node-av 1.0.3 → 1.2.0

package/dist/lib/packet.js

@@ -1,72 +1,57 @@
 import { bindings } from './binding.js';
 /**
- * Packet for compressed audio/video data.
+ * Container for compressed audio/video data.
  *
- * Contains compressed audio/video data read from demuxer or to be sent to muxer.
- * Packets are the fundamental unit of data exchange between demuxers, muxers,
- * encoders, and decoders in FFmpeg. User has full control over allocation and lifecycle.
+ * Stores encoded data from demuxers or to be sent to muxers. Each packet contains
+ * a portion of compressed stream data, typically one video frame or several audio frames.
+ * Includes timing information (PTS/DTS), stream index, and flags. Essential for
+ * demuxing, muxing, and codec operations.
  *
  * Direct mapping to FFmpeg's AVPacket.
  *
  * @example
  * ```typescript
- * import { Packet, FormatContext, CodecContext, FFmpegError } from 'node-av';
+ * import { Packet, FFmpegError } from 'node-av';
+ * import { AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY } from 'node-av/constants';
  *
- * // Create and allocate packet - full control
+ * // Create and allocate packet
  * const packet = new Packet();
  * packet.alloc();
  *
- * // Read from demuxer
+ * // Read packet from format context
  * const ret = await formatContext.readFrame(packet);
  * FFmpegError.throwIfError(ret, 'readFrame');
  *
- * // Process packet
- * console.log(`Stream: ${packet.streamIndex}, PTS: ${packet.pts}`);
+ * // Check packet properties
+ * console.log(`Stream: ${packet.streamIndex}`);
+ * console.log(`PTS: ${packet.pts}`);
+ * console.log(`Size: ${packet.size} bytes`);
+ * console.log(`Keyframe: ${packet.isKeyframe}`);
  *
  * // Send to decoder
- * const sendRet = await codecContext.sendPacket(packet);
- * FFmpegError.throwIfError(sendRet, 'sendPacket');
+ * const ret2 = await codecContext.sendPacket(packet);
+ * FFmpegError.throwIfError(ret2, 'sendPacket');
  *
  * // Cleanup
- * packet.unref(); // Clear data but keep packet allocated
- * packet.free();  // Free packet completely
+ * packet.unref();
  * ```
  *
- * @see {@link CodecContext} For encoding/decoding packets
+ * @see [AVPacket](https://ffmpeg.org/doxygen/trunk/structAVPacket.html) - FFmpeg Doxygen
  * @see {@link FormatContext} For reading/writing packets
+ * @see {@link CodecContext} For encoding/decoding packets
  */
 export class Packet {
     native;
-    /**
-     * Create a new packet instance.
-     *
-     * The packet is uninitialized - you must call alloc() before use.
-     * No FFmpeg resources are allocated until alloc() is called.
-     *
-     * Direct wrapper around AVPacket allocation.
-     *
-     * @example
-     * ```typescript
-     * import { Packet } from 'node-av';
-     *
-     * const packet = new Packet();
-     * packet.alloc();
-     * // Packet is now ready for use
-     *
-     * // Always free when done
-     * packet.free();
-     * ```
-     */
     constructor() {
         this.native = new bindings.Packet();
     }
     /**
      * Stream index this packet belongs to.
      *
-     * Direct mapping to AVPacket->stream_index
+     * Identifies which stream in a format context this packet is from/for.
+     * Set automatically when reading, must be set manually when writing.
      *
-     * Set by demuxer to indicate which stream this packet belongs to.
-     * Must be set by user for muxing.
+     * Direct mapping to AVPacket->stream_index.
      */
     get streamIndex() {
         return this.native.streamIndex;
@@ -75,16 +60,12 @@ export class Packet {
         this.native.streamIndex = value;
     }
     /**
-     * Presentation timestamp in AVStream->time_base units.
+     * Presentation timestamp.
      *
-     * Direct mapping to AVPacket->pts
+     * Time when the decompressed packet should be presented to the user.
+     * In stream time base units. AV_NOPTS_VALUE if unknown.
      *
-     * The time at which the decompressed packet will be presented to the user.
-     * Can be AV_NOPTS_VALUE if it is not stored in the file.
-     * pts MUST be larger or equal to dts as presentation cannot happen before
-     * decompression, unless one wants to view hex dumps. Some formats misuse
-     * the terms dts and pts/cts to mean something different. Such timestamps
-     * must be converted to true pts/dts before they are stored in AVPacket.
+     * Direct mapping to AVPacket->pts.
      */
     get pts() {
         return this.native.pts;
@@ -93,12 +74,12 @@ export class Packet {
         this.native.pts = value;
     }
     /**
-     * Decompression timestamp in AVStream->time_base units.
+     * Decompression timestamp.
      *
-     * Direct mapping to AVPacket->dts
+     * Time when the packet should be decompressed.
+     * In stream time base units. AV_NOPTS_VALUE if unknown.
      *
-     * The time at which the packet is decompressed.
-     * Can be AV_NOPTS_VALUE if it is not stored in the file.
+     * Direct mapping to AVPacket->dts.
      */
     get dts() {
         return this.native.dts;
@@ -107,11 +88,12 @@ export class Packet {
         this.native.dts = value;
     }
     /**
-     * Duration of this packet in AVStream->time_base units, 0 if unknown.
+     * Duration of this packet.
      *
-     * Direct mapping to AVPacket->duration
+     * Duration in stream time base units, 0 if unknown.
+     * Typically equal to next_pts - this_pts.
      *
-     * Equals next_pts - this_pts in presentation order.
+     * Direct mapping to AVPacket->duration.
      */
     get duration() {
         return this.native.duration;
@@ -120,11 +102,12 @@ export class Packet {
         this.native.duration = value;
     }
     /**
-     * Byte position in stream, -1 if unknown.
+     * Byte position in stream.
      *
-     * Direct mapping to AVPacket->pos
+     * Byte position of packet data in the input file.
+     * -1 if unknown.
      *
-     * Can be used to derive seeking positions for formats without timestamps.
+     * Direct mapping to AVPacket->pos.
      */
     get pos() {
         return this.native.pos;
@@ -135,23 +118,18 @@ export class Packet {
     /**
      * Size of packet data in bytes.
      *
-     * Direct mapping to AVPacket->size
-     *
-     * @readonly
+     * Direct mapping to AVPacket->size.
      */
     get size() {
         return this.native.size;
     }
     /**
-     * A combination of AV_PKT_FLAG values.
+     * Packet flags.
      *
-     * Direct mapping to AVPacket->flags
+     * Combination of AV_PKT_FLAG values indicating packet properties
+     * (e.g., AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY for keyframes).
      *
-     * - AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY: The packet contains a keyframe
-     * - AV_PKT_FLAG_CORRUPT: The packet content is corrupted
-     * - AV_PKT_FLAG_DISCARD: Flag for packets that should be dropped
-     * - AV_PKT_FLAG_TRUSTED: The packet comes from a trusted source
-     * - AV_PKT_FLAG_DISPOSABLE: Flag for packets that can be dropped if needed
+     * Direct mapping to AVPacket->flags.
      */
     get flags() {
         return this.native.flags;
@@ -162,11 +140,10 @@ export class Packet {
     /**
      * Packet data buffer.
      *
-     * Direct mapping to AVPacket->data
+     * Contains the compressed audio/video data.
+     * May be null for packets signaling special conditions.
      *
-     * Can be null if the packet is empty or unallocated.
-     * Setting null will unref the packet data.
-     * When setting a new buffer, av_packet_from_data() is called internally.
+     * Direct mapping to AVPacket->data.
      */
     get data() {
         return this.native.data;
@@ -177,7 +154,8 @@ export class Packet {
     /**
      * Check if packet contains a keyframe.
      *
-     * This is a convenience accessor for the AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY flag.
+     * Convenience property that checks AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY flag.
+     * Keyframes can be decoded independently without reference frames.
      */
     get isKeyframe() {
         return this.native.isKeyframe;
@@ -186,28 +164,23 @@ export class Packet {
         this.native.isKeyframe = value;
     }
     /**
-     * Allocate an AVPacket and set its fields to default values.
+     * Allocate a new packet.
      *
-     * Allocates the AVPacket structure and initializes all fields to default values.
-     * This only allocates the packet structure itself, not the data buffers.
+     * Allocates the packet structure. Must be called before using the packet
+     * unless it was created by another function (e.g., clone()).
      *
-     * Direct mapping to av_packet_alloc()
+     * Direct mapping to av_packet_alloc().
      *
-     * @throws {Error} Memory allocation failure (ENOMEM)
+     * @throws {Error} If allocation fails (ENOMEM)
      *
      * @example
      * ```typescript
-     * import { Packet } from 'node-av';
-     *
      * const packet = new Packet();
      * packet.alloc();
-     * // Packet is now allocated with default values
-     * // pts = AV_NOPTS_VALUE, dts = AV_NOPTS_VALUE
-     * // size = 0, data = null
+     * // Packet is now ready for use
      * ```
      *
-     * @see {@link free} Must be called when done
-     * @see {@link unref} To clear data but keep allocation
+     * @see {@link free} To deallocate the packet
      */
     alloc() {
         this.native.alloc();
@@ -215,109 +188,91 @@ export class Packet {
     /**
      * Free the packet.
      *
-     * Direct mapping to av_packet_free()
+     * Deallocates the packet and its data. The packet becomes invalid after this.
      *
-     * If the packet has a reference counted buffer, it will be unreferenced first.
-     * After calling this, the packet is no longer usable until alloc() is called again.
-     *
-     * @note
-     * Calling this multiple times is safe, because we check the freed state
+     * Direct mapping to av_packet_free().
      *
      * @example
      * ```typescript
      * packet.free();
-     * // packet is now invalid and should not be used
+     * // Packet is now invalid
      * ```
+     *
+     * @see {@link unref} To only free data, keeping structure
      */
     free() {
         this.native.free();
     }
     /**
-     * Setup a new reference to the data described by a given packet.
+     * Create a reference to another packet.
      *
-     * If src is reference counted, increase its reference count.
-     * Otherwise allocate a new buffer for dst and copy the data from src into it.
-     * All the other fields are copied from src.
+     * Sets up this packet as a reference to the source packet's data.
+     * Both packets will share the same data buffer.
      *
-     * Direct mapping to av_packet_ref()
+     * Direct mapping to av_packet_ref().
      *
      * @param src - Source packet to reference
-     *
      * @returns 0 on success, negative AVERROR on error:
-     *   - 0: Success
-     *   - AVERROR(ENOMEM): Memory allocation failure
-     *   - AVERROR(EINVAL): Invalid parameters (null packet)
+     *   - AVERROR_ENOMEM: Memory allocation failure
+     *   - AVERROR_EINVAL: Invalid parameters
      *
      * @example
      * ```typescript
-     * import { Packet, FFmpegError } from 'node-av';
+     * import { FFmpegError } from 'node-av';
      *
-     * const src = new Packet();
-     * // ... src contains data ...
-     * const dst = new Packet();
-     * dst.alloc();
-     *
-     * const ret = dst.ref(src);
-     * FFmpegError.throwIfError(ret, 'packet.ref');
-     * // dst now references the same data as src
+     * const packet2 = new Packet();
+     * packet2.alloc();
+     * const ret = packet2.ref(packet1);
+     * FFmpegError.throwIfError(ret, 'ref');
+     * // packet2 now references packet1's data
      * ```
      *
      * @see {@link unref} To remove reference
-     * @see {@link clone} For simpler cloning
+     * @see {@link clone} To create independent copy
      */
     ref(src) {
         return this.native.ref(src.getNative());
     }
     /**
-     * Wipe the packet.
-     *
-     * Direct mapping to av_packet_unref()
+     * Unreference the packet.
      *
-     * Unreference the buffer referenced by the packet and reset the
-     * remaining packet fields to their default values.
+     * Frees the packet data if this was the last reference.
+     * The packet structure remains allocated and can be reused.
      *
-     * The packet remains allocated and can be reused.
+     * Direct mapping to av_packet_unref().
      *
      * @example
      * ```typescript
      * packet.unref();
-     * // Packet data is cleared but packet remains allocated
-     * // Can reuse the packet for another read
+     * // Packet data is freed, structure can be reused
      * ```
      *
-     * @note The packet must have been allocated with alloc().
+     * @see {@link ref} To create reference
+     * @see {@link free} To free everything
      */
     unref() {
         this.native.unref();
     }
     /**
-     * Create a new packet that references the same data as this packet.
+     * Clone the packet.
      *
-     * This is a shortcut for av_packet_alloc() + av_packet_ref().
-     * The new packet shares the same data buffer through reference counting.
+     * Creates an independent copy of the packet with its own data buffer.
+     * The new packet has the same content but can be modified independently.
      *
-     * Direct mapping to av_packet_clone()
+     * Direct mapping to av_packet_clone().
      *
-     * @returns New packet referencing the same data, or null on error (ENOMEM)
+     * @returns New packet instance, or null on allocation failure
      *
      * @example
      * ```typescript
-     * import { Packet } from 'node-av';
-     *
-     * const original = new Packet();
-     * // ... original contains data ...
-     *
-     * const cloned = original.clone();
-     * if (!cloned) {
-     *   throw new Error('Failed to clone packet: Out of memory');
+     * const copy = packet.clone();
+     * if (copy) {
+     *   // Modify copy without affecting original
+     *   copy.pts = packet.pts + 1000n;
      * }
-     * // cloned references the same data as original
-     * // Both packets must be freed independently
-     * cloned.free();
-     * original.free();
      * ```
      *
-     * @see {@link ref} For manual reference setup
+     * @see {@link ref} To create reference instead of copy
      */
     clone() {
         const cloned = this.native.clone();
@@ -326,200 +281,188 @@ export class Packet {
         }
         // Wrap the native cloned packet
         const packet = Object.create(Packet.prototype);
-        // Need to set private property - this is safe since we control the implementation
         packet.native = cloned;
         return packet;
     }
     /**
-     * Convert valid timing fields (timestamps / durations) in a packet from one timebase to another.
+     * Rescale packet timestamps.
      *
-     * Timestamps with unknown values (AV_NOPTS_VALUE) will be ignored.
-     * This function is useful when you need to convert packet timestamps between
-     * different contexts, for example when remuxing or when the decoder and encoder
-     * use different timebases.
+     * Converts PTS, DTS, and duration from one time base to another.
+     * Essential when moving packets between streams with different time bases.
      *
-     * Direct mapping to av_packet_rescale_ts()
+     * Direct mapping to av_packet_rescale_ts().
      *
-     * @param srcTimebase - Source timebase, in which the timestamps are expressed
-     * @param dstTimebase - Destination timebase, to which the timestamps will be converted
+     * @param srcTimebase - Source time base
+     * @param dstTimebase - Destination time base
      *
      * @example
      * ```typescript
-     * import { Packet, Rational } from 'node-av';
-     *
-     * // Convert from stream timebase to codec timebase
-     * const streamTimebase = new Rational(1, 90000); // 90kHz
-     * const codecTimebase = new Rational(1, 25); // 25 fps
+     * import { Rational } from 'node-av';
      *
-     * packet.rescaleTs(
-     *   streamTimebase,
-     *   codecTimebase
-     * );
-     * // PTS and DTS are now in codec timebase
+     * // Convert from 1/25 fps to 1/1000 (milliseconds)
+     * const src = new Rational(1, 25);
+     * const dst = new Rational(1, 1000);
+     * packet.rescaleTs(src, dst);
      * ```
-     *
-     * @see {@link Rational} For timebase representation
      */
     rescaleTs(srcTimebase, dstTimebase) {
         this.native.rescaleTs({ num: srcTimebase.num, den: srcTimebase.den }, { num: dstTimebase.num, den: dstTimebase.den });
     }
     /**
-     * Ensure the data described by the packet is reference counted.
+     * Ensure packet data is reference counted.
      *
-     * Makes the packet data reference counted if it isn't already.
-     * This is useful when you need to share packet data between multiple owners.
+     * Makes sure the packet data is stored in a reference-counted buffer.
+     * If not already reference-counted, allocates a new buffer and copies data.
      *
-     * Direct mapping to av_packet_make_refcounted()
+     * Direct mapping to av_packet_make_refcounted().
      *
      * @returns 0 on success, negative AVERROR on error:
-     *   - 0: Success (data is now reference counted)
-     *   - AVERROR(ENOMEM): Memory allocation failure
+     *   - AVERROR_ENOMEM: Memory allocation failure
+     *   - AVERROR_EINVAL: Invalid packet
      *
      * @example
      * ```typescript
-     * import { Packet, FFmpegError } from 'node-av';
+     * import { FFmpegError } from 'node-av';
      *
      * const ret = packet.makeRefcounted();
      * FFmpegError.throwIfError(ret, 'makeRefcounted');
-     * // Packet data is now reference counted
-     * // Safe to share with multiple owners
      * ```
-     *
-     * Note: This function does not ensure that the reference will be writable.
-     * Use makeWritable() for that purpose.
-     *
-     * @see {@link makeWritable} To ensure data is writable
      */
     makeRefcounted() {
         return this.native.makeRefcounted();
     }
     /**
-     * Create a writable reference for the data described by the packet.
+     * Ensure packet data is writable.
      *
-     * If the packet data buffer is already writable, this does nothing.
-     * Otherwise, a new buffer is allocated, data is copied, and the old buffer
-     * is unreferenced. This avoids data copy if possible.
+     * Creates a private copy of the data if it's shared with other packets.
+     * Call before modifying packet data to avoid affecting other references.
      *
-     * Direct mapping to av_packet_make_writable()
+     * Direct mapping to av_packet_make_writable().
      *
      * @returns 0 on success, negative AVERROR on error:
-     *   - 0: Success (data is now writable)
-     *   - AVERROR(ENOMEM): Memory allocation failure
+     *   - AVERROR_ENOMEM: Memory allocation failure
+     *   - AVERROR_EINVAL: Invalid packet
      *
      * @example
      * ```typescript
-     * import { Packet, FFmpegError } from 'node-av';
+     * import { FFmpegError } from 'node-av';
      *
-     * // Before modifying packet data
+     * // Ensure we can safely modify data
      * const ret = packet.makeWritable();
      * FFmpegError.throwIfError(ret, 'makeWritable');
-     *
-     * // Now safe to modify packet data
-     * const data = packet.data;
-     * if (data) {
-     *   // Modify data buffer directly
-     *   data[0] = 0xFF;
-     * }
+     * // Now safe to modify packet.data
      * ```
-     *
-     * @see {@link makeRefcounted} To make data reference counted
      */
     makeWritable() {
         return this.native.makeWritable();
     }
     /**
-     * Get side data from the packet.
+     * Get packet side data.
+     *
+     * Retrieves additional data associated with the packet
+     * (e.g., palette data, quality stats, encryption info).
      *
-     * Direct mapping to av_packet_get_side_data()
+     * Direct mapping to av_packet_get_side_data().
      *
-     * @param type - The type of side data to retrieve
-     * @returns Buffer containing the side data, or null if not found
+     * @param type - Type of side data to retrieve
+     * @returns Side data buffer, or null if not present
      *
      * @example
      * ```typescript
-     * import { Packet } from 'node-av';
      * import { AV_PKT_DATA_PALETTE } from 'node-av/constants';
      *
-     * const paletteData = packet.getSideData(AV_PKT_DATA_PALETTE);
-     * if (paletteData) {
-     *   console.log('Palette data size:', paletteData.length);
+     * const palette = packet.getSideData(AV_PKT_DATA_PALETTE);
+     * if (palette) {
+     *   console.log(`Palette size: ${palette.length} bytes`);
      * }
      * ```
+     *
+     * @see {@link addSideData} To add side data
+     * @see {@link newSideData} To allocate new side data
      */
     getSideData(type) {
         return this.native.getSideData(type);
     }
     /**
-     * Add side data to the packet.
+     * Add side data to packet.
      *
-     * Allocates and adds side data to the packet. The data is copied.
-     * Direct mapping to av_packet_add_side_data()
+     * Attaches additional data to the packet. The data is copied.
      *
-     * @param type - The type of side data to add
-     * @param data - Buffer containing the side data
-     * @returns 0 on success, negative AVERROR on failure
+     * Direct mapping to av_packet_add_side_data().
+     *
+     * @param type - Type of side data
+     * @param data - Side data buffer
+     * @returns 0 on success, negative AVERROR on error:
+     *   - AVERROR_ENOMEM: Memory allocation failure
+     *   - AVERROR_EINVAL: Invalid parameters
      *
      * @example
      * ```typescript
-     * import { Packet } from 'node-av';
+     * import { FFmpegError } from 'node-av';
      * import { AV_PKT_DATA_NEW_EXTRADATA } from 'node-av/constants';
      *
-     * const extraData = Buffer.from([0x01, 0x02, 0x03]);
-     * const ret = packet.addSideData(AV_PKT_DATA_NEW_EXTRADATA, extraData);
-     * if (ret < 0) {
-     *   console.error('Failed to add side data');
-     * }
+     * const extradata = Buffer.from([...]);
+     * const ret = packet.addSideData(AV_PKT_DATA_NEW_EXTRADATA, extradata);
+     * FFmpegError.throwIfError(ret, 'addSideData');
      * ```
+     *
+     * @see {@link getSideData} To retrieve side data
+     * @see {@link newSideData} To allocate in-place
      */
     addSideData(type, data) {
         return this.native.addSideData(type, data);
     }
     /**
-     * Allocate new side data for the packet.
+     * Allocate new side data.
+     *
+     * Allocates side data buffer attached to the packet.
+     * Returns buffer that can be written to directly.
+     *
+     * Direct mapping to av_packet_new_side_data().
      *
-     * Allocates a new side data buffer of the specified size.
-     * Returns a Buffer that references the allocated memory.
-     * Direct mapping to av_packet_new_side_data()
+     * @param type - Type of side data
+     * @param size - Size in bytes to allocate
+     * @returns Allocated buffer for writing
      *
-     * @param type - The type of side data to allocate
-     * @param size - Size of the side data buffer to allocate
-     * @returns Buffer referencing the allocated side data
      * @throws {Error} If allocation fails
      *
      * @example
      * ```typescript
-     * import { Packet } from 'node-av';
-     * import { AV_PKT_DATA_STRINGS_METADATA } from 'node-av/constants';
+     * import { AV_PKT_DATA_NEW_EXTRADATA } from 'node-av/constants';
      *
-     * // Allocate 256 bytes for metadata
-     * const metadataBuffer = packet.newSideData(AV_PKT_DATA_STRINGS_METADATA, 256);
-     * // Write metadata to the buffer
-     * metadataBuffer.write('key=value', 0, 'utf8');
+     * // Allocate and write side data directly
+     * const sideData = packet.newSideData(AV_PKT_DATA_NEW_EXTRADATA, 16);
+     * sideData.writeUInt32LE(0x12345678, 0);
      * ```
+     *
+     * @see {@link getSideData} To retrieve side data
+     * @see {@link addSideData} To add existing buffer
      */
     newSideData(type, size) {
         return this.native.newSideData(type, size);
     }
     /**
-     * Free all side data from the packet.
+     * Free all side data.
+     *
+     * Removes all side data attached to the packet.
      *
-     * Removes and frees all side data attached to the packet.
-     * Direct mapping to av_packet_free_side_data()
+     * Direct mapping to av_packet_free_side_data().
      *
      * @example
      * ```typescript
-     * // Remove all side data from the packet
      * packet.freeSideData();
+     * // All side data removed
      * ```
      */
     freeSideData() {
         this.native.freeSideData();
     }
     /**
-     * Get the native FFmpeg AVPacket pointer.
+     * Get the underlying native Packet object.
      *
-     * @internal For use by other wrapper classes
-     * @returns The underlying native packet object
+     * @returns The native Packet binding object
+     *
+     * @internal
      */
     getNative() {
         return this.native;
@@ -532,23 +475,11 @@ export class Packet {
      *
      * @example
      * ```typescript
-     * import { Packet } from 'node-av';
-     *
-     * // Using 'using' declaration for automatic cleanup
      * {
      *   using packet = new Packet();
      *   packet.alloc();
-     *   // ... use packet
+     *   // Use packet...
      * } // Automatically freed when leaving scope
-     *
-     * // Or with try-finally
-     * const packet = new Packet();
-     * try {
-     *   packet.alloc();
-     *   // ... use packet
-     * } finally {
-     *   packet[Symbol.dispose]();
-     * }
      * ```
      */
     [Symbol.dispose]() {