min-heap-typed 1.40.0-rc → 1.41.0

package/dist/data-structures/binary-tree/tree-multiset.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+/**
+ * data-structure-typed
+ *
+ * @author Tyler Zeng
+ * @copyright Copyright (c) 2022 Tyler Zeng <zrwusa@gmail.com>
+ * @license MIT License
+ */
+import type { BTNKey, TreeMultisetNodeNested, TreeMultisetOptions } from '../../types';
+import { BinaryTreeDeletedResult, BTNCallback, IterationType } from '../../types';
+import { IBinaryTree } from '../../interfaces';
+import { AVLTree, AVLTreeNode } from './avl-tree';
+export declare class TreeMultisetNode<V = any, N extends TreeMultisetNode<V, N> = TreeMultisetNodeNested<V>> extends AVLTreeNode<V, N> {
+    count: number;
+    /**
+     * The constructor function initializes a BinaryTreeNode object with a key, value, and count.
+     * @param {BTNKey} key - The `key` parameter is of type `BTNKey` and represents the unique identifier
+     * of the binary tree node.
+     * @param {V} [value] - The `value` parameter is an optional parameter of type `V`. It represents the value of the binary
+     * tree node. If no value is provided, it will be `undefined`.
+     * @param {number} [count=1] - The `count` parameter is a number that represents the number of times a particular value
+     * occurs in a binary tree node. It has a default value of 1, which means that if no value is provided for the `count`
+     * parameter when creating a new instance of the `BinaryTreeNode` class.
+     */
+    constructor(key: BTNKey, value?: V, count?: number);
+}
+/**
+ * The only distinction between a TreeMultiset and a AVLTree lies in the ability of the former to store duplicate nodes through the utilization of counters.
+ */
+export declare class TreeMultiset<V = any, N extends TreeMultisetNode<V, N> = TreeMultisetNode<V, TreeMultisetNodeNested<V>>> extends AVLTree<V, N> implements IBinaryTree<V, N> {
+    /**
+     * The constructor function for a TreeMultiset class in TypeScript, which extends another class and sets an option to
+     * merge duplicated values.
+     * @param {TreeMultisetOptions} [options] - An optional object that contains additional configuration options for the
+     * TreeMultiset.
+     */
+    constructor(options?: TreeMultisetOptions);
+    private _count;
+    get count(): number;
+    /**
+     * The function creates a new BSTNode with the given key, value, and count.
+     * @param {BTNKey} key - The key parameter is the unique identifier for the binary tree node. It is used to
+     * distinguish one node from another in the tree.
+     * @param {N} value - The `value` parameter represents the value that will be stored in the binary search tree node.
+     * @param {number} [count] - The "count" parameter is an optional parameter of type number. It represents the number of
+     * occurrences of the value in the binary search tree node. If not provided, the count will default to 1.
+     * @returns A new instance of the BSTNode class with the specified key, value, and count (if provided).
+     */
+    createNode(key: BTNKey, value?: V, count?: number): N;
+    /**
+     * The `add` function adds a new node to a binary search tree, updating the count if the key already
+     * exists, and balancing the tree if necessary.
+     * @param {BTNKey | N | null} keyOrNode - The `keyOrNode` parameter can be either a
+     * `BTNKey` (which represents the key of the node to be added), a `N` (which represents a
+     * node to be added), or `null` (which represents a null node).
+     * @param [value] - The `value` parameter represents the value associated with the key that is being
+     * added to the binary tree.
+     * @param [count=1] - The `count` parameter represents the number of occurrences of the key/value
+     * pair that will be added to the binary tree. It has a default value of 1, which means that if no
+     * count is specified, the default count will be 1.
+     * @returns The function `add` returns a value of type `N | null | undefined`.
+     */
+    add(keyOrNode: BTNKey | N | null, value?: V, count?: number): N | null | undefined;
+    /**
+     * The function adds a new node to a binary tree if there is an available slot in the parent node.
+     * @param {N | null} newNode - The `newNode` parameter represents the node that needs to be added to
+     * the tree. It can be either a node object (`N`) or `null`.
+     * @param {N} parent - The `parent` parameter represents the parent node to which the new node will
+     * be added as a child.
+     * @returns The method `_addTo` returns either the `parent.left`, `parent.right`, or `undefined`.
+     */
+    _addTo(newNode: N | null, parent: N): N | null | undefined;
+    /**
+     * The `addMany` function adds multiple keys or nodes to a TreeMultiset and returns an array of the
+     * inserted nodes.
+     * @param {(BTNKey | null)[] | (N | null)[]} keysOrNodes - An array of keys or nodes to be
+     * added to the multiset. Each element can be either a BTNKey or a TreeMultisetNode.
+     * @param {V[]} [data] - The `data` parameter is an optional array of values that correspond
+     * to the keys or nodes being added to the multiset. It is used to associate additional data with
+     * each key or node.
+     * @returns The function `addMany` returns an array of `N`, `null`, or `undefined` values.
+     */
+    addMany(keysOrNodes: (BTNKey | null)[] | (N | null)[], data?: V[]): (N | null | undefined)[];
+    /**
+     * The `perfectlyBalance` function in TypeScript takes a sorted array of nodes and builds a balanced
+     * binary search tree using either a recursive or iterative approach.
+     * @param iterationType - The `iterationType` parameter is an optional parameter that specifies the
+     * type of iteration to use when building a balanced binary search tree. It can have two possible
+     * values:
+     * @returns a boolean value.
+     */
+    perfectlyBalance(iterationType?: IterationType): boolean;
+    /**
+     * The `delete` function in a binary search tree deletes a node from the tree and returns the deleted
+     * node along with the parent node that needs to be balanced.
+     * @param {ReturnType<C>} identifier - The `identifier` parameter is either a
+     * `BTNKey` or a generic type `N`. It represents the property of the node that we are
+     * searching for. It can be a specific key value or any other property of the node.
+     * @param callback - The `callback` parameter is a function that takes a node as input and returns a
+     * value. This value is compared with the `identifier` parameter to determine if the node should be
+     * included in the result. The `callback` parameter has a default value of
+     * `((node: N) => node.key)`
+     * @param [ignoreCount=false] - A boolean flag indicating whether to ignore the count of the node
+     * being deleted. If set to true, the count of the node will not be considered and the node will be
+     * deleted regardless of its count. If set to false (default), the count of the node will be
+     * decremented by 1 and
+     * @returns The method `delete` returns an array of `BinaryTreeDeletedResult<N>` objects.
+     */
+    delete<C extends BTNCallback<N>>(identifier: ReturnType<C>, callback?: C, ignoreCount?: boolean): BinaryTreeDeletedResult<N>[];
+    /**
+     * The clear() function clears the contents of a data structure and sets the count to zero.
+     */
+    clear(): void;
+    /**
+     * The function swaps the values of two nodes in a binary tree.
+     * @param {N} srcNode - The source node that needs to be swapped with the destination node.
+     * @param {N} destNode - The `destNode` parameter represents the destination node where the values
+     * from `srcNode` will be swapped into.
+     * @returns The method is returning the `destNode` after swapping its properties with the `srcNode`.
+     */
+    protected _swap(srcNode: N, destNode: N): N;
+    /**
+     * The function sets the value of the "_count" property.
+     * @param {number} v - number
+     */
+    protected _setCount(v: number): void;
+}

package/dist/data-structures/binary-tree/tree-multiset.js

@@ -0,0 +1,355 @@
+"use strict";
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+exports.TreeMultiset = exports.TreeMultisetNode = void 0;
+const types_1 = require("../../types");
+const avl_tree_1 = require("./avl-tree");
+class TreeMultisetNode extends avl_tree_1.AVLTreeNode {
+    /**
+     * The constructor function initializes a BinaryTreeNode object with a key, value, and count.
+     * @param {BTNKey} key - The `key` parameter is of type `BTNKey` and represents the unique identifier
+     * of the binary tree node.
+     * @param {V} [value] - The `value` parameter is an optional parameter of type `V`. It represents the value of the binary
+     * tree node. If no value is provided, it will be `undefined`.
+     * @param {number} [count=1] - The `count` parameter is a number that represents the number of times a particular value
+     * occurs in a binary tree node. It has a default value of 1, which means that if no value is provided for the `count`
+     * parameter when creating a new instance of the `BinaryTreeNode` class.
+     */
+    constructor(key, value, count = 1) {
+        super(key, value);
+        this.count = count;
+    }
+}
+exports.TreeMultisetNode = TreeMultisetNode;
+/**
+ * The only distinction between a TreeMultiset and a AVLTree lies in the ability of the former to store duplicate nodes through the utilization of counters.
+ */
+class TreeMultiset extends avl_tree_1.AVLTree {
+    /**
+     * The constructor function for a TreeMultiset class in TypeScript, which extends another class and sets an option to
+     * merge duplicated values.
+     * @param {TreeMultisetOptions} [options] - An optional object that contains additional configuration options for the
+     * TreeMultiset.
+     */
+    constructor(options) {
+        super(options);
+        this._count = 0;
+    }
+    get count() {
+        return this._count;
+    }
+    /**
+     * The function creates a new BSTNode with the given key, value, and count.
+     * @param {BTNKey} key - The key parameter is the unique identifier for the binary tree node. It is used to
+     * distinguish one node from another in the tree.
+     * @param {N} value - The `value` parameter represents the value that will be stored in the binary search tree node.
+     * @param {number} [count] - The "count" parameter is an optional parameter of type number. It represents the number of
+     * occurrences of the value in the binary search tree node. If not provided, the count will default to 1.
+     * @returns A new instance of the BSTNode class with the specified key, value, and count (if provided).
+     */
+    createNode(key, value, count) {
+        return new TreeMultisetNode(key, value, count);
+    }
+    /**
+     * The `add` function adds a new node to a binary search tree, updating the count if the key already
+     * exists, and balancing the tree if necessary.
+     * @param {BTNKey | N | null} keyOrNode - The `keyOrNode` parameter can be either a
+     * `BTNKey` (which represents the key of the node to be added), a `N` (which represents a
+     * node to be added), or `null` (which represents a null node).
+     * @param [value] - The `value` parameter represents the value associated with the key that is being
+     * added to the binary tree.
+     * @param [count=1] - The `count` parameter represents the number of occurrences of the key/value
+     * pair that will be added to the binary tree. It has a default value of 1, which means that if no
+     * count is specified, the default count will be 1.
+     * @returns The function `add` returns a value of type `N | null | undefined`.
+     */
+    add(keyOrNode, value, count = 1) {
+        let inserted = undefined, newNode;
+        if (keyOrNode instanceof TreeMultisetNode) {
+            newNode = this.createNode(keyOrNode.key, keyOrNode.value, keyOrNode.count);
+        }
+        else if (keyOrNode === null) {
+            newNode = null;
+        }
+        else {
+            newNode = this.createNode(keyOrNode, value, count);
+        }
+        if (!this.root) {
+            this._setRoot(newNode);
+            this._size = this.size + 1;
+            newNode && this._setCount(this.count + newNode.count);
+            inserted = this.root;
+        }
+        else {
+            let cur = this.root;
+            let traversing = true;
+            while (traversing) {
+                if (cur) {
+                    if (newNode) {
+                        if (this._compare(cur.key, newNode.key) === types_1.CP.eq) {
+                            cur.value = newNode.value;
+                            cur.count += newNode.count;
+                            this._setCount(this.count + newNode.count);
+                            traversing = false;
+                            inserted = cur;
+                        }
+                        else if (this._compare(cur.key, newNode.key) === types_1.CP.gt) {
+                            // Traverse left of the node
+                            if (cur.left === undefined) {
+                                //Add to the left of the current node
+                                cur.left = newNode;
+                                this._size = this.size + 1;
+                                this._setCount(this.count + newNode.count);
+                                traversing = false;
+                                inserted = cur.left;
+                            }
+                            else {
+                                //Traverse the left of the current node
+                                if (cur.left)
+                                    cur = cur.left;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        else if (this._compare(cur.key, newNode.key) === types_1.CP.lt) {
+                            // Traverse right of the node
+                            if (cur.right === undefined) {
+                                //Add to the right of the current node
+                                cur.right = newNode;
+                                this._size = this.size + 1;
+                                this._setCount(this.count + newNode.count);
+                                traversing = false;
+                                inserted = cur.right;
+                            }
+                            else {
+                                //Traverse the left of the current node
+                                if (cur.right)
+                                    cur = cur.right;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        // TODO may need to support null inserted
+                    }
+                }
+                else {
+                    traversing = false;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (inserted)
+            this._balancePath(inserted);
+        return inserted;
+    }
+    /**
+     * The function adds a new node to a binary tree if there is an available slot in the parent node.
+     * @param {N | null} newNode - The `newNode` parameter represents the node that needs to be added to
+     * the tree. It can be either a node object (`N`) or `null`.
+     * @param {N} parent - The `parent` parameter represents the parent node to which the new node will
+     * be added as a child.
+     * @returns The method `_addTo` returns either the `parent.left`, `parent.right`, or `undefined`.
+     */
+    _addTo(newNode, parent) {
+        if (parent) {
+            if (parent.left === undefined) {
+                parent.left = newNode;
+                if (newNode !== null) {
+                    this._size = this.size + 1;
+                    this._setCount(this.count + newNode.count);
+                }
+                return parent.left;
+            }
+            else if (parent.right === undefined) {
+                parent.right = newNode;
+                if (newNode !== null) {
+                    this._size = (this.size + 1);
+                    this._setCount(this.count + newNode.count);
+                }
+                return parent.right;
+            }
+            else {
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * The `addMany` function adds multiple keys or nodes to a TreeMultiset and returns an array of the
+     * inserted nodes.
+     * @param {(BTNKey | null)[] | (N | null)[]} keysOrNodes - An array of keys or nodes to be
+     * added to the multiset. Each element can be either a BTNKey or a TreeMultisetNode.
+     * @param {V[]} [data] - The `data` parameter is an optional array of values that correspond
+     * to the keys or nodes being added to the multiset. It is used to associate additional data with
+     * each key or node.
+     * @returns The function `addMany` returns an array of `N`, `null`, or `undefined` values.
+     */
+    addMany(keysOrNodes, data) {
+        const inserted = [];
+        for (let i = 0; i < keysOrNodes.length; i++) {
+            const keyOrNode = keysOrNodes[i];
+            if (keyOrNode instanceof TreeMultisetNode) {
+                inserted.push(this.add(keyOrNode.key, keyOrNode.value, keyOrNode.count));
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (keyOrNode === null) {
+                inserted.push(this.add(NaN, undefined, 0));
+                continue;
+            }
+            inserted.push(this.add(keyOrNode, data === null || data === void 0 ? void 0 : data[i], 1));
+        }
+        return inserted;
+    }
+    /**
+     * The `perfectlyBalance` function in TypeScript takes a sorted array of nodes and builds a balanced
+     * binary search tree using either a recursive or iterative approach.
+     * @param iterationType - The `iterationType` parameter is an optional parameter that specifies the
+     * type of iteration to use when building a balanced binary search tree. It can have two possible
+     * values:
+     * @returns a boolean value.
+     */
+    perfectlyBalance(iterationType = this.iterationType) {
+        const sorted = this.dfs(node => node, 'in'), n = sorted.length;
+        if (sorted.length < 1)
+            return false;
+        this.clear();
+        if (iterationType === types_1.IterationType.RECURSIVE) {
+            const buildBalanceBST = (l, r) => {
+                if (l > r)
+                    return;
+                const m = l + Math.floor((r - l) / 2);
+                const midNode = sorted[m];
+                this.add(midNode.key, midNode.value, midNode.count);
+                buildBalanceBST(l, m - 1);
+                buildBalanceBST(m + 1, r);
+            };
+            buildBalanceBST(0, n - 1);
+            return true;
+        }
+        else {
+            const stack = [[0, n - 1]];
+            while (stack.length > 0) {
+                const popped = stack.pop();
+                if (popped) {
+                    const [l, r] = popped;
+                    if (l <= r) {
+                        const m = l + Math.floor((r - l) / 2);
+                        const midNode = sorted[m];
+                        this.add(midNode.key, midNode.value, midNode.count);
+                        stack.push([m + 1, r]);
+                        stack.push([l, m - 1]);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * The `delete` function in a binary search tree deletes a node from the tree and returns the deleted
+     * node along with the parent node that needs to be balanced.
+     * @param {ReturnType<C>} identifier - The `identifier` parameter is either a
+     * `BTNKey` or a generic type `N`. It represents the property of the node that we are
+     * searching for. It can be a specific key value or any other property of the node.
+     * @param callback - The `callback` parameter is a function that takes a node as input and returns a
+     * value. This value is compared with the `identifier` parameter to determine if the node should be
+     * included in the result. The `callback` parameter has a default value of
+     * `((node: N) => node.key)`
+     * @param [ignoreCount=false] - A boolean flag indicating whether to ignore the count of the node
+     * being deleted. If set to true, the count of the node will not be considered and the node will be
+     * deleted regardless of its count. If set to false (default), the count of the node will be
+     * decremented by 1 and
+     * @returns The method `delete` returns an array of `BinaryTreeDeletedResult<N>` objects.
+     */
+    delete(identifier, callback = ((node) => node.key), ignoreCount = false) {
+        const bstDeletedResult = [];
+        if (!this.root)
+            return bstDeletedResult;
+        const curr = this.get(identifier, callback);
+        if (!curr)
+            return bstDeletedResult;
+        const parent = (curr === null || curr === void 0 ? void 0 : curr.parent) ? curr.parent : null;
+        let needBalanced = null, orgCurrent = curr;
+        if (curr.count > 1 && !ignoreCount) {
+            curr.count--;
+            this._setCount(this.count - 1);
+        }
+        else {
+            if (!curr.left) {
+                if (!parent) {
+                    if (curr.right !== undefined)
+                        this._setRoot(curr.right);
+                }
+                else {
+                    const { familyPosition: fp } = curr;
+                    if (fp === types_1.FamilyPosition.LEFT || fp === types_1.FamilyPosition.ROOT_LEFT) {
+                        parent.left = curr.right;
+                    }
+                    else if (fp === types_1.FamilyPosition.RIGHT || fp === types_1.FamilyPosition.ROOT_RIGHT) {
+                        parent.right = curr.right;
+                    }
+                    needBalanced = parent;
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                const leftSubTreeRightMost = curr.left ? this.getRightMost(curr.left) : null;
+                if (leftSubTreeRightMost) {
+                    const parentOfLeftSubTreeMax = leftSubTreeRightMost.parent;
+                    orgCurrent = this._swap(curr, leftSubTreeRightMost);
+                    if (parentOfLeftSubTreeMax) {
+                        if (parentOfLeftSubTreeMax.right === leftSubTreeRightMost) {
+                            parentOfLeftSubTreeMax.right = leftSubTreeRightMost.left;
+                        }
+                        else {
+                            parentOfLeftSubTreeMax.left = leftSubTreeRightMost.left;
+                        }
+                        needBalanced = parentOfLeftSubTreeMax;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            this._size = this.size - 1;
+            // TODO How to handle when the count of target node is lesser than current node's count
+            this._setCount(this.count - orgCurrent.count);
+        }
+        bstDeletedResult.push({ deleted: orgCurrent, needBalanced });
+        if (needBalanced) {
+            this._balancePath(needBalanced);
+        }
+        return bstDeletedResult;
+    }
+    /**
+     * The clear() function clears the contents of a data structure and sets the count to zero.
+     */
+    clear() {
+        super.clear();
+        this._setCount(0);
+    }
+    /**
+     * The function swaps the values of two nodes in a binary tree.
+     * @param {N} srcNode - The source node that needs to be swapped with the destination node.
+     * @param {N} destNode - The `destNode` parameter represents the destination node where the values
+     * from `srcNode` will be swapped into.
+     * @returns The method is returning the `destNode` after swapping its properties with the `srcNode`.
+     */
+    _swap(srcNode, destNode) {
+        const { key, value, count, height } = destNode;
+        const tempNode = this.createNode(key, value, count);
+        if (tempNode) {
+            tempNode.height = height;
+            destNode.key = srcNode.key;
+            destNode.value = srcNode.value;
+            destNode.count = srcNode.count;
+            destNode.height = srcNode.height;
+            srcNode.key = tempNode.key;
+            srcNode.value = tempNode.value;
+            srcNode.count = tempNode.count;
+            srcNode.height = tempNode.height;
+        }
+        return destNode;
+    }
+    /**
+     * The function sets the value of the "_count" property.
+     * @param {number} v - number
+     */
+    _setCount(v) {
+        this._count = v;
+    }
+}
+exports.TreeMultiset = TreeMultiset;