linked-list-typed 1.53.4 → 1.53.6

package/README.md

@@ -30,28 +30,450 @@ npm i linked-list-typed --save
 yarn add linked-list-typed
 ```
 
-### methods
+### snippet
 
-Singly Linked List
-![](https://github.com/zrwusa/assets/blob/master/images/data-structure-typed/methods-8bit/singly-linked-list.png?raw=true)
+[//]: # (No deletion!!! Start of Example Replace Section)
 
-Doubly Linked List
-![](https://github.com/zrwusa/assets/blob/master/images/data-structure-typed/methods-8bit/doubly-linked-list.png?raw=true)
+### text editor operation history
+```typescript
+const actions = [
+      { type: 'insert', content: 'first line of text' },
+      { type: 'insert', content: 'second line of text' },
+      { type: 'delete', content: 'delete the first line' }
+    ];
+    const editorHistory = new DoublyLinkedList<{ type: string; content: string }>(actions);
+
+    console.log(editorHistory.last?.type); // 'delete'
+    console.log(editorHistory.pop()?.content); // 'delete the first line'
+    console.log(editorHistory.last?.type); // 'insert'
+```
 
-### snippet
+### Browser history
+```typescript
+const browserHistory = new DoublyLinkedList<string>();
 
-#### TS
+    browserHistory.push('home page');
+    browserHistory.push('search page');
+    browserHistory.push('details page');
 
-```typescript
+    console.log(browserHistory.last); // 'details page'
+    console.log(browserHistory.pop()); // 'details page'
+    console.log(browserHistory.last); // 'search page'
+```
 
+### Use DoublyLinkedList to implement music player
+```typescript
+// Define the Song interface
+    interface Song {
+      title: string;
+      artist: string;
+      duration: number; // duration in seconds
+    }
+
+    class Player {
+      private playlist: DoublyLinkedList<Song>;
+      private currentSong: ReturnType<typeof this.playlist.getNodeAt> | undefined;
+
+      constructor(songs: Song[]) {
+        this.playlist = new DoublyLinkedList<Song>();
+        songs.forEach(song => this.playlist.push(song));
+        this.currentSong = this.playlist.head;
+      }
+
+      // Play the next song in the playlist
+      playNext(): Song | undefined {
+        if (!this.currentSong?.next) {
+          this.currentSong = this.playlist.head; // Loop to the first song
+        } else {
+          this.currentSong = this.currentSong.next;
+        }
+        return this.currentSong?.value;
+      }
+
+      // Play the previous song in the playlist
+      playPrevious(): Song | undefined {
+        if (!this.currentSong?.prev) {
+          this.currentSong = this.playlist.tail; // Loop to the last song
+        } else {
+          this.currentSong = this.currentSong.prev;
+        }
+        return this.currentSong?.value;
+      }
+
+      // Get the current song
+      getCurrentSong(): Song | undefined {
+        return this.currentSong?.value;
+      }
+
+      // Loop through the playlist twice
+      loopThroughPlaylist(): Song[] {
+        const playedSongs: Song[] = [];
+        const initialNode = this.currentSong;
+
+        // Loop through the playlist twice
+        for (let i = 0; i < this.playlist.size * 2; i++) {
+          playedSongs.push(this.currentSong!.value);
+          this.currentSong = this.currentSong!.next || this.playlist.head; // Loop back to the start if needed
+        }
+
+        // Reset the current song to the initial song
+        this.currentSong = initialNode;
+        return playedSongs;
+      }
+    }
+
+    const songs = [
+      { title: 'Bohemian Rhapsody', artist: 'Queen', duration: 354 },
+      { title: 'Hotel California', artist: 'Eagles', duration: 391 },
+      { title: 'Shape of You', artist: 'Ed Sheeran', duration: 233 },
+      { title: 'Billie Jean', artist: 'Michael Jackson', duration: 294 }
+    ];
+    let player = new Player(songs);
+    // should play the next song
+    player = new Player(songs);
+    const firstSong = player.getCurrentSong();
+    const nextSong = player.playNext();
+
+    // Expect the next song to be "Hotel California by Eagles"
+    console.log(nextSong); // { title: 'Hotel California', artist: 'Eagles', duration: 391 }
+    console.log(firstSong); // { title: 'Bohemian Rhapsody', artist: 'Queen', duration: 354 }
+
+    // should play the previous song
+    player = new Player(songs);
+    player.playNext(); // Move to the second song
+    const currentSong = player.getCurrentSong();
+    const previousSong = player.playPrevious();
+
+    // Expect the previous song to be "Bohemian Rhapsody by Queen"
+    console.log(previousSong); // { title: 'Bohemian Rhapsody', artist: 'Queen', duration: 354 }
+    console.log(currentSong); // { title: 'Hotel California', artist: 'Eagles', duration: 391 }
+
+    // should loop to the first song when playing next from the last song
+    player = new Player(songs);
+    player.playNext(); // Move to the second song
+    player.playNext(); // Move to the third song
+    player.playNext(); // Move to the fourth song
+
+    const nextSongToFirst = player.playNext(); // Should loop to the first song
+
+    // Expect the next song to be "Bohemian Rhapsody by Queen"
+    console.log(nextSongToFirst); // { title: 'Bohemian Rhapsody', artist: 'Queen', duration: 354 }
+
+    // should loop to the last song when playing previous from the first song
+    player = new Player(songs);
+    player.playNext(); // Move to the first song
+    player.playNext(); // Move to the second song
+    player.playNext(); // Move to the third song
+    player.playNext(); // Move to the fourth song
+
+    const previousToLast = player.playPrevious(); // Should loop to the last song
+
+    // Expect the previous song to be "Billie Jean by Michael Jackson"
+    console.log(previousToLast); // { title: 'Billie Jean', artist: 'Michael Jackson', duration: 294 }
+
+    // should loop through the entire playlist
+    player = new Player(songs);
+    const playedSongs = player.loopThroughPlaylist();
+
+    // The expected order of songs for two loops
+    console.log(playedSongs); // [
+ //      { title: 'Bohemian Rhapsody', artist: 'Queen', duration: 354 },
+ //      { title: 'Hotel California', artist: 'Eagles', duration: 391 },
+ //      { title: 'Shape of You', artist: 'Ed Sheeran', duration: 233 },
+ //      { title: 'Billie Jean', artist: 'Michael Jackson', duration: 294 },
+ //      { title: 'Bohemian Rhapsody', artist: 'Queen', duration: 354 },
+ //      { title: 'Hotel California', artist: 'Eagles', duration: 391 },
+ //      { title: 'Shape of You', artist: 'Ed Sheeran', duration: 233 },
+ //      { title: 'Billie Jean', artist: 'Michael Jackson', duration: 294 }
+ //    ]
 ```
 
-#### JS
+### Use DoublyLinkedList to implement LRU cache
+```typescript
+interface CacheEntry<K, V> {
+      key: K;
+      value: V;
+    }
+
+    class LRUCache<K = string, V = any> {
+      private readonly capacity: number;
+      private list: DoublyLinkedList<CacheEntry<K, V>>;
+      private map: Map<K, DoublyLinkedListNode<CacheEntry<K, V>>>;
+
+      constructor(capacity: number) {
+        if (capacity <= 0) {
+          throw new Error('lru cache capacity must be greater than 0');
+        }
+        this.capacity = capacity;
+        this.list = new DoublyLinkedList<CacheEntry<K, V>>();
+        this.map = new Map<K, DoublyLinkedListNode<CacheEntry<K, V>>>();
+      }
+
+      // Get cached value
+      get(key: K): V | undefined {
+        const node = this.map.get(key);
+
+        if (!node) return undefined;
+
+        // Move the visited node to the head of the linked list (most recently used)
+        this.moveToFront(node);
+
+        return node.value.value;
+      }
+
+      // Set cache value
+      set(key: K, value: V): void {
+        // Check if it already exists
+        const node = this.map.get(key);
+
+        if (node) {
+          // Update value and move to head
+          node.value.value = value;
+          this.moveToFront(node);
+          return;
+        }
+
+        // Check capacity
+        if (this.list.size >= this.capacity) {
+          // Delete the least recently used element (the tail of the linked list)
+          const removedNode = this.list.tail;
+          if (removedNode) {
+            this.map.delete(removedNode.value.key);
+            this.list.pop();
+          }
+        }
+
+        // Create new node and add to head
+        const newEntry: CacheEntry<K, V> = { key, value };
+        this.list.unshift(newEntry);
+
+        // Save node reference in map
+        const newNode = this.list.head;
+        if (newNode) {
+          this.map.set(key, newNode);
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Move the node to the head of the linked list
+      private moveToFront(node: DoublyLinkedListNode<CacheEntry<K, V>>): void {
+        this.list.delete(node);
+        this.list.unshift(node.value);
+      }
+
+      // Delete specific key
+      delete(key: K): boolean {
+        const node = this.map.get(key);
+        if (!node) return false;
+
+        // Remove from linked list
+        this.list.delete(node);
+        // Remove from map
+        this.map.delete(key);
+
+        return true;
+      }
+
+      // Clear cache
+      clear(): void {
+        this.list.clear();
+        this.map.clear();
+      }
+
+      // Get the current cache size
+      get size(): number {
+        return this.list.size;
+      }
+
+      // Check if it is empty
+      get isEmpty(): boolean {
+        return this.list.isEmpty();
+      }
+    }
+
+    // should set and get values correctly
+    const cache = new LRUCache<string, number>(3);
+    cache.set('a', 1);
+    cache.set('b', 2);
+    cache.set('c', 3);
+
+    console.log(cache.get('a')); // 1
+    console.log(cache.get('b')); // 2
+    console.log(cache.get('c')); // 3
+
+    // The least recently used element should be evicted when capacity is exceeded
+    cache.clear();
+    cache.set('a', 1);
+    cache.set('b', 2);
+    cache.set('c', 3);
+    cache.set('d', 4); // This will eliminate 'a'
+
+    console.log(cache.get('a')); // undefined
+    console.log(cache.get('b')); // 2
+    console.log(cache.get('c')); // 3
+    console.log(cache.get('d')); // 4
+
+    // The priority of an element should be updated when it is accessed
+    cache.clear();
+    cache.set('a', 1);
+    cache.set('b', 2);
+    cache.set('c', 3);
+
+    cache.get('a'); // access 'a'
+    cache.set('d', 4); // This will eliminate 'b'
+
+    console.log(cache.get('a')); // 1
+    console.log(cache.get('b')); // undefined
+    console.log(cache.get('c')); // 3
+    console.log(cache.get('d')); // 4
+
+    // Should support updating existing keys
+    cache.clear();
+    cache.set('a', 1);
+    cache.set('a', 10);
+
+    console.log(cache.get('a')); // 10
+
+    // Should support deleting specified keys
+    cache.clear();
+    cache.set('a', 1);
+    cache.set('b', 2);
+
+    console.log(cache.delete('a')); // true
+    console.log(cache.get('a')); // undefined
+    console.log(cache.size); // 1
+
+    // Should support clearing cache
+    cache.clear();
+    cache.set('a', 1);
+    cache.set('b', 2);
+    cache.clear();
+
+    console.log(cache.size); // 0
+    console.log(cache.isEmpty); // true
+```
 
-```javascript
+### finding lyrics by timestamp in Coldplay's "Fix You"
+```typescript
+// Create a DoublyLinkedList to store song lyrics with timestamps
+    const lyricsList = new DoublyLinkedList<{ time: number; text: string }>();
+
+    // Detailed lyrics with precise timestamps (in milliseconds)
+    const lyrics = [
+      { time: 0, text: "When you try your best, but you don't succeed" },
+      { time: 4000, text: 'When you get what you want, but not what you need' },
+      { time: 8000, text: "When you feel so tired, but you can't sleep" },
+      { time: 12000, text: 'Stuck in reverse' },
+      { time: 16000, text: 'And the tears come streaming down your face' },
+      { time: 20000, text: "When you lose something you can't replace" },
+      { time: 24000, text: 'When you love someone, but it goes to waste' },
+      { time: 28000, text: 'Could it be worse?' },
+      { time: 32000, text: 'Lights will guide you home' },
+      { time: 36000, text: 'And ignite your bones' },
+      { time: 40000, text: 'And I will try to fix you' }
+    ];
+
+    // Populate the DoublyLinkedList with lyrics
+    lyrics.forEach(lyric => lyricsList.push(lyric));
+
+    // Test different scenarios of lyric synchronization
+
+    // 1. Find lyric at exact timestamp
+    const exactTimeLyric = lyricsList.getBackward(lyric => lyric.value.time <= 36000);
+    console.log(exactTimeLyric?.text); // 'And ignite your bones'
+
+    // 2. Find lyric between timestamps
+    const betweenTimeLyric = lyricsList.getBackward(lyric => lyric.value.time <= 22000);
+    console.log(betweenTimeLyric?.text); // "When you lose something you can't replace"
+
+    // 3. Find first lyric when timestamp is less than first entry
+    const earlyTimeLyric = lyricsList.getBackward(lyric => lyric.value.time <= -1000);
+    console.log(earlyTimeLyric); // undefined
+
+    // 4. Find last lyric when timestamp is after last entry
+    const lateTimeLyric = lyricsList.getBackward(lyric => lyric.value.time <= 50000);
+    console.log(lateTimeLyric?.text); // 'And I will try to fix you'
+```
 
+### cpu process schedules
+```typescript
+class Process {
+      constructor(
+        public id: number,
+        public priority: number
+      ) {}
+
+      execute(): string {
+        return `Process ${this.id} executed.`;
+      }
+    }
+
+    class Scheduler {
+      private queue: DoublyLinkedList<Process>;
+
+      constructor() {
+        this.queue = new DoublyLinkedList<Process>();
+      }
+
+      addProcess(process: Process): void {
+        // Insert processes into a queue based on priority, keeping priority in descending order
+        let current = this.queue.head;
+        while (current && current.value.priority >= process.priority) {
+          current = current.next;
+        }
+
+        if (!current) {
+          this.queue.push(process);
+        } else {
+          this.queue.addBefore(current, process);
+        }
+      }
+
+      executeNext(): string | undefined {
+        // Execute tasks at the head of the queue in order
+        const process = this.queue.shift();
+        return process ? process.execute() : undefined;
+      }
+
+      listProcesses(): string[] {
+        return this.queue.toArray().map(process => `Process ${process.id} (Priority: ${process.priority})`);
+      }
+
+      clear(): void {
+        this.queue.clear();
+      }
+    }
+
+    // should add processes based on priority
+    let scheduler = new Scheduler();
+    scheduler.addProcess(new Process(1, 10));
+    scheduler.addProcess(new Process(2, 20));
+    scheduler.addProcess(new Process(3, 15));
+
+    console.log(scheduler.listProcesses()); // [
+ //      'Process 2 (Priority: 20)',
+ //      'Process 3 (Priority: 15)',
+ //      'Process 1 (Priority: 10)'
+ //    ]
+
+    // should execute the highest priority process
+    scheduler = new Scheduler();
+    scheduler.addProcess(new Process(1, 10));
+    scheduler.addProcess(new Process(2, 20));
+
+    console.log(scheduler.executeNext()); // 'Process 2 executed.'
+    console.log(scheduler.listProcesses()); // ['Process 1 (Priority: 10)']
+
+    // should clear all processes
+    scheduler = new Scheduler();
+    scheduler.addProcess(new Process(1, 10));
+    scheduler.addProcess(new Process(2, 20));
+
+    scheduler.clear();
+    console.log(scheduler.listProcesses()); // []
 ```
 
+[//]: # (No deletion!!! End of Example Replace Section)
+
 
 ## API docs & Examples