node-opcua-address-space 2.179.0 → 2.181.0

package/dist/impl/ua_variable_impl.js

@@ -0,0 +1,2001 @@
+"use strict";
+var __importDefault = (this && this.__importDefault) || function (mod) {
+    return (mod && mod.__esModule) ? mod : { "default": mod };
+};
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+exports.UAVariableImplT = exports.UAVariableImpl = void 0;
+exports.adjust_accessLevel = adjust_accessLevel;
+exports.adjust_userAccessLevel = adjust_userAccessLevel;
+/**
+ * @module node-opcua-address-space
+ */
+const node_util_1 = require("node:util");
+const chalk_1 = __importDefault(require("chalk"));
+const node_opcua_address_space_base_1 = require("node-opcua-address-space-base");
+const node_opcua_assert_1 = require("node-opcua-assert");
+const node_opcua_data_model_1 = require("node-opcua-data-model");
+const node_opcua_data_value_1 = require("node-opcua-data-value");
+const node_opcua_date_time_1 = require("node-opcua-date-time");
+const node_opcua_debug_1 = require("node-opcua-debug");
+const node_opcua_extension_object_1 = require("node-opcua-extension-object");
+const node_opcua_nodeid_1 = require("node-opcua-nodeid");
+const node_opcua_numeric_range_1 = require("node-opcua-numeric-range");
+const node_opcua_service_write_1 = require("node-opcua-service-write");
+const node_opcua_status_code_1 = require("node-opcua-status-code");
+const node_opcua_types_1 = require("node-opcua-types");
+const node_opcua_variant_1 = require("node-opcua-variant");
+const multiform_func_js_1 = require("../api/helpers/multiform_func.js");
+const session_context_js_1 = require("../api/session_context.js");
+const apply_condition_refresh_js_1 = require("./apply_condition_refresh.js");
+const base_node_impl_js_1 = require("./base_node_impl.js");
+const base_node_private_js_1 = require("./base_node_private.js");
+const adjust_datavalue_status_code_js_1 = require("./data_access/adjust_datavalue_status_code.js");
+const get_basic_datatype_js_1 = require("./get_basic_datatype.js");
+const ua_data_type_impl_js_1 = require("./ua_data_type_impl.js");
+const ua_variable_impl_ext_obj_js_1 = require("./ua_variable_impl_ext_obj.js");
+const validate_data_type_correctness_js_1 = require("./validate_data_type_correctness.js");
+const debugLog = (0, node_opcua_debug_1.make_debugLog)("ua_variable_impl");
+const warningLog = (0, node_opcua_debug_1.make_warningLog)("ua_variable_impl");
+const doDebug = (0, node_opcua_debug_1.checkDebugFlag)("ua_variable_impl");
+const errorLog = (0, node_opcua_debug_1.make_errorLog)("ua_variable_impl");
+const plainChalk = new Proxy(chalk_1.default, { get: () => (s) => s });
+function adjust_accessLevel(accessLevel) {
+    const flag = (0, node_opcua_data_model_1.makeAccessLevelFlag)(accessLevel ?? "CurrentRead | CurrentWrite");
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(Number.isFinite(flag));
+    return flag;
+}
+function adjust_userAccessLevel(userAccessLevel, accessLevel) {
+    if (userAccessLevel === undefined) {
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    userAccessLevel = adjust_accessLevel(userAccessLevel);
+    accessLevel = adjust_accessLevel(accessLevel);
+    return (0, node_opcua_data_model_1.makeAccessLevelFlag)(accessLevel & userAccessLevel);
+}
+function adjust_samplingInterval(minimumSamplingInterval) {
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(Number.isFinite(minimumSamplingInterval));
+    if (minimumSamplingInterval < 0) {
+        return -1; // only -1 is a valid negative value for samplingInterval and means "unspecified"
+    }
+    return minimumSamplingInterval;
+}
+function is_Variant(v) {
+    return v instanceof node_opcua_variant_1.Variant;
+}
+function is_StatusCode(v) {
+    return !!(v?.constructor &&
+        (v instanceof node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCode ||
+            v.constructor.name === "ConstantStatusCode" ||
+            v.constructor.name === "StatusCode" ||
+            v.constructor.name === "ModifiableStatusCode"));
+}
+function is_Variant_or_StatusCode(v) {
+    if (is_Variant(v)) {
+        // /@@assert(v.isValid());
+    }
+    return is_Variant(v) || is_StatusCode(v);
+}
+function default_func(dataValue1, callback1) {
+    return _default_writable_timestamped_set_func.call(this, dataValue1, callback1);
+}
+/**
+ * A OPCUA Variable Node
+ *
+ * @class UAVariable
+ * @constructor
+ * @extends  BaseNode
+ *  The AccessLevel Attribute is used to indicate how the Value of a Variable can be accessed (read/write) and if it
+ *  contains current and/or historic data. The AccessLevel does not take any user access rights into account,
+ *  i.e. although the Variable is writable this may be restricted to a certain user / user group.
+ *  The AccessLevel is an 8-bit unsigned integer with the structure defined in the following table:
+ *
+ *  Field            Bit    Description
+ *  CurrentRead      0      Indicates if the current value is readable
+ *                          (0 means not readable, 1 means readable).
+ *  CurrentWrite     1      Indicates if the current value is writable
+ *                          (0 means not writable, 1 means writable).
+ *  HistoryRead      2      Indicates if the history of the value is readable
+ *                          (0 means not readable, 1 means readable).
+ *  HistoryWrite     3      Indicates if the history of the value is writable (0 means not writable, 1 means writable).
+ *  SemanticChange   4      Indicates if the Variable used as Property generates SemanticChangeEvents (see 9.31).
+ *  Reserved         5:7    Reserved for future use. Shall always be zero.
+ *
+ *  The first two bits also indicate if a current value of this Variable is available and the second two bits
+ *  indicates if the history of the Variable is available via the OPC UA server.
+ *
+ */
+class UAVariableImpl extends base_node_impl_js_1.BaseNodeImpl {
+    // -------------- UAvaraibleImplExArray
+    $$variableType;
+    $$dataType = undefined;
+    $$getElementBrowseName;
+    $$extensionObjectArray;
+    $$indexPropertyName;
+    // --------------
+    nodeClass = node_opcua_data_model_1.NodeClass.Variable;
+    dataType;
+    _basicDataType;
+    // narrowing this to ExtensionObject breaks declaration-merging in ua_two_state_variable.ts and elsewhere
+    // (concrete *T variants bind $extensionObject to a different, more specific shape) — see the matching
+    // comment on UAVariable.$extensionObject in node-opcua-address-space-base for the documented precedent.
+    // biome-ignore lint/suspicious/noExplicitAny: see comment above
+    $extensionObject;
+    $set_ExtensionObject;
+    $historicalDataConfiguration;
+    varHistorian;
+    /**
+     * @internal @private
+     */
+    $dataValue;
+    accessLevel;
+    userAccessLevel;
+    valueRank;
+    minimumSamplingInterval;
+    historizing;
+    semantic_version;
+    arrayDimensions;
+    _timestamped_get_func;
+    _timestamped_set_func;
+    _get_func;
+    _set_func;
+    refreshFunc;
+    __waiting_callbacks;
+    get typeDefinitionObj() {
+        // c8 ignore next
+        if (super.typeDefinitionObj && super.typeDefinitionObj.nodeClass !== node_opcua_data_model_1.NodeClass.VariableType) {
+            // this could happen in faulty external nodeset and has been seen once
+            // in an nano server
+            warningLog(super.typeDefinitionObj.toString());
+            const baseVariableType = this.addressSpace.findVariableType("BaseVariableType");
+            if (!baseVariableType)
+                throw new Error("Cannot find BaseVariableType in address space");
+            return baseVariableType;
+        }
+        return super.typeDefinitionObj;
+    }
+    get typeDefinition() {
+        return super.typeDefinition;
+    }
+    constructor(options) {
+        super(options);
+        (0, node_opcua_variant_1.verifyRankAndDimensions)(options);
+        this.valueRank = options.valueRank ?? -1;
+        this.arrayDimensions = options.arrayDimensions ?? null;
+        this.dataType = this.resolveNodeId(options.dataType); // DataType (NodeId)
+        this.accessLevel = adjust_accessLevel(options.accessLevel);
+        this.userAccessLevel = adjust_userAccessLevel(options.userAccessLevel, this.accessLevel);
+        this.minimumSamplingInterval = adjust_samplingInterval(options.minimumSamplingInterval || 0);
+        this.historizing = !!options.historizing; // coerced to boolean"
+        // a Variant built from null takes the constructor's short path; the options form costs twice as much
+        this.$dataValue = new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue({ statusCode: node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.UncertainInitialValue, value: new node_opcua_variant_1.Variant(null) });
+        if (options.value) {
+            this.bindVariable(options.value);
+        }
+        this.setMaxListeners(5000);
+        this.semantic_version = 0;
+    }
+    checkAccessLevelPrivate(_context, accessLevel) {
+        if (this.userAccessLevel === undefined) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return (this.userAccessLevel & accessLevel) === accessLevel;
+    }
+    checkPermissionPrivate(context, permission) {
+        if (!context)
+            return true;
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(context instanceof session_context_js_1.SessionContext);
+        if (context.checkPermission) {
+            if (!(context.checkPermission instanceof Function)) {
+                errorLog("context checkPermission is not a function");
+                return false;
+            }
+            if (!context.checkPermission(this, permission)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+    checkPermissionAndAccessLevelPrivate(context, permission, accessLevel) {
+        if (!this.checkPermissionPrivate(context, permission)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return this.checkAccessLevelPrivate(context, accessLevel);
+    }
+    isReadable(_context) {
+        return (this.accessLevel & node_opcua_data_model_1.AccessLevelFlag.CurrentRead) === node_opcua_data_model_1.AccessLevelFlag.CurrentRead;
+    }
+    isUserReadable(context) {
+        if (!this.isReadable(context)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (!this.checkPermissionPrivate(context, node_opcua_types_1.PermissionType.Read)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return this.checkAccessLevelPrivate(context, node_opcua_data_model_1.AccessLevelFlag.CurrentRead);
+    }
+    isWritable(_context) {
+        return (this.accessLevel & node_opcua_data_model_1.AccessLevelFlag.CurrentWrite) === node_opcua_data_model_1.AccessLevelFlag.CurrentWrite;
+    }
+    isUserWritable(context) {
+        if (!this.isWritable(context)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return this.checkPermissionAndAccessLevelPrivate(context, node_opcua_types_1.PermissionType.Write, node_opcua_data_model_1.AccessLevelFlag.CurrentWrite);
+    }
+    canUserReadHistory(context) {
+        return this.checkPermissionAndAccessLevelPrivate(context, node_opcua_types_1.PermissionType.ReadHistory, node_opcua_data_model_1.AccessLevelFlag.HistoryRead);
+    }
+    canUserWriteHistorizingAttribute(context) {
+        if (context && !context.checkPermission(this, node_opcua_types_1.PermissionType.WriteHistorizing)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+    canUserInsertHistory(context) {
+        return this.checkPermissionAndAccessLevelPrivate(context, node_opcua_types_1.PermissionType.InsertHistory, node_opcua_data_model_1.AccessLevelFlag.HistoryWrite);
+    }
+    canUserModifyHistory(context) {
+        return this.checkPermissionAndAccessLevelPrivate(context, node_opcua_types_1.PermissionType.ModifyHistory, node_opcua_data_model_1.AccessLevelFlag.HistoryWrite);
+    }
+    canUserDeleteHistory(context) {
+        return this.checkPermissionAndAccessLevelPrivate(context, node_opcua_types_1.PermissionType.DeleteHistory, node_opcua_data_model_1.AccessLevelFlag.HistoryWrite);
+    }
+    /**
+     *
+     *
+     * from OPC.UA.Spec 1.02 part 4
+     *  5.10.2.4 StatusCodes
+     *  Table 51 defines values for the operation level statusCode contained in the DataValue structure of
+     *  each values element. Common StatusCodes are defined in Table 166.
+     *
+     * Table 51 Read Operation Level Result Codes
+     *
+     * | Symbolic Id                 | Description
+     * |-----------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+     * |BadNodeIdInvalid             | The syntax of the node id is not valid.|
+     * |BadNodeIdUnknown            |The node id refers to a node that does not exist in the server address space.|
+     * |BadAttributeIdInvalid      | BadAttributeIdInvalid The attribute is not supported for the specified node.|
+     * |BadIndexRangeInvalid       | The syntax of the index range parameter is invalid.|
+     * |BadIndexRangeNoData        | No data exists within the range of indexes specified.|
+     * |BadDataEncodingInvalid     | The data encoding is invalid.|
+     * |                           | This result is used if no dataEncoding can be applied because an Attribute other|
+     * |                           | than Value was requested or the DataType of the Value Attribute is not a subtype|
+     * |                           | of the Structure DataType.|
+     * |BadDataEncodingUnsupported | The server does not support the requested data encoding for the node. |
+     * |                           | This result is used if a dataEncoding can be applied but the passed data encoding |
+     * |                           | is not known to the Server. |
+     * |BadNotReadable             | The access level does not allow reading or subscribing to the Node.|
+     * |BadUserAccessDenied        | User does not have permission to perform the requested operation. (table 165)|
+     */
+    readValue(context, indexRange, dataEncoding) {
+        if (!context) {
+            context = session_context_js_1.SessionContext.defaultContext;
+        }
+        if (context.isAccessRestricted(this)) {
+            return new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue({ statusCode: node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadSecurityModeInsufficient });
+        }
+        if (!this.isReadable(context)) {
+            return new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue({ statusCode: node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadNotReadable });
+        }
+        if (!this.checkPermissionPrivate(context, node_opcua_types_1.PermissionType.Read)) {
+            return new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue({ statusCode: node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadUserAccessDenied });
+        }
+        if (!this.isUserReadable(context)) {
+            return new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue({ statusCode: node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadNotReadable });
+        }
+        if (!(0, node_opcua_data_model_1.isValidDataEncoding)(dataEncoding)) {
+            // Table 51: no encoding can be applied to a non-Structure value. The CTT
+            // (Attribute Read 037) still expects the requested timestamps on this Bad
+            // result, and a DataValue may carry them whatever its status.
+            return (0, node_opcua_data_value_1.makeNowDataValue)({ statusCode: node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadDataEncodingInvalid });
+        }
+        if (this._timestamped_get_func) {
+            if (this._timestamped_get_func.length === 0) {
+                const dataValueOrPromise = this._timestamped_get_func();
+                if (!Object.hasOwn(dataValueOrPromise.constructor.prototype, "then")) {
+                    if (dataValueOrPromise !== this.$dataValue) {
+                        // we may have a problem here if we use a getter that returns a dataValue that is a ExtensionObject
+                        if (dataValueOrPromise.value?.dataType === node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.ExtensionObject) {
+                            if (this.$extensionObject || this.$$extensionObjectArray) {
+                                // we have an extension object already bound to this node
+                                // the client is asking us to replace the object entirely by a new one
+                                // const ext = dataValue.value.value;
+                                this._internal_set_dataValue(dataValueOrPromise);
+                                return dataValueOrPromise;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        // TO DO : is this necessary ? this may interfere with current use of $dataValue
+                        this.$dataValue = dataValueOrPromise;
+                        if (this.$dataValue.statusCode.isGoodish()) {
+                            this.verifyVariantCompatibility(this.$dataValue.value);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                else {
+                    errorLog("[NODE-OPCUA-E28] Unsupported: _timestamped_get_func returns a Promise ! , when the uaVariable has an async getter. Fix your application code.");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        let dataValue = this.$dataValue;
+        if (dataValue.statusCode.isGoodish()) {
+            // note : extractRange will clone the dataValue
+            dataValue = (0, node_opcua_data_value_1.extractRange)(dataValue, indexRange);
+        }
+        /* c8 ignore next */
+        if (dataValue.statusCode.equals(node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadWaitingForInitialData) ||
+            dataValue.statusCode.equals(node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.UncertainInitialValue)) {
+            // c8 ignore next
+            doDebug &&
+                debugLog(chalk_1.default.red(" Warning:  UAVariable#readValue ") +
+                    chalk_1.default.cyan(this.browseName.toString()) +
+                    " (" +
+                    chalk_1.default.yellow(this.nodeId.toString()) +
+                    ") exists but dataValue has not been defined");
+        }
+        return dataValue;
+    }
+    isEnumeration() {
+        return this.addressSpacePrivate.isEnumeration(this.dataType);
+    }
+    /**
+     * return true if the DataType is of type Extension object
+     * this is not taking into account the valueRank of the variable
+     */
+    isExtensionObject() {
+        // DataType must be one of Structure
+        if (this.dataType.isEmpty())
+            return false;
+        const dataTypeNode = this.addressSpace.findDataType(this.dataType);
+        if (!dataTypeNode) {
+            throw new Error(` Cannot find  DataType  ${this.dataType.toString()} in standard address Space`);
+        }
+        const structureNode = this.addressSpace.findDataType("Structure");
+        if (!structureNode) {
+            throw new Error(" Cannot find 'Structure' DataType in standard address Space");
+        }
+        return dataTypeNode.isSubtypeOf(structureNode);
+    }
+    _getEnumerationInfo() {
+        // DataType must be one of Enumeration
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(this.isEnumeration(), "Variable is not an enumeration");
+        const dataTypeNode = this.addressSpace.findDataType(this.dataType);
+        return dataTypeNode._getEnumerationInfo();
+    }
+    asyncRefresh(oldestDate, callback) {
+        // asyncRefresh is always invoked with a callback at runtime: the public overload without
+        // a callback is only reachable through the withCallback() wrapper installed below, which
+        // synthesizes one before calling into this implementation.
+        const cb = callback;
+        if (this.$dataValue.statusCode.isGoodish()) {
+            this.verifyVariantCompatibility(this.$dataValue.value);
+        }
+        const lessOrEqual = (a, b) => {
+            return (a.timestamp.getTime() < b.timestamp.getTime() ||
+                (a.timestamp.getTime() === b.timestamp.getTime() && a.picoseconds <= b.picoseconds));
+        };
+        if (!this.refreshFunc) {
+            // no refresh func
+            const dataValue = this.readValue();
+            dataValue.serverTimestamp = oldestDate.timestamp;
+            dataValue.serverPicoseconds = oldestDate.picoseconds;
+            const serverClock = (0, node_opcua_date_time_1.coerceClock)(dataValue.serverTimestamp, dataValue.serverPicoseconds);
+            if (lessOrEqual(oldestDate, serverClock)) {
+                cb(null, dataValue);
+                return;
+            }
+            else {
+                // fake
+                cb(null, dataValue);
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+        const c1 = this.$dataValue.serverTimestamp
+            ? (0, node_opcua_date_time_1.coerceClock)(this.$dataValue.serverTimestamp, this.$dataValue.serverPicoseconds)
+            : null;
+        if (c1 && lessOrEqual(oldestDate, c1)) {
+            const dataValue = this.readValue().clone();
+            dataValue.serverTimestamp = oldestDate.timestamp;
+            dataValue.serverPicoseconds = oldestDate.picoseconds;
+            cb(null, dataValue);
+            return;
+        }
+        try {
+            this.refreshFunc.call(this, (err, dataValue) => {
+                // c8 ignore next
+                if (err || !dataValue) {
+                    errorLog("-------------- refresh call failed", this.browseName.toString(), this.nodeId.toString(), err?.message);
+                    dataValue = { statusCode: node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadNoDataAvailable };
+                }
+                if (dataValue && dataValue !== this.$dataValue) {
+                    this._internal_set_dataValue(coerceDataValue(dataValue), null);
+                }
+                cb(err, this.$dataValue);
+            });
+        }
+        catch (err) {
+            errorLog("-------------- refresh call failed 2", this.browseName.toString(), this.nodeId.toString());
+            errorLog(err);
+            const dataValue = new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue({ statusCode: node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadInternalError });
+            this._internal_set_dataValue(dataValue, null);
+            cb(err, this.$dataValue);
+        }
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    readEnumValue() {
+        const value = this.readValue().value.value;
+        const enumInfo = this._getEnumerationInfo();
+        const enumV = enumInfo.valueIndex[value];
+        return { value, name: enumV ? enumV.name : "?????" };
+    }
+    writeEnumValue(value) {
+        const enumInfo = this._getEnumerationInfo();
+        if (typeof value === "string") {
+            if (!Object.hasOwn(enumInfo.nameIndex, value)) {
+                const possibleValues = Object.keys(enumInfo.nameIndex).join(",");
+                throw new Error(`UAVariable#writeEnumValue: cannot find value ${value} in [${possibleValues}]`);
+            }
+            const valueIndex = enumInfo.nameIndex[value].value;
+            value = valueIndex;
+        }
+        if (Number.isFinite(value)) {
+            const possibleValues = Object.keys(enumInfo.nameIndex).join(",");
+            if (!enumInfo.valueIndex[value]) {
+                throw new Error(`UAVariable#writeEnumValue : value out of range ${value} in [${possibleValues}]`);
+            }
+            this.setValueFromSource({
+                dataType: node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.Int32,
+                value
+            });
+        }
+        else {
+            throw new Error("UAVariable#writeEnumValue:  value type mismatch");
+        }
+    }
+    readAttribute(context, attributeId, indexRange, dataEncoding) {
+        context = context || session_context_js_1.SessionContext.defaultContext;
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(context instanceof session_context_js_1.SessionContext);
+        const options = {};
+        if (attributeId !== node_opcua_data_model_1.AttributeIds.Value) {
+            if (indexRange?.isDefined()) {
+                options.statusCode = node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadIndexRangeNoData;
+                return new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue(options);
+            }
+            if ((0, node_opcua_data_model_1.isDataEncoding)(dataEncoding)) {
+                options.statusCode = node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadDataEncodingInvalid;
+                return new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue(options);
+            }
+        }
+        switch (attributeId) {
+            case node_opcua_data_model_1.AttributeIds.Value:
+                return this.readValue(context, indexRange, dataEncoding);
+            case node_opcua_data_model_1.AttributeIds.DataType:
+                return this._readDataType();
+            case node_opcua_data_model_1.AttributeIds.ValueRank:
+                return this._readValueRank();
+            case node_opcua_data_model_1.AttributeIds.ArrayDimensions:
+                return this._readArrayDimensions();
+            case node_opcua_data_model_1.AttributeIds.AccessLevel:
+                return this._readAccessLevel(context);
+            case node_opcua_data_model_1.AttributeIds.UserAccessLevel:
+                return this._readUserAccessLevel(context);
+            case node_opcua_data_model_1.AttributeIds.MinimumSamplingInterval:
+                return this._readMinimumSamplingInterval();
+            case node_opcua_data_model_1.AttributeIds.Historizing:
+                return this._readHistorizing();
+            case node_opcua_data_model_1.AttributeIds.AccessLevelEx:
+                return this._readAccessLevelEx(context);
+            default:
+                return base_node_impl_js_1.BaseNodeImpl.prototype.readAttribute.call(this, context, attributeId);
+        }
+    }
+    getBasicDataType() {
+        return (0, get_basic_datatype_js_1._getBasicDataType)(this);
+    }
+    adjustVariant(variant) {
+        return (0, node_opcua_variant_1.adjustVariant)(variant, this.valueRank, this.getBasicDataType());
+    }
+    verifyVariantCompatibility(variant) {
+        try {
+            // c8 ignore next
+            if (Object.hasOwn(variant, "value")) {
+                if (variant.dataType === null || variant.dataType === undefined) {
+                    throw new Error("Variant must provide a valid dataType : variant = " +
+                        variant.toString() +
+                        " this.dataType= " +
+                        this.dataType.toString());
+                }
+                if (variant.dataType === node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.Boolean &&
+                    (this.dataType.namespace !== 0 || this.dataType.value !== node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.Boolean)) {
+                    throw new Error("Variant must provide a valid Boolean : variant = " +
+                        variant.toString() +
+                        " this.dataType= " +
+                        this.dataType.toString());
+                }
+                if (this.dataType.namespace === 0 &&
+                    this.dataType.value === node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.LocalizedText &&
+                    variant.dataType !== node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.LocalizedText &&
+                    variant.dataType !== node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.Null) {
+                    throw new Error("Variant must provide a valid LocalizedText : variant = " +
+                        variant.toString() +
+                        " this.dataType= " +
+                        this.dataType.toString());
+                }
+            }
+            const basicType = this.getBasicDataType();
+            if (basicType === node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.String && variant.dataType === node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.ByteString) {
+                return; // this is allowed
+            }
+            if (basicType === node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.ByteString && variant.dataType === node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.String) {
+                return; // this is allowed
+            }
+            if (basicType !== node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.Null &&
+                basicType !== node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.Variant &&
+                variant.dataType !== node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.Null &&
+                variant.dataType !== basicType) {
+                const message = "UAVariable.setValueFromSource " +
+                    this.browseName.toString() +
+                    " nodeId:" +
+                    this.nodeId.toString() +
+                    " dataType:" +
+                    this.dataType.toString() +
+                    ":\n" +
+                    "the provided variant must have the expected dataType!\n" +
+                    "   - the expected dataType is " +
+                    chalk_1.default.cyan(node_opcua_variant_1.DataType[basicType]) +
+                    "\n" +
+                    "   - the actual dataType   is " +
+                    chalk_1.default.magenta(node_opcua_variant_1.DataType[variant.dataType]) +
+                    "\n" +
+                    "   - " +
+                    variant.toString();
+                throw new Error(message);
+            }
+        }
+        catch (err) {
+            errorLog("UAVariable  ", err?.message, this.browseName.toString(), " nodeId=", this.nodeId.toString());
+            errorLog(err.message);
+            errorLog(err.stack);
+            throw err;
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * setValueFromSource is used to let the device sets the variable values
+     * this method also records the current time as sourceTimestamp and serverTimestamp.
+.     *
+    * The method will raise an exception if the value is not compatible with the dataType and expected dimension
+    *
+
+    * @param variant  {Variant}
+    * @param [statusCode  {StatusCode} = StatusCodes.Good]
+    * @param [sourceTimestamp= Now]
+    */
+    setValueFromSource(variant, statusCode, sourceTimestamp) {
+        try {
+            statusCode = statusCode || node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.Good;
+            const variant1 = node_opcua_variant_1.Variant.coerce(variant);
+            this.verifyVariantCompatibility(variant1);
+            const now = (0, node_opcua_date_time_1.coerceClock)(sourceTimestamp, 0);
+            const dataValue = new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue(null);
+            dataValue.serverPicoseconds = now.picoseconds;
+            dataValue.serverTimestamp = now.timestamp;
+            dataValue.sourcePicoseconds = now.picoseconds;
+            dataValue.sourceTimestamp = now.timestamp;
+            dataValue.statusCode = statusCode;
+            dataValue.value = variant1;
+            if (dataValue.value.dataType === node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.ExtensionObject) {
+                // early, detailed diagnostics on a malformed extension object (the actual throw
+                // happens below in _internal_set_dataValue).
+                const valueIsCorrect = this.checkExtensionObjectIsCorrect(dataValue.value.value);
+                if (!valueIsCorrect) {
+                    errorLog("setValueFromSource Invalid value !");
+                    errorLog(this.toString());
+                    errorLog(dataValue.toString());
+                }
+            }
+            // Route every value - scalar or ExtensionObject - through _internal_set_dataValue.
+            // This guarantees the change is consistently propagated to observers (historian,
+            // monitored items) and, when the node is a bound extension object (or a bound
+            // sub-structure child), cascaded through the proxy field setters by the overridden
+            // _inner_replace_dataValue. Previously ExtensionObject values were special-cased with a
+            // silent "this.$dataValue = dataValue" assignment that skipped notification for plain
+            // (unbound) extension object variables and threw on bound sub-structure children.
+            this._internal_set_dataValue(dataValue);
+        }
+        catch (err) {
+            errorLog("UAVariable#setValueFromString Error : ", this.browseName.toString(), this.nodeId.toString());
+            errorLog(err.message);
+            errorLog(this.parent?.toString());
+            throw err;
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * The initial value of a variable a nodeset file declares, or the default of its data type.
+     *
+     * What setValueFromSource does, minus what a variable nobody has seen yet cannot need: the
+     * clone of the previous value and the comparison with it, the change event and the touch of
+     * the parents. The compatibility checks stay, since a wrong <Value> in a third-party nodeset
+     * is exactly what they catch. A variable that is bound already (an extension object proxy,
+     * a setter) takes the full path.
+     *
+     * @internal
+     */
+    _setInitialDataValue(variant, statusCode = node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.Good) {
+        // the loader creates every variable with an empty value object, which the constructor
+        // binds, so a bound setter is the norm here and not a reason to take the long path:
+        // setValueFromSource never consults it either. A bound extension object is.
+        if (this.$$extensionObjectArray || this.$set_ExtensionObject) {
+            this.setValueFromSource(variant, statusCode);
+            return;
+        }
+        try {
+            const variant1 = node_opcua_variant_1.Variant.coerce(variant);
+            this.verifyVariantCompatibility(variant1);
+            if (variant1.dataType === node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.ExtensionObject && !this.checkExtensionObjectIsCorrect(variant1.value)) {
+                throw new Error("invalid extension object");
+            }
+            const now = (0, node_opcua_date_time_1.getCurrentClock)();
+            this.$dataValue = new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue({
+                value: variant1,
+                statusCode,
+                sourceTimestamp: now.timestamp,
+                sourcePicoseconds: now.picoseconds,
+                serverTimestamp: now.timestamp,
+                serverPicoseconds: now.picoseconds
+            });
+        }
+        catch (err) {
+            throw new Error(`UAVariable#_setInitialDataValue ${this.browseName.toString()} ${this.nodeId.toString()}: ${err.message}`);
+        }
+    }
+    adjustDataValueStatusCode(dataValue) {
+        const statusCode = (0, adjust_datavalue_status_code_js_1.adjustDataValueStatusCode)(this, dataValue, this.acceptValueOutOfRange || false);
+        return statusCode;
+    }
+    writeValue(context, dataValue, ...args) {
+        context = context || session_context_js_1.SessionContext.defaultContext;
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(context instanceof session_context_js_1.SessionContext);
+        if (!dataValue.sourceTimestamp) {
+            // source timestamp was not specified by the caller
+            // we will set the timestamp ourself with the current clock
+            if (context.currentTime) {
+                dataValue.sourceTimestamp = context.currentTime.timestamp;
+                dataValue.sourcePicoseconds = context.currentTime.picoseconds;
+            }
+            else {
+                const { timestamp, picoseconds } = (0, node_opcua_date_time_1.getCurrentClock)();
+                dataValue.sourceTimestamp = timestamp;
+                dataValue.sourcePicoseconds = picoseconds;
+            }
+        }
+        if (context.currentTime && !dataValue.serverTimestamp) {
+            dataValue.serverTimestamp = context.currentTime.timestamp;
+            dataValue.serverPicoseconds = context.currentTime.picoseconds;
+        }
+        // adjust arguments if optional indexRange Parameter is not given
+        let indexRange = null;
+        let callback;
+        if (args.length === 1) {
+            indexRange = new node_opcua_numeric_range_1.NumericRange();
+            callback = args[0];
+        }
+        else if (args.length === 2) {
+            indexRange = args[0];
+            callback = args[1];
+        }
+        else {
+            throw new Error("Invalid Number of args");
+        }
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(typeof callback === "function");
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(dataValue instanceof node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue);
+        // index range could be string
+        indexRange = node_opcua_numeric_range_1.NumericRange.coerce(indexRange);
+        // test write permission
+        if (!this.isWritable(context)) {
+            callback?.(null, node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadNotWritable);
+            return;
+        }
+        if (!this.checkPermissionPrivate(context, node_opcua_types_1.PermissionType.Write)) {
+            callback?.(null, node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadUserAccessDenied);
+            return;
+        }
+        // isWritable() and the role permission above already passed, so a false result
+        // here can only come from the UserAccessLevel attribute withholding CurrentWrite
+        // for this user (Part 3 5.6.3): that is an access decision, not an unsupported call.
+        if (!this.isUserWritable(context)) {
+            callback?.(null, node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadUserAccessDenied);
+            return;
+        }
+        // adjust special case
+        const variant = adjustVariant2.call(this, dataValue.value);
+        const statusCode = this.checkVariantCompatibility(variant);
+        if (statusCode.isNot(node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.Good)) {
+            callback?.(null, statusCode);
+            return;
+        }
+        // adjust dataValue.statusCode based on InstrumentRange and EngineeringUnits
+        const statusCode2 = this.adjustDataValueStatusCode(dataValue);
+        if (statusCode2.isNotGood()) {
+            callback?.(null, statusCode2);
+            return;
+        }
+        const write_func = this._timestamped_set_func || default_func;
+        if (!write_func) {
+            warningLog(` warning ${this.nodeId.toString()} ${this.browseName.toString()} has no setter. \n`);
+            warningLog("Please make sure to bind the variable or to pass a valid value: new Variant({}) during construction time");
+            callback?.(null, node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadNotWritable);
+            return;
+        }
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(write_func);
+        write_func.call(this, dataValue, (err, statusCode1) => {
+            if (!err) {
+                dataValue && this.verifyVariantCompatibility(dataValue.value);
+                if (indexRange && !indexRange.isEmpty()) {
+                    if (!indexRange.isValid()) {
+                        callback?.(null, node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadIndexRangeInvalid);
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    const newArrayOrMatrix = dataValue.value.value;
+                    if (dataValue.value.arrayType === node_opcua_variant_1.VariantArrayType.Array) {
+                        if (this.$dataValue.value.arrayType !== node_opcua_variant_1.VariantArrayType.Array) {
+                            callback(null, node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadTypeMismatch);
+                            return;
+                        }
+                        // check that destination data is also an array
+                        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(check_valid_array(this.$dataValue.value.dataType, this.$dataValue.value.value));
+                        const destArr = this.$dataValue.value.value;
+                        const result = indexRange.set_values(destArr, newArrayOrMatrix);
+                        if (result.statusCode.isNot(node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.Good)) {
+                            callback?.(null, result.statusCode);
+                            return;
+                        }
+                        dataValue.value.value = result.array;
+                        // scrap original array so we detect range
+                        this.$dataValue.value.value = null;
+                    }
+                    else if (dataValue.value.arrayType === node_opcua_variant_1.VariantArrayType.Matrix) {
+                        const dimensions = this.$dataValue.value.dimensions;
+                        if (this.$dataValue.value.arrayType !== node_opcua_variant_1.VariantArrayType.Matrix || !dimensions) {
+                            // not a matrix !
+                            callback?.(null, node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadTypeMismatch);
+                            return;
+                        }
+                        const matrix = this.$dataValue.value.value;
+                        const result = indexRange.set_values_matrix({
+                            matrix,
+                            dimensions
+                        }, newArrayOrMatrix);
+                        if (result.statusCode.isNot(node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.Good)) {
+                            callback?.(null, result.statusCode);
+                            return;
+                        }
+                        dataValue.value.dimensions = this.$dataValue.value.dimensions;
+                        dataValue.value.value = result.matrix;
+                        // scrap original array so we detect range
+                        this.$dataValue.value.value = null;
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        callback?.(null, node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadTypeMismatch);
+                        return;
+                    }
+                }
+                try {
+                    this._internal_set_dataValue(dataValue, indexRange);
+                }
+                catch (err) {
+                    if (node_util_1.types.isNativeError(err)) {
+                        warningLog(err.message);
+                    }
+                    callback?.(null, node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadInternalError);
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+            callback?.(err || null, statusCode1);
+        });
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    writeAttribute(context, writeValueOptions, callback) {
+        // c8 ignore next
+        if (!callback) {
+            throw new Error("Internal error");
+        }
+        if (!this.canUserWriteAttribute(context, writeValueOptions.attributeId)) {
+            callback(null, node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadUserAccessDenied);
+            return;
+        }
+        const writeValue = writeValueOptions instanceof node_opcua_service_write_1.WriteValue ? writeValueOptions : new node_opcua_service_write_1.WriteValue(writeValueOptions);
+        context = context || session_context_js_1.SessionContext.defaultContext;
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(context instanceof session_context_js_1.SessionContext);
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(writeValue instanceof node_opcua_service_write_1.WriteValue);
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(writeValue.value instanceof node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue);
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(writeValue.value?.value instanceof node_opcua_variant_1.Variant);
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(typeof callback === "function");
+        // Spec 1.0.2 Part 4 page 58
+        // If the SourceTimestamp or the ServerTimestamp is specified, the Server shall
+        // use these values.
+        // xx _apply_default_timestamps(writeValue.value);
+        switch (writeValue.attributeId) {
+            case node_opcua_data_model_1.AttributeIds.Value:
+                this.writeValue(context, writeValue.value, writeValue.indexRange, callback);
+                break;
+            case node_opcua_data_model_1.AttributeIds.Historizing:
+                if (writeValue.value?.value.dataType !== node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.Boolean) {
+                    callback(null, node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadTypeMismatch);
+                    break;
+                }
+                if (!this.checkPermissionPrivate(context, node_opcua_types_1.PermissionType.WriteHistorizing)) {
+                    callback(null, node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadUserAccessDenied);
+                    break;
+                }
+                if (!this.canUserWriteHistorizingAttribute(context)) {
+                    callback(null, node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadHistoryOperationUnsupported);
+                    break;
+                }
+                // Historizing is a real, writable attribute of a Variable (Part 3 5.6.2); a node
+                // without an HA Configuration simply cannot honour it right now, which is
+                // BadNotWritable, not BadNotSupported (that would mean the attribute never applies).
+                if (!this.getChildByName("HA Configuration")) {
+                    callback(null, node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadNotWritable);
+                    break;
+                }
+                // check if user is allowed to do that !
+                // TODO
+                this.historizing = !!writeValue.value?.value.value; // yes ! indeed !
+                callback(null, node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.Good);
+                break;
+            default:
+                super.writeAttribute(context, writeValue, callback);
+                break;
+        }
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    /**
+
+     * note:
+     *     this method is overridden in address-space-data-access
+     * @return {StatusCode}
+     */
+    checkVariantCompatibility(value) {
+        // test dataType
+        if (!this._validate_DataType(value.dataType)) {
+            return node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadTypeMismatch;
+        }
+        try {
+            this.verifyVariantCompatibility(value);
+        }
+        catch (_err) {
+            return node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadTypeMismatch;
+        }
+        return node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.Good;
+    }
+    /**
+     * touch the source timestamp of a Variable and cascade up the change
+     * to the parent variable if any.
+     */
+    touchValue(optionalNow) {
+        const now = optionalNow || (0, node_opcua_date_time_1.getCurrentClock)();
+        (0, ua_variable_impl_ext_obj_js_1.propagateTouchValueUpward)(this, now);
+    }
+    /**
+     * bind a variable with a get and set functions.
+     *
+     *  properties:
+     *    - value: a Variant or a status code
+     *    - sourceTimestamp
+     *    - sourcePicoseconds
+     * @param [options.timestamped_set]
+     * @param [options.refreshFunc]      the variable asynchronous getter function.
+     * @param [overwrite {Boolean} = false] set overwrite to true to overwrite existing binding
+     * @return void
+     *
+     *
+     * ### Providing read access to the underlying value
+     *
+     * #### Variation 1
+     *
+     * In this variation, the user provides a function that returns a Variant with the current value.
+     *
+     * The sourceTimestamp will be set automatically.
+     *
+     * The get function is called synchronously.
+     *
+     * @example
+     *
+     *
+     * ```javascript
+     *     ...
+     *     var options =  {
+     *       get : () => {
+     *          return new Variant({...});
+     *       },
+     *       set : function(variant) {
+     *          // store the variant somewhere
+     *          return StatusCodes.Good;
+     *       }
+     *    };
+     *    ...
+     *    engine.bindVariable(nodeId,options):
+     *    ...
+     * ```
+     *
+     *
+     * #### Variation 2:
+     *
+     * This variation can be used when the user wants to specify a specific '''sourceTimestamp''' associated
+     * with the current value of the UAVariable.
+     *
+     * The provided ```timestamped_get``` function should return an object with three properties:
+     * * value: containing the variant value or a error StatusCode,
+     * * sourceTimestamp
+     * * sourcePicoseconds
+     *
+     * ```javascript
+     * ...
+     * var myDataValue = new DataValue({
+     *   value: {dataType: DataType.Double , value: 10.0},
+     *   sourceTimestamp : new Date(),
+     *   sourcePicoseconds: 0
+     * });
+     * ...
+     * var options =  {
+     *   timestamped_get : () => { return myDataValue;  }
+     * };
+     * ...
+     * engine.bindVariable(nodeId,options):
+     * ...
+     * // record a new value
+     * myDataValue.value.value = 5.0;
+     * myDataValue.sourceTimestamp = new Date();
+     * ...
+     * ```
+     *
+     *
+     * #### Variation 3:
+     *
+     * This variation can be used when the value associated with the variables requires a asynchronous function call to be
+     * extracted. In this case, the user should provide an async method ```refreshFunc```.
+     *
+     *
+     * The ```refreshFunc``` shall do whatever is necessary to fetch the most up to date version of the variable value, and
+     * call the ```callback``` function when the data is ready.
+     *
+     *
+     * The ```callback``` function follow the standard callback function signature:
+     * * the first argument shall be **null** or **Error**, depending of the outcome of the fetch operation,
+     * * the second argument shall be a DataValue with the new UAVariable Value,  a StatusCode, and time stamps.
+     *
+     *
+     * Optionally, it is possible to pass a sourceTimestamp and a sourcePicoseconds value as a third and fourth arguments
+     * of the callback. When sourceTimestamp and sourcePicoseconds are missing, the system will set their default value
+     * to the current time..
+     *
+     *
+     * ```javascript
+     * ...
+     * var options =  {
+     *    refreshFunc : function(callback) {
+     *      ... do_some_async_stuff_to_get_the_new_variable_value
+     *      var dataValue = new DataValue({
+     *          value: new Variant({...}),
+     *          statusCode: StatusCodes.Good,
+     *          sourceTimestamp: new Date()
+     *      });
+     *      callback(null,dataValue);
+     *    }
+     * };
+     * ...
+     * variable.bindVariable(nodeId,options):
+     * ...
+     * ```
+     *
+     * ### Providing write access to the underlying value
+     *
+     * #### Variation1 - provide a simple synchronous set function
+     *
+     *
+     * #### Notes
+     *   to do : explain return StatusCodes.GoodCompletesAsynchronously;
+     *
+     */
+    bindVariable(options, overwrite) {
+        if (overwrite) {
+            this._timestamped_set_func = null;
+            this._timestamped_get_func = null;
+            this._get_func = null;
+            this._set_func = null;
+            this.refreshFunc = undefined;
+            this._historyRead = UAVariableImpl.prototype._historyRead;
+        }
+        options = options || {};
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(typeof this._timestamped_set_func !== "function", "UAVariable already bound");
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(typeof this._timestamped_get_func !== "function", "UAVariable already bound");
+        bind_getter.call(this, options);
+        bind_setter.call(this, options);
+        const _historyRead = options.historyRead;
+        if (_historyRead) {
+            (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(typeof this._historyRead !== "function" || this._historyRead === UAVariableImpl.prototype._historyRead);
+            (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(typeof _historyRead === "function");
+            this._historyRead = _historyRead;
+            (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(this._historyRead.length === 6);
+        }
+        // post conditions
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(typeof this._timestamped_set_func === "function");
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(this._timestamped_set_func?.length === 2, "expecting 2 parameters");
+    }
+    readValueAsync(context, callback) {
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(typeof callback === "function");
+        context = context || session_context_js_1.SessionContext.defaultContext;
+        this.__waiting_callbacks = this.__waiting_callbacks || [];
+        this.__waiting_callbacks.push(callback);
+        const _readValueAsync_in_progress = this.__waiting_callbacks.length >= 2;
+        if (_readValueAsync_in_progress) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (this.isDisposed()) {
+            callback?.(null, new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue({ statusCode: node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadNodeIdUnknown }));
+            return;
+        }
+        const readImmediate = (innerCallback) => {
+            (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(this.$dataValue instanceof node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue);
+            const dataValue = this.readValue(context);
+            innerCallback(null, dataValue);
+        };
+        let func;
+        const answerStatusOnly = (statusCode) => (innerCallback) => innerCallback(null, new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue({ statusCode }));
+        if (context.isAccessRestricted(this)) {
+            // same gate as readValue(): a variable bound with a simple get()
+            // also gets a refreshFunc, sending every read down the asyncRefresh
+            // branch below - which calls the getter directly and never passes
+            // through readValue(). Without this check here, a node hardened
+            // with AccessRestrictions(EncryptionRequired) answered its value
+            // over an unencrypted channel.
+            func = answerStatusOnly(node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadSecurityModeInsufficient);
+        }
+        else if (!this.isReadable(context)) {
+            func = answerStatusOnly(node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadNotReadable);
+        }
+        else if (!this.checkPermissionPrivate(context, node_opcua_types_1.PermissionType.Read)) {
+            func = answerStatusOnly(node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadUserAccessDenied);
+        }
+        else if (!this.isUserReadable(context)) {
+            func = answerStatusOnly(node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadNotReadable);
+        }
+        else {
+            const clock = (0, node_opcua_date_time_1.getCurrentClock)();
+            func = typeof this.refreshFunc === "function" ? this.asyncRefresh.bind(this, clock) : readImmediate;
+        }
+        const satisfy_callbacks = (err, dataValue) => {
+            // now call all pending callbacks
+            const callbacks = this.__waiting_callbacks || [];
+            this.__waiting_callbacks = [];
+            const _n = callbacks.length;
+            for (const callback1 of callbacks) {
+                callback1.call(this, err, dataValue);
+            }
+        };
+        try {
+            func.call(this, satisfy_callbacks);
+        }
+        catch (err) {
+            // c8 ignore next
+            if (doDebug) {
+                debugLog(chalk_1.default.red("func readValueAsync has failed "));
+                if (node_util_1.types.isNativeError(err)) {
+                    debugLog(" stack", err.stack);
+                }
+            }
+            satisfy_callbacks(err);
+        }
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    getWriteMask() {
+        return super.getWriteMask();
+    }
+    getUserWriteMask() {
+        return super.getUserWriteMask();
+    }
+    clone(options, optionalFilter, extraInfo) {
+        options = {
+            ...options,
+            // check this eventNotifier: this.eventNotifier,
+            // check this symbolicName: this.symbolicName,
+            accessLevel: this.accessLevel,
+            arrayDimensions: this.arrayDimensions,
+            dataType: this.dataType,
+            historizing: this.historizing,
+            minimumSamplingInterval: this.minimumSamplingInterval,
+            userAccessLevel: this.userAccessLevel,
+            valueRank: this.valueRank
+        };
+        const newVariable = (0, base_node_private_js_1._clone)(this, (UAVariableImpl), options, optionalFilter || node_opcua_address_space_base_1.defaultCloneFilter, extraInfo || (0, node_opcua_address_space_base_1.makeDefaultCloneExtraInfo)(this));
+        newVariable.bindVariable();
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(typeof newVariable._timestamped_set_func === "function");
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(newVariable.dataType === this.dataType);
+        newVariable.$dataValue = this.$dataValue.clone();
+        // also bind extension object
+        const v = newVariable.$dataValue.value;
+        if (v.dataType === node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.ExtensionObject && v.value && v.arrayType === node_opcua_variant_1.VariantArrayType.Scalar) {
+            try {
+                newVariable.bindExtensionObject(newVariable.$dataValue.value.value);
+            }
+            catch (err) {
+                errorLog("Error binding extension objects");
+                errorLog(err.message);
+                errorLog(this.toString());
+                errorLog("---------------------------------------");
+                errorLog(this.$dataValue.toString());
+                errorLog("---------------------------------------");
+                errorLog(newVariable.$dataValue.toString());
+                throw err;
+            }
+        }
+        return newVariable;
+    }
+    getDataTypeNode() {
+        const addressSpace = this.addressSpace;
+        if (this.dataType.isEmpty()) {
+            this.dataType = this.resolveNodeId(node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.Variant);
+        }
+        const dt = addressSpace.findNode(this.dataType);
+        // c8 ignore next
+        if (!dt) {
+            throw new Error(`getDataTypeNode: cannot find dataType ${this.dataType.toString()}`);
+        }
+        return dt;
+    }
+    get dataTypeObj() {
+        return this.getDataTypeNode();
+    }
+    checkExtensionObjectIsCorrect(extObj) {
+        if (!extObj) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        const addressSpace = this.addressSpace;
+        if (!addressSpace) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        const dataType = addressSpace.findDataType(this.dataType);
+        if (!dataType) {
+            // may be we are in the process of loading a xml file and the corresponding dataType
+            // has not yet been loaded !
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (dataType.nodeId.namespace === 0 && dataType.nodeId.value === node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.ExtensionObject) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        const Constructor = addressSpace.getExtensionObjectConstructor(this.dataType);
+        if (this.valueRank === -1) {
+            /** Scalar */
+            if (Array.isArray(extObj)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            return checkExtensionObjectIsCorrectScalar.call(this, extObj);
+        }
+        else if (this.valueRank >= 1) {
+            /** array */
+            if (!Array.isArray(extObj)) {
+                // let's coerce this scalar into an 1-element array if it is a valid extension object
+                if (checkExtensionObjectIsCorrectScalar.call(this, extObj)) {
+                    warningLog(`warning: checkExtensionObjectIsCorrect : expecting a array but got a scalar (value rank of '${this.browseName.toString()}' is 1)\nautomatic conversion from scalar to array with 1 element is taking place.`);
+                    extObj = [extObj];
+                }
+                else {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+            return checkExtensionObjectIsCorrectArray.call(this, extObj);
+        }
+        else if (this.valueRank === 0) {
+            // Scalar or Array
+            const isCorrectScalar = !Array.isArray(extObj) && checkExtensionObjectIsCorrectScalar.call(this, extObj);
+            const isCorrectArray = Array.isArray(extObj) && checkExtensionObjectIsCorrectArray.call(this, extObj);
+            return isCorrectArray || isCorrectScalar;
+        }
+        else {
+            throw new Error(`checkExtensionObjectIsCorrect: Not Implemented case, please contact sterfive : this.valueRank =${this.valueRank}`);
+        }
+        function checkExtensionObjectIsCorrectScalar(extObj) {
+            // c8 ignore next
+            if (!extObj?.constructor) {
+                errorLog(extObj);
+                throw new Error("expecting an valid extension object");
+            }
+            if (extObj.constructor.name === Constructor.name) {
+                return true;
+            }
+            if (extObj instanceof node_opcua_extension_object_1.OpaqueStructure) {
+                throw new Error("An opaque structure is not expected here");
+            }
+            // let's verify that the constructor is a sub-class of Constructor
+            let current = extObj.schema;
+            while (current) {
+                if (current.name === Constructor.name) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+                current = current.getBaseSchema();
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+        function checkExtensionObjectIsCorrectArray(extObjArray) {
+            // c8 ignore next
+            for (const extObj of extObjArray) {
+                if (!extObj?.constructor) {
+                    errorLog(extObj);
+                    throw new Error("expecting an valid extension object");
+                }
+            }
+            try {
+                for (const e of extObjArray) {
+                    if (!e) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    if (e.constructor.name !== Constructor.name) {
+                        // c8 ignore next
+                        doDebug && debugLog("extObj.constructor.name ", e.constructor.name, "expected", Constructor.name);
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                }
+                return true;
+            }
+            catch (err) {
+                errorLog(err);
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    changeDataType(newDataType, newValue) {
+        changeUAVariableDataType(this, newDataType, newValue);
+    }
+    /**
+     * @private
+     * install UAVariable to exposed th
+     *
+     * precondition:
+     */
+    installExtensionObjectVariables() {
+        (0, ua_variable_impl_ext_obj_js_1._installExtensionObjectBindingOnProperties)(this, { createMissingProp: true });
+    }
+    /**
+
+     * @return {ExtensionObject}
+     */
+    bindExtensionObjectScalar(optionalExtensionObject, options) {
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(this.valueRank === -1, "expecting an Scalar variable here");
+        return (0, ua_variable_impl_ext_obj_js_1._bindExtensionObject)(this, optionalExtensionObject, options);
+    }
+    bindExtensionObjectArray(optionalExtensionObject, options) {
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(this.valueRank >= 1, "expecting an Array or a Matrix variable here");
+        return (0, ua_variable_impl_ext_obj_js_1._bindExtensionObjectArrayOrMatrix)(this, optionalExtensionObject, options);
+    }
+    bindExtensionObject(optionalExtensionObject, options) {
+        // coerce to ExtensionObject[] when this.valueRank === 1
+        if (optionalExtensionObject &&
+            this.valueRank === 1 &&
+            !Array.isArray(optionalExtensionObject) &&
+            optionalExtensionObject instanceof node_opcua_extension_object_1.ExtensionObject) {
+            warningLog("bindExtensionObject: coerce to ExtensionObject[] when valueRank === 1 and value is a scalar extension object");
+            optionalExtensionObject = [optionalExtensionObject];
+        }
+        if (optionalExtensionObject) {
+            if (Array.isArray(optionalExtensionObject)) {
+                (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(this.valueRank >= 1, "bindExtensionObject: expecting an Array of Matrix variable here");
+                return (0, ua_variable_impl_ext_obj_js_1._bindExtensionObjectArrayOrMatrix)(this, optionalExtensionObject, options);
+            }
+            else {
+                if (this.valueRank !== -1 && this.valueRank !== 0) {
+                    throw new Error(`bindExtensionObject: expecting an Scalar variable here but got value rank ${this.valueRank}`);
+                }
+                return (0, ua_variable_impl_ext_obj_js_1._bindExtensionObject)(this, optionalExtensionObject, options);
+            }
+        }
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(optionalExtensionObject === undefined || optionalExtensionObject === null);
+        if (this.valueRank === -1) {
+            return (0, ua_variable_impl_ext_obj_js_1._bindExtensionObject)(this, undefined, options);
+        }
+        else if (this.valueRank === 1) {
+            return (0, ua_variable_impl_ext_obj_js_1._bindExtensionObjectArrayOrMatrix)(this, undefined, options);
+        }
+        else if (this.valueRank > 1) {
+            return (0, ua_variable_impl_ext_obj_js_1._bindExtensionObjectArrayOrMatrix)(this, undefined, options);
+        }
+        //  unsupported case ...
+        return null;
+    }
+    updateExtensionObjectPartial(partialExtensionObject) {
+        (0, ua_variable_impl_ext_obj_js_1.setExtensionObjectPartialValue)(this, partialExtensionObject);
+        return this.$extensionObject;
+    }
+    incrementExtensionObjectPartial(path) {
+        const extensionObject = this.readValue().value.value;
+        const partialData = (0, ua_variable_impl_ext_obj_js_1.extractPartialData)(path, extensionObject);
+        (0, ua_variable_impl_ext_obj_js_1.incrementElement)(path, partialData);
+        (0, ua_variable_impl_ext_obj_js_1.setExtensionObjectPartialValue)(this, partialData);
+    }
+    toString() {
+        const options = new base_node_private_js_1.ToStringBuilder();
+        base_node_private_js_1.UAVariable_toString.call(this, options);
+        return options.toString();
+    }
+    toJSON() {
+        let value;
+        let statusCode;
+        try {
+            const dv = this.$dataValue;
+            if (dv) {
+                statusCode = dv.statusCode?.toString();
+                if (dv.value && !(dv.value.value instanceof node_opcua_extension_object_1.OpaqueStructure)) {
+                    value = dv.value.value;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        catch {
+            // ignore — value access may fail for bound variables
+        }
+        return {
+            ...super.toJSON(),
+            typeDefinition: this.typeDefinitionObj?.browseName.toString(),
+            dataType: this.dataType?.toString(),
+            valueRank: this.valueRank,
+            arrayDimensions: this.arrayDimensions,
+            accessLevel: node_opcua_data_model_1.AccessLevelFlag[this.accessLevel],
+            statusCode,
+            value
+        };
+    }
+    [Symbol.for("nodejs.util.inspect.custom")](depth, inspectOptions) {
+        const c = inspectOptions?.colors === false ? plainChalk : chalk_1.default;
+        const typeName = this.typeDefinitionObj?.browseName.toString() ?? "?";
+        const displayName = this.displayName.length ? this.displayName.map((d) => d.text).join(" | ") : "";
+        if (depth !== null && depth <= 0) {
+            return `${c.cyan("UAVariable<")}${c.green(this.browseName.toString())}${c.grey(` ${this.nodeId.toString()}`)}${c.cyan(">")}`;
+        }
+        const dt = this.dataType?.toString() ?? "?";
+        let valueStr = "";
+        let statusStr = "";
+        try {
+            const dv = this.$dataValue;
+            if (dv) {
+                if (dv.statusCode)
+                    statusStr = dv.statusCode.toString();
+                if (dv.value &&
+                    dv.value.value !== undefined &&
+                    dv.value.value !== null &&
+                    !(dv.value.value instanceof node_opcua_extension_object_1.OpaqueStructure)) {
+                    const v = dv.value.value;
+                    valueStr = typeof v === "object" ? Object.prototype.toString.call(v) : String(v);
+                    if (valueStr.length > 80)
+                        valueStr = `${valueStr.slice(0, 77)}...`;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        catch {
+            // ignore
+        }
+        const lines = [
+            `${c.cyan("UAVariable ")}${c.green(this.browseName.toString())}${c.grey(` ${this.nodeId.toString()}`)}`,
+            c.yellow("  typeDefinition : ") + typeName,
+            c.yellow("  displayName    : ") + displayName,
+            c.yellow("  dataType       : ") + dt,
+            c.yellow("  valueRank      : ") + (0, base_node_private_js_1.valueRankToString)(this.valueRank),
+            c.yellow("  accessLevel    : ") + node_opcua_data_model_1.AccessLevelFlag[this.accessLevel]
+        ];
+        if (this.arrayDimensions?.length) {
+            lines.push(c.yellow("  arrayDimensions: ") + JSON.stringify(this.arrayDimensions));
+        }
+        if (valueStr) {
+            lines.push(c.yellow("  value          : ") + valueStr);
+        }
+        if (statusStr && statusStr !== "Good (0x00000000)") {
+            lines.push(c.yellow("  statusCode     : ") + statusStr);
+        }
+        if (this.description?.text) {
+            lines.push(c.yellow("  description    : ") + this.description.text);
+        }
+        return lines.join("\n");
+    }
+    historyRead(context, historyReadDetails, indexRange, dataEncoding, continuationData, callback) {
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(context instanceof session_context_js_1.SessionContext);
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(typeof callback === "function");
+        if (typeof this._historyRead !== "function") {
+            callback?.(null, new node_opcua_types_1.HistoryReadResult({ statusCode: node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadNotReadable }));
+            return;
+        }
+        this._historyRead(context, historyReadDetails, indexRange, dataEncoding, continuationData, callback);
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    _historyReadRaw(_context, _historyReadRawModifiedDetails, _indexRange, _dataEncoding, _continuationData, _callback) {
+        throw new Error("");
+    }
+    _historyReadRawModify(_context, _historyReadRawModifiedDetails, _indexRange, _dataEncoding, _continuationData, _callback) {
+        throw new Error("");
+    }
+    _historyRead(context, _historyReadDetails, _indexRange, _dataEncoding, _continuationData, callback) {
+        if (!this.checkPermissionPrivate(context, node_opcua_types_1.PermissionType.ReadHistory)) {
+            const result = new node_opcua_types_1.HistoryReadResult({
+                statusCode: node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadUserAccessDenied
+            });
+            callback(null, result);
+        }
+        if (!this.canUserReadHistory(context)) {
+            const result = new node_opcua_types_1.HistoryReadResult({
+                statusCode: node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadHistoryOperationUnsupported
+            });
+            callback(null, result);
+        }
+        const result = new node_opcua_types_1.HistoryReadResult({
+            statusCode: node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadHistoryOperationUnsupported
+        });
+        callback(null, result);
+    }
+    _historyPush(_newDataValue) {
+        throw new Error("");
+    }
+    _historyReadRawAsync(_historyReadRawModifiedDetails, _maxNumberToExtract, _isReversed, _reverseDataValue, _callback) {
+        throw new Error("");
+    }
+    _historyReadModify(_context, _historyReadRawModifiedDetails, _indexRange, _dataEncoding, _continuationData, _callback) {
+        throw new Error("");
+    }
+    _update_startOfOnlineArchive(_newDate) {
+        // please install
+        throw new Error("");
+    }
+    _update_startOfArchive(_newDate) {
+        throw new Error("");
+    }
+    _validate_DataType(variantDataType) {
+        return (0, validate_data_type_correctness_js_1.validateDataTypeCorrectness)(this.addressSpace, this.dataType, variantDataType, /* allow Nulls */ false, this.nodeId);
+    }
+    _internal_set_value(value) {
+        if (value.dataType !== node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.Null) {
+            this.verifyVariantCompatibility(value);
+        }
+        this.$dataValue.value = value;
+    }
+    _internal_set_dataValue(dataValue, indexRange) {
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(dataValue, "expecting a dataValue");
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(dataValue instanceof node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue, "expecting dataValue to be a DataValue");
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(dataValue !== this.$dataValue, "expecting dataValue to be different from previous DataValue instance");
+        const addressSpace = this.addressSpace;
+        // c8 ignore next
+        if (!addressSpace) {
+            warningLog("UAVariable#_internal_set_dataValue : no addressSpace ! may be node has already been deleted ?");
+            return;
+        }
+        // c8 ignore next
+        if (dataValue.value.arrayType === node_opcua_variant_1.VariantArrayType.Matrix) {
+            if (!dataValue.value.dimensions) {
+                throw new Error("missing dimensions: a Matrix Variant needs a dimension");
+            }
+            const nbElements = dataValue.value.dimensions.reduce((acc, x) => acc * x, 1);
+            if (dataValue.value.value.length !== 0 && dataValue.value.value.length !== nbElements) {
+                throw new Error(`Internal Error: matrix dimension doesn't match the number of element in the array : ${dataValue.toString()} "\n expecting ${nbElements} elements but got ${dataValue.value.value.length}`);
+            }
+        }
+        // c8 ignore next
+        if (dataValue.value.dataType === node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.ExtensionObject) {
+            // c8 ignore next
+            if (!this.checkExtensionObjectIsCorrect(dataValue.value.value)) {
+                warningLog(dataValue.toString());
+                throw new Error(`Invalid Extension Object on nodeId =${this.nodeId.toString()}`);
+            }
+        }
+        this.verifyVariantCompatibility(dataValue.value);
+        this._inner_replace_dataValue(dataValue, indexRange);
+    }
+    /**
+     * @private
+     */
+    _inner_replace_dataValue(dataValue, indexRange) {
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(this.$dataValue.value instanceof node_opcua_variant_1.Variant);
+        const old_dataValue = this.$dataValue.clone();
+        if (this.$$extensionObjectArray && dataValue.value.arrayType !== node_opcua_variant_1.VariantArrayType.Scalar) {
+            // we have a bounded array or matrix
+            (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(Array.isArray(dataValue.value.value));
+            if (this.$$extensionObjectArray !== this.$dataValue.value.value) {
+                throw new Error("internal error");
+            }
+            this.$$extensionObjectArray = dataValue.value.value;
+            this.$dataValue.value.value = dataValue.value.value;
+            this.$dataValue.statusCode = dataValue.statusCode || node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.Good;
+            this.$dataValue.serverTimestamp = dataValue.serverTimestamp;
+            this.$dataValue.serverPicoseconds = dataValue.serverPicoseconds;
+            this.$dataValue.sourceTimestamp = dataValue.sourceTimestamp;
+            this.$dataValue.sourcePicoseconds = dataValue.sourcePicoseconds;
+        }
+        else if (this._basicDataType === node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.ExtensionObject &&
+            this.valueRank === -1 &&
+            this.$set_ExtensionObject &&
+            dataValue.value.arrayType === node_opcua_variant_1.VariantArrayType.Scalar) {
+            // the entire extension object is changed.
+            this.$dataValue.statusCode = this.$dataValue.statusCode || node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.Good;
+            const preciseClock = (0, node_opcua_date_time_1.coerceClock)(this.$dataValue.sourceTimestamp, this.$dataValue.sourcePicoseconds);
+            this.$set_ExtensionObject(dataValue.value.value, preciseClock, new Set());
+        }
+        else {
+            this.$dataValue = dataValue;
+            this.$dataValue.statusCode = this.$dataValue.statusCode || node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.Good;
+        }
+        // repair missing timestamps
+        const now = new Date();
+        if (!dataValue.serverTimestamp) {
+            this.$dataValue.serverTimestamp = old_dataValue.serverTimestamp || now;
+            this.$dataValue.serverPicoseconds = old_dataValue.serverPicoseconds || 0;
+        }
+        if (!dataValue.sourceTimestamp) {
+            this.$dataValue.sourceTimestamp = old_dataValue.sourceTimestamp || now;
+            this.$dataValue.sourcePicoseconds = old_dataValue.sourcePicoseconds || 0;
+        }
+        if (!(0, node_opcua_data_value_1.sameDataValue)(old_dataValue, dataValue)) {
+            if (this.getBasicDataType() === node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.ExtensionObject) {
+                const preciseClock = (0, node_opcua_date_time_1.coerceClock)(this.$dataValue.sourceTimestamp, this.$dataValue.sourcePicoseconds);
+                const cache = new Set();
+                if (this.$$extensionObjectArray) {
+                    this.touchValue(preciseClock);
+                    (0, ua_variable_impl_ext_obj_js_1.propagateTouchValueDownwardArray)(this, preciseClock, cache);
+                }
+                else {
+                    this.touchValue(preciseClock);
+                    (0, ua_variable_impl_ext_obj_js_1.propagateTouchValueDownward)(this, preciseClock, cache);
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                this.emit("value_changed", this.$dataValue.clone(), indexRange);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    _conditionRefresh(_cache) {
+        apply_condition_refresh_js_1.apply_condition_refresh.call(this, _cache);
+    }
+    handle_semantic_changed(_dataValue) {
+        this.semantic_version = this.semantic_version + 1;
+        this.emit("semantic_changed");
+    }
+    _readDataType() {
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(this.dataType instanceof node_opcua_nodeid_1.NodeId);
+        const options = {
+            statusCode: node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.Good,
+            value: {
+                dataType: node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.NodeId,
+                value: this.dataType
+            }
+        };
+        return new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue(options);
+    }
+    _readValueRank() {
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(typeof this.valueRank === "number");
+        const options = {
+            statusCode: node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.Good,
+            value: { dataType: node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.Int32, value: this.valueRank }
+        };
+        return new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue(options);
+    }
+    _readArrayDimensions() {
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(Array.isArray(this.arrayDimensions) || this.arrayDimensions === null);
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(!this.arrayDimensions || this.valueRank > 0, "arrayDimension must be null if valueRank <0");
+        const options = {
+            statusCode: node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.Good,
+            value: { dataType: node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.UInt32, arrayType: node_opcua_variant_1.VariantArrayType.Array, value: this.arrayDimensions }
+        };
+        return new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue(options);
+    }
+    _readAccessLevel(context) {
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(context instanceof session_context_js_1.SessionContext);
+        const options = {
+            statusCode: node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.Good,
+            value: { dataType: node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.Byte, value: (0, node_opcua_data_model_1.convertAccessLevelFlagToByte)(this.accessLevel) }
+        };
+        return new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue(options);
+    }
+    _readAccessLevelEx(context) {
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(context instanceof session_context_js_1.SessionContext);
+        const options = {
+            statusCode: node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.Good,
+            // Extra flags are not supported yet. to do:
+            value: { dataType: node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.UInt32, value: (0, node_opcua_data_model_1.convertAccessLevelFlagToByte)(this.accessLevel) }
+        };
+        return new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue(options);
+    }
+    _readUserAccessLevel(context) {
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(context instanceof session_context_js_1.SessionContext);
+        const effectiveUserAccessLevel = _calculateEffectiveUserAccessLevelFromPermission(this, context, this.userAccessLevel);
+        const options = {
+            value: {
+                dataType: node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.Byte,
+                statusCode: node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.Good,
+                value: (0, node_opcua_data_model_1.convertAccessLevelFlagToByte)(effectiveUserAccessLevel)
+            }
+        };
+        return new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue(options);
+    }
+    _readMinimumSamplingInterval() {
+        // expect a Duration => Double
+        const options = {};
+        if (this.minimumSamplingInterval === undefined) {
+            options.statusCode = node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadAttributeIdInvalid;
+        }
+        else {
+            options.value = { dataType: node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.Double, value: this.minimumSamplingInterval };
+            options.statusCode = node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.Good;
+        }
+        return new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue(options);
+    }
+    _readHistorizing() {
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(typeof this.historizing === "boolean");
+        const options = {
+            statusCode: node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.Good,
+            value: { dataType: node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.Boolean, value: !!this.historizing }
+        };
+        return new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue(options);
+    }
+}
+exports.UAVariableImpl = UAVariableImpl;
+const thenify_ex_1 = require("thenify-ex");
+UAVariableImpl.prototype.asyncRefresh = (0, thenify_ex_1.withCallback)(UAVariableImpl.prototype.asyncRefresh);
+UAVariableImpl.prototype.writeValue = (0, thenify_ex_1.withCallback)(UAVariableImpl.prototype.writeValue);
+UAVariableImpl.prototype.writeAttribute = (0, thenify_ex_1.withCallback)(UAVariableImpl.prototype.writeAttribute);
+UAVariableImpl.prototype.historyRead = (0, thenify_ex_1.withCallback)(UAVariableImpl.prototype.historyRead);
+UAVariableImpl.prototype.readValueAsync = (0, thenify_ex_1.withCallback)(UAVariableImpl.prototype.readValueAsync);
+function check_valid_array(dataType, array) {
+    if (Array.isArray(array)) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    switch (dataType) {
+        case node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.Double:
+            return array instanceof Float64Array;
+        case node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.Float:
+            return array instanceof Float32Array;
+        case node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.Int32:
+            return array instanceof Int32Array;
+        case node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.Int16:
+            return array instanceof Int16Array;
+        case node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.SByte:
+            return array instanceof Int8Array;
+        case node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.UInt32:
+            return array instanceof Uint32Array;
+        case node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.UInt16:
+            return array instanceof Uint16Array;
+        case node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.Byte:
+            return array instanceof Uint8Array || array instanceof Buffer;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+// function _apply_default_timestamps(dataValue: DataValue): void {
+//     const now = getCurrentClock();
+//     assert(dataValue instanceof DataValue);
+//     if (!dataValue.sourceTimestamp) {
+//         dataValue.sourceTimestamp = now.timestamp;
+//         dataValue.sourcePicoseconds = now.picoseconds;
+//     }
+//     if (!dataValue.serverTimestamp) {
+//         dataValue.serverTimestamp = now.timestamp;
+//         dataValue.serverPicoseconds = now.picoseconds;
+//     }
+// }
+function unsetFlag(flags, mask) {
+    return flags & ~mask;
+}
+function _setFlag(flags, mask) {
+    return flags | mask;
+}
+function _calculateEffectiveUserAccessLevelFromPermission(node, context, userAccessLevel) {
+    function __adjustFlag(permissionType, access, userAccessLevel1) {
+        if ((node.accessLevel & access) === 0 || (userAccessLevel1 & access) === 0) {
+            userAccessLevel1 = unsetFlag(userAccessLevel1, access);
+        }
+        else {
+            if (!context.checkPermission(node, permissionType)) {
+                userAccessLevel1 = unsetFlag(userAccessLevel1, access);
+            }
+        }
+        return userAccessLevel1;
+    }
+    userAccessLevel = node.userAccessLevel === undefined ? node.accessLevel : node.userAccessLevel & node.accessLevel;
+    if (context.checkPermission) {
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(context.checkPermission instanceof Function);
+        userAccessLevel = __adjustFlag(node_opcua_types_1.PermissionType.Read, node_opcua_data_model_1.AccessLevelFlag.CurrentRead, userAccessLevel);
+        userAccessLevel = __adjustFlag(node_opcua_types_1.PermissionType.Write, node_opcua_data_model_1.AccessLevelFlag.CurrentWrite, userAccessLevel);
+        userAccessLevel = __adjustFlag(node_opcua_types_1.PermissionType.Write, node_opcua_data_model_1.AccessLevelFlag.StatusWrite, userAccessLevel);
+        userAccessLevel = __adjustFlag(node_opcua_types_1.PermissionType.Write, node_opcua_data_model_1.AccessLevelFlag.TimestampWrite, userAccessLevel);
+        userAccessLevel = __adjustFlag(node_opcua_types_1.PermissionType.ReadHistory, node_opcua_data_model_1.AccessLevelFlag.HistoryRead, userAccessLevel);
+        userAccessLevel = __adjustFlag(node_opcua_types_1.PermissionType.DeleteHistory, node_opcua_data_model_1.AccessLevelFlag.HistoryWrite, userAccessLevel);
+        return userAccessLevel;
+    }
+    else {
+        return userAccessLevel;
+    }
+}
+function adjustVariant2(variant) {
+    // convert Variant( Scalar|ByteString) =>  Variant(Array|ByteArray)
+    const _addressSpace = this.addressSpace;
+    const basicType = this.getBasicDataType();
+    variant = (0, node_opcua_variant_1.adjustVariant)(variant, this.valueRank, basicType);
+    return variant;
+}
+function _not_writable_timestamped_set_func(dataValue, callback) {
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(dataValue instanceof node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue);
+    callback(null, node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadNotWritable, null);
+}
+function _default_writable_timestamped_set_func(dataValue, callback) {
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(dataValue instanceof node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue);
+    callback(null, node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.Good, dataValue);
+}
+function turn_sync_to_async(f, numberOfArgs) {
+    if (f.length <= numberOfArgs) {
+        return function (data, callback) {
+            new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+                try {
+                    // const ff1 = f as f1<T, D, R>;
+                    const ff2 = f;
+                    const r = ff2.call(this, data);
+                    if (r instanceof Promise) {
+                        r.then(resolve, reject);
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        resolve(r);
+                    }
+                }
+                catch (err) {
+                    reject(err);
+                }
+            })
+                .then((r) => {
+                callback(null, r);
+            })
+                .catch((err) => {
+                callback(err);
+            });
+        };
+    }
+    else {
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(f.length === numberOfArgs + 1);
+        return f;
+    }
+}
+const _default_minimumSamplingInterval = 1000;
+function coerceDataValue(dataValue) {
+    if (dataValue instanceof node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue) {
+        return dataValue;
+    }
+    return new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue(dataValue);
+}
+// variation #3 :
+function _Variable_bind_with_async_refresh(options) {
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(this instanceof UAVariableImpl);
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(typeof options.refreshFunc === "function");
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(!options.get, "a getter shall not be specified when refreshFunc is set");
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(!options.timestamped_get, "a getter shall not be specified when refreshFunc is set");
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(!this.refreshFunc);
+    this.refreshFunc = options.refreshFunc;
+    /*
+    // TO DO : REVISIT THIS ASSUMPTION
+    if (false && this.minimumSamplingInterval === 0) {
+        // when a getter /timestamped_getter or async_getter is provided
+        // samplingInterval cannot be 0, as the item value must be scanned to be updated.
+        this.minimumSamplingInterval = _default_minimumSamplingInterval; // MonitoredItem.minimumSamplingInterval;
+        // c8 ignore next
+        doDebug && debugLog(`adapting minimumSamplingInterval on ${this.browseName.toString()} to ${this.minimumSamplingInterval}`);
+    }
+        */
+}
+// variation 2
+function _Variable_bind_with_timestamped_get(options) {
+    /* jshint validthis: true */
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(this instanceof UAVariableImpl);
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(typeof options.timestamped_get === "function");
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(!options.get, "should not specify 'get' when 'timestamped_get' exists ");
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(!this._timestamped_get_func);
+    const async_refresh_func = (callback) => {
+        Promise.resolve(this._timestamped_get_func.call(this))
+            .then((dataValue) => callback(null, dataValue))
+            .catch((err) => {
+            errorLog("asyncRefresh error: Variable is  ", this.nodeId.toString(), this.browseName.toString());
+            callback(err);
+        });
+    };
+    const pThis = this;
+    if (options.timestamped_get.length === 0) {
+        const timestamped_get = options.timestamped_get;
+        // sync version | Promise version
+        this._timestamped_get_func = timestamped_get;
+        const dataValue_verify = timestamped_get.call(pThis);
+        // dataValue_verify should be a DataValue or a Promise
+        /* c8 ignore next */
+        if (!(dataValue_verify instanceof node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue) && typeof dataValue_verify.then !== "function") {
+            errorLog(chalk_1.default.red(" Bind variable error: "), " the timestamped_get function must return a DataValue or a Promise<DataValue>" +
+                "\n value_check.constructor.name ", dataValue_verify ? dataValue_verify.constructor.name : "null");
+            throw new Error(" Bind variable error: " + " the timestamped_get function must return a DataValue");
+        }
+        _Variable_bind_with_async_refresh.call(this, { refreshFunc: async_refresh_func });
+    }
+    else if (options.timestamped_get.length === 1) {
+        _Variable_bind_with_async_refresh.call(this, { refreshFunc: options.timestamped_get });
+    }
+    else {
+        errorLog("timestamped_get has a invalid number of argument , should be 0 or 1  ");
+        throw new Error("timestamped_get has a invalid number of argument , should be 0 or 1  ");
+    }
+}
+// variation 1
+function _Variable_bind_with_simple_get(options) {
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(this instanceof UAVariableImpl);
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(typeof options.get === "function", "should specify get function");
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(options.get?.length === 0, "get function should not have arguments");
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(!options.timestamped_get, "should not specify a timestamped_get function when get is specified");
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(!this._timestamped_get_func);
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(!this._get_func);
+    this._get_func = options.get;
+    const timestamped_get_func_from__Variable_bind_with_simple_get = () => {
+        const value = this._get_func();
+        /* c8 ignore next */
+        if (!is_Variant_or_StatusCode(value)) {
+            errorLog(chalk_1.default.red(" Bind variable error: "), " : the getter must return a Variant or a StatusCode" + "\nvalue_check.constructor.name ", value ? value.constructor.name : "null");
+            throw new Error(" bindVariable : the value getter function returns a invalid result ( expecting a Variant or a StatusCode !!!");
+        }
+        if (is_StatusCode(value)) {
+            return new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue({ statusCode: value });
+        }
+        else {
+            if (!this.$dataValue?.statusCode.isGoodish() || !(0, node_opcua_variant_1.sameVariant)(this.$dataValue.value, value)) {
+                // rebuilding artificially timestamps with current clock as they are not provided
+                // by the underlying getter function
+                const { timestamp: sourceTimestamp, picoseconds: sourcePicoseconds } = (0, node_opcua_date_time_1.getCurrentClock)();
+                const serverTimestamp = sourceTimestamp;
+                const serverPicoseconds = sourcePicoseconds;
+                this._inner_replace_dataValue(new node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue({ value, sourceTimestamp, sourcePicoseconds, serverTimestamp, serverPicoseconds }));
+            }
+            return this.$dataValue;
+        }
+    };
+    _Variable_bind_with_timestamped_get.call(this, {
+        get: undefined,
+        timestamped_get: timestamped_get_func_from__Variable_bind_with_simple_get
+    });
+}
+function _Variable_bind_with_simple_set(options) {
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(this instanceof UAVariableImpl);
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(typeof options.set === "function", "should specify set function");
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(!options.timestamped_set, "should not specify a timestamped_set function");
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(!this._timestamped_set_func);
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(!this._set_func);
+    //
+    const set_func = turn_sync_to_async(options.set, 1);
+    this._set_func = set_func;
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(set_func.length === 2, " set function must have 2 arguments ( variant, callback)");
+    this._timestamped_set_func = (timestamped_value, callback) => {
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(timestamped_value instanceof node_opcua_data_value_1.DataValue);
+        set_func.call(this, timestamped_value.value, (err, statusCode) => {
+            // c8 ignore next
+            if (!err && !statusCode) {
+                errorLog(chalk_1.default.red("UAVariable Binding Error _set_func must return a StatusCode, check the bindVariable parameters"));
+                errorLog(chalk_1.default.yellow("StatusCode.Good is assumed"));
+                return callback(err, node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.Good, timestamped_value);
+            }
+            if (statusCode?.isNotGood()) {
+                // record the value but still record the statusCode !
+                timestamped_value.statusCode = statusCode;
+            }
+            callback(err, statusCode ?? node_opcua_status_code_1.StatusCodes.BadInternalError, timestamped_value);
+        });
+    };
+}
+function _Variable_bind_with_timestamped_set(options) {
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(options.timestamped_set.length === 2 || options.timestamped_set.length === 1, "timestamped_set must have 2 parameters  timestamped_set: function(dataValue,callback){} or one paramater  timestamped_set: function(dataValue): Promise<StatusCode>{}");
+    (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(!options.set, "should not specify set when timestamped_set_func exists ");
+    this._timestamped_set_func = (0, multiform_func_js_1.convertToCallbackFunction1)(options.timestamped_set);
+}
+function bind_setter(options) {
+    if (options.set && typeof options.set === "function") {
+        // variation 1
+        if (options.timestamped_set === undefined) {
+            _Variable_bind_with_simple_set.call(this, options);
+        }
+        else {
+            throw new Error("bind_setter : options should not specify both set and timestamped_set ");
+        }
+    }
+    else if (typeof options.timestamped_set === "function") {
+        // variation 2
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(typeof options.timestamped_get === "function", "timestamped_set must be used with timestamped_get ");
+        _Variable_bind_with_timestamped_set.call(this, {
+            set: undefined,
+            timestamped_set: options.timestamped_set
+        });
+    }
+    else if (typeof options.timestamped_get === "function") {
+        // timestamped_get is  specified but timestamped_set is not
+        // => Value is read-only
+        _Variable_bind_with_timestamped_set.call(this, {
+            set: undefined,
+            timestamped_set: _not_writable_timestamped_set_func
+        });
+    }
+    else {
+        _Variable_bind_with_timestamped_set.call(this, {
+            set: undefined,
+            timestamped_set: _default_writable_timestamped_set_func
+        });
+    }
+}
+function bind_getter(options) {
+    if (typeof options.get === "function") {
+        // variation 1
+        _Variable_bind_with_simple_get.call(this, options);
+    }
+    else if (typeof options.timestamped_get === "function") {
+        // variation 2
+        _Variable_bind_with_timestamped_get.call(this, {
+            get: undefined,
+            timestamped_get: options.timestamped_get
+        });
+    }
+    else if (typeof options.refreshFunc === "function") {
+        // variation 3
+        if (options.get !== undefined || options.timestamped_get !== undefined) {
+            throw new Error("bind_getter : options should not specify both get and timestamped_get ");
+        }
+        _Variable_bind_with_async_refresh.call(this, { refreshFunc: options.refreshFunc });
+    }
+    else {
+        (0, node_opcua_assert_1.assert)(!Object.hasOwn(options, "set"), "getter is missing : a getter must be provided if a setter is provided");
+        // xx bind_variant.call(this,options);
+        if (options.dataType !== undefined) {
+            // if (options.dataType !== DataType.ExtensionObject) {
+            this.setValueFromSource(options);
+            // }
+        }
+    }
+}
+class UAVariableImplT extends UAVariableImpl {
+    readValue(context, indexRange, dataEncoding) {
+        return super.readValue(context, indexRange, dataEncoding);
+    }
+    readValueAsync(context, callback) {
+        // forward the arguments we were actually given. The base method is thenified, and
+        // thenify decides between promise and callback form by argument count, so passing an
+        // explicit undefined callback makes it hand that undefined straight through.
+        if (callback === undefined) {
+            return super.readValueAsync(context);
+        }
+        super.readValueAsync(context, callback);
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    writeValue(context, dataValue, indexRangeOrCallback, callback) {
+        if (callback === undefined) {
+            if (indexRangeOrCallback === undefined) {
+                return super.writeValue(context, dataValue);
+            }
+            return super.writeValue(context, dataValue, indexRangeOrCallback);
+        }
+        return super.writeValue(context, dataValue, indexRangeOrCallback, callback);
+    }
+}
+exports.UAVariableImplT = UAVariableImplT;
+function changeUAVariableDataType(uaVariable, newDataType, valueLike) {
+    let value = valueLike ? (valueLike instanceof node_opcua_variant_1.Variant ? valueLike : new node_opcua_variant_1.Variant(valueLike)) : null;
+    const addressSpace = uaVariable.addressSpace;
+    const newDataTypeNode = addressSpace.findNode(newDataType);
+    // c8 ignore next
+    if (!newDataTypeNode || !(newDataTypeNode instanceof ua_data_type_impl_js_1.UADataTypeImpl)) {
+        throw new Error(`Cannot find newDataTypeNode ${newDataType.toString()}`);
+    }
+    const newBaseDataType = newDataTypeNode.basicDataType;
+    // c8 ignore next
+    if (newBaseDataType === node_opcua_variant_1.DataType.Null) {
+        throw new Error("newDataTypeNode must be a DataType");
+    }
+    if (!value) {
+        value = uaVariable.readValue().value;
+        value.dataType = newBaseDataType;
+    }
+    if (newBaseDataType !== value.dataType) {
+        throw new Error("newDataTypeNode must be of the same base dataType as the value");
+    }
+    // change uaVariable.dataType
+    uaVariable.dataType = newDataTypeNode.nodeId;
+    uaVariable._basicDataType = null;
+    uaVariable.$dataValue.value.dataType = newBaseDataType;
+    uaVariable.$dataValue.value = value;
+    // also change the value to ensure that we have a default value with the correct dataType
+    uaVariable._internal_set_value(value);
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=ua_variable_impl.js.map