musubi-sdd 3.10.0 → 5.1.0

package/src/orchestration/reasoning/reasoning-engine.js

@@ -0,0 +1,710 @@
+/**
+ * @file reasoning-engine.js
+ * @description Agentic reasoning engine for autonomous problem solving
+ * @version 1.0.0
+ */
+
+'use strict';
+
+const { EventEmitter } = require('events');
+
+/**
+ * Reasoning strategy types
+ * @enum {string}
+ */
+const STRATEGY = {
+  CHAIN_OF_THOUGHT: 'chain-of-thought',
+  TREE_OF_THOUGHT: 'tree-of-thought',
+  REFLECTION: 'reflection',
+  DECOMPOSITION: 'decomposition',
+  ANALOGY: 'analogy'
+};
+
+/**
+ * Reasoning step types
+ * @enum {string}
+ */
+const STEP_TYPE = {
+  OBSERVE: 'observe',
+  THINK: 'think',
+  PLAN: 'plan',
+  ACT: 'act',
+  REFLECT: 'reflect',
+  REFINE: 'refine'
+};
+
+/**
+ * @typedef {Object} ReasoningStep
+ * @property {string} id - Step identifier
+ * @property {string} type - Step type (STEP_TYPE)
+ * @property {string} content - Step content/reasoning
+ * @property {Object} [metadata] - Additional metadata
+ * @property {number} confidence - Confidence score (0-1)
+ * @property {number} timestamp - Creation timestamp
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @typedef {Object} ReasoningTrace
+ * @property {string} id - Trace identifier
+ * @property {string} problem - Original problem statement
+ * @property {string} strategy - Reasoning strategy used
+ * @property {ReasoningStep[]} steps - Reasoning steps
+ * @property {string} [conclusion] - Final conclusion
+ * @property {boolean} successful - Whether reasoning succeeded
+ * @property {number} totalTime - Total reasoning time
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @typedef {Object} ReasoningOptions
+ * @property {string} [strategy=STRATEGY.CHAIN_OF_THOUGHT] - Reasoning strategy
+ * @property {number} [maxSteps=20] - Maximum reasoning steps
+ * @property {number} [minConfidence=0.6] - Minimum confidence threshold
+ * @property {boolean} [enableReflection=true] - Enable self-reflection
+ * @property {boolean} [enableBacktracking=true] - Enable backtracking on failure
+ * @property {number} [timeout=60000] - Reasoning timeout in ms
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Reasoning Engine class for autonomous problem solving
+ * @extends EventEmitter
+ */
+class ReasoningEngine extends EventEmitter {
+  /**
+   * Create reasoning engine
+   * @param {ReasoningOptions} [options={}] - Engine options
+   */
+  constructor(options = {}) {
+    super();
+    
+    this.strategy = options.strategy || STRATEGY.CHAIN_OF_THOUGHT;
+    this.maxSteps = options.maxSteps ?? 20;
+    this.minConfidence = options.minConfidence ?? 0.6;
+    this.enableReflection = options.enableReflection ?? true;
+    this.enableBacktracking = options.enableBacktracking ?? true;
+    this.timeout = options.timeout ?? 60000;
+    
+    // State
+    this.traces = new Map();
+    this.currentTrace = null;
+    this.stepCounter = 0;
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Start reasoning about a problem
+   * @param {string} problem - Problem statement
+   * @param {Object} [context={}] - Additional context
+   * @returns {Promise<ReasoningTrace>}
+   */
+  async reason(problem, context = {}) {
+    const traceId = this.generateId();
+    const startTime = Date.now();
+    
+    const trace = {
+      id: traceId,
+      problem,
+      strategy: this.strategy,
+      steps: [],
+      conclusion: null,
+      successful: false,
+      totalTime: 0
+    };
+    
+    this.currentTrace = trace;
+    this.traces.set(traceId, trace);
+    
+    this.emit('reasoning:start', { traceId, problem, strategy: this.strategy });
+    
+    try {
+      // Select reasoning strategy
+      let result;
+      switch (this.strategy) {
+        case STRATEGY.CHAIN_OF_THOUGHT:
+          result = await this.chainOfThought(problem, context);
+          break;
+        case STRATEGY.TREE_OF_THOUGHT:
+          result = await this.treeOfThought(problem, context);
+          break;
+        case STRATEGY.REFLECTION:
+          result = await this.reflectiveReasoning(problem, context);
+          break;
+        case STRATEGY.DECOMPOSITION:
+          result = await this.decompositionReasoning(problem, context);
+          break;
+        case STRATEGY.ANALOGY:
+          result = await this.analogyReasoning(problem, context);
+          break;
+        default:
+          result = await this.chainOfThought(problem, context);
+      }
+      
+      trace.conclusion = result.conclusion;
+      trace.successful = result.successful;
+      
+    } catch (error) {
+      this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.REFLECT, `Reasoning failed: ${error.message}`, { error: error.message }, 0);
+      trace.successful = false;
+    }
+    
+    trace.totalTime = Date.now() - startTime;
+    this.currentTrace = null;
+    
+    this.emit('reasoning:complete', { trace });
+    
+    return trace;
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Chain of Thought reasoning
+   * @private
+   */
+  async chainOfThought(problem, context) {
+    // Step 1: Observe
+    this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.OBSERVE, `Analyzing problem: ${problem}`, { context }, 0.9);
+    
+    // Step 2: Decompose into sub-problems
+    const subProblems = this.decomposeProlem(problem);
+    this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.THINK, `Identified ${subProblems.length} sub-problems:\n${subProblems.map((p, i) => `${i + 1}. ${p}`).join('\n')}`, { subProblems }, 0.8);
+    
+    // Step 3: Process each sub-problem
+    const solutions = [];
+    for (const subProblem of subProblems) {
+      this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.THINK, `Working on: ${subProblem}`, {}, 0.7);
+      
+      const solution = await this.solveSubProblem(subProblem, context);
+      solutions.push({ problem: subProblem, solution });
+      
+      this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.ACT, `Solution: ${solution}`, { subProblem, solution }, 0.8);
+    }
+    
+    // Step 4: Synthesize
+    const conclusion = this.synthesize(solutions);
+    this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.PLAN, `Synthesizing solutions into final answer`, { solutionCount: solutions.length }, 0.85);
+    
+    // Step 5: Reflect if enabled
+    if (this.enableReflection) {
+      const reflection = this.reflect(problem, conclusion, solutions);
+      this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.REFLECT, reflection.content, { confidence: reflection.confidence }, reflection.confidence);
+      
+      if (reflection.confidence < this.minConfidence && this.enableBacktracking) {
+        return this.backtrack(problem, context, reflection);
+      }
+    }
+    
+    return { conclusion, successful: true };
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Tree of Thought reasoning - explore multiple paths
+   * @private
+   */
+  async treeOfThought(problem, context) {
+    const branches = [];
+    const maxBranches = 3;
+    
+    this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.OBSERVE, `Exploring multiple reasoning paths for: ${problem}`, {}, 0.9);
+    
+    // Generate multiple initial thoughts
+    const initialThoughts = this.generateThoughts(problem, maxBranches);
+    this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.THINK, `Generated ${initialThoughts.length} reasoning branches`, { branches: initialThoughts }, 0.8);
+    
+    // Explore each branch
+    for (const thought of initialThoughts) {
+      const branch = {
+        thought,
+        steps: [],
+        conclusion: null,
+        score: 0
+      };
+      
+      this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.PLAN, `Exploring branch: ${thought}`, {}, 0.7);
+      
+      // Develop this branch
+      const developed = await this.developBranch(thought, problem, context);
+      branch.steps = developed.steps;
+      branch.conclusion = developed.conclusion;
+      branch.score = this.evaluateBranch(branch);
+      
+      branches.push(branch);
+      this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.REFLECT, `Branch score: ${branch.score.toFixed(2)}`, { conclusion: branch.conclusion }, branch.score);
+    }
+    
+    // Select best branch
+    branches.sort((a, b) => b.score - a.score);
+    const best = branches[0];
+    
+    this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.ACT, `Selected best reasoning path with score ${best.score.toFixed(2)}`, { conclusion: best.conclusion }, best.score);
+    
+    return { conclusion: best.conclusion, successful: best.score >= this.minConfidence };
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Reflective reasoning - iterate and improve
+   * @private
+   */
+  async reflectiveReasoning(problem, context) {
+    let currentSolution = null;
+    let iterations = 0;
+    const maxIterations = 3;
+    
+    this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.OBSERVE, `Starting reflective reasoning for: ${problem}`, {}, 0.9);
+    
+    while (iterations < maxIterations) {
+      iterations++;
+      
+      // Generate or refine solution
+      if (!currentSolution) {
+        currentSolution = await this.generateInitialSolution(problem, context);
+        this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.THINK, `Initial solution: ${currentSolution}`, { iteration: iterations }, 0.7);
+      } else {
+        currentSolution = await this.refineSolution(currentSolution, problem, context);
+        this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.REFINE, `Refined solution: ${currentSolution}`, { iteration: iterations }, 0.8);
+      }
+      
+      // Reflect on solution
+      const reflection = this.reflect(problem, currentSolution, []);
+      this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.REFLECT, reflection.content, { confidence: reflection.confidence }, reflection.confidence);
+      
+      if (reflection.confidence >= this.minConfidence) {
+        return { conclusion: currentSolution, successful: true };
+      }
+    }
+    
+    return { conclusion: currentSolution, successful: false };
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Decomposition reasoning - divide and conquer
+   * @private
+   */
+  async decompositionReasoning(problem, context) {
+    this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.OBSERVE, `Decomposing problem: ${problem}`, {}, 0.9);
+    
+    // Hierarchical decomposition
+    const decomposition = this.hierarchicalDecompose(problem);
+    this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.PLAN, `Problem decomposition:\n${this.formatDecomposition(decomposition)}`, { decomposition }, 0.85);
+    
+    // Solve bottom-up
+    const solved = await this.solveBottomUp(decomposition, context);
+    this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.ACT, `Solved ${solved.solvedCount} sub-problems`, { solved: solved.results }, 0.8);
+    
+    // Compose solution
+    const conclusion = this.composeSolution(solved.results);
+    this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.THINK, `Composed final solution`, { conclusion }, 0.85);
+    
+    return { conclusion, successful: true };
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Analogy reasoning - use similar cases
+   * @private
+   */
+  async analogyReasoning(problem, context) {
+    this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.OBSERVE, `Finding analogies for: ${problem}`, {}, 0.9);
+    
+    // Find similar cases
+    const analogies = this.findAnalogies(problem, context);
+    this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.THINK, `Found ${analogies.length} similar cases`, { analogies }, 0.8);
+    
+    if (analogies.length === 0) {
+      this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.REFLECT, 'No suitable analogies found, falling back to chain of thought', {}, 0.5);
+      return this.chainOfThought(problem, context);
+    }
+    
+    // Apply best analogy
+    const best = analogies[0];
+    this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.PLAN, `Applying analogy: ${best.description}`, { analogy: best }, 0.75);
+    
+    const conclusion = this.applyAnalogy(best, problem, context);
+    this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.ACT, `Derived solution from analogy`, { conclusion }, 0.8);
+    
+    return { conclusion, successful: true };
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Add a reasoning step
+   * @param {string} type - Step type
+   * @param {string} content - Step content
+   * @param {Object} metadata - Additional metadata
+   * @param {number} confidence - Confidence score
+   */
+  addStep(type, content, metadata = {}, confidence = 0.5) {
+    if (!this.currentTrace) return;
+    
+    const step = {
+      id: `step-${++this.stepCounter}`,
+      type,
+      content,
+      metadata,
+      confidence,
+      timestamp: Date.now()
+    };
+    
+    this.currentTrace.steps.push(step);
+    this.emit('reasoning:step', { step, traceId: this.currentTrace.id });
+    
+    // Check step limit
+    if (this.currentTrace.steps.length >= this.maxSteps) {
+      throw new Error('Maximum reasoning steps exceeded');
+    }
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Decompose problem into sub-problems
+   * @private
+   */
+  decomposeProlem(problem) {
+    // Simple keyword-based decomposition
+    const parts = [];
+    
+    // Look for conjunction patterns
+    const conjunctions = ['and', 'then', 'also', 'additionally', 'furthermore'];
+    let remaining = problem;
+    
+    for (const conj of conjunctions) {
+      const regex = new RegExp(`\\s+${conj}\\s+`, 'gi');
+      if (regex.test(remaining)) {
+        const split = remaining.split(regex);
+        parts.push(...split);
+        remaining = '';
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    
+    if (remaining) {
+      parts.push(remaining);
+    }
+    
+    // Clean up and filter
+    return parts
+      .map(p => p.trim())
+      .filter(p => p.length > 0);
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Solve a sub-problem
+   * @private
+   */
+  async solveSubProblem(subProblem, context) {
+    // Simplified solution generation
+    return `Resolved: ${subProblem.substring(0, 50)}...`;
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Synthesize solutions
+   * @private
+   */
+  synthesize(solutions) {
+    if (solutions.length === 0) return 'No solutions found';
+    if (solutions.length === 1) return solutions[0].solution;
+    
+    return solutions.map(s => s.solution).join(' → ');
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Reflect on solution
+   * @private
+   */
+  reflect(problem, conclusion, solutions) {
+    // Simple reflection logic
+    const hasConclusion = conclusion && conclusion.length > 0;
+    const hasMultipleSolutions = solutions.length > 1;
+    
+    let confidence = 0.5;
+    let content = 'Analyzing solution quality...';
+    
+    if (hasConclusion) {
+      confidence += 0.2;
+      content = 'Solution generated successfully.';
+    }
+    
+    if (hasMultipleSolutions) {
+      confidence += 0.1;
+      content += ' Multiple approaches considered.';
+    }
+    
+    // Check if conclusion addresses the problem
+    const problemWords = problem.toLowerCase().split(/\s+/);
+    const conclusionWords = (conclusion || '').toLowerCase().split(/\s+/);
+    const overlap = problemWords.filter(w => conclusionWords.includes(w)).length;
+    
+    if (overlap > 2) {
+      confidence += 0.1;
+      content += ' Conclusion appears relevant to problem.';
+    }
+    
+    return { confidence: Math.min(confidence, 1), content };
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Backtrack and try alternative approach
+   * @private
+   */
+  async backtrack(problem, context, reflection) {
+    this.addStep(STEP_TYPE.REFLECT, `Confidence too low (${reflection.confidence.toFixed(2)}), backtracking...`, {}, reflection.confidence);
+    
+    // Try decomposition as fallback
+    const decomposition = this.decomposeProlem(problem);
+    if (decomposition.length > 1) {
+      const solutions = [];
+      for (const sub of decomposition) {
+        const solution = await this.solveSubProblem(sub, context);
+        solutions.push({ problem: sub, solution });
+      }
+      const conclusion = this.synthesize(solutions);
+      return { conclusion, successful: true };
+    }
+    
+    return { conclusion: 'Unable to reach confident solution', successful: false };
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Generate multiple initial thoughts
+   * @private
+   */
+  generateThoughts(problem, count) {
+    const thoughts = [];
+    const approaches = [
+      'Direct approach: ',
+      'Step-by-step: ',
+      'Alternative perspective: '
+    ];
+    
+    for (let i = 0; i < Math.min(count, approaches.length); i++) {
+      thoughts.push(`${approaches[i]}${problem.substring(0, 50)}`);
+    }
+    
+    return thoughts;
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Develop a reasoning branch
+   * @private
+   */
+  async developBranch(thought, problem, context) {
+    const steps = [];
+    
+    steps.push({ content: `Developing: ${thought}`, type: 'develop' });
+    steps.push({ content: `Analyzing implications`, type: 'analyze' });
+    
+    const conclusion = `Branch conclusion for: ${thought.substring(0, 30)}`;
+    
+    return { steps, conclusion };
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Evaluate a reasoning branch
+   * @private
+   */
+  evaluateBranch(branch) {
+    // Simple scoring based on step count and conclusion
+    let score = 0.5;
+    
+    if (branch.conclusion) score += 0.2;
+    if (branch.steps.length > 0) score += 0.1;
+    if (branch.steps.length > 2) score += 0.1;
+    
+    return Math.min(score, 1);
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Generate initial solution
+   * @private
+   */
+  async generateInitialSolution(problem, context) {
+    return `Initial approach to: ${problem.substring(0, 50)}`;
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Refine existing solution
+   * @private
+   */
+  async refineSolution(solution, problem, context) {
+    return `Refined: ${solution}`;
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Hierarchical decomposition
+   * @private
+   */
+  hierarchicalDecompose(problem) {
+    return {
+      root: problem,
+      children: this.decomposeProlem(problem).map(p => ({
+        content: p,
+        children: []
+      }))
+    };
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Format decomposition for display
+   * @private
+   */
+  formatDecomposition(decomposition, indent = 0) {
+    const prefix = '  '.repeat(indent);
+    let result = `${prefix}└ ${decomposition.root || decomposition.content}`;
+    
+    if (decomposition.children) {
+      for (const child of decomposition.children) {
+        result += '\n' + this.formatDecomposition(child, indent + 1);
+      }
+    }
+    
+    return result;
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Solve problems bottom-up
+   * @private
+   */
+  async solveBottomUp(decomposition, context) {
+    const results = [];
+    
+    // Solve leaf nodes first
+    if (decomposition.children) {
+      for (const child of decomposition.children) {
+        const solution = await this.solveSubProblem(child.content, context);
+        results.push({ problem: child.content, solution });
+      }
+    }
+    
+    return { results, solvedCount: results.length };
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Compose solution from parts
+   * @private
+   */
+  composeSolution(results) {
+    if (results.length === 0) return 'No solution components';
+    return results.map(r => r.solution).join('; ');
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Find analogies for problem
+   * @private
+   */
+  findAnalogies(problem, context) {
+    // Placeholder for analogy retrieval
+    // In real implementation, would search knowledge base
+    return [];
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Apply analogy to derive solution
+   * @private
+   */
+  applyAnalogy(analogy, problem, context) {
+    return `Applied ${analogy.description} to derive solution`;
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Generate unique ID
+   * @private
+   */
+  generateId() {
+    return `trace-${Date.now()}-${Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9)}`;
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Get reasoning trace by ID
+   * @param {string} traceId - Trace identifier
+   * @returns {ReasoningTrace|null}
+   */
+  getTrace(traceId) {
+    return this.traces.get(traceId) || null;
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Get all traces
+   * @returns {ReasoningTrace[]}
+   */
+  getAllTraces() {
+    return Array.from(this.traces.values());
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Clear all traces
+   */
+  clearTraces() {
+    this.traces.clear();
+    this.stepCounter = 0;
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Get statistics
+   * @returns {Object}
+   */
+  getStats() {
+    const traces = this.getAllTraces();
+    const successful = traces.filter(t => t.successful).length;
+    const totalSteps = traces.reduce((sum, t) => sum + t.steps.length, 0);
+    const avgTime = traces.length > 0 
+      ? traces.reduce((sum, t) => sum + t.totalTime, 0) / traces.length 
+      : 0;
+    
+    return {
+      totalTraces: traces.length,
+      successfulTraces: successful,
+      successRate: traces.length > 0 ? successful / traces.length : 0,
+      totalSteps,
+      averageStepsPerTrace: traces.length > 0 ? totalSteps / traces.length : 0,
+      averageTime: avgTime
+    };
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Export trace to readable format
+   * @param {string} traceId - Trace identifier
+   * @returns {string}
+   */
+  exportTrace(traceId) {
+    const trace = this.getTrace(traceId);
+    if (!trace) return '';
+    
+    let output = `# Reasoning Trace: ${trace.id}\n\n`;
+    output += `**Problem:** ${trace.problem}\n\n`;
+    output += `**Strategy:** ${trace.strategy}\n\n`;
+    output += `## Steps\n\n`;
+    
+    for (const step of trace.steps) {
+      output += `### ${step.type.toUpperCase()} (confidence: ${step.confidence.toFixed(2)})\n`;
+      output += `${step.content}\n\n`;
+    }
+    
+    output += `## Conclusion\n\n`;
+    output += `${trace.conclusion || 'No conclusion reached'}\n\n`;
+    output += `**Successful:** ${trace.successful ? 'Yes' : 'No'}\n`;
+    output += `**Total Time:** ${trace.totalTime}ms\n`;
+    
+    return output;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create reasoning engine
+ * @param {ReasoningOptions} [options={}] - Engine options
+ * @returns {ReasoningEngine}
+ */
+function createReasoningEngine(options = {}) {
+  return new ReasoningEngine(options);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Run reasoning on problem
+ * @param {string} problem - Problem statement
+ * @param {Object} [options={}] - Reasoning options
+ * @returns {Promise<ReasoningTrace>}
+ */
+async function reason(problem, options = {}) {
+  const engine = createReasoningEngine(options);
+  return engine.reason(problem, options.context || {});
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  ReasoningEngine,
+  createReasoningEngine,
+  reason,
+  STRATEGY,
+  STEP_TYPE
+};