    _Variable_bind_with_timestamped_get.call(this, {
+        get: undefined,
+        timestamped_get: timestamped_get_func_from__Variable_bind_with_simple_get
+    });
+}
 
-    // variation 1
-    function _Variable_bind_with_simple_get(this: UAVariableImpl, options: GetterOptions) {
-        /* jshint validthis: true */
-        assert(this instanceof UAVariableImpl);
-        assert(typeof options.get === "function", "should specify get function");
-        assert(options.get!.length === 0, "get function should not have arguments");
-        assert(!options.timestamped_get, "should not specify a timestamped_get function when get is specified");
-        assert(!this._timestamped_get_func);
-        assert(!this._get_func);
+function _Variable_bind_with_simple_set(this: UAVariableImpl, options: any) {
+    assert(this instanceof UAVariableImpl);
+    assert(typeof options.set === "function", "should specify set function");
+    assert(!options.timestamped_set, "should not specify a timestamped_set function");
 
-        this._get_func = options.get;
+    assert(!this._timestamped_set_func);
+    assert(!this._set_func);
 
-        const timestamped_get_func_from__Variable_bind_with_simple_get = () => {
-            const value: Variant | StatusCode = this._get_func();
+    this._set_func = turn_sync_to_async(options.set, 1);
+    assert(this._set_func.length === 2, " set function must have 2 arguments ( variant, callback)");
 
-            /* istanbul ignore next */
-            if (!is_Variant_or_StatusCode(value)) {
+    this._timestamped_set_func = (
+        timestamped_value: DataValue,
+        callback: (err: Error | null, statusCode: StatusCode, dataValue: DataValue) => void
+    ) => {
+        assert(timestamped_value instanceof DataValue);
+        this._set_func(timestamped_value.value, (err: Error | null, statusCode: StatusCode) => {
+            // istanbul ignore next
+            if (!err && !statusCode) {
                 errorLog(
-                    chalk.red(" Bind variable error: "),
-                    " : the getter must return a Variant or a StatusCode" + "\nvalue_check.constructor.name ",
-                    value ? value.constructor.name : "null"
+                    chalk.red("UAVariable Binding Error _set_func must return a StatusCode, check the bindVariable parameters")
                 );
-                throw new Error(
-                    " bindVariable : the value getter function returns a invalid result ( expecting a Variant or a StatusCode !!!"
-                );
-            }
-            if (is_StatusCode(value)) {
-                return new DataValue({ statusCode: value as StatusCode });
-            } else {
-                if (!this.$dataValue || !this.$dataValue.statusCode.isGoodish() || !sameVariant(this.$dataValue.value, value as Variant)) {
-                    this._inner_replace_dataValue(new DataValue({ value }));
-                }
-                return this.$dataValue;
+                errorLog(chalk.yellow("StatusCode.Good is assumed"));
+                return callback(err, StatusCodes.Good, timestamped_value);
             }
-        };
-
-        _Variable_bind_with_timestamped_get.call(this, {
-            get: undefined,
-            timestamped_get: timestamped_get_func_from__Variable_bind_with_simple_get
+            callback(err, statusCode, timestamped_value);
         });
+    };
+}
+
+function _Variable_bind_with_timestamped_set(
+    this: UAVariableImpl,
+    options: {
+        timestamped_set: TimestampSetFunc;
+        set: undefined;
     }
-
-    function _Variable_bind_with_simple_set(this: UAVariableImpl, options: any) {
-        assert(this instanceof UAVariableImpl);
-        assert(typeof options.set === "function", "should specify set function");
-        assert(!options.timestamped_set, "should not specify a timestamped_set function");
-
-        assert(!this._timestamped_set_func);
-        assert(!this._set_func);
-
-        this._set_func = turn_sync_to_async(options.set, 1);
-        assert(this._set_func.length === 2, " set function must have 2 arguments ( variant, callback)");
-
-        this._timestamped_set_func = (
-            timestamped_value: DataValue,
-            callback: (err: Error | null, statusCode: StatusCode, dataValue: DataValue) => void
-        ) => {
-            assert(timestamped_value instanceof DataValue);
-            this._set_func(timestamped_value.value, (err: Error | null, statusCode: StatusCode) => {
-                // istanbul ignore next
-                if (!err && !statusCode) {
-                    errorLog(
-                        chalk.red("UAVariable Binding Error _set_func must return a StatusCode, check the bindVariable parameters")
-                    );
-                    errorLog(chalk.yellow("StatusCode.Good is assumed"));
-                    return callback(err, StatusCodes.Good, timestamped_value);
-                }
-                callback(err, statusCode, timestamped_value);
-            });
-        };
+) {
+    assert(
+        options.timestamped_set.length === 2 || options.timestamped_set.length === 1,
+        "timestamped_set must have 2 parameters  timestamped_set: function(dataValue,callback){} or one paramater  timestamped_set: function(dataValue): Promise<StatusCode>{}"
+    );
+    assert(!options.set, "should not specify set when timestamped_set_func exists ");
+    this._timestamped_set_func = convertToCallbackFunction1<StatusCode, DataValue, UAVariable>(options.timestamped_set);
+}
+
+interface SetterOptions {
+    set?: SetFunc;
+    timestamped_set?: TimestampSetFunc;
+    timestamped_get?: TimestampGetFunc;
+}
+function bind_setter(this: UAVariableImpl, options: SetterOptions) {
+    if (typeof options.set === "function") {
+        // variation 1
+        _Variable_bind_with_simple_set.call(this, options);
+    } else if (typeof options.timestamped_set === "function") {
+        // variation 2
+        assert(typeof options.timestamped_get === "function", "timestamped_set must be used with timestamped_get ");
+        _Variable_bind_with_timestamped_set.call(this, {
+            set: undefined,
+            timestamped_set: options.timestamped_set
+        });
+    } else if (typeof options.timestamped_get === "function") {
+        // timestamped_get is  specified but timestamped_set is not
+        // => Value is read-only
+        _Variable_bind_with_timestamped_set.call(this, {
+            set: undefined,
+            timestamped_set: _not_writable_timestamped_set_func
+        });
+    } else {
+        _Variable_bind_with_timestamped_set.call(this, {
+            set: undefined,
+            timestamped_set: _default_writable_timestamped_set_func
+        });
     }
-
-    function _Variable_bind_with_timestamped_set(
-        this: UAVariableImpl,
-        options: {
-            timestamped_set: TimestampSetFunc;
-            set: undefined;
-        }
-    ) {
+}
+
+interface GetterOptions {
+    get?: GetFunc;
+    timestamped_get?: TimestampGetFunc;
+    refreshFunc?: (callback: CallbackT<DataValue>) => void;
+    dataType?: DataType | string;
+    value?: any;
+}
+function bind_getter(this: UAVariableImpl, options: GetterOptions) {
+    if (typeof options.get === "function") {
+        // variation 1
+        _Variable_bind_with_simple_get.call(this, options);
+    } else if (typeof options.timestamped_get === "function") {
+        // variation 2
+        _Variable_bind_with_timestamped_get.call(this, {
+            get: undefined,
+            timestamped_get: options.timestamped_get
+        });
+    } else if (typeof options.refreshFunc === "function") {
+        // variation 3
+        _Variable_bind_with_async_refresh.call(this, options);
+    } else {
         assert(
-            options.timestamped_set.length === 2 || options.timestamped_set.length === 1,
-            "timestamped_set must have 2 parameters  timestamped_set: function(dataValue,callback){} or one paramater  timestamped_set: function(dataValue): Promise<StatusCode>{}"
+            !Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(options, "set"),
+            "getter is missing : a getter must be provided if a setter is provided"
         );
-        assert(!options.set, "should not specify set when timestamped_set_func exists ");
-        this._timestamped_set_func = convertToCallbackFunction1<StatusCode, DataValue, UAVariable>(options.timestamped_set);
-    }
-
-    interface SetterOptions {
-        set?: SetFunc;
-        timestamped_set?: TimestampSetFunc;
-        timestamped_get?: TimestampGetFunc;
-    }
-    function bind_setter(this: UAVariableImpl, options: SetterOptions) {
-        if (typeof options.set === "function") {
-            // variation 1
-            _Variable_bind_with_simple_set.call(this, options);
-        } else if (typeof options.timestamped_set === "function") {
-            // variation 2
-            assert(typeof options.timestamped_get === "function", "timestamped_set must be used with timestamped_get ");
-            _Variable_bind_with_timestamped_set.call(this, {
-                set: undefined,
-                timestamped_set: options.timestamped_set
-            });
-        } else if (typeof options.timestamped_get === "function") {
-            // timestamped_get is  specified but timestamped_set is not
-            // => Value is read-only
-            _Variable_bind_with_timestamped_set.call(this, {
-                set: undefined,
-                timestamped_set: _not_writable_timestamped_set_func
-            });
-        } else {
-            _Variable_bind_with_timestamped_set.call(this, {
-                set: undefined,
-                timestamped_set: _default_writable_timestamped_set_func
-            });
+        // xx bind_variant.call(this,options);
+        if (options.dataType !== undefined) {
+            // if (options.dataType !== DataType.ExtensionObject) {
+            this.setValueFromSource(options as VariantLike);
+            // }
         }
     }
-
-    interface GetterOptions {
-        get?: GetFunc;
-        timestamped_get?: TimestampGetFunc;
-        refreshFunc?: (callback: CallbackT<DataValue>) => void;
-        dataType?: DataType | string;
-        value?: any;
-    }
-    function bind_getter(this: UAVariableImpl, options: GetterOptions) {
-        if (typeof options.get === "function") {
-            // variation 1
-            _Variable_bind_with_simple_get.call(this, options);
-        } else if (typeof options.timestamped_get === "function") {
-            // variation 2
-            _Variable_bind_with_timestamped_get.call(this, {
-                get: undefined,
-                timestamped_get: options.timestamped_get
-            });
-        } else if (typeof options.refreshFunc === "function") {
-            // variation 3
-            _Variable_bind_with_async_refresh.call(this, options);
-        } else {
-            assert(
-                !Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(options, "set"),
-                "getter is missing : a getter must be provided if a setter is provided"
-            );
-            // xx bind_variant.call(this,options);
-            if (options.dataType !== undefined) {
-                // if (options.dataType !== DataType.ExtensionObject) {
-                this.setValueFromSource(options as VariantLike);
-                // }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    export interface UAVariableImplT<T, DT extends DataType> extends UAVariableImpl, UAVariableT<T, DT> {
-        on(): any;
-        once(): any;
-        readValueAsync(context: ISessionContext | null): Promise<DataValueT<T, DT>>;
-        readValueAsync(context: ISessionContext | null, callback: CallbackT<DataValueT<T, DT>>): void;
-
-        readValue(
-            context?: ISessionContext | null,
-            indexRange?: NumericRange,
-            dataEncoding?: QualifiedNameLike | null
-        ): DataValueT<T, DT>;
-
-        readValue(
-            context?: ISessionContext | null,
-            indexRange?: NumericRange,
-            dataEncoding?: QualifiedNameLike | null
-        ): DataValueT<T, DT>;
-
-        writeValue(
-            context: ISessionContext,
-            dataValue: DataValueT<T, DT>,
-            indexRange: NumericRange | null,
-            callback: StatusCodeCallback
-        ): void;
-        writeValue(context: ISessionContext, dataValue: DataValueT<T, DT>, callback: StatusCodeCallback): void;
-        writeValue(context: ISessionContext, dataValue: DataValueT<T, DT>, indexRange?: NumericRange | null): Promise<StatusCode>;
-    }
-    export class UAVariableImplT<T, DT extends DataType> extends UAVariableImpl { }
+}
+
+export interface UAVariableImplT<T, DT extends DataType> extends UAVariableImpl, UAVariableT<T, DT> {
+    on(): any;
+    once(): any;
+    readValueAsync(context: ISessionContext | null): Promise<DataValueT<T, DT>>;
+    readValueAsync(context: ISessionContext | null, callback: CallbackT<DataValueT<T, DT>>): void;
+
+    readValue(
+        context?: ISessionContext | null,
+        indexRange?: NumericRange,
+        dataEncoding?: QualifiedNameLike | null
+    ): DataValueT<T, DT>;
+
+    readValue(
+        context?: ISessionContext | null,
+        indexRange?: NumericRange,
+        dataEncoding?: QualifiedNameLike | null
+    ): DataValueT<T, DT>;
+
+    writeValue(
+        context: ISessionContext,
+        dataValue: DataValueT<T, DT>,
+        indexRange: NumericRange | null,
+        callback: StatusCodeCallback
+    ): void;
+    writeValue(context: ISessionContext, dataValue: DataValueT<T, DT>, callback: StatusCodeCallback): void;
+    writeValue(context: ISessionContext, dataValue: DataValueT<T, DT>, indexRange?: NumericRange | null): Promise<StatusCode>;
+}
+export class UAVariableImplT<T, DT extends DataType> extends UAVariableImpl { }