neonctl 2.22.2 → 2.23.1

package/psql/command/cmd_meta.js

@@ -0,0 +1,970 @@
+/**
+ * Meta backslash commands.
+ *
+ * TypeScript port of the corresponding `exec_command_*` functions in
+ * upstream PostgreSQL's `src/bin/psql/command.c`:
+ *
+ *   - `\q` / `\quit`              → exec_command_quit
+ *   - `\r` / `\reset`             → exec_command_reset
+ *   - `\!`                        → exec_command_shell_escape (do_shell)
+ *   - `\cd`                       → exec_command_cd
+ *   - `\echo`, `\qecho`, `\warn`  → exec_command_echo / qecho / warn
+ *   - `\prompt`                   → exec_command_prompt
+ *   - `\set`, `\unset`            → exec_command_set / exec_command_unset
+ *   - `\getenv`, `\setenv`        → exec_command_getenv / exec_command_setenv
+ *   - `\errverbose`               → exec_command_errverbose
+ *   - `\timing`                   → exec_command_timing
+ *   - `\copyright`                → exec_command_copyright
+ *   - `\h` / `\help`              → exec_command_help (helpSQL)
+ *
+ * Each command is exported as a `BackslashCmdSpec` so {@link defaultRegistry}
+ * in `dispatch.ts` can register them. Error messages follow upstream's
+ * `\<cmd>: <message>` shape and go to stderr; on failure we return
+ * `{ status: 'error' }`. Successful invocations return `{ status: 'ok' }`.
+ *
+ * Stubs / deferred behaviour:
+ *
+ *   - `\!` always returns `{ status: 'ok' }` — upstream does not propagate
+ *     the child's exit status to the surrounding script, only the run-mode.
+ *     Tests use a stdio mock; in interactive use the child inherits stdio.
+ *   - `\prompt -` (no-echo password prompting) reads via the shared input
+ *     layer with echo suppressed on a TTY (falling back to a plain read on
+ *     non-interactive input).
+ *   - `\qecho` writes to `settings.logfile` if set, else stdout. Upstream
+ *     additionally honours a separate "query output" file set via `\o`;
+ *     that wiring lives in WP-15 and we leave the hook in place.
+ */
+import { spawnSync } from 'node:child_process';
+import { mkdtempSync, readFileSync, rmSync, writeFileSync } from 'node:fs';
+import { tmpdir } from 'node:os';
+import { join } from 'node:path';
+import { readLine } from '../io/input.js';
+import { getHistory } from '../io/history.js';
+import { slashUsage } from '../core/help.js';
+import { helpSQL } from '../core/help.js';
+import { writeOut, writeErr, parseBool } from './shared.js';
+/** `\q` / `\quit` — exit the REPL. */
+export const cmdQuit = {
+    name: 'q',
+    aliases: ['quit'],
+    helpKey: 'q',
+    run: () => Promise.resolve({ status: 'exit' }),
+};
+/**
+ * `\!` — shell escape. Whole-line mode: the entire rest of the line is the
+ * command string.
+ *
+ *   - `\!` (no args)             → spawn `$SHELL -i` (fallback `sh -i`)
+ *   - `\!command args`           → spawn `sh -c 'command args'`
+ *
+ * In both cases the child inherits stdio and we return `{ status: 'ok' }`
+ * regardless of the child's exit status — matching upstream `do_shell`,
+ * which keeps the REPL alive after a failing shell command rather than
+ * propagating the exit code. Catching a spawn-time exception keeps us
+ * resilient against environments where `sh` is unavailable.
+ */
+export const cmdShell = {
+    name: '!',
+    argMode: 'whole-line',
+    helpKey: '!',
+    run: (ctx) => {
+        const line = ctx.restOfLine().trim();
+        try {
+            if (line.length === 0) {
+                const shell = process.env.SHELL ?? '/bin/sh';
+                spawnSync(shell, ['-i'], { stdio: 'inherit' });
+            }
+            else {
+                spawnSync('sh', ['-c', line], { stdio: 'inherit' });
+            }
+        }
+        catch {
+            // Upstream `do_shell` swallows shell-spawn failures: the REPL has to
+            // keep running even when the child won't start. Status stays `ok` so
+            // a failing `\!` is purely informational.
+        }
+        return Promise.resolve({ status: 'ok' });
+    },
+};
+/** `\cd [dir]` — change cwd. No arg falls back to `$HOME`. */
+export const cmdCd = {
+    name: 'cd',
+    helpKey: 'cd',
+    run: (ctx) => {
+        const dir = ctx.nextArg('normal');
+        const target = dir && dir.length > 0 ? dir : (process.env.HOME ?? null);
+        if (!target) {
+            writeErr(`\\${ctx.cmdName}: could not determine home directory\n`);
+            return Promise.resolve({ status: 'error' });
+        }
+        try {
+            process.chdir(target);
+            return Promise.resolve({ status: 'ok' });
+        }
+        catch (err) {
+            const msg = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
+            writeErr(`\\${ctx.cmdName}: ${msg}\n`);
+            return Promise.resolve({ status: 'error' });
+        }
+    },
+};
+/**
+ * Helper for `\echo` / `\qecho` / `\warn`. Reads args until exhausted,
+ * honours the leading `-n` flag (suppresses trailing newline), joins with
+ * single spaces, and writes to the chosen stream.
+ *
+ * Upstream `exec_command_echo` only treats `-n` as a flag when the source
+ * was the unquoted two-character token `-n`. `'-n'` (single-quoted) is a
+ * literal value: it should be printed AND the trailing newline kept. We
+ * inspect `ctx.rawArgs` directly because `nextArg` discards quote
+ * metadata after lexing.
+ */
+const runEcho = (ctx, write) => {
+    const parts = [];
+    let noNewline = false;
+    let first = true;
+    // Pre-scan the raw text to decide whether the first arg was the
+    // unquoted `-n` token. We can't rely on the lexed arg value alone:
+    // `'-n'` / `"-n"` produce the same string but must be treated as data.
+    const firstArgIsUnquotedDashN = (() => {
+        let i = 0;
+        while (i < ctx.rawArgs.length && /\s/.test(ctx.rawArgs[i]))
+            i++;
+        return (ctx.rawArgs.slice(i, i + 2) === '-n' &&
+            (i + 2 === ctx.rawArgs.length || /\s/.test(ctx.rawArgs[i + 2])));
+    })();
+    for (;;) {
+        const arg = ctx.nextArg('normal');
+        if (arg === null)
+            break;
+        if (first && firstArgIsUnquotedDashN && arg === '-n') {
+            noNewline = true;
+            first = false;
+            continue;
+        }
+        first = false;
+        parts.push(arg);
+    }
+    const out = parts.join(' ') + (noNewline ? '' : '\n');
+    write(out);
+    return { status: 'ok' };
+};
+/** `\echo` — write args to stdout. */
+export const cmdEcho = {
+    name: 'echo',
+    helpKey: 'echo',
+    run: (ctx) => Promise.resolve(runEcho(ctx, writeOut)),
+};
+/** `\qecho` — write args to the query output (logfile if set, else stdout). */
+export const cmdQecho = {
+    name: 'qecho',
+    helpKey: 'qecho',
+    run: (ctx) => {
+        const { logfile } = ctx.settings;
+        const write = (s) => {
+            if (logfile) {
+                logfile.write(s);
+            }
+            else {
+                writeOut(s);
+            }
+        };
+        return Promise.resolve(runEcho(ctx, write));
+    },
+};
+/** `\warn` — write args to stderr. */
+export const cmdWarn = {
+    name: 'warn',
+    helpKey: 'warn',
+    run: (ctx) => Promise.resolve(runEcho(ctx, writeErr)),
+};
+/**
+ * `\prompt [TEXT] varname`
+ *
+ * Upstream: read one line of input from the terminal, optionally with a
+ * prompt prefix, and assign it to a psql variable. A leading `-` flag
+ * requests a no-echo read (used for password prompts); we honour it by
+ * reading through the shared input layer with echo suppressed on a TTY
+ * (and a plain read otherwise — non-interactive input still consumes the
+ * line, matching upstream).
+ *
+ * Args after the optional `-` flag are `[TEXT] varname`: if only one
+ * remains it is the variable name and no prompt prefix is shown; if two,
+ * the first is the prompt and the second the variable.
+ */
+export const cmdPrompt = {
+    name: 'prompt',
+    helpKey: 'prompt',
+    run: async (ctx) => {
+        const args = [];
+        for (;;) {
+            const a = ctx.nextArg('normal');
+            if (a === null)
+                break;
+            args.push(a);
+        }
+        // A leading `-` selects the no-echo (password) read path.
+        let echo = true;
+        if (args.length > 0 && args[0] === '-') {
+            echo = false;
+            args.shift();
+        }
+        if (args.length === 0) {
+            writeErr(`\\${ctx.cmdName}: missing required argument\n`);
+            return { status: 'error' };
+        }
+        let promptText = '';
+        let varname;
+        if (args.length === 1) {
+            varname = args[0];
+        }
+        else {
+            promptText = args[0];
+            varname = args[1];
+        }
+        const line = await readLine(promptText, { echo });
+        if (!ctx.settings.vars.set(varname, line)) {
+            writeErr(`\\${ctx.cmdName}: invalid variable name "${varname}"\n`);
+            return { status: 'error' };
+        }
+        return { status: 'ok' };
+    },
+};
+/**
+ * `\set [varname [value...]]`
+ *
+ * - No args → list all variables (sorted, `name = 'value'` per line) to
+ *   stdout. Upstream uses single-quotes around the value.
+ * - One arg → set the variable to the empty string.
+ * - More args → join the rest with a single space and set the variable.
+ *
+ * Diagnostics mirror upstream `exec_command_set` in `src/bin/psql/command.c`:
+ *
+ *   - Names containing characters outside `[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*` produce
+ *     `invalid variable name: "<name>"` (prefixed with `psql: `).
+ *   - Per-variable hook rejections (AUTOCOMMIT / FETCH_COUNT /
+ *     ON_ERROR_ROLLBACK / VERBOSITY / etc.) carry the hook's message
+ *     verbatim; we add only the `psql: ` prefix.
+ *   - Hook vetoes with no message fall back to a generic line. This
+ *     should not happen in practice — every registered hook either
+ *     accepts or returns a wording string.
+ */
+export const cmdSet = {
+    name: 'set',
+    helpKey: 'set',
+    run: (ctx) => {
+        const name = ctx.nextArg('normal');
+        if (name === null) {
+            // List all vars sorted by name.
+            const entries = [...ctx.settings.vars.entries()].sort(([a], [b]) => a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0);
+            for (const [k, v] of entries) {
+                writeOut(`${k} = '${v}'\n`);
+            }
+            return Promise.resolve({ status: 'ok' });
+        }
+        const values = [];
+        for (;;) {
+            const a = ctx.nextArg('normal');
+            if (a === null)
+                break;
+            values.push(a);
+        }
+        const value = values.join('');
+        const result = ctx.settings.vars.trySet(name, value);
+        if (!result.ok) {
+            const prefix = psqlErrorPrefix(ctx.settings);
+            if (result.reason === 'invalid-name') {
+                writeErr(`${prefix}invalid variable name: "${name}"\n`);
+            }
+            else if (result.error !== undefined) {
+                // Hook supplied its own wording — emit verbatim, prefixed with
+                // `psql: `. The message intentionally does NOT carry a severity
+                // (`error:` / `ERROR:`) because upstream's per-variable hooks
+                // also emit just `psql: <msg>` (see `bool_substitute_hook` etc.).
+                writeErr(`${prefix}${result.error}\n`);
+            }
+            else {
+                // Hook returned `false` without a message — fall back to a
+                // generic line so callers still see something. None of the
+                // built-in hooks take this path, but third-party callers might.
+                writeErr(`${prefix}error while setting variable "${name}"\n`);
+            }
+            return Promise.resolve({ status: 'error' });
+        }
+        return Promise.resolve({ status: 'ok' });
+    },
+};
+/**
+ * `\r` / `\reset` — discard the accumulated query buffer.
+ *
+ * Mirrors upstream `exec_command_reset`:
+ *
+ *   resetPQExpBuffer(query_buf);
+ *   psql_scan_reset(scan_state);
+ *   if (!pset.quiet)
+ *     puts(_("Query buffer reset (cleared)."));
+ *
+ * We model the buffer + scanner reset via `status: 'reset-buf'`; the
+ * mainloop wipes `queryBuf` and re-initialises `scanState` when it sees
+ * this. The diagnostic is gated on the `quiet` setting so `psql -q` (and
+ * the regress harness, which passes `--quiet`) produces no output.
+ */
+export const cmdReset = {
+    name: 'r',
+    aliases: ['reset'],
+    helpKey: 'r',
+    run: (ctx) => {
+        if (!ctx.settings.quiet) {
+            writeOut('Query buffer reset (cleared).\n');
+        }
+        return Promise.resolve({ status: 'reset-buf', newBuf: '' });
+    },
+};
+/** `\unset varname` — unset a psql variable. */
+export const cmdUnset = {
+    name: 'unset',
+    helpKey: 'unset',
+    run: (ctx) => {
+        const name = ctx.nextArg('normal');
+        if (name === null) {
+            writeErr(`\\${ctx.cmdName}: missing required argument\n`);
+            return Promise.resolve({ status: 'error' });
+        }
+        ctx.settings.vars.unset(name);
+        return Promise.resolve({ status: 'ok' });
+    },
+};
+export const cmdGetenv = {
+    name: 'getenv',
+    helpKey: 'getenv',
+    run: (ctx) => {
+        const varname = ctx.nextArg('normal');
+        const envname = ctx.nextArg('normal');
+        if (varname === null || envname === null) {
+            writeErr(`\\${ctx.cmdName}: missing required argument\n`);
+            return Promise.resolve({ status: 'error' });
+        }
+        const value = process.env[envname];
+        if (value === undefined) {
+            return Promise.resolve({ status: 'ok' });
+        }
+        if (!ctx.settings.vars.set(varname, value)) {
+            writeErr(`\\${ctx.cmdName}: invalid variable name "${varname}"\n`);
+            return Promise.resolve({ status: 'error' });
+        }
+        return Promise.resolve({ status: 'ok' });
+    },
+};
+/**
+ * `\setenv envvar [value]`
+ *
+ * Set `process.env[envvar] = value`; with no value, delete it. Upstream
+ * rejects names containing `=`.
+ */
+export const cmdSetenv = {
+    name: 'setenv',
+    helpKey: 'setenv',
+    run: (ctx) => {
+        const envname = ctx.nextArg('normal');
+        if (envname === null) {
+            writeErr(`\\${ctx.cmdName}: missing required argument\n`);
+            return Promise.resolve({ status: 'error' });
+        }
+        if (envname.includes('=')) {
+            writeErr(`\\${ctx.cmdName}: environment variable name must not contain "="\n`);
+            return Promise.resolve({ status: 'error' });
+        }
+        // Upstream `exec_command_setenv` reads BOTH the name AND the value with
+        // OT_NORMAL — `:VAR` substitution applies to the value so
+        // `\setenv FOO :BAR` propagates the psql-variable value into the env.
+        // (Earlier 'no-vars' was a misread; vanilla psql expands inside the
+        // value.) The mainloop context maintains a per-mode cursor, so using
+        // a single mode for both calls also keeps positional reads in sync —
+        // each cursor advances exactly once per call.
+        const value = ctx.nextArg('normal');
+        if (value === null) {
+            // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-dynamic-delete
+            delete process.env[envname];
+        }
+        else {
+            process.env[envname] = value;
+        }
+        return Promise.resolve({ status: 'ok' });
+    },
+};
+/**
+ * Build the `psql:` diagnostic prefix that upstream `pg_log_pre_callback`
+ * prepends to error lines, but ONLY when reading from a script file. Mirrors:
+ *
+ *   if (cur_cmd_source == QUERY_FROM_FILE)
+ *       fprintf(stderr, "psql:%s:%d: ", cur_cmd_filename, cur_cmd_lineno);
+ *
+ *   - `curCmdSource === 'file'` (running under `-f FILE`, `\i FILE`,
+ *     `\ir FILE`, or `.psqlrc`): `psql:<inputfile>:<lineno>: `.
+ *   - Stdin pipe, `-c "..."`, interactive REPL: empty string — vanilla
+ *     `psql --no-psqlrc -X` reading SQL from stdin emits NO prefix on
+ *     either `\set` validation errors or server `ERROR:` lines.
+ *
+ * Returned string ends in a trailing space when non-empty so callers can
+ * concatenate the severity directly (`prefix + 'ERROR:  msg'`).
+ */
+export const psqlErrorPrefix = (settings, lineNumber) => {
+    if (settings.curCmdSource === 'file' && settings.inputfile) {
+        const lineSuffix = lineNumber !== undefined ? String(lineNumber) : '';
+        return `psql:${settings.inputfile}:${lineSuffix}: `;
+    }
+    return '';
+};
+/**
+ * Walk past leading whitespace + `--` line comments + slash-star block
+ * comments at the head of `sqlText`. Returns the byte index of the first
+ * "real" content character. Used by `renderLineAndCaret` to align the
+ * `LINE N:` counter with upstream psql — vanilla strips these from the
+ * buffer before `PQexec` (so the server's `position` is relative to the
+ * trimmed buffer), but `captureLastError`/`normaliseSqlAndPosition` only
+ * strips whitespace. Re-stripping here closes the gap when the captured
+ * `sqlText` still carries leading `-- comment` lines (the common case
+ * for SQL that the mainloop dispatched directly via `sendQuery`,
+ * because that path doesn't pre-trim comments).
+ *
+ * Idempotent for already-trimmed input: if `sqlText` has no leading
+ * prelude we return `0`, the caller takes the existing fast-path, and
+ * the LINE count remains the count of newlines strictly before
+ * `position - 1`.
+ */
+const skipLeadingPrelude = (sqlText) => {
+    let i = 0;
+    const n = sqlText.length;
+    while (i < n) {
+        const c = sqlText.charCodeAt(i);
+        if (c === 0x20 ||
+            c === 0x09 ||
+            c === 0x0a ||
+            c === 0x0d ||
+            c === 0x0c ||
+            c === 0x0b) {
+            i++;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (c === 0x2d && sqlText.charCodeAt(i + 1) === 0x2d) {
+            i += 2;
+            while (i < n && sqlText.charCodeAt(i) !== 0x0a)
+                i++;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (c === 0x2f && sqlText.charCodeAt(i + 1) === 0x2a) {
+            i += 2;
+            let depth = 1;
+            while (i < n && depth > 0) {
+                if (sqlText.charCodeAt(i) === 0x2f &&
+                    sqlText.charCodeAt(i + 1) === 0x2a) {
+                    depth++;
+                    i += 2;
+                }
+                else if (sqlText.charCodeAt(i) === 0x2a &&
+                    sqlText.charCodeAt(i + 1) === 0x2f) {
+                    depth--;
+                    i += 2;
+                }
+                else {
+                    i++;
+                }
+            }
+            continue;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+    return i;
+};
+/**
+ * Render the `LINE N: …` re-print plus the `^` pointer underneath the
+ * failing character, mirroring upstream psql's `report_error_query`
+ * helper. Returns `null` when we don't have enough context (no SQL text
+ * or no position) so the caller can skip the lines entirely.
+ *
+ * `position` is a 1-based character offset into `sqlText` (as delivered
+ * in the server's `P` field). We pick the LINE containing that offset
+ * and emit:
+ *
+ *     LINE N: <that line>
+ *             ^
+ *
+ * The caret column is aligned to the offset within the picked line so
+ * it points at the failing token. Trailing newlines on the picked line
+ * are stripped so the `$` end-anchor in upstream's regex still matches.
+ *
+ * Leading whitespace + comments are skipped before computing the LINE
+ * number so the count starts at the first content line — vanilla
+ * advances past these before `PQexec`, so the server's `position` is
+ * 1-based relative to a trimmed buffer; without the same skip here we'd
+ * count newlines that vanilla never sent.
+ *
+ * Trailing-whitespace fix-up: callers in `cmd_io.ts` strip a `\g`-style
+ * buffer's trailing whitespace before handing the SQL to `db.execSimple`
+ * / `db.query`, so the server's `position` is relative to the trimmed
+ * SQL while `sqlText` (used for the LINE echo) still carries the
+ * trailing space(s). When `position` lands on trailing whitespace of
+ * the LINE we picked — i.e., past `lineText.trimEnd().length` — that's
+ * the "syntax error at end of input" case: vanilla sends the trailing
+ * whitespace verbatim and the server reports a position one past the
+ * full LINE length. Snap the caret to the end of `lineText` so our
+ * output matches vanilla's `^` column. PostgreSQL's scanner never
+ * emits positions pointing AT whitespace tokens (they're not lexed as
+ * tokens), so the only realistic source of an "in trailing
+ * whitespace" position is this trim-on-send delta.
+ *
+ * Exported so the per-statement error renderer in `core/common.ts` can
+ * share the helper with `\errverbose`.
+ */
+export const renderLineAndCaret = (sqlText, position) => {
+    if (!sqlText || !position)
+        return null;
+    const pos = parseInt(position, 10);
+    if (!Number.isFinite(pos) || pos <= 0)
+        return null;
+    // Advance past leading WS + comments so the LINE count starts at the
+    // first content line. The server's position is into the on-the-wire
+    // bytes — typically already past these, so rebasing keeps it inside
+    // the content range; if the rebased position would underflow we drop
+    // the LINE/caret block rather than mis-pointing.
+    const skip = skipLeadingPrelude(sqlText);
+    const trimmed = skip === 0 ? sqlText : sqlText.slice(skip);
+    const rebasedPos = pos - skip;
+    if (rebasedPos <= 0)
+        return null;
+    // The server's offset is 1-based and points at the failing character.
+    const idx = Math.min(rebasedPos - 1, trimmed.length);
+    // Find the line containing `idx`.
+    let lineStart = trimmed.lastIndexOf('\n', idx - 1);
+    lineStart = lineStart === -1 ? 0 : lineStart + 1;
+    let lineEnd = trimmed.indexOf('\n', lineStart);
+    if (lineEnd === -1)
+        lineEnd = trimmed.length;
+    const lineText = trimmed.slice(lineStart, lineEnd);
+    // Line number for the `LINE N:` prefix — 1-based.
+    const before = trimmed.slice(0, lineStart);
+    const lineNumber = (before.match(/\n/gu)?.length ?? 0) + 1;
+    // Column inside the picked line (0-based) where the `^` goes. Tabs
+    // upstream are expanded to a fixed width; we approximate with a
+    // single space so the pointer at least lands in the right ballpark.
+    let col = idx - lineStart;
+    // Snap past trailing whitespace when the position lands inside it —
+    // see the function header for the rationale (trim-on-send delta).
+    const lineTrimEndLen = lineText.replace(/[ \t\f\v]+$/u, '').length;
+    if (col >= lineTrimEndLen && col < lineText.length) {
+        col = lineText.length;
+    }
+    const caretIndent = ' '.repeat(Math.max(0, col));
+    const prefix = `LINE ${String(lineNumber)}: `;
+    return {
+        line: `${prefix}${lineText}`,
+        caret: `${' '.repeat(prefix.length)}${caretIndent}^`,
+    };
+};
+/**
+ * Render an ErrorResponse-shaped payload as the layered, verbosity-aware
+ * report that upstream psql emits to stderr after a failed statement
+ * (`PSQLExec` / `ProcessResult` in `src/bin/psql/common.c`).
+ *
+ * Returned array contains one element per logical line, without trailing
+ * newlines — callers join with `\n` and write to their stream.
+ *
+ * Verbosity / SHOW_CONTEXT semantics, mirrored from upstream:
+ *
+ *   - `terse`: only the severity line (`<sev>:  <msg>`) is emitted.
+ *
+ *   - `default`: severity + message, plus `LINE N` / caret, DETAIL, HINT,
+ *     STATEMENT (we omit STATEMENT — we never echo the query verbatim).
+ *     CONTEXT and LOCATION are suppressed unless `SHOW_CONTEXT='always'`.
+ *
+ *   - `verbose`: adds the SQLSTATE prefix on the severity line, and
+ *     CONTEXT plus LOCATION are unconditionally included when present.
+ *
+ *   - `sqlstate`: prepend the SQLSTATE on the severity line (same as
+ *     `verbose`'s first line), but suppress LINE/DETAIL/HINT/CONTEXT/
+ *     LOCATION. Matches the upstream "just give me the code" flavour.
+ *
+ * Empty server fields are skipped silently. The `LINE` / `^` pair only
+ * appears when we have both originating SQL text and a 1-based position
+ * pointing inside it.
+ */
+export const formatErrorReport = (e, verbosity = 'default', showContext = 'errors') => {
+    const severity = e.severity ?? 'ERROR';
+    const sqlstate = e.code ?? e.sqlstate ?? 'XX000';
+    const message = e.message ?? '';
+    const out = [];
+    // `sqlstate` mode is the upstream "just give me the code" flavour:
+    // emit `<severity>:  <sqlstate>` with NO message body. `verbose` mode
+    // adds the SQLSTATE prefix and keeps the message + LINE/DETAIL/HINT
+    // layers below. Default/terse omit the SQLSTATE entirely.
+    //
+    // Reference: upstream `pg_log_pre_callback` / `PQresultErrorMessage`
+    // with `verbosity = PQERRORS_SQLSTATE`, which formats just
+    // `severity: sqlstate\n` and stops.
+    if (verbosity === 'sqlstate') {
+        out.push(`${severity}:  ${sqlstate}`);
+        return out;
+    }
+    if (verbosity === 'verbose') {
+        out.push(`${severity}:  ${sqlstate}: ${message}`);
+    }
+    else if (verbosity === 'terse') {
+        // Terse suppresses LINE/caret/DETAIL/HINT/CONTEXT, but it merges the
+        // server's `position` into the severity line as `at character N` —
+        // matches libpq's `pqGetErrorNotice3` with `PQERRORS_TERSE` (and
+        // vanilla psql in the regress fixture). Only fires when position is a
+        // positive integer; the LINE/caret block below would have shown the
+        // same anchor for default verbosity.
+        const pos = e.position ? Number.parseInt(e.position, 10) : NaN;
+        if (Number.isFinite(pos) && pos > 0) {
+            out.push(`${severity}:  ${message} at character ${String(pos)}`);
+        }
+        else {
+            out.push(`${severity}:  ${message}`);
+        }
+        return out;
+    }
+    else {
+        out.push(`${severity}:  ${message}`);
+    }
+    const lineCaret = renderLineAndCaret(e.sqlText, e.position);
+    if (lineCaret) {
+        out.push(lineCaret.line);
+        out.push(lineCaret.caret);
+    }
+    if (e.detail)
+        out.push(`DETAIL:  ${e.detail}`);
+    if (e.hint)
+        out.push(`HINT:  ${e.hint}`);
+    // CONTEXT under default verbosity follows SHOW_CONTEXT: 'never' / 'errors'
+    // (the default — show on errors) / 'always'. We treat every call into the
+    // formatter as an error report, so 'errors' and 'always' both include
+    // CONTEXT, while 'never' suppresses it. Verbose verbosity unconditionally
+    // includes CONTEXT.
+    const includeContext = verbosity === 'verbose' || showContext !== 'never';
+    if (includeContext && e.where) {
+        out.push(`CONTEXT:  ${e.where}`);
+    }
+    if (verbosity === 'verbose' && (e.routine || e.file || e.line)) {
+        const location = (e.routine ?? '') + (e.file ? `, ${e.file}:${e.line ?? ''}` : '');
+        out.push(`LOCATION:  ${location}`);
+    }
+    return out;
+};
+/**
+ * `\errverbose` — print the last error in verbose form. We rely on the
+ * mainloop to have stored `settings.lastErrorResult`; this command only
+ * formats and prints. Without a saved error, upstream emits "There is no
+ * previous error."
+ *
+ * Verbose output (PG 18 form):
+ *
+ *     ERROR:  <sqlstate>: <message>
+ *     LINE N: <originating line of SQL>
+ *             ^
+ *     DETAIL:  <detail>
+ *     HINT:  <hint>
+ *     CONTEXT:  <where>
+ *     LOCATION:  <routine>, <file>:<line>
+ *
+ * Empty fields are omitted. The `LINE` / `^` pair is only emitted when
+ * we have both the originating SQL text and a server-provided position.
+ */
+export const cmdErrverbose = {
+    name: 'errverbose',
+    helpKey: 'errverbose',
+    run: (ctx) => {
+        const e = ctx.settings.lastErrorResult;
+        if (!e || (!e.message && !e.sqlstate && !e.code)) {
+            // Upstream `exec_command_errverbose` writes the "no previous error"
+            // notice to stdout (via `printf`); only the verbose re-render goes to
+            // stderr (via `pg_log_error`).
+            writeOut('There is no previous error.\n');
+            return Promise.resolve({ status: 'ok' });
+        }
+        // `\errverbose` always emits the full verbose form regardless of the
+        // currently active VERBOSITY setting. Output is prefixed with the same
+        // `psql:[<file>:<n>]:` tag upstream's `pg_log_pre_callback` adds — only
+        // on the leading severity line; subsequent layers (LINE / caret / DETAIL
+        // / HINT / LOCATION) stay unprefixed to match libpq's `PQresultErrorMessage`.
+        const lines = formatErrorReport(e, 'verbose', 'always');
+        const prefix = psqlErrorPrefix(ctx.settings);
+        const prefixed = [prefix + lines[0], ...lines.slice(1)];
+        writeErr(prefixed.join('\n') + '\n');
+        return Promise.resolve({ status: 'ok' });
+    },
+};
+/**
+ * `\timing [on|off]` — set `settings.timing`. With no arg the value is
+ * flipped. Prints the new state to stdout. `toggle` is NOT a valid value —
+ * upstream errors "Boolean expected" (review: minor divergences).
+ */
+export const cmdTiming = {
+    name: 'timing',
+    helpKey: 'timing',
+    run: (ctx) => {
+        const arg = ctx.nextArg('normal');
+        let next;
+        if (arg === null) {
+            next = !ctx.settings.timing;
+        }
+        else {
+            const parsed = parseBool(arg);
+            if (parsed === null) {
+                writeErr(`\\${ctx.cmdName}: unrecognized value "${arg}" for "\\timing": Boolean expected\n`);
+                return Promise.resolve({ status: 'error' });
+            }
+            next = parsed;
+        }
+        ctx.settings.timing = next;
+        writeOut(`Timing is ${next ? 'on' : 'off'}.\n`);
+        return Promise.resolve({ status: 'ok' });
+    },
+};
+/**
+ * Static text emitted by `\copyright`. Mirrors upstream psql's
+ * `exec_command_copyright()` literal in `src/bin/psql/command.c`.
+ */
+const COPYRIGHT_TEXT = `PostgreSQL Database Management System
+(formerly known as Postgres, then as Postgres95)
+
+Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2024, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+
+Portions Copyright (c) 1994, The Regents of the University of California
+
+Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
+documentation for any purpose, without fee, and without a written agreement
+is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice and this
+paragraph and the following two paragraphs appear in all copies.
+
+IN NO EVENT SHALL THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BE LIABLE TO ANY PARTY FOR
+DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING
+LOST PROFITS, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE AND ITS DOCUMENTATION,
+EVEN IF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES,
+INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
+AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  THE SOFTWARE PROVIDED HEREUNDER IS
+ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, AND THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA HAS NO OBLIGATIONS TO
+PROVIDE MAINTENANCE, SUPPORT, UPDATES, ENHANCEMENTS, OR MODIFICATIONS.
+`;
+/**
+ * neonctl-specific notice appended after the upstream PostgreSQL block.
+ * This psql is a pure-TypeScript reimplementation embedded in neonctl, not
+ * upstream psql — so we attribute it accordingly. No license claim is made
+ * here on purpose (see the project's LICENSE file for terms).
+ */
+const NEON_NOTICE = `
+This is an embedded psql reimplementation that ships with neonctl, the
+command-line interface for Neon (https://neon.tech). Neon is part of
+Databricks (https://www.databricks.com).
+
+It is an independent reimplementation of psql and is not affiliated with
+or endorsed by the PostgreSQL Global Development Group. See the neonctl
+LICENSE file for distribution terms.
+`;
+/**
+ * `\copyright` — print the PostgreSQL copyright / license notice, followed
+ * by a neonctl + Neon/Databricks attribution block. Takes no arguments.
+ * The upstream block is preserved verbatim so the conformance regex
+ * `/Copyright/` (from upstream `001_basic.pl` line 75) is satisfied; the
+ * Neon notice is appended after it.
+ */
+export const cmdCopyright = {
+    name: 'copyright',
+    helpKey: 'copyright',
+    run: () => {
+        writeOut(COPYRIGHT_TEXT + NEON_NOTICE);
+        return Promise.resolve({ status: 'ok' });
+    },
+};
+/**
+ * Terminal width used to lay out `\h` / `\help` topic lists. Upstream
+ * uses `pset.popt.topt.envColumns` falling back to `ioctl(TIOCGWINSZ)`;
+ * we read `process.stdout.columns` (Node populates this for TTYs) and
+ * default to 80 if absent (non-TTY, piped output, etc.).
+ */
+const screenWidth = () => {
+    const cols = process.stdout.columns;
+    return typeof cols === 'number' && cols > 0 ? cols : 80;
+};
+/**
+ * `\h [TOPIC]` (alias `\help`) — show SQL command help.
+ *
+ * Delegates to {@link helpSQL} in `core/help.ts`, passing the remainder
+ * of the line as the topic. With no topic, prints the "Available help:"
+ * overview; with a topic, prints the matching synopsis or a list of
+ * matches. Mirrors upstream `exec_command_help` in `command.c`.
+ */
+export const cmdHelpSQL = {
+    name: 'h',
+    aliases: ['help'],
+    helpKey: 'h',
+    run: (ctx) => {
+        // Upstream consumes the rest of the line in `OT_WHOLE_LINE` mode so
+        // multi-word topics like "CREATE TABLE" come through intact.
+        const topic = ctx.restOfLine();
+        helpSQL(process.stdout, topic.length === 0 ? null : topic, screenWidth());
+        return Promise.resolve({ status: 'ok' });
+    },
+};
+/**
+ * `\?` — show help for the backslash commands.
+ *
+ * Delegates to {@link slashUsage} in `core/help.ts`. We pass the output
+ * stream (`process.stdout`) and request the pager only when that stream is
+ * an interactive TTY — `slashUsage`/`emitHelp` re-check interactivity, but
+ * gating the request here keeps the non-interactive path (scripts, piped
+ * output, the regress harness) writing straight to stdout with no pager.
+ *
+ * Upstream `exec_command_help` reads `[commands|options|variables]`; we
+ * mirror the default (backslash commands) form, which is the only variant
+ * `\?` reaches without an argument. The remainder of the line is consumed
+ * so a stray topic doesn't leak into the next command.
+ */
+export const cmdSlashHelp = {
+    name: '?',
+    argMode: 'whole-line',
+    helpKey: '?',
+    run: (ctx) => {
+        // Consume the rest of the line (`\? options`, `\? variables`) so the
+        // cursor doesn't strand trailing text; we only render the command help.
+        ctx.restOfLine();
+        const out = process.stdout;
+        const pager = Boolean(out.isTTY);
+        slashUsage(out, pager);
+        return Promise.resolve({ status: 'ok' });
+    },
+};
+/**
+ * Resolve the editor command psql would launch for `\e` / `\ef` / `\ev`,
+ * mirroring upstream `editFile` / `get_alternate_expansion`:
+ *
+ *   $PSQL_EDITOR  ||  $EDITOR  ||  $VISUAL  ||  platform default
+ *
+ * The platform default is `notepad.exe` on Windows and `vi` elsewhere,
+ * matching upstream's `DEFAULT_EDITOR`.
+ */
+export const resolveEditor = (env = process.env) => {
+    const explicit = env.PSQL_EDITOR ?? env.EDITOR ?? env.VISUAL;
+    if (explicit !== undefined && explicit.length > 0)
+        return explicit;
+    return process.platform === 'win32' ? 'notepad.exe' : 'vi';
+};
+/**
+ * `\e` / `\edit [FILE] [LINE]` — edit the current query buffer (or a file)
+ * in the user's editor, then load the edited text back into the query
+ * buffer.
+ *
+ * This port implements the common no-FILE form: dump the current query
+ * buffer to a temp file, spawn the editor on it inheriting stdio (upstream
+ * `do_edit` → `editFile`), and on a clean exit read the file back and
+ * return it as the new query buffer via `status: 'reset-buf'`. Upstream
+ * strips a single trailing newline the editor may add; we do the same so
+ * round-tripping an unchanged buffer is a no-op.
+ *
+ * Editor selection follows {@link resolveEditor}. The spawn uses
+ * `spawnSync(..., { stdio: 'inherit' })` so the editor owns the terminal.
+ * If the editor exits non-zero (or fails to spawn) we leave the buffer
+ * untouched and report an error, matching upstream's behaviour of not
+ * importing a failed edit.
+ *
+ * FILE / LINE arguments are accepted but the buffer is still seeded from
+ * the current query buffer; a future WP can layer file-backed editing
+ * (`\e file`) and `\ef`/`\ev` on top.
+ */
+export const cmdEdit = {
+    name: 'e',
+    aliases: ['edit'],
+    argMode: 'whole-line',
+    helpKey: 'e',
+    run: (ctx) => {
+        // We don't yet support `\e FILE`; consume the args so they don't strand.
+        ctx.restOfLine();
+        const editor = resolveEditor();
+        // psql seeds the temp file with the current query buffer. A trailing
+        // newline keeps editors that expect newline-terminated files happy.
+        const seed = ctx.queryBuf.length > 0 && !ctx.queryBuf.endsWith('\n')
+            ? ctx.queryBuf + '\n'
+            : ctx.queryBuf;
+        let dir = null;
+        try {
+            dir = mkdtempSync(join(tmpdir(), 'psql.edit.'));
+            const file = join(dir, 'edit.sql');
+            writeFileSync(file, seed, 'utf8');
+            const result = spawnSync(editor, [file], { stdio: 'inherit' });
+            if (result.error || (result.status !== null && result.status !== 0)) {
+                const why = result.error
+                    ? result.error.message
+                    : `editor exited with status ${String(result.status)}`;
+                writeErr(`\\${ctx.cmdName}: ${why}\n`);
+                return Promise.resolve({ status: 'error' });
+            }
+            let edited = readFileSync(file, 'utf8');
+            // Upstream drops a single trailing newline the editor may have added
+            // so an unchanged round-trip restores the original buffer exactly.
+            if (edited.endsWith('\n'))
+                edited = edited.slice(0, -1);
+            return Promise.resolve({ status: 'reset-buf', newBuf: edited });
+        }
+        catch (err) {
+            const msg = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
+            writeErr(`\\${ctx.cmdName}: ${msg}\n`);
+            return Promise.resolve({ status: 'error' });
+        }
+        finally {
+            if (dir) {
+                try {
+                    rmSync(dir, { recursive: true, force: true });
+                }
+                catch {
+                    // Temp-dir cleanup is best-effort; a leftover dir is harmless.
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    },
+};
+/**
+ * `\s [FILENAME]` — print the command-line history, or save it to FILENAME.
+ *
+ * Mirrors upstream `exec_command_s` / `printHistory`:
+ *
+ *   - No argument: write the in-memory history (one entry per line) to
+ *     stdout. Multi-line entries are printed verbatim (with their embedded
+ *     newlines), matching readline's `\s` dump.
+ *   - FILENAME given: write the same dump to that file. On success, and
+ *     unless `\set QUIET` is in effect, print `Wrote history to file
+ *     "<file>".` to stdout. On failure, emit the OS error to stderr and
+ *     return an error.
+ *
+ * The history source is {@link getHistory}, the session's in-memory list
+ * populated as each line is submitted (see `io/history.ts`).
+ */
+export const cmdS = {
+    name: 's',
+    helpKey: 's',
+    run: (ctx) => {
+        const fname = ctx.nextArg('normal');
+        const entries = getHistory();
+        // Each entry is one logical command; readline's `\s` prints them one
+        // per line, so a trailing newline per entry reproduces that layout.
+        const body = entries.map((e) => e + '\n').join('');
+        if (fname === null || fname.length === 0) {
+            writeOut(body);
+            return Promise.resolve({ status: 'ok' });
+        }
+        try {
+            writeFileSync(fname, body, 'utf8');
+        }
+        catch (err) {
+            const msg = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
+            writeErr(`\\${ctx.cmdName}: ${msg}\n`);
+            return Promise.resolve({ status: 'error' });
+        }
+        if (!ctx.settings.quiet) {
+            writeOut(`Wrote history to file "${fname}".\n`);
+        }
+        return Promise.resolve({ status: 'ok' });
+    },
+};