merging-ravenna 0.1.0 → 0.3.0

package/README.md

@@ -63,15 +63,56 @@ eng.on('catalog', (cat) => {
 `confidence` is `confirmed` (set-frame verified on a real device), `inferred`
 (derived from the state shape; very likely correct), or `unknown`.
 
+Enum parameters (e.g. `roll_off_filter`, `out_max_level`) accept **either a label
+string or the raw integer** — `setParam(60, 'out_max_level', '+24 dBu')` and
+`setParam(60, 'out_max_level', 1)` are equivalent (label match is case-insensitive).
+
+## System domain (clock, PTP, sync, health)
+
+Beyond the per-module audio controls, the engine also models the device-wide
+**system** domain — sample rate, frame size, clock source, PTP, temperature,
+uptime, and assorted device flags — read from the parts of the state tree the
+audio catalog doesn't cover:
+
+```js
+eng.on('system', (snap) => {
+  // [{ key, label, group, unit, value, raw, enum, settable, readonly, note }, ...]
+  // e.g. { key:'sample_rate', value:'44.1 kHz', raw:44100, enum:{'48 kHz':48000,...}, settable:true }
+});
+
+eng.getSystem();                       // current snapshot (groups: Clock/Sync/PTP/Device/Health/Advanced)
+eng.getSystemValue('sample_rate');     // one entry by key
+
+// Set a system param by label or raw value. Clock/rate changes RE-CLOCK the device,
+// so do these with audio off:
+eng.setSystem('sample_rate', '48 kHz');    // or 48000
+eng.setSystem('sync_source', 'Internal');  // or the raw input id
+eng.setSystem('frame_size', 32);
+
+// Generic raw access to any part of the tree:
+eng.getTree();                         // last full settings tree
+eng.getSubtree('network.PTP.Status');  // any subtree by dotted / $ path
+```
+
+Settable system params are **hardware-confirmed** by `scripts/probe-system.js`
+(set → re-read → restore, behind a meter-silence gate). Pure telemetry (PTP lock,
+temperature, uptime) is marked `readonly` and never settable. Some params carry a
+`note` describing a dependency (e.g. PTP priorities apply only in manual-grandmaster
+mode). Use `scripts/discover-system.js` (read-only) to dump the system tree on
+unfamiliar firmware.
+
 ## API (summary)
 
 - `new RavennaEngine({ host, path?, livenessMs?, backoff? })`
 - `.connect()`, `.close()`
-- `.setParam(moduleId, key, value, { channelIndex? })` — high-level, unit-aware, clamped
+- `.setParam(moduleId, key, value, { channelIndex? })` — high-level, unit-aware, clamped; enums accept a label or int
 - `.setModuleOuts(moduleId, valueObj)` — mid-level
 - `.publishSettings(path, value)` — raw escape hatch
+- `.setSystem(key, value)` — set a system-domain param (clock/PTP/sync/flags) by label or raw value
+- `.getSystem()`, `.getSystemValue(key)` — modeled system snapshot
+- `.getTree()`, `.getSubtree(path)` — raw last tree / any subtree by dotted-or-`$` path
 - `.catalog`, `.tree`, `.capabilities`, `.online`
-- events: `online, offline, status, settings, statusmsg, errors, tree, catalog, param, error`
+- events: `online, offline, status, settings, statusmsg, errors, tree, catalog, param, system, error`
 
 ## Testing
 
@@ -91,9 +132,12 @@ share. A meter pre-flight gate aborts if any output is passing audio.
 
 ## Extending to new parameters / devices
 
-Confirmed and inferred set-frame shapes live in `src/paths.js`. To add a parameter
-(or support an Anubis monitor control), capture one set frame from the device web UI
-and add a descriptor there — no engine changes needed.
+Confirmed and inferred set-frame shapes for the **audio** params live in `src/paths.js`.
+To add one (or support an Anubis monitor control), capture a set frame from the device
+web UI and add a descriptor there — no engine changes needed. **System**-domain
+descriptors (their read path, unit, enum source, and confirmed write shape) live in
+`src/system.js`; use `scripts/discover-system.js` to dump an unfamiliar device's tree
+and `scripts/probe-system.js` to confirm new write shapes.
 
 ## License
 

package/index.js

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 const { RavennaEngine } = require('./src/engine');
 const { buildCatalog, groupByModule } = require('./src/catalog');
 const { KNOWN, checkCompat, describeCompat } = require('./src/compat');
+const { SYSTEM, readSystem, groupSystem, systemWriteFrame } = require('./src/system');
 const paths = require('./src/paths');
 
 module.exports = {
@@ -10,5 +11,6 @@ module.exports = {
   buildCatalog,
   groupByModule,
   paths,
+  system: { SYSTEM, readSystem, groupSystem, systemWriteFrame },
   compat: { KNOWN, checkCompat, describeCompat }
 };

package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "merging-ravenna",
-  "version": "0.1.0",
+  "version": "0.3.0",
   "description": "Standalone client for Merging Technologies RAVENNA devices (Hapi / Horus / Anubis) over their CometD/WebSocket control protocol. Unofficial; not affiliated with Merging Technologies.",
   "keywords": [
     "merging",

package/src/catalog.js

@@ -91,11 +91,11 @@ function buildCatalog(tree) {
         }));
       }
 
-      // out max level
+      // out max level (model-supplied enum: device gives only the int)
       if (typeof sec.out_max_level === 'number' && caps.out_max_level) {
         out.push(Object.assign({}, base, {
           key: 'out_max_level', raw: sec.out_max_level, value: sec.out_max_level,
-          unit: 'int', min: null, max: null, step: null, enum: null,
+          unit: 'enum', min: null, max: null, step: null, enum: PARAMS.out_max_level.enum || null,
           settable: true, confidence: PARAMS.out_max_level.confidence
         }));
       }

package/src/engine.js

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ const EventEmitter = require('events');
 const WebSocket = require('ws');
 const { buildCatalog } = require('./catalog');
 const { checkCompat } = require('./compat');
+const { readSystem, systemWriteFrame } = require('./system');
 const { moduleOutsPath, PARAMS, dbToTenths } = require('./paths');
 
 /**
@@ -70,6 +71,7 @@ class RavennaEngine extends EventEmitter {
     this.catalog = [];
     this.capabilities = {};
     this.compat = null;
+    this.system = [];
   }
 
   // ---- lifecycle ----------------------------------------------------------
@@ -266,6 +268,15 @@ class RavennaEngine extends EventEmitter {
     if (!desc) throw new Error(`Unknown parameter '${key}'`);
 
     let v = value;
+    if (desc.unit === 'enum') {
+      // Accept either the integer or a label string (e.g. 'Brickwall', '+24 dBu').
+      if (typeof v === 'string') {
+        const map = this._enumMapFor(moduleId, key);
+        const hit = map && Object.keys(map).find((k) => k.toLowerCase() === v.toLowerCase());
+        if (hit != null) v = map[hit];
+        if (typeof v === 'string') v = parseInt(v, 10); // numeric-string fallback ("3")
+      }
+    }
     if (desc.unit === 'tenths-db') {
       v = dbToTenths(value);
       const cap = this._capFor(moduleId, key);
@@ -287,6 +298,15 @@ class RavennaEngine extends EventEmitter {
     return null;
   }
 
+  /** Label->int map for an enum param: static (PARAMS) or device-provided (capabilities). */
+  _enumMapFor(moduleId, key) {
+    const desc = PARAMS[key];
+    if (desc && desc.enum) return desc.enum;                 // model-supplied (e.g. out_max_level)
+    const c = this.capabilities[moduleId];
+    if (key === 'roll_off_filter' && c && c.rollOff) return c.rollOff; // device-supplied
+    return null;
+  }
+
   _channelCountFor(moduleId, section) {
     if (!this.tree || !Array.isArray(this.tree._modules)) return 1;
     const m = this.tree._modules.find((x) => x.id === moduleId);
@@ -318,9 +338,47 @@ class RavennaEngine extends EventEmitter {
     }
     this.catalog = buildCatalog(tree);
     this.compat = checkCompat(tree);
+    this.system = readSystem(tree);
     this.emit('tree', tree);
     this.emit('catalog', this.catalog);
     this.emit('compat', this.compat);
+    this.emit('system', this.system);
+  }
+
+  /** The last full settings tree received (raw), or null. */
+  getTree() { return this.tree; }
+
+  /** The modeled system-domain snapshot (clock/PTP/sync/health/…), or []. */
+  getSystem() { return this.system || []; }
+
+  /** One system snapshot entry by key, or null. */
+  getSystemValue(key) { return (this.system || []).find((e) => e.key === key) || null; }
+
+  /**
+   * Set a SYSTEM-domain parameter (clock / PTP / sync / device flags) by its key.
+   * Accepts an enum label string (e.g. 'Internal', '48 kHz') or the raw value;
+   * resolves it against the live tree's capabilities and publishes the probe-
+   * confirmed { path, value } shape. Throws for unknown or non-settable keys.
+   */
+  setSystem(key, value) {
+    const frame = systemWriteFrame(key, value, this.tree || {});
+    return this.publishSettings(frame.path, frame.value);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Read an arbitrary subtree of the last settings tree by a small dotted path,
+   * e.g. 'network.PTP.Status' or 'identity.serial'. Returns the whole tree for ''
+   * or '$'. Null if absent. Convenience for emitting raw subtrees (Node-RED).
+   */
+  getSubtree(path) {
+    let node = this.tree;
+    if (path == null || path === '' || path === '$') return node || null;
+    const parts = String(path).replace(/^\$\.?/, '').split('.').filter(Boolean);
+    for (const p of parts) {
+      if (node == null || typeof node !== 'object') return null;
+      node = node[p];
+    }
+    return node === undefined ? null : node;
   }
 
   _handleMessage(m) {
@@ -416,7 +474,7 @@ class RavennaEngine extends EventEmitter {
     }
     if (typeof outs.out_max_level === 'number' && outs.out_max_level !== prev.out_max_level) {
       prev.out_max_level = outs.out_max_level;
-      this.emit('param', { moduleId, key: 'out_max_level', raw: outs.out_max_level, value: outs.out_max_level, unit: 'int' });
+      this.emit('param', { moduleId, key: 'out_max_level', raw: outs.out_max_level, value: outs.out_max_level, unit: 'enum' });
     }
     if (Array.isArray(outs.channels)) {
       if (!Array.isArray(prev.trims)) prev.trims = [];

package/src/paths.js

@@ -60,11 +60,14 @@ const PARAMS = {
     capEnum: 'roll_off_filters',
     build: (v) => ({ roll_off_filter: v | 0 })
   },
-  // out_max_level is a 0/1 toggle between the card's two output reference levels.
+  // out_max_level selects the card's output reference level. The device exposes only
+  // the raw int (0/1) with NO label map, so the meanings are MODEL knowledge encoded
+  // here (Hapi MkII D/A, sub_type 218; may differ on other cards). Confirmed mapping.
   out_max_level: {
-    section: 'outs', unit: 'int', confidence: 'confirmed',
+    section: 'outs', unit: 'enum', confidence: 'confirmed',
     capFlag: 'out_max_level',
-    build: (v) => ({ out_max_level: v ? 1 : 0 })
+    enum: { '+18 dBu': 0, '+24 dBu': 1 },
+    build: (v) => ({ out_max_level: v | 0 })
   },
   // Per-channel trim is an array within custom.outs; the partial-array shape (target
   // channel carries {trim}, others {}) is confirmed to apply on the device.

package/src/system.js

@@ -0,0 +1,353 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * system.js
+ * ---------
+ * Knowledge about the device's SYSTEM domain — everything outside the per-module
+ * audio controls in `custom.outs`. These values live at varied JSONPaths across the
+ * settings tree (top-level scalars, `network.PTP`, the Sync module, `ios[].configuration`),
+ * so each descriptor carries its own reader rather than assuming the outs path.
+ *
+ * Every descriptor is DESCRIPTIVE and DEFENSIVE: `read(tree)` returns `undefined`
+ * when the field is absent, so on unfamiliar firmware we simply surface fewer
+ * entries instead of throwing. `readSystem()` skips anything not present.
+ *
+ * `settable` starts FALSE for every entry. The set shape for system params is not
+ * yet confirmed on hardware; scripts/probe-system.js (run audio-off) will verify
+ * each one via set -> re-read and flip the confirmed ones to settable with a write
+ * descriptor. Until then this module is READ-ONLY telemetry + a labeled inventory.
+ *
+ * Snapshot entry shape (from readSystem):
+ * {
+ *   key, label, group,
+ *   unit,            // 'Hz'|'samples'|'bool'|'enum'|'int'|'string'|'celsius'|'percent'|'datetime'|'seconds'
+ *   raw,             // value as stored on the device
+ *   value,           // display-friendly value (e.g. label for an enum, seconds for uptime)
+ *   enum,            // { label: rawValue } for enum params, else null
+ *   settable,        // false until probe-confirmed
+ *   readonly         // true for pure telemetry that can never be set (status/health)
+ * }
+ */
+
+// ---- small tree helpers (all null-safe) -----------------------------------
+function moduleById(tree, id) {
+  const mods = tree && tree._modules;
+  if (!Array.isArray(mods)) return null;
+  return mods.find((m) => m && m.id === id) || null;
+}
+function firstIoConfig(tree) {
+  const ios = tree && tree.ios;
+  if (!Array.isArray(ios)) return null;
+  const io = ios.find((x) => x && x.configuration && x.configuration.sampleRate != null);
+  return io ? io.configuration : null;
+}
+function ioSampleRateCaps(tree) {
+  const ios = tree && tree.ios;
+  if (!Array.isArray(ios)) return null;
+  const io = ios.find((x) => x && x.capabilities && Array.isArray(x.capabilities.sampleRate));
+  return io ? io.capabilities.sampleRate : null;
+}
+
+// ---- label formatters ------------------------------------------------------
+/** 44100 -> "44.1 kHz", 48000 -> "48 kHz". */
+function hzLabel(hz) {
+  const k = hz / 1000;
+  return (Number.isInteger(k) ? String(k) : k.toFixed(1)) + ' kHz';
+}
+/** Build { "44.1 kHz": 44100, ... } from a caps array of rates. */
+function rateEnum(rates) {
+  if (!Array.isArray(rates)) return null;
+  const out = {};
+  for (const r of rates) out[hzLabel(r)] = r;
+  return out;
+}
+/** Build { "6": 6, ... } from a caps array of integer options. */
+function intEnum(opts) {
+  if (!Array.isArray(opts)) return null;
+  const out = {};
+  for (const n of opts) out[String(n)] = n;
+  return out;
+}
+/** Build { signal_name: input_id } from a Sync module's advertised sync_sources. */
+function syncSourceEnum(tree) {
+  const m = moduleById(tree, 2);
+  const list = m && m.state && m.state.sync_sources;
+  if (!Array.isArray(list)) return null;
+  const out = {};
+  for (const s of list) if (s && s.signal_name != null) out[s.signal_name] = s.input_id;
+  return out;
+}
+
+// ---- write-frame builders --------------------------------------------------
+// Every shape below was CONFIRMED on hardware (Hapi MkII, fw 1.9.0b62872) by
+// scripts/probe-system.js: set -> re-read -> restore. The device merges `value`
+// (a partial object) into the node at `path`.
+const moduleRootPath = (id) => `$._modules[?(@.id==${id})][0]`;
+const topWrite = (field) => (v) => ({ path: '$', value: { [field]: v } });
+const moduleWrite = (id, field) => (v) => ({ path: moduleRootPath(id), value: { [field]: v } });
+const ptpWrite = (field) => (v) => ({ path: '$.network.PTP', value: { [field]: v } });
+const ptpMasterWrite = (field) => (v) => ({ path: '$.network.PTP.Master', value: { [field]: v } });
+
+// ---- descriptor table ------------------------------------------------------
+// NOTE on enums: `enum(tree)` returns a { label: rawValue } map. For read-only status
+// fields whose integer meanings we have NOT confirmed (e.g. PTP LockStatus), we expose
+// the raw int with no guessed labels rather than inventing a mapping.
+const SYSTEM = [
+  // ----- Clock -----
+  {
+    key: 'sample_rate', label: 'Sample rate', group: 'Clock', unit: 'Hz',
+    read: (t) => { const c = firstIoConfig(t); return c ? c.sampleRate : undefined; },
+    enum: (t) => rateEnum(ioSampleRateCaps(t)),
+    settable: true,
+    write: (v) => ({ path: '$.ios[?(@.id=="1")][0].configuration', value: { sampleRate: v } })
+  },
+  {
+    key: 'auto_sample_rate', label: 'Auto sample rate', group: 'Clock', unit: 'bool',
+    read: (t) => t._auto_sample_rate,
+    settable: true, write: topWrite('_auto_sample_rate')
+  },
+  {
+    key: 'frame_size', label: 'Frame size (latency)', group: 'Clock', unit: 'samples',
+    read: (t) => t._frame_size_at_1FS,
+    enum: (t) => intEnum(t && t.capabilities && t.capabilities._frame_size_at_1FS),
+    settable: true, write: topWrite('_frame_size_at_1FS')
+  },
+  {
+    key: 'asio_clock', label: 'ASIO clock', group: 'Clock', unit: 'int',
+    read: (t) => t._ASIO_clock,
+    settable: true, write: topWrite('_ASIO_clock')
+  },
+
+  // ----- Sync / clock source (Sync module, id 2) -----
+  {
+    key: 'sync_source', label: 'Clock source', group: 'Sync', unit: 'enum',
+    read: (t) => { const m = moduleById(t, 2); return m && m.sync_source ? m.sync_source.input_id : undefined; },
+    enum: (t) => syncSourceEnum(t),
+    settable: true,
+    write: (v) => ({ path: moduleRootPath(2), value: { sync_source: { module_id: 2, input_id: v } } })
+  },
+  {
+    key: 'wordclock_termination', label: 'Word clock termination (75Ω)', group: 'Sync', unit: 'bool',
+    read: (t) => { const m = moduleById(t, 2); return m ? m.wordclock_termination : undefined; },
+    settable: true, write: moduleWrite(2, 'wordclock_termination')
+  },
+  {
+    key: 'wordclock_out_follow_samplingrate', label: 'Word clock out follows sample rate', group: 'Sync', unit: 'bool',
+    read: (t) => { const m = moduleById(t, 2); return m ? m.wordclock_out_follow_samplingrate : undefined; },
+    settable: true, write: moduleWrite(2, 'wordclock_out_follow_samplingrate')
+  },
+  {
+    key: 'video_termination', label: 'Video ref termination (75Ω)', group: 'Sync', unit: 'bool',
+    read: (t) => { const m = moduleById(t, 2); return m ? m.video_termination : undefined; },
+    settable: true, write: moduleWrite(2, 'video_termination')
+  },
+
+  // ----- PTP policy (network.PTP.Master) -----
+  {
+    key: 'ptp_domain', label: 'PTP domain', group: 'PTP', unit: 'int',
+    read: (t) => t.network && t.network.PTP ? t.network.PTP.Domain : undefined,
+    settable: true, write: ptpWrite('Domain')
+  },
+  {
+    key: 'ptp_manual_master', label: 'PTP manual grandmaster', group: 'PTP', unit: 'bool',
+    read: (t) => t.network && t.network.PTP && t.network.PTP.Master ? t.network.PTP.Master.Manual : undefined,
+    settable: true, write: ptpMasterWrite('Manual')
+  },
+  // Priorities are settable ONLY while ptp_manual_master is true (confirmed by
+  // scripts/probe-ptp-priority.js: they no-op under auto-GM, apply under manual).
+  // Marked settable with the confirmed shape; the note flags the dependency so a
+  // write while Manual=false is understood to be ignored by the device.
+  {
+    key: 'ptp_priority1', label: 'PTP priority 1', group: 'PTP', unit: 'int',
+    read: (t) => t.network && t.network.PTP && t.network.PTP.Master ? t.network.PTP.Master.Prio1 : undefined,
+    settable: true, write: ptpMasterWrite('Prio1'),
+    note: 'only applied when ptp_manual_master is true (auto-GM ignores it)'
+  },
+  {
+    key: 'ptp_priority2', label: 'PTP priority 2', group: 'PTP', unit: 'int',
+    read: (t) => t.network && t.network.PTP && t.network.PTP.Master ? t.network.PTP.Master.Prio2 : undefined,
+    settable: true, write: ptpMasterWrite('Prio2'),
+    note: 'only applied when ptp_manual_master is true (auto-GM ignores it)'
+  },
+
+  // ----- PTP status (read-only telemetry) -----
+  {
+    key: 'ptp_lock_status', label: 'PTP lock status', group: 'PTP', unit: 'int', readonly: true,
+    read: (t) => t.network && t.network.PTP && t.network.PTP.Status ? t.network.PTP.Status.LockStatus : undefined
+  },
+  {
+    key: 'ptp_grandmaster_id', label: 'PTP grandmaster (GMID)', group: 'PTP', unit: 'string', readonly: true,
+    read: (t) => t.network && t.network.PTP && t.network.PTP.Status ? t.network.PTP.Status.GMID : undefined
+  },
+  {
+    key: 'ptp_is_master', label: 'PTP is grandmaster', group: 'PTP', unit: 'bool', readonly: true,
+    read: (t) => t.network && t.network.PTP && t.network.PTP.Status ? t.network.PTP.Status.Master : undefined
+  },
+  {
+    key: 'ptp_clock_jitter', label: 'PTP clock jitter', group: 'PTP', unit: 'int', readonly: true,
+    read: (t) => t.network && t.network.PTP && t.network.PTP.Status ? t.network.PTP.Status.ClockJitter : undefined
+  },
+  {
+    key: 'ptp_network_jitter', label: 'PTP network jitter', group: 'PTP', unit: 'int', readonly: true,
+    read: (t) => t.network && t.network.PTP && t.network.PTP.Status ? t.network.PTP.Status.NetworkJitter : undefined
+  },
+
+  // ----- Device identity / firmware (read-only) -----
+  {
+    key: 'product', label: 'Product', group: 'Device', unit: 'string', readonly: true,
+    read: (t) => t.identity ? t.identity.product : undefined
+  },
+  {
+    key: 'serial', label: 'Serial', group: 'Device', unit: 'string', readonly: true,
+    read: (t) => t.identity ? t.identity.serial : undefined
+  },
+  {
+    key: 'device_name', label: 'Device name', group: 'Device', unit: 'string', readonly: true,
+    read: (t) => t.identity ? t.identity.name : undefined
+  },
+  {
+    key: 'firmware_version', label: 'Firmware version', group: 'Device', unit: 'string', readonly: true,
+    read: (t) => t._firmware_version
+  },
+  {
+    key: 'firmware_generation', label: 'Firmware generation', group: 'Device', unit: 'int', readonly: true,
+    read: (t) => t._firmware_generation
+  },
+  {
+    key: 'boot_time', label: 'Boot time', group: 'Device', unit: 'datetime', readonly: true,
+    read: (t) => t._boot_time
+  },
+  {
+    key: 'uptime', label: 'Uptime', group: 'Device', unit: 'seconds', readonly: true, derived: true,
+    // derived from boot_time at read time; `now` injectable for deterministic tests
+    read: (t) => t._boot_time // raw is the boot timestamp; value (seconds) computed in readSystem
+  },
+
+  // ----- Health (ZMAN module, id 0; read-only) -----
+  {
+    key: 'temperature', label: 'Temperature', group: 'Health', unit: 'celsius', readonly: true,
+    read: (t) => { const m = moduleById(t, 0); return m && m.state ? m.state.temperature : undefined; }
+  },
+  {
+    key: 'cpu_load', label: 'CPU load', group: 'Health', unit: 'percent', readonly: true,
+    read: (t) => { const m = moduleById(t, 0); return m && m.state ? m.state.cpu_load : undefined; }
+  },
+  {
+    key: 'memory_load', label: 'Memory load', group: 'Health', unit: 'percent', readonly: true,
+    read: (t) => { const m = moduleById(t, 0); return m && m.state ? m.state.memory_load : undefined; }
+  },
+  {
+    key: 'panic', label: 'Panic', group: 'Health', unit: 'bool', readonly: true,
+    read: (t) => { const m = moduleById(t, 0); return m && m.state ? m.state.panic : undefined; }
+  },
+
+  // ----- Advanced device flags (top-level) -----
+  // consumer_mode did NOT apply via the standard set in the probe (may require a
+  // reboot or a dedicated command); left non-settable until confirmed.
+  { key: 'consumer_mode', label: 'Consumer mode', group: 'Advanced', unit: 'bool', read: (t) => t._consumer_mode, note: 'did not apply via standard set (probe); may need reboot/dedicated command' },
+  { key: 'big_jitter_buffer', label: 'Big jitter buffer', group: 'Advanced', unit: 'bool', read: (t) => t._big_jitter_buffer, settable: true, write: topWrite('_big_jitter_buffer') },
+  { key: 'fixed_playout_delay', label: 'Fixed playout delay', group: 'Advanced', unit: 'bool', read: (t) => t._fixed_playout_delay, settable: true, write: topWrite('_fixed_playout_delay') },
+  { key: 'auto_connect_from_source', label: 'Auto-connect from source', group: 'Advanced', unit: 'bool', read: (t) => t._auto_connect_from_source, settable: true, write: topWrite('_auto_connect_from_source') },
+  { key: 'auto_save', label: 'Auto-save', group: 'Advanced', unit: 'bool', read: (t) => t._auto_save, settable: true, write: topWrite('_auto_save') },
+  { key: 'peer_filtering', label: 'Peer filtering', group: 'Advanced', unit: 'bool', read: (t) => t._peer_filtering, settable: true, write: topWrite('_peer_filtering') },
+  {
+    key: 'spdif_physical_mode', label: 'S/PDIF physical mode', group: 'Advanced', unit: 'int',
+    read: (t) => { const m = moduleById(t, 100); return m ? m.physical_mode : undefined; },
+    settable: true, write: moduleWrite(100, 'physical_mode')
+  }
+];
+
+/**
+ * Parse the device's "YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS" boot time to epoch ms, or null.
+ * The device reports this in UTC (confirmed on hardware: interpreting it as local
+ * placed boot in the future relative to wall-clock now). Parsed as UTC accordingly.
+ */
+function bootTimeMs(s) {
+  if (typeof s !== 'string') return null;
+  const m = s.match(/^(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})[ T](\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2})$/);
+  if (!m) return null;
+  const [, Y, Mo, D, H, Mi, S] = m.map(Number);
+  const t = Date.UTC(Y, Mo - 1, D, H, Mi, S);
+  return Number.isFinite(t) ? t : null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Read every present system descriptor out of a full settings tree.
+ * @param tree the value of a path:"$" settings update
+ * @param opts.now epoch ms used to derive uptime (defaults to Date.now())
+ * @returns array of snapshot entries (only for fields actually present)
+ */
+function readSystem(tree, opts = {}) {
+  if (!tree || typeof tree !== 'object') return [];
+  const now = opts.now != null ? opts.now : Date.now();
+  const out = [];
+  for (const d of SYSTEM) {
+    let raw;
+    try { raw = d.read(tree); } catch (e) { raw = undefined; }
+    if (raw === undefined) continue; // not present on this firmware
+
+    const enumMap = d.enum ? d.enum(tree) : null;
+    let value = raw;
+    if (d.key === 'uptime') {
+      const ms = bootTimeMs(raw);
+      value = ms != null ? Math.max(0, Math.round((now - ms) / 1000)) : null;
+    } else if (enumMap) {
+      // value = the label whose rawValue matches (fall back to raw if unmatched)
+      const hit = Object.keys(enumMap).find((k) => enumMap[k] === raw);
+      value = hit != null ? hit : raw;
+    }
+
+    out.push({
+      key: d.key, label: d.label, group: d.group, unit: d.unit,
+      raw, value, enum: enumMap || null,
+      settable: !!d.settable && typeof d.write === 'function', // probe-confirmed write shapes only
+      readonly: !!d.readonly,
+      note: d.note || null
+    });
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+/** Find a system descriptor by key, or null. */
+function descFor(key) { return SYSTEM.find((d) => d.key === key) || null; }
+
+/**
+ * Build the device { path, value } write frame for a SETTABLE system param.
+ * Resolves an enum LABEL string to its raw value (case-insensitive, using the live
+ * tree's enum maps for sample rate / clock source) and coerces by unit. Throws for
+ * unknown or not-(probe-)confirmed-settable keys, or a non-numeric numeric value.
+ */
+function systemWriteFrame(key, value, tree) {
+  const d = descFor(key);
+  if (!d) throw new Error(`Unknown system parameter '${key}'`);
+  if (!d.settable || typeof d.write !== 'function') throw new Error(`System parameter '${key}' is not settable`);
+
+  let v = value;
+  if (d.enum) {                              // accept a label string OR the raw value
+    const map = d.enum(tree || {});
+    if (typeof v === 'string' && map) {
+      const hit = Object.keys(map).find((k) => k.toLowerCase() === v.toLowerCase());
+      if (hit != null) v = map[hit];
+    }
+  }
+  if (d.unit === 'bool') {
+    v = (v === true || v === 1 || v === 'true' || v === '1');
+  } else if (d.unit === 'Hz' || d.unit === 'samples' || d.unit === 'int') {
+    if (typeof v === 'string') v = parseInt(v, 10);
+    if (!Number.isFinite(v)) throw new Error(`Invalid numeric value for system parameter '${key}': ${JSON.stringify(value)}`);
+  }
+  return d.write(v);
+}
+
+/** Group a system snapshot by its `group` field, preserving descriptor order. */
+function groupSystem(snapshot) {
+  const order = [];
+  const map = new Map();
+  for (const e of snapshot) {
+    if (!map.has(e.group)) { map.set(e.group, { group: e.group, params: [] }); order.push(e.group); }
+    map.get(e.group).params.push(e);
+  }
+  return order.map((g) => map.get(g));
+}
+
+module.exports = { SYSTEM, readSystem, groupSystem, bootTimeMs, systemWriteFrame, descFor };