linny-r 3.0.5 → 3.0.7

package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "linny-r",
-  "version": "3.0.5",
+  "version": "3.0.7",
   "description": "Executable graphical language with WYSIWYG editor for MILP models",
   "main": "server.js",
   "scripts": {

package/static/scripts/linny-r-gui-chart-manager.js

@@ -906,6 +906,7 @@ class GUIChartManager extends ChartManager {
   }
   
   toggleVariable(vi, event) {
+    // Toggle the "display this variable in the chart" (yes/no) property.
     window.event.stopPropagation();
     if(vi >= 0 && this.chart_index >= 0) {
       const v_list = MODEL.charts[this.chart_index].variables;
@@ -937,9 +938,9 @@ class GUIChartManager extends ChartManager {
           UI.setBox('v-box-' + vi, nv);
         }
       }
-      // redraw chart and table (with one variable more or less)
+      // Redraw chart and table (with one variable more or less).
       this.drawChart();
-      // Also update the experiment viewer (charts define the output variables)
+      // Also update the experiment viewer (charts define the output variables).
       if(EXPERIMENT_MANAGER.selected_experiment) {
         EXPERIMENT_MANAGER.updateDialog();
       }
@@ -947,6 +948,7 @@ class GUIChartManager extends ChartManager {
   }
   
   moveVariable(dir) {
+    // Move variable up or down in the chart variable list.
     if(this.chart_index >= 0 && this.variable_index >= 0) {
       const c = MODEL.charts[this.chart_index];
       let vi = this.variable_index;
@@ -961,6 +963,7 @@ class GUIChartManager extends ChartManager {
   }
   
   modifyVariable() {
+    // Update the properties of the variable being edited.
     if(this.variable_index >= 0) {
       const s = UI.validNumericInput('variable-scale', 'scale factor');
       if(!s) return;
@@ -978,16 +981,20 @@ class GUIChartManager extends ChartManager {
       cv.color = this.color_picker.color.hexString;
       // NOTE: Clear the vector so it will be recalculated.
       cv.vector.length = 0;
+      // Likewise clear the display name cache.
+      cv.display_name = '';
     }
     this.variable_modal.hide();
     this.updateDialog();
   }
   
   renameEquation() {
-    // Renames the selected variable (if it is an equation)
+    // Rename the selected variable (if it is an equation).
     if(this.chart_index >= 0 && this.variable_index >= 0) {
       const v = MODEL.charts[this.chart_index].variables[this.variable_index];
       if(v.object === MODEL.equations_dataset || v.object instanceof DatasetModifier) {
+        // Clear the display name cache (anticipating a name change).
+        v.display_name = '';
         const m = MODEL.equations_dataset.modifiers[UI.nameToID(v.attribute)];
         if(m instanceof DatasetModifier) {
           EQUATION_MANAGER.selected_modifier = m;
@@ -998,7 +1005,7 @@ class GUIChartManager extends ChartManager {
   }
   
   editEquation() {
-    // Opens the expression editor for the selected variable (if equation)
+    // Open the expression editor for the selected variable (if equation).
     if(this.chart_index >= 0 && this.variable_index >= 0) {
       const v = MODEL.charts[this.chart_index].variables[this.variable_index];
       if(v.object === MODEL.equations_dataset || v.object instanceof DatasetModifier) {
@@ -1012,14 +1019,15 @@ class GUIChartManager extends ChartManager {
   }
 
   deleteVariable() {
-    // Deletes the selected variable from the chart
+    // Delete the selected variable from the chart.
     if(this.variable_index >= 0) {
       MODEL.charts[this.chart_index].variables.splice(this.variable_index, 1);
       this.variable_index = -1;
       this.updateDialog();
       // Also update the experiment viewer (charts define the output variables)
       // and finder dialog.
-      if(EXPERIMENT_MANAGER.selected_experiment) UI.updateControllerDialogs('FX');
+      if(EXPERIMENT_MANAGER.selected_experiment) EXPERIMENT_MANAGER.updateDialog();
+      FINDER.updateDialog();
     }
     this.variable_modal.hide();
   }
@@ -1106,7 +1114,7 @@ class GUIChartManager extends ChartManager {
   
   stretchChart(delta) {
     this.stretch_factor = Math.max(1, Math.min(10, this.stretch_factor + delta));
-    // NOTE: do not use 'auto', as this produces poor results
+    // NOTE: Do not use 'auto', as this produces poor results.
     document.getElementById('chart-svg-scroller').style.overflowX =
         (this.stretch_factor === 1 ? 'hidden' : 'scroll');
     const csc = document.getElementById('chart-svg-container');
@@ -1157,7 +1165,7 @@ class GUIChartManager extends ChartManager {
   }
   
   downloadChart(shift) {
-    // Pushe the SVG of the selected chart as file to the browser.
+    // Push the SVG of the selected chart as file to the browser.
     if(this.chart_index >= 0) {
       const
           chart = MODEL.charts[this.chart_index],
@@ -1185,7 +1193,7 @@ class GUIChartManager extends ChartManager {
   }
   
   actuallyDrawChart() {
-    // Draw the chart, and reset the cursor when done
+    // Draw the chart, and reset the cursor when done.
     MODEL.charts[this.chart_index].draw();
     this.drawing_chart = false;
     this.drawTable();

package/static/scripts/linny-r-gui-finder.js

@@ -554,7 +554,7 @@ class Finder {
         stack = UI.boxChecked('confirm-add-chart-variables-stacked'),
         equations = this.entities[0] instanceof DatasetModifier,
         enl = [];
-    for(const e of this.entities) enl.push(equations ? e.selector : e.name);
+    for(const e of this.entities) enl.push(equations ? e.selector : e.displayName);
     enl.sort((a, b) => UI.compareFullNames(a, b, true));
     for(const en of enl) {
       let vi = null;

package/static/scripts/linny-r-milp.js

@@ -104,26 +104,25 @@ module.exports = class MILPSolver {
     const
         windows = os.platform().startsWith('win'),
         path_list = process.env.PATH.split(path.delimiter);
-    // Iterate over all seprate paths in environment variable PATH. 
+    // Iterate over all separate paths in environment variable PATH.
+    // NOTE: gurobi_cl.exe version 12 and higher appears not to exit cleanly
+    // for some models (not clear when), so keep track of all Gurobi paths.
+    let gsp = {};
     for(const p of path_list) {
       // Assume that path is not a solver path.
       sp = '';
       // Check whether it is a Gurobi path.
       match = p.match(/gurobi(\d+)/i);
-      if(match) sp = p;
-      // If so, ensure that it has a higher version number.
-      if(sp && parseInt(match[1]) > max_vn) {
+      if(match) {
         // Check whether command line version is executable.
-        sp = path.join(sp, 'gurobi_cl' + (windows ? '.exe' : ''));
+        sp = path.join(p, 'gurobi_cl' + (windows ? '.exe' : ''));
         try {
           fs.accessSync(sp, fs.constants.X_OK);
-          console.log('Path to Gurobi:', sp);
-          this.solver_list.gurobi = {name: 'Gurobi', path: sp};
-          max_vn = parseInt(match[1]);
+          gsp[match[1]] = p;
         } catch(err) {
           console.log(err.message);
           console.log(
-              'WARNING: Failed to access the Gurobi command line application');
+              'WARNING: Failed to access the Gurobi command line application', sp);
         }
       }
       if(sp) continue;
@@ -187,6 +186,22 @@ module.exports = class MILPSolver {
       }
       // NOTE: Order of paths is unknown, so keep iterating.
     }
+    // Only now set the Gurobi path. To force using a version < 12 (if installed),
+    // set before_12 to TRUE.
+    const
+        before_12 = false,
+        gsp_keys = Object.keys(gsp).sort();
+    while(gsp_keys.length) {
+      const
+          k = gsp_keys.pop(),
+          version = Math.trunc(parseInt(k) / 100);
+      if(version < 12 || !before_12) {
+        this.solver_list.gurobi = {name: 'Gurobi',
+            path: path.join(gsp[k], 'gurobi_cl')};
+        console.log('Path to Gurobi:', this.solver_list.gurobi.path);
+        break;
+      }
+    }
     // For macOS, look in applications directory if not found in PATH.
     if(!this.solver_list.gurobi && !windows) {
       console.log('Looking for Gurobi in /usr/local/bin');

package/static/scripts/linny-r-model.js

@@ -2701,6 +2701,8 @@ class LinnyRModel {
         UNDO_STACK.addXML(a.asXML);
         this.removeImport(a);
         this.removeExport(a);
+        // Ensure that chart variables referencing this actor are removed.
+        this.removeActorChartVariables(a);
         delete this.actors[k];
       }
     }
@@ -2823,6 +2825,49 @@ class LinnyRModel {
     }
     return xl;
   }
+  
+  updateChartVariables(e) {
+    // Ensure that all chart variable names based on entity `e` will be
+    // displayed correctly the next time they are drawn.
+console.log('HERE e', e.displayName);
+    const sc = this.charts[CHART_MANAGER.chart_index];
+    let ucm = false;
+    for(const c of this.charts) {
+      for(const v of c.variables) {
+        console.log('HERE v', v.displayName);
+        if(v.object === e) {
+          v.display_name = '';
+          console.log('HERE v new', v.displayName);
+          ucm = ucm || c === sc;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    if(ucm) CHART_MANAGER.updateDialog();
+  }
+
+  removeActorChartVariables(a) {
+    // Ensure that all chart variable names based on entity `e` or actor `a`
+    // will be displayed correctly the next time they are drawn.
+    const sc = this.charts[CHART_MANAGER.chart_index];
+    let ucm = false;
+    for(const c of this.charts) {
+      for(let vi = 0; vi < c.variables.length; vi++) {
+        if(c.variables[vi].object === a) {
+          c.variables.splice(vi, 1);
+          if(c === sc) {
+            ucm = true;
+            if(CHART_MANAGER.variable_index === vi) {
+              CHART_MANAGER.variable_index = -1;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    // Update stay-on-top dialogs (if needed).
+    if(ucm) CHART_MANAGER.updateDialog();
+    if(EXPERIMENT_MANAGER.selected_experiment) EXPERIMENT_MANAGER.updateDialog();
+    FINDER.updateDialog();
+  }
 
   replaceEntityInExpressions(en1, en2, notify=true) {
     // Replace entity name `en1` by `en2` in all variables in all expressions
@@ -2853,12 +2898,6 @@ class LinnyRModel {
           pluralS(ioc.expression_count, 'expression');
       if(notify) UI.notify('Renamed ' + replace_msg);
     }
-    // Clear display name cache of potentially affected chart variables.
-    for(const c of this.charts) {
-      for(const v of c.variables) {
-        if(v.display_name.indexOf(en1) >= 0) v.display_name = '';
-      }
-    }    
     // Rename entities in parameters and outcomes of sensitivity analysis.
     for(let i = 0; i < this.sensitivity_parameters.length; i++) {
       const sp = this.sensitivity_parameters[i].split('|');
@@ -5181,6 +5220,8 @@ class Actor {
     MODEL.actors[a.identifier] = this;
     // Remove the old entry.
     delete MODEL.actors[old_id];
+    // Ensure that cached variable names are updated.
+    MODEL.updateChartVariables(this);
     MODEL.replaceEntityInExpressions(old_name, this.name);
     MODEL.inferIgnoredEntities();
   }
@@ -6042,6 +6083,8 @@ class NodeBox extends ObjectWithXYWH {
     }
     // Update actor list in case some actor name is no longer used.
     MODEL.cleanUpActors();
+    // Ensure that cached variable names are updated.
+    MODEL.updateChartVariables(this);
     // Update expression texts.
     MODEL.replaceEntityInExpressions(old_name, this.displayName);
     // NOTE: Renaming changes identifier that is used as index in
@@ -9747,6 +9790,8 @@ class Dataset {
     this.name = name;
     MODEL.datasets[new_id] = this;
     if(old_id !== new_id) delete MODEL.datasets[old_id];
+    // Ensure that cached variable names are updated.
+    MODEL.updateChartVariables(this);
     MODEL.replaceEntityInExpressions(old_name, name, notify);
     return MODEL.datasets[new_id];
   }
@@ -10698,7 +10743,7 @@ class Chart {
       }
     }
 
-    // NOTE: chart may display experiment run results, rather than MODEL results
+    // NOTE: Chart may display experiment run results, rather than MODEL results.
     let runnrs = '';
     const runs = EXPERIMENT_MANAGER.selectedRuns(this);
     if(runs.length > 0) {
@@ -10739,6 +10784,8 @@ class Chart {
               const rri = selx.resultIndex(v.displayName);
               let bv;
               if(rri >= 0) {
+                // When run results are available, use their already
+                // computed statisitics.
                 const
                     r = selx.runs[this.run_index],
                     rr = r.results[rri];
@@ -10767,7 +10814,9 @@ class Chart {
                 minv = Math.min(minv, bv);
                 maxv = Math.max(maxv, bv);
               }
+              // ... otherwise, do not add data for the bar chart.
             } else {
+              // Regular line chart => compute vector for this run.
               v.computeVector();
               minv = Math.min(minv, v.lowestValueInVector);
               maxv = Math.max(maxv, v.highestValueInVector);
@@ -10776,6 +10825,7 @@ class Chart {
           // Reset to prevent using experiment outcomes when this is not intended.
           this.run_index = -1;
         } else {
+          // No experiment runs selected => compute vector as usual.
           this.run_index = -1;
           v.computeVector();
           minv = Math.min(minv, v.lowestValueInVector);
@@ -10787,6 +10837,7 @@ class Chart {
     // Now all vectors have been computed. If `display` is FALSE, this
     // indicates that data is used only to save model results.
     if(!display) return;
+
     // Define the bins when drawing as histogram.
     if(this.histogram) {
       this.value_range = maxv - minv;

package/static/scripts/linny-r-vm.js

@@ -2304,7 +2304,7 @@ class VirtualMachine {
     // for the numerical stability. Meanwhile, the slack variables themselves
     // will have values 1/sm times the actual slack, so this needs to be
     // scaled back in solver messages.
-    this.SLACK_MULTIPLIER = 0.01;
+    this.SLACK_MULTIPLIER = 1;
     // The "epsilon multiplier" divides the ON/OFF threshold over the POS
     // and NEG binaries and the EPS slack variable to avoid high coefficients.
     this.EPSILON_MULTIPLIER = 1 / Math.sqrt(this.ON_OFF_THRESHOLD);
@@ -3622,6 +3622,7 @@ class VirtualMachine {
     // However, Linny-R does not prohibit negative bounds on processes, nor
     // negative rates on links. To be consistently permissive, cash IN and
     // cash OUT of all actors are both allowed to become negative.
+    /*
     for(const k of actor_keys) {
       const a = MODEL.actors[k];
       // NOTE: Add fourth parameter TRUE to signal that the SOLVER's
@@ -3635,7 +3636,7 @@ class VirtualMachine {
               VM.MINUS_INFINITY, VM.PLUS_INFINITY, true]]
       );
     }
-
+    */
     // NEXT: Define the bounds for all production level variables.
     // NOTE: The VM instructions check dynamically whether the variable
     // index is listed as "fixed" for the round that is being solved.
@@ -3669,7 +3670,7 @@ class VirtualMachine {
       if(rf != 0) {
         // Note: 32-bit integer `b` is used for bit-wise AND
         let b = 1;
-        for(j = 0; j < MODEL.rounds; j++) {
+        for(let j = 0; j < MODEL.rounds; j++) {
           if((rf & b) != 0) {
             this.fixed_var_indices[j][p.level_var_index] = true;
             // @@ TO DO: fixate associated binary variables if applicable!
@@ -4180,8 +4181,9 @@ class VirtualMachine {
        
        (a) L = POSL - NEGL
        
-       This "partitions" the level in two components. The following constraints
-       ensure a (functionally) unique partitioning:
+       This "partitions" the level in two components.
+       
+       The following constraints ensure a (functionally) unique partitioning:
        
        (b) NEGL - M*NEG <= 0  (so NEG=1 if NEGL > 0)
        (c) POSL - M*POS <= 0  (so POS=1 if POSL > 0)
@@ -4872,14 +4874,31 @@ class VirtualMachine {
             pl = this.keepException(pl, pl / count);
           }
         } else if(l.multiplier === VM.LM_THROUGHPUT) {
-          // NOTE: calculate throughput on basis of levels and rates,
-          // as not all actual flows may have been computed yet
+          // NOTE: Calculate throughput on basis of *process* levels and rates,
+          // as not all actual flows may have been computed yet.
           pl = 0;
-          for(const ll of p.inputs) {
+          for(const ll of p.inputs) if(ll.from_node instanceof Process) {
             const
-                ipl = ll.from_node.actualLevel(bt),
-                rr =  ll.relative_rate.result(bt); 
-            pl = this.severestIssue([pl, ipl, rr], pl + ipl * rr);
+                lld = ll.actualDelay(b),
+                ipl = ll.from_node.actualLevel(bt - lld),
+                rr =  ll.relative_rate.result(bt - lld),
+                flow = ipl * rr;
+            // NOTE: Only consider INflows, so flow must be > 0.
+            if(flow > 0) { 
+              pl = this.severestIssue([pl, ipl, rr], pl + flow);
+            }
+          }
+          // NOTE: Again, only consider processes.
+          for(const ll of p.outputs) if(ll.to_node instanceof Process) {
+            const
+                // NOTE: Links TO a process cannot have a delay.
+                opl = ll.to_node.actualLevel(bt),
+                rr =  ll.relative_rate.result(bt),
+                flow = opl * rr;
+            // NOTE: Only consider INflows, so now flow must be < 0.
+            if(flow < 0) {
+              pl = this.severestIssue([pl, opl, rr], pl - flow);
+            }
           }
         } else if(l.multiplier === VM.LM_PEAK_INC) {
           // Actual flow over "peak increase" link is zero unless...
@@ -5461,8 +5480,8 @@ class VirtualMachine {
         v,
         line = '';
     // NOTE: Iterate over ALL columns to maintain variable order.
-    let n = abl * this.cols + this.chunk_variables.length;
-    for(p = 1; p <= n; p++) {
+    let ncols = abl * this.cols + this.chunk_variables.length;
+    for(p = 1; p <= ncols; p++) {
       if(this.objective.hasOwnProperty(p)) {
         c = this.objective[p];
         // Check for numeric issues.
@@ -5486,8 +5505,8 @@ class VirtualMachine {
     } else {
       this.lines += '\n/* Constraints */\n';
     }
-    n = this.matrix.length;
-    for(let r = 0; r < n; r++) {
+    let nrows = this.matrix.length;
+    for(let r = 0; r < nrows; r++) {
       const row = this.matrix[r];
       if(named_constraints) line = `C${r + 1}: `;
       for(p in row) if (row.hasOwnProperty(p)) {
@@ -5521,8 +5540,7 @@ class VirtualMachine {
     } else {
       this.lines += '\n/* Variable bounds */\n';
     }
-    n = abl * this.cols;
-    for(p = 1; p <= n; p++) {
+    for(p = 1; p <= ncols; p++) {
       let lb = null,
           ub = null;
       if(this.lower_bounds.hasOwnProperty(p)) {
@@ -5658,7 +5676,7 @@ class VirtualMachine {
       for(let i in this.is_semi_continuous) if(Number(i)) v_set.push(vbl(i));
       if(v_set.length > 0) this.lines += 'sec ' + v_set.join(', ') + ';\n';
       // LP_solve supports SOS, so add the SOS section if needed.
-      if(this.nzp_var_indices.length ||this.sos_var_indices.length) {
+      if(this.nzp_var_indices.length || this.sos_var_indices.length) {
         this.lines += 'sos\n';
         for(let j = 0; j < abl; j++) {
           // First add the SOS1 constraints for NZP-partitioned levels.
@@ -6149,11 +6167,11 @@ Solver status = ${json.status}`);
     // Generate lines of code in format that should be accepted by solver.
     if(this.solver_id === 'gurobi') {
       this.writeLpFormat(true);
-    } else if(this.solver_id === 'mosek') {
+    } else if(this.solver_id === 'mosek' || this.solver_id === 'scip') {
       // NOTE: For MOSEK, constraints must be named, or variable names
-      // in solution file will not match.
+      // in solution file will not match. SCIP works, but generates warnings.
       this.writeLpFormat(true, true);
-    } else if(this.solver_id === 'cplex' || this.solver_id === 'scip') {
+    } else if(this.solver_id === 'cplex') {
       // NOTE: The more widely accepted CPLEX LP format differs from the
       // LP_solve format that was used by the first versions of Linny-R.
       // TRUE indicates "CPLEX format".
@@ -8329,7 +8347,7 @@ function VMI_set_bounds(args) {
       l = args[1];
       u = args[2];
       if(u instanceof Expression) u = u.result(VM.t);
-      if(u === VM.UNDEFINED) {
+      if(u === VM.UNDEFINED || u === VM.DIAGNOSIS_UPPER_BOUND) {
         u = inf_val;
       } else {
         u = Math.min(u, inf_val);
@@ -8340,6 +8358,8 @@ function VMI_set_bounds(args) {
         if(l instanceof Expression) l = l.result(VM.t);
         if(l === VM.UNDEFINED || !l) {
           l = 0;
+        } else if(l === -VM.DIAGNOSIS_UPPER_BOUND) {
+          l = -inf_val;
         } else {
           l = Math.max(l, -inf_val);
         }
@@ -8407,7 +8427,7 @@ function VMI_set_bounds(args) {
             cvi = VM.chunk_offset + p.peak_inc_var_index,
             // Check if peak UB already set for previous t
             piub = VM.upper_bounds[cvi];
-        // If so, use the highest value
+        // If so, use the highest value.
         if(piub) u = Math.max(piub, u);
         VM.upper_bounds[cvi] = u;
         VM.upper_bounds[cvi + 1] = u;
@@ -9123,7 +9143,10 @@ function VMI_set_objective() {
     for(let i = 0; i < VM.chunk_variables.length; i++) {
       const vn = VM.chunk_variables[i][0]; 
       if(vn.indexOf('peak') > 0) {
-        const pvp = VM.PEAK_VAR_PENALTY / VM.cash_scalar;
+        // NOTE: When prices in model are low, the cash scalar is small
+        // and then a peak variable penalty of 0.1 currency unit will
+        // significantly impact the tipping point for investment choices
+        const pvp = VM.PEAK_VAR_PENALTY / Math.max(VM.cash_scalar, 2000);
         // NOTE: Chunk offset takes into account that indices are 0-based.
         VM.objective[VM.chunk_offset + i] = -pvp;
         // Put higher penalty on "block peak" than on "look-ahead peak"
@@ -9210,7 +9233,7 @@ function VMI_add_semicontinuous_constraints(p) {
       // level - UB*binary <= 0
       row = {};
       row[l_index] = 1;
-      row[lb_index] = -ub;
+      row[lb_index] = -ub - 1;
       VM.matrix.push(row);
       VM.right_hand_side.push(0);
       VM.constraint_types.push(VM.LE);
@@ -9227,11 +9250,26 @@ function VMI_add_NZP_continuous_constraints(p) {
     console.log('add_NZP_continuous_constraints (t = ' + VM.t + ')');
   }
   if(!p || p.posl_var_index < 0) throw 'ANOMALY: No NZP variable indices';
-  const row = {};
-  // (a) L + NEGL - POSL = 0  (so POSL - NEGL = L).
-  row[VM.offset + p.level_var_index] = 1;
-  row[VM.offset + p.negl_var_index] = 1;
-  row[VM.offset + p.posl_var_index] = -1;
+  let row = {};
+  if(p.level_to_zero) {
+    // For semi-continuous processes, the level is always >= 0.
+    // To prevent issues with binaries, set POSL = L and NEGL = 0 to rule out
+    // the possibility of NEGL being used to compensate for a positive epsilon.
+    // (a1) L - POSL = 0.
+    row[VM.offset + p.level_var_index] = 1;
+    row[VM.offset + p.posl_var_index] = -1;
+    VM.matrix.push(row);
+    VM.right_hand_side.push(0);
+    VM.constraint_types.push(VM.EQ);
+    row = {};
+    // (a2) NEGL = 0.
+    row[VM.offset + p.negl_var_index] = 1;
+  } else {
+    // (a) L + NEGL - POSL = 0  (so POSL - NEGL = L).
+    row[VM.offset + p.level_var_index] = 1;
+    row[VM.offset + p.negl_var_index] = 1;
+    row[VM.offset + p.posl_var_index] = -1;
+  }
   VM.matrix.push(row);
   VM.right_hand_side.push(0);
   VM.constraint_types.push(VM.EQ);
@@ -9291,14 +9329,17 @@ function VMI_add_NZP_binary_constraints(p) {
   row[pos_index] = VM.EPSILON_MULTIPLIER * VM.ON_OFF_THRESHOLD;
   row[posl_index] = -VM.EPSILON_MULTIPLIER;
   // Provide slack so the constraint can always be met, but at a significant cost.
-  row[eps_index] = -VM.SLACK_MULTIPLIER / VM.EPSILON_MULTIPLIER;
+  // NOTE: Do *NOT* do this for semi-continuous processes.
+  if(!p.level_to_zero) {
+    row[eps_index] = -VM.SLACK_MULTIPLIER / VM.EPSILON_MULTIPLIER;
+  }
   VM.matrix.push(row);
   VM.right_hand_side.push(0);
   VM.constraint_types.push(VM.LE);
   // NOTE: This VMI is added when LB *may* become negative, so check
   // whether now (at run time) LB >= 0, as then NZP partitioning is
   // trivial and need not be done by the solver.
-  if(lb >= 0) {
+  if(lb >= 0 || p.level_to_zero) {
     // If L >= 0, NEG must be 0.
     row = {};
     row[neg_index] = 1;
@@ -9748,7 +9789,7 @@ function VMI_add_throughput_to_coefficients(link) {
     // Skip link when it has rate = 0.
     if(r2 === 0) continue;
     // By default, use the FROM node's level...
-    let vi = (lfn.is_zero_var_index < 0 ? lfn.level_var_index :
+    let vi = (lfn.posl_var_index < 0 ? lfn.level_var_index :
         // ... but differentiate when this level is NZP-partitioned.
         // Then use positive level component when rate > 0, and negative
         // level component when rate < 0, so throughput flow is always >= 0.
@@ -9807,7 +9848,7 @@ function VMI_add_throughput_to_coefficients(link) {
     if(r2 === 0) continue;
     // Also skip when level is not NZP-partitioned, as then an output-link
     // cannot contribute to the *inflow* of the process being "read".
-    if(ltn.is_zero_var_index < 0) continue;
+    if(ltn.posl_var_index < 0) continue;
     // Now use the negative level component when rate > 0, and positive
     // level component when rate < 0, so throughput flow is always >= 0.
     const