littlejsengine 1.22.0 → 1.23.0

package/plugins/render3dExtras.js

@@ -1058,6 +1058,9 @@ class ParticleEmitter3D extends EngineObject3D
         /** @property {boolean} - Particles hit the level, the height maps and voxel maps, bouncing by restitution and
          *  sliding along by friction; off by default, it tests each particle's move against the level every frame */
         this.collideLevel = false;
+        /** @property {number} - How much a particle grips where it lands, 0 to 1: its speed along the surface is
+         *  cut by this much on each hit, on top of the friction, 1 stops it there */
+        this.stick = 0;
         /** @property {Particle3DCallback|undefined} - Called with each particle as it is made
          *  @type {Particle3DCallback|undefined} */
         this.particleCreateCallback = undefined;
@@ -1077,7 +1080,7 @@ class ParticleEmitter3D extends EngineObject3D
         /** @property {Vector3|undefined} - Where the emitter was at its last update, for when its parent is destroyed
          *  @type {Vector3|undefined} */
         this.worldPos3D = undefined;
-        this.emitTimeBuffer = 0;
+        this.emitTimeBuffer = 1; // the first particle comes at once, as the 2D emitter's does
     }
 
     /** Spawn new particles, move the live ones, and go away when done */
@@ -1094,9 +1097,10 @@ class ParticleEmitter3D extends EngineObject3D
         {
             // a rate of zero is an emitter fed by hand, and the global scale only quiets it,
             // neither is a reason to stop counting down the emit time
-            if (this.emitRate && particleEmitRateScale)
+            const rate = this.emitRate * particleEmitRateScale;
+            if (rate > 0 && rate < Infinity)
             {
-                this.emitTimeBuffer += this.emitRate * particleEmitRateScale * timeDelta;
+                this.emitTimeBuffer += rate * timeDelta;
                 for (; this.emitTimeBuffer >= 1; --this.emitTimeBuffer)
                     this.emitParticle();
             }
@@ -1136,7 +1140,9 @@ class ParticleEmitter3D extends EngineObject3D
             const vz = data[k+5] = data[k+5] * damping + gravityZ;
             data[k] += vx, data[k+1] += vy, data[k+2] += vz;
             data[k+18] += data[k+19] *= angleDamping;
-            collideLevel && (this.particleCollide(k, data[k] - vx, data[k+1] - vy, data[k+2] - vz), reread());
+            // true when its collide callback destroyed it, it has had its last callback but the destroy one
+            const gone = collideLevel && this.particleCollide(k, data[k] - vx, data[k+1] - vy, data[k+2] - vz);
+            collideLevel && reread();
             const t = i * trailMax * 3;
             if (trailMax)
             {
@@ -1148,7 +1154,7 @@ class ParticleEmitter3D extends EngineObject3D
                 trail[j] = data[k], trail[j+1] = data[k+1], trail[j+2] = data[k+2];
                 data[k+20] = n + 1;
             }
-            updateCallback && (this.particleCall(updateCallback, k), reread());
+            updateCallback && !gone && (this.particleCall(updateCallback, k), reread());
             if ((data[k+17] += timeDelta) >= data[k+16])
             {
                 // dead: the last particle takes its slot, trail and all, order does not matter
@@ -1250,13 +1256,14 @@ class ParticleEmitter3D extends EngineObject3D
         out[k] = view.pos.x, out[k+1] = view.pos.y, out[k+2] = view.pos.z;
         out[k+3] = view.velocity.x, out[k+4] = view.velocity.y, out[k+5] = view.velocity.z;
         if (view.destroyed)
-            out[k+17] = max(out[k+17], out[k+16] - timeDelta); // aged past its life this update
+            out[k+17] = max(out[k+17], out[k+16]); // its life lived: a step short of it can round to just under
         return result;
     }
 
     // stop the particle at k where its last move went into the level, from where it was: back at the surface, a hair
     // off it, its speed into it turned around by restitution and its speed along it kept by friction, unless the
-    // collide callback lets it through; one that starts inside is let go, as a 2D one is
+    // collide callback lets it through; one that starts inside is let go, as a 2D one is; true when the callback
+    // destroyed it
     particleCollide(k, x, y, z)
     {
         let data = this.particleData;
@@ -1269,18 +1276,21 @@ class ParticleEmitter3D extends EngineObject3D
             if (h && (!hit || h.distance < hit.distance))
                 hit = h, level = l;
         }
-        if (!hit) return;
+        if (!hit) return false;
         const point = from.lerp(to, hit.distance);
         const callback = this.particleCollideCallback;
         if (callback && (!this.particleCall(callback, k, level, point.copy()) || this.particleView.destroyed))
-            return; // let through, or destroyed by the callback
+            return this.particleView.destroyed; // let through, or destroyed by the callback
         data = this.particleData; // as the callback left it, an emit may have grown it
 
         const n = hit.normal, v = vec3(data[k+3], data[k+4], data[k+5]), into = n.scale(v.dot(n));
-        const restitution = max(this.restitution, level.restitution), friction = max(this.friction, level.friction);
+        // the larger friction of the two, as objects take it, then the emitter's own grip, which a level can not undo
+        const restitution = max(this.restitution, level.restitution);
+        const friction = max(this.friction, level.friction) * (1 - clamp(this.stick));
         const out = v.subtract(into).scale(friction).subtract(into.scale(restitution)), p = point.add(n.scale(1e-3));
         data[k] = p.x, data[k+1] = p.y, data[k+2] = p.z;
         data[k+3] = out.x, data[k+4] = out.y, data[k+5] = out.z;
+        return false;
     }
 
     /** Draw the particles, as flat squares or as streaks when trailTime is set
@@ -1544,6 +1554,11 @@ class LensFlare3D extends EngineObject3D
          *  height; shape is glow, disc or ring
          *  @type {Array<{at: number, size: number, color: Color, shape: string}>|undefined} */
         this.elements = undefined;
+        /** @property {Light3D|undefined} - A light the flare is of in place of the sun, a lamp or a spotlight: the
+         *  flare is at the light and in its color, smaller from farther than the light reaches, hidden by what is
+         *  in front of the light, and a spotlight's shows from inside its beam only
+         *  @type {Light3D|undefined} */
+        this.light = undefined;
         /** @property {boolean} - Fade out when something is between the camera and the sun */
         this.occlusion = true;
         /** @property {number} - Seconds the flare takes to fade out or in when the sun is hidden or shows again */
@@ -1582,13 +1597,30 @@ class LensFlare3D extends EngineObject3D
         return this.made;
     }
 
-    /** Where the sun is on the screen, in pixels like mousePosScreen, undefined when it is behind the camera
+    // what the flare is of, seen from the camera: the way to it, how far it is, Infinity for the sun, and a point
+    // to find it on the screen by; undefined with no sun direction, or a light that is gone or at the camera
+    flareSource()
+    {
+        const camera = render3D.camera.pos, light = this.light;
+        if (!light)
+        {
+            const sun = render3D.sunDirection;
+            if (!sun.lengthSquared()) return;
+            const direction = sun.normalize();
+            return {direction, distance: Infinity, pos: camera.add(direction.scale(100))};
+        }
+        if (light.destroyed) return;
+        const pos = light.getWorldPos3D(), offset = pos.subtract(camera), distance = offset.length();
+        return distance ? {direction: offset.scale(1 / distance), distance, pos} : undefined;
+    }
+
+    /** Where the sun, or the flare's light, is on the screen, in pixels like mousePosScreen, undefined when it is
+     *  behind the camera
      *  @return {Vector2|undefined} */
     getSunScreenPos()
     {
-        const direction = render3D.sunDirection;
-        if (!direction.lengthSquared()) return;
-        return render3D.worldToScreen(render3D.camera.pos.add(direction.normalize(100)));
+        const source = this.flareSource();
+        return source && render3D.worldToScreen(source.pos);
     }
 
     /** The parts of the flare as they are drawn now: each one's place on the screen, its size in pixels and its
@@ -1602,7 +1634,19 @@ class LensFlare3D extends EngineObject3D
         const off = max(abs(sun.x - center.x) / center.x, abs(sun.y - center.y) / center.y);
         const strength = this.visible * clamp((1.3 - off) / .5) * this.intensity;
         if (!(strength > 0)) return [];
-        const tint = this.color.multiply(render3D.sunColor), height = mainCanvasSize.y * this.flareSize;
+        let tint = this.color.multiply(render3D.sunColor), height = mainCanvasSize.y * this.flareSize;
+        const light = this.light, source = light && this.flareSource();
+        if (light)
+        {
+            if (!source) return [];
+            // a light's flare is the light's color, as bright as the light up to 1, and only from inside its cone
+            const cone = render3DLightCone(light), d = source.direction;
+            const inCone = clamp(-(cone[0] * d.x + cone[1] * d.y + cone[2] * d.z) - cone[3]);
+            const c = light.color, bright = c.a * clamp(light.intensity) * inCone;
+            if (!(bright > 0)) return [];
+            tint = this.color.multiply(rgb(c.r, c.g, c.b, bright));
+            height *= min(1, light.radius / source.distance); // smaller from farther than it reaches
+        }
         return this.getElements().map((e)=>
         {
             const c = e.color.multiply(tint);
@@ -1612,15 +1656,32 @@ class LensFlare3D extends EngineObject3D
         });
     }
 
-    /** Is something between the camera and the sun: the level, or an object that is not see through
+    /** Is something between the camera and the sun, or the flare's light: the level, or an object that is not see
+     *  through
      *  @return {boolean} */
     isSunHidden()
     {
-        const direction = render3D.sunDirection;
-        if (!direction.lengthSquared()) return true;
-        const blockers = engineObjects.filter((o)=> o !== this && o instanceof EngineObject3D && !o.transparent &&
-            !o.additive);
-        return !!render3D.pick(new Ray3D(render3D.camera.pos, direction.normalize()), blockers);
+        const source = this.flareSource();
+        if (!source) return true;
+        const ray = new Ray3D(render3D.camera.pos, source.direction), reach = source.distance;
+        const blockers = engineObjects.filter((o)=> o !== this && o instanceof EngineObject3D && !o.destroyed &&
+            !o.transparent && !o.additive);
+        // a voxel map says block by block what is see through: glass, water and leaves let the sun by, and the
+        // ray goes on to the blocks behind them
+        const maps = /** @type {Array<VoxelMap>} */ (typeof VoxelMap == 'undefined' ? [] :
+            blockers.filter((o)=> o instanceof VoxelMap));
+        for (const map of maps)
+            if (map.raycast(ray, reach, (type)=> !map.blockType(type).seeThrough))
+                return true;
+        // an object is hit by its box, and a box the camera is inside, a room, a wide floor or the player's own
+        // body, says nothing of what is in the way: the ray the other way hits it too, and it is left out; so is
+        // one the light is inside, its lamp
+        const backward = ray.direction.scale(-1), back = new Ray3D(ray.origin, backward);
+        const lamp = this.light && [new Ray3D(source.pos, ray.direction), new Ray3D(source.pos, backward)];
+        const hits = (r, o)=> render3DRaycastObject(r, o) !== undefined;
+        const around = (o)=> !(o instanceof HeightMap) && (hits(back, o) || lamp && hits(lamp[0], o) && hits(lamp[1], o));
+        const hit = render3D.pick(ray, blockers.filter((o)=> !maps.some((map)=> map === o) && !around(o)));
+        return !!hit && hit.distance < reach;
     }
 
     /** Ease visible toward whether the sun shows, called automatically each frame */

package/plugins/render3dLevel.js

@@ -78,7 +78,10 @@ function level3DAddMesh(name, mesh, tileInfo, color=WHITE)
  *    returned, see level3DVoxelSetup for its sheet
  *  - A level may hold a terrain, in a terrain block: pos, its center, size, its size in the world along x and z,
  *    height, how tall a full height is, color, and heights, rows of 0 to 1 from -z to +z, each from -x to +x; it
- *    is made a HeightMap, returned with what else was made
+ *    is made a HeightMap, returned with what else was made; paint, when it has it, colors its samples: colors, a
+ *    list, and cells, runs of a count and a color along the rows, 0 for the terrain's own and 1 the list's first
+ *  - A level may hold prefabs of its own, in a prefabs block, each by its name as level3DAddPrefab takes it; they
+ *    are added before its objects are made, one the game added itself keeps its place
  *  - A level may set the scene too, in a scene block beside its objects: sky, three colors for straight up, the
  *    horizon and straight down, ambient, how much of them lights the scene, .5 when not given, sunDirection and
  *    sunColor, fog, its start and end, fogColor, the horizon color when not given, and shadows; what the block
@@ -91,6 +94,7 @@ function level3DLoad(level)
     ASSERT(!!level && typeof level === 'object', 'a level is an object, {} for a new one');
     ASSERT(!(level.littlejs3D > LEVEL3D_VERSION), 'the level was made by a newer LittleJS');
     editor3DLevelLoaded(level); // debug builds: the 3D editor takes the level, its autosaved edits go in first
+    level3DPrefabsAdd(level.prefabs);
     level3DSceneApply(level.scene);
     const made = [], map = level3DVoxelMap = level3DVoxelsMake(level.voxels);
     map && made.push(map);
@@ -201,14 +205,49 @@ function level3DTerrainShape(terrain)
         height: isNumber(terrain.height) && terrain.height > 0 ? terrain.height : 1, heights};
 }
 
+// a hex color of a level as a Color, undefined when it is not one
+function level3DHexColor(hex)
+{ return /^#([0-9a-f]{6}|[0-9a-f]{8})$/i.test(hex) ? new Color().setHex(hex) : undefined; }
+
+// the paint of a level's terrain block, for a terrain of so many samples: its colors as they are written and a
+// color for each sample, row after row, 0 for none and 1 the first of the colors; undefined when it has none or
+// it does not fit the terrain
+function level3DTerrainPaint(terrain, samples)
+{
+    const paint = terrain?.paint, colors = paint?.colors, runs = paint?.cells;
+    if (!isArray(colors) || !isArray(runs) || colors.length > 255 || !colors.every(level3DHexColor)) return;
+    const cells = new Uint8Array(samples);
+    let at = 0;
+    for (let i = 0; i < runs.length; i += 2)
+    {
+        const count = runs[i], color = runs[i + 1];
+        if (!(count > 0 && count % 1 === 0 && color >= 0 && color % 1 === 0) || color > colors.length ||
+            at + count > samples) return;
+        cells.fill(color, at, at += count);
+    }
+    return at === samples ? {colors: colors.slice(), cells} : undefined;
+}
+
+// give a terrain's map the colors of its block: its own color over the whole of it, or with paint a color for
+// each sample, the terrain's own where it is not painted; the caller builds the map again
+function level3DTerrainSetColors(map, terrain, paint=level3DTerrainPaint(terrain, map.rows * map.columns))
+{
+    const base = level3DHexColor(terrain.color) || WHITE;
+    map.color = base, map.colors = undefined;
+    if (!paint || !paint.cells.some((v)=> v)) return;
+    const palette = [base, ...paint.colors.map(level3DHexColor)];
+    map.color = WHITE;
+    map.colors = map.heights.map((row, r)=> row.map((v, c)=> palette[paint.cells[r * map.columns + c]] || base));
+}
+
 // the HeightMap of a level's terrain block, undefined when it has none or it is wrong
 function level3DTerrainMake(terrain)
 {
     const shape = level3DTerrainShape(terrain);
     if (!shape || typeof HeightMap == 'undefined') return;
     const map = new HeightMap(shape.heights, shape.size, shape.height, undefined, shape.pos);
-    if (/^#([0-9a-f]{6}|[0-9a-f]{8})$/i.test(terrain.color))
-        map.color = new Color().setHex(terrain.color);
+    level3DTerrainSetColors(map, terrain);
+    map.colors && map.rebuild();
     return map;
 }
 
@@ -281,6 +320,14 @@ function level3DProperties(type, object)
 // make one object of a level from the type added for its name, undefined when there is no such type or it made
 // nothing
 function level3DMake(object)
+{
+    return level3DMakeAt(object, level3DVector(object.pos, vec3()),
+        level3DVector(object.rotation, vec3()).scale(PI / 180), level3DVector(object.scale, vec3(1)));
+}
+
+// make a level object's game object at a place, a rotation in radians and a scale, its own as level3DMake gives
+// them or the ones a prefab's instance puts it at
+function level3DMakeAt(object, pos, rotation, scale)
 {
     const type = level3DTypes.get(object.type);
     if (!type)
@@ -288,7 +335,7 @@ function level3DMake(object)
         debug && console.warn(`level3DLoad: no type added for ${object.type}, skipped`);
         return;
     }
-    const pos = level3DVector(object.pos, vec3()), properties = level3DProperties(type, object);
+    const properties = level3DProperties(type, object);
     const {make} = type, count = engineObjects.length;
     let result;
     try { result = make.prototype ? new make(pos, properties) : make(pos, properties); }
@@ -306,16 +353,263 @@ function level3DMake(object)
     if (result instanceof EngineObject3D)
     {
         level3DBaseScale.set(result, result.scale3D.copy());
-        result.rotation3D = level3DVector(object.rotation, vec3()).scale(PI / 180);
-        result.scale3D = result.scale3D.multiply(level3DVector(object.scale, vec3(1)));
+        result.rotation3D = rotation.copy();
+        result.scale3D = result.scale3D.multiply(scale);
     }
 
     // the type's own properties are set on it, one the type has no default for could be a field of the engine's
     for (const key in type.defaults)
         result[key] = properties[key];
+    // a prefab's instance makes its parts now that it is where it goes
+    result instanceof Prefab3D && result.placeAt(pos);
     return result;
 }
 
+/** Make one object of a type added with level3DAddType, level3DAddMesh or level3DAddPrefab, from code, with no
+ *  level: a prefab's instance, or a plain type
+ *  @param {string} type - The type's name
+ *  @param {Vector3} [pos3D]
+ *  @param {Vector3} [rotation3D] - In radians, as an object has it
+ *  @param {Vector3} [scale3D] - Times the scale the type makes it with
+ *  @param {Object} [properties] - Over the type's defaults
+ *  @return {any} - What the type made, a Prefab3D for a prefab, undefined when there is no such type
+ *  @memberof Level3D
+ *  @example
+ *  level3DAddPrefab('House', await fetchJSON('house.json'));
+ *  level3DSpawn('House', vec3(10, 0, 0), vec3(0, PI/2, 0)); */
+function level3DSpawn(type, pos3D=vec3(), rotation3D=vec3(), scale3D=vec3(1), properties)
+{
+    ASSERT(isVector3(pos3D) && isVector3(rotation3D) && isVector3(scale3D), 'pos3D, rotation3D and scale3D are vec3');
+    return level3DMakeAt(properties ? {type, properties} : {type}, pos3D.copy(), rotation3D, scale3D);
+}
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// prefabs: a prefab is a small level, a list of objects about its own origin, placed many times
+
+// the prefabs by name: how an instance is built, its objects, fromLevel, true for one a level's own prefabs
+// block added, which one the game adds takes the place of, and source, the object it was added from, which the
+// level editor knows a level that is a prefab by
+/** @type {Map<string, {attached: boolean, objects: Array<Object>, fromLevel: boolean, source: Object}>} */
+const level3DPrefabs = new Map;
+
+// how many prefabs deep an instance being made is, a prefab that holds itself is stopped; and how many of those
+// are attached: a prefab inside an attached one is attached too, or its parts would be left behind in the world
+let level3DPrefabDepth = 0, level3DPrefabAttached = 0;
+
+/** Add a prefab: a small level, its objects placed about its own origin, to place many times under one name
+ *  - It is a type from then on: a level's object of that type, the level editor's Place list and level3DSpawn make
+ *    an instance, a Prefab3D; an instance is made of the prefab as it is then, so the level editor, where a prefab
+ *    changes, makes its instances again
+ *  - The prefab is a level as the level editor saves it, {objects: [...]}, so the editor is the prefab editor too;
+ *    only its objects are used, and they may be of other prefabs
+ *  - With attached true in it the parts are children of the instance and move with it as one body, without
+ *    collision of their own, a prefab inside it too; its handle is at the middle of the box around them and its
+ *    size3D is that box, so setCollision makes the body solid where it is seen; otherwise each part is an object of its own in the world and collides as one placed
+ *    by hand does
+ *  - Adding a name again replaces it
+ *  @param {string} name - The type its instances have in a level
+ *  @param {Object} prefab - {objects, attached}
+ *  @memberof Level3D
+ *  @example
+ *  level3DAddPrefab('Tower', {objects: [{type: 'Box', pos: [0, 1, 0], scale: [2, 2, 2]},
+ *      {type: 'Cylinder', pos: [0, 3, 0]}]});
+ *  level3DLoad({objects: [{type: 'Tower', pos: [5, 0, 5]}, {type: 'Tower', pos: [-5, 0, 5], rotation: [0, 45, 0]}]}); */
+function level3DAddPrefab(name, prefab) { level3DPrefabSet(name, prefab, false); }
+
+// add a prefab, the game's or a level's own
+function level3DPrefabSet(name, prefab, fromLevel)
+{
+    ASSERT(!!prefab && typeof prefab === 'object', 'a prefab is an object, {objects: [...]}');
+    name = String(name);
+    const objects = isArray(prefab?.objects) ? prefab.objects.filter((o)=> o && typeof o === 'object') : [];
+    // a copy, what the game or the editor does to its own afterwards does not change the instances made later
+    level3DPrefabs.set(name, {attached: !!prefab?.attached, objects: JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(objects)), fromLevel,
+        source: prefab});
+    // a class of its own, so the level editor makes its instances again as it does a class's
+    level3DTypes.set(name, {make: class extends Prefab3D { constructor(pos) { super(pos, name); } }, defaults: {},
+        tileInfo: undefined});
+}
+
+// add a level's own prefabs, each unless the game added one of that name or it is a plain type's name
+function level3DPrefabsAdd(prefabs)
+{
+    if (!prefabs || typeof prefabs !== 'object' || isArray(prefabs)) return;
+    for (const name in prefabs)
+    {
+        const known = level3DPrefabs.get(name);
+        if (known ? !known.fromLevel : level3DTypes.has(name)) continue;
+        prefabs[name] && typeof prefabs[name] === 'object' && level3DPrefabSet(name, prefabs[name], true);
+    }
+}
+
+/** Load a prefab from a file the level editor saved and add it
+ *  @param {string} name - The type its instances have in a level
+ *  @param {string} url
+ *  @return {Promise<void>}
+ *  @memberof Level3D */
+async function level3DLoadPrefab(name, url) { level3DAddPrefab(name, await fetchJSON(url)); }
+
+// where an instance puts one of its prefab's objects: the object's own place, turn and size inside the instance's
+function level3DPrefabPartTransform(instance, object)
+{
+    const pos = level3DVector(object.pos, vec3()), scale = level3DVector(object.scale, vec3(1));
+    const rotation = level3DVector(object.rotation, vec3()).scale(PI / 180);
+    // the two turns one after the other; the sizes multiply along each axis, which is exact for an instance sized
+    // evenly or a part that is not turned, and as near as a box can be otherwise
+    const turn = buildMatrix(vec3(), instance.rotation3D).multiply(buildMatrix(vec3(), rotation));
+    return {pos: buildMatrix(instance.pos3D, instance.rotation3D, instance.scale3D).transformPoint(pos),
+        rotation: turn.getRotation(), scale: scale.multiply(instance.scale3D)};
+}
+
+/**
+ * An instance of a prefab, what a prefab's type makes: a handle with no shape of its own, and its parts, what the
+ * prefab's objects made
+ * - Parts of a prefab that is not attached are objects of their own in the world: moving, turning or sizing the
+ *   handle puts them where it now says with its next update, or call placeParts; destroying it destroys them
+ * - Parts of an attached prefab are its children and move with it as one body
+ * @extends EngineObject3D
+ * @memberof Level3D
+ */
+class Prefab3D extends EngineObject3D
+{
+    /** Create an instance of a prefab, made by its type: place one with a level or level3DSpawn
+     *  @param {Vector3} [pos3D]
+     *  @param {string} [prefabName] - A prefab added with level3DAddPrefab */
+    constructor(pos3D, prefabName='')
+    {
+        super(pos3D);
+        /** @property {string} - The prefab it is an instance of */
+        this.prefabName = prefabName;
+        /** @property {boolean} - Are its parts its children, moving with it as one body */
+        this.attached = !!level3DPrefabs.get(prefabName)?.attached || level3DPrefabAttached > 0;
+        /** @property {Array<any>} - What the prefab's objects made, in the prefab's order */
+        this.parts = [];
+        /** @property {Vector3} - From the prefab's origin to the handle, in the prefab's own space: nothing for
+         *  separate parts, and for an attached prefab the middle of the box around its parts, where its handle
+         *  is, as an object's place is the middle of its body */
+        this.originOffset = vec3();
+        this.partObjects = []; // the prefab's object of each part
+        this.partsPlaced = ''; // where the handle was when its parts were last placed, undefined parts not made
+        this.partsMade = false;
+    }
+
+    /** Put the instance with its prefab's origin at a place, turned and sized as the handle is: where a level's
+     *  object or level3DSpawn says it goes; the handle of an attached prefab is then at the middle of its body
+     *  @param {Vector3} pos3D */
+    placeAt(pos3D)
+    {
+        this.pos3D = pos3D.copy();
+        this.placeParts();
+        const o = this.originOffset;
+        if (o.x || o.y || o.z)
+            this.pos3D = buildMatrix(pos3D, this.rotation3D, this.scale3D).transformPoint(o);
+    }
+
+    /** Put the parts where the handle is now, making them the first time; called by the handle's update when it
+     *  has moved, turned or changed size */
+    placeParts()
+    {
+        if (this.destroyed) return;
+        this.partsMade ||= (this.makeParts(), true);
+        this.partsPlaced = this.placeKey();
+        if (this.attached) return; // children follow by themselves
+        this.parts.forEach((part, i)=>
+        {
+            if (!(part instanceof EngineObject3D)) return; // what a function made is where it was made
+            const to = level3DPrefabPartTransform(this, this.partObjects[i]);
+            part.rotation3D = to.rotation;
+            part.scale3D = (level3DBaseScale.get(part) ?? vec3(1)).multiply(to.scale);
+            // a prefab inside this one goes by its origin, which is not where an attached one's handle is
+            part instanceof Prefab3D ? part.placeAt(to.pos) : part.pos3D = to.pos;
+        });
+    }
+
+    // the handle's place, turn and size as one text, to tell when it has changed
+    placeKey()
+    {
+        const p = this.pos3D, r = this.rotation3D, s = this.scale3D;
+        return [p.x, p.y, p.z, r.x, r.y, r.z, s.x, s.y, s.z].join();
+    }
+
+    // make the parts, each where the instance puts it, or attached at its own place inside the instance
+    makeParts()
+    {
+        const prefab = level3DPrefabs.get(this.prefabName);
+        if (!prefab) return;
+        if (level3DPrefabDepth >= 8)
+        {
+            debug && console.error(`level3DLoad: the prefab ${this.prefabName} holds itself, left out there`);
+            return;
+        }
+        ++level3DPrefabDepth;
+        this.attached && ++level3DPrefabAttached;
+        try
+        {
+            const low = vec3(Infinity), high = vec3(-Infinity), children = [];
+            for (const object of prefab.objects)
+            {
+                const local = {pos: level3DVector(object.pos, vec3()), scale: level3DVector(object.scale, vec3(1)),
+                    rotation: level3DVector(object.rotation, vec3()).scale(PI / 180)};
+                const at = this.attached ? local : level3DPrefabPartTransform(this, object);
+                const part = level3DMakeAt(object, at.pos, at.rotation, at.scale);
+                if (!part) continue; // level3DMakeAt gives an object or nothing
+                this.parts.push(part);
+                this.partObjects.push(object);
+                if (!this.attached || !(part instanceof EngineObject3D)) continue;
+                // a child rides with its parent and has no collision of its own
+                part.setCollision(false, false, false);
+                children.push(part);
+                // the corners of its box as it is turned; its place is its middle, a prefab inside this one too
+                const box = buildMatrix(part.pos3D, part.rotation3D, part.size3D.multiply(part.scale3D));
+                for (let i = 8; i--;)
+                {
+                    const p = box.transformPoint(vec3(i & 1 ? .5 : -.5, i & 2 ? .5 : -.5, i & 4 ? .5 : -.5));
+                    for (const k of ['x', 'y', 'z'])
+                        low[k] = min(low[k], p[k]), high[k] = max(high[k], p[k]);
+                }
+            }
+            // an attached instance is the box around its parts, its handle at the middle of it as an object's
+            // place is the middle of its body, so a game that makes it solid has it solid where it is seen
+            if (children.length)
+            {
+                this.size3D = high.subtract(low);
+                this.originOffset = low.add(high).scale(.5);
+            }
+            for (const part of children)
+            {
+                part.pos3D = part.pos3D.subtract(this.originOffset);
+                this.addChild(part);
+            }
+        }
+        finally
+        {
+            --level3DPrefabDepth;
+            this.attached && --level3DPrefabAttached;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Keep the parts with the handle, called automatically each frame */
+    update()
+    {
+        super.update();
+        if (!this.attached && this.partsPlaced !== this.placeKey())
+            this.placeParts();
+    }
+
+    /** Destroy the instance and its parts
+     *  @param {boolean} [immediate] */
+    destroy(immediate)
+    {
+        if (this.destroyed) return;
+        for (const part of this.parts)
+            part.parent === this || part.destroy?.(immediate); // children go with their parent
+        super.destroy(immediate);
+    }
+
+    /** A prefab's instance has nothing of its own to draw */
+    render3D() {}
+}
+
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // the built-in types
 

package/src/engine.js

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ const engineName = 'LittleJS';
  *  @type {string}
  *  @default
  *  @memberof Engine */
-const engineVersion = '1.22.0';
+const engineVersion = '1.23.0';
 
 /** Frames per second to update
  *  @type {number}

package/src/engineAudio.js

@@ -233,10 +233,9 @@ class Sound
         ASSERT(isNumber(range), 'range must be a number');
         ASSERT(isNumber(taper), 'taper must be a number');
 
-        /** @property {number} - World space max range of sound */
         this.range = range;
         /** @property {boolean} - No range was given, so it got soundDefaultRange; played in 3D such a sound is heard
-         *  to render3D.soundDefaultRange instead, which is further */
+         *  to render3D.soundDefaultRange instead, which is further; setting range makes it false */
         this.rangeIsDefault = rangeIsDefault;
         /** @property {number} - At what percentage of range should it start tapering */
         this.taper = taper;
@@ -292,6 +291,15 @@ class Sound
         }
     }
 
+    /** World space max range of sound, 0 for no limit; a range that is set is the sound's own, in 3D too
+     *  @type {number} */
+    get range() { return this.rangeValue; }
+    set range(range)
+    {
+        this.rangeValue = range;
+        this.rangeIsDefault = false;
+    }
+
     /** Sample data for each channel
      *  Sounds keep their samples in an audio buffer, so reading this rebuilds
      *  the arrays from it and caches them. The copies are safe to hold onto,

package/src/engineBuild.mjs

@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ const enginePluginFiles =
     `${PLUGIN_FOLDER}/textureSheet.js`,
     `${PLUGIN_FOLDER}/tweenSystem.js`,
     `${PLUGIN_FOLDER}/sceneSystem.js`,
+    `${PLUGIN_FOLDER}/parallax.js`,
     `${PLUGIN_FOLDER}/pathFinder.js`,
     `${PLUGIN_FOLDER}/math3d.js`,
     `${PLUGIN_FOLDER}/render3d.js`,

package/src/engineDraw.js

@@ -496,17 +496,29 @@ class SpriteAnimator
      *  @return {SpriteAnimation} */
     get clip() { return this.clips[this.name]; }
 
+    /** The clip showing now, once a clip that has ended has called its onEnd: the callback may switch clips, and a
+     *  read gives the clip it switched to, not the one that ended
+     *  @return {SpriteAnimation}
+     *  @ignore */
+    get settledClip()
+    {
+        // each clip's own isDone calls its onEnd once; a few switches in a row at most
+        for (let i = 4, clip; i-- && clip !== this.clip;)
+            (clip = this.clip).isDone;
+        return this.clip;
+    }
+
     /** The tile of the frame showing now
      *  @return {TileInfo} */
-    get tileInfo() { return this.clip.tileInfo; }
+    get tileInfo() { return this.settledClip.tileInfo; }
 
     /** The frame of the clip showing now
      *  @return {number} */
-    get frame() { return this.clip.frame; }
+    get frame() { return this.settledClip.frame; }
 
     /** True once the clip showing now is a play that has ended
      *  @return {boolean} */
-    get isDone() { return this.clip.isDone; }
+    get isDone() { return this.settledClip.isDone; }
 }
 
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////