moshcode 0.41.0 → 0.43.0

package/src/games-excitebike.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+// Excitebike. The throttle is not the interesting part — the temperature gauge
+// is, and so is what your front wheel is doing when you land.
+//
+// Two things make this game rather than a side-scroller with ramps. Turbo is
+// free until it isn't: heat climbs while you hold it and the engine seizes at
+// the top of the gauge, so the fast lap is the one that cools off in the right
+// places. And a jump is only as good as its landing: you pitch the bike in the
+// air, and coming down nose-first puts you over the handlebars.
+import { acid, ash, bone, danger, dim, rgb } from "./ui.mjs";
+
+export const WIDTH = 46;
+export const HEIGHT = 12;
+
+export const GROUND = HEIGHT - 3;
+export const RIDER = 8;          // your column; the track comes to you
+
+const BASE_SPEED = 0.35;
+const MAX_SPEED = 1.5;
+const TURBO = 0.55;              // extra columns per tick while it is held
+const HEAT_UP = 1.6;
+const HEAT_DOWN = 0.8;
+export const SEIZE_TICKS = 70;   // how long a cooked engine costs you
+const PITCH_LIMIT = 2.2;
+// The nose drops on its own all the way down. Without this the pitch you leave
+// the ramp with is the pitch you land on, and the landing — the whole second
+// half of this game — is something you can simply ignore.
+const PITCH_DROP = 0.075;
+export const LAND_OK = 1.1;      // how far from level you may land
+const CRASH_TICKS = 45;
+export const FINISH = 900;       // columns of track in a race
+const TIME = 2600;
+
+const dirt = rgb(170, 130, 90);
+
+/** A ramp is three columns of take-off; hit one moving and you are airborne. */
+export const RAMP_W = 3;
+
+export function spawn(state) {
+  const { rng } = state;
+  state.things.push({ kind: "ramp", x: WIDTH + 2 });
+  state.next = 18 + rng() * 22;
+  return state;
+}
+
+export const rampSpan = (thing) => {
+  const x = Math.round(thing.x);
+  return [x, x + RAMP_W - 1];
+};
+
+/** Speed right now, with everything that is holding it back applied. */
+export function speedOf(state) {
+  if (state.crash > 0) return 0;
+  if (state.seized > 0) return BASE_SPEED * 0.4;
+  return Math.min(MAX_SPEED, state.throttle + (state.turbo ? TURBO : 0));
+}
+
+function crash(state, why) {
+  state.crash = CRASH_TICKS;
+  state.air = 0;
+  state.pitch = 0;
+  state.throttle = BASE_SPEED;
+  state.spills++;
+  state.last = why;
+  return state;
+}
+
+/** One tick of track. Exported so a test can ride a whole race with no clock. */
+export function step(state) {
+  state.clock++;
+  if (state.clock >= TIME) {
+    state.over = `out of time · ${Math.round(state.dist)} of ${FINISH}`;
+    return state;
+  }
+  if (state.crash > 0) { state.crash--; return state; }
+
+  // The gauge. Turbo is a loan, and this is where it is called in.
+  if (state.turbo && !state.seized) state.heat = Math.min(100, state.heat + HEAT_UP);
+  else state.heat = Math.max(0, state.heat - HEAT_DOWN);
+  if (state.heat >= 100 && !state.seized) { state.seized = SEIZE_TICKS; state.turbo = false; }
+  if (state.seized > 0) { state.seized--; if (!state.seized) state.heat = 40; }
+
+  const speed = speedOf(state);
+  state.dist += speed;
+  for (const thing of state.things) thing.x -= speed;
+  state.things = state.things.filter((t) => rampSpan(t)[1] > -3);
+  state.next -= speed;
+  if (state.next <= 0) spawn(state);
+
+  if (state.air > 0) {
+    state.air--;
+    state.pitch = Math.min(PITCH_LIMIT, state.pitch + PITCH_DROP);
+    if (!state.air) {
+      // Landing: level enough is a landing, anything else is a tumble.
+      if (Math.abs(state.pitch) > LAND_OK) return crash(state, "over the handlebars");
+      // A flat landing carries the speed; a wobbly one scrubs some off.
+      state.throttle = Math.min(MAX_SPEED, state.throttle + (Math.abs(state.pitch) < 0.4 ? 0.12 : -0.1));
+      state.score += 50;
+      state.pitch = 0;
+    }
+  } else {
+    const ramp = state.things.find((t) => {
+      const [from, to] = rampSpan(t);
+      return RIDER >= from && RIDER <= to;
+    });
+    if (ramp && !ramp.used) {
+      ramp.used = true;
+      // The faster you hit it, the longer you are in the air — and the more time
+      // you have to get the pitch wrong.
+      state.air = Math.round(10 + speed * 14);
+      state.pitch = 0.6;   // it launches you nose-up, and you ride it down
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (state.dist >= FINISH) {
+    state.race++;
+    state.score += Math.max(200, 2000 - state.clock);
+    state.dist = 0;
+    state.clock = 0;
+    state.things = [];
+    state.heat = 0;
+  }
+  return state;
+}
+
+export const EXCITEBIKE = {
+  key: "excitebike",
+  aliases: ["bike", "moto", "excite"],
+  title: "EXCITEBIKE",
+  blurb: "turbo until it cooks, and land the way you took off",
+  keys: "← → throttle · space turbo · ↑ ↓ pitch in the air · q quit",
+  tickMs: 55,
+
+  create({ rng = Math.random } = {}) {
+    return {
+      things: [],
+      next: 16,
+      throttle: BASE_SPEED,
+      turbo: false,
+      heat: 0,
+      seized: 0,
+      air: 0,
+      pitch: 0,
+      crash: 0,
+      spills: 0,
+      dist: 0,
+      race: 1,
+      clock: 0,
+      score: 0,
+      last: null,
+      over: null,
+      rng,
+    };
+  },
+
+  tick: step,
+
+  onKey(state, pressed) {
+    if (state.crash > 0) return state;
+    if (pressed === "right") state.throttle = Math.min(MAX_SPEED, state.throttle + 0.12);
+    else if (pressed === "left") state.throttle = Math.max(BASE_SPEED * 0.5, state.throttle - 0.12);
+    else if (pressed === "space" || pressed === "enter") state.turbo = !state.turbo;
+    else if (pressed === "up" || pressed === "down") {
+      // Pitch only means anything off the ground; on it, this does nothing at
+      // all, which is the honest answer.
+      if (!state.air) return state;
+      state.pitch = Math.max(-PITCH_LIMIT, Math.min(PITCH_LIMIT, state.pitch + (pressed === "up" ? -0.35 : 0.35)));
+    }
+    return state;
+  },
+
+  status(state) {
+    if (state.over) return state.over;
+    const gauge = Math.round(state.heat / 10);
+    const bar = `${"█".repeat(gauge)}${"░".repeat(10 - gauge)}`;
+    return `race ${state.race} · ${Math.round(state.dist)}/${FINISH} · heat ${bar}${state.seized ? " seized" : ""}`;
+  },
+
+  render(state) {
+    const grid = Array.from({ length: HEIGHT }, () => Array.from({ length: WIDTH }, () => null));
+    const put = (x, y, glyph) => {
+      if (x < 0 || x >= WIDTH || y < 0 || y >= HEIGHT) return;
+      grid[y][x] = glyph;
+    };
+
+    for (const thing of state.things) {
+      const [from] = rampSpan(thing);
+      // A ramp climbs, so it is drawn climbing.
+      [...("▁▄█")].forEach((c, i) => put(from + i, GROUND - (i > 1 ? 1 : 0), dirt(c)));
+    }
+
+    const height = state.air ? Math.min(4, 1 + Math.round(state.air / 6)) : 0;
+    const nose = state.pitch < -LAND_OK ? "◜" : state.pitch > LAND_OK ? "◞" : state.air ? "◠" : "◉";
+    put(RIDER, GROUND - 1 - height, state.crash ? danger("✷") : acid(nose));
+    if (!state.air && !state.crash) put(RIDER + 1, GROUND - 1, ash("·"));
+
+    return grid.map((row, y) => row.map((cell, x) => {
+      if (cell) return cell;
+      if (y === GROUND) return dirt("▀");
+      if (y > GROUND) return dim("░");
+      // The finish, coming up the track.
+      const toGo = FINISH - state.dist;
+      if (toGo < WIDTH - RIDER && x === RIDER + Math.round(toGo)) return bone("┋");
+      return " ";
+    }).join(""));
+  },
+};

package/src/games-frogger.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+// Frogger. Five lanes of traffic that kill you if they touch you, then five of
+// river that kill you if they don't.
+//
+// That inversion is the whole game and it is worth stating plainly in the code:
+// on the road, being on something is death; on the river, being on nothing is.
+// Everything else here — the lanes, the hops, the homes — is bookkeeping.
+import { acid, amber, ash, bone, danger, dim, rgb } from "./ui.mjs";
+
+export const WIDTH = 40;
+
+/**
+ * The board, bottom to top. Row 0 is the top (the homes), and the frog starts
+ * on the bank at the bottom.
+ */
+export const HOME_ROW = 0;
+export const RIVER = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
+export const MEDIAN = 6;
+export const ROAD = [7, 8, 9, 10, 11];
+export const BANK = 12;
+export const HEIGHT = BANK + 1;
+
+/** Five places to get to, evenly spaced along the top. */
+export const HOMES = [3, 11, 19, 27, 35];
+const HOME_W = 3;
+
+const LIVES = 3;
+const water = rgb(60, 130, 220);
+const log = rgb(150, 100, 60);
+
+/** Each lane: which way it runs, how fast, and how thick the things in it are. */
+export const LANES = {
+  1: { dir: 1, speed: 0.16, len: 4, gap: 11, kind: "log" },
+  2: { dir: -1, speed: 0.22, len: 3, gap: 9, kind: "turtle" },
+  3: { dir: 1, speed: 0.13, len: 6, gap: 14, kind: "log" },
+  4: { dir: -1, speed: 0.28, len: 3, gap: 10, kind: "turtle" },
+  5: { dir: 1, speed: 0.2, len: 5, gap: 13, kind: "log" },
+  7: { dir: -1, speed: 0.26, len: 2, gap: 9, kind: "car" },
+  8: { dir: 1, speed: 0.19, len: 3, gap: 11, kind: "truck" },
+  9: { dir: -1, speed: 0.33, len: 2, gap: 12, kind: "car" },
+  10: { dir: 1, speed: 0.15, len: 4, gap: 13, kind: "truck" },
+  11: { dir: -1, speed: 0.24, len: 2, gap: 10, kind: "car" },
+};
+
+const ART = {
+  car: { paint: danger, art: "▄▄▄▄▄▄" },
+  truck: { paint: amber, art: "██████" },
+  log: { paint: log, art: "▓▓▓▓▓▓" },
+  turtle: { paint: acid, art: "◠◠◠◠◠◠" },
+};
+
+/** Every lane laid out end to end, evenly spaced. */
+export function buildTraffic() {
+  const things = [];
+  for (const [row, lane] of Object.entries(LANES)) {
+    for (let x = 0; x < WIDTH + lane.gap; x += lane.gap) {
+      things.push({ row: Number(row), x, len: lane.len, kind: lane.kind });
+    }
+  }
+  return things;
+}
+
+/** The thing under a cell, if there is one. */
+export const thingAt = (things, row, x) => things.find(
+  (t) => t.row === row && x >= Math.round(t.x) && x < Math.round(t.x) + t.len,
+) ?? null;
+
+/** Which home a frog at `x` has reached, or -1. */
+export const homeAt = (x) => HOMES.findIndex((h) => x >= h && x < h + HOME_W);
+
+const start = () => ({ x: Math.floor(WIDTH / 2), row: BANK });
+
+function drown(state, why) {
+  state.lives--;
+  if (state.lives <= 0) {
+    state.lives = 0;
+    state.over = `${why} · ${state.score} points`;
+    return state;
+  }
+  state.frog = start();
+  return state;
+}
+
+/** One tick. Exported so a test can get a frog home with no clock. */
+export function step(state) {
+  for (const thing of state.traffic) {
+    const lane = LANES[thing.row];
+    thing.x += lane.dir * lane.speed;
+    if (thing.x > WIDTH + 2) thing.x = -thing.len - 2;
+    if (thing.x < -thing.len - 2) thing.x = WIDTH + 2;
+  }
+
+  const frog = state.frog;
+  if (RIVER.includes(frog.row)) {
+    // The river carries you. Riding a log off the edge of the world still
+    // counts as losing the frog, which is the lesson every player learns twice.
+    const ride = thingAt(state.traffic, frog.row, Math.round(frog.drift ?? frog.x));
+    if (!ride) return drown(state, "into the river");
+    frog.drift = (frog.drift ?? frog.x) + LANES[frog.row].dir * LANES[frog.row].speed;
+    frog.x = Math.round(frog.drift);
+    if (frog.x < 0 || frog.x >= WIDTH) return drown(state, "carried off the edge");
+  } else if (ROAD.includes(frog.row)) {
+    if (thingAt(state.traffic, frog.row, frog.x)) return drown(state, "flattened");
+  }
+  return state;
+}
+
+/** Hop, and settle what the frog landed on. */
+export function hop(state, dx, dy) {
+  const frog = state.frog;
+  const row = Math.min(BANK, Math.max(HOME_ROW, frog.row + dy));
+  const x = Math.min(WIDTH - 1, Math.max(0, frog.x + dx));
+  frog.row = row;
+  frog.x = x;
+  frog.drift = RIVER.includes(row) ? x : null;
+
+  if (row === HOME_ROW) {
+    const home = homeAt(x);
+    if (home < 0 || state.homes[home]) {
+      // The bank between the homes is not a home, and neither is one you have
+      // already filled.
+      return drown(state, "nowhere to land");
+    }
+    state.homes[home] = true;
+    state.score += 100;
+    if (state.homes.every(Boolean)) {
+      state.level++;
+      state.homes = HOMES.map(() => false);
+      state.score += 500;
+    }
+    state.frog = start();
+    return state;
+  }
+  if (dy < 0) state.score += 10; // forwards only, so hopping on the spot pays nothing
+  return step(state);
+}
+
+export const FROGGER = {
+  key: "frogger",
+  aliases: ["frog", "hop"],
+  title: "FROGGER",
+  blurb: "the road kills what it touches, the river kills what it doesn't",
+  keys: "← ↑ ↓ → hop · q quit",
+  tickMs: 60,
+
+  create() {
+    return {
+      traffic: buildTraffic(),
+      frog: start(),
+      homes: HOMES.map(() => false),
+      score: 0,
+      lives: LIVES,
+      level: 1,
+      over: null,
+    };
+  },
+
+  tick: step,
+
+  onKey(state, pressed) {
+    const moves = { left: [-1, 0], right: [1, 0], up: [0, -1], down: [0, 1] };
+    const move = moves[pressed];
+    if (!move) return state;
+    return hop(state, move[0], move[1]);
+  },
+
+  status(state) {
+    return state.over
+      ? state.over
+      : `${state.score} · level ${state.level} · ${state.homes.filter(Boolean).length}/5 home · ${"▲".repeat(state.lives)}`;
+  },
+
+  render(state) {
+    const grid = Array.from({ length: HEIGHT }, (_, row) => Array.from({ length: WIDTH }, () => (
+      RIVER.includes(row) ? water("░") : ROAD.includes(row) ? dim("·") : null
+    )));
+    const put = (x, y, glyph) => {
+      if (x < 0 || x >= WIDTH || y < 0 || y >= HEIGHT) return;
+      grid[y][x] = glyph;
+    };
+
+    for (const [i, home] of HOMES.entries()) {
+      for (let j = 0; j < HOME_W; j++) put(home + j, HOME_ROW, state.homes[i] ? acid("▓") : ash("▒"));
+    }
+    for (const thing of state.traffic) {
+      const { paint, art } = ART[thing.kind];
+      for (let i = 0; i < thing.len; i++) put(Math.round(thing.x) + i, thing.row, paint(art[i % art.length]));
+    }
+    put(state.frog.x, state.frog.row, state.over ? danger("✷") : bone("◉"));
+
+    return grid.map((row, y) => row.map((cell) => (
+      cell ?? (y === MEDIAN || y === BANK ? ash("═") : " ")
+    )).join(""));
+  },
+};

package/src/games-hangman.mjs

@@ -54,7 +54,12 @@ export const HANGMAN = {
   aliases: ["hang", "gallows"],
   title: "HANGMAN",
   blurb: "six wrong letters and you are done for",
-  keys: "a–z guess · r new word · q quit",
+  keys: "a–z guess · r new word once it is over · q quit",
+  // Every letter has to reach the game: `h` is a guess, not the vim left it is
+  // in the games that read arrows, and `r` only restarts once the word is done.
+  // Without both, `refactor` was a word you could not spell at it.
+  vim: false,
+  restartable: false,
 
   create({ rng = Math.random } = {}) {
     return {

package/src/games-invaders.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+// Space Invaders. Forty of them, coming down a row at a time, and the fewer are
+// left the faster the rest move — which is the joke the original hardware told by
+// accident and every version since has kept on purpose.
+//
+// Nothing here moves on a fraction of a cell. The fleet steps a whole column at
+// a time on a counter, shots move a whole row per tick, and every hit is one
+// grid cell against another. A game whose whole tension is "will it get to the
+// bottom before I do" should never lose a shot to a rounding error.
+import { acid, amber, ash, bone, danger, dim, rgb } from "./ui.mjs";
+
+export const WIDTH = 44;
+export const HEIGHT = 16;
+
+export const ROWS = 5;
+export const COLS = 8;
+const PITCH_X = 4;     // an alien is two cells wide, with two between them
+// One row per rank. At two the fleet stood nine rows tall on a board with eleven
+// above the bunkers, so it "landed" after two drops and no wave was survivable.
+const PITCH_Y = 1;
+
+export const CANNON_ROW = HEIGHT - 2;
+const FLOOR_ROW = HEIGHT - 1;
+export const BUNKER_ROW = HEIGHT - 4;
+const LIVES = 3;
+const BOMB_EVERY = 2;  // bombs fall on every other tick, so they can be dodged
+const SHOT_SPEED = 2;  // rows per tick — a slow shot makes the whole game a queue
+
+/** Top rows are worth more, and look meaner. */
+export const KINDS = [
+  { art: "▛▜", points: 30, paint: rgb(190, 130, 255) },
+  { art: "▛▜", points: 20, paint: rgb(90, 200, 250) },
+  { art: "▙▟", points: 20, paint: acid },
+  { art: "▙▟", points: 10, paint: amber },
+  { art: "▞▚", points: 10, paint: ash },
+];
+
+const clamp = (v, lo, hi) => Math.min(hi, Math.max(lo, v));
+
+/** Where an alien sits, given the fleet's corner. */
+export const alienAt = (fleet, row, col) => ({
+  x: fleet.x + col * PITCH_X,
+  y: fleet.y + row * PITCH_Y,
+});
+
+export const aliveCount = (fleet) => fleet.alive.reduce((n, row) => n + row.filter(Boolean).length, 0);
+
+/**
+ * How many ticks between steps. Forty aliens crawl; the last one sprints. This
+ * is the entire difficulty curve of the game and it costs one line.
+ */
+export const cadence = (fleet) => Math.max(2, Math.round(aliveCount(fleet) / 2.4));
+
+const newFleet = (wave) => ({
+  x: 3,
+  y: 1 + Math.min(3, wave - 1), // each wave starts closer to the floor
+  dir: 1,
+  alive: Array.from({ length: ROWS }, () => Array.from({ length: COLS }, () => true)),
+  clock: 0,
+});
+
+/** Four bunkers, each cell able to take two hits before it is gone. */
+export function buildBunkers() {
+  const bunkers = new Map();
+  for (let b = 0; b < 4; b++) {
+    const left = 5 + b * 10;
+    for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) bunkers.set(left + i, 2);
+  }
+  return bunkers;
+}
+
+/** Chip a bunker cell, and say whether there was one there to chip. */
+export function chip(bunkers, x, y) {
+  if (y !== BUNKER_ROW) return false;
+  const hp = bunkers.get(x);
+  if (!hp) return false;
+  if (hp <= 1) bunkers.delete(x); else bunkers.set(x, hp - 1);
+  return true;
+}
+
+/** The lowest live alien in each column — the only ones that can drop a bomb. */
+export function frontLine(fleet) {
+  const front = [];
+  for (let col = 0; col < COLS; col++) {
+    for (let row = ROWS - 1; row >= 0; row--) {
+      if (fleet.alive[row][col]) { front.push({ row, col }); break; }
+    }
+  }
+  return front;
+}
+
+/** Whether a shot at (x, y) hits an alien, and which one. */
+export function alienHit(fleet, x, y) {
+  for (let row = 0; row < ROWS; row++) {
+    for (let col = 0; col < COLS; col++) {
+      if (!fleet.alive[row][col]) continue;
+      const at = alienAt(fleet, row, col);
+      if (y === at.y && x >= at.x && x <= at.x + 1) return { row, col };
+    }
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+function marchFleet(state) {
+  const fleet = state.fleet;
+  const cols = [];
+  for (let col = 0; col < COLS; col++) if (fleet.alive.some((row) => row[col])) cols.push(col);
+  if (!cols.length) return state;
+  const leftMost = fleet.x + cols[0] * PITCH_X;
+  const rightMost = fleet.x + cols[cols.length - 1] * PITCH_X + 1;
+
+  if ((fleet.dir > 0 && rightMost >= WIDTH - 1) || (fleet.dir < 0 && leftMost <= 0)) {
+    fleet.dir *= -1;
+    fleet.y += 1;
+  } else {
+    fleet.x += fleet.dir;
+  }
+
+  // The fleet landing is the loss condition, and it beats having lives left.
+  for (let row = 0; row < ROWS; row++) {
+    for (let col = 0; col < COLS; col++) {
+      if (fleet.alive[row][col] && alienAt(fleet, row, col).y >= BUNKER_ROW) {
+        state.over = `the fleet landed · ${state.score} points`;
+        return state;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return state;
+}
+
+/** One tick. Exported so a test can clear a wave with no clock. */
+export function step(state) {
+  const { rng } = state;
+
+  // The shot climbs a row at a time even though it covers two, so it can never
+  // skip over the row an alien is standing on.
+  for (let i = 0; i < SHOT_SPEED && state.shot; i++) {
+    state.shot.y -= 1;
+    if (state.shot.y < 0) { state.shot = null; break; }
+    if (chip(state.bunkers, state.shot.x, state.shot.y)) { state.shot = null; break; }
+    const hit = alienHit(state.fleet, state.shot.x, state.shot.y);
+    if (!hit) continue;
+    state.fleet.alive[hit.row][hit.col] = false;
+    state.score += KINDS[hit.row].points;
+    state.shot = null;
+    if (!aliveCount(state.fleet)) {
+      state.wave++;
+      state.fleet = newFleet(state.wave);
+      state.bombs = [];
+      return state;
+    }
+  }
+
+  state.tick++;
+  if (state.tick % BOMB_EVERY === 0) {
+    for (const bomb of state.bombs) bomb.y += 1;
+    state.bombs = state.bombs.filter((bomb) => {
+      if (chip(state.bunkers, bomb.x, bomb.y)) return false;
+      if (bomb.y >= FLOOR_ROW) return false;
+      if (bomb.y === CANNON_ROW && Math.abs(bomb.x - state.cannon) <= 1) {
+        state.lives--;
+        if (state.lives <= 0) { state.lives = 0; state.over = `out of cannons · ${state.score} points`; }
+        return false;
+      }
+      return true;
+    });
+  }
+  if (state.over) return state;
+
+  // Somebody on the front line lets one go, more often the fewer are left.
+  const front = frontLine(state.fleet);
+  if (front.length && state.bombs.length < 3 && rng() < 0.02 + (COLS - front.length) * 0.004) {
+    const from = front[Math.floor(rng() * front.length) % front.length];
+    const at = alienAt(state.fleet, from.row, from.col);
+    state.bombs.push({ x: at.x, y: at.y + 1 });
+  }
+
+  state.fleet.clock++;
+  if (state.fleet.clock >= cadence(state.fleet)) {
+    state.fleet.clock = 0;
+    marchFleet(state);
+  }
+  return state;
+}
+
+export const INVADERS = {
+  key: "invaders",
+  aliases: ["spaceinvaders", "space", "aliens"],
+  title: "SPACE INVADERS",
+  blurb: "forty of them, and the last one moves fastest",
+  keys: "← → move · space fire · q quit",
+  tickMs: 55,
+
+  create({ rng = Math.random } = {}) {
+    return {
+      fleet: newFleet(1),
+      bunkers: buildBunkers(),
+      cannon: Math.floor(WIDTH / 2),
+      shot: null,
+      bombs: [],
+      score: 0,
+      lives: LIVES,
+      wave: 1,
+      tick: 0,
+      over: null,
+      rng,
+    };
+  },
+
+  tick: step,
+
+  onKey(state, key) {
+    if (key === "left") state.cannon = clamp(state.cannon - 1, 1, WIDTH - 2);
+    else if (key === "right") state.cannon = clamp(state.cannon + 1, 1, WIDTH - 2);
+    else if (key === "space" || key === "up" || key === "enter") {
+      // One shot in the air at a time. Everything about the pacing of this game
+      // comes from that single rule.
+      if (!state.shot) state.shot = { x: state.cannon, y: CANNON_ROW - 1 };
+    }
+    return state;
+  },
+
+  status(state) {
+    return state.over
+      ? state.over
+      : `${state.score} · wave ${state.wave} · ${"▲".repeat(state.lives)}`;
+  },
+
+  render(state) {
+    const grid = Array.from({ length: HEIGHT }, () => Array.from({ length: WIDTH }, () => null));
+    const put = (x, y, glyph) => {
+      if (x < 0 || x >= WIDTH || y < 0 || y >= HEIGHT) return;
+      grid[y][x] = glyph;
+    };
+
+    for (let row = 0; row < ROWS; row++) {
+      for (let col = 0; col < COLS; col++) {
+        if (!state.fleet.alive[row][col]) continue;
+        const at = alienAt(state.fleet, row, col);
+        const kind = KINDS[row];
+        [...kind.art].forEach((c, i) => put(at.x + i, at.y, kind.paint(c)));
+      }
+    }
+
+    for (const [x, hp] of state.bunkers) put(x, BUNKER_ROW, hp > 1 ? acid("█") : dim("▓"));
+    for (const bomb of state.bombs) put(bomb.x, bomb.y, danger("╽"));
+    if (state.shot) put(state.shot.x, state.shot.y, bone("│"));
+
+    if (state.over) {
+      put(state.cannon, CANNON_ROW, danger("✷"));
+    } else {
+      [...("▟█▙")].forEach((c, i) => put(state.cannon - 1 + i, CANNON_ROW, acid(c)));
+    }
+
+    return grid.map((row, y) => row.map((cell) => (
+      cell ?? (y === FLOOR_ROW ? ash("═") : " ")
+    )).join(""));
+  },
+};