linked-list-typed 1.47.9 → 1.48.1

package/src/data-structures/binary-tree/binary-tree.ts

@@ -102,9 +102,10 @@ export class BinaryTreeNode<V = any, N extends BinaryTreeNode<V, N> = BinaryTree
  * 8. Full Trees: Every node has either 0 or 2 children.
  * 9. Complete Trees: All levels are fully filled except possibly the last, filled from left to right.
  */
+
 export class BinaryTree<V = any, N extends BinaryTreeNode<V, N> = BinaryTreeNode<V, BinaryTreeNodeNested<V>>, TREE extends BinaryTree<V, N, TREE> = BinaryTree<V, N, BinaryTreeNested<V, N>>>
-  implements IBinaryTree<V, N, TREE> {
 
+  implements IBinaryTree<V, N, TREE> {
   iterationType = IterationType.ITERATIVE
 
   /**
@@ -163,6 +164,47 @@ export class BinaryTree<V = any, N extends BinaryTreeNode<V, N> = BinaryTreeNode
     return new BinaryTree<V, N, TREE>([], { iterationType: this.iterationType, ...options }) as TREE;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * The function "isNode" checks if an exemplar is an instance of the BinaryTreeNode class.
+   * @param exemplar - The `exemplar` parameter is a variable of type `BTNodeExemplar<V, N>`.
+   * @returns a boolean value indicating whether the exemplar is an instance of the class N.
+   */
+  isNode(exemplar: BTNodeExemplar<V, N>): exemplar is N {
+    return exemplar instanceof BinaryTreeNode;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * The function `exemplarToNode` converts an exemplar of a binary tree node into an actual node
+   * object.
+   * @param exemplar - BTNodeExemplar<V, N> - A generic type representing the exemplar parameter of the
+   * function. It can be any type.
+   * @returns a value of type `N` (which represents a node), or `null`, or `undefined`.
+   */
+  exemplarToNode(exemplar: BTNodeExemplar<V, N>): N | null | undefined {
+    if (exemplar === undefined) return;
+
+    let node: N | null | undefined;
+    if (exemplar === null) {
+      node = null;
+    } else if (this.isEntry(exemplar)) {
+      const [key, value] = exemplar;
+      if (key === undefined) {
+        return;
+      } else if (key === null) {
+        node = null;
+      } else {
+        node = this.createNode(key, value);
+      }
+    } else if (this.isNode(exemplar)) {
+      node = exemplar;
+    } else if (this.isNodeKey(exemplar)) {
+      node = this.createNode(exemplar);
+    } else {
+      return;
+    }
+    return node;
+  }
+
   /**
    * The function checks if a given value is an entry in a binary tree node.
    * @param kne - BTNodeExemplar<V, N> - A generic type representing a node in a binary tree. It has
@@ -188,7 +230,9 @@ export class BinaryTree<V = any, N extends BinaryTreeNode<V, N> = BinaryTreeNode
    */
   add(keyOrNodeOrEntry: BTNodeExemplar<V, N>): N | null | undefined {
 
-    let inserted: N | null | undefined, needInsert: N | null | undefined;
+    let inserted: N | null | undefined;
+    const newNode = this.exemplarToNode(keyOrNodeOrEntry);
+    if (newNode === undefined) return;
 
     const _bfs = (root: N, newNode: N | null): N | undefined | null => {
       const queue = new Queue<N>([root]);
@@ -205,30 +249,11 @@ export class BinaryTree<V = any, N extends BinaryTreeNode<V, N> = BinaryTreeNode
       }
     };
 
-    if (keyOrNodeOrEntry === null) {
-      needInsert = null;
-    } else if (this.isNodeKey(keyOrNodeOrEntry)) {
-      needInsert = this.createNode(keyOrNodeOrEntry);
-    } else if (keyOrNodeOrEntry instanceof BinaryTreeNode) {
-      needInsert = keyOrNodeOrEntry;
-    } else if (this.isEntry(keyOrNodeOrEntry)) {
-      const [key, value] = keyOrNodeOrEntry;
-      if (key === undefined) {
-        return;
-      } else if (key === null) {
-        needInsert = null;
-      } else {
-        needInsert = this.createNode(key, value);
-      }
-    } else {
-      return;
-    }
-
     if (this.root) {
-      inserted = _bfs(this.root, needInsert);
+      inserted = _bfs(this.root, newNode);
     } else {
-      this._setRoot(needInsert);
-      if (needInsert) {
+      this._setRoot(newNode);
+      if (newNode) {
         this._size = 1;
       } else {
         this._size = 0;
@@ -1699,6 +1724,66 @@ export class BinaryTree<V = any, N extends BinaryTreeNode<V, N> = BinaryTreeNode
     return ans;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Time complexity: O(n)
+   * Space complexity: O(n)
+   */
+
+  /**
+   * Time complexity: O(n)
+   * Space complexity: O(n)
+   *
+   * The function "keys" returns an array of keys from a given object.
+   * @returns an array of BTNKey objects.
+   */
+  keys(): BTNKey[] {
+    const keys: BTNKey[] = [];
+    for (const entry of this) {
+      keys.push(entry[0]);
+    }
+    return keys;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Time complexity: O(n)
+   * Space complexity: O(n)
+   */
+
+  /**
+   * Time complexity: O(n)
+   * Space complexity: O(n)
+   *
+   * The function "values" returns an array of values from a map-like object.
+   * @returns The `values()` method is returning an array of values (`V`) from the entries in the
+   * object.
+   */
+  values(): (V | undefined)[] {
+    const values: (V | undefined)[] = [];
+    for (const entry of this) {
+      values.push(entry[1]);
+    }
+    return values;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Time complexity: O(n)
+   * Space complexity: O(n)
+   */
+
+  /**
+   * Time complexity: O(n)
+   * Space complexity: O(n)
+   *
+   * The `clone` function creates a new tree object and copies all the nodes from the original tree to
+   * the new tree.
+   * @returns The `clone()` method is returning a cloned instance of the `TREE` object.
+   */
+  clone(): TREE {
+    const cloned = this.createTree();
+    this.bfs(node => cloned.add([node.key, node.value]));
+    return cloned;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Time complexity: O(n)
    * Space complexity: O(1)

package/src/data-structures/binary-tree/bst.ts

@@ -143,6 +143,42 @@ export class BST<V = any, N extends BSTNode<V, N> = BSTNode<V, BSTNodeNested<V>>
     }) as TREE;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * The function checks if an exemplar is an instance of BSTNode.
+   * @param exemplar - The `exemplar` parameter is a variable of type `BTNodeExemplar<V, N>`.
+   * @returns a boolean value indicating whether the exemplar is an instance of the BSTNode class.
+   */
+  override isNode(exemplar: BTNodeExemplar<V, N>): exemplar is N {
+    return exemplar instanceof BSTNode;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * The function `exemplarToNode` takes an exemplar and returns a corresponding node if the exemplar
+   * is valid, otherwise it returns undefined.
+   * @param exemplar - The `exemplar` parameter is of type `BTNodeExemplar<V, N>`.
+   * @returns a variable `node` which is of type `N` or `undefined`.
+   */
+  override exemplarToNode(exemplar: BTNodeExemplar<V, N>): N | undefined {
+    let node: N | undefined;
+    if (exemplar === null || exemplar === undefined) {
+      return;
+    } else if (this.isNode(exemplar)) {
+      node = exemplar;
+    } else if (this.isEntry(exemplar)) {
+      const [key, value] = exemplar;
+      if (key === undefined || key === null) {
+        return;
+      } else {
+        node = this.createNode(key, value);
+      }
+    } else if (this.isNodeKey(exemplar)) {
+      node = this.createNode(exemplar);
+    } else {
+      return;
+    }
+    return node;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree. In the worst case (unbalanced tree), it can be O(n).
    * Space Complexity: O(1) - Constant space is used.
@@ -159,25 +195,8 @@ export class BST<V = any, N extends BSTNode<V, N> = BSTNode<V, BSTNodeNested<V>>
    * (`keyOrNodeOrEntry`) is null, undefined, or does not match any of the expected types.
    */
   override add(keyOrNodeOrEntry: BTNodeExemplar<V, N>): N | undefined {
-    if (keyOrNodeOrEntry === null || keyOrNodeOrEntry === undefined) {
-      return undefined;
-    }
-
-    let newNode: N | undefined;
-    if (keyOrNodeOrEntry instanceof BSTNode) {
-      newNode = keyOrNodeOrEntry;
-    } else if (this.isNodeKey(keyOrNodeOrEntry)) {
-      newNode = this.createNode(keyOrNodeOrEntry);
-    } else if (this.isEntry(keyOrNodeOrEntry)) {
-      const [key, value] = keyOrNodeOrEntry;
-      if (key === undefined || key === null) {
-        return;
-      } else {
-        newNode = this.createNode(key, value);
-      }
-    } else {
-      return;
-    }
+    const newNode = this.exemplarToNode(keyOrNodeOrEntry);
+    if (newNode === undefined) return;
 
     if (this.root === undefined) {
       this._setRoot(newNode);

package/src/data-structures/binary-tree/rb-tree.ts

@@ -107,38 +107,62 @@ export class RedBlackTree<V = any, N extends RedBlackTreeNode<V, N> = RedBlackTr
   }
 
   /**
-   * Time Complexity: O(log n) on average (where n is the number of nodes in the tree)
-   * Space Complexity: O(1)
+   * The function checks if an exemplar is an instance of the RedBlackTreeNode class.
+   * @param exemplar - The `exemplar` parameter is of type `BTNodeExemplar<V, N>`.
+   * @returns a boolean value indicating whether the exemplar is an instance of the RedBlackTreeNode
+   * class.
    */
-
+  override isNode(exemplar: BTNodeExemplar<V, N>): exemplar is N {
+    return exemplar instanceof RedBlackTreeNode;
+  }
 
   /**
-   * The function adds a node to a Red-Black Tree data structure.
-   * @param keyOrNodeOrEntry - The `keyOrNodeOrEntry` parameter can be one of the following:
-   * @returns The method `add` returns either an instance of `N` (the node that was added) or
-   * `undefined`.
+   * The function `exemplarToNode` takes an exemplar and returns a node if the exemplar is valid,
+   * otherwise it returns undefined.
+   * @param exemplar - BTNodeExemplar<V, N> - A generic type representing an exemplar of a binary tree
+   * node. It can be either a node itself, an entry (key-value pair), a node key, or any other value
+   * that is not a valid exemplar.
+   * @returns a variable `node` which is of type `N | undefined`.
    */
-  override add(keyOrNodeOrEntry: BTNodeExemplar<V, N>): N | undefined {
-    let node: N;
-    if (this.isNodeKey(keyOrNodeOrEntry)) {
-      node = this.createNode(keyOrNodeOrEntry, undefined, RBTNColor.RED);
-    } else if (keyOrNodeOrEntry instanceof RedBlackTreeNode) {
-      node = keyOrNodeOrEntry;
-    } else if (keyOrNodeOrEntry === null || keyOrNodeOrEntry === undefined) {
+  override exemplarToNode(exemplar: BTNodeExemplar<V, N>): N | undefined {
+    let node: N | undefined;
+
+    if (exemplar === null || exemplar === undefined) {
       return;
-    } else if (this.isEntry(keyOrNodeOrEntry)) {
-      const [key, value] = keyOrNodeOrEntry;
+    } else if (this.isNode(exemplar)) {
+      node = exemplar;
+    } else if (this.isEntry(exemplar)) {
+      const [key, value] = exemplar;
       if (key === undefined || key === null) {
         return;
       } else {
         node = this.createNode(key, value, RBTNColor.RED);
       }
+    } else if (this.isNodeKey(exemplar)) {
+      node = this.createNode(exemplar, undefined, RBTNColor.RED);
     } else {
       return;
     }
+    return node;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Time Complexity: O(log n) on average (where n is the number of nodes in the tree)
+   * Space Complexity: O(1)
+   */
+
+  /**
+   * The function adds a node to a Red-Black Tree data structure.
+   * @param keyOrNodeOrEntry - The `keyOrNodeOrEntry` parameter can be one of the following:
+   * @returns The method `add` returns either an instance of `N` (the node that was added) or
+   * `undefined`.
+   */
+  override add(keyOrNodeOrEntry: BTNodeExemplar<V, N>): N | undefined {
+    const newNode = this.exemplarToNode(keyOrNodeOrEntry);
+    if (newNode === undefined) return;
 
-    node.left = this.Sentinel;
-    node.right = this.Sentinel;
+    newNode.left = this.Sentinel;
+    newNode.right = this.Sentinel;
 
     let y: N | undefined = undefined;
     let x: N | undefined = this.root;
@@ -146,13 +170,13 @@ export class RedBlackTree<V = any, N extends RedBlackTreeNode<V, N> = RedBlackTr
     while (x !== this.Sentinel) {
       y = x;
       if (x) {
-        if (node.key < x.key) {
+        if (newNode.key < x.key) {
           x = x.left;
-        } else if (node.key > x.key) {
+        } else if (newNode.key > x.key) {
           x = x?.right;
         } else {
-          if (node !== x) {
-            this._replaceNode(x, node)
+          if (newNode !== x) {
+            this._replaceNode(x, newNode)
           }
           return;
         }
@@ -160,27 +184,27 @@ export class RedBlackTree<V = any, N extends RedBlackTreeNode<V, N> = RedBlackTr
 
     }
 
-    node.parent = y;
+    newNode.parent = y;
     if (y === undefined) {
-      this._setRoot(node);
-    } else if (node.key < y.key) {
-      y.left = node;
+      this._setRoot(newNode);
+    } else if (newNode.key < y.key) {
+      y.left = newNode;
     } else {
-      y.right = node;
+      y.right = newNode;
     }
 
-    if (node.parent === undefined) {
-      node.color = RBTNColor.BLACK;
+    if (newNode.parent === undefined) {
+      newNode.color = RBTNColor.BLACK;
       this._size++;
       return;
     }
 
-    if (node.parent.parent === undefined) {
+    if (newNode.parent.parent === undefined) {
       this._size++;
       return;
     }
 
-    this._fixInsert(node);
+    this._fixInsert(newNode);
     this._size++;
   }
 

package/src/data-structures/binary-tree/tree-multimap.ts

@@ -80,6 +80,45 @@ export class TreeMultimap<V = any, N extends TreeMultimapNode<V, N> = TreeMultim
     }) as TREE;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * The function checks if an exemplar is an instance of the TreeMultimapNode class.
+   * @param exemplar - The `exemplar` parameter is of type `BTNodeExemplar<V, N>`.
+   * @returns a boolean value indicating whether the exemplar is an instance of the TreeMultimapNode
+   * class.
+   */
+  override isNode(exemplar: BTNodeExemplar<V, N>): exemplar is N {
+    return exemplar instanceof TreeMultimapNode;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * The function `exemplarToNode` converts an exemplar object into a node object.
+   * @param exemplar - The `exemplar` parameter is of type `BTNodeExemplar<V, N>`, where `V` represents
+   * the value type and `N` represents the node type.
+   * @param [count=1] - The `count` parameter is an optional parameter that specifies the number of
+   * times the node should be created. If not provided, it defaults to 1.
+   * @returns a value of type `N` (the generic type parameter) or `undefined`.
+   */
+  override exemplarToNode(exemplar: BTNodeExemplar<V, N>, count = 1): N | undefined {
+    let node: N | undefined;
+    if (exemplar === undefined || exemplar === null) {
+      return;
+    } else if (this.isNode(exemplar)) {
+      node = exemplar;
+    } else if (this.isEntry(exemplar)) {
+      const [key, value] = exemplar;
+      if (key === undefined || key === null) {
+        return;
+      } else {
+        node = this.createNode(key, value, count);
+      }
+    } else if (this.isNodeKey(exemplar)) {
+      node = this.createNode(exemplar, undefined, count);
+    } else {
+      return;
+    }
+    return node;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Time Complexity: O(log n) - logarithmic time, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree. The add method of the superclass (AVLTree) has logarithmic time complexity.
    * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it doesn't use additional data structures that scale with input size.
@@ -98,23 +137,9 @@ export class TreeMultimap<V = any, N extends TreeMultimapNode<V, N> = TreeMultim
    * @returns either a node (`N`) or `undefined`.
    */
   override add(keyOrNodeOrEntry: BTNodeExemplar<V, N>, count = 1): N | undefined {
-    let newNode: N | undefined;
-    if (keyOrNodeOrEntry === undefined || keyOrNodeOrEntry === null) {
-      return;
-    } else if (keyOrNodeOrEntry instanceof TreeMultimapNode) {
-      newNode = keyOrNodeOrEntry;
-    } else if (this.isNodeKey(keyOrNodeOrEntry)) {
-      newNode = this.createNode(keyOrNodeOrEntry, undefined, count);
-    } else if (this.isEntry(keyOrNodeOrEntry)) {
-      const [key, value] = keyOrNodeOrEntry;
-      if (key === undefined || key === null) {
-        return;
-      } else {
-        newNode = this.createNode(key, value, count);
-      }
-    } else {
-      return;
-    }
+    const newNode = this.exemplarToNode(keyOrNodeOrEntry, count);
+    if (newNode === undefined) return;
+
     const orgNodeCount = newNode?.count || 0;
     const inserted = super.add(newNode);
     if (inserted) {
@@ -293,6 +318,24 @@ export class TreeMultimap<V = any, N extends TreeMultimapNode<V, N> = TreeMultim
     this._count = 0;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Time complexity: O(n)
+   * Space complexity: O(n)
+   */
+
+  /**
+   * Time complexity: O(n)
+   * Space complexity: O(n)
+   *
+   * The `clone` function creates a deep copy of a tree object.
+   * @returns The `clone()` method is returning a cloned instance of the `TREE` object.
+   */
+  override clone(): TREE {
+    const cloned = this.createTree();
+    this.bfs(node => cloned.add([node.key, node.value], node.count));
+    return cloned;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Time Complexity: O(1) - constant time, as it performs basic pointer assignments.
    * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it only uses a constant amount of memory.