matterviz 0.3.6 → 0.3.7

package/dist/src/lib/structure/StructureScene.svelte

@@ -1,2255 +0,0 @@
-<script lang="ts">
-  import type { D3InterpolateName } from '$lib/colors'
-  import { AXIS_COLORS, get_d3_interpolator, NEG_AXIS_COLORS } from '$lib/colors'
-  import type { ElementSymbol } from '$lib/element'
-  import { element_data } from '$lib/element'
-  import Isosurface from '$lib/isosurface/Isosurface.svelte'
-  import type { IsosurfaceSettings, VolumetricData } from '$lib/isosurface/types'
-  import { DEFAULT_ISOSURFACE_SETTINGS } from '$lib/isosurface/types'
-  import { format_num } from '$lib/labels'
-  import type { Vec3 } from '$lib/math'
-  import * as math from '$lib/math'
-  import type {
-    CameraProjection,
-    ShowBonds,
-    VectorColorMode,
-    VectorLayerConfig,
-  } from '$lib/settings'
-  import { DEFAULTS } from '$lib/settings'
-  import { create_pulse_animation } from '$lib/effects.svelte'
-  import { colors } from '$lib/state.svelte'
-  import type {
-    AnyStructure,
-    BondEditMode,
-    BondOrder,
-    BondPair,
-    MeasureMode,
-    Site,
-    StructureBond,
-  } from '$lib/structure'
-  import {
-    Arrow,
-    atomic_radii,
-    Cylinder,
-    get_all_site_vectors,
-    get_center_of_mass,
-    get_structure_vector_keys,
-    Lattice,
-    VECTOR_PALETTE,
-  } from '$lib/structure'
-  import type { AtomColorConfig } from '$lib/structure/atom-properties'
-  import {
-    get_orig_site_idx,
-    get_property_colors,
-  } from '$lib/structure/atom-properties'
-  import * as measure from '$lib/structure/measure'
-  import {
-    compute_slice_geometry,
-    merge_split_partial_sites,
-    PARTIAL_OCCUPANCY_CAP_ARC,
-  } from '$lib/structure/partial-occupancy'
-  import type { MoyoDataset } from '@spglib/moyo-wasm'
-  import { T, useThrelte } from '@threlte/core'
-  import * as extras from '@threlte/extras'
-  import { type ComponentProps, type Snippet, untrack } from 'svelte'
-  import { SvelteMap, SvelteSet } from 'svelte/reactivity'
-  import { type Camera, Color, type Mesh, type Object3D, type Scene, Vector3 } from 'three'
-  import Bond from './Bond.svelte'
-  import type { BondEditResult, BondingStrategy, BondKeyTarget } from './bonding'
-  import {
-    add_or_restore_bond,
-    BONDING_STRATEGIES,
-    BOND_ORDER_OPTIONS,
-    canonicalize_bond_target,
-    delete_bond as apply_delete_bond,
-    get_bond_key,
-    get_bond_render_matrices,
-    get_explicit_bond_metadata,
-    set_bond_order as apply_set_bond_order,
-    structure_bond_to_bond_pair,
-  } from './bonding'
-  import {
-    CanvasTooltip,
-    compose_perceived_bonds,
-    perceive_bond_orders,
-  } from './index'
-  import {
-    choose_site_label_offset,
-    LABEL_OFFSET_EPS,
-    make_label_position_calculator,
-  } from './label-placement'
-
-  type InstancedAtomGroup = {
-    element: string
-    radius: number
-    color: string
-    is_image_atom: boolean
-    atoms: (typeof atom_data)[number][]
-  }
-
-  function instanced_atom_group_key(
-    { element, radius, color, is_image_atom, atoms }: InstancedAtomGroup,
-    measure_mode: MeasureMode,
-  ): string {
-    const edit_mode_image = measure_mode === `edit-atoms` && is_image_atom
-    return `${element}-${format_num(radius, `.3~`)}-${color}-${
-      is_image_atom ? `img` : `base`
-    }-${edit_mode_image}-${atoms.length}`
-  }
-
-  type EditableAtomHitTarget = {
-    site_idx: number
-    position: Vec3
-    radius: number
-  }
-
-  type BondContextMenu = {
-    site_idx_1: number
-    site_idx_2: number
-    cell_shift?: Vec3
-    position: Vec3
-  }
-
-  type BondPointerEvent = PointerEvent & {
-    nativeEvent?: PointerEvent
-    object?: Object3D
-    point?: Vector3
-  }
-
-  type BondContextMenuEvent = MouseEvent & {
-    nativeEvent?: MouseEvent
-    object?: Object3D
-    point?: Vector3
-  }
-
-  let {
-    structure = undefined,
-    base_structure = undefined,
-    atom_radius = DEFAULTS.structure.atom_radius,
-    same_size_atoms = false,
-    camera_position = DEFAULTS.structure.camera_position,
-    camera_target = undefined,
-    camera_projection = DEFAULTS.structure.camera_projection,
-    rotation_damping = DEFAULTS.structure.rotation_damping,
-    max_zoom = DEFAULTS.structure.max_zoom,
-    min_zoom = DEFAULTS.structure.min_zoom,
-    rotate_speed = DEFAULTS.structure.rotate_speed,
-    zoom_speed = DEFAULTS.structure.zoom_speed,
-    pan_speed = DEFAULTS.structure.pan_speed,
-    zoom_to_cursor = DEFAULTS.structure.zoom_to_cursor,
-    show_atoms = DEFAULTS.structure.show_atoms,
-    show_bonds = DEFAULTS.structure.show_bonds,
-    show_site_labels = DEFAULTS.structure.show_site_labels,
-    show_site_indices = DEFAULTS.structure.show_site_indices,
-    site_label_size = DEFAULTS.structure.site_label_size,
-    site_label_offset = $bindable(DEFAULTS.structure.site_label_offset),
-    site_label_bg_color = DEFAULTS.structure.site_label_bg_color,
-    site_label_color = DEFAULTS.structure.site_label_color,
-    site_label_padding = DEFAULTS.structure.site_label_padding,
-    vector_configs = $bindable<Record<string, VectorLayerConfig>>({}),
-    vector_scale = DEFAULTS.structure.vector_scale,
-    vector_color = DEFAULTS.structure.vector_color,
-    vector_color_mode = DEFAULTS.structure.vector_color_mode as VectorColorMode,
-    vector_color_scale = DEFAULTS.structure.vector_color_scale,
-    vector_normalize = DEFAULTS.structure.vector_normalize,
-    vector_uniform_thickness = DEFAULTS.structure.vector_uniform_thickness,
-    vector_origin_gap = DEFAULTS.structure.vector_origin_gap,
-    vector_shaft_radius = DEFAULTS.structure.vector_shaft_radius,
-    vector_arrow_head_radius = DEFAULTS.structure.vector_arrow_head_radius,
-    vector_arrow_head_length = DEFAULTS.structure.vector_arrow_head_length,
-    gizmo = DEFAULTS.structure.show_gizmo,
-    hovered_idx = $bindable(null),
-    hovered_site = $bindable(null),
-    float_fmt = `.3~f`,
-    auto_rotate = DEFAULTS.structure.auto_rotate,
-    bond_thickness = DEFAULTS.structure.bond_thickness,
-    bond_color = DEFAULTS.structure.bond_color,
-    bonding_strategy = DEFAULTS.structure.bonding_strategy,
-    auto_bond_order = DEFAULTS.structure.auto_bond_order,
-    aromatic_display = DEFAULTS.structure.aromatic_display,
-    bonding_options = {},
-    fov = DEFAULTS.structure.fov,
-    initial_zoom = DEFAULTS.structure.initial_zoom,
-    ambient_light = DEFAULTS.structure.ambient_light,
-    directional_light = DEFAULTS.structure.directional_light,
-    sphere_segments = DEFAULTS.structure.sphere_segments,
-    lattice_props = {},
-    atom_label,
-    camera_is_moving = $bindable(false),
-    width = 0,
-    height = 0,
-    measure_mode = `distance`,
-    selected_sites = $bindable([]),
-    measured_sites = $bindable([]),
-    added_bonds = $bindable([]),
-    removed_bonds = $bindable([]),
-    bond_order_overrides = $bindable([]),
-    bond_edits_enabled = true,
-    bond_edit_mode = $bindable<BondEditMode>(`add`),
-    bond_edit_order = 1,
-    selection_highlight_color = `#6cf0ff`,
-    // Active highlight group with different color
-    active_sites = $bindable([]),
-    active_highlight_color = `var(--struct-active-highlight-color, #2563eb)`,
-    rotation = DEFAULTS.structure.rotation,
-    scene = $bindable(),
-    camera = $bindable(),
-    orbit_controls = $bindable(),
-    rotation_target_ref = $bindable(),
-    initial_computed_zoom = $bindable(),
-    hidden_elements = $bindable(new SvelteSet()),
-    hidden_prop_vals = $bindable(new SvelteSet<number | string>()),
-    element_radius_overrides = $bindable<Partial<Record<ElementSymbol, number>>>({}),
-    site_radius_overrides = $bindable<SvelteMap<number, number>>(new SvelteMap()),
-    atom_color_config = {
-      mode: DEFAULTS.structure.atom_color_mode,
-      scale: DEFAULTS.structure.atom_color_scale as D3InterpolateName,
-      scale_type: DEFAULTS.structure.atom_color_scale_type,
-    },
-    sym_data = null,
-    // Edit-atoms mode callbacks
-    on_sites_moved,
-    on_operation_start,
-    on_bond_edit_start,
-    on_add_atom,
-    add_atom_mode = $bindable(false),
-    add_element = $bindable(`C`),
-    cursor = $bindable(`default`),
-    dragging_atoms = $bindable(false),
-    volumetric_data = undefined,
-    isosurface_settings = DEFAULT_ISOSURFACE_SETTINGS,
-  }: {
-    structure?: AnyStructure
-    base_structure?: AnyStructure // The original structure without image atoms, used for property color calculation
-    atom_radius?: number // scale factor for atomic radii
-    same_size_atoms?: boolean // whether to use the same radius for all atoms. if not, the radius will be
-    // determined by the atomic radius of the element
-    camera_position?: [x: number, y: number, z: number] // initial camera position from which to render the scene
-    camera_target?: Vec3 // external orbit-controls target for pan synchronization
-    camera_projection?: CameraProjection // camera projection type
-    rotation_damping?: number // rotation damping factor (how quickly the rotation comes to rest after mouse release)
-    // zoom level of the camera
-    max_zoom?: number
-    min_zoom?: number
-    rotate_speed?: number // rotation speed. set to 0 to disable rotation.
-    zoom_speed?: number // zoom speed. set to 0 to disable zooming.
-    pan_speed?: number // pan speed. set to 0 to disable panning.
-    zoom_to_cursor?: boolean // zoom toward cursor position instead of scene center
-    show_atoms?: boolean
-    show_bonds?: ShowBonds
-    show_site_labels?: boolean
-    show_site_indices?: boolean
-    vector_configs?: Record<string, VectorLayerConfig>
-    vector_scale?: number
-    vector_color?: string
-    vector_color_mode?: VectorColorMode
-    vector_color_scale?: D3InterpolateName
-    vector_normalize?: boolean
-    vector_uniform_thickness?: boolean
-    vector_origin_gap?: number
-    vector_shaft_radius?: number
-    vector_arrow_head_radius?: number
-    vector_arrow_head_length?: number
-    gizmo?: boolean | ComponentProps<typeof extras.Gizmo>
-    hovered_idx?: number | null
-    hovered_site?: Site | null
-    float_fmt?: string
-    auto_rotate?: number
-    initial_zoom?: number
-    bond_thickness?: number
-    bond_color?: string
-    bonding_strategy?: BondingStrategy
-    auto_bond_order?: boolean
-    aromatic_display?: `aromatic` | `kekule`
-    bonding_options?: Record<string, unknown>
-    fov?: number
-    ambient_light?: number
-    directional_light?: number
-    sphere_segments?: number
-    lattice_props?: ComponentProps<typeof Lattice>
-    atom_label?: Snippet<[{ site: Site; site_idx: number }]>
-    site_label_size?: number
-    site_label_offset?: Vec3
-    site_label_bg_color?: string
-    site_label_color?: string
-    site_label_padding?: number
-    camera_is_moving?: boolean // used to prevent tooltip from showing while camera is moving
-    width?: number // Viewer dimensions for responsive zoom
-    height?: number
-    // measurement props
-    measure_mode?: MeasureMode
-    selected_sites?: number[]
-    measured_sites?: number[]
-    added_bonds?: StructureBond[]
-    removed_bonds?: StructureBond[]
-    bond_order_overrides?: StructureBond[]
-    bond_edits_enabled?: boolean
-    bond_edit_mode?: BondEditMode
-    bond_edit_order?: BondOrder
-    selection_highlight_color?: string
-    // Support for active highlight group with different color
-    active_sites?: number[]
-    active_highlight_color?: string
-    rotation?: Vec3 // rotation control prop
-    // Expose scene and camera for external use (e.g. export pane)
-    scene?: Scene
-    camera?: Camera
-    orbit_controls?: ComponentProps<typeof extras.OrbitControls>[`ref`] // OrbitControls instance
-    rotation_target_ref?: Vec3 // Expose rotation target for reset
-    initial_computed_zoom?: number // Expose initial zoom for reset
-    hidden_elements?: Set<ElementSymbol>
-    hidden_prop_vals?: Set<number | string> // Track hidden property values (e.g. Wyckoff positions, coordination numbers)
-    element_radius_overrides?: Partial<Record<ElementSymbol, number>> // Per-element absolute radius in Angstroms
-    site_radius_overrides?: Map<number, number> | SvelteMap<number, number> // Per-site absolute radius in Angstroms
-    atom_color_config?: Partial<AtomColorConfig> // Atom coloring configuration
-    sym_data?: MoyoDataset | null // Symmetry data for Wyckoff coloring
-    // Edit-atoms mode callbacks and state
-    on_sites_moved?: (scene_indices: number[], delta: Vec3) => void
-    on_operation_start?: () => void
-    on_bond_edit_start?: () => void
-    on_add_atom?: (xyz: Vec3, element: ElementSymbol) => void
-    add_atom_mode?: boolean // whether user is in click-to-place add-atom sub-mode
-    add_element?: ElementSymbol // element to add when clicking in add-atom mode
-    cursor?: string // cursor style for the 3D canvas
-    dragging_atoms?: boolean // true while TransformControls drag is active (skips expensive recalculations)
-    volumetric_data?: VolumetricData // Active volumetric data for isosurface rendering
-    isosurface_settings?: IsosurfaceSettings // Isosurface rendering settings
-  } = $props()
-
-  const pulse = create_pulse_animation(
-    () => selected_sites.length > 0 || active_sites.length > 0,
-    { step: 0.015, frequency: 5 },
-  )
-  let pulse_opacity = $derived(0.15 + 0.25 * pulse.unit)
-
-  const threlte = useThrelte()
-  $effect(() => {
-    scene = threlte.scene
-    camera = threlte.camera.current
-    if (threlte.renderer) {
-      Object.assign(threlte.renderer.domElement, { __renderer: threlte.renderer })
-    }
-  })
-
-  // Expose rotation target for external reset
-  $effect(() => {
-    rotation_target_ref = rotation_target
-  })
-
-  // Track initial computed zoom for reset
-  let stored_initial_zoom = $state<number | undefined>(undefined)
-  $effect(() => {
-    if (stored_initial_zoom === undefined && computed_zoom > 0) {
-      stored_initial_zoom = computed_zoom
-    }
-    initial_computed_zoom = stored_initial_zoom
-  })
-
-  let bond_pairs: BondPair[] = $state([])
-  let atom_tooltip_active = $state(false)
-  let hovered_bond_key = $state<string | null>(null)
-  const ATOM_HOVER_CLEAR_DELAY_MS = 200
-  let clear_atom_hover_timeout: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null = null
-
-  function cancel_atom_hover_clear(): void {
-    if (clear_atom_hover_timeout == null) return
-    clearTimeout(clear_atom_hover_timeout)
-    clear_atom_hover_timeout = null
-  }
-
-  function set_atom_hover(site_idx: number): void {
-    cancel_atom_hover_clear()
-    if (hovered_idx !== site_idx) hovered_idx = site_idx
-    if (!atom_tooltip_active) atom_tooltip_active = true
-  }
-
-  function schedule_atom_hover_clear(site_idx: number): void {
-    cancel_atom_hover_clear()
-    clear_atom_hover_timeout = setTimeout(() => {
-      clear_atom_hover_timeout = null
-      if (hovered_idx !== site_idx) return
-      hovered_idx = null
-      atom_tooltip_active = false
-    }, ATOM_HOVER_CLEAR_DELAY_MS)
-  }
-
-  const atom_hover_props = (site_idx: number | null, disabled = false) => ({
-    onpointerenter: () => {
-      if (!disabled && site_idx != null) set_atom_hover(site_idx)
-    },
-    onpointermove: () => {
-      if (!disabled && site_idx != null) set_atom_hover(site_idx)
-    },
-    onpointerleave: () => {
-      if (!disabled && site_idx != null) schedule_atom_hover_clear(site_idx)
-    },
-  })
-
-  // Cursor style for the canvas, derived from mode and hover state
-  let canvas_cursor = $derived.by(() => {
-    if (measure_mode === `edit-atoms` && add_atom_mode) return `crosshair`
-    if (measure_mode === `edit-bonds` && hovered_bond_key != null) {
-      return bond_edits_enabled ? `pointer` : `not-allowed`
-    }
-    if (hovered_idx != null) {
-      if (measure_mode === `edit-bonds`) {
-        return bond_edit_mode === `add` && can_select_bond_site(hovered_idx)
-          ? `pointer`
-          : `not-allowed`
-      }
-      if (measure_mode === `edit-atoms`) {
-        const site = structure?.sites?.[hovered_idx]
-        if (site?.properties?.orig_site_idx != null) return `not-allowed`
-        return `pointer`
-      }
-      return `pointer`
-    }
-    return `default`
-  })
-
-  // Desaturate a color by blending it toward gray (for ghosting image atoms in edit mode)
-  const gray = new Color(0x999999)
-  function desaturate(hex: string | undefined, amount = 0.4): string {
-    return `#${new Color(hex ?? 0x999999).lerp(gray, amount).getHexString()}`
-  }
-
-  // === Edit-atoms mode state ===
-  let transform_object = $state<Mesh | undefined>(undefined)
-  // Plain variable — only used imperatively in TransformControls drag handlers
-  let drag_start_centroid: Vec3 | null = null
-  // Frozen centroid set on drag start. While non-null, the TransformControls mesh
-  // position stays at this fixed value so Svelte's reactive centroid updates (from
-  // PBC wrapping) don't fight TransformControls. Cleared on mouseUp so the mesh
-  // snaps to the new wrapped centroid.
-  let frozen_centroid = $state<Vec3 | null>(null)
-
-  let bond_context_menu = $state<BondContextMenu | null>(null)
-  // Threlte/HTML pointer events can close the visible menu before a button
-  // handler runs, so keep the target bond separately for menu actions.
-  let bond_context_target: BondContextMenu | null = null
-
-  function close_bond_context_menu() {
-    bond_context_menu = null
-    bond_context_target = null
-  }
-
-  const canonical_bond_target = (bond: BondKeyTarget): BondKeyTarget =>
-    canonicalize_bond_target(bond, structure?.sites)
-
-  const bond_key_for = (bond: BondKeyTarget): string => {
-    const target = canonical_bond_target(bond)
-    return get_bond_key(target.site_idx_1, target.site_idx_2, target.cell_shift)
-  }
-  const rendered_bond_key_for = (bond: BondKeyTarget): string =>
-    get_bond_key(bond.site_idx_1, bond.site_idx_2, bond.cell_shift)
-
-  const matches_bond_key = (bond: BondKeyTarget, key: string): boolean =>
-    bond_key_for(bond) === key
-
-  const find_added_bond_by_rendered_key = (key: string): StructureBond | undefined =>
-    added_bonds.find((bond) => rendered_bond_key_for(bond) === key)
-
-  function resolve_bond_edit_target(
-    site_idx_1: number,
-    site_idx_2: number,
-    cell_shift?: Vec3,
-  ): BondKeyTarget {
-    const rendered_target = { site_idx_1, site_idx_2, cell_shift }
-    const rendered_key = rendered_bond_key_for(rendered_target)
-    return find_added_bond_by_rendered_key(rendered_key) ??
-      canonical_bond_target(rendered_target)
-  }
-
-  const is_image_bond_site = (site_idx: number): boolean =>
-    structure?.sites?.[site_idx]?.properties?.orig_site_idx != null
-
-  const can_select_bond_site = (site_idx: number): boolean =>
-    bond_edits_enabled && structure?.sites?.[site_idx] != null
-
-  const can_edit_bond = (bond: BondKeyTarget): boolean => {
-    const target = canonical_bond_target(bond)
-    return bond_edits_enabled &&
-      !is_image_bond_site(target.site_idx_1) &&
-      !is_image_bond_site(target.site_idx_2)
-  }
-
-  const format_bond_order = (order: BondOrder | undefined): string =>
-    order === undefined ? `1` : `${order}`
-
-  function get_current_bond_order(
-    site_idx_1: number,
-    site_idx_2: number,
-    cell_shift?: Vec3,
-  ): BondOrder | undefined {
-    const key = get_bond_key(site_idx_1, site_idx_2, cell_shift)
-    return find_added_bond_by_rendered_key(key)?.order ??
-      bond_order_overrides.find((bond) => matches_bond_key(bond, key))?.order ??
-      added_bonds.find((bond) => matches_bond_key(bond, key))?.order ??
-      filtered_bond_pairs.find((bond) => matches_bond_key(bond, key))?.bond_order
-  }
-
-  const midpoint = (pos_1: Vec3, pos_2: Vec3): Vec3 => [
-    (pos_1[0] + pos_2[0]) / 2,
-    (pos_1[1] + pos_2[1]) / 2,
-    (pos_1[2] + pos_2[2]) / 2,
-  ]
-
-  const BOND_ENDPOINT_HIT_FRACTION = 0.3
-  const BOND_ENDPOINT_SITE_MATCH_TOLERANCE = 1e-6
-  const EDITABLE_ATOM_HIT_RADIUS_SCALE = 1.15
-  const skip_raycast = (): void => undefined
-
-  function apply_bond_transform(mesh: Mesh, bond: BondPair): void {
-    mesh.matrix.fromArray(bond.transform_matrix)
-    mesh.matrixWorldNeedsUpdate = true
-  }
-
-  function apply_non_raycastable_bond_hit_transform(mesh: Mesh, bond: BondPair): void {
-    apply_bond_transform(mesh, bond)
-    disable_raycast(mesh)
-  }
-
-  function disable_raycast(mesh: Mesh): void {
-    mesh.raycast = skip_raycast
-  }
-
-  function site_world_position(parent: Object3D, site: Site): Vector3 {
-    const position = new Vector3(...site.xyz)
-    return parent.localToWorld(position)
-  }
-
-  function get_bond_endpoint_site_idx(
-    site_idx: number,
-    world_position: Vector3,
-    parent: Object3D,
-  ): number {
-    if (!structure?.sites) return site_idx
-    const site = structure.sites[site_idx]
-    if (!site) return site_idx
-
-    const matches_world_position = (candidate_site: Site): boolean =>
-      site_world_position(parent, candidate_site).distanceTo(world_position) <=
-      BOND_ENDPOINT_SITE_MATCH_TOLERANCE
-
-    if (matches_world_position(site)) {
-      return site_idx
-    }
-
-    const image_site_idx = structure.sites.findIndex((candidate_site) =>
-      candidate_site.properties?.orig_site_idx === site_idx &&
-      matches_world_position(candidate_site)
-    )
-    return image_site_idx === -1 ? site_idx : image_site_idx
-  }
-
-  function get_bond_endpoint_hit_site_idx(
-    bond: BondPair,
-    event: BondPointerEvent,
-  ): number | null {
-    if (!event.point) return null
-    const parent = event.object?.parent
-    if (!parent) return null
-
-    const world_pos_1 = new Vector3(...bond.pos_1)
-    const world_pos_2 = new Vector3(...bond.pos_2)
-    parent.localToWorld(world_pos_1)
-    parent.localToWorld(world_pos_2)
-
-    const bond_vec = world_pos_2.clone().sub(world_pos_1)
-    const length_sq = bond_vec.lengthSq()
-    if (length_sq <= math.EPS) return null
-
-    const hit_vec = event.point.clone().sub(world_pos_1)
-    const bond_fraction = hit_vec.dot(bond_vec) / length_sq
-    if (bond_fraction <= BOND_ENDPOINT_HIT_FRACTION) {
-      return get_bond_endpoint_site_idx(bond.site_idx_1, world_pos_1, parent)
-    }
-    if (bond_fraction >= 1 - BOND_ENDPOINT_HIT_FRACTION) {
-      return get_bond_endpoint_site_idx(bond.site_idx_2, world_pos_2, parent)
-    }
-    return null
-  }
-
-  let label_screen_margin = $derived(site_label_size * 10 + site_label_padding)
-
-  function get_bond_context_menu_position(
-    bond: BondPair,
-    event?: BondContextMenuEvent,
-  ): Vec3 {
-    const parent = event?.object?.parent
-    if (!event?.point || !parent) return midpoint(bond.pos_1, bond.pos_2)
-
-    const local_point = event.point.clone()
-    parent.worldToLocal(local_point)
-    return [local_point.x, local_point.y, local_point.z]
-  }
-
-  function open_bond_context_menu(bond: BondPair, event?: BondContextMenuEvent) {
-    if (!can_edit_bond(bond)) return
-    bond_context_target = {
-      site_idx_1: bond.site_idx_1,
-      site_idx_2: bond.site_idx_2,
-      cell_shift: bond.cell_shift,
-      position: get_bond_context_menu_position(bond, event),
-    }
-    bond_context_menu = bond_context_target
-  }
-
-  const current_bond_edit_state = () => ({
-    added_bonds,
-    removed_bonds,
-    bond_order_overrides,
-  })
-
-  function apply_bond_edit_result(result: BondEditResult, close_menu = true) {
-    if (!result.changed) return
-    on_bond_edit_start?.()
-    added_bonds = result.state.added_bonds
-    removed_bonds = result.state.removed_bonds
-    bond_order_overrides = result.state.bond_order_overrides
-    if (close_menu) close_bond_context_menu()
-  }
-
-  const find_visible_bond = (
-    target: BondKeyTarget,
-    canonical_target: BondKeyTarget = target,
-  ): BondPair | undefined => {
-    const rendered_key = rendered_bond_key_for(target)
-    const canonical_key = bond_key_for(canonical_target)
-    return filtered_bond_pairs.find((bond) => rendered_bond_key_for(bond) === rendered_key) ??
-      filtered_bond_pairs.find((bond) => bond_key_for(bond) === canonical_key)
-  }
-
-  function open_bond_order_menu_for_target(
-    target: BondKeyTarget,
-    canonical_target: BondKeyTarget = target,
-  ) {
-    const bond = find_visible_bond(target, canonical_target)
-    if (bond) open_bond_context_menu(bond)
-  }
-
-  function add_or_restore_pair(site_idx_1: number, site_idx_2: number) {
-    const rendered_target = { site_idx_1, site_idx_2 }
-    if (!can_edit_bond(rendered_target)) return
-    const edit_state = current_bond_edit_state()
-    const canonical_target = canonical_bond_target(rendered_target)
-    const canonical_result = add_or_restore_bond(
-      edit_state,
-      canonical_target,
-      editable_perceived_bond_pairs,
-      bond_edit_order,
-    )
-    const use_rendered_target =
-      canonical_result.action === `added` &&
-      rendered_bond_key_for(canonical_target) !== rendered_bond_key_for(rendered_target)
-    const target = use_rendered_target ? rendered_target : canonical_target
-    const result = use_rendered_target
-      ? add_or_restore_bond(
-          edit_state,
-          rendered_target,
-          editable_perceived_bond_pairs,
-          bond_edit_order,
-        )
-      : canonical_result
-    if (result.action === `already-visible`) {
-      open_bond_order_menu_for_target(rendered_target, target)
-      return
-    }
-    apply_bond_edit_result(result, false)
-  }
-
-  function set_bond_order(
-    site_idx_1: number,
-    site_idx_2: number,
-    order: BondOrder,
-    cell_shift?: Vec3,
-  ) {
-    const target = resolve_bond_edit_target(site_idx_1, site_idx_2, cell_shift)
-    if (!can_edit_bond(target)) return
-    apply_bond_edit_result(
-      apply_set_bond_order(
-        current_bond_edit_state(),
-        target,
-        editable_perceived_bond_pairs,
-        order,
-      ),
-    )
-  }
-
-  function set_context_bond_order(order: BondOrder) {
-    const menu = bond_context_target ?? bond_context_menu
-    if (!menu) return
-    set_bond_order(menu.site_idx_1, menu.site_idx_2, order, menu.cell_shift)
-  }
-
-  function remove_bond(site_idx_1: number, site_idx_2: number, cell_shift?: Vec3) {
-    const target = resolve_bond_edit_target(site_idx_1, site_idx_2, cell_shift)
-    if (!can_edit_bond(target)) return
-    apply_bond_edit_result(
-      apply_delete_bond(
-        current_bond_edit_state(),
-        target,
-        editable_perceived_bond_pairs,
-      ),
-    )
-  }
-
-  function remove_context_bond() {
-    const menu = bond_context_target ?? bond_context_menu
-    if (!menu) return
-    remove_bond(menu.site_idx_1, menu.site_idx_2, menu.cell_shift)
-  }
-
-  // Deduplicate clicks: when a highlight sphere and the underlying atom both
-  // intercept the same native click, only the first intersection should fire.
-  // All threlte intersection events from one click share the same nativeEvent ref.
-  let last_native_event: Event | null = null
-  // extras.Instance does not always emit pointerdown, so edit-bonds also falls
-  // back to click. When pointerdown did fire, skip the matching click once.
-  let last_edit_bonds_pointerdown_site_idx: number | null = null
-  let clear_edit_bonds_pointerdown_site_timeout:
-    | ReturnType<typeof setTimeout>
-    | null = null
-
-  function remember_edit_bonds_pointerdown_site(site_idx: number) {
-    last_edit_bonds_pointerdown_site_idx = site_idx
-    if (clear_edit_bonds_pointerdown_site_timeout != null) {
-      clearTimeout(clear_edit_bonds_pointerdown_site_timeout)
-    }
-    clear_edit_bonds_pointerdown_site_timeout = setTimeout(() => {
-      last_edit_bonds_pointerdown_site_idx = null
-      clear_edit_bonds_pointerdown_site_timeout = null
-    }, 250)
-  }
-
-  function select_edit_bonds_site(site_idx: number, event: Event): void {
-    toggle_selection(site_idx, event)
-    remember_edit_bonds_pointerdown_site(site_idx)
-  }
-
-  function skip_duplicate_edit_bonds_click(site_idx: number) {
-    if (last_edit_bonds_pointerdown_site_idx !== site_idx) return false
-
-    last_edit_bonds_pointerdown_site_idx = null
-    if (clear_edit_bonds_pointerdown_site_timeout != null) {
-      clearTimeout(clear_edit_bonds_pointerdown_site_timeout)
-      clear_edit_bonds_pointerdown_site_timeout = null
-    }
-    return true
-  }
-
-  function toggle_selection(site_index: number, evt?: Event) {
-    evt?.stopPropagation?.()
-    const event_with_native = evt as Event & { nativeEvent?: unknown } | undefined
-    const native_event = event_with_native?.nativeEvent ?? evt
-    if (native_event instanceof Event) {
-      if (native_event === last_native_event) return
-      last_native_event = native_event
-    }
-
-    if (measure_mode === `edit-bonds`) {
-      if (bond_edit_mode === `delete`) {
-        measured_sites = []
-        selected_sites = []
-        return
-      }
-      if (!can_select_bond_site(site_index)) return
-      // In Add mode, select atom pairs without making existing bonds destructive.
-      const new_sites = measured_sites.includes(site_index)
-        ? measured_sites.filter((idx) => idx !== site_index)
-        : [...measured_sites, site_index]
-
-      measured_sites = new_sites
-      selected_sites = new_sites
-
-      // When two atoms are selected, add/restore or open order editing.
-      if (new_sites.length === 2) {
-        add_or_restore_pair(new_sites[0], new_sites[1])
-        measured_sites = []
-        selected_sites = []
-      }
-      return
-    }
-
-    if (measure_mode === `edit-atoms`) {
-      // Block image atoms (detected by orig_site_idx property from PBC)
-      const site = structure?.sites?.[site_index]
-      if (site?.properties?.orig_site_idx != null) return
-
-      const is_selected = selected_sites.includes(site_index)
-      const is_shift = evt instanceof MouseEvent && evt.shiftKey
-
-      // In edit-atoms mode, selected_sites and measured_sites always stay in sync
-      let new_sites: number[]
-      if (is_shift) {
-        // Multi-select: toggle this site in/out of selection
-        new_sites = is_selected
-          ? selected_sites.filter((idx) => idx !== site_index)
-          : [...selected_sites, site_index]
-      } else {
-        // Single-select: replace selection (or deselect if already selected)
-        new_sites = is_selected ? [] : [site_index]
-      }
-      selected_sites = new_sites
-      measured_sites = new_sites
-      return
-    }
-
-    if (
-      !measured_sites.includes(site_index) &&
-      measured_sites.length >= measure.MAX_SELECTED_SITES
-    ) {
-      console.warn(
-        `Selection size limit reached (${measure.MAX_SELECTED_SITES}). Deselect some sites first.`,
-      )
-      return
-    }
-
-    measured_sites = measured_sites.includes(site_index)
-      ? measured_sites.filter((idx) => idx !== site_index)
-      : [...measured_sites, site_index]
-    selected_sites = selected_sites.includes(site_index)
-      ? selected_sites.filter((idx) => idx !== site_index)
-      : [...selected_sites, site_index]
-  }
-
-  $effect(() => {
-    void structure
-    void measure_mode
-    void bond_edit_mode
-    void bond_edits_enabled
-    untrack(() => {
-      close_bond_context_menu()
-      hovered_bond_key = null
-    })
-  })
-
-  $effect(() => {
-    const count = structure?.sites?.length ?? 0
-    if (count <= 0) {
-      measured_sites = []
-      return
-    }
-    untrack(() => {
-      measured_sites = measured_sites.filter((idx) => idx >= 0 && idx < count)
-    })
-  })
-
-  $effect(() => {
-    cursor = canvas_cursor
-  })
-
-  extras.interactivity()
-  $effect.pre(() => {
-    hovered_site = structure?.sites?.[hovered_idx ?? -1] ?? null
-  })
-  let lattice = $derived(
-    structure && `lattice` in structure ? structure.lattice : null,
-  )
-
-  let visual_lattice = $derived(
-    base_structure && `lattice` in base_structure ? base_structure.lattice : lattice,
-  )
-
-  let rotation_target = $derived(
-    lattice
-      ? (math.scale(math.add(...lattice.matrix), 0.5) as Vec3)
-      : structure
-      ? get_center_of_mass(structure)
-      : [0, 0, 0] as Vec3,
-  )
-
-  let structure_size = $derived.by(() => {
-    if (lattice) return (lattice.a + lattice.b + lattice.c) / 2
-    if (!structure?.sites?.length) return 10
-
-    const ranges = [0, 1, 2].map((axis_idx) => {
-      const coords = structure.sites.map((site) => site.xyz[axis_idx])
-      return Math.max(...coords) - Math.min(...coords)
-    })
-    return Math.max(1, ...ranges)
-  })
-
-  // Characteristic inter-atomic spacing: cube root of volume per atom.
-  // Excludes PBC image atoms (orig_site_idx) so toggling image atoms doesn't affect arrow sizing.
-  let char_atom_spacing = $derived.by(() => {
-    if (!lattice || !structure?.sites?.length) return structure_size
-    const n_real = structure.sites.filter((site) =>
-      site.properties?.orig_site_idx == null
-    ).length
-    return n_real > 0 ? Math.cbrt(lattice.volume / n_real) : structure_size
-  })
-
-  // When uniform thickness is on, convert negative (length-relative) radii to
-  // positive (absolute) values scaled by inter-atomic spacing.
-  // Already-positive (absolute) values are preserved as-is.
-  let eff_shaft_radius = $derived(
-    vector_uniform_thickness && vector_shaft_radius < 0
-      ? char_atom_spacing * -vector_shaft_radius
-      : vector_shaft_radius,
-  )
-  let eff_head_radius = $derived(
-    vector_uniform_thickness && vector_arrow_head_radius < 0
-      ? char_atom_spacing * -vector_arrow_head_radius
-      : vector_arrow_head_radius,
-  )
-  let eff_head_length = $derived(
-    vector_uniform_thickness && vector_arrow_head_length < 0
-      ? char_atom_spacing * -vector_arrow_head_length
-      : vector_arrow_head_length,
-  )
-
-  // Compute dynamic camera clipping planes based on structure size
-  // This prevents z-fighting and disappearing objects when zooming in close on large supercells
-  let camera_near = $derived(Math.max(0.01, structure_size * 0.01))
-  let camera_far = $derived(Math.max(1000, structure_size * 100))
-
-  // Using $state because this is mutated in an effect based on viewport/structure size
-  let computed_zoom = $state(untrack(() => initial_zoom))
-  $effect(() => {
-    if (!(width > 0) || !(height > 0)) return
-    const structure_max_dim = Math.max(1, untrack(() => structure_size))
-    const viewer_min_dim = Math.min(width, height)
-    const scale_factor = viewer_min_dim / (structure_max_dim * 50) // 50px per unit
-    let new_zoom = initial_zoom * scale_factor
-    if (min_zoom && min_zoom > 0) new_zoom = Math.max(min_zoom, new_zoom)
-    if (max_zoom && max_zoom > 0) new_zoom = Math.min(max_zoom, new_zoom)
-    computed_zoom = new_zoom
-  })
-
-  $effect.pre(() => { // Simple initial camera auto-position: proportional to structure size and fov
-    if (camera_position.every((val) => val === 0) && structure) {
-      stored_initial_zoom = undefined
-      const distance = Math.max(1, structure_size) * (60 / fov)
-      camera_position = [distance, distance * 0.3, distance * 0.8]
-    }
-  })
-  $effect(() => {
-    if (structure && show_bonds !== `never`) {
-      // Determine if we should show bonds based on the setting and structure type
-      const should_show_bonds = show_bonds === `always` ||
-        (show_bonds === `crystals` && lattice) ||
-        (show_bonds === `molecules` && !lattice)
-
-      if (should_show_bonds) {
-        bond_pairs = BONDING_STRATEGIES[bonding_strategy](structure, bonding_options)
-      } else bond_pairs = []
-    } else bond_pairs = []
-  })
-
-  // Compute property-based colors when not using element coloring
-  // Use base_structure (original unit cell) for color calculation
-  let property_colors = $derived(
-    get_property_colors(
-      base_structure || structure,
-      atom_color_config,
-      bonding_strategy,
-      sym_data,
-    ),
-  )
-  // Compute weighted average radius for a site based on species occupancies
-  // Normalizes by total occupancy so vacancy-containing sites render at full size
-  const calc_weighted_radius = (site: Site): number => {
-    const total_occu = site.species.reduce((sum, { occu }) => sum + occu, 0)
-    const weighted_sum = site.species.reduce((sum, { element, occu }) => {
-      const override = element_radius_overrides?.[element as ElementSymbol]
-      return sum + occu * (override ?? atomic_radii[element] ?? 1)
-    }, 0)
-    return total_occu > 0 ? weighted_sum / total_occu : 1
-  }
-
-  let atom_data = $derived.by(() => {
-    if (!show_atoms || !structure?.sites) return []
-    const render_sites = merge_split_partial_sites(structure.sites, hidden_elements)
-    return render_sites.flatMap(({ site_idx, site, is_image_atom }) => {
-      const orig_idx = get_orig_site_idx(site, site_idx)
-
-      // Skip sites with hidden property values
-      const prop_val = property_colors?.values[orig_idx]
-      if (prop_val !== undefined && hidden_prop_vals.has(prop_val)) return []
-
-      // Calculate radius: same_size > site override > element override > default
-      // All radii scale uniformly with atom_radius for consistent slider behavior
-      const base_radius = same_size_atoms
-        ? 1
-        : site_radius_overrides?.get(site_idx) ?? calc_weighted_radius(site)
-      const radius = base_radius * atom_radius
-
-      // Use property color if available (e.g. coordination number, Wyckoff position)
-      // Otherwise, each species gets its own element color (important for disordered sites)
-      const site_property_color = property_colors?.colors[orig_idx]
-
-      const visible_species = site.species.filter(({ element }) =>
-        !hidden_elements.has(element)
-      )
-      const slice_geometry = compute_slice_geometry(visible_species)
-      return slice_geometry.map((slice_data) => {
-        return {
-          site_idx,
-          element: slice_data.element,
-          occupancy: slice_data.occupancy,
-          position: site.xyz,
-          radius,
-          color: site_property_color ?? colors.element?.[slice_data.element],
-          has_partial_occupancy: slice_data.occupancy < 1,
-          start_phi: slice_data.start_phi,
-          end_phi: slice_data.end_phi,
-          phi_length: slice_data.phi_length,
-          render_start_cap: slice_data.render_start_cap,
-          render_end_cap: slice_data.render_end_cap,
-          is_image_atom,
-        }
-      })
-    })
-  })
-
-  // Shared visibility check: site has at least one non-hidden element and
-  // its property value (if any) isn't hidden. Used by both bond and vector filtering.
-  const is_site_visible = (site_idx: number): boolean => {
-    if (!structure?.sites) return false
-    const site = structure.sites[site_idx]
-    const has_visible_element = site?.species.some(({ element }) =>
-      !hidden_elements.has(element)
-    )
-    const orig_idx = get_orig_site_idx(site, site_idx)
-    const prop_val = property_colors?.values[orig_idx]
-    const prop_visible = prop_val === undefined ||
-      !hidden_prop_vals.has(prop_val)
-    return has_visible_element && prop_visible
-  }
-
-  // Perception layer: bond_pairs with optional bond-order perception applied.
-  // Off by default (pass-through). Manual overrides are applied downstream in
-  // filtered_bond_pairs, so they still win over perceived orders.
-  let perceived_bond_pairs: BondPair[] = $derived.by(() => {
-    if (!auto_bond_order || !structure?.sites || bond_pairs.length === 0) {
-      return bond_pairs
-    }
-    const total_charge = (`charge` in structure ? structure.charge : 0) ?? 0
-    const perceived = perceive_bond_orders(structure.sites, bond_pairs, {
-      total_charge,
-    })
-    // Explicit structure.properties.bonds are user-authoritative and must
-    // never be clobbered by perception. Composition + precedence is a pure,
-    // unit-tested helper (see compose_perceived_bonds).
-    return compose_perceived_bonds(
-      perceived,
-      get_explicit_bond_metadata(structure),
-      aromatic_display,
-    )
-  })
-
-  let editable_perceived_bond_pairs = $derived(
-    perceived_bond_pairs.map((bond) => ({ ...bond, ...canonical_bond_target(bond) })),
-  )
-
-  let filtered_bond_pairs = $derived.by(() => {
-    if (!structure?.sites) return perceived_bond_pairs
-
-    // Build set of removed bond keys for efficient lookup
-    const removed_keys = new Set(
-      removed_bonds.map(bond_key_for),
-    )
-    const added_keys = new Set(
-      added_bonds.map(bond_key_for),
-    )
-    const order_overrides = new Map(
-      bond_order_overrides.map((bond) => [bond_key_for(bond), bond.order]),
-    )
-
-    // Filter calculated bonds: exclude removed, replaced by manual additions, and hidden.
-    const calculated = perceived_bond_pairs
-      .filter((bond) => {
-        const key = bond_key_for(bond)
-        if (removed_keys.has(key) || added_keys.has(key)) return false
-        return is_site_visible(bond.site_idx_1) && is_site_visible(bond.site_idx_2)
-      })
-      .map((bond) => {
-        const override = order_overrides.get(bond_key_for(bond))
-        return override === undefined ? bond : { ...bond, bond_order: override }
-      })
-
-    // Create BondPair objects for manually added bonds
-    const added: BondPair[] = []
-    for (const added_bond of added_bonds) {
-      const { site_idx_1: idx_i, site_idx_2: idx_j } = added_bond
-      if (!is_site_visible(idx_i) || !is_site_visible(idx_j)) continue
-      added.push(structure_bond_to_bond_pair(structure, added_bond))
-    }
-
-    return [...calculated, ...added]
-  })
-
-  let editable_bond_pairs = $derived(
-    bond_edits_enabled ? filtered_bond_pairs.filter(can_edit_bond) : [],
-  )
-
-  let smart_site_label_offsets = $derived.by(() => {
-    const offsets = new SvelteMap<number, Vec3>()
-    if (filtered_bond_pairs.length === 0) return offsets
-
-    const bond_directions_by_site = new SvelteMap<number, Vec3[]>()
-    const add_bond_direction = (site_idx: number, pos_1: Vec3, pos_2: Vec3) => {
-      const direction = math.normalize_vec3(
-        math.subtract(pos_2, pos_1),
-        [0, 0, 0],
-      )
-      if (Math.hypot(...direction) < LABEL_OFFSET_EPS) return
-      bond_directions_by_site.set(site_idx, [
-        ...(bond_directions_by_site.get(site_idx) ?? []),
-        direction,
-      ])
-    }
-
-    for (const { site_idx_1, site_idx_2, pos_1, pos_2 } of filtered_bond_pairs) {
-      add_bond_direction(site_idx_1, pos_1, pos_2)
-      add_bond_direction(site_idx_2, pos_2, pos_1)
-    }
-    for (const [site_idx, bond_directions] of bond_directions_by_site) {
-      offsets.set(site_idx, choose_site_label_offset(bond_directions, site_label_offset))
-    }
-    return offsets
-  })
-
-  let instanced_bond_groups = $derived.by(() => {
-    if (!structure?.sites || filtered_bond_pairs.length === 0) return []
-
-    const group = {
-      thickness: bond_thickness,
-      ambient_light,
-      directional_light,
-      instances: [] as {
-        matrix: Float32Array
-        color_start: string
-        color_end: string
-      }[],
-    }
-
-    for (const bond_data of filtered_bond_pairs) {
-      const site_a = structure.sites[bond_data.site_idx_1]
-      const site_b = structure.sites[bond_data.site_idx_2]
-
-      const get_majority_color = (site: typeof site_a) => {
-        if (!site?.species || site.species.length === 0) return bond_color
-        const majority_species = site.species.reduce((max, spec) =>
-          spec.occu > max.occu ? spec : max
-        )
-        return colors.element?.[majority_species.element] || bond_color
-      }
-
-      const color_start = get_majority_color(site_a)
-      const color_end = get_majority_color(site_b)
-      for (const matrix of get_bond_render_matrices(bond_data, bond_thickness)) {
-        group.instances.push({ matrix, color_start, color_end })
-      }
-    }
-
-    return group.instances.length > 0 ? [group] : []
-  })
-
-  let radius_by_site_idx = $derived.by(() => {
-    const map = new SvelteMap<number, number>()
-    for (const atom of atom_data) {
-      if (!map.has(atom.site_idx)) map.set(atom.site_idx, atom.radius)
-    }
-    return map
-  })
-
-  let editable_atom_hit_targets = $derived.by(() => {
-    if (
-      measure_mode !== `edit-bonds` ||
-      bond_edit_mode !== `add` ||
-      !bond_edits_enabled
-    ) {
-      return []
-    }
-
-    const targets = new SvelteMap<number, EditableAtomHitTarget>()
-    for (const atom of atom_data) {
-      if (!can_select_bond_site(atom.site_idx)) continue
-      if (targets.has(atom.site_idx)) continue
-      targets.set(atom.site_idx, {
-        site_idx: atom.site_idx,
-        position: atom.position,
-        radius: atom.radius,
-      })
-    }
-    return [...targets.values()]
-  })
-
-  // Get radius for a site (for highlight fallback when site is hidden/filtered)
-  // Checks site_radius_overrides first for consistency with visible atoms
-  const get_site_radius = (site: Site, site_idx: number | null): number => {
-    const override = site_idx !== null
-      ? site_radius_overrides?.get(site_idx)
-      : undefined
-    const base_radius = same_size_atoms ? 1 : override ?? calc_weighted_radius(site)
-    return base_radius * atom_radius
-  }
-
-  // Interpolate between spin-down (#3498db blue) and spin-up (#e74c3c red)
-  // based on the z-component direction of a magnetic vector
-  function spin_direction_color(vec: Vec3): string {
-    const mag = Math.hypot(...vec)
-    const z_frac = mag > 1e-10 ? (vec[2] / mag + 1) / 2 : 0.5 // 0=down, 1=up
-    const red = Math.round(52 + (231 - 52) * z_frac)
-    const grn = Math.round(152 + (76 - 152) * z_frac)
-    const blu = Math.round(219 + (60 - 219) * z_frac)
-    return `#${red.toString(16).padStart(2, `0`)}${
-      grn.toString(16).padStart(2, `0`)
-    }${blu.toString(16).padStart(2, `0`)}`
-  }
-
-  // Build one arrow layer per visible vector key. Auto-scales the longest
-  // vector to 1.8× char_atom_spacing (cube root of volume per atom).
-  // When vector_normalize is on, effective_max is 1 so all arrows get equal length.
-  // Single active key preserves legacy coloring (element for force,
-  // spin-direction for magmom/spin). Multiple keys use flat palette colors.
-  let vector_layers = $derived.by(() => {
-    if (!structure?.sites) return []
-    const keys = get_structure_vector_keys(structure)
-    const active_keys = keys.filter((key) => vector_configs[key]?.visible !== false)
-    if (active_keys.length === 0) return []
-
-    // Build per-site lookup; skip hidden sites so they don't contribute
-    // arrows or affect autoscaling. null entries = hidden site.
-    const active_set = new Set(active_keys)
-    let max_mag = 0
-    const site_vec_maps = structure.sites.map((site, site_idx) => {
-      if (!is_site_visible(site_idx)) return null
-      const map = new SvelteMap<string, Vec3>()
-      for (const { key, vec } of get_all_site_vectors(site)) {
-        map.set(key, vec)
-        if (active_set.has(key)) {
-          max_mag = Math.max(max_mag, Math.hypot(...vec))
-        }
-      }
-      return map
-    })
-
-    // When normalize is on, treat all magnitudes as 1 so arrows have equal length
-    const effective_max = vector_normalize ? 1 : max_mag
-    const auto_scale = effective_max > 1e-10
-      ? (char_atom_spacing * 1.8) / effective_max
-      : 1
-    const is_single = active_keys.length === 1
-    const effective_global_scale = auto_scale * vector_scale
-
-    // When vector_origin_gap > 0 and multiple vectors exist at a site,
-    // arrange arrow origins on a regular polygon centered on the atom, in a
-    // plane perpendicular to the mean vector direction. The gap is a fraction
-    // of the visual atom radius (0 = center, 0.5 = halfway to surface).
-    // get_site_radius() returns the uniform scale applied to SphereGeometry(0.5),
-    // so visual_radius = get_site_radius() * 0.5.
-    const site_offsets = (vector_origin_gap > 0 && !is_single)
-      ? structure.sites.map((site, site_idx) => {
-        const vec_map = site_vec_maps[site_idx]
-        if (!vec_map) return null
-        const site_keys = active_keys.filter((key) => vec_map.has(key))
-        const n_keys = site_keys.length
-        if (n_keys <= 1) return null
-        const visual_radius = get_site_radius(site, site_idx) * 0.5
-        const gap_abs = vector_origin_gap * visual_radius
-        let mean: Vec3 = [0, 0, 0]
-        for (const key of site_keys) {
-          const vec = vec_map.get(key)
-          if (vec) mean = math.add(mean, math.normalize_vec3(vec)) as Vec3
-        }
-        const mean_dir = math.normalize_vec3(mean, [0, 1, 0] as Vec3)
-        const [u_vec, v_vec] = math.compute_in_plane_basis(mean_dir)
-        const offsets = new SvelteMap<string, Vec3>()
-        for (const [idx, key] of site_keys.entries()) {
-          const angle = (2 * Math.PI * idx) / n_keys
-          const dx = math.scale(u_vec, gap_abs * Math.cos(angle)) as Vec3
-          const dy = math.scale(v_vec, gap_abs * Math.sin(angle)) as Vec3
-          offsets.set(key, math.add(dx, dy) as Vec3)
-        }
-        return offsets
-      })
-      : null
-
-    const mag_interpolator = get_d3_interpolator(vector_color_scale)
-
-    return active_keys.map((key, layer_idx) => {
-      const layer_cfg = vector_configs[key]
-      const layer_scale = effective_global_scale * (layer_cfg?.scale ?? 1.0)
-      const layer_color = layer_cfg?.color ??
-        VECTOR_PALETTE[layer_idx % VECTOR_PALETTE.length]
-
-      const arrows = structure.sites
-        .map((site, site_idx) => {
-          const vec_map = site_vec_maps[site_idx]
-          if (!vec_map) return null
-          const vec = vec_map.get(key)
-          if (!vec) return null
-
-          // Resolve color mode: explicit per-key color always wins,
-          // then multi-key uses palette, then mode-based coloring
-          let arrow_color: string
-          if (layer_cfg?.color) {
-            arrow_color = layer_cfg.color
-          } else if (!is_single) arrow_color = layer_color
-          else {
-            const effective_mode = vector_color_mode === `auto`
-              ? (key.startsWith(`magmom`) || key.startsWith(`spin`)
-                ? `spin_direction`
-                : `element`)
-              : vector_color_mode
-            if (effective_mode === `magnitude`) {
-              const mag = Math.hypot(...vec)
-              const norm = max_mag > 1e-10 ? mag / max_mag : 0
-              arrow_color = mag_interpolator(norm)
-            } else if (effective_mode === `spin_direction`) {
-              arrow_color = spin_direction_color(vec)
-            } else if (effective_mode === `uniform`) {
-              arrow_color = vector_color
-            } else {
-              const majority_element = site.species.length > 0
-                ? site.species.reduce((max, spec) =>
-                  spec.occu > max.occu ? spec : max
-                ).element
-                : undefined
-              arrow_color =
-                (majority_element && colors.element?.[majority_element]) ||
-                vector_color
-            }
-          }
-
-          const offset = site_offsets?.[site_idx]?.get(key)
-          const position = offset ? math.add(site.xyz, offset) as Vec3 : site.xyz
-          const arrow_vec = vector_normalize ? math.normalize_vec3(vec) : vec
-
-          return {
-            site_idx,
-            position,
-            vector: arrow_vec,
-            scale: layer_scale,
-            color: arrow_color,
-          }
-        })
-        .filter((item): item is NonNullable<typeof item> => item !== null)
-
-      return { key, arrows }
-    })
-  })
-
-  let instanced_atom_groups = $derived(
-    Object.values(
-      atom_data
-        .filter((atom) => !atom.has_partial_occupancy)
-        .reduce(
-          (groups, atom) => {
-            const { element, radius, color, is_image_atom } = atom
-            // Separate image atoms into their own groups for distinct styling in edit-atoms mode
-            const key = `${element}-${format_num(radius, `.3~`)}-${color}-${
-              is_image_atom ? `img` : `base`
-            }`
-            const bucket = groups[key] ||
-              (groups[key] = { element, radius, color, is_image_atom, atoms: [] })
-            bucket.atoms.push(atom)
-            return groups
-          },
-          {} as Record<string, InstancedAtomGroup>,
-        ),
-    ),
-  )
-
-  let unique_instanced_atoms = $derived(
-    Object.values(
-      instanced_atom_groups
-        .flatMap((group) => group.atoms)
-        .reduce((acc, atom) => {
-          acc[atom.site_idx] = atom
-          return acc
-        }, {} as Record<number, (typeof atom_data)[number]>),
-    ),
-  )
-
-  let gizmo_props = $derived.by(() => {
-    const axis_options = Object.fromEntries(
-      [...AXIS_COLORS, ...NEG_AXIS_COLORS].map(([axis, color, hover_color]) => [
-        axis,
-        {
-          color,
-          labelColor: `#111`,
-          opacity: axis.startsWith(`n`) ? 0.9 : 0.8,
-          hover: {
-            color: hover_color,
-            labelColor: `#222222`,
-            opacity: axis.startsWith(`n`) ? 1 : 0.9,
-          },
-        },
-      ]),
-    )
-    return {
-      background: { enabled: false },
-      className: `responsive-gizmo`,
-      ...axis_options,
-      ...(typeof gizmo === `boolean` ? {} : gizmo),
-      offset: { left: 5, bottom: 5 },
-    }
-  })
-
-  let orbit_controls_props = $derived({
-    position: [0, 0, 0],
-    enableRotate: rotate_speed > 0,
-    rotateSpeed: rotate_speed,
-    enableZoom: zoom_speed > 0,
-    zoomSpeed: camera_projection === `orthographic` ? zoom_speed * 2 : zoom_speed,
-    zoomToCursor: zoom_to_cursor,
-    enablePan: pan_speed > 0,
-    panSpeed: pan_speed,
-    target: camera_target ?? rotation_target,
-    maxZoom: max_zoom,
-    minZoom: min_zoom,
-    autoRotate: Boolean(auto_rotate),
-    autoRotateSpeed: auto_rotate,
-    enableDamping: Boolean(rotation_damping),
-    dampingFactor: rotation_damping,
-    onstart: () => {
-      camera_is_moving = true
-      cancel_atom_hover_clear()
-      hovered_idx = null
-      bond_context_menu = null
-    },
-    onend: () => {
-      camera_is_moving = false
-    },
-  })
-
-  let measure_line_color = $derived.by(() => {
-    if (typeof window === `undefined`) return
-    const root_styles = getComputedStyle(document.documentElement)
-    const text_color = root_styles.getPropertyValue(`--text-color`).trim()
-    return text_color || `#808080`
-  })
-</script>
-
-{#snippet bond_instanced_mesh_snippet(
-  group: ComponentProps<typeof Bond>[`group`],
-)}
-  {#key group.instances.length}
-    <Bond {group} />
-  {/key}
-{/snippet}
-
-{#snippet site_label_snippet(position: Vec3, site_idx: number)}
-  {@const site = structure!.sites[site_idx]}
-  {@const visual_radius = (radius_by_site_idx.get(site_idx) ?? 1) * 0.5}
-  <extras.HTML
-    center
-    position={position}
-    calculatePosition={make_label_position_calculator(
-      position,
-      () => smart_site_label_offsets.get(site_idx) ?? site_label_offset,
-      visual_radius,
-      label_screen_margin,
-    )}
-  >
-    {#if atom_label}
-      {@render atom_label({ site, site_idx })}
-    {:else}
-      <button
-        type="button"
-        class="atom-label"
-        style:font-size="{site_label_size * 0.85}em"
-        style:background={site_label_bg_color}
-        style:padding="{site_label_padding}px"
-        style:color={site_label_color}
-        onpointerdown={(event) => {
-          event.preventDefault()
-          event.stopImmediatePropagation()
-          toggle_selection(site_idx, event)
-        }}
-        onclick={(event) => {
-          event.preventDefault()
-          event.stopImmediatePropagation()
-        }}
-        onkeydown={(event) => {
-          if (event.key !== `Enter` && event.key !== ` `) return
-          event.preventDefault()
-          event.stopPropagation()
-          toggle_selection(site_idx, event)
-        }}
-      >
-        {#if show_site_labels}
-          {#if site.species.length === 1}
-            {site.species[0].element}{#if show_site_indices}-{site_idx + 1}{/if}
-          {:else}
-            {#each site.species as
-              { element, occu, oxidation_state }
-              (`${element}-${occu}-${oxidation_state}`)
-            }
-              {element}<sub>{format_num(occu, `.3~`).replace(`0.`, `.`)}</sub>
-            {/each}
-            {#if show_site_indices}-{site_idx + 1}{/if}
-          {/if}
-        {:else if show_site_indices}
-          {site_idx + 1}
-        {/if}
-      </button>
-    {/if}
-  </extras.HTML>
-{/snippet}
-
-{#if camera_projection === `perspective`}
-  <T.PerspectiveCamera
-    makeDefault
-    position={camera_position}
-    {fov}
-    near={camera_near}
-    far={camera_far}
-  >
-    <extras.OrbitControls bind:ref={orbit_controls} {...orbit_controls_props}>
-      {#if gizmo}<extras.Gizmo {...gizmo_props} />{/if}
-    </extras.OrbitControls>
-  </T.PerspectiveCamera>
-{:else}
-  <T.OrthographicCamera
-    makeDefault
-    position={camera_position}
-    zoom={computed_zoom}
-    near={-100}
-    far={camera_far}
-  >
-    <extras.OrbitControls bind:ref={orbit_controls} {...orbit_controls_props}>
-      {#if gizmo}<extras.Gizmo {...gizmo_props} />{/if}
-    </extras.OrbitControls>
-  </T.OrthographicCamera>
-{/if}
-
-<T.DirectionalLight position={[3, 10, 10]} intensity={directional_light} />
-<T.AmbientLight intensity={ambient_light} />
-
-<!-- Apply manual rotation around center: translate to origin, rotate, translate back -->
-<T.Group position={rotation_target}>
-  <T.Group {rotation}>
-    <T.Group position={math.scale(rotation_target, -1)}>
-      {#if show_atoms}
-        <!-- Instanced rendering for full occupancy atoms -->
-        {#each instanced_atom_groups as atom_group (instanced_atom_group_key(atom_group, measure_mode))}
-          {@const { element, radius, color, is_image_atom, atoms } = atom_group}
-          {@const edit_mode_image = measure_mode === `edit-atoms` && is_image_atom}
-          <extras.InstancedMesh
-            key={instanced_atom_group_key(atom_group, measure_mode)}
-            limit={atoms.length}
-            range={atoms.length}
-            frustumCulled={false}
-          >
-            <T.SphereGeometry args={[0.5, sphere_segments, sphere_segments]} />
-            <T.MeshStandardMaterial
-              color={edit_mode_image ? desaturate(color) : color}
-              opacity={edit_mode_image ? 0.5 : 1}
-              transparent={edit_mode_image}
-            />
-            {#each atoms as atom (atom.site_idx)}
-              <extras.Instance
-                position={atom.position}
-                scale={atom.radius}
-                {...atom_hover_props(atom.site_idx, edit_mode_image)}
-                onpointerdown={(event: PointerEvent) => {
-                  if (
-                    edit_mode_image ||
-                    measure_mode !== `edit-bonds` ||
-                    bond_edit_mode !== `add`
-                  ) {
-                    return
-                  }
-                  select_edit_bonds_site(atom.site_idx, event)
-                }}
-                onclick={(event: MouseEvent) => {
-                  if (edit_mode_image) return
-                  if (measure_mode === `edit-bonds`) {
-                    if (bond_edit_mode !== `add`) return
-                    if (skip_duplicate_edit_bonds_click(atom.site_idx)) {
-                      event.stopPropagation()
-                      return
-                    }
-                  }
-                  toggle_selection(atom.site_idx, event)
-                }}
-              />
-            {/each}
-          </extras.InstancedMesh>
-        {/each}
-
-        <!-- Regular rendering for partial occupancy atoms -->
-        {#each atom_data.filter((atom) => atom.has_partial_occupancy) as
-          atom
-          (atom.site_idx + atom.element + atom.occupancy)
-        }
-          {@const partial_edit_image = measure_mode === `edit-atoms` && atom.is_image_atom}
-          {@const ghost_opacity = partial_edit_image ? 0.5 : 1}
-          <T.Group
-            position={atom.position}
-            scale={atom.radius}
-            {...atom_hover_props(atom.site_idx, partial_edit_image)}
-            onpointerdown={(event: PointerEvent) => {
-              if (
-                partial_edit_image ||
-                measure_mode !== `edit-bonds` ||
-                bond_edit_mode !== `add`
-              ) {
-                return
-              }
-              select_edit_bonds_site(atom.site_idx, event)
-            }}
-            onclick={(event: MouseEvent) => {
-              if (partial_edit_image) return
-              if (measure_mode === `edit-bonds`) {
-                if (bond_edit_mode !== `add`) return
-                if (skip_duplicate_edit_bonds_click(atom.site_idx)) {
-                  event.stopPropagation()
-                  return
-                }
-              }
-              toggle_selection(atom.site_idx, event)
-            }}
-          >
-            {@const partial_color = partial_edit_image
-            ? desaturate(atom.color)
-            : atom.color}
-            <T.Mesh>
-              <T.SphereGeometry
-                args={[
-                  0.5,
-                  sphere_segments,
-                  sphere_segments,
-                  atom.start_phi,
-                  atom.phi_length,
-                ]}
-              />
-              <T.MeshStandardMaterial
-                color={partial_color}
-                opacity={ghost_opacity}
-                transparent={partial_edit_image}
-              />
-            </T.Mesh>
-
-            {#if atom.has_partial_occupancy && atom.render_start_cap}
-              <T.Mesh rotation={[0, atom.start_phi, 0]}>
-                <T.CircleGeometry
-                  args={[
-                    0.5,
-                    sphere_segments,
-                    PARTIAL_OCCUPANCY_CAP_ARC.start_cap_arc_start,
-                    PARTIAL_OCCUPANCY_CAP_ARC.arc_length,
-                  ]}
-                />
-                <T.MeshStandardMaterial
-                  color={partial_color}
-                  side={2}
-                  opacity={ghost_opacity}
-                  transparent={partial_edit_image}
-                />
-              </T.Mesh>
-            {/if}
-            {#if atom.has_partial_occupancy && atom.render_end_cap}
-              <T.Mesh rotation={[0, atom.end_phi, 0]}>
-                <T.CircleGeometry
-                  args={[
-                    0.5,
-                    sphere_segments,
-                    PARTIAL_OCCUPANCY_CAP_ARC.end_cap_arc_start,
-                    PARTIAL_OCCUPANCY_CAP_ARC.arc_length,
-                  ]}
-                />
-                <T.MeshStandardMaterial
-                  color={partial_color}
-                  side={2}
-                  opacity={ghost_opacity}
-                  transparent={partial_edit_image}
-                />
-              </T.Mesh>
-            {/if}
-          </T.Group>
-
-          <!-- Render label only for the first species of this site to avoid duplicates -->
-          {#if (show_site_labels || show_site_indices) &&
-          atom.element === structure!.sites[atom.site_idx].species[0].element}
-            {@render site_label_snippet(atom.position, atom.site_idx)}
-          {/if}
-        {/each}
-
-        <!-- Site labels/indices for instanced atoms -->
-        {#if show_site_labels || show_site_indices}
-          {#each unique_instanced_atoms as atom (atom.site_idx)}
-            {@render site_label_snippet(atom.position, atom.site_idx)}
-          {/each}
-        {/if}
-      {/if}
-
-      {#each vector_layers as layer (layer.key)}
-        {#each layer.arrows as arrow (`${layer.key}-${arrow.site_idx}`)}
-          <Arrow
-            {...arrow}
-            shaft_radius={eff_shaft_radius}
-            arrow_head_radius={eff_head_radius}
-            arrow_head_length={eff_head_length}
-          />
-        {/each}
-      {/each}
-
-      <!-- Instanced bond rendering with gradient colors -->
-      {#if instanced_bond_groups.length > 0}
-        {#each instanced_bond_groups as group (group.thickness + group.instances.length)}
-          {@render bond_instanced_mesh_snippet(group)}
-        {/each}
-      {/if}
-
-      <!-- Clickable bond hit-test cylinders in edit-bonds mode -->
-      {#if measure_mode === `edit-bonds` && editable_bond_pairs.length > 0}
-        {#each editable_bond_pairs as
-          bond
-          (`bond-hit-${bond_edit_mode}-${rendered_bond_key_for(bond)}`)
-        }
-          {@const bond_key = rendered_bond_key_for(bond)}
-          {@const is_hovered = hovered_bond_key === bond_key}
-          {@const is_delete_mode = bond_edit_mode === `delete`}
-          {@const bond_hit_radius =
-            bond_thickness * (is_delete_mode ? 5 : 1.25)}
-          {@const bond_hover_radius = bond_thickness * 1.1}
-          <T.Mesh
-            matrixAutoUpdate={false}
-            oncreate={(ref) => apply_bond_transform(ref, bond)}
-            onpointerdown={(event: BondPointerEvent) => {
-              if (event.nativeEvent?.button === 2) return
-              event.stopPropagation()
-              if (is_delete_mode) {
-                remove_bond(bond.site_idx_1, bond.site_idx_2, bond.cell_shift)
-                measured_sites = []
-                selected_sites = []
-                hovered_bond_key = null
-              } else {
-                const endpoint_site_idx = get_bond_endpoint_hit_site_idx(bond, event)
-                if (endpoint_site_idx != null) {
-                  select_edit_bonds_site(endpoint_site_idx, event)
-                }
-              }
-            }}
-            oncontextmenu={(event: BondContextMenuEvent) => {
-              event.nativeEvent?.preventDefault()
-              event.stopPropagation?.()
-              open_bond_context_menu(bond, event)
-            }}
-            onpointerenter={() => (hovered_bond_key = bond_key)}
-            onpointermove={() => (hovered_bond_key = bond_key)}
-            onpointerleave={() => (hovered_bond_key = null)}
-          >
-            <T.CylinderGeometry
-              args={[
-                bond_hit_radius,
-                bond_hit_radius,
-                1,
-                6,
-              ]}
-            />
-            <T.MeshBasicMaterial
-              transparent
-              opacity={0}
-              depthWrite={false}
-            />
-          </T.Mesh>
-          {#if is_hovered}
-            <T.Mesh
-              matrixAutoUpdate={false}
-              oncreate={(ref) => apply_non_raycastable_bond_hit_transform(ref, bond)}
-            >
-              <T.CylinderGeometry args={[bond_hover_radius, bond_hover_radius, 1, 6]} />
-              <T.MeshBasicMaterial
-                transparent
-                opacity={0.25}
-                color={is_delete_mode ? `#ff4444` : `#6cf0ff`}
-                depthWrite={false}
-              />
-            </T.Mesh>
-          {/if}
-        {/each}
-      {/if}
-
-      {#if editable_atom_hit_targets.length > 0}
-        {#each editable_atom_hit_targets as atom_hit (atom_hit.site_idx)}
-          <T.Mesh
-            position={atom_hit.position}
-            scale={atom_hit.radius * EDITABLE_ATOM_HIT_RADIUS_SCALE}
-            {...atom_hover_props(atom_hit.site_idx)}
-            onpointerdown={(event: PointerEvent) => {
-              select_edit_bonds_site(atom_hit.site_idx, event)
-            }}
-          >
-            <T.SphereGeometry args={[0.5, 12, 12]} />
-            <T.MeshBasicMaterial
-              transparent
-              opacity={0}
-              depthWrite={false}
-            />
-          </T.Mesh>
-        {/each}
-      {/if}
-
-      {#if measure_mode === `edit-bonds` && bond_context_menu}
-        {@const current_order = get_current_bond_order(
-          bond_context_menu.site_idx_1,
-          bond_context_menu.site_idx_2,
-          bond_context_menu.cell_shift,
-        )}
-        <extras.HTML autoRender={false} position={bond_context_menu.position}>
-          <div class="bond-context-menu">
-            <strong>Bond Order ({format_bond_order(current_order)})</strong>
-            {#each BOND_ORDER_OPTIONS as { order, label } (label)}
-              <button
-                type="button"
-                onpointerdown={(event: PointerEvent) => {
-                  event.preventDefault()
-                  event.stopPropagation()
-                  set_context_bond_order(order)
-                }}
-                onkeydown={(event: KeyboardEvent) => {
-                  if (event.key !== `Enter` && event.key !== ` `) return
-                  event.preventDefault()
-                  event.stopPropagation()
-                  set_context_bond_order(order)
-                }}
-              >
-                {label}
-              </button>
-            {/each}
-            <button
-              type="button"
-              class="remove"
-              onpointerdown={(event: PointerEvent) => {
-                event.preventDefault()
-                event.stopPropagation()
-                remove_context_bond()
-              }}
-              onkeydown={(event: KeyboardEvent) => {
-                if (event.key !== `Enter` && event.key !== ` `) return
-                event.preventDefault()
-                event.stopPropagation()
-                remove_context_bond()
-              }}
-            >
-              Remove
-            </button>
-            <button
-              type="button"
-              onpointerdown={(event: PointerEvent) => {
-                event.preventDefault()
-                event.stopPropagation()
-                close_bond_context_menu()
-              }}
-              onkeydown={(event: KeyboardEvent) => {
-                if (event.key !== `Enter` && event.key !== ` `) return
-                event.preventDefault()
-                event.stopPropagation()
-                close_bond_context_menu()
-              }}
-            >
-              Close
-            </button>
-          </div>
-        </extras.HTML>
-      {/if}
-
-      <!-- highlight hovered, active and selected sites -->
-      {#each [
-          {
-            kind: `hover`,
-            site: hovered_site,
-            opacity: 0.28,
-            color: `white`,
-            site_idx: hovered_idx,
-          },
-          ...((selected_sites ?? []).map((idx) => ({
-            kind: `selected`,
-            site: structure?.sites?.[idx] ?? null,
-            site_idx: idx,
-            opacity: pulse_opacity,
-            color: selection_highlight_color,
-          }))),
-          ...((active_sites ?? []).map((idx) => ({
-            kind: `active`,
-            site: structure?.sites?.[idx] ?? null,
-            site_idx: idx,
-            opacity: pulse_opacity, // Let it pulse freely
-            color: active_highlight_color,
-          }))),
-        ] as
-        entry
-        (`${entry.kind}-${entry.site_idx}`)
-      }
-        {@const { site, opacity, color, kind, site_idx } = entry}
-        {#if site}
-          {@const xyz = site.xyz}
-          {@const highlight_radius = site_idx !== null
-          ? radius_by_site_idx.get(site_idx) ?? get_site_radius(site, site_idx)
-          : get_site_radius(site, site_idx)}
-          <T.Mesh
-            position={xyz}
-            scale={1.2 * highlight_radius}
-            oncreate={disable_raycast}
-          >
-            <T.SphereGeometry args={[0.5, 22, 22]} />
-            <T.MeshStandardMaterial
-              {color}
-              transparent
-              {opacity}
-              emissive={color}
-              emissiveIntensity={kind === `selected` || kind === `active` ? 0.7 : 0.2}
-              depthTest={false}
-              depthWrite={false}
-            />
-          </T.Mesh>
-        {/if}
-      {/each}
-
-      <!-- selection order labels (1, 2, 3, ...) for measurements and bond editing -->
-      {#if structure?.sites && (measured_sites?.length ?? 0) > 0 &&
-        (measure_mode === `distance` || measure_mode === `angle` ||
-          measure_mode === `edit-bonds`)}
-        {#each measured_sites as site_index, loop_idx (site_index)}
-          {@const site = structure.sites[site_index]}
-          {#if site}
-            <!-- shift selected site labels down to avoid overlapping regular site labels-->
-            {@const selection_offset = math.add(site_label_offset, [0, -0.5, 0])}
-            {@const pos = math.add(site.xyz, selection_offset) as Vec3}
-            <extras.HTML center position={pos}>
-              <span class="selection-label">{loop_idx + 1}</span>
-            </extras.HTML>
-          {/if}
-        {/each}
-      {/if}
-
-      <!-- hovered site tooltip -->
-      {#if hovered_site && !camera_is_moving &&
-        (atom_tooltip_active || active_sites.includes(hovered_idx ?? -1))}
-        {@const abc = hovered_site.abc.map((val) => format_num(val, float_fmt)).join(
-          `, `,
-        )}
-        {@const xyz = hovered_site.xyz.map((val) => format_num(val, float_fmt)).join(
-          `, `,
-        )}
-        {@const bond_neighbors = (() => {
-          if (hovered_idx == null || !structure?.sites) return []
-          return filtered_bond_pairs
-            .filter((bond) =>
-              bond.site_idx_1 === hovered_idx || bond.site_idx_2 === hovered_idx
-            )
-            .map((bond) => {
-              const neighbor_idx = bond.site_idx_1 === hovered_idx
-                ? bond.site_idx_2
-                : bond.site_idx_1
-              return structure.sites[neighbor_idx]?.species[0]?.element ?? `?`
-            })
-        })()}
-        {@const bond_summary = (() => {
-          if (bond_neighbors.length === 0) return ``
-          const counts: Record<string, number> = {}
-          for (const elem of bond_neighbors) {
-            counts[elem] = (counts[elem] ?? 0) + 1
-          }
-          const parts = Object.entries(counts)
-            .sort(([a], [b]) => a.localeCompare(b))
-            .map(([elem, count]) => `${elem}: ${count}`)
-          return ` (${parts.join(`, `)})`
-        })()}
-        <CanvasTooltip position={hovered_site.xyz}>
-          <!-- Element symbols with occupancies for disordered sites -->
-          <div class="elements">
-            {#each hovered_site.species ?? [] as
-              { element, occu, oxidation_state: oxi_state },
-              idx
-              (`${element ?? ``}-${occu ?? ``}-${oxi_state ?? ``}-${idx}`)
-            }
-              {@const element_name = element_data.find((elem) =>
-              elem.symbol === element
-            )?.name ??
-              ``}
-              {#if idx > 0}&thinsp;{/if}
-              {#if occu !== 1}<span class="occupancy">{
-                  format_num(occu, `.3~f`)
-                }</span>{/if}
-              <strong>
-                {element}{#if oxi_state != null && oxi_state !== 0}<sup>{Math.abs(
-                    oxi_state,
-                  )}{oxi_state > 0 ? `+` : `−`}</sup>{/if}
-              </strong>
-              {#if element_name}<span class="elem-name">{element_name}</span>{/if}
-            {/each}
-          </div>
-          <div class="coordinates fractional">abc: ({abc})</div>
-          <div class="coordinates cartesian">xyz: ({xyz}) Å</div>
-          {#if bond_neighbors.length > 0}
-            <div class="coordinates">Bonds: {bond_neighbors.length}{bond_summary}</div>
-          {/if}
-        </CanvasTooltip>
-      {/if}
-
-      {#if visual_lattice}
-        <Lattice matrix={visual_lattice.matrix} {...lattice_props} />
-      {/if}
-
-      <!-- TransformControls for editing atoms in edit-atoms mode -->
-      {#if measure_mode === `edit-atoms` && selected_sites.length > 0 &&
-          structure?.sites}
-        {@const selected_atoms = selected_sites
-          .map((idx) => structure?.sites?.[idx])
-          .filter((site): site is Site => site != null)}
-        {#if selected_atoms.length > 0}
-          {@const avg = (dim: number) =>
-          selected_atoms.reduce((sum, atom) => sum + atom.xyz[dim], 0) /
-          selected_atoms.length}
-          {@const centroid = [avg(0), avg(1), avg(2)] as Vec3}
-          <!-- Invisible mesh at centroid for TransformControls to manipulate.
-               During drag, use frozen_centroid so Svelte doesn't override TransformControls
-               with the wrapped centroid (which jumps on PBC boundary crossings). -->
-          <T.Mesh
-            position={frozen_centroid ?? centroid}
-            bind:ref={transform_object}
-          >
-            <T.SphereGeometry args={[0.01, 4, 4]} />
-            <T.MeshBasicMaterial transparent opacity={0} />
-          </T.Mesh>
-          <extras.TransformControls
-            object={transform_object}
-            translationSnap={0.1}
-            size={1.2}
-            space="world"
-            onobjectChange={() => {
-              if (!transform_object?.position || !drag_start_centroid) return
-              const { x: tx, y: ty, z: tz } = transform_object.position
-              const delta: Vec3 = [
-                tx - drag_start_centroid[0],
-                ty - drag_start_centroid[1],
-                tz - drag_start_centroid[2],
-              ]
-              // Update reference point so deltas are incremental, not cumulative.
-              // Without this, each frame compounds: sites already moved by previous
-              // delta get the full cumulative delta re-applied.
-              drag_start_centroid = [tx, ty, tz]
-              on_sites_moved?.(selected_sites, delta)
-            }}
-            onmouseDown={() => {
-              dragging_atoms = true
-              drag_start_centroid = frozen_centroid = [...centroid] as Vec3
-              on_operation_start?.()
-            }}
-            onmouseUp={() => {
-              dragging_atoms = false
-              frozen_centroid = null
-              drag_start_centroid = null
-            }}
-          />
-        {/if}
-      {/if}
-
-      <!-- Invisible plane for click-to-place atom in add-atom mode -->
-      <!-- Uses onBeforeRender to orient normal toward camera so raycasts always hit -->
-      {#if measure_mode === `edit-atoms` && add_atom_mode}
-        {@const center = rotation_target ?? [0, 0, 0]}
-        <T.Mesh
-          position={center}
-          onBeforeRender={(mesh: Mesh) => {
-            if (camera) {
-              mesh.lookAt(camera.position)
-            }
-          }}
-          onclick={(event: { point: { x: number; y: number; z: number } }) => {
-            const { x, y, z } = event.point
-            on_add_atom?.([x, y, z] as Vec3, add_element as ElementSymbol)
-          }}
-        >
-          <T.PlaneGeometry
-            args={[
-              Math.max(200, structure_size * 4),
-              Math.max(200, structure_size * 4),
-            ]}
-          />
-          <T.MeshBasicMaterial transparent opacity={0} side={2} depthWrite={false} />
-        </T.Mesh>
-      {/if}
-
-      <!-- Isosurface rendering from volumetric data (CHGCAR, .cube files) -->
-      {#if volumetric_data && isosurface_settings}
-        <Isosurface volume={volumetric_data} settings={isosurface_settings} />
-      {/if}
-
-      <!-- Measurement overlays for measured sites -->
-      {#if structure?.sites && (measured_sites?.length ?? 0) > 0}
-        {#if measure_mode === `distance`}
-          {#each measured_sites as idx_i, loop_idx (idx_i)}
-            {#each measured_sites.slice(loop_idx + 1) as idx_j (idx_i + `-` + idx_j)}
-              {@const site_i = structure.sites[idx_i]}
-              {@const site_j = structure.sites[idx_j]}
-              {@const pos_i = site_i.xyz}
-              {@const pos_j = site_j.xyz}
-              <Cylinder
-                from={pos_i}
-                to={pos_j}
-                thickness={0.12}
-                color={measure_line_color}
-              />
-              {@const midpoint = [
-          (pos_i[0] + pos_j[0]) / 2,
-          (pos_i[1] + pos_j[1]) / 2,
-          (pos_i[2] + pos_j[2]) / 2,
-        ] as Vec3}
-              {@const direct = math.euclidean_dist(pos_i, pos_j)}
-              {@const pbc = lattice
-          ? measure.distance_pbc(pos_i, pos_j, lattice.matrix)
-          : direct}
-              {@const differ = lattice ? Math.abs(pbc - direct) > 1e-6 : false}
-              <extras.HTML center position={midpoint}>
-                <span class="measure-label">
-                  {#if differ}
-                    PBC: {format_num(pbc, float_fmt)} Å<br /><small>
-                      Direct: {format_num(direct, float_fmt)} Å</small>
-                  {:else}
-                    {format_num(pbc, float_fmt)} Å
-                  {/if}
-                </span>
-              </extras.HTML>
-            {/each}
-          {/each}
-        {:else if measure_mode === `angle` && measured_sites.length >= 3}
-          {#each measured_sites as idx_center (idx_center)}
-            {@const center = structure.sites[idx_center]}
-            {#each measured_sites.filter((idx) => idx !== idx_center) as
-              idx_a,
-              loop_idx
-              (idx_center + `-` + idx_a)
-            }
-              {#each measured_sites.filter((idx) => idx !== idx_center).slice(loop_idx + 1) as
-                idx_b
-                (idx_center + `-` + idx_a + `-` + idx_b)
-              }
-                {@const site_a = structure.sites[idx_a]}
-                {@const site_b = structure.sites[idx_b]}
-                {@const v1 = measure.displacement_pbc(center.xyz, site_a.xyz, lattice?.matrix)}
-                {@const v2 = measure.displacement_pbc(center.xyz, site_b.xyz, lattice?.matrix)}
-                {@const n1 = Math.hypot(v1[0], v1[1], v1[2])}
-                {@const n2 = Math.hypot(v2[0], v2[1], v2[2])}
-                {@const angle_deg = measure.angle_between_vectors(v1, v2, `degrees`)}
-                {#if n1 > math.EPS && n2 > math.EPS}
-                  <!-- draw rays from center to the two sites -->
-                  <Cylinder
-                    from={center.xyz}
-                    to={site_a.xyz}
-                    thickness={0.05}
-                    color={measure_line_color}
-                  />
-                  <Cylinder
-                    from={center.xyz}
-                    to={site_b.xyz}
-                    thickness={0.05}
-                    color={measure_line_color}
-                  />
-                  {@const bisector = math.add(math.scale(v1, 1 / n1), math.scale(v2, 1 / n2))}
-                  {@const bis_norm = Math.hypot(...bisector) || 1}
-                  {@const offset_dir = math.scale(bisector, 1 / bis_norm)}
-                  {@const label_pos = math.add(center.xyz, math.scale(offset_dir, 0.6))}
-                  <extras.HTML center position={label_pos}>
-                    <span class="measure-label">{format_num(angle_deg, float_fmt)}°</span>
-                  </extras.HTML>
-                {/if}
-              {/each}
-            {/each}
-          {/each}
-        {/if}
-      {/if}
-    </T.Group>
-  </T.Group>
-</T.Group>
-
-<style>
-  :global(.structure .responsive-gizmo) {
-    width: clamp(70px, 18cqmin, 100px) !important;
-    height: clamp(70px, 18cqmin, 100px) !important;
-  }
-  .atom-label {
-    background: var(--struct-atom-label-bg, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1));
-    border: 0;
-    border-radius: var(--struct-atom-label-border-radius, var(--border-radius, 3pt));
-    color: inherit;
-    cursor: pointer;
-    font: inherit;
-    padding: var(--struct-atom-label-padding, 0 3px);
-    white-space: nowrap;
-  }
-  .elements {
-    margin-bottom: var(--canvas-tooltip-elements-margin);
-  }
-  .occupancy {
-    font-size: var(--canvas-tooltip-occu-font-size);
-    opacity: var(--canvas-tooltip-occu-opacity);
-    margin-right: var(--canvas-tooltip-occu-margin);
-  }
-  .elem-name {
-    font-size: var(--canvas-tooltip-elem-name-font-size, 0.85em);
-    opacity: var(--canvas-tooltip-elem-name-opacity, 0.7);
-    margin: var(--canvas-tooltip-elem-name-margin, 0 0 0 0.3em);
-    font-weight: var(--canvas-tooltip-elem-name-font-weight, normal);
-  }
-  .coordinates {
-    font-size: var(--canvas-tooltip-coords-font-size);
-    margin: var(--canvas-tooltip-coords-margin);
-  }
-  .measure-label {
-    background: var(--measure-label-bg, var(--surface-bg));
-    color: var(--measure-label-color, var(--text-color));
-    border-radius: var(--border-radius, 3pt);
-    padding: 0 5px;
-    user-select: none;
-    white-space: pre;
-    display: grid;
-    place-items: center;
-    line-height: 1.2;
-    font-size: var(--canvas-tooltip-font-size, clamp(8pt, 2cqmin, 18pt));
-    box-shadow: var(--measure-label-shadow, 0 1px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2));
-  }
-  .bond-context-menu {
-    display: grid;
-    min-width: 8rem;
-    gap: 2pt;
-    padding: 3pt 5pt;
-    border-radius: var(--border-radius, 3pt);
-    background: var(--surface-bg, Canvas);
-    color: var(--text-color, currentColor);
-    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
-    pointer-events: auto;
-    strong {
-      font-size: 0.85em;
-      padding: 0 2pt 2pt;
-      white-space: nowrap;
-    }
-    button {
-      border: none;
-      border-radius: var(--border-radius, 3pt);
-      background: transparent;
-      color: inherit;
-      cursor: pointer;
-      padding: 2pt 5pt;
-      text-align: left;
-    }
-    button:hover {
-      background: color-mix(in srgb, currentColor 10%, transparent);
-    }
-    button.remove {
-      color: var(--error-color, #f44336);
-    }
-  }
-  .selection-label {
-    display: inline-flex;
-    align-items: center;
-    justify-content: center;
-    min-width: 1.2em;
-    height: 1.2em;
-    padding: 0 0.25em;
-    border-radius: 999px;
-    background: var(--pane-btn-bg-hover);
-    color: var(--struct-text-color);
-    font-size: 0.85em;
-    line-height: 1;
-    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
-  }
-</style>