littlejsengine 1.15.2 → 1.15.8

package/dist/littlejs.release.js

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ const engineName = 'LittleJS';
  *  @type {string}
  *  @default
  *  @memberof Engine */
-const engineVersion = '1.15.2';
+const engineVersion = '1.15.8';
 
 /** Frames per second to update
  *  @type {number}
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ async function engineInit(gameInit, gameUpdate, gameUpdatePost, gameRender, game
                 o.destroyed || o.render();
             gameRenderPost();
             pluginList.forEach(plugin=>plugin.render?.());
-            touchGamepadRender();
+            inputRender();
             debugRender();
             glFlush();
             debugVideoCaptureUpdate();
@@ -600,7 +600,7 @@ function drawEngineSplashScreen(t)
         C ? x.fill() : x.stroke();
     };
     const color = (c=0, l=0) =>
-        hsl([.98,.3,.57,.14][c%4]-10,.8,[0,.3,.5,.8,.9][l]).toString();
+        hsl([.98,.3,.57,.14][c%4],.8,[0,.3,.5,.8,.9][l]).toString();
     const alpha = wave(1,1,t);
     const p = percent(alpha, .1, .5);
 
@@ -1383,9 +1383,15 @@ class Vector2
     {
         this.x = x;
         this.y = y;
+        ASSERT_VECTOR2_VALID(this);
         return this;
     }
 
+    /** Sets this vector from another vector and returns self
+     *  @param {Vector2} v - other vector
+     *  @return {Vector2} */
+    setFrom(v) { return this.set(v.x, v.y); }
+
     /** Returns a new vector that is a copy of this
      *  @return {Vector2} */
     copy() { return new Vector2(this.x, this.y); }
@@ -1448,7 +1454,7 @@ class Vector2
     clampLength(length=1)
     {
         const l = this.length();
-        return l > length ? this.scale(length/l) : this;
+        return l > length ? this.scale(length/l) : this.copy();
     }
 
     /** Returns the dot product of this and the vector passed in
@@ -1535,6 +1541,10 @@ class Vector2
      * @return {number} */
     area() { return abs(this.x * this.y); }
 
+    /** Returns true if this vector is (0,0)
+     * @return {boolean} */
+    isZero() { return !this.x && !this.y; }
+
     /** Returns a new vector that is p percent between this and the vector passed in
      * @param {Vector2} v - other vector
      * @param {number}  percent
@@ -1645,9 +1655,15 @@ class Color
         this.g = g;
         this.b = b;
         this.a = a;
+        ASSERT_COLOR_VALID(this);
         return this;
     }
 
+    /** Sets this color from another color and returns self
+     * @param {Color} c - other color
+     * @return {Color} */
+    setFrom(c) { return this.set(c.r, c.g, c.b, c.a); }
+
     /** Returns a new color that is a copy of this
      * @return {Color} */
     copy() { return new Color(this.r, this.g, this.b, this.a); }
@@ -2199,17 +2215,17 @@ let touchGamepadEnable = false;
  *  @memberof Settings */
 let touchGamepadCenterButton = true;
 
-/** True if touch gamepad should be analog stick or false to use if 8 way dpad
- *  @type {boolean}
+/** Number of buttons on touch gamepad (0-4), if 1 also acts as right analog stick
+ *  @type {number}
  *  @default
  *  @memberof Settings */
-let touchGamepadAnalog = true;
+let touchGamepadButtonCount = 4;
 
-/** Number of buttons on touch gamepad
- *  @type {number}
+/** True if touch gamepad should be analog stick or false to use if 8 way dpad
+ *  @type {boolean}
  *  @default
  *  @memberof Settings */
-let touchGamepadButtonCount = 4;
+let touchGamepadAnalog = true;
 
 /** Size of virtual gamepad for touch devices in pixels
  *  @type {number}
@@ -2475,6 +2491,11 @@ function setTouchGamepadEnable(enable) { touchGamepadEnable = enable; }
  *  @memberof Settings */
 function setTouchGamepadCenterButton(enable) { touchGamepadCenterButton = enable; }
 
+/** Set number of buttons on touch gamepad (0-4), if 1 also acts as right analog stick
+ *  @param {number} count
+ *  @memberof Settings */
+function setTouchGamepadButtonCount(count) { touchGamepadButtonCount = count; }
+
 /** Set if touch gamepad should be analog stick or 8 way dpad
  *  @param {boolean} analog
  *  @memberof Settings */
@@ -2683,7 +2704,7 @@ class EngineObject
             child.updateTransforms();
     }
 
-    /** Update the object physics, called automatically by engine once each frame */
+    /** Update the object physics, called automatically by engine once each frame. Can be overridden to stop or change how physics works for an object. */
     updatePhysics()
     {
         // child objects do not have physics
@@ -2716,7 +2737,7 @@ class EngineObject
         if (!enablePhysicsSolver || !this.mass) // don't do collision for static objects
             return;
 
-        const wasMovingDown = this.velocity.y < 0;
+        const wasFalling = this.velocity.y < 0 && gravity.y < 0 || this.velocity.y > 0 && gravity.y > 0;
         if (this.groundObject)
         {
             // apply friction in local space of ground object
@@ -2772,10 +2793,10 @@ class EngineObject
                 {
                     // push outside object collision
                     this.pos.y = o.pos.y + (sizeBoth.y/2 + epsilon) * sign(oldPos.y - o.pos.y);
-                    if ((o.groundObject && wasMovingDown) || !o.mass)
+                    if ((o.groundObject && wasFalling) || !o.mass)
                     {
                         // set ground object if landed on something
-                        if (wasMovingDown)
+                        if (wasFalling)
                             this.groundObject = o;
 
                         // bounce if other object is fixed or grounded
@@ -2862,12 +2883,15 @@ class EngineObject
                         const restitution = max(this.restitution, hitLayer.restitution);
                         this.velocity.y *= -restitution;
 
-                        if (wasMovingDown)
+                        if (wasFalling)
                         {
-                            // adjust position to slightly above nearest tile boundary
+                            // adjust position to slightly away from nearest tile
                             // this prevents gap between object and ground
                             const epsilon = .0001;
-                            this.pos.y = (oldPos.y-this.size.y/2|0)+this.size.y/2+epsilon;
+                            const offset = this.size.y/2 + epsilon;
+                            this.pos.y = gravity.y < 0 ?
+                                floor(oldPos.y-this.size.y/2) + offset :
+                                ceil( oldPos.y+this.size.y/2) - offset;
 
                             // set ground object for tile collision
                             this.groundObject = hitLayer;
@@ -2997,7 +3021,9 @@ class EngineObject
     {
         ASSERT(child.parent === this && this.children.includes(child));
         ASSERT(child instanceof EngineObject, 'child must be an EngineObject');
-        this.children.splice(this.children.indexOf(child), 1);
+        const index = this.children.indexOf(child);
+        ASSERT(index >= 0, 'child not found in children array');
+        index >= 0 && this.children.splice(index, 1);
         child.parent = 0;
     }
 
@@ -3034,21 +3060,20 @@ class EngineObject
      *  @return {string} */
     toString()
     {
-        if (debug)
-        {
-            let text = 'type = ' + this.constructor.name;
-            if (this.pos.x || this.pos.y)
-                text += '\npos = ' + this.pos;
-            if (this.velocity.x || this.velocity.y)
-                text += '\nvelocity = ' + this.velocity;
-            if (this.size.x || this.size.y)
-                text += '\nsize = ' + this.size;
-            if (this.angle)
-                text += '\nangle = ' + this.angle.toFixed(3);
-            if (this.color)
-                text += '\ncolor = ' + this.color;
-            return text;
-        }
+        if (!debug) return;
+        
+        let text = 'type = ' + this.constructor.name;
+        if (this.pos.x || this.pos.y)
+            text += '\npos = ' + this.pos;
+        if (this.velocity.x || this.velocity.y)
+            text += '\nvelocity = ' + this.velocity;
+        if (this.size.x || this.size.y)
+            text += '\nsize = ' + this.size;
+        if (this.angle)
+            text += '\nangle = ' + this.angle.toFixed(3);
+        if (this.color)
+            text += '\ncolor = ' + this.color;
+        return text;
     }
 
     /** Render debug info for this object  */
@@ -3217,7 +3242,7 @@ class TileInfo
         this.padding = padding;
         /** @property {TextureInfo} - The texture info for this tile */
         this.textureInfo = textureInfos[this.textureIndex];
-        /** @property {float} - Shrinks tile by this many pixels to prevent neighbors bleeding */
+        /** @property {number} - Shrinks tile by this many pixels to prevent neighbors bleeding */
         this.bleedScale = bleedScale;
     }
 
@@ -3316,15 +3341,11 @@ function drawTile(pos, size=new Vector2(1), tileInfo, color=WHITE,
 
     const textureInfo = tileInfo && tileInfo.textureInfo;
     const bleedScale = tileInfo ? tileInfo.bleedScale : 0;
-    if (useWebGL)
+    if (useWebGL && glEnable)
     {
         ASSERT(!!glContext, 'WebGL is not enabled!');
         if (screenSpace)
-        {
-            // convert to world space
-            pos = screenToWorld(pos);
-            size = size.scale(1/cameraScale);
-        }
+            [pos, size, angle] = screenToWorldTransform(pos, size, angle);
         if (textureInfo)
         {
             // calculate uvs and render
@@ -3412,7 +3433,8 @@ function drawRectGradient(pos, size, colorTop=WHITE, colorBottom=BLACK, angle=0,
     ASSERT(isColor(colorTop) && isColor(colorBottom), 'color is invalid');
     ASSERT(isNumber(angle), 'angle must be a number');
     ASSERT(!context || !useWebGL, 'context only supported in canvas 2D mode');
-    if (useWebGL)
+
+    if (useWebGL && glEnable)
     {
         ASSERT(!!glContext, 'WebGL is not enabled!');
         if (screenSpace)
@@ -3420,6 +3442,7 @@ function drawRectGradient(pos, size, colorTop=WHITE, colorBottom=BLACK, angle=0,
             // convert to world space
             pos = screenToWorld(pos);
             size = size.scale(1/cameraScale);
+            angle += cameraAngle;
         }
         // build 4 corner points for the rectangle
         const points = [], colors = [];
@@ -3475,17 +3498,14 @@ function drawLineList(points, width=.1, color, wrap=false, pos=vec2(), angle=0,
     ASSERT(isVector2(pos), 'pos must be a vec2');
     ASSERT(isNumber(angle), 'angle must be a number');
     ASSERT(!context || !useWebGL, 'context only supported in canvas 2D mode');
-    if (useWebGL)
+
+    if (useWebGL && glEnable)
     {
         ASSERT(!!glContext, 'WebGL is not enabled!');
-        let scale = 1;
+        let size = vec2(1);
         if (screenSpace)
-        {
-            // convert to world space
-            pos = screenToWorld(pos);
-            scale = 1/cameraScale;
-        }
-        glDrawOutlineTransform(points, color.rgbaInt(), width, pos.x, pos.y, scale, scale, angle, wrap);
+            [pos, size, angle] = screenToWorldTransform(pos, size, angle);
+        glDrawOutlineTransform(points, color.rgbaInt(), width, pos.x, pos.y, size.x, size.y, angle, wrap);
     }
     else
     {
@@ -3581,19 +3601,15 @@ function drawPoly(points, color=WHITE, lineWidth=0, lineColor=BLACK, pos=vec2(),
     ASSERT(isNumber(angle), 'angle must be a number');
     ASSERT(!context || !useWebGL, 'context only supported in canvas 2D mode');
 
-    if (useWebGL)
+    if (useWebGL && glEnable)
     {
         ASSERT(!!glContext, 'WebGL is not enabled!');
-        let scale = 1;
+        let size = vec2(1);
         if (screenSpace)
-        {
-            // convert to world space
-            pos = screenToWorld(pos);
-            scale = 1/cameraScale;
-        }
-        glDrawPointsTransform(points, color.rgbaInt(), pos.x, pos.y, scale, scale, angle);
+            [pos, size, angle] = screenToWorldTransform(pos, size, angle);
+        glDrawPointsTransform(points, color.rgbaInt(), pos.x, pos.y, size.x, size.y, angle);
         if (lineWidth > 0)
-            glDrawOutlineTransform(points, lineColor.rgbaInt(), lineWidth, pos.x, pos.y, scale, scale, angle);
+            glDrawOutlineTransform(points, lineColor.rgbaInt(), lineWidth, pos.x, pos.y, size.x, size.y, angle);
     }
     else
     {
@@ -3636,7 +3652,7 @@ function drawEllipse(pos, size=vec2(1), color=WHITE, angle=0, lineWidth=0, lineC
     ASSERT(lineWidth >= 0 && lineWidth < size.x && lineWidth < size.y, 'invalid lineWidth');
     ASSERT(!context || !useWebGL, 'context only supported in canvas 2D mode');
 
-    if (useWebGL)
+    if (useWebGL && glEnable)
     {
         // draw as a regular polygon
         const sides = glCircleSides;
@@ -3699,14 +3715,10 @@ function drawCanvas2D(pos, size, angle=0, mirror=false, drawFunction, screenSpac
     ASSERT(typeof drawFunction === 'function', 'drawFunction must be a function');
 
     if (!screenSpace)
-    {
-        // transform from world space to screen space
-        pos = worldToScreen(pos);
-        size = size.scale(cameraScale);
-    }
+        [pos, size, angle] = worldToScreenTransform(pos, size, angle);
     context.save();
     context.translate(pos.x+.5, pos.y+.5);
-    context.rotate(angle-cameraAngle);
+    context.rotate(angle);
     context.scale(mirror ? -size.x : size.x, -size.y);
     drawFunction(context);
     context.restore();
@@ -3717,7 +3729,7 @@ function drawCanvas2D(pos, size, angle=0, mirror=false, drawFunction, screenSpac
 
 /** Draw text on main canvas in world space
  *  Automatically splits new lines into rows
- *  @param {string}  text
+ *  @param {string|number}  text
  *  @param {Vector2} pos
  *  @param {number}  [size]
  *  @param {Color}   [color=(1,1,1,1)]
@@ -3732,12 +3744,19 @@ function drawCanvas2D(pos, size, angle=0, mirror=false, drawFunction, screenSpac
  *  @memberof Draw */
 function drawText(text, pos, size=1, color, lineWidth=0, lineColor, textAlign, font, fontStyle, maxWidth, angle=0, context=drawContext)
 {
-    drawTextScreen(text, worldToScreen(pos), size*cameraScale, color, lineWidth*cameraScale, lineColor, textAlign, font, fontStyle, maxWidth, angle, context);
+    // convert to screen space
+    pos = worldToScreen(pos);
+    size *= cameraScale;
+    lineWidth *= cameraScale;
+    angle -= cameraAngle;
+    angle *= -1;
+
+    drawTextScreen(text, pos, size, color, lineWidth, lineColor, textAlign, font, fontStyle, maxWidth, angle, context);
 }
 
 /** Draw text on overlay canvas in world space
  *  Automatically splits new lines into rows
- *  @param {string}  text
+ *  @param {string|number}  text
  *  @param {Vector2} pos
  *  @param {number}  [size]
  *  @param {Color}   [color=(1,1,1,1)]
@@ -3756,7 +3775,7 @@ function drawTextOverlay(text, pos, size=1, color, lineWidth=0, lineColor, textA
 
 /** Draw text on overlay canvas in screen space
  *  Automatically splits new lines into rows
- *  @param {string}  text
+ *  @param {string|number}  text
  *  @param {Vector2} pos
  *  @param {number}  [size]
  *  @param {Color}   [color=(1,1,1,1)]
@@ -3891,11 +3910,58 @@ function worldToScreenDelta(worldDelta)
     return new Vector2(x *  cameraScale, y * -cameraScale);
 }
 
-/** Get the camera's visible area in world space
+/** Convert screen space transform to world space
+ *  @param {Vector2} screenPos
+ *  @param {Vector2} screenSize  
+ *  @param {number} [screenAngle]
+ *  @return {[Vector2, Vector2, number]} - [pos, size, angle]
+ *  @memberof Draw */
+function screenToWorldTransform(screenPos, screenSize, screenAngle=0)
+{
+    return [
+        screenToWorld(screenPos),
+        screenSize.scale(1/cameraScale),
+        screenAngle + cameraAngle
+    ];
+}
+
+/** Convert world space transform to screen space
+ *  @param {Vector2} worldPos
+ *  @param {Vector2} worldSize  
+ *  @param {number} [worldAngle]
+ *  @return {[Vector2, Vector2, number]} - [pos, size, angle]
+ *  @memberof Draw */
+function worldToScreenTransform(worldPos, worldSize, worldAngle=0)
+{
+    return [
+        worldToScreen(worldPos),
+        worldSize.scale(cameraScale),
+        worldAngle - cameraAngle
+    ];
+}
+
+/** Get the size of the camera window in world space
  *  @return {Vector2}
  *  @memberof Draw */
 function getCameraSize() { return mainCanvasSize.scale(1/cameraScale); }
 
+/** Check if a point or circle is on screen
+ *  If size is a Vector2, uses the largest dimension as diameter
+ *  This can be used to cull offscreen objects from render or update
+ *  @param {Vector2} pos - world space position
+ *  @param {Vector2|number} size - world space size or diameter
+ *  @return {boolean}
+ *  @memberof Draw */
+function isOnScreen(pos, size=0)
+{
+    pos = worldToScreen(pos);
+    if (size instanceof Vector2)
+        size = max(size.x, size.y); // use largest dimension
+    size *= cameraScale/2;
+    return pos.x + size > 0 && pos.x - size < mainCanvasSize.x &&
+           pos.y + size > 0 && pos.y - size < mainCanvasSize.y;
+}
+
 /** Enable normal or additive blend mode
  *  @param {boolean} [additive]
  *  @param {CanvasRenderingContext2D|OffscreenCanvasRenderingContext2D} [context]
@@ -4059,7 +4125,7 @@ class FontImage
     }
 
     /** Draw text in world space using the image font
-     *  @param {string}  text
+     *  @param {string|number}  text
      *  @param {Vector2} pos
      *  @param {number}  [scale=.25]
      *  @param {boolean} [center]
@@ -4071,7 +4137,7 @@ class FontImage
     }
 
     /** Draw text on overlay canvas in world space using the image font
-     *  @param {string}  text
+     *  @param {string|number}  text
      *  @param {Vector2} pos
      *  @param {number}  [scale]
      *  @param {boolean} [center]
@@ -4080,7 +4146,7 @@ class FontImage
     { this.drawText(text, pos, scale, center, overlayContext); }
 
     /** Draw text on overlay canvas in screen space using the image font
-     *  @param {string}  text
+     *  @param {string|number}  text
      *  @param {Vector2} pos
      *  @param {number}  [scale]
      *  @param {boolean} [center]
@@ -4124,6 +4190,85 @@ class FontImage
  * @namespace Input
  */
 
+/** Mouse pos in world space
+ *  @type {Vector2}
+ *  @memberof Input */
+let mousePos = vec2();
+
+/** Mouse pos in screen space
+ *  @type {Vector2}
+ *  @memberof Input */
+let mousePosScreen = vec2();
+
+/** Mouse movement delta in world space
+ *  @type {Vector2}
+ *  @memberof Input */
+let mouseDelta = vec2();
+
+/** Mouse movement delta in screen space
+ *  @type {Vector2}
+ *  @memberof Input */
+let mouseDeltaScreen = vec2();
+
+/** Mouse wheel delta this frame
+ *  @type {number}
+ *  @memberof Input */
+let mouseWheel = 0;
+
+/** True if mouse was inside the document window, set to false when mouse leaves
+ *  @type {boolean}
+ *  @memberof Input */
+let mouseInWindow = true;
+
+/** Returns true if user is using gamepad (has more recently pressed a gamepad button)
+ *  @type {boolean}
+ *  @memberof Input */
+let isUsingGamepad = false;
+
+/** Prevents input continuing to the default browser handling (true by default)
+ *  @type {boolean}
+ *  @memberof Input */
+let inputPreventDefault = true;
+
+/** Primary gamepad index, automatically set to first gamepad with input
+ *  @type {number}
+ *  @memberof Input */
+let gamepadPrimary = 0;
+
+/** Prevents input continuing to the default browser handling
+ *  This is useful to disable for html menus so the browser can handle input normally
+ *  @param {boolean} preventDefault
+ *  @memberof Input */
+function setInputPreventDefault(preventDefault) { inputPreventDefault = preventDefault; }
+
+/** Clears an input key state
+ *  @param {string|number} key
+ *  @param {number} [device]
+ *  @param {boolean} [clearDown=true]
+ *  @param {boolean} [clearPressed=true]
+ *  @param {boolean} [clearReleased=true]
+ *  @memberof Input */
+function inputClearKey(key, device=0, clearDown=true, clearPressed=true, clearReleased=true)
+{
+    if (!inputData[device])
+        return;
+    inputData[device][key] &= ~((clearDown?1:0)|(clearPressed?2:0)|(clearReleased?4:0));
+}
+
+/** Clears all input
+ *  @memberof Input */
+function inputClear()
+{
+    inputData.length = 0;
+    inputData[0] = [];
+    touchGamepadButtons.length = 0;
+    touchGamepadSticks.length = 0;
+    gamepadStickData.length = 0;
+    gamepadDpadData.length = 0;
+}
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
 /** Returns true if device key is down
  *  @param {string|number} key
  *  @param {number} [device]
@@ -4131,9 +4276,9 @@ class FontImage
  *  @memberof Input */
 function keyIsDown(key, device=0)
 {
-    ASSERT(key !== undefined, 'key is undefined');
+    ASSERT(isString(key), 'key must be a number or string');
     ASSERT(device > 0 || typeof key !== 'number' || key < 3, 'use code string for keyboard');
-    return inputData[device] && !!(inputData[device][key] & 1);
+    return !!(inputData[device]?.[key] & 1);
 }
 
 /** Returns true if device key was pressed this frame
@@ -4143,9 +4288,9 @@ function keyIsDown(key, device=0)
  *  @memberof Input */
 function keyWasPressed(key, device=0)
 {
-    ASSERT(key !== undefined, 'key is undefined');
+    ASSERT(isString(key), 'key must be a number or string');
     ASSERT(device > 0 || typeof key !== 'number' || key < 3, 'use code string for keyboard');
-    return inputData[device] && !!(inputData[device][key] & 2);
+    return !!(inputData[device]?.[key] & 2);
 }
 
 /** Returns true if device key was released this frame
@@ -4155,172 +4300,182 @@ function keyWasPressed(key, device=0)
  *  @memberof Input */
 function keyWasReleased(key, device=0)
 {
-    ASSERT(key !== undefined, 'key is undefined');
+    ASSERT(isString(key), 'key must be a number or string');
     ASSERT(device > 0 || typeof key !== 'number' || key < 3, 'use code string for keyboard');
-    return inputData[device] && !!(inputData[device][key] & 4);
+    return !!(inputData[device]?.[key] & 4);
 }
 
 /** Returns input vector from arrow keys or WASD if enabled
+ *  @param {string} [up]
+ *  @param {string} [down]
+ *  @param {string} [left]
+ *  @param {string} [right]
  *  @return {Vector2}
  *  @memberof Input */
 function keyDirection(up='ArrowUp', down='ArrowDown', left='ArrowLeft', right='ArrowRight')
 {
+    ASSERT(isString(up),    'up key must be a string');
+    ASSERT(isString(down),  'down key must be a string');
+    ASSERT(isString(left),  'left key must be a string');
+    ASSERT(isString(right), 'right key must be a string');
     const k = (key)=> keyIsDown(key) ? 1 : 0;
     return vec2(k(right) - k(left), k(up) - k(down));
 }
 
-/** Clears all input
- *  @memberof Input */
-function inputClear() { inputData = [[]]; touchGamepadButtons = []; }
-
-/** Clears an input key state
- *  @param {string|number} key
- *  @param {number} [device]
- *  @param {boolean} [clearDown=true]
- *  @param {boolean} [clearPressed=true]
- *  @param {boolean} [clearReleased=true]
- *  @memberof Input */
-function inputClearKey(key, device=0, clearDown=true, clearPressed=true, clearReleased=true)
-{
-    if (!inputData[device])
-        return;
-    inputData[device][key] &= ~((clearDown?1:0)|(clearPressed?2:0)|(clearReleased?4:0));
-}
-
 /** Returns true if mouse button is down
  *  @function
  *  @param {number} button
  *  @return {boolean}
  *  @memberof Input */
-function mouseIsDown(button) { return keyIsDown(button); }
+function mouseIsDown(button)
+{
+    ASSERT(isNumber(button), 'mouse button must be a number');
+    return keyIsDown(button);
+}
 
 /** Returns true if mouse button was pressed
  *  @function
  *  @param {number} button
  *  @return {boolean}
  *  @memberof Input */
-function mouseWasPressed(button) { return keyWasPressed(button); }
+function mouseWasPressed(button)
+{
+    ASSERT(isNumber(button), 'mouse button must be a number');
+    return keyWasPressed(button);
+}
 
 /** Returns true if mouse button was released
  *  @function
  *  @param {number} button
  *  @return {boolean}
  *  @memberof Input */
-function mouseWasReleased(button) { return keyWasReleased(button); }
-
-/** Mouse pos in world space
- *  @type {Vector2}
- *  @memberof Input */
-let mousePos = vec2();
-
-/** Mouse pos in screen space
- *  @type {Vector2}
- *  @memberof Input */
-let mousePosScreen = vec2();
-
-/** Mouse movement delta in world space
- *  @type {Vector2}
- *  @memberof Input */
-let mouseDelta = vec2();
-
-/** Mouse movement delta in screen space
- *  @type {Vector2}
- *  @memberof Input */
-let mouseDeltaScreen = vec2();
-
-/** Mouse wheel delta this frame
- *  @type {number}
- *  @memberof Input */
-let mouseWheel = 0;
-
-/** True if mouse was inside the document window, set to false when mouse leaves
- *  @type {boolean}
- *  @memberof Input */
-let mouseInWindow = true;
-
-/** Returns true if user is using gamepad (has more recently pressed a gamepad button)
- *  @type {boolean}
- *  @memberof Input */
-let isUsingGamepad = false;
-
-/** Prevents input continuing to the default browser handling (true by default)
- *  @type {boolean}
- *  @memberof Input */
-let inputPreventDefault = true;
-
-/** Prevents input continuing to the default browser handling
- *  This is useful to disable for html menus so the browser can handle input normally
- *  @param {boolean} preventDefault
- *  @memberof Input */
-function setInputPreventDefault(preventDefault) { inputPreventDefault = preventDefault; }
+function mouseWasReleased(button)
+{
+    ASSERT(isNumber(button), 'mouse button must be a number');
+    return keyWasReleased(button);
+}
 
 /** Returns true if gamepad button is down
  *  @param {number} button
  *  @param {number} [gamepad]
  *  @return {boolean}
  *  @memberof Input */
-function gamepadIsDown(button, gamepad=0)
-{ return keyIsDown(button, gamepad+1); }
+function gamepadIsDown(button, gamepad=gamepadPrimary)
+{
+    ASSERT(isNumber(button), 'button must be a number');
+    ASSERT(isNumber(gamepad), 'gamepad must be a number');
+    return keyIsDown(button, gamepad+1);
+}
 
 /** Returns true if gamepad button was pressed
  *  @param {number} button
  *  @param {number} [gamepad]
  *  @return {boolean}
  *  @memberof Input */
-function gamepadWasPressed(button, gamepad=0)
-{ return keyWasPressed(button, gamepad+1); }
+function gamepadWasPressed(button, gamepad=gamepadPrimary)
+{
+    ASSERT(isNumber(button), 'button must be a number');
+    ASSERT(isNumber(gamepad), 'gamepad must be a number');
+    return keyWasPressed(button, gamepad+1);
+}
 
 /** Returns true if gamepad button was released
  *  @param {number} button
  *  @param {number} [gamepad]
  *  @return {boolean}
  *  @memberof Input */
-function gamepadWasReleased(button, gamepad=0)
-{ return keyWasReleased(button, gamepad+1); }
+function gamepadWasReleased(button, gamepad=gamepadPrimary)
+{
+    ASSERT(isNumber(button), 'button must be a number');
+    ASSERT(isNumber(gamepad), 'gamepad must be a number');
+    return keyWasReleased(button, gamepad+1);
+}
 
 /** Returns gamepad stick value
  *  @param {number} stick
  *  @param {number} [gamepad]
  *  @return {Vector2}
  *  @memberof Input */
-function gamepadStick(stick, gamepad=0)
-{ return gamepadStickData[gamepad] ? gamepadStickData[gamepad][stick] || vec2() : vec2(); }
-
-///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-// Input system functions called automatically by engine
+function gamepadStick(stick, gamepad=gamepadPrimary)
+{
+    ASSERT(isNumber(stick), 'stick must be a number');
+    ASSERT(isNumber(gamepad), 'gamepad must be a number');
+    return gamepadStickData[gamepad]?.[stick] ?? vec2();
+}
 
-// input is stored as a bit field for each key: 1 = isDown, 2 = wasPressed, 4 = wasReleased
-// mouse and keyboard are stored together in device 0, gamepads are in devices > 0
-let inputData = [[]];
+/** Returns gamepad dpad value
+ *  @param {number} [gamepad]
+ *  @return {Vector2}
+ *  @memberof Input */
+function gamepadDpad(gamepad=gamepadPrimary)
+{
+    ASSERT(isNumber(gamepad), 'gamepad must be a number');
+    return gamepadDpadData[gamepad] ?? vec2();
+}
 
-function inputUpdate()
+/** Returns true if passed in gamepad is connected
+ *  @param {number} [gamepad]
+ *  @return {boolean}
+ *  @memberof Input */
+function gamepadConnected(gamepad=gamepadPrimary)
 {
-    if (headlessMode) return;
+    ASSERT(isNumber(gamepad), 'gamepad must be a number');
+    return !!inputData[gamepad+1];
+}
 
-    // clear input when lost focus (prevent stuck keys)
-    if(!(touchInputEnable && isTouchDevice) && !document.hasFocus())
-        inputClear();
+/** True if a touch device has been detected
+ *  @memberof Input */
+const isTouchDevice = !headlessMode && window.ontouchstart !== undefined;
 
-    // update mouse world space position and delta
-    mousePos = screenToWorld(mousePosScreen);
-    mouseDelta = screenToWorldDelta(mouseDeltaScreen);
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-    // update gamepads if enabled
-    gamepadsUpdate();
+/** Pulse the vibration hardware if it exists
+ *  @param {number|Array} [pattern] - single value in ms or vibration interval array
+ *  @memberof Input */
+function vibrate(pattern=100)
+{
+    ASSERT(isNumber(pattern) || isArray(pattern), 'pattern must be a number or array');
+    vibrateEnable && !headlessMode && navigator && navigator.vibrate && navigator.vibrate(pattern);
 }
 
-function inputUpdatePost()
-{
-    if (headlessMode) return;
+/** Cancel any ongoing vibration
+ *  @memberof Input */
+function vibrateStop() { vibrate(0); }
 
-    // clear input to prepare for next frame
-    for (const deviceInputData of inputData)
-    for (const i in deviceInputData)
-        deviceInputData[i] &= 1;
-    mouseWheel = 0;
-    mouseDelta = vec2();
-    mouseDeltaScreen = vec2();
-}
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Pointer Lock
+
+/** Request to lock the pointer, does not work on touch devices
+ *  @memberof Input */
+function pointerLockRequest()
+{ !isTouchDevice && mainCanvas.requestPointerLock?.(); }
+
+/** Request to unlock the pointer
+ *  @memberof Input */
+function pointerLockExit()
+{ document.exitPointerLock?.(); }
+
+/** Check if pointer is locked (true if locked)
+ *  @return {boolean}
+ *  @memberof Input */
+function pointerLockIsActive()
+{ return document.pointerLockElement === mainCanvas; }
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Input variables used by engine
+
+// input uses bit field for each key: 1=isDown, 2=wasPressed, 4=wasReleased
+// mouse and keyboard stored in device 0, gamepads stored in devices > 0
+const inputData = [[]];
+
+// gamepad internal variables
+const gamepadStickData = [], gamepadDpadData = [], gamepadHadInput = [];
+
+// touch gamepad internal variables
+const touchGamepadTimer = new Timer, touchGamepadButtons = [], touchGamepadSticks = [];
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Input system functions used by engine
 
 function inputInit()
 {
@@ -4350,6 +4505,18 @@ function inputInit()
             if (inputWASDEmulateDirection)
                 inputData[0][remapKey(e.code)] = 3;
         }
+
+        // prevent arrow key from moving the page
+        const preventDefaultKeys = 
+        [
+            'ArrowUp', 'ArrowDown', 'ArrowLeft', 'ArrowRight', // scrolling
+            'Space',        // page down scroll
+            'Tab',          // focus navigation
+            'Backspace',    // browser back
+        ];
+        if (preventDefaultKeys.includes(e.code))
+        if (inputPreventDefault && document.hasFocus() && e.cancelable)
+            e.preventDefault();
     }
     function onKeyUp(e)
     {
@@ -4381,7 +4548,9 @@ function inputInit()
         const mousePosScreenLast = mousePosScreen;
         mousePosScreen = mouseEventToScreen(vec2(e.x,e.y));
         mouseDeltaScreen = mouseDeltaScreen.add(mousePosScreen.subtract(mousePosScreenLast));
-        inputPreventDefault && e.button && e.preventDefault();
+
+        if (inputPreventDefault && document.hasFocus() && e.cancelable)
+            e.preventDefault();
     }
     function onMouseUp(e)
     {
@@ -4405,344 +4574,386 @@ function inputInit()
     function onMouseWheel(e) { mouseWheel = e.ctrlKey ? 0 : sign(e.deltaY); }
     function onContextMenu(e) { e.preventDefault(); } // prevent right click menu
     function onBlur() { inputClear(); } // reset input when focus is lost
-}
-
-// convert a mouse or touch event position to screen space
-function mouseEventToScreen(mousePos)
-{
-    const rect = mainCanvas.getBoundingClientRect();
-    const px = percent(mousePos.x, rect.left, rect.right);
-    const py = percent(mousePos.y, rect.top, rect.bottom);
-    return vec2(px*mainCanvas.width, py*mainCanvas.height);
-}
-
-///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-// Gamepad input
 
-// gamepad internal variables
-const gamepadStickData = [];
-
-// gamepads are updated by engine every frame automatically
-function gamepadsUpdate()
-{
-    const applyDeadZones = (v)=>
-    {
-        const min=.3, max=.8;
-        const deadZone = (v)=>
-            v > min ? percent(v, min, max) :
-            v < -min ? -percent(-v, min, max) : 0;
-        return vec2(deadZone(v.x), deadZone(-v.y)).clampLength();
-    }
-
-    // update touch gamepad if enabled
-    if (touchGamepadEnable && isTouchDevice)
+    // enable touch input mouse passthrough
+    function touchInputInit()
     {
-        if (!touchGamepadTimer.isSet())
-            return;
+        // add non passive touch event listeners
+        document.addEventListener('touchstart', (e) => handleTouch(e), { passive: false });
+        document.addEventListener('touchmove',  (e) => handleTouch(e), { passive: false });
+        document.addEventListener('touchend',   (e) => handleTouch(e), { passive: false });
 
-        // read virtual analog stick
-        const sticks = gamepadStickData[0] || (gamepadStickData[0] = []);
-        sticks[0] = vec2();
-        if (touchGamepadAnalog)
-            sticks[0] = applyDeadZones(touchGamepadStick);
-        else if (touchGamepadStick.lengthSquared() > .3)
+        // handle all touch events the same way
+        let wasTouching;
+        function handleTouch(e)
         {
-            // convert to 8 way dpad
-            sticks[0].x = round(touchGamepadStick.x);
-            sticks[0].y = -round(touchGamepadStick.y);
-            sticks[0] = sticks[0].clampLength();
-        }
+            if (!touchInputEnable)
+                return;
 
-        // read virtual gamepad buttons
-        const data = inputData[1] || (inputData[1] = []);
-        for (let i=10; i--;)
-        {
-            const wasDown = gamepadIsDown(i,0);
-            data[i] = touchGamepadButtons[i] ? wasDown ? 1 : 3 : wasDown ? 4 : 0;
-        }
+            // route touch to gamepad
+            if (touchGamepadEnable)
+                handleTouchGamepad(e);
 
-        // disable normal gamepads when touch gamepad is active
-        return;
-    }
+            // fix stalled audio requiring user interaction
+            if (soundEnable && !headlessMode && audioContext && !audioIsRunning())
+                audioContext.resume();
 
-    // return if gamepads are disabled or not supported
-    if (!gamepadsEnable || !navigator || !navigator.getGamepads)
-        return;
+            // check if touching and pass to mouse events
+            const touching = e.touches.length;
+            const button = 0; // all touches are left mouse button
+            if (touching)
+            {
+                // set event pos and pass it along
+                const pos = vec2(e.touches[0].clientX, e.touches[0].clientY);
+                const mousePosScreenLast = mousePosScreen;
+                mousePosScreen = mouseEventToScreen(pos);
+                if (wasTouching)
+                {
+                    mouseDeltaScreen = mouseDeltaScreen.add(mousePosScreen.subtract(mousePosScreenLast));
+                    isUsingGamepad = touchGamepadEnable;
+                }
+                else
+                    inputData[0][button] = 3;
+            }
+            else if (wasTouching)
+                inputData[0][button] = inputData[0][button] & 2 | 4;
 
-    // only poll gamepads when focused or in debug mode
-    if (!debug && !document.hasFocus())
-        return;
+            // set was touching
+            wasTouching = touching;
 
-    // poll gamepads
-    const gamepads = navigator.getGamepads();
-    for (let i = gamepads.length; i--;)
-    {
-        // get or create gamepad data
-        const gamepad = gamepads[i];
-        const data = inputData[i+1] || (inputData[i+1] = []);
-        const sticks = gamepadStickData[i] || (gamepadStickData[i] = []);
+            // prevent default handling like copy, magnifier lens, and scrolling
+            if (inputPreventDefault && document.hasFocus() && e.cancelable)
+                e.preventDefault();
 
-        if (gamepad)
+            // must return true so the document will get focus
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        // special handling for virtual gamepad mode
+        function handleTouchGamepad(e)
         {
-            // read analog sticks
-            for (let j = 0; j < gamepad.axes.length-1; j+=2)
-                sticks[j>>1] = applyDeadZones(vec2(gamepad.axes[j],gamepad.axes[j+1]));
+            // clear touch gamepad input
+            touchGamepadSticks.length = 0;
+            touchGamepadSticks[0] = vec2();
+            touchGamepadSticks[1] = vec2();
+            touchGamepadButtons.length = 0;
+            isUsingGamepad = true;
 
-            // read buttons
-            for (let j = gamepad.buttons.length; j--;)
+            const touching = e.touches.length;
+            if (touching)
             {
-                const button = gamepad.buttons[j];
-                const wasDown = gamepadIsDown(j,i);
-                data[j] = button.pressed ? wasDown ? 1 : 3 : wasDown ? 4 : 0;
-                if (!button.value || button.value > .9) // must be a full press
-                if (!i && button.pressed)
-                    isUsingGamepad = true;
+                touchGamepadTimer.set();
+                if (touchGamepadCenterButton && !wasTouching && paused)
+                {
+                    // touch anywhere to press start when paused
+                    touchGamepadButtons[9] = 1;
+                    return;
+                }
             }
 
-            if (gamepadDirectionEmulateStick)
+            // don't process touch gamepad if paused
+            if (paused)
+                return;
+
+            // get center of left and right sides
+            const stickCenter = vec2(touchGamepadSize, mainCanvasSize.y-touchGamepadSize);
+            const buttonCenter = touchGamepadButtonCenter();
+            const startCenter = mainCanvasSize.scale(.5);
+
+            // check each touch point
+            for (const touch of e.touches)
             {
-                // copy dpad to left analog stick when pressed
-                const dpad = vec2(
-                    (gamepadIsDown(15,i)&&1) - (gamepadIsDown(14,i)&&1),
-                    (gamepadIsDown(12,i)&&1) - (gamepadIsDown(13,i)&&1));
-                if (dpad.lengthSquared())
-                    sticks[0] = dpad.clampLength();
+                const touchPos = mouseEventToScreen(vec2(touch.clientX, touch.clientY));
+                if (stickCenter.distance(touchPos) < touchGamepadSize)
+                {
+                    // virtual analog stick
+                    const delta = touchPos.subtract(stickCenter);
+                    touchGamepadSticks[0] = delta.scale(2/touchGamepadSize).clampLength();
+                }
+                else if (buttonCenter.distance(touchPos) < touchGamepadSize)
+                {
+                    if (touchGamepadButtonCount === 1)
+                    {
+                        // virtual right analog stick
+                        const delta = touchPos.subtract(buttonCenter);
+                        touchGamepadSticks[1] = delta.scale(2/touchGamepadSize).clampLength();
+                    }
+                    // virtual face buttons
+                    let button = buttonCenter.subtract(touchPos).direction();
+                    button = mod(button+2, 4);
+                    if (touchGamepadButtonCount === 1)
+                        button = 0;
+                    else if (touchGamepadButtonCount === 2)
+                    {
+                        const delta = buttonCenter.subtract(touchPos);
+                        button = -delta.x < delta.y ? 1 : 0;
+                    }
+                    // fix button locations (swap 2 and 3 to match gamepad layout)
+                    button = button === 3 ? 2 : button === 2 ? 3 : button;
+                    if (button < touchGamepadButtonCount)
+                        touchGamepadButtons[button] = 1;
+                }
+                else if (touchGamepadCenterButton && 
+                    startCenter.distance(touchPos) < touchGamepadSize)
+                {
+                    // virtual start button in center
+                    touchGamepadButtons[9] = 1;
+                }
             }
-
-            // disable touch gamepad if using real gamepad
-            touchGamepadEnable && isUsingGamepad && touchGamepadTimer.unset();
         }
     }
-}
-
-///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-/** Pulse the vibration hardware if it exists
- *  @param {number|Array} [pattern] - single value in ms or vibration interval array
- *  @memberof Input */
-function vibrate(pattern=100)
-{ vibrateEnable && !headlessMode && navigator && navigator.vibrate && navigator.vibrate(pattern); }
 
-/** Cancel any ongoing vibration
- *  @memberof Input */
-function vibrateStop() { vibrate(0); }
-
-///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-// Touch input & virtual on screen gamepad
-
-/** True if a touch device has been detected
- *  @memberof Input */
-const isTouchDevice = !headlessMode && window.ontouchstart !== undefined;
-
-// touch gamepad internal variables
-let touchGamepadTimer = new Timer, touchGamepadButtons = [], touchGamepadStick = vec2();
-
-function touchGamepadButtonCenter()
-{
-    // draw right face buttons
-    const center = vec2(mainCanvasSize.x-touchGamepadSize, mainCanvasSize.y-touchGamepadSize);
-    if (touchGamepadButtonCount <= 2)
-        center.x += touchGamepadSize/2;
-    return center;
+    // convert a mouse or touch event position to screen space
+    function mouseEventToScreen(mousePos)
+    {
+        const rect = mainCanvas.getBoundingClientRect();
+        const px = percent(mousePos.x, rect.left, rect.right);
+        const py = percent(mousePos.y, rect.top, rect.bottom);
+        return vec2(px*mainCanvas.width, py*mainCanvas.height);
+    }
 }
 
-// enable touch input mouse passthrough
-function touchInputInit()
+function inputUpdate()
 {
-    // add non passive touch event listeners
-    document.addEventListener('touchstart', (e) => handleTouch(e), { passive: false });
-    document.addEventListener('touchmove',  (e) => handleTouch(e), { passive: false });
-    document.addEventListener('touchend',   (e) => handleTouch(e), { passive: false });
+    if (headlessMode) return;
 
-    // handle all touch events the same way
-    let wasTouching;
-    function handleTouch(e)
-    {
-        if (!touchInputEnable)
-            return;
+    // clear input when lost focus (prevent stuck keys)
+    if (!(touchInputEnable && isTouchDevice) && !document.hasFocus())
+        inputClear();
 
-        // route touch to gamepad
-        if (touchGamepadEnable)
-            handleTouchGamepad(e);
+    // update mouse world space position and delta
+    mousePos = screenToWorld(mousePosScreen);
+    mouseDelta = screenToWorldDelta(mouseDeltaScreen);
 
-        // fix stalled audio requiring user interaction
-        if (soundEnable && !headlessMode && audioContext && !audioIsRunning())
-            audioContext.resume();
+    // update gamepads if enabled
+    gamepadsUpdate();
+        
+    // gamepads are updated by engine every frame automatically
+    function gamepadsUpdate()
+    {
+        const applyDeadZones = (v)=>
+        {
+            const min=.3, max=.8;
+            const deadZone = (v)=>
+                v > min ? percent(v, min, max) :
+                v < -min ? -percent(-v, min, max) : 0;
+            return vec2(deadZone(v.x), deadZone(-v.y)).clampLength();
+        }
 
-        // check if touching and pass to mouse events
-        const touching = e.touches.length;
-        const button = 0; // all touches are left mouse button
-        if (touching)
+        // update touch gamepad if enabled
+        if (touchGamepadEnable && isTouchDevice)
         {
-            // set event pos and pass it along
-            const pos = vec2(e.touches[0].clientX, e.touches[0].clientY);
-            const mousePosScreenLast = mousePosScreen;
-            mousePosScreen = mouseEventToScreen(pos);
-            if (wasTouching)
+            if (!touchGamepadTimer.isSet())
+                return;
+
+            // read virtual analog stick
+            gamepadPrimary = 0; // touch gamepad uses index 0
+            const sticks = gamepadStickData[0] ?? (gamepadStickData[0] = []);
+            const dpad = gamepadDpadData[0] ?? (gamepadDpadData[0] = vec2());
+            sticks[0] = vec2();
+            dpad.set();
+            const leftTouchStick = touchGamepadSticks[0] ?? vec2();
+            if (touchGamepadAnalog)
+                sticks[0] = applyDeadZones(leftTouchStick);
+            else if (leftTouchStick.lengthSquared() > .3)
             {
-                mouseDeltaScreen = mouseDeltaScreen.add(mousePosScreen.subtract(mousePosScreenLast));
-                isUsingGamepad = touchGamepadEnable;
+                // convert to 8 way dpad
+                const x = clamp(round(leftTouchStick.x), -1, 1);
+                const y = clamp(round(leftTouchStick.y), -1, 1);
+                dpad.set(x, -y);
+                sticks[0] = dpad.clampLength(); // clamp to circle
             }
-            else
-                inputData[0][button] = 3;
-        }
-        else if (wasTouching)
-            inputData[0][button] = inputData[0][button] & 2 | 4;
+            const rightTouchStick = touchGamepadSticks[1] ?? vec2();
+            if (touchGamepadButtonCount === 1)
+                sticks[1] = applyDeadZones(rightTouchStick);
 
-        // set was touching
-        wasTouching = touching;
+            // read virtual gamepad buttons
+            const data = inputData[1] ?? (inputData[1] = []);
+            for (let i=10; i--;)
+            {
+                const wasDown = gamepadIsDown(i,0);
+                data[i] = touchGamepadButtons[i] ? wasDown ? 1 : 3 : wasDown ? 4 : 0;
+            }
 
-        // prevent default handling like copy, magnifier lens, and scrolling
-        if (inputPreventDefault && document.hasFocus() && e.cancelable)
-            e.preventDefault();
+            // disable normal gamepads when touch gamepad is active
+            return;
+        }
 
-        // must return true so the document will get focus
-        return true;
-    }
+        // return if gamepads are disabled or not supported
+        if (!gamepadsEnable || !navigator || !navigator.getGamepads)
+            return;
 
-    // special handling for virtual gamepad mode
-    function handleTouchGamepad(e)
-    {
-        // clear touch gamepad input
-        touchGamepadStick = vec2();
-        touchGamepadButtons = [];
-        isUsingGamepad = true;
+        // only poll gamepads when focused or in debug mode
+        if (!debug && !document.hasFocus())
+            return;
 
-        const touching = e.touches.length;
-        if (touching)
+        // poll gamepads
+        const maxGamepads = 8;
+        const gamepads = navigator.getGamepads();
+        const gamepadCount = min(maxGamepads, gamepads.length)
+        for (let i=0; i<gamepadCount; ++i)
         {
-            touchGamepadTimer.set();
-            if (touchGamepadCenterButton && !wasTouching && paused)
+            // get or create gamepad data
+            const gamepad = gamepads[i];
+            if (!gamepad)
             {
-                // touch anywhere to press start when paused
-                touchGamepadButtons[9] = 1;
-                return;
+                // clear gamepad data if not connected
+                inputData[i+1] = undefined;
+                gamepadStickData[i] = undefined;
+                gamepadDpadData[i] = undefined;
+                gamepadHadInput[i] = undefined;
+                continue;
             }
-        }
 
-        // get center of left and right sides
-        const stickCenter = vec2(touchGamepadSize, mainCanvasSize.y-touchGamepadSize);
-        const buttonCenter = touchGamepadButtonCenter();
-        const startCenter = mainCanvasSize.scale(.5);
+            const data = inputData[i+1] ?? (inputData[i+1] = []);
+            const sticks = gamepadStickData[i] ?? (gamepadStickData[i] = []);
+            const dpad = gamepadDpadData[i] ?? (gamepadDpadData[i] = vec2());
 
-        // check each touch point
-        for (const touch of e.touches)
-        {
-            const touchPos = mouseEventToScreen(vec2(touch.clientX, touch.clientY));
-            if (stickCenter.distance(touchPos) < touchGamepadSize)
+            // read analog sticks
+            for (let j = 0; j < gamepad.axes.length-1; j+=2)
+                sticks[j>>1] = applyDeadZones(vec2(gamepad.axes[j],gamepad.axes[j+1]));
+
+            // read buttons
+            let hadInput = false;
+            for (let j = gamepad.buttons.length; j--;)
+            {
+                const button = gamepad.buttons[j];
+                const wasDown = gamepadIsDown(j,i);
+                data[j] = button.pressed ? wasDown ? 1 : 3 : wasDown ? 4 : 0;
+
+                // check for any input on this gamepad, analog must be full press
+                if (button.pressed)
+                if (!button.value || button.value > .9)
+                    hadInput = true;
+            }
+            
+            // set new primary gamepad if current is not connected
+            if (hadInput)
             {
-                // virtual analog stick
-                touchGamepadStick = touchPos.subtract(stickCenter).scale(2/touchGamepadSize).clampLength();
+                gamepadHadInput[i] = true;
+                if (!gamepadHadInput[gamepadPrimary])
+                    gamepadPrimary = i;
+                isUsingGamepad ||= (gamepadPrimary === i);
             }
-            else if (buttonCenter.distance(touchPos) < touchGamepadSize)
+
+            if (gamepad.mapping === 'standard')
             {
-                // virtual face buttons
-                let button = buttonCenter.subtract(touchPos).direction();
-                button = mod(button+2, 4);
-                if (touchGamepadButtonCount === 1)
-                    button = 0;
-                else if (touchGamepadButtonCount === 2)
-                {
-                    const delta = buttonCenter.subtract(touchPos);
-                    button = -delta.x < delta.y ? 1 : 0;
-                }
-                // fix button locations (swap 2 and 3 to match gamepad layout)
-                button = button === 3 ? 2 : button === 2 ? 3 : button;
-                if (button < touchGamepadButtonCount)
-                    touchGamepadButtons[button] = 1;
+                // get dpad buttons (standard mapping)
+                dpad.set(
+                    (gamepadIsDown(15,i)&&1) - (gamepadIsDown(14,i)&&1),
+                    (gamepadIsDown(12,i)&&1) - (gamepadIsDown(13,i)&&1));
             }
-            else if (touchGamepadCenterButton && !wasTouching && 
-                startCenter.distance(touchPos) < touchGamepadSize)
+            else if (gamepad.axes && gamepad.axes.length >= 2)
             {
-                // virtual start button in center
-                touchGamepadButtons[9] = 1;
+                // digital style dpad from axes
+                const x = clamp(round(gamepad.axes[0]), -1, 1);
+                const y = clamp(round(gamepad.axes[1]), -1, 1);
+                dpad.set(x, -y);
             }
+
+            // copy dpad to left analog stick when pressed
+            if (gamepadDirectionEmulateStick && !dpad.isZero())
+                sticks[0] = dpad.clampLength();
         }
+
+        // disable touch gamepad if using real gamepad
+        touchGamepadEnable && isUsingGamepad && touchGamepadTimer.unset();
     }
 }
 
-// render the touch gamepad, called automatically by the engine
-function touchGamepadRender()
+function inputUpdatePost()
 {
-    if (!touchInputEnable || !isTouchDevice || headlessMode) return;
-    if (!touchGamepadEnable || !touchGamepadTimer.isSet())
-        return;
+    if (headlessMode) return;
 
-    // fade off when not touching or paused
-    const alpha = percent(touchGamepadTimer.get(), 4, 3);
-    if (!alpha || paused)
-        return;
+    // clear input to prepare for next frame
+    for (const deviceInputData of inputData)
+    for (const i in deviceInputData)
+        deviceInputData[i] &= 1;
+    mouseWheel = 0;
+    mouseDelta = vec2();
+    mouseDeltaScreen = vec2();
+}
 
-    // setup the canvas
-    const context = overlayContext;
-    context.save();
-    context.globalAlpha = alpha*touchGamepadAlpha;
-    context.strokeStyle = '#fff';
-    context.lineWidth = 3;
+function inputRender()
+{
+    touchGamepadRender();
 
-    // draw left analog stick
-    context.fillStyle = touchGamepadStick.lengthSquared() > 0 ? '#fff' : '#000';
-    context.beginPath();
-    const stickCenter = vec2(touchGamepadSize, mainCanvasSize.y-touchGamepadSize);
-    if (touchGamepadAnalog) // draw circle shaped gamepad
+    function touchGamepadRender()
     {
-        context.arc(stickCenter.x, stickCenter.y, touchGamepadSize/2, 0, 9);
+        if (!touchInputEnable || !isTouchDevice || headlessMode) return;
+        if (!touchGamepadEnable || !touchGamepadTimer.isSet())
+            return;
+
+        // fade off when not touching or paused
+        const alpha = percent(touchGamepadTimer.get(), 4, 3);
+        if (!alpha || paused)
+            return;
+
+        // setup the canvas
+        const context = overlayContext;
+        context.save();
+        context.globalAlpha = alpha*touchGamepadAlpha;
+        context.strokeStyle = '#fff';
+        context.lineWidth = 3;
+
+        // draw left analog stick
+        const leftTouchStick = touchGamepadSticks[0] ?? vec2();
+        context.fillStyle = leftTouchStick.lengthSquared() > 0 ? '#fff' : '#000';
+        context.beginPath();
+        const stickCenter = vec2(touchGamepadSize, mainCanvasSize.y-touchGamepadSize);
+        if (touchGamepadAnalog)
+        {
+            // draw circle shaped gamepad
+            context.arc(stickCenter.x, stickCenter.y, touchGamepadSize/2, 0, 9);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // draw cross shaped gamepad
+            for (let i=10; --i;)
+            {
+                const angle = i*PI/4;
+                context.arc(stickCenter.x, stickCenter.y,touchGamepadSize*.6, angle + PI/8, angle + PI/8);
+                i%2 && context.arc(stickCenter.x, stickCenter.y, touchGamepadSize*.33, angle, angle);
+            }
+        }
         context.fill();
         context.stroke();
-    }
-    else // draw cross shaped gamepad
-    {
-        for (let i=10; i--;)
+
+        // draw right face buttons
         {
-            const angle = i*PI/4;
-            context.arc(stickCenter.x, stickCenter.y,touchGamepadSize*.6, angle + PI/8, angle + PI/8);
-            i%2 && context.arc(stickCenter.x, stickCenter.y, touchGamepadSize*.33, angle, angle);
-            i===1 && context.fill();
+            const buttonCenter = touchGamepadButtonCenter();
+            const buttonSize = touchGamepadButtonCount > 1 ? 
+                touchGamepadSize/4 : touchGamepadSize/2;
+            for (let i=0; i<touchGamepadButtonCount; i++)
+            {
+                const j = mod(i-1, 4);
+                let button = touchGamepadButtonCount > 2 ? 
+                    j : min(j, touchGamepadButtonCount-1);
+                // fix button locations (swap 2 and 3 to match gamepad layout)
+                button = button === 3 ? 2 : button === 2 ? 3 : button;
+                const pos = touchGamepadButtonCount < 2 ? buttonCenter :
+                    buttonCenter.add(vec2().setDirection(j, touchGamepadSize/2));
+                context.fillStyle = touchGamepadButtons[button] ? '#fff' : '#000';
+                context.beginPath();
+                context.arc(pos.x, pos.y, buttonSize, 0,9);
+                context.fill();
+                context.stroke();
+            }
         }
-        context.stroke();
-    }
 
-    // draw right face buttons
-    const buttonCenter = touchGamepadButtonCenter();
-    const buttonSize = touchGamepadButtonCount > 1 ? touchGamepadSize/4 : touchGamepadSize/2;
-    for (let i=0; i<touchGamepadButtonCount; i++)
-    {
-        const j = mod(i-1, 4);
-        let button = touchGamepadButtonCount > 2 ? 
-            j : min(j, touchGamepadButtonCount-1);
-        // fix button locations (swap 2 and 3 to match gamepad layout)
-        button = button === 3 ? 2 : button === 2 ? 3 : button;
-        const pos = buttonCenter.add(vec2().setDirection(j, touchGamepadSize/2));
-        context.fillStyle = touchGamepadButtons[button] ? '#fff' : '#000';
-        context.beginPath();
-        context.arc(pos.x, pos.y, buttonSize, 0,9);
-        context.fill();
-        context.stroke();
+        // set canvas back to normal
+        context.restore();
     }
-
-    // set canvas back to normal
-    context.restore();
 }
 
-///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-// Pointer Lock
-
-/** Request to lock the pointer, does not work on touch devices
- *  @memberof Input */
-function pointerLockRequest()
+// center position for right tocuh pad face buttons
+function touchGamepadButtonCenter()
 {
-    if (!isTouchDevice)
-        mainCanvas.requestPointerLock && mainCanvas.requestPointerLock();
-}
-
-/** Request to unlock the pointer
- *  @memberof Input */
-function pointerLockExit() { document.exitPointerLock && document.exitPointerLock(); }
-
-/** Check if pointer is locked (true if locked)
- *  @return {boolean}
- *  @memberof Input */
-function pointerLockIsActive() { return document.pointerLockElement === mainCanvas; }
+    const center = mainCanvasSize.subtract(vec2(touchGamepadSize));
+    if (touchGamepadButtonCount === 2)
+        center.x += touchGamepadSize/2;
+    return center;
+}
 /**
  * LittleJS Audio System
  * - <a href=https://killedbyapixel.github.io/ZzFX/>ZzFX Sound Effects</a> - ZzFX Sound Effect Generator
@@ -4856,7 +5067,6 @@ class Sound
         ASSERT(isNumber(pitch), 'pitch must be a number');
         ASSERT(isNumber(randomnessScale), 'randomnessScale must be a number');
 
-
         if (!soundEnable || headlessMode) return;
         if (!this.sampleChannels) return;
 
@@ -5483,7 +5693,7 @@ function tileCollisionTest(pos, size=vec2(), object, solidOnly=true)
     }
 }
 
-/** Return the exact position of the boudnary of first tile hit, undefined if nothing was hit.
+/** Return the exact position of the boundary of first tile hit, undefined if nothing was hit.
  *  The point will be inside the colliding tile if it hits (may have a tiny shift)
  *  @param {Vector2}      posStart
  *  @param {Vector2}      posEnd
@@ -5989,7 +6199,7 @@ class TileCollisionLayer extends TileLayer
         // remove from collision layers array and destroy
         const index = tileCollisionLayers.indexOf(this);
         ASSERT(index >= 0, 'tile collision layer not found in array');
-        tileCollisionLayers.splice(index, 1);
+        index >= 0 && tileCollisionLayers.splice(index, 1);
         super.destroy();
     }
 
@@ -6057,7 +6267,7 @@ class TileCollisionLayer extends TileLayer
         return false;
     }
 
-    /** Return the exact position of the boudnary of first tile hit, undefined if nothing was hit.
+    /** Return the exact position of the boundary of first tile hit, undefined if nothing was hit.
     *  The point will be inside the colliding tile if it hits (may have a tiny shift)
     *  @param {Vector2}      posStart
     *  @param {Vector2}      posEnd
@@ -8002,11 +8212,14 @@ function zzfxM(instruments, patterns, sequence, BPM = 125)
 /**
  * LittleJS User Interface Plugin
  * - call new UISystemPlugin() to setup the UI system
+ * - Gamepad and keyboard navigation support
  * - Nested Menus
  * - Text
  * - Buttons
  * - Checkboxes
  * - Images
+ * - Scrollbars
+ * - Video
  * @namespace UISystem
  */
 
@@ -8017,6 +8230,20 @@ function zzfxM(instruments, patterns, sequence, BPM = 125)
  *  @memberof UISystem */
 let uiSystem;
 
+/** Enable UI system debug drawing
+ *  0=off, 1=normal, 2=show invisible
+ *  @type {number}
+ *  @default
+ *  @memberof UISystem */
+let uiDebug = 0;
+
+/** Enable UI system debug drawing
+ *  0=off, 1=normal, 2=show invisible
+ *  @param {number|boolean} enable
+ *  @memberof UISystem */
+function uiSetDebug(debugMode)
+{ uiDebug = typeof debugMode === 'boolean' ? (debugMode ? 1 : 0) : debugMode; }
+
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 /** 
  * UI System Global Object
@@ -8035,6 +8262,7 @@ class UISystemPlugin
         ASSERT(!uiSystem, 'UI system already initialized');
         uiSystem = this;
 
+        // default settings
         /** @property {Color} - Default fill color for UI elements */
         this.defaultColor = WHITE;
         /** @property {Color} - Default outline color for UI elements */
@@ -8054,7 +8282,7 @@ class UISystemPlugin
         /** @property {number} - Default rounded rect corner radius for UI elements */
         this.defaultCornerRadius = 0;
         /** @property {number} - Default scale to use for fitting text to object */
-        this.defaultTextScale = .8;
+        this.defaultTextFitScale = .8;
         /** @property {string} - Default font for UI elements */
         this.defaultFont = fontDefault;
         /** @property {Sound} - Default sound when interactive UI element is pressed */
@@ -8063,6 +8291,30 @@ class UISystemPlugin
         this.defaultSoundRelease = undefined;
         /** @property {Sound} - Default sound when interactive UI element is clicked */
         this.defaultSoundClick = undefined;
+        /** @property {Color} - Color for shadow */
+        this.defaultShadowColor = CLEAR_BLACK;
+        /** @property {number} - Size of shadow blur */
+        this.defaultShadowBlur = 5;
+        /** @property {Vector2} - Offset of shadow blur */
+        this.defaultShadowOffset = vec2(5);
+        /** @property {number} - If set ui coords will be renormalized to this canvas height */
+        this.nativeHeight = 0;
+
+        // navigation properties
+        /** @property {UIObject} - Object currently selected by navigation (gamepad or keyboard) */
+        this.navigationObject = undefined;
+        /** @property {number} - Gamepad index to use for UI navigation */
+        this.navigationGamepadIndex = 0;
+        /** @property {Timer} - Cooldown timer for navigation inputs */
+        this.navigationTimer = new Timer(undefined, true);
+        /** @property {number} - Time between navigation inputs in seconds */
+        this.navigationDelay = .2;
+        /** @property {boolean} - should the navigation be horizontal, vertical, or both? */
+        this.navigationDirection = 1;
+        /** @property {boolean} - True if user last used navigation instead of mouse */
+        this.navigationMode = false;
+
+        // system state
         /** @property {Array<UIObject>} - List of all UI elements */
         this.uiObjects = [];
         /** @property {CanvasRenderingContext2D|OffscreenCanvasRenderingContext2D} - Context to render UI elements to */
@@ -8073,50 +8325,118 @@ class UISystemPlugin
         this.hoverObject = undefined;
         /** @property {UIObject} - Hover object at start of update */
         this.lastHoverObject = undefined;
-        /** @property {number} - If set ui coords will be renormalized to this canvas height */
-        this.nativeHeight = 0;
+        /** @property {UIObject} - Current confirm menu being shown */
+        this.confirmDialog = undefined;
 
         engineAddPlugin(uiUpdate, uiRender);
 
+        // set object position in parent space
+        function updateTransforms(o)
+        {
+            if (!o.parent) return;
+            o.pos.x = o.localPos.x + o.parent.pos.x;
+            o.pos.y = o.localPos.y + o.parent.pos.y;
+        }
+
         // setup recursive update and render
         // update in reverse order to detect mouse enter/leave
         function uiUpdate()
         {
-            function updateInvisibleObject(o)
+            if (uiSystem.activeObject && !uiSystem.activeObject.visible)
+                uiSystem.activeObject = undefined;
+
+            // reset hover object at start of update
+            uiSystem.lastHoverObject = uiSystem.hoverObject;
+            uiSystem.hoverObject = undefined;
+
+            if (mouseWasPressed(0))
             {
-                // update invisible objects
-                for (const c of o.children)
-                    updateInvisibleObject(c);
-                o.updateInvisible();
+                uiSystem.navigationMode = false;
+                uiSystem.navigationObject = undefined;
             }
-            function updateObject(o)
+
+            // navigation with gamepad/keyboard
+            const navigableObjects = uiSystem.getNavigableObjects();
+            if (!navigableObjects.length)
+                uiSystem.navigationObject = undefined;
+            else
             {
-                if (o.visible)
+                // unselect object if it is no longer navigable
+                if (!navigableObjects.includes(uiSystem.navigationObject))
+                    uiSystem.navigationObject = undefined;
+
+                if (!isTouchDevice)
+                if (uiSystem.navigationMode && !uiSystem.navigationObject)
                 {
-                    // set position in parent space
-                    if (o.parent)
-                        o.pos = o.localPos.add(o.parent.pos);
-                    // update in reverse order to detect mouse enter/leave
-                    for (let i=o.children.length; i--;)
-                        updateObject(o.children[i]);
-                    o.update();
+                    // select first auto focus object
+                    uiSystem.navigationObject = navigableObjects.find(o=>o.navigationAutoSelect);
                 }
-                else
-                    updateInvisibleObject(o);
+                
+                // navigate with dpad or left stick
+                if (!uiSystem.navigationTimer.active())
+                {
+                    // navigate through list with gamepad or keyboard
+                    const direction = sign(uiSystem.getNavigationDirection());
+                    if (direction)
+                    {
+                        let newNavigationObject;
+                        if (!uiSystem.navigationObject)
+                        {
+                            // use auto select object
+                            newNavigationObject = navigableObjects.find(o=>o.navigationAutoSelect);
+
+                            if (!newNavigationObject)
+                            {
+                                // try first or last object
+                                const newIndex = direction > 0 ? 0 : navigableObjects.length-1;
+                                newNavigationObject = navigableObjects[newIndex];
+                            }
+                        }
+                        else
+                        {
+                            const currentIndex = navigableObjects.indexOf(uiSystem.navigationObject);
+                            const newIndex = mod(currentIndex + direction, navigableObjects.length);
+                            newNavigationObject = navigableObjects[newIndex];
+                        }
+                        
+                        if (uiSystem.navigationObject !== newNavigationObject)
+                        {
+                            uiSystem.navigationMode = true;
+                            uiSystem.hoverObject = undefined;
+                            uiSystem.navigationObject = newNavigationObject;
+                            uiSystem.navigationTimer.set(uiSystem.navigationDelay);
+                            newNavigationObject.soundPress &&
+                                newNavigationObject.soundPress.play();
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // activate the navigation object when pressed
+                if (uiSystem.navigationObject)
+                if (uiSystem.getNavigationWasPressed())
+                    uiSystem.navigationObject.navigatePressed();
             }
-            // reset hover object at start of update
-            uiSystem.lastHoverObject = uiSystem.hoverObject;
-            uiSystem.hoverObject = undefined;
 
             // update in reverse order so topmost objects get priority
             for (let i = uiSystem.uiObjects.length; i--;)
             {
                 const o = uiSystem.uiObjects[i];
-                o.parent || updateObject(o)
+                o.parent || updateObject(o);
             }
 
             // remove destroyed objects
             uiSystem.uiObjects = uiSystem.uiObjects.filter(o=>!o.destroyed);
+
+            function updateObject(o)
+            {
+                if (!o.visible) return;
+
+                // update in reverse order to detect mouse enter/leave
+                updateTransforms(o);
+                for (let i=o.children.length; i--;)
+                    updateObject(o.children[i]);
+                o.update();
+            }
         }
         function uiRender()
         {
@@ -8133,15 +8453,29 @@ class UISystemPlugin
 
             function renderObject(o)
             {
-                if (!o.visible)
-                    return;
-                if (o.parent)
-                    o.pos = o.localPos.add(o.parent.pos);
+                if (!o.visible) return;
+
+                // render object and children
+                updateTransforms(o);
                 o.render();
                 for (const c of o.children)
                     renderObject(c);
             }
             uiSystem.uiObjects.forEach(o=> o.parent || renderObject(o));
+
+            if (uiDebug > 0)
+            {
+                // debug render all objects
+                function renderDebug(o, visible=true)
+                {
+                    visible &&= !!o.visible;
+                    updateTransforms(o);
+                    o.renderDebug(visible);
+                    for (const c of o.children)
+                        renderDebug(c, visible);
+                }
+                uiSystem.uiObjects.forEach(o=> o.parent || renderDebug(o));
+            }
             context.restore();
         }
     }
@@ -8153,8 +8487,11 @@ class UISystemPlugin
     *  @param {number}  [lineWidth]
     *  @param {Color}   [lineColor]
     *  @param {number}  [cornerRadius]
-    *  @param {Color}   [gradientColor] */
-    drawRect(pos, size, color=WHITE, lineWidth=0, lineColor=BLACK, cornerRadius=0, gradientColor)
+    *  @param {Color}   [gradientColor]
+    *  @param {Color}   [shadowColor]
+    *  @param {number}  [shadowBlur]
+    *  @param {Color}   [shadowOffset] */
+    drawRect(pos, size, color=WHITE, lineWidth=0, lineColor=BLACK, cornerRadius=0, gradientColor, shadowColor=BLACK, shadowBlur=0, shadowOffset=vec2())
     {
         ASSERT(isVector2(pos), 'pos must be a vec2');
         ASSERT(isVector2(size), 'size must be a vec2');
@@ -8176,13 +8513,23 @@ class UISystemPlugin
         }
         else
             context.fillStyle = color.toString();
+        if (shadowBlur || shadowOffset.x || shadowOffset.y)
+        if (shadowColor.a > 0)
+        {
+            // setup shadow
+            context.shadowColor = shadowColor.toString();
+            context.shadowBlur = shadowBlur;
+            context.shadowOffsetX = shadowOffset.x;
+            context.shadowOffsetY = shadowOffset.y;
+        }
         context.beginPath();
         if (cornerRadius && context['roundRect'])
             context['roundRect'](pos.x-size.x/2, pos.y-size.y/2, size.x, size.y, cornerRadius);
         else
             context.rect(pos.x-size.x/2, pos.y-size.y/2, size.x, size.y);
         context.fill();
-        if (lineWidth)
+        context.shadowColor = '#0000';
+        if (lineWidth && lineColor.a > 0)
         {
             context.strokeStyle = lineColor.toString();
             context.lineWidth = lineWidth;
@@ -8217,10 +8564,24 @@ class UISystemPlugin
     *  @param {TileInfo} tileInfo
     *  @param {Color}    [color=uiSystem.defaultColor]
     *  @param {number}   [angle]
-    *  @param {boolean}  [mirror] */
-    drawTile(pos, size, tileInfo, color=uiSystem.defaultColor, angle=0, mirror=false)
+    *  @param {boolean}  [mirror]
+    *  @param {Color}    [shadowColor]
+    *  @param {number}   [shadowBlur]
+    *  @param {Color}    [shadowOffset] */
+    drawTile(pos, size, tileInfo, color=uiSystem.defaultColor, angle=0, mirror=false, shadowColor=BLACK, shadowBlur=0, shadowOffset=vec2())
     {
-        drawTile(pos, size, tileInfo, color, angle, mirror, CLEAR_BLACK, false, true, uiSystem.uiContext);
+        const context = uiSystem.uiContext;
+        if (shadowBlur || shadowOffset.x || shadowOffset.y)
+        if (shadowColor.a > 0)
+        {
+            // setup shadow
+            context.shadowColor = shadowColor.toString();
+            context.shadowBlur = shadowBlur;
+            context.shadowOffsetX = shadowOffset.x;
+            context.shadowOffsetY = shadowOffset.y;
+        }
+        drawTile(pos, size, tileInfo, color, angle, mirror, CLEAR_BLACK, false, true, context);
+        context.shadowColor = '#0000';
     }
 
     /** Draw text to the UI context
@@ -8235,12 +8596,27 @@ class UISystemPlugin
     *  @param {string}  [fontStyle]
     *  @param {boolean} [applyMaxWidth=true]
     *  @param {Vector2} [textShadow]
-     */
-    drawText(text, pos, size, color=uiSystem.defaultColor, lineWidth=uiSystem.defaultLineWidth, lineColor=uiSystem.defaultLineColor, align='center', font=uiSystem.defaultFont, fontStyle='', applyMaxWidth=true, textShadow=undefined)
+    *  @param {Color}   [shadowColor]
+    *  @param {number}  [shadowBlur]
+    *  @param {Color}   [shadowOffset] */
+    drawText(text, pos, size, color=uiSystem.defaultColor, lineWidth=uiSystem.defaultLineWidth, lineColor=uiSystem.defaultLineColor, align='center', font=uiSystem.defaultFont, fontStyle='', applyMaxWidth=true, textShadow=undefined, shadowColor=BLACK, shadowBlur=0, shadowOffset=vec2())
     {
-        if (textShadow)
-            drawTextScreen(text, pos.add(textShadow), size.y, BLACK, lineWidth, lineColor, align, font, fontStyle, applyMaxWidth ? size.x : undefined, 0, uiSystem.uiContext);
-        drawTextScreen(text, pos, size.y, color, lineWidth, lineColor, align, font, fontStyle, applyMaxWidth ? size.x : undefined, 0, uiSystem.uiContext);
+        const context = uiSystem.uiContext;
+        if (shadowColor.a > 0)
+        {
+            if (textShadow)
+                drawTextScreen(text, pos.add(textShadow), size.y, shadowColor, lineWidth, lineColor, align, font, fontStyle, applyMaxWidth ? size.x : undefined, 0, context);
+            if (shadowBlur || shadowOffset.x || shadowOffset.y)
+            {
+                // setup shadow
+                context.shadowColor = shadowColor.toString();
+                context.shadowBlur = shadowBlur;
+                context.shadowOffsetX = shadowOffset.x;
+                context.shadowOffsetY = shadowOffset.y;
+            }
+        }
+        drawTextScreen(text, pos, size.y, color, lineWidth, lineColor, align, font, fontStyle, applyMaxWidth ? size.x : undefined, 0, context);
+        context.shadowColor = '#0000';
     }
 
     /**
@@ -8254,7 +8630,7 @@ class UISystemPlugin
     *  @param {DragAndDropCallback} [onDrop] - when a file is dropped
     *  @param {DragAndDropCallback} [onDragEnter] - when a file is dragged onto the window
     *  @param {DragAndDropCallback} [onDragLeave] - when a file is dragged off the window
-    *  @param {DragAndDropCallback} [onDragOver] - continously when dragging over */
+    *  @param {DragAndDropCallback} [onDragOver] - continuously when dragging over */
     setupDragAndDrop(onDrop, onDragEnter, onDragLeave, onDragOver)
     {
         function setCallback(callback, listenerType)
@@ -8270,8 +8646,7 @@ class UISystemPlugin
 
     /** Convert a screen space position to native UI position
      *  @param {Vector2} pos
-     *  @return {Vector2}
-     */
+     *  @return {Vector2} */
     screenToNative(pos)
     {
         if (!uiSystem.nativeHeight)
@@ -8294,6 +8669,160 @@ class UISystemPlugin
         for (const o of this.uiObjects)
             o.parent || o.destroy();
         this.uiObjects = this.uiObjects.filter(o=>!o.destroyed);
+        this.activeObject = undefined;
+        this.hoverObject = undefined;
+        this.lastHoverObject = undefined;
+    }
+
+    /** Get all navigable UI objects sorted by navigationIndex
+     *  @return {Array<UIObject>} */
+    getNavigableObjects()
+    {
+        function getNavigableRecursive(o)
+        {
+            if (!o.visible || o.disabled)
+                return; // skip children if parent is invisible or disabled
+
+            if (o.isInteractive() && o.navigationIndex !== undefined)
+                objects.push(o);
+            for (let i=o.children.length; i--;)
+                getNavigableRecursive(o.children[i]);
+        }
+
+        // get all the valid navigable objects recursively
+        let objects = [];
+        for (let i = uiSystem.uiObjects.length; i--;)
+        {
+            const o = uiSystem.uiObjects[i];
+            if (uiSystem.confirmDialog && o !== uiSystem.confirmDialog)
+                continue;
+            o.parent || getNavigableRecursive(o);
+        }
+
+        // sort by navigationIndex (lower numbers first)
+        objects.sort((a, b)=> a.navigationIndex - b.navigationIndex);
+        return objects;
+    }
+
+    /** Get navigation direction from gamepad or keyboard
+     *  @return {number} */
+    getNavigationDirection()
+    {
+        const vertical = uiSystem.navigationDirection === 1;
+        const both = uiSystem.navigationDirection === 2;
+        if (isUsingGamepad)
+        {
+            const gamepad = this.navigationGamepadIndex;
+            const stick = gamepadStick(0, gamepad);
+            const dpad = gamepadDpad(gamepad);
+            if (both)
+                return -(stick.y || dpad.y) || (stick.x || dpad.x);
+            return vertical ? -(stick.y || dpad.y) : (stick.x || dpad.x);
+        }
+        const up = 'ArrowUp', down = 'ArrowDown', left = 'ArrowLeft', right = 'ArrowRight';
+        if (both)
+        {
+            return keyIsDown(up) || keyIsDown(left) ? -1 : 
+                keyIsDown(down) || keyIsDown(right) ? 1 : 0;
+        }
+        const back = vertical ? up : left;
+        const forward = vertical ? down : right;
+        return keyIsDown(back) ? -1 : keyIsDown(forward) ? 1 : 0;
+    }
+
+    /** Get other axis navigation direction from gamepad or keyboard
+     *  @return {Vector2} */
+    getNavigationOtherDirection()
+    {
+        if (uiSystem.navigationDirection === 2)
+            return 0; // other direction disabled
+
+        const vertical = uiSystem.navigationDirection === 1;
+        if (isUsingGamepad)
+        {
+            const gamepad = this.navigationGamepadIndex;
+            const stick = gamepadStick(0, gamepad);
+            const dpad = gamepadDpad(gamepad);
+            return !vertical ? (stick.y || dpad.y) : (stick.x || dpad.x);
+        }
+        const back = !vertical ? 'ArrowUp' : 'ArrowLeft';
+        const forward = !vertical ? 'ArrowDown' : 'ArrowRight';
+        return keyIsDown(back) ? -1 : keyIsDown(forward) ? 1 : 0;
+    }
+
+    /** Get if navigation button was pressed from gamepad or keyboard
+     *  @return {boolean} */
+    getNavigationWasPressed()
+    {
+        const gamepad = this.navigationGamepadIndex;
+        return isUsingGamepad ? gamepadWasPressed(0, gamepad) : 
+            keyWasPressed('Space') || keyWasPressed('Enter');
+    }
+        
+    /** Show a confirmation dialog with Yes/No buttons
+     *  Centers the dialog on the screen with darkened background
+     *  @param {string} [text] - The message to display
+     *  @param {Function} [yesCallback] - Called when Yes is clicked
+     *  @param {Function} [noCallback] - Called when No is clicked
+     *  @param {Vector2} [size] - Size of the confirmation dialog
+     *  @param {string} [exitKey] - Key that can exit the menu
+     *  @return {UIObject} The confirmation menu object
+     */
+    showConfirmDialog(text='Are you sure?', yesCallback, noCallback, size=vec2(500,250), exitKey='Escape')
+    {
+        ASSERT(!uiSystem.confirmDialog);
+
+        const savedNavigationDirection = uiSystem.navigationDirection;
+
+        // allow both axies for navigation
+        uiSystem.navigationDirection = 2;
+
+        // confirm menu
+        const confirmMenu = new UIObject(vec2(), size);
+        uiSystem.confirmDialog = confirmMenu;
+        confirmMenu.onRender = ()=> 
+        {
+            confirmMenu.pos = uiSystem.screenToNative(mainCanvasSize.scale(.5));
+            const backgroundColor = hsl(0,0,0,.7);
+            uiSystem.drawRect(vec2(), vec2(1e9), backgroundColor);
+        }
+        confirmMenu.onUpdate = ()=>
+        {
+            if (keyWasPressed(exitKey))
+                closeMenu();
+        }
+        confirmMenu.isMouseOverlapping = ()=> true; // always hover
+        
+        // title text
+        const gap = 50;
+        const textTitle = new UIText(vec2(0,-50), vec2(size.x-gap,70), text);
+        confirmMenu.addChild(textTitle);
+        
+        // yes button
+        const buttonYes = new UIButton(vec2(-80,50), vec2(120,70), 'Yes');
+        buttonYes.textHeight = 40;
+        buttonYes.navigationIndex = 1;
+        buttonYes.hoverColor = hsl(0,1,.5);
+        buttonYes.onClick = ()=> { closeMenu(); yesCallback && yesCallback(); }; 
+        confirmMenu.addChild(buttonYes);
+        
+        // no button
+        const buttonNo = new UIButton(vec2(80,50), vec2(120,70), 'No');
+        buttonNo.textHeight = 40;
+        buttonNo.navigationIndex = 2;
+        buttonNo.navigationAutoSelect = true;
+        buttonNo.onClick = ()=> { closeMenu(); noCallback && noCallback(); };
+        confirmMenu.addChild(buttonNo);
+
+        // close menu and return to normal navigation
+        function closeMenu()
+        {
+            ASSERT(uiSystem.confirmDialog === confirmMenu);
+            confirmMenu.destroy();
+            uiSystem.confirmDialog = undefined;
+            uiSystem.navigationDirection = savedNavigationDirection;
+            inputClear();
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -8349,7 +8878,13 @@ class UIObject
         /** @property {number} - Override for text height */
         this.textHeight = undefined;
         /** @property {number} - Scale text to fit in the object */
-        this.textScale = uiSystem.defaultTextScale;
+        this.textFitScale = uiSystem.defaultTextFitScale;
+        /** @property {Vector2} - How much to offset the text shadow or undefined */
+        this.textShadow = undefined;
+        /** @property {number} - Color for text line drawing  */
+        this.textLineColor = uiSystem.defaultLineColor.copy();
+        /** @property {number} - Width for text line drawing */
+        this.textLineWidth = 0;
         /** @property {boolean} - Should this object be drawn */
         this.visible  = true;
         /** @property {Array<UIObject>} - A list of this object's children */
@@ -8370,15 +8905,22 @@ class UIObject
         this.dragActivate = false;
         /** @property {boolean} - True if this can be a hover object */
         this.canBeHover = true;
-        uiSystem.uiObjects.push(this);
+        /** @property {Color} - Color for shadow, undefined if no shadow */
+        this.shadowColor = uiSystem.defaultShadowColor?.copy();
+        /** @property {number} - Size of shadow blur */
+        this.shadowBlur = uiSystem.defaultShadowBlur;
+        /** @property {Vector2} - Offset of shadow blur */
+        this.shadowOffset = uiSystem.defaultShadowOffset?.copy();
+        /** @property {number} - Optional navigation order index, lower values are selected first */
+        this.navigationIndex = undefined;
+        /** @property {boolean} - Should this be auto selected by navigation? Must also have valid navigation index. */
+        this.navigationAutoSelect = false;
         
-        /** @property {Vector2} - How much to offset the text shadow or undefined */
-        this.textShadow = undefined;
+        uiSystem.uiObjects.push(this);
     }
 
     /** Add a child UIObject to this object
-     *  @param {UIObject} child
-     */
+     *  @param {UIObject} child */
     addChild(child)
     {
         ASSERT(!child.parent && !this.children.includes(child));
@@ -8387,8 +8929,7 @@ class UIObject
     }
 
     /** Remove a child UIObject from this object
-     *  @param {UIObject} child
-     */
+     *  @param {UIObject} child */
     removeChild(child)
     {
         ASSERT(child.parent === this && this.children.includes(child));
@@ -8396,7 +8937,6 @@ class UIObject
         child.parent = undefined;
     }
 
-
     /** Destroy this object, destroy its children, detach its parent, and mark it for removal */
     destroy()
     {
@@ -8412,9 +8952,9 @@ class UIObject
             child.destroy();
         }
     }
+
     /** Check if the mouse is overlapping a box in screen space
-     *  @return {boolean} - True if overlapping
-     */
+     *  @return {boolean} - True if overlapping */
     isMouseOverlapping()
     {
         if (!mouseInWindow) return false;
@@ -8431,11 +8971,16 @@ class UIObject
         // call the custom update callback
         this.onUpdate();
 
+        // unset active if disabled
+        if (this.disabled && this == uiSystem.activeObject)
+            uiSystem.activeObject = undefined;
+
         const wasHover = uiSystem.lastHoverObject === this;
         const isActive = this.isActiveObject();
         const mouseDown = mouseIsDown(0);
         const mousePress = this.dragActivate ? mouseDown : mouseWasPressed(0);
         if (this.canBeHover)
+        if (!uiSystem.navigationMode) // no mouse hover in navigation mode
         if (mousePress || isActive || (!mouseDown && !isTouchDevice))
         if (!uiSystem.hoverObject && this.isMouseOverlapping())
             uiSystem.hoverObject = this;
@@ -8449,8 +8994,7 @@ class UIObject
                     {
                         if (!this.dragActivate || (!wasHover || mouseWasPressed(0)))
                             this.onPress();
-                        if (this.soundPress)
-                            this.soundPress.play();
+                        this.soundPress && this.soundPress.play();
                         if (uiSystem.activeObject && !isActive)
                             uiSystem.activeObject.onRelease();
                         uiSystem.activeObject = this;
@@ -8459,10 +9003,10 @@ class UIObject
                 if (!mouseDown && this.isActiveObject() && this.interactive)
                 {
                     this.onClick();
-                    if (this.soundClick)
-                        this.soundClick.play();
+                    this.soundClick && this.soundClick.play();
                 }
             }
+
             // clear mouse was pressed state even when disabled
             mousePress && inputClearKey(0,0,0,1,0);
         }
@@ -8470,8 +9014,7 @@ class UIObject
         if (!mouseDown || (this.dragActivate && !this.isHoverObject()))
         {
             this.onRelease();
-            if (this.soundRelease)
-                this.soundRelease.play();
+            this.soundRelease && this.soundRelease.play();
             uiSystem.activeObject = undefined;
         }
 
@@ -8483,29 +9026,40 @@ class UIObject
     /** Render the object, called automatically by plugin once each frame */
     render()
     {
-        if (!this.size.x || !this.size.y) return;
+        // call the custom render callback
+        this.onRender();
 
-        const lineColor = this.interactive && this.isActiveObject() && !this.disabled ? this.color : this.lineColor;
-        const color = this.disabled ? this.disabledColor : this.interactive ? this.isActiveObject() ? this.activeColor || this.color : this.isHoverObject() ? this.hoverColor : this.color : this.color;
-        uiSystem.drawRect(this.pos, this.size, color, this.lineWidth, lineColor, this.cornerRadius, this.gradientColor);
-    }
+        if (!this.size.x || !this.size.y) return;
 
-    /** Special update when object is not visible */
-    updateInvisible()
-    {
-        // reset input state when not visible
-        if (this.isActiveObject())
-            uiSystem.activeObject = undefined;
+        const isNavigationObject = this.isNavigationObject();
+        const lineColor = isNavigationObject ? this.color :
+            this.interactive && this.isActiveObject() && !this.disabled ?
+            this.color : this.lineColor;
+        const color = isNavigationObject ? this.hoverColor :
+            this.disabled ? this.disabledColor : 
+            this.interactive ? 
+                this.isHoverObject() ? this.hoverColor : 
+                this.isActiveObject() ? this.activeColor || this.color : 
+                this.color : this.color;
+        const lineWidth = this.lineWidth * (isNavigationObject ? 1.5 : 1);
+        
+        uiSystem.drawRect(this.pos, this.size, color, lineWidth, lineColor, this.cornerRadius, this.gradientColor, this.shadowColor, this.shadowBlur, this.shadowOffset);
     }
 
     /** Get the size for text with overrides and scale
-     *  @return {Vector2}
-     */
+     *  @return {Vector2} */
     getTextSize()
     {
         return vec2(
-            this.textWidth  || this.textScale * this.size.x, 
-            this.textHeight || this.textScale * this.size.y);
+            this.textWidth  || this.textFitScale * this.size.x, 
+            this.textHeight || this.textFitScale * this.size.y);
+    }
+
+    /** Called when the navigation button is pressed on this object */
+    navigatePressed()
+    {
+        this.onClick();
+        this.soundClick && this.soundClick.play();
     }
 
     /** @return {boolean} - Is the mouse hovering over this element */
@@ -8514,9 +9068,51 @@ class UIObject
     /** @return {boolean} - Is the mouse held onto this element */
     isActiveObject() { return uiSystem.activeObject === this; }
 
-    /** Called each frame when object updates */
+    /** @return {boolean} - Is the gamepad or keyboard navigation object */
+    isNavigationObject() { return uiSystem.navigationObject === this; }
+
+    /** @return {boolean} - Can it be interacted with */
+    isInteractive() { return this.interactive && this.visible && !this.disabled;}
+
+    /** Returns string containing info about this object for debugging
+     *  @return {string} */
+    toString()
+    {
+        if (!debug) return;
+        
+        let text = 'type = ' + this.constructor.name;
+        if (this.text)
+            text += '\ntext = ' + this.text;
+        if (this.pos.x || this.pos.y)
+            text += '\npos = ' + this.pos;
+        if (this.localPos.x || this.localPos.y)
+            text += '\localPos = ' + this.localPos;
+        if (this.size.x || this.size.y)
+            text += '\nsize = ' + this.size;
+        if (this.color)
+            text += '\ncolor = ' + this.color;
+        return text;
+    }
+
+    /** Called if uiDebug is enabled
+     *  @param {boolean} visible */
+    renderDebug(visible=true)
+    {
+        // apply color based on state
+        const color = 
+            !visible ? GREEN :
+            this.isHoverObject() ? YELLOW : 
+            this.disabled ? PURPLE :
+            this.interactive ? RED : BLUE;
+        uiSystem.drawRect(this.pos, this.size, CLEAR_BLACK, 4, color);
+    }
+
+    /** Called each frame before object updates */
     onUpdate() {}
 
+    /** Called each frame before object renders */
+    onRender() {}
+
     /** Called when the mouse enters the object */
     onEnter() {}
 
@@ -8564,16 +9160,25 @@ class UIText extends UIObject
         this.align = align;
         this.font = font;
 
-        // make text not outlined by default
-        this.lineWidth = 0;
         // text can not be a hover object by default
         this.canBeHover = false;
+        
+        // no background by default
+        this.color = CLEAR_BLACK;
+        this.shadowColor = CLEAR_BLACK;
+        this.gradientColor = undefined;
+        this.lineWidth = 0;
+
+        // use max fit scale by default
+        this.textFitScale = 1;
     }
     render()
     {
-        // only render the text
+        super.render();
+
+        // render the text
         const textSize = this.getTextSize();
-        uiSystem.drawText(this.text, this.pos, textSize, this.textColor, this.lineWidth, this.lineColor, this.align, this.font, this.fontStyle, true, this.textShadow);
+        uiSystem.drawText(this.text, this.pos, textSize, this.textColor, this.textLineWidth, this.textLineColor, this.align, this.font, this.fontStyle, true, this.textShadow, this.shadowColor, this.shadowBlur, this.shadowOffset);
     }
 }
 
@@ -8609,10 +9214,13 @@ class UITile extends UIObject
         this.mirror = mirror;
         // set properties
         this.color = color.copy();
+
+        // no shadow by default
+        this.shadowColor = CLEAR_BLACK;
     }
     render()
     {
-        uiSystem.drawTile(this.pos, this.size, this.tileInfo, this.color, this.angle, this.mirror);
+        uiSystem.drawTile(this.pos, this.size, this.tileInfo, this.color, this.angle, this.mirror, this.shadowColor, this.shadowBlur, this.shadowOffset);
     }
 }
 
@@ -8637,6 +9245,9 @@ class UIButton extends UIObject
         ASSERT(isString(text), 'ui button must be a string');
         ASSERT(isColor(color), 'ui button color must be a color');
 
+        /** @property {Vector2} - Text offset for the button */
+        this.textOffset = vec2();
+
         // set properties
         this.text = text;
         this.color = color.copy();
@@ -8648,8 +9259,8 @@ class UIButton extends UIObject
         
         // draw the text scaled to fit
         const textSize = this.getTextSize();
-        uiSystem.drawText(this.text, this.pos, textSize, 
-            this.textColor, 0, undefined, this.align, this.font, this.fontStyle, true, this.textShadow);
+        uiSystem.drawText(this.text, this.pos.add(this.textOffset), textSize, 
+            this.textColor, this.textLineWidth, this.textLineColor, this.align, this.font, this.fontStyle, true, this.textShadow);
     }
 }
 
@@ -8703,7 +9314,7 @@ class UICheckbox extends UIObject
         const textSize = this.getTextSize();
         const pos = this.pos.add(vec2(this.size.x,0));
         uiSystem.drawText(this.text, pos, textSize, 
-            this.textColor, 0, undefined, 'left', this.font, this.fontStyle, false, this.textShadow);
+            this.textColor, this.textLineWidth, this.textLineColor, 'left', this.font, this.fontStyle, false, this.textShadow);
     }
 }
 
@@ -8745,7 +9356,11 @@ class UIScrollbar extends UIObject
     update()
     {
         super.update();
-        if (this.isActiveObject() && this.interactive)
+        if (!this.interactive)
+            return;
+
+        const oldValue = this.value;
+        if (this.isActiveObject())
         {
             // handle horizontal or vertical scrollbar
             const isHorizontal = this.size.x > this.size.y;
@@ -8757,14 +9372,19 @@ class UIScrollbar extends UIObject
             const handleWidth = barSize - handleSize;
             const p1 = centerPos - handleWidth/2;
             const p2 = centerPos + handleWidth/2;
-            const oldValue = this.value;
-
             const p = uiSystem.screenToNative(mousePosScreen);
             this.value = isHorizontal ? 
                 percent(p.x, p1, p2) :
                 percent(p.y, p2, p1);
-            this.value === oldValue || this.onChange();
         }
+        else if (this.isNavigationObject())
+        {
+            // gamepad/keyboard navigation adjustment
+            const direction = uiSystem.getNavigationOtherDirection();
+            if (!uiSystem.navigationTimer.active())
+                this.value = clamp(this.value + direction*.01);
+        }
+        this.value === oldValue || this.onChange();
     }
     render()
     {
@@ -8789,7 +9409,14 @@ class UIScrollbar extends UIObject
         // draw the text scaled to fit on the scrollbar
         const textSize = this.getTextSize();
         uiSystem.drawText(this.text, this.pos, textSize, 
-            this.textColor, 0, undefined, this.align, this.font, this.fontStyle, true, this.textShadow);
+            this.textColor, this.textLineWidth, this.textLineColor, this.align, this.font, this.fontStyle, true, this.textShadow);
+    }
+    navigatePressed()
+    {
+        // toggle value between 0 and 1
+        this.value = this.value ? 0 : 1;
+        this.onRelease();
+        super.navigatePressed();
     }
 }
 
@@ -8823,7 +9450,7 @@ class UIVideo extends UIObject
         this.color = BLACK; // default to black background
         this.cornerRadius = 0; // default to no corner radius
 
-        /** @property {float} - The video volume */
+        /** @property {number} - The video volume */
         this.volume = volume;
 
         // create video element
@@ -8856,7 +9483,7 @@ class UIVideo extends UIObject
     
     /** Check if video is currently loading
      *  @return {boolean} */
-    isLoadng()
+    isLoading()
     { return this.video.readyState < this.video.HAVE_CURRENT_DATA; }
     
     /** Check if video is currently paused
@@ -8866,7 +9493,7 @@ class UIVideo extends UIObject
     /** Check if video is currently playing
      *  @return {boolean} */
     isPlaying()
-    { return !this.isPaused() && !this.hasEnded() && !this.isLoadng(); }
+    { return !this.isPaused() && !this.hasEnded() && !this.isLoading(); }
     
     /** Check if video has ended playing
      *  @return {boolean} */
@@ -8915,7 +9542,7 @@ class UIVideo extends UIObject
     {
         super.render();
 
-        if (this.isLoadng())
+        if (this.isLoading())
             return;
         const context = uiSystem.uiContext;
         const s = this.size;
@@ -10699,7 +11326,7 @@ class Box2dPlugin
      *  @param {Vector2} v */
     vec2dTo(v)
     {
-        ASSERT(v instanceof Vector2);
+        ASSERT(isVector2(v));
         return new box2d.instance.b2Vec2(v.x, v.y);
     }