mobile-debug-mcp 0.32.0 → 0.32.2

package/test/device/automated/ui-tree-performance/benchmark.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,401 @@
+import { createHash } from 'node:crypto'
+import { execFileSync } from 'node:child_process'
+import { createServer, type Server } from 'node:http'
+import { mkdirSync, readFileSync, writeFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+import path from 'node:path'
+import { Client } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/index.js'
+import { StdioClientTransport } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/client/stdio.js'
+import { buildFixture } from '../../../fixtures/latency-journey-app/build.js'
+import { summarize } from '../latency/report.js'
+
+const baselineRoot = process.env.UI_TREE_BASELINE_ROOT && path.resolve(process.env.UI_TREE_BASELINE_ROOT)
+const candidateRoot = process.env.UI_TREE_CANDIDATE_ROOT && path.resolve(process.env.UI_TREE_CANDIDATE_ROOT)
+const baselineOnly = process.argv.includes('--baseline-only')
+const smokeOnly = process.argv.includes('--smoke')
+const iterations = smokeOnly ? 1 : 13
+const deviceId = process.env.LATENCY_DEVICE_ID
+if (!baselineRoot || (!baselineOnly && !candidateRoot) || !deviceId) throw new Error('Set UI_TREE_BASELINE_ROOT and LATENCY_DEVICE_ID; paired runs also require UI_TREE_CANDIDATE_ROOT')
+if (!baselineOnly && baselineRoot === candidateRoot) throw new Error('Baseline and candidate roots must be different')
+
+const appId = 'dev.mobiledebugmcp.latencyfixture'
+const activity = `${appId}/.MainActivity`
+const adb = (...args: string[]) => execFileSync('adb', ['-s', deviceId!, ...args], { encoding: 'utf8', timeout: 30000 }).trim()
+const monotonicNs = () => process.hrtime.bigint().toString()
+const elapsedMs = (start: bigint) => Number(process.hrtime.bigint() - start) / 1e6
+const selector = (accessibility_id: string) => ({ accessibility_id })
+const journeySteps: Record<string, any>[] = [{ id: 'launch', type: 'start_app', appId }]
+const staticFlow = [
+  ['saved-session', 'idle-detail'], ['activate', 'active-detail'], ['home', 'home-screen'],
+  ['saved-session', 'active-detail'], ['deactivate', 'idle-detail'], ['stop', 'stopped']
+]
+staticFlow.forEach(([target, expected], index) => {
+  journeySteps.push({ id: `tap-${index}`, type: 'tap', selector: selector(target), waitFor: { condition: 'clickable', timeoutMs: 10000, pollIntervalMs: 100 } })
+  journeySteps.push({ id: `assert-${index}`, type: 'assert', assertion: { kind: 'element_visible', selector: selector(expected) }, timeoutMs: 10000, pollIntervalMs: 100 })
+})
+
+interface MetricEvent { event?: string; type?: string; host_monotonic_ns?: string; [key: string]: unknown }
+interface HarnessClient { client: Client; events: MetricEvent[]; close: () => Promise<void> }
+
+function validateRoot(root: string) {
+  const serverPath = path.join(root, 'dist/server.js')
+  const packagePath = path.join(root, 'package.json')
+  if (!readFileSync(packagePath, 'utf8') || !readFileSync(serverPath, 'utf8')) throw new Error(`Missing built server or package metadata in ${root}`)
+  const status = execFileSync('git', ['status', '--porcelain'], { cwd: root, encoding: 'utf8' }).trim()
+  if (status) throw new Error(`Benchmark root must be clean before device reset: ${root}`)
+  return { commit: execFileSync('git', ['rev-parse', 'HEAD'], { cwd: root, encoding: 'utf8' }).trim(), version: JSON.parse(readFileSync(packagePath, 'utf8')).version }
+}
+
+function safeFailure(error: unknown) {
+  if (!(error instanceof Error)) return 'unknown_error'
+  const safePrefixes = [
+    'run_journey failed (',
+    'find_element failed (',
+    'get_ui_tree failed (',
+    'Static journey returned success=',
+    'Network fixture did not expose loading-only state for ',
+    'Network fixture never exposed ready/value for ',
+    'Network assertion used a tree read started before the response for ',
+    'Fixture request timed out for ',
+    'Fixture response was not sent for '
+  ]
+  return safePrefixes.some((prefix) => error.message.startsWith(prefix)) ? error.message : error.name
+}
+
+async function startClient(root: string): Promise<HarnessClient> {
+  const events: MetricEvent[] = []
+  const transport = new StdioClientTransport({
+    command: process.execPath,
+    args: [path.join(root, 'dist/server.js')],
+    cwd: root,
+    env: { ...process.env, MOBILE_DEBUG_MCP_UI_TREE_METRICS: '1' },
+    stderr: 'pipe'
+  })
+  let pending = ''
+  transport.stderr?.on('data', (chunk) => {
+    pending += chunk.toString()
+    const lines = pending.split(/\r?\n/)
+    pending = lines.pop() ?? ''
+    for (const line of lines) {
+      try {
+        const event = JSON.parse(line)
+        if (event.event === 'ui_tree_metric') events.push(event)
+      } catch { /* Server diagnostics are not benchmark measurement records. */ }
+    }
+  })
+  const client = new Client({ name: 'ui-tree-performance', version: '1.0' })
+  await client.connect(transport)
+  return { client, events, close: () => client.close() }
+}
+
+async function call(harness: HarnessClient, name: string, args: Record<string, unknown>) {
+  const startedNs = monotonicNs()
+  const eventsStart = harness.events.length
+  const started = process.hrtime.bigint()
+  const response: any = await harness.client.callTool({ name, arguments: { platform: 'android', deviceId, ...args } }, undefined, { timeout: 300000 })
+  const elapsed = elapsedMs(started)
+  const text = response.content?.find((item: any) => item.type === 'text')?.text
+  let data: any
+  try { data = JSON.parse(text ?? '{}') } catch { throw new Error(`${name} returned a non-JSON response`) }
+  if (response.isError || data.error || data.success === false || data.status === 'timeout') {
+    const failedStep = Array.isArray(args.steps) ? args.steps.find((step: any) => step.id === data.stopped_at_step_id) : undefined
+    const selectorId = failedStep?.selector?.accessibility_id ?? failedStep?.assertion?.selector?.accessibility_id
+    const stepDetail = failedStep ? ` step=${failedStep.id}${selectorId ? ` selector=${selectorId}` : ''}` : ''
+    throw new Error(`${name} failed (${data.failure_code ?? data.error?.code ?? 'tool_error'})${stepDetail}`)
+  }
+  return { data, elapsed, started_ns: startedNs, events: harness.events.slice(eventsStart) }
+}
+
+function resetFixture(apk: string) {
+  adb('shell', 'am', 'force-stop', appId)
+  try { adb('shell', 'pm', 'clear', appId) } catch { /* First install has no app data. */ }
+  try {
+    adb('install', '-r', apk)
+  } catch (error) {
+    if (!(error instanceof Error) || !error.message.includes('INSTALL_FAILED_UPDATE_INCOMPATIBLE')) throw error
+    adb('uninstall', appId)
+    adb('install', '-r', apk)
+  }
+}
+
+function containsElement(tree: any, id: string) {
+  return Array.isArray(tree?.elements) && tree.elements.some((element: any) => element.contentDescription === id || element.resourceId === id || element.text === id)
+}
+
+async function runStatic(harness: HarnessClient, apk: string) {
+  resetFixture(apk)
+  adb('shell', 'am', 'start', '-n', activity)
+  const diagnostic = await call(harness, 'find_element', { query: 'saved-session', exact: true, timeoutMs: 10000 })
+  adb('shell', 'am', 'force-stop', appId)
+  adb('shell', 'pm', 'clear', appId)
+  const result = await call(harness, 'run_journey', {
+    responseMode: 'compact',
+    defaults: { verificationMode: 'light', actionTimeoutMs: 30000, verificationTimeoutMs: 3000 },
+    steps: journeySteps
+  })
+  if (result.data.success !== true) throw new Error(`Static journey returned success=${result.data.success}`)
+  return {
+    elapsed_ms: result.elapsed,
+    started_ns: result.started_ns,
+    find_element_diagnostic: { elapsed_ms: diagnostic.elapsed, found: diagnostic.data.found },
+    request_sequence: [
+      { tool: 'find_element', phase: 'diagnostic' },
+      { tool: 'run_journey', steps: journeySteps.map((step) => ({ id: step.id, type: step.type })) }
+    ],
+    events: [...diagnostic.events, ...result.events],
+    steps: result.data.steps.map((step: any) => ({ id: step.id, status: step.status, success: step.success, failure_code: step.result?.failure_code }))
+  }
+}
+
+interface ControlledServer { server: Server; url: string; waitForRequest: () => Promise<void>; release: () => Promise<string> }
+
+async function startControlledServer(delayMs: number, runId: string): Promise<ControlledServer> {
+  let requestSeen!: () => void
+  let releaseResponse!: () => void
+  let sendNs = ''
+  const requestPromise = new Promise<void>((resolve) => { requestSeen = resolve })
+  const releasePromise = new Promise<void>((resolve) => { releaseResponse = resolve })
+  const server = createServer(async (request, response) => {
+    const requestUrl = new URL(request.url ?? '/', 'http://localhost')
+    if (requestUrl.pathname !== '/data' || requestUrl.searchParams.get('run_id') !== runId) {
+      response.writeHead(404).end()
+      return
+    }
+    requestSeen()
+    await releasePromise
+    await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, delayMs))
+    sendNs = monotonicNs()
+    response.writeHead(200, { 'content-type': 'text/plain', 'cache-control': 'no-store' }).end(`${runId}|value-${runId}`)
+  })
+  await new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
+    server.once('error', reject)
+    server.listen(0, '0.0.0.0', () => resolve())
+  })
+  const address = server.address()
+  if (!address || typeof address === 'string') throw new Error('Could not bind local fixture server')
+  const waitForRequest = () => new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
+    const timer = setTimeout(() => reject(new Error(`Fixture request timed out for ${runId}`)), 10000)
+    requestPromise.then(() => { clearTimeout(timer); resolve() })
+  })
+  return {
+    server,
+    url: `http://10.0.2.2:${address.port}`,
+    waitForRequest,
+    release: async () => {
+      await waitForRequest()
+      releaseResponse()
+      const deadline = Date.now() + delayMs + 15000
+      while (!sendNs && Date.now() < deadline) await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 10))
+      if (!sendNs) throw new Error(`Fixture response was not sent for ${runId}`)
+      return sendNs
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+async function runNetwork(harness: HarnessClient, apk: string, delayMs: number, runId: string) {
+  resetFixture(apk)
+  const server = await startControlledServer(delayMs, runId)
+  const allEventsStart = harness.events.length
+  try {
+    adb('shell', 'am', 'start', '-n', activity, '--es', 'networkBaseUrl', server.url, '--es', 'networkRunId', runId)
+    const started = process.hrtime.bigint()
+    const initial = await call(harness, 'get_ui_tree', { _metricsStepId: `network-loading-${runId}` })
+    if (!containsElement(initial.data, 'loading') || containsElement(initial.data, 'ready') || containsElement(initial.data, 'value')) {
+      throw new Error(`Network fixture did not expose loading-only state for ${runId}`)
+    }
+    const sendNs = await server.release()
+    const deadline = Date.now() + 15000
+    let finalTree: any = null
+    let finalReadEvents: MetricEvent[] = []
+    let finalReadStartNs = ''
+    while (Date.now() < deadline) {
+      const observation = await call(harness, 'get_ui_tree', { _metricsStepId: `network-post-response-${runId}` })
+      if (containsElement(observation.data, 'ready') && observation.data.elements?.some((element: any) => element.contentDescription === 'value' && element.text === `value-${runId}`)) {
+        finalTree = observation.data
+        finalReadEvents = observation.events
+        finalReadStartNs = observation.started_ns
+        break
+      }
+    }
+    if (!finalTree) throw new Error(`Network fixture never exposed ready/value for ${runId}`)
+    const physicalStarts = finalReadEvents.filter((event) => event.type === 'physical_read_started')
+    if (!physicalStarts.length || physicalStarts.some((event) => BigInt(String(event.host_monotonic_ns)) <= BigInt(sendNs))) {
+      throw new Error(`Network assertion used a tree read started before the response for ${runId}`)
+    }
+    return {
+      elapsed_ms: elapsedMs(started),
+      request_started_ns: initial.started_ns,
+      response_sent_ns: sendNs,
+      assertion_request_started_ns: finalReadStartNs,
+      request_sequence: [
+        { tool: 'get_ui_tree', step_id: `network-loading-${runId}` },
+        { tool: 'get_ui_tree', step_id: `network-post-response-${runId}`, attempts: finalReadEvents.filter((event) => event.type === 'physical_read_started').length }
+      ],
+      events: harness.events.slice(allEventsStart),
+      assertion_read_events: finalReadEvents
+    }
+  } finally {
+    server.server.closeAllConnections()
+    await new Promise<void>((resolve) => server.server.close(() => resolve()))
+  }
+}
+
+async function main() {
+  const roots: Record<string, { commit: string; version: string }> = { baseline: validateRoot(baselineRoot!) }
+  if (!baselineOnly) roots.candidate = validateRoot(candidateRoot!)
+  const apk = buildFixture()
+  const fixtureHash = createHash('sha256').update(readFileSync(apk)).digest('hex')
+  const baselineClient = await startClient(baselineRoot!)
+  const clients: Record<'baseline' | 'candidate', HarnessClient | undefined> = { baseline: baselineClient, candidate: undefined }
+  if (!baselineOnly) {
+    try { clients.candidate = await startClient(candidateRoot!) }
+    catch (error) { await baselineClient.close(); throw error }
+  }
+  const raw: any[] = []
+  try {
+    const runModes = async (kind: 'static' | 'network', delayMs?: number) => {
+      for (let iteration = 0; iteration < iterations; iteration++) {
+        const order: Array<'baseline' | 'candidate'> = baselineOnly ? ['baseline'] : iteration % 2 === 0 ? ['baseline', 'candidate'] : ['candidate', 'baseline']
+        for (const mode of order) {
+          const warmup = !smokeOnly && iteration < 3
+          const runId = `${kind}-${delayMs ?? 0}-${iteration}-${mode}-${Date.now()}`
+          const harness = clients[mode]
+          if (!harness) throw new Error(`Missing ${mode} MCP client`)
+          const eventsStart = harness.events.length
+          try {
+            const result = kind === 'static'
+              ? await runStatic(harness, apk)
+              : await runNetwork(harness, apk, delayMs!, runId)
+            raw.push({ mode, flow: kind, delay_ms: delayMs, iteration, warmup, success: true, ...result })
+            console.log(`${kind} ${delayMs ?? ''} ${mode} ${iteration + 1}/${iterations} PASS`)
+          } catch (error) {
+            const failure = safeFailure(error)
+            raw.push({ mode, flow: kind, delay_ms: delayMs, iteration, warmup, success: false, failure, events: harness.events.slice(eventsStart) })
+            console.error(`${kind} ${delayMs ?? ''} ${mode} ${iteration + 1}/${iterations} FAIL: ${failure}`)
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    await runModes('static')
+    await runModes('network', 100)
+    await runModes('network', 1500)
+  } finally {
+    await Promise.all(Object.values(clients).filter((harness): harness is HarnessClient => !!harness).map((harness) => harness.close()))
+  }
+
+  if (smokeOnly) {
+    if (raw.some((run) => !run.success)) process.exitCode = 1
+    return
+  }
+
+  const summarizeMode = (mode: 'baseline' | 'candidate', flow: string, delayMs?: number) => {
+    const measured = raw.filter((run) => run.mode === mode && run.flow === flow && run.delay_ms === delayMs && !run.warmup)
+    const successful = measured.filter((run) => run.success)
+    const actionSamples = successful.flatMap((run) => run.events.filter((event: MetricEvent) => event.type === 'action_observation'))
+    const acquisitions = successful.flatMap((run) => run.events.filter((event: MetricEvent) => event.type === 'acquisition_completed'))
+    const stageSamples = successful.flatMap((run) => run.events.filter((event: MetricEvent) => event.type === 'stage'))
+    const allEvents = measured.flatMap((run) => run.events ?? []) as MetricEvent[]
+    const groupKeys = [...new Set(allEvents.flatMap((event) => {
+      if (event.type === 'physical_read_started' || event.type === 'stage' || event.type === 'acquisition_completed') return [`${event.step_id ?? 'unattributed'}|${event.purpose ?? 'unspecified'}`]
+      if (event.type === 'observation_consumer') return [`${event.consumer_step_id ?? 'unattributed'}|${event.consumer_purpose ?? 'unspecified'}`]
+      return []
+    }))]
+    const acquisitionBreakdown = Object.fromEntries(groupKeys.map((key) => {
+      const [stepId, purpose] = key.split('|')
+      const events = allEvents.filter((event) => (event.step_id ?? 'unattributed') === stepId && (event.purpose ?? 'unspecified') === purpose)
+      const startedReads = events.filter((event) => event.type === 'physical_read_started')
+      const completedReads = events.filter((event) => event.type === 'physical_read_completed')
+      const invalidParseAttempts = events.filter((event) => event.type === 'stage' && event.stage === 'parse_ms' && event.success === false)
+      const failedReadAttempts = new Set([
+        ...completedReads.filter((event) => event.success === false).map((event) => `${event.acquisition_id}|${event.attempt_index}`),
+        ...invalidParseAttempts.map((event) => `${event.acquisition_id}|${event.attempt_index}`)
+      ])
+      const stageGroups = Object.fromEntries([...new Set(events.filter((event) => event.type === 'stage').map((event) => String(event.stage)))].map((stage) => [stage, summarize(events.filter((event) => event.type === 'stage' && event.stage === stage && typeof event.elapsed_ms === 'number').map((event) => Number(event.elapsed_ms)))]))
+      const reused = allEvents.filter((event) => event.type === 'observation_consumer' && (event.consumer_step_id ?? 'unattributed') === stepId && (event.consumer_purpose ?? 'unspecified') === purpose).reduce((sum, event) => sum + Number(event.reused_observations ?? 0), 0)
+      return [key, {
+        physical_tree_reads: startedReads.length,
+        failed_tree_reads: failedReadAttempts.size,
+        reused_observations: reused,
+        tree_read_ms: summarize(completedReads.filter((event) => typeof event.elapsed_ms === 'number').map((event) => Number(event.elapsed_ms))),
+        acquisition_ms: summarize(acquisitions.filter((event) => (event.step_id ?? 'unattributed') === stepId && (event.purpose ?? 'unspecified') === purpose).map((event) => Number(event.elapsed_ms))),
+        stages_ms: stageGroups
+      }]
+    }))
+    return {
+      measured_attempts: measured.length,
+      failures: measured.filter((run) => !run.success).length,
+      end_to_end_ms: summarize(successful.map((run) => run.elapsed_ms)),
+      action_observations: actionSamples,
+      acquisitions,
+      stage_samples: stageSamples,
+      acquisition_breakdown_by_step_purpose: acquisitionBreakdown,
+      target_resolution_ms: summarize(actionSamples.filter((event) => typeof event.target_resolution_ms === 'number').map((event) => Number(event.target_resolution_ms))),
+      dispatch_ms: summarize(actionSamples.filter((event) => typeof event.dispatch_ms === 'number').map((event) => Number(event.dispatch_ms))),
+      light_verification_elapsed_ms: summarize(actionSamples.filter((event) => typeof event.verification_elapsed_ms === 'number').map((event) => Number(event.verification_elapsed_ms))),
+      light_verification_unavailable_count: actionSamples.filter((event) => event.verification_outcome === 'unavailable').length,
+      find_element_ms: summarize(successful.filter((run) => typeof run.find_element_diagnostic?.elapsed_ms === 'number').map((run) => Number(run.find_element_diagnostic.elapsed_ms))),
+      find_element_not_found_count: successful.filter((run) => run.find_element_diagnostic?.found !== true).length
+    }
+  }
+  const modes: Record<string, any> = {
+    baseline: { static: summarizeMode('baseline', 'static'), network_100ms: summarizeMode('baseline', 'network', 100), network_1500ms: summarizeMode('baseline', 'network', 1500) }
+  }
+  if (!baselineOnly) modes.candidate = { static: summarizeMode('candidate', 'static'), network_100ms: summarizeMode('candidate', 'network', 100), network_1500ms: summarizeMode('candidate', 'network', 1500) }
+  const baselineSummary = modes.baseline as any
+  const candidateSummary = modes.candidate as any
+  const gates = baselineOnly ? undefined : {
+    static_p50_improvement: !!baselineSummary.static.end_to_end_ms && !!candidateSummary.static.end_to_end_ms && candidateSummary.static.end_to_end_ms.p50 <= baselineSummary.static.end_to_end_ms.p50 * 0.85,
+    static_p95_regression: !!baselineSummary.static.end_to_end_ms && !!candidateSummary.static.end_to_end_ms && candidateSummary.static.end_to_end_ms.p95 <= baselineSummary.static.end_to_end_ms.p95 * 1.05,
+    network_100ms_p95_regression: !!baselineSummary.network_100ms.end_to_end_ms && !!candidateSummary.network_100ms.end_to_end_ms && candidateSummary.network_100ms.end_to_end_ms.p95 <= baselineSummary.network_100ms.end_to_end_ms.p95 * 1.05,
+    network_1500ms_p95_regression: !!baselineSummary.network_1500ms.end_to_end_ms && !!candidateSummary.network_1500ms.end_to_end_ms && candidateSummary.network_1500ms.end_to_end_ms.p95 <= baselineSummary.network_1500ms.end_to_end_ms.p95 * 1.05,
+    zero_measured_failures: !raw.some((run) => !run.warmup && !run.success)
+  }
+  const report = {
+    created_at: new Date().toISOString(),
+    fixture_sha256: fixtureHash,
+    fixture_version: '1.0',
+    device_id: '[redacted]',
+    platform: 'android',
+    model: adb('shell', 'getprop', 'ro.product.model'),
+    os: adb('shell', 'getprop', 'ro.build.version.release'),
+    api: adb('shell', 'getprop', 'ro.build.version.sdk'),
+    emulator_image: adb('emu', 'avd', 'name').split('\n')[0].trim(),
+    display_size: adb('shell', 'wm', 'size'),
+    display_density: adb('shell', 'wm', 'density'),
+    host: { platform: process.platform, arch: process.arch, node: process.version },
+    command_timeout_ms: 30000,
+    request_timeout_ms: 300000,
+    warmup_runs_per_flow: 3,
+    measured_runs_per_flow: 10,
+    roots,
+    modes,
+    gates,
+    raw
+  }
+  const environment = {
+    model: report.model,
+    os: report.os,
+    api: report.api,
+    emulator_image: report.emulator_image,
+    display_size: report.display_size,
+    display_density: report.display_density,
+    host: report.host,
+    command_timeout_ms: report.command_timeout_ms,
+    request_timeout_ms: report.request_timeout_ms,
+    warmup_runs_per_flow: report.warmup_runs_per_flow,
+    measured_runs_per_flow: report.measured_runs_per_flow
+  }
+  const outputRoot = path.join(baselineOnly ? baselineRoot! : candidateRoot!, 'docs/benchmarks/ui-tree-performance')
+  mkdirSync(outputRoot, { recursive: true })
+  writeFileSync(path.join(outputRoot, 'baseline.json'), JSON.stringify({ commit: roots.baseline.commit, server_version: roots.baseline.version, fixture_sha256: fixtureHash, platform: report.platform, environment, modes: modes.baseline, raw: raw.filter((run) => run.mode === 'baseline') }, null, 2))
+  if (!baselineOnly) {
+    writeFileSync(path.join(outputRoot, 'comparison.json'), JSON.stringify(report, null, 2))
+    writeFileSync(path.join(outputRoot, 'candidate.json'), JSON.stringify({ commit: roots.candidate.commit, server_version: roots.candidate.version, fixture_sha256: fixtureHash, platform: report.platform, environment, modes: modes.candidate, raw: raw.filter((run) => run.mode === 'candidate') }, null, 2))
+    const rows = Object.entries(modes).flatMap(([mode, flows]: [string, any]) => Object.entries(flows).map(([flow, value]: [string, any]) => `| ${mode} | ${flow} | ${value.end_to_end_ms?.p50 ?? 'n/a'} | ${value.end_to_end_ms?.p95 ?? 'n/a'} | ${value.failures} |`))
+    writeFileSync(path.join(outputRoot, 'comparison.md'), `# UI tree observation performance\n\nFixture SHA-256: ${fixtureHash}. Android ${report.os}, API ${report.api}. Three warm-ups and ten measured attempts per flow and mode. Failed attempts are visible in the JSON reports and excluded from percentiles.\n\n| Mode | Flow | p50 ms | p95 ms | Failures |\n|---|---|---:|---:|---:|\n${rows.join('\n')}\n\n| Acceptance gate | Result |\n|---|---|\n${Object.entries(gates!).map(([gate, passed]) => `| ${gate} | ${passed ? 'pass' : 'fail'} |`).join('\n')}\n\nRaw per-attempt records include acquisition and consumer events, response-send timestamps, and assertion-read timestamps. Device serials and UI contents are not recorded.\n`)
+    if (Object.values(gates!).some((passed) => !passed)) process.exitCode = 1
+  } else if (raw.some((run) => !run.warmup && !run.success)) {
+    process.exitCode = 1
+  }
+}
+
+main().catch((error) => { console.error(error); process.exitCode = 1 })

package/test/device/automated/ui-tree-performance/bridge-probe.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+import { execFileSync, spawn, type ChildProcess } from 'node:child_process'
+import { createServer } from 'node:http'
+import { connect } from 'node:net'
+import { mkdirSync, writeFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+import path from 'node:path'
+import { randomUUID } from 'node:crypto'
+import { XMLParser } from 'fast-xml-parser'
+import { buildBridge } from '../../../fixtures/ui-tree-bridge/build.js'
+import { buildFixture } from '../../../fixtures/latency-journey-app/build.js'
+import { summarize } from '../latency/report.js'
+
+const deviceId = process.env.LATENCY_DEVICE_ID ?? ''
+if (!deviceId) throw new Error('Set LATENCY_DEVICE_ID to one Android emulator')
+const bridgePackage = 'dev.mobiledebugmcp.treebridge'
+const fixturePackage = 'dev.mobiledebugmcp.latencyfixture'
+const hostPort = 39020
+const devicePort = 39019
+const parser = new XMLParser({ ignoreAttributes: false, attributeNamePrefix: '@_' })
+const sleep = (ms: number) => new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms))
+const elapsedMs = (start: bigint) => Number(process.hrtime.bigint() - start) / 1e6
+const adb = (...args: string[]) => execFileSync('adb', ['-s', deviceId!, ...args], { encoding: 'utf8', timeout: 30000, stdio: ['ignore', 'pipe', 'pipe'] }).trim()
+
+function install(apk: string, appId: string) {
+  try { adb('install', '-r', apk) }
+  catch (error) {
+    if (!(error instanceof Error) || !error.message.includes('INSTALL_FAILED_UPDATE_INCOMPATIBLE')) throw error
+    adb('uninstall', appId)
+    adb('install', '-r', apk)
+  }
+}
+
+function nodes(xml: string): Array<Record<string, string>> {
+  const tree = parser.parse(xml)
+  const result: Array<Record<string, string>> = []
+  const visit = (item: any) => {
+    if (!item) return
+    if (Array.isArray(item)) return item.forEach(visit)
+    if (item['@_class']) result.push(item)
+    visit(item.node)
+  }
+  visit(tree.hierarchy)
+  return result
+}
+
+function bridgeRead(): Promise<{ xml: string; elapsed_ms: number; started_ns: bigint }> {
+  const started_ns = process.hrtime.bigint()
+  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    let output = ''
+    const socket = connect(hostPort, '127.0.0.1', () => socket.write('TREE\n'))
+    socket.setTimeout(10000, () => socket.destroy(new Error('Bridge read timed out')))
+    socket.on('data', (chunk) => { output += chunk.toString() })
+    socket.on('error', reject)
+    socket.on('end', () => {
+      if (!output.startsWith('OK\n') || !output.includes('<hierarchy')) return reject(new Error(`Bridge response failed: ${output.slice(0, 80)}`))
+      resolve({ xml: output.slice(3), elapsed_ms: elapsedMs(started_ns), started_ns })
+    })
+  })
+}
+
+async function readyBridge() {
+  const deadline = Date.now() + 10000
+  while (Date.now() < deadline) {
+    try { return await bridgeRead() } catch { await sleep(100) }
+  }
+  throw new Error('Bridge did not become ready')
+}
+
+async function stopBridge() {
+  await new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
+    const socket = connect(hostPort, '127.0.0.1', () => socket.write('STOP\n'))
+    socket.setTimeout(5000, () => socket.destroy(new Error('Bridge stop timed out')))
+    socket.on('error', reject)
+    socket.on('data', (chunk) => {
+      if (chunk.toString().startsWith('OK\n')) {
+        socket.destroy()
+        resolve()
+      }
+    })
+  })
+}
+
+async function main() {
+  const bridgeApk = buildBridge()
+  const fixtureApk = buildFixture()
+  install(bridgeApk, bridgePackage)
+  install(fixtureApk, fixturePackage)
+  const runId = randomUUID()
+  let releaseResponse!: () => void
+  let requestSeen!: () => void
+  let responseSentNs = 0n
+  const requestPromise = new Promise<void>((resolve) => { requestSeen = resolve })
+  const releasePromise = new Promise<void>((resolve) => { releaseResponse = resolve })
+  const server = createServer(async (request, response) => {
+    const url = new URL(request.url ?? '/', 'http://localhost')
+    if (url.pathname !== '/data' || url.searchParams.get('run_id') !== runId) return response.writeHead(404).end()
+    requestSeen()
+    await releasePromise
+    await sleep(100)
+    responseSentNs = process.hrtime.bigint()
+    response.writeHead(200, { 'content-type': 'text/plain', 'cache-control': 'no-store' }).end(`${runId}|value-${runId}`)
+  })
+  await new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => { server.once('error', reject); server.listen(0, '0.0.0.0', resolve) })
+  const address = server.address()
+  if (!address || typeof address === 'string') throw new Error('Fixture server did not bind')
+  const instrumentation: ChildProcess = spawn('adb', ['-s', deviceId, 'shell', 'am', 'instrument', '-w', `${bridgePackage}/.TreeInstrumentation`], { stdio: ['ignore', 'pipe', 'pipe'] })
+  let bridgeStarted = false
+  let forwarded = false
+  try {
+    adb('forward', `tcp:${hostPort}`, `tcp:${devicePort}`)
+    forwarded = true
+    await readyBridge()
+    bridgeStarted = true
+    adb('shell', 'am', 'force-stop', fixturePackage)
+    adb('shell', 'am', 'start', '-n', `${fixturePackage}/.MainActivity`, '--ez', 'silentTimer', 'true')
+    const initialDeadline = Date.now() + 5000
+    let initialTimer = false
+    while (Date.now() < initialDeadline) {
+      initialTimer = nodes((await bridgeRead()).xml).some((node) => node['@_content-desc'] === 'silent timer 0:00')
+      if (initialTimer) break
+      await sleep(50)
+    }
+    if (!initialTimer) throw new Error('Bridge did not observe the initial silent timer')
+    await sleep(2300)
+    const updatedTimer = nodes((await bridgeRead()).xml).some((node) => node['@_content-desc'] === 'silent timer 0:01')
+    if (!updatedTimer) throw new Error('Bridge reused a cached timer node after a visible update without an accessibility event')
+    adb('shell', 'am', 'force-stop', fixturePackage)
+    adb('shell', 'pm', 'clear', fixturePackage)
+    adb('shell', 'am', 'start', '-n', `${fixturePackage}/.MainActivity`, '--es', 'networkBaseUrl', `http://10.0.2.2:${address.port}`, '--es', 'networkRunId', runId)
+    await Promise.race([requestPromise, sleep(10000).then(() => { throw new Error('Fixture request timed out') })])
+    const loadingDeadline = Date.now() + 10000
+    let loadingOnly = false
+    while (Date.now() < loadingDeadline) {
+      const tree = nodes((await bridgeRead()).xml)
+      loadingOnly = tree.some((node) => node['@_content-desc'] === 'loading') && !tree.some((node) => node['@_content-desc'] === 'ready' || node['@_content-desc'] === 'value')
+      if (loadingOnly) break
+      await sleep(50)
+    }
+    if (!loadingOnly) throw new Error('Bridge did not observe loading-only state')
+    releaseResponse()
+    while (!responseSentNs) await sleep(10)
+    const readyDeadline = Date.now() + 10000
+    let readyRead: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof bridgeRead>> | undefined
+    while (Date.now() < readyDeadline) {
+      const read = await bridgeRead()
+      const tree = nodes(read.xml)
+      if (tree.some((node) => node['@_content-desc'] === 'ready') && tree.some((node) => node['@_content-desc'] === 'value' && node['@_text'] === `value-${runId}`)) {
+        readyRead = read
+        break
+      }
+      await sleep(50)
+    }
+    if (!readyRead || readyRead.started_ns <= responseSentNs) throw new Error('Bridge ready/value assertion was not based on a post-response read')
+    const bridgeSamples = []
+    for (let index = 0; index < 10; index++) bridgeSamples.push(await bridgeRead())
+    await stopBridge()
+    bridgeStarted = false
+    if (instrumentation.exitCode === null) await new Promise<void>((resolve) => instrumentation.once('close', () => resolve()))
+    adb('forward', '--remove', `tcp:${hostPort}`)
+    forwarded = false
+    const legacySamples: Array<{ xml: string; elapsed_ms: number }> = []
+    for (let index = 0; index < 10; index++) {
+      const started = process.hrtime.bigint()
+      // Android may still be releasing the instrumentation accessibility connection.
+      for (let retry = 0; ; retry++) {
+        try { adb('shell', 'uiautomator', 'dump', '/sdcard/ui.xml'); break }
+        catch (error) {
+          if (retry === 2) throw error
+          await sleep(500)
+        }
+      }
+      const xml = adb('shell', 'cat', '/sdcard/ui.xml')
+      legacySamples.push({ xml, elapsed_ms: elapsedMs(started) })
+    }
+    const bridgeNodes = nodes(bridgeSamples[0].xml)
+    const legacyNodes = nodes(legacySamples[0].xml)
+    const countIdentifiers = (items: Array<Record<string, string>>) => items.filter((node) => node['@_resource-id'] || node['@_content-desc']).length
+    const report = {
+      platform: 'android', device_id: '[redacted]', fixture: 'latency-journey-app',
+      network_freshness_passed: true,
+      silent_timer_freshness_passed: true,
+      bridge: { samples: summarize(bridgeSamples.map((sample) => sample.elapsed_ms)), node_count: bridgeNodes.length, identified_nodes: countIdentifiers(bridgeNodes) },
+      legacy: { samples: summarize(legacySamples.map((sample) => sample.elapsed_ms)), node_count: legacyNodes.length, identified_nodes: countIdentifiers(legacyNodes) }
+    }
+    const output = path.resolve('docs/benchmarks/ui-tree-performance/bridge-probe.json')
+    mkdirSync(path.dirname(output), { recursive: true })
+    writeFileSync(output, JSON.stringify(report, null, 2))
+    console.log(JSON.stringify(report))
+  } finally {
+    if (bridgeStarted) await stopBridge().catch(() => instrumentation.kill())
+    if (forwarded) { try { adb('forward', '--remove', `tcp:${hostPort}`) } catch { /* Best-effort cleanup. */ } }
+    if (!instrumentation.killed && instrumentation.exitCode === null) instrumentation.kill()
+    server.closeAllConnections()
+    await new Promise<void>((resolve) => server.close(() => resolve()))
+  }
+}
+
+main().catch((error) => { console.error(error); process.exitCode = 1 })

package/test/fixtures/latency-journey-app/AndroidManifest.xml

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="dev.mobiledebugmcp.latencyfixture" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0">
+  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
   <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="23" android:targetSdkVersion="35"/>
-  <application android:theme="@android:style/Theme.Material.Light.NoActionBar" android:label="Latency fixture" android:allowBackup="false">
+  <application android:theme="@android:style/Theme.Material.Light.NoActionBar" android:label="Latency fixture" android:allowBackup="false" android:usesCleartextTraffic="true">
     <activity android:name=".MainActivity" android:exported="true"><intent-filter><action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/><category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/></intent-filter></activity>
   </application>
 </manifest>

package/test/fixtures/latency-journey-app/README.md

@@ -7,4 +7,22 @@ tools; no Gradle dependency download is needed.
 Selectors are accessibility IDs: `saved-session`, `idle-detail`, `activate`,
 `active-detail`, `home`, `home-screen`, `deactivate`, `stop`, and `stopped`.
 The app keeps control state only in memory. Clearing data and relaunching restores
-Home with an inactive control. It requests no permissions and has no network code.
+Home with an inactive control. The static screen makes no network requests.
+
+The performance harness at `test/device/automated/ui-tree-performance/benchmark.ts` can launch the deterministic network screen with
+`networkBaseUrl` and `networkRunId` intent extras. That screen exposes `loading`,
+`ready`, and `value` accessibility IDs and makes one request to the local harness
+server; no public service is contacted.
+
+Capture the instrumented baseline from a clean, built baseline checkout:
+
+```sh
+UI_TREE_BASELINE_ROOT=/path/to/instrumented-baseline \
+LATENCY_DEVICE_ID=emulator-5554 \
+npx tsx test/device/automated/ui-tree-performance/benchmark.ts --baseline-only
+```
+
+After implementing a candidate optimization, run the paired comparison from a
+clean, built candidate checkout by also setting `UI_TREE_CANDIDATE_ROOT` and
+omitting `--baseline-only`. Each run has three warm-ups and ten measured
+attempts for the static journey and each controlled response delay.