mcard-js 2.1.1 → 2.1.3

package/README.md

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Full-featured TypeScript implementation of MCard content-addressable storage, su
 - **UTF-8 Handles**: International support (文檔, مستند, ドキュメント, документ)
 - **Monadic API**: Maybe, Either, IO monads for functional composition
 - **PTR Runtime**: Polynomial Type Runtime with polyglot execution (JS, Python, Rust, C, WASM, Lean)
-- **LLM Integration**: Ollama provider for local LLM execution
+- **LLM Integration**: Ollama, WebLLM (browser), and MLC-LLM providers
 - **Vector Search**: sqlite-vec extension for semantic similarity search
 
 ## Quick Start
@@ -303,6 +303,82 @@ npx tsx src/ptr/node/cli.ts status
 npx tsx src/ptr/node/cli.ts list
 ```
 
+### Lambda Calculus Runtime
+
+The `LambdaRuntime` implements α-β-η conversions on MCard-stored Lambda terms:
+
+```typescript
+import { Lambda, LambdaRuntime, CardCollection, SqliteNodeEngine } from 'mcard-js';
+
+// Initialize
+const engine = new SqliteNodeEngine(':memory:');
+const collection = new CardCollection(engine);
+const runtime = new LambdaRuntime(collection);
+
+// Parse a Lambda expression - terms are stored as MCards!
+const { termHash } = await runtime.execute('', { expression: '(\\x.x) y' }, { operation: 'parse' }, '');
+
+// Normalize (apply β-reductions until normal form)
+const result = await runtime.execute(termHash, {}, { operation: 'normalize' }, '');
+console.log(result.prettyPrint);  // "y"
+
+// Or use the API directly:
+const { parseLambdaExpression, normalize, alphaRename, betaReduce, etaReduce } = Lambda;
+
+// Parse: (λx.λy.x) a b
+const termHash2 = await parseLambdaExpression(collection, '(\\x.\\y.x) a b');
+
+// Normalize to "a"
+const normResult = await normalize(collection, termHash2, 'normal', 100).run();
+console.log(normResult.right.normalForm);  // Hash of normalized term
+```
+
+**Key Features:**
+- **α-conversion**: Rename bound variables (`alphaRename`, `alphaEquivalent`)
+- **β-reduction**: Function application (`betaReduce`, `normalize`)
+- **η-conversion**: Extensional equivalence (`etaReduce`, `etaExpand`)
+- **Parser**: Simple Lambda syntax with `\x.M` or `λx.M`
+- **MCard Storage**: Terms are hashes, enabling structural sharing and memoization
+
+### Multi-Runtime CLM Execution
+
+The PTR supports executing CLMs across multiple runtimes with **consensus verification**:
+
+```typescript
+import { CLMRunner, CLMLoader } from 'mcard-js/ptr/node';
+
+const loader = new CLMLoader('.');
+const runner = new CLMRunner('.');
+
+// Load a multi-runtime CLM
+const clm = loader.load('polyglot_comparison.yaml');
+
+// Execute across all configured runtimes (Python, JS, Rust, C, WASM, Lean)
+const result = await runner.executeMultiRuntime(clm, './chapters', { a: 5, b: 3 });
+
+console.log(result.consensus);       // true - all runtimes agree
+console.log(result.consensusValue);  // 8 - the agreed result
+console.log(result.results);         // Per-runtime results
+```
+
+**CLI Usage:**
+```bash
+# Run all CLMs across all chapters
+npm run clm:all
+
+# Run specific chapter
+npm run clm:chapter chapter_01_arithmetic
+
+# Run Lambda CLMs (specialized runner)
+npm run clm:lambda
+```
+
+**Features:**
+- **Polyglot Consensus**: Verifies all runtimes produce identical results
+- **Floating-Point Tolerance**: Handles precision differences with configurable tolerance (1e-9)
+- **Graceful Fallback**: Unknown runtimes (R, Julia) are skipped, consensus among available runtimes
+- **Legacy Format Support**: Handles both top-level `examples` and `balanced.examples`
+
 ## Content Detection
 
 The `ContentTypeInterpreter` module provides intelligent content type detection with parity to the Python implementation.
@@ -454,20 +530,59 @@ To run integration tests against a live Ollama instance:
     npx vitest tests/rag/Integration.test.ts
     ```
 
-## Version 2.1.0 Release Notes (December 2025)
+## Version 2.1.2 Release Notes (December 2025)
 > Python Parity Update
 
 ### 🚀 New Features
+*   **Multi-Runtime Consensus**: Execute CLMs across Python, JS, Rust, C, WASM, Lean with automatic consensus verification.
+*   **Lambda Calculus Runtime**: Full α-β-η conversion engine in `src/ptr/lambda/` with parser and MCard-based term storage.
 *   **GraphRAGEngine**: Full RAG orchestration in `src/rag/GraphRAGEngine.ts` matching Python's capabilities.
 *   **Bulk Loader**: New `Loader` module for robust file ingestion with safety checks.
 *   **LLM Monads**: `promptMonad` and `chatMonad` added to `LLMRuntime` for functional composition.
 *   **Collection Search**: Enhanced `CardCollection` with search capabilities (content, hash, string).
+*   **CLM Test Runner**: New CLI (`npm run clm:all`) for running all CLMs with summary reporting.
+
+### 🌐 Network IO Enhancements
+*   **Retry with Backoff**: Configurable retry logic with `exponential`, `linear`, or `constant` backoff strategies.
+    ```typescript
+    config: {
+        url: 'https://api.example.com/data',
+        retry: {
+            max_attempts: 3,
+            backoff: 'exponential',
+            base_delay: 1000,
+            max_delay: 30000,
+            retry_on: [503, 429, 500]  // Optional: custom status codes
+        }
+    }
+    ```
+*   **Response Caching**: Memory or MCard-persistent caching with TTL support.
+    ```typescript
+    config: {
+        url: 'https://api.example.com/cacheable',
+        cache: {
+            enabled: true,
+            ttl: 300,  // seconds
+            storage: 'memory'  // or 'mcard' for persistent
+        }
+    }
+    ```
+*   **Rate Limiting**: Token-bucket rate limiting per domain (10 req/sec default with burst of 20).
+*   **Bidirectional Sync**: New `both` and `bidirectional` modes for `mcard_sync` to push and pull in one operation.
+    ```typescript
+    config: {
+        url: 'http://remote:3000/sync',
+        mode: 'both'  // pushes local cards, then pulls remote cards
+    }
+    ```
+
 
 ### 🛠️ Polyglot Runtime Fixes
-*   **ESM Compatibility**: Fixed `ReferenceError: require is not defined` in `SqliteNodeEngine`.
+*   **ESM Compatibility**: Fixed `ReferenceError: require is not defined` in `SqliteNodeEngine` and `schema.ts`.
 *   **Double-Encoding Fix**: Resolved input context double-JSON-encoding.
 *   **Loader Context Injection**: Fixed `CLMRunner` context passing.
 *   **CLM Example Iteration**: Updated `CLMLoader` for better example handling.
+*   **Floating-Point Tolerance**: Added configurable tolerance for numeric consensus (1e-9).
 
 ### Previous Fixes (2.0.0)
 ### SQLite Foreign Key Constraint Fix

package/dist/index.d.ts

@@ -23,4 +23,6 @@ import * as Loader from './util/Loader';
 export { FileIO, Loader };
 export { LLMRuntime, promptMonad, chatMonad } from './ptr/llm/LLMRuntime';
 export { LLMConfig } from './ptr/llm/Config';
+export * as Lambda from './ptr/lambda';
+export { LambdaRuntime } from './ptr/lambda/LambdaRuntime';
 //# sourceMappingURL=index.d.ts.map

package/dist/index.d.ts.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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package/dist/index.js

@@ -31,4 +31,7 @@ export { FileIO, Loader };
 // LLM
 export { LLMRuntime, promptMonad, chatMonad } from './ptr/llm/LLMRuntime';
 export { LLMConfig } from './ptr/llm/Config';
+// Lambda Calculus Runtime (α-β-η conversions)
+export * as Lambda from './ptr/lambda';
+export { LambdaRuntime } from './ptr/lambda/LambdaRuntime';
 //# sourceMappingURL=index.js.map

package/dist/index.js.map

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package/dist/ptr/lambda/AlphaConversion.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/**
+ * Alpha Conversion (α-conversion)
+ *
+ * Renames bound variables in Lambda terms while preserving meaning.
+ *
+ * Rule: λx.M ≡α λy.M[x:=y]  (where y is fresh)
+ *
+ * Alpha conversion is the basis of variable renaming and is essential
+ * for avoiding variable capture during beta reduction.
+ *
+ * @module mcard-js/ptr/lambda/AlphaConversion
+ */
+import { CardCollection } from '../../model/CardCollection';
+import { IO } from '../../monads/IO';
+import { Either } from '../../monads/Either';
+/**
+ * Alpha-rename: Rename the bound variable of an abstraction
+ *
+ * λx.M → λy.M[x:=y]
+ *
+ * @param collection - Card collection for term storage
+ * @param absHash - Hash of the abstraction term
+ * @param newParam - New name for the bound variable
+ * @returns IO<Either<error, newHash>>
+ */
+export declare function alphaRename(collection: CardCollection, absHash: string, newParam: string): IO<Either<string, string>>;
+/**
+ * Check if two terms are alpha-equivalent
+ *
+ * Two terms are α-equivalent if they differ only in the names of bound variables.
+ *
+ * Note: If hashes are equal, terms are definitionally identical (stronger than α-equiv).
+ */
+export declare function alphaEquivalent(collection: CardCollection, hash1: string, hash2: string): IO<Either<string, boolean>>;
+/**
+ * Alpha-normalize a term using canonical variable names
+ *
+ * All bound variables are renamed to a₀, a₁, a₂... based on binding depth.
+ * This produces a canonical representative of the α-equivalence class.
+ */
+export declare function alphaNormalize(collection: CardCollection, termHash: string): IO<Either<string, string>>;
+//# sourceMappingURL=AlphaConversion.d.ts.map

package/dist/ptr/lambda/AlphaConversion.d.ts.map

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package/dist/ptr/lambda/AlphaConversion.js

@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+/**
+ * Alpha Conversion (α-conversion)
+ *
+ * Renames bound variables in Lambda terms while preserving meaning.
+ *
+ * Rule: λx.M ≡α λy.M[x:=y]  (where y is fresh)
+ *
+ * Alpha conversion is the basis of variable renaming and is essential
+ * for avoiding variable capture during beta reduction.
+ *
+ * @module mcard-js/ptr/lambda/AlphaConversion
+ */
+import { loadTerm, storeTerm, mkVar, mkAbs, mkApp, isAbs } from './LambdaTerm';
+import { freeVariables } from './FreeVariables';
+import { IO } from '../../monads/IO';
+import { Either } from '../../monads/Either';
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Alpha Conversion
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+/**
+ * Alpha-rename: Rename the bound variable of an abstraction
+ *
+ * λx.M → λy.M[x:=y]
+ *
+ * @param collection - Card collection for term storage
+ * @param absHash - Hash of the abstraction term
+ * @param newParam - New name for the bound variable
+ * @returns IO<Either<error, newHash>>
+ */
+export function alphaRename(collection, absHash, newParam) {
+    return IO.of(async () => {
+        const term = await loadTerm(collection, absHash);
+        if (!term) {
+            return Either.left(`Term not found: ${absHash}`);
+        }
+        if (!isAbs(term)) {
+            return Either.left(`Alpha conversion only applies to abstractions, got ${term.tag}`);
+        }
+        // If same name, no change needed
+        if (term.param === newParam) {
+            return Either.right(absHash);
+        }
+        // Check that new name doesn't capture free variables in body
+        const bodyFV = await freeVariables(collection, term.body).run();
+        if (bodyFV.isJust && bodyFV.value.has(newParam)) {
+            return Either.left(`Cannot α-rename to '${newParam}': would capture free variable in body`);
+        }
+        // Substitute old param with new param in body
+        const newBodyHash = await substituteVar(collection, term.body, term.param, newParam);
+        // Create new abstraction
+        const newAbs = mkAbs(newParam, newBodyHash);
+        const resultHash = await storeTerm(collection, newAbs);
+        return Either.right(resultHash);
+    });
+}
+/**
+ * Substitute a variable with another variable name throughout a term
+ *
+ * M[x:=y] - replaces all free occurrences of x with y
+ */
+async function substituteVar(collection, termHash, oldVar, newVar) {
+    const term = await loadTerm(collection, termHash);
+    if (!term) {
+        throw new Error(`Term not found: ${termHash}`);
+    }
+    switch (term.tag) {
+        case 'Var':
+            if (term.name === oldVar) {
+                // Replace with new variable
+                const newTerm = mkVar(newVar);
+                return storeTerm(collection, newTerm);
+            }
+            // Different variable, unchanged
+            return termHash;
+        case 'Abs':
+            if (term.param === oldVar) {
+                // Bound variable shadows, stop substitution
+                return termHash;
+            }
+            // Recurse into body
+            const newBody = await substituteVar(collection, term.body, oldVar, newVar);
+            if (newBody === term.body) {
+                // No change
+                return termHash;
+            }
+            const newAbs = mkAbs(term.param, newBody);
+            return storeTerm(collection, newAbs);
+        case 'App':
+            const newFunc = await substituteVar(collection, term.func, oldVar, newVar);
+            const newArg = await substituteVar(collection, term.arg, oldVar, newVar);
+            if (newFunc === term.func && newArg === term.arg) {
+                // No change
+                return termHash;
+            }
+            const newApp = mkApp(newFunc, newArg);
+            return storeTerm(collection, newApp);
+    }
+}
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Alpha Equivalence
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+/**
+ * Check if two terms are alpha-equivalent
+ *
+ * Two terms are α-equivalent if they differ only in the names of bound variables.
+ *
+ * Note: If hashes are equal, terms are definitionally identical (stronger than α-equiv).
+ */
+export function alphaEquivalent(collection, hash1, hash2) {
+    return IO.of(async () => {
+        // Same hash = identical terms
+        if (hash1 === hash2) {
+            return Either.right(true);
+        }
+        const term1 = await loadTerm(collection, hash1);
+        const term2 = await loadTerm(collection, hash2);
+        if (!term1)
+            return Either.left(`Term not found: ${hash1}`);
+        if (!term2)
+            return Either.left(`Term not found: ${hash2}`);
+        const equiv = await checkAlphaEquiv(collection, term1, term2, new Map(), new Map());
+        return Either.right(equiv);
+    });
+}
+/**
+ * Internal alpha-equivalence check with variable renaming maps
+ */
+async function checkAlphaEquiv(collection, term1, term2, rename1, // Maps var name in term1 to de Bruijn index
+rename2 // Maps var name in term2 to de Bruijn index
+) {
+    if (term1.tag !== term2.tag) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    switch (term1.tag) {
+        case 'Var': {
+            const t2 = term2;
+            const idx1 = rename1.get(term1.name);
+            const idx2 = rename2.get(t2.name);
+            if (idx1 !== undefined && idx2 !== undefined) {
+                // Both are bound variables - compare by binding depth
+                return idx1 === idx2;
+            }
+            if (idx1 === undefined && idx2 === undefined) {
+                // Both are free variables - compare by name
+                return term1.name === t2.name;
+            }
+            // One bound, one free - not equivalent
+            return false;
+        }
+        case 'Abs': {
+            const t2 = term2;
+            // Extend renaming maps with new binding
+            const depth = rename1.size;
+            const newRename1 = new Map(rename1);
+            const newRename2 = new Map(rename2);
+            newRename1.set(term1.param, depth);
+            newRename2.set(t2.param, depth);
+            // Load and compare bodies
+            const body1 = await loadTerm(collection, term1.body);
+            const body2 = await loadTerm(collection, t2.body);
+            if (!body1 || !body2)
+                return false;
+            return checkAlphaEquiv(collection, body1, body2, newRename1, newRename2);
+        }
+        case 'App': {
+            const t2 = term2;
+            const func1 = await loadTerm(collection, term1.func);
+            const func2 = await loadTerm(collection, t2.func);
+            const arg1 = await loadTerm(collection, term1.arg);
+            const arg2 = await loadTerm(collection, t2.arg);
+            if (!func1 || !func2 || !arg1 || !arg2)
+                return false;
+            const funcEquiv = await checkAlphaEquiv(collection, func1, func2, rename1, rename2);
+            if (!funcEquiv)
+                return false;
+            return checkAlphaEquiv(collection, arg1, arg2, rename1, rename2);
+        }
+    }
+}
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Alpha Normalization (De Bruijn-like canonical form)
+// ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+/**
+ * Alpha-normalize a term using canonical variable names
+ *
+ * All bound variables are renamed to a₀, a₁, a₂... based on binding depth.
+ * This produces a canonical representative of the α-equivalence class.
+ */
+export function alphaNormalize(collection, termHash) {
+    return IO.of(async () => {
+        const result = await normalizeWithDepth(collection, termHash, new Map(), 0);
+        if (result === null) {
+            return Either.left(`Term not found: ${termHash}`);
+        }
+        return Either.right(result);
+    });
+}
+/**
+ * Internal normalization with depth tracking
+ */
+async function normalizeWithDepth(collection, termHash, bindings, // original name -> canonical name
+depth) {
+    const term = await loadTerm(collection, termHash);
+    if (!term)
+        return null;
+    switch (term.tag) {
+        case 'Var': {
+            const canonicalName = bindings.get(term.name);
+            if (canonicalName) {
+                // Bound variable - use canonical name
+                const newVar = mkVar(canonicalName);
+                return storeTerm(collection, newVar);
+            }
+            // Free variable - keep original name
+            return termHash;
+        }
+        case 'Abs': {
+            // Generate canonical name for this binding depth
+            const canonicalName = `a${depth}`;
+            // Extend bindings
+            const newBindings = new Map(bindings);
+            newBindings.set(term.param, canonicalName);
+            // Normalize body
+            const newBody = await normalizeWithDepth(collection, term.body, newBindings, depth + 1);
+            if (newBody === null)
+                return null;
+            const newAbs = mkAbs(canonicalName, newBody);
+            return storeTerm(collection, newAbs);
+        }
+        case 'App': {
+            const newFunc = await normalizeWithDepth(collection, term.func, bindings, depth);
+            const newArg = await normalizeWithDepth(collection, term.arg, bindings, depth);
+            if (newFunc === null || newArg === null)
+                return null;
+            // If unchanged, return original
+            if (newFunc === term.func && newArg === term.arg) {
+                return termHash;
+            }
+            const newApp = mkApp(newFunc, newArg);
+            return storeTerm(collection, newApp);
+        }
+    }
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=AlphaConversion.js.map

package/dist/ptr/lambda/AlphaConversion.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/ptr/lambda/BetaReduction.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+/**
+ * Beta Reduction (β-reduction)
+ *
+ * The computational heart of Lambda Calculus - function application.
+ *
+ * Rule: (λx.M) N →β M[x:=N]
+ *
+ * A term of the form (λx.M) N is called a "beta-redex" (reducible expression).
+ * Beta reduction substitutes the argument N for all free occurrences of x in M.
+ *
+ * IMPORTANT: Must handle capture avoidance - if N contains free variables
+ * that would become bound in M, we must α-rename first.
+ *
+ * @module mcard-js/ptr/lambda/BetaReduction
+ */
+import { CardCollection } from '../../model/CardCollection';
+import { IO } from '../../monads/IO';
+import { Either } from '../../monads/Either';
+import { Maybe } from '../../monads/Maybe';
+/**
+ * Check if a term is a beta-redex: (λx.M) N
+ */
+export declare function isRedex(collection: CardCollection, termHash: string): IO<boolean>;
+/**
+ * Find the leftmost-outermost redex (normal order reduction)
+ * Returns Maybe<hash of redex>
+ */
+export declare function findLeftmostRedex(collection: CardCollection, termHash: string): IO<Maybe<string>>;
+/**
+ * Find the leftmost-innermost redex (applicative order reduction)
+ */
+export declare function findInnermostRedex(collection: CardCollection, termHash: string): IO<Maybe<string>>;
+/**
+ * Perform a single beta reduction step on a redex
+ *
+ * (λx.M) N →β M[x:=N]
+ *
+ * @param collection - Card collection
+ * @param redexHash - Hash of the application term (λx.M) N
+ * @returns Either<error, resultHash>
+ */
+export declare function betaReduce(collection: CardCollection, redexHash: string): IO<Either<string, string>>;
+export type ReductionStrategy = 'normal' | 'applicative' | 'lazy';
+/**
+ * Perform one reduction step using the specified strategy
+ */
+export declare function reduceStep(collection: CardCollection, termHash: string, strategy?: ReductionStrategy): IO<Maybe<string>>;
+export interface NormalizationResult {
+    normalForm: string;
+    steps: number;
+    reductionPath: string[];
+}
+/**
+ * Normalize a term to its normal form (no more redexes)
+ *
+ * @param collection - Card collection
+ * @param termHash - Starting term
+ * @param strategy - Reduction strategy
+ * @param maxSteps - Maximum reduction steps (prevent infinite loops)
+ * @returns Either<error, NormalizationResult>
+ */
+export declare function normalize(collection: CardCollection, termHash: string, strategy?: ReductionStrategy, maxSteps?: number): IO<Either<string, NormalizationResult>>;
+/**
+ * Check if a term is in normal form (has no redexes)
+ */
+export declare function isNormalForm(collection: CardCollection, termHash: string): IO<boolean>;
+/**
+ * Check if a term has a normal form (is normalizing)
+ *
+ * Note: This is undecidable in general, so we use a bounded check
+ */
+export declare function hasNormalForm(collection: CardCollection, termHash: string, maxSteps?: number): IO<boolean>;
+//# sourceMappingURL=BetaReduction.d.ts.map

package/dist/ptr/lambda/BetaReduction.d.ts.map

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