lforms 29.3.0 → 33.2.0

package/app/scripts/lib/lforms-data.js

@@ -1,3591 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * LForms class for form definition data
- */
-
-(function() {
-  "use strict";
-
-  var LForms = require('../../lforms');
-  var Class = require("js-class");
-  LForms.LFormsData = Class({
-
-    // constants
-    _CONSTANTS: {
-      DATA_CONTROL: {
-        CONSTRUCTION_ARRAY: "ARRAY",
-        CONSTRUCTION_OBJECT: "OBJECT",
-        CONSTRUCTION_SIMPLE: "SIMPLE",
-        SOURCE_INTERNAL: "INTERNAL",
-        EXTERNAL: "EXTERNAL" // not supported yet
-      },
-      SKIP_LOGIC: {
-        ACTION_ENABLE: "show",
-        ACTION_DISABLE: "hide", // not supported yet
-        STATUS_ENABLED: "target-enabled",
-        STATUS_DISABLED: "target-disabled"
-      },
-      CALCULATION_METHOD: {
-        TOTALSCORE: "TOTALSCORE",
-        BMI: "BMI",
-        BSA: "BSA"
-      },
-      DATA_TYPE: {
-        INT:    "INT",
-        REAL:   "REAL",
-        ST:     "ST",
-        TX:     "TX",
-        DT:     "DT",
-        DTM:    "DTM",
-        TM:     "TM",
-        CNE:    "CNE",
-        CWE:    "CWE",
-        NR:     "NR",
-        YEAR:   "YEAR",
-        MONTH:  "MONTH",
-        DAY:    "DAY",
-        URL:    "URL",
-        EMAIL:  "EMAIL",
-        PHONE:  "PHONE",
-        SECTION:"SECTION",
-        TITLE:  "TITLE",
-        QTY:    "QTY",
-        BL:     "BL"    // not fully supported yet
-        // BIN:    "BIN",   // not supported yet
-        // RTO:    "RTO",   // not supported yet
-      },
-      DISPLAY_MODE: ['lg', 'md', 'sm', 'auto']
-    },
-
-    // form type. for now the only type is "LOINC"
-    type: null,
-    // form's code
-    code: null,
-    codeList: null,
-    identifier: null,
-    // form's name
-    name: null,
-
-    // a pre-defined view template used to display the form
-    // only 'table' is supported for now.
-    template: null,
-    // additional options that controls the selected view template
-    templateOptions: {},
-
-    // the question items defined in a form
-    items : [],
-
-    // a delimiter used in code path and id path
-    PATH_DELIMITER : "/",
-
-    // whether the form data contains saved user data
-    hasSavedData : false,
-
-    // repeatable question items derived from items
-    _repeatableItems : {},
-
-    // All accessory attributes of an item
-    // (move all other properties into this _opt eventually.)
-    _opt: {},
-
-    // action logs for screen reader
-    _actionLogs: [],
-
-    // active item, where a input field in the row has the focus
-    _activeItem: null,
-
-    // default template options
-    _defaultTemplateOptions: {
-      // whether question code is displayed next to the question
-      showQuestionCode: false,
-      // whether to show coding instruction inline. (false: in popover; true: inline)
-      showCodingInstruction: false,
-      // whether to control TAB keys to stop on the input fields only (not buttons, or even units fields).
-      tabOnInputFieldsOnly: false,
-      // whether to hide the controls section on top of the form
-      hideFormControls: true,
-      // whether to show the option panel that controls all the template options
-      showFormOptionPanel: false, // should be false by default
-      // whether to show the button that decides if 'showFormOptionPanel' is true or false, so that form's option panel will be displayed or hidden
-      showFormOptionPanelButton: false, // should be false by default
-      // whether to show the button for each item (questions and sections) that shows a option panel for display controls
-      // Not to use. Unfinished.
-      showItemOptionPanelButton: false,  // should be false by default
-      // whether to hide the unit column/field
-      hideUnits: false,
-      // whether to allow more than one unused repeating item/section
-      allowMultipleEmptyRepeatingItems: false,
-      // whether to allow HTML content in the codingInstructions field.
-      allowHTMLInInstructions: false,
-      // whether to use animation on the form
-      // not changeable on a rendered form.
-      useAnimation: true,
-      displayControl: {
-        // controls the question layout of the form. default value for questionLayout is "vertical".
-        // available value could be "horizontal" when all the items in the form are on the same level,
-        // or "matrix" when all the item are on the same level and all are CWE or CNE types items and all have the same list of answers.
-        // not changeable on a rendered form.
-        "questionLayout": "vertical"
-      },
-      // controls the view mode of the form, permitted values are "lg", "md", "sm", and "auto".
-      // meaning the layout is responsive to the screen/container's size
-      // each item can override this setting for the item by setting its own value in displayControl.viewMode
-      viewMode: "auto",
-      // controls if the form's header section needs to be displayed
-      showFormHeader: false,
-      // items in form header section
-      formHeaderItems: [
-        {"question": "Date Done", "questionCode": "date_done", "dataType": "DT", "answers": "", "_answerRequired": true,"answerCardinality":{"min":"1", "max":"1"}},
-        {"question": "Time Done", "questionCode": "time_done", "dataType": "TM", "answers": ""},
-        {"question":"Where Done", "questionCode":"where_done", "dataType":"CWE", "answers":[{"text":"Home","code":"1"},{"text":"Hospital","code":"2"},{"text":"MD Office","code":"3"},{"text":"Lab","code":"4"},{"text":"Other","code":"5"}]},
-        {"question":"Comment", "questionCode":"comment","dataType":"TX","answers":""}
-      ],
-      // controls whether the column headers need to be displayed
-      showColumnHeaders: true,
-      // controls the default answer layout for CWE/CNE typed items if answerLayout is not specified on the item's displayControl.
-      // not changeable on a rendered form.
-      defaultAnswerLayout: {
-        "answerLayout": {
-          "type": "COMBO_BOX", // "COMBO_BOX" -- use autocompleter
-                              // "RADIO_CHECKBOX" -- all answers displayed as radio buttons or checkboxes
-          "columns": "0"   // valid only when "type" is "RADIO_CHECKBOX". Permissible values include:
-                           // "0" -- flexible
-                           // "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6" -- listed in columns
-        }
-      },
-      // controls whether to use tree lines for indentations
-      useTreeLineStyle: true, // true -- use tree lines
-                              // false -- use bars
-      // form's table column headers' display names for question text, values and units
-      // for now they should not be accessible to users
-      columnHeaders: [
-        {"name" : "Name"},
-        {"name" : "Value"},
-        {"name" : "Units"}
-      ]
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Constructor
-     * @param data the lforms form definition data
-     * @param packageStore optional, an array that stores a list of FHIR resources
-     *       needed by the Questionnaire. Currently only the expanded ValueSet is
-     *       supported. Its format is same as the 'files' part in the .index.json
-     *       file in a FHIR resource package files.
-     *       (see https://confluence.hl7.org/display/FHIR/NPM+Package+Specification),
-     *       plus a 'fileContent' field that contains the actual file contents.
-     */
-    constructor: function(data, packageStore) {
-      this.lformsVersion = LForms.lformsVersion;
-
-      if (packageStore) {
-        this._packageStore = packageStore;
-      }
-
-      if(data && data._initializeInternalData) { // This is already a lformsData object.
-        var props = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(data);
-        for(var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) {
-          if(props[i] && !props[i].startsWith('_') && typeof data[props[i]] !== 'function') {
-            this[props[i]] = data[props[i]];
-          }
-        }
-        // Preserve _variableExt as FHIR variable extensions have been moved to _variableExt during the LFormsData construction.
-        if(data._variableExt) {
-          this._variableExt = data._variableExt;
-        }
-      }
-      else {
-        jQuery.extend(this, data);
-        this.templateOptions = data.templateOptions || {};
-        this.PATH_DELIMITER = data.PATH_DELIMITER || "/";
-      }
-      // when the skip logic rule says the form is done
-      this._formDone = false;
-
-      if (LForms.FHIR) {
-        this._initializeFormFHIRData(data);
-      }
-
-      // update internal data (_id, _idPath, _codePath, _displayLevel_),
-      // that are used for widget control and/or for performance improvement.
-      this._initializeInternalData();
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Find the resource in the form's packageStore by resource type and identifier.
-     * @param resType FHIR resource type, e.g. ValueSet, CodeSystem.
-     * @param resIdentifier an id or an canonical URL of a FHIR resource.
-     *        "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/ValueSet/dex-mimetype"
-     *        or "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/ValueSet/dex-mimetype|2.8.0"
-     *        (or "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/ValueSet/dex-mimetype|2.8.0#vs1", TBD)
-     * Note: The reference could be a contained ValueSet in a different resource
-     * See https://www.hl7.org/fhir/references.html#canonical-fragments
-     * @returns {null} a FHIR resource
-     * @private
-     */
-    _getResourcesFromPackageStore: function(resType, resIdentifier) {
-
-      var resReturn = null;
-
-      if (this._packageStore && resIdentifier && resType) {
-        var splited = resIdentifier.split("|");
-        var url = splited[0];
-        var version = splited[1];
-        for (var i=0, iLen=this._packageStore.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-          var resource = this._packageStore[i];
-          if (resource.resourceType === resType && resource.url === url &&
-              (version && resource.version === version || !version) ) {
-            resReturn = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(resource));
-            break;
-          }
-        }
-      }
-      return resReturn;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Get a list of warning messages where answer lists are not loaded from URLs
-     * in 'answerValueSet'
-     */
-    checkAnswersResourceStatus: function() {
-      var status = [];
-      for (var i=0, iLen=this.itemList.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-        var item = this.itemList[i];
-        if (item.answerValueSet && ! item.answers) {
-          status.push("Resource not loaded: " + item.answerValueSet)
-        }
-      }
-
-      return status;
-    },
-
-    /**
-     *  Registers a callback for use if the rendering of the form
-     *  requires the asynchronous operations (e.g. the loading of external
-     *  resources) which could affect the content.  Potentially, the function could
-     *  be called more than once, or after a related group of resources have
-     *  completed loading.
-     */
-    addAsyncChangeListener: function(listener) {
-      if (!this._asyncChangeListeners)
-        this._asyncChangeListeners = [];
-      this._asyncChangeListeners.push(listener);
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     *  Calls the listeners registered via addAsyncChangeListener.
-     */
-    _notifyAsyncChangeListeners: function() {
-      if (this._asyncChangeListeners) {
-        for (var i=0, len=this._asyncChangeListeners.length; i<len; ++i)
-          this._asyncChangeListeners[i]();
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     *  Initializes form-level FHIR data.  This should be called before item
-     *  properties are set up, because it sets properties like this.fhirVersion
-     *  which might be needed for processing the items.
-     * @param data - LForms form definition object (or LFormsData).
-     */
-    _initializeFormFHIRData: function(data) {
-      var lfData = this;
-      this.fhirVersion = data.fhirVersion || 'R4'; // Default to R4
-      this._fhir = LForms.FHIR[lfData.fhirVersion];
-      this._expressionProcessor = new this._fhir.SDC.ExpressionProcessor(this);
-      this._fhirVariables = {};
-      this.extension = data.extension ? data.extension.slice(0) : []; // Shallow copy
-
-      if (data.extension) {
-        this._fhir.SDC.buildExtensionMap(this);
-        this._hasResponsiveExpr = this._hasResponsiveExpr ||
-          this._fhir.SDC.hasResponsiveExpression(this);
-        this._hasInitialExpr = this._hasInitialExpr ||
-          this._fhir.SDC.hasInitialExpression(this);
-      }
-
-      this._fhir.SDC.processExtensions(lfData, 'obj_title');
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     *   Returns the object containing the FHIR support.  If this LFormsData
-     *   does not have fhirVersion set or if support for that version is not
-     *   loaded, then a support object for some FHIR version will be returned,
-     *   if any is loaded.  (In some cases, we do not care which version is
-     *   used.)  If no fhir support is loaded, then an exception will be thrown.
-     */
-    _getFHIRSupport: function() {
-      var rtn = this._fhir;
-      if (!rtn) {
-        var loadedVersions = Object.keys(LForms.FHIR);
-        if (loadedVersions.length > 0)
-          rtn = LForms.FHIR[loadedVersions[0]];
-        if (!rtn)
-          throw new Error('The LHC-Forms FHIR support file was not loaded.');
-        else
-          this._fhir = rtn;
-      }
-      return rtn;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     *  Loads FHIR resources necessary to show the form.  These are loaded
-     *  asynchronously.  When the asynchronous requests have completed, if
-     *  "prepoluate" is set to true, the form will be partially filled in with
-     *  values from the resources as extensions indicate (e.g.
-     *  observationLinkPeriod and initialExpression).
-     *  Prior to calling this, LForms.Util.setFHIRContext() should have been
-     *  called, so that communication with the FHIR server can take place.
-     * @param prepopulate whether or not to perform prepoluation.  If the form
-     *  being shown is going to include previously saved user data, this flag
-     *  should be set to false (which is the default).
-     */
-    loadFHIRResources: function(prepopulate) {
-      if (!LForms.fhirContext) {
-        throw new Error('LForms.Util.setFHIRContext() must be called before loadFHIRResources');
-      }
-      var lfData = this;
-
-      var sdc = this._fhir.SDC;
-      var pendingPromises = sdc.loadLaunchContext(this);
-
-      // answerValueSet (for prefetched lists)
-      pendingPromises = pendingPromises.concat(sdc.loadAnswerValueSets(this));
-
-      if (prepopulate)
-        pendingPromises.push(sdc.requestLinkedObs(this));
-
-      return Promise.all(pendingPromises).then(function() {
-        lfData._notifyAsyncChangeListeners();
-      }, function fail(e) { throw e });
-    },
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Load ValueSet from the resource package, convert it the LForms' answers format
-     * and set it on item.answers
-     * @param item an item of lforms
-     * @private
-     */
-    _loadAnswerValueSetsFromPackage: function(item) {
-
-      if (item.answerValueSet) {
-        var vs = this._getResourcesFromPackageStore("ValueSet", item.answerValueSet)
-        if (vs && this._fhir) {
-          var answers = this._fhir.SDC.answersFromVS(vs.fileContent);
-          if (answers) {
-            item.answers = answers;
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     *  Checks that the given variable name is allowed in FHIR and throws an
-     *  exception if it is not.
-     */
-    _checkFHIRVarName: function(name) {
-      if (this._fhir.reservedVarNames[name]) {
-        throw 'The "'+name+'" variable name is reserved; Questionnaires may not '+
-          'assign a value to it.';
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Calculate internal data from the raw form definition data,
-     * including:
-     * structural data:
-     *    _id, _idPath
-     * data for widget control and/or performance improvement:
-     *    _displayLevel
-     * @private
-     */
-    _initializeInternalData: function() {
-      //TODO, validate form data
-
-      // set default values of certain form definition fields
-      this._setDefaultValues();
-
-      LForms.Util.initializeCodes(this);
-      // update internal status
-      this._repeatableItems = {};
-      this._setTreeNodes(this.items, this);
-      this._updateLastRepeatingItemsStatus(this.items);
-
-      // create a reference list of all items in the tree
-      this.itemList = [];
-      this.itemHash = {};
-      this._updateItemReferenceList(this.items);
-
-      this._standardizeScoreRule(this.itemList);
-
-      // create horizontal table info
-      this._resetHorizontalTableInfo();
-      this._adjustLastSiblingListForHorizontalLayout();
-
-      // create a navigation map
-      this.Navigation.setupNavigationMap(this);
-
-      // create auto-completer options and assign field default values
-      this._setUpAnswerAndUnitAutoComp(this.itemList);
-
-      // set up a mapping from controlling items to controlled items
-      // for skip logic, data controls and formulas
-      this._setupSourceToTargetMap();
-
-      // run the form controls
-      this._checkFormControls();
-
-      // adjust template options
-      this._adjustTemplateOptions();
-    },
-
-    /**
-     * Adjust hideUnits value depending on whether units are included in the form.
-     * It is to be called only in the initialization of the form data object.
-     * @private
-     */
-    _adjustTemplateOptions: function() {
-      // if none of the items has 'units', reset the 'hideUnits' to be true
-      var noUnits = true;
-      for (var i=0, iLen=this.itemList.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-        if (Array.isArray(this.itemList[i].units) && this.itemList[i].units.length > 0 ) {
-          noUnits = false;
-          break;
-        }
-      }
-      if (noUnits) {
-        this.templateOptions.hideUnits = true;
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Reset internal structural data when repeatable items/groups are added or removed.
-     * @private
-     */
-    _resetInternalData: function() {
-
-      // update internal status
-      this._updateTreeNodes(this.items,this);
-      this._updateLastRepeatingItemsStatus(this.items);
-
-      // create a reference list of all items in the tree
-      this.itemList = [];
-      this.itemHash = {};
-      this._updateItemReferenceList(this.items);
-
-      this._standardizeScoreRule(this.itemList);
-
-      // create horizontal table info
-      this._resetHorizontalTableInfo();
-      this._adjustLastSiblingListForHorizontalLayout();
-
-      // create a navigation map
-      this.Navigation.setupNavigationMap(this);
-
-      // create auto-completer options
-      this._setUpAnswerAndUnitAutoComp(this.itemList);
-
-      // set up a mapping from controlling items to controlled items
-      // for skip logic, data controls and formulas
-      this._setupSourceToTargetMap();
-
-      // run the all form controls
-      this._checkFormControls();
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Recursively update skip logic status of a source item, and apply any process,
-     * typically update formulas or data control values.
-     *
-     * @param sourceItem - LFormsData of a source item.
-     * @param processItem - A call back function with signature:
-     *      function(item): item - Updated LFormsData of traversed item.
-     */
-    updateSkipLogicControlledItems: function(sourceItem, processItem) {
-      // check skip logic
-      if(sourceItem._skipLogicTargets) {
-        for (var i= 0, iLen=sourceItem._skipLogicTargets.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-          var targetItem = sourceItem._skipLogicTargets[i];
-          this._updateItemSkipLogicStatus(targetItem, null);
-          this.updateSkipLogicControlledItems(targetItem, processItem);
-        }
-      }
-      processItem(sourceItem);
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Check skip logic, formulas and data controls when the source item changes.
-     * @param sourceItem the controlling/source item
-     */
-    updateOnSourceItemChange: function(sourceItem) {
-      var _self = this;
-      this.updateSkipLogicControlledItems(sourceItem, function(item) {
-        // check formula
-        if(item._formulaTargets) {
-          for (var i= 0, iLen=item._formulaTargets.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-            var targetItem = item._formulaTargets[i];
-            _self._processItemFormula(targetItem);
-          }
-        }
-        // check data control
-        if(item._dataControlTargets) {
-          for (var i= 0, iLen=item._dataControlTargets.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-            var targetItem = item._dataControlTargets[i];
-            _self._processItemDataControl(targetItem);
-          }
-        }
-      });
-
-      // update internal status
-      this._updateTreeNodes(this.items,this);
-      this._updateLastRepeatingItemsStatus(this.items);
-      this._resetHorizontalTableInfo();
-      this._adjustLastSiblingListForHorizontalLayout();
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Validate user input value
-     * This might be used in the future.
-     * @param item the question item
-     * @private
-     */
-    _checkValidations: function(item) {
-      if (item._hasValidation) {
-        var errors = [];
-        var errorRequired = LForms.Validations.checkRequired(item._answerRequired, item.value, errors);
-        var errorDataType = LForms.Validations.checkDataType(item.dataType, item.value, errors);
-        var errorRestrictions = LForms.Validations.checkRestrictions(item.restrictions, item.value, errors);
-        item._validationErrors = errors;
-
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * run all form controls when a form data is initially loaded.
-     * @private
-     */
-    _checkFormControls: function() {
-
-      for (var i=0, iLen=this.itemList.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-        var item = this.itemList[i];
-
-        // run formula
-        if (item.calculationMethod) {
-          this._processItemFormula(item);
-        }
-        // run data control
-        if (item.dataControl) {
-          this._processItemDataControl(item);
-        }
-        // run skip logic
-        if (item.skipLogic) {
-          this._updateItemSkipLogicStatus(item, null);
-        }
-        // Hide the sub items if _isHiddenInDef flag is true.
-        if (item._isHiddenInDef) {
-          item._isHiddenFromView = true;
-          this._setSubItemsHidden(item);
-        }
-      }
-
-      // update internal status
-      this._updateTreeNodes(this.items,this);
-      this._updateLastRepeatingItemsStatus(this.items);
-      this._resetHorizontalTableInfo();
-      this._adjustLastSiblingListForHorizontalLayout();
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Update sub items if the current item is hidden
-     * @param item the item that is hidden
-     */
-    _setSubItemsHidden: function(item) {
-      // process the sub items
-      if (item.items && item.items.length > 0) {
-        for (var i=0, iLen=item.items.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-          var subItem = item.items[i];
-          subItem._isHiddenFromView = true;
-          this._setSubItemsHidden(subItem);
-        }
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Set up a mapping between controlling/source items and target items on the controlling/source item
-     * @private
-     */
-    _setupSourceToTargetMap: function() {
-      for (var i=0, iLen=this.itemList.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-        var item = this.itemList[i];
-        // formula
-        if (item.calculationMethod && item.calculationMethod.name) {
-          var sourceItems = this._getFormulaSourceItems(item, item.calculationMethod.value);
-          for(var j= 0, jLen=sourceItems.length; j<jLen; j++) {
-            if (sourceItems[j]._formulaTargets) {
-              sourceItems[j]._formulaTargets.push(item);
-            }
-            else {
-              sourceItems[j]._formulaTargets = [item];
-            }
-          }
-        }
-        // dataControl
-        if (item.dataControl && angular.isArray(item.dataControl)) {
-          for (var j= 0, jLen=item.dataControl.length; j<jLen; j++) {
-            var source = item.dataControl[j].source;
-
-            // has a source configuration
-            if (source && (!source.sourceType || source.sourceType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_CONTROL.SOURCE_INTERNAL) &&
-                source.sourceLinkId) {
-              // get the source item object
-              var sourceItem = this._findItemByLinkId(item, source.sourceLinkId);
-              if (!sourceItem) {
-                // This is an error in the form definition.  Provide a useful
-                // debugging message.
-                throw new Error("Data control for item '"+item.question+ "' refers to source item '"+source.sourceLinkId+
-                  "' which was not found as a sibling, ancestor, or ancestor sibling.");
-              }
-              if (sourceItem._dataControlTargets) {
-                sourceItem._dataControlTargets.push(item);
-              }
-              else {
-                sourceItem._dataControlTargets = [item];
-              }
-            }
-          }
-        }
-        // skip logic
-        if (item.skipLogic) {
-          for (var j= 0, jLen=item.skipLogic.conditions.length; j<jLen; j++) {
-            var condition = item.skipLogic.conditions[j];
-            var sourceItem = this._getSkipLogicSourceItem(item, condition.source);
-            if (sourceItem._skipLogicTargets) {
-              sourceItem._skipLogicTargets.push(item);
-            }
-            else {
-              sourceItem._skipLogicTargets = [item];
-            }
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Update data by running the skip logic on the target item
-     * @param item the target item where there is a skip logic
-     * @param disabled if the parent item is already disabled
-     */
-    _updateItemSkipLogicStatus: function(item, disabled) {
-      // if one item is hidden all of its decedents should be hidden.
-      // not necessary to check skip logic, assuming 'hide' has the priority over 'show'
-      if (disabled) {
-        this._setSkipLogicStatusValue(item, this._CONSTANTS.SKIP_LOGIC.STATUS_DISABLED);
-        var isDisabled = true;
-      }
-      // if the item is not hidden, show all its decedents unless they are hidden by other skip logic.
-      else {
-        if (item.skipLogic) {
-          var takeAction = this._checkSkipLogic(item);
-
-          if (!item.skipLogic.action || item.skipLogic.action === this._CONSTANTS.SKIP_LOGIC.ACTION_ENABLE) {
-            var newStatus = takeAction ? this._CONSTANTS.SKIP_LOGIC.STATUS_ENABLED : this._CONSTANTS.SKIP_LOGIC.STATUS_DISABLED;
-            this._setSkipLogicStatusValue(item, newStatus);
-          }
-          else if (item.skipLogic.action === this._CONSTANTS.SKIP_LOGIC.ACTION_DISABLE) {
-            var newStatus = takeAction ? this._CONSTANTS.SKIP_LOGIC.STATUS_DISABLED : this._CONSTANTS.SKIP_LOGIC.STATUS_ENABLED;
-            this._setSkipLogicStatusValue(item, newStatus);
-          }
-        }
-        // if there's no skip logic, show it when it was hidden because one of its ancestors was hidden
-        else if (item._skipLogicStatus === this._CONSTANTS.SKIP_LOGIC.STATUS_DISABLED) {
-          this._setSkipLogicStatusValue(item, this._CONSTANTS.SKIP_LOGIC.STATUS_ENABLED);
-        }
-        var isDisabled = item._skipLogicStatus === this._CONSTANTS.SKIP_LOGIC.STATUS_DISABLED;
-      }
-      // process the sub items
-      if (item.items && item.items.length > 0) {
-        for (var i=0, iLen=item.items.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-          var subItem = item.items[i];
-          this._updateItemSkipLogicStatus(subItem, isDisabled);
-        }
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Preset skip logic status for newly added repeating items
-     * @param item an item
-     * @param hide if the parent item is already hidden
-     * @private
-     */
-    _presetSkipLogicStatus: function(item, hide) {
-      // if it has skip logic or one of its ancestors has skip logic
-      if (item.skipLogic || hide) {
-        this._setSkipLogicStatusValue(item, this._CONSTANTS.SKIP_LOGIC.STATUS_DISABLED, true);
-        var isDisabled = true;
-        // process the sub items
-        if (item.items) {
-          for (var i=0, iLen=item.items.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-            this._presetSkipLogicStatus(item.items[i], isDisabled);
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Set the skip logic status value on an item and create a screen reader log
-     * @param item an item
-     * @param newStatus the new skip logic status
-     * @param noLog optional, a flag that decides whether the action needs to be logged, default is false
-     * @private
-     */
-    _setSkipLogicStatusValue: function(item, newStatus, noLog) {
-      if (item._skipLogicStatus !== newStatus) {
-        if (item._skipLogicStatus) {
-          var msg = newStatus === this._CONSTANTS.SKIP_LOGIC.STATUS_DISABLED ? 'Hiding ' + item._text : 'Showing ' + item._text;
-          if (!noLog)
-            this._actionLogs.push(msg);
-        }
-        item._preSkipLogicStatus = item._skipLogicStatus;
-        item._skipLogicStatus = newStatus;
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Create a list of reference to the items in the tree
-     * @param items sibling items on one level of the tree
-     * @private
-     */
-    _updateItemReferenceList: function(items) {
-
-      for (var i=0, iLen=items.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-        var item = items[i];
-        this.itemList.push(item);
-        this.itemHash[item._elementId] = item;
-        // process the sub items
-        if (item.items && item.items.length > 0) {
-          this._updateItemReferenceList(item.items);
-        }
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Find all the items across the form that have scores
-     * @returns {string[]} items that have a score value on answers
-     * @private
-     */
-    _findItemsWithScore: function() {
-
-      var itemsWithScore = {};
-
-      // check siblings
-      for (var i=0, iLen=this.itemList.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-        var sourceItem = this.itemList[i];
-        // it has an answer list
-        if ((sourceItem.dataType === 'CNE' || sourceItem.dataType === 'CWE') &&
-            sourceItem.answers && Array.isArray(sourceItem.answers) && sourceItem.answers.length > 0) {
-          // check if any one of the answers has a score
-          for (var j = 0, jLen = sourceItem.answers.length; j < jLen; j++) {
-            var answer = sourceItem.answers[j];
-            if (answer && answer.hasOwnProperty('score') && !isNaN(answer.score)) {
-              itemsWithScore[sourceItem.linkId] = sourceItem;
-              break;
-            }
-          } // end of answers loop
-        } // end if there's an answer list
-      }
-      return Object.keys(itemsWithScore);
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Convert the score rule definition to the standard formula definition
-     * @param itemList the reference list of the items in the tree
-     * @private
-     */
-    _standardizeScoreRule: function(itemList) {
-      for (var i=0, iLen=itemList.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-        var totalScoreItem = itemList[i];
-
-        if (totalScoreItem.calculationMethod &&
-          (totalScoreItem.calculationMethod.name === this._CONSTANTS.CALCULATION_METHOD.TOTALSCORE ||
-          totalScoreItem.calculationMethod === this._CONSTANTS.CALCULATION_METHOD.TOTALSCORE) ) {
-          // TBD, if the parameters values are already supplied,
-          totalScoreItem.calculationMethod = {"name": this._CONSTANTS.CALCULATION_METHOD.TOTALSCORE, "value": []};
-
-          var itemsWithScore = this._findItemsWithScore();
-          totalScoreItem.calculationMethod.value = itemsWithScore;
-        }
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Set default values if the data is missing.
-     * @private
-     */
-    _setDefaultValues: function() {
-
-      this._codePath = "";
-      this._idPath = "";
-      this._displayLevel = 0;
-      this._activeItem = null;
-
-      // add a link to external site for item's definition
-      if (this.codeSystem === "LOINC") {
-        this._linkToDef = "http://s.details.loinc.org/LOINC/" + this.code + ".html";
-      }
-
-      // template
-      if (!this.template || this.template.length == 0 ||
-          this.template === "form-view-a" || this.template === "form-view-b") {
-        this.template = "table";
-      }
-
-      // templateOptions
-      // not to use deep copy here, because of the unexpected deep copy result on arrays.
-
-
-      // make a copy of the existing options of the form data
-      var currentOptions = angular.copy(this.templateOptions);
-      var defaultOptions = angular.copy(this._defaultTemplateOptions);
-
-      this.setTemplateOptions(currentOptions, defaultOptions);
-
-      // process values in templateOptions.formHeaderItems,
-      if (this.templateOptions.formHeaderItems) {
-        for (var i=0, iLen=this.templateOptions.formHeaderItems.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-          var item = this.templateOptions.formHeaderItems[i];
-          if (item.value && (item.dataType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.DT || item.dataType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.DTM)) {
-              item.value = LForms.Util.stringToDate(item.value);
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Merge two arrays of objects.
-     * Any object or field value that is null are skipped.
-     * Note: Used in setTemplateOptions only. Not supposed to be used by other functions.
-     * @param array1 the array where data are merged to
-     * @param array2 the array where data are merged from.
-     * @private
-     */
-    _mergeTwoArrays: function(array1, array2) {
-      for (var i= 0, iLen = array2.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-        // if the element is not null or undefined
-        if (array2[i]) {
-          var fields = Object.keys(array2[i]);
-          for (var j= 0, jLen=fields.length; j<jLen; j++) {
-            // if the value is not null or undefined
-            if (array2[i][fields[j]] !== null || array2[i][fields[j]] !==undefined) {
-              // update the value on the field in array 1.
-              // no duplicated angular.copy here on the value if array2 contains copies of the objects already
-              array1[i][fields[j]] = array2[i][fields[j]];
-            }
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Set template options
-     * @param newOptions new options to be merged with existing options
-     * @param existingOptions existing options in the form data
-     */
-    setTemplateOptions: function(newOptions, existingOptions) {
-      if (newOptions) {
-        if (!existingOptions)
-          existingOptions = angular.copy(this.templateOptions);
-
-        // get the fields that contains array
-        var columnHeaders = newOptions.columnHeaders;
-        delete newOptions.columnHeaders;
-        // merge the options
-        this.templateOptions = jQuery.extend({}, existingOptions, newOptions);
-        // process columnHeaders
-        if (columnHeaders) {
-          this._mergeTwoArrays(this.templateOptions.columnHeaders, columnHeaders);
-        }
-
-        // if there is a formHeaderItems array, set up autocomplete options
-        if (this.templateOptions.formHeaderItems) {
-          for (var i=0, iLen=this.templateOptions.formHeaderItems.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-            var item = this.templateOptions.formHeaderItems[i];
-            if (item.dataType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.CWE ||
-                item.dataType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.CNE) {
-              this._updateAutocompOptions(item);
-              this._resetItemValueWithModifiedAnswers(item);
-            }
-            // if this is not a saved form with user data, and
-            // there is a default value, and
-            // there is no embedded data
-            else if (!this.hasSavedData && item.defaultAnswer && !item.value) {
-              this._lfItemValueFromDefaultAnswer(item);
-            }
-            this._updateUnitAutocompOptions(item);
-          }
-
-        }
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Assign the given item's defaultAnswer as its value, potentially with data type conversion/transformation.
-     * For now, only converting DT/DTM string to a date object. The assignment happens only if item.defaultAnswer
-     * is not undefined, null, or empty string.
-     * @param item the lforms item to assign value to (from its defaultAnswer)
-     * @private
-     */
-    _lfItemValueFromDefaultAnswer: function(item) {
-      var value = item.defaultAnswer;
-      if(value === undefined || value === null || value === '') {
-        return false;
-      }
-      if((item.dataType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.DTM
-          || item.dataType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.DT) && typeof value === 'string') {
-        value = LForms.Util.stringToDate(value);
-        if(! value) { // LForms.Util.stringToDate returns null on invalid string
-          //TODO: should save the errors or emitting events.
-          console.error(item.defaultAnswer + ': Invalid date/datetime string as defaultAnswer for ' + item.questionCode);
-        }
-      }
-      item.value = value;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Set up the internal data for each item in the tree
-     * @param items sibling items on one level of the tree
-     * @param parentItem the parent item
-     * @private
-     */
-    _setTreeNodes: function(items, parentItem) {
-      var iLen=items.length, lastSiblingIndex = iLen -1;
-      var prevSibling = null, itemId = 1;
-
-      // for each item on this level
-      for (var i=0; i<iLen; i++) {
-        var item = items[i];
-
-        LForms.Util.initializeCodes(item);
-
-        // set display text for the item
-        item._text = item.prefix ? item.prefix + " " + item.question : item.question;
-
-        // set default dataType
-        if (item.header) {
-          if (item.dataType !== this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.TITLE)
-            item.dataType = this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.SECTION;
-        }
-        else {
-          // set data type for items with units (for unified display styles)
-          if (item.units && !item.dataType) {
-            item.dataType = this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.REAL;
-          }
-          else if(!item.dataType)
-            item.dataType = this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.ST; // default data type
-        }
-
-        // displayControl default values
-        if (item.dataType === "SECTION") {
-          if (!item.displayControl) {
-            item.displayControl = {"questionLayout": "vertical"};
-            if (item.layout) {
-              // rename layout for backward compatibility
-              item.displayControl.questionLayout = item.layout;
-              delete item.layout;
-            }
-          }
-          else if (!item.displayControl.questionLayout) {
-            item.displayControl.questionLayout = "vertical";
-          }
-        }
-        else if (item.dataType === "CWE" || item.dataType === "CNE") {
-          if (!item.displayControl) {
-            item.displayControl = angular.copy(this.templateOptions.defaultAnswerLayout);
-          }
-          else if (!item.displayControl.answerLayout) {
-            item.displayControl.answerLayout =angular.copy(this.templateOptions.defaultAnswerLayout.answerLayout);
-          }
-        }
-
-        if (item.extension && this._fhir) {
-          this._fhir.SDC.buildExtensionMap(item);
-          this._hasResponsiveExpr = this._hasResponsiveExpr ||
-            this._fhir.SDC.hasResponsiveExpression(item);
-          this._hasInitialExpr = this._hasInitialExpr ||
-            this._fhir.SDC.hasInitialExpression(item);
-          item._hasListExpr =
-            this._fhir.SDC.hasListExpression(item);
-        }
-
-        this._updateItemAttrs(item);
-
-        // reset answers if it is an answer list id
-        if ((angular.isString(item.answers) || angular.isNumber(item.answers)) &&
-            this.answerLists && angular.isArray(this.answerLists[item.answers])) {
-          item.answers = this.answerLists[item.answers];
-        }
-
-        // if a resource package is provided
-        if (this._packageStore) {
-          this._loadAnswerValueSetsFromPackage(item);
-        }
-
-
-        // If there are answers for an answer list and there is a value, replace
-        // the value objects with the corresponding objects from the answer list,
-        // so that when they are displayed as radio buttons, angular will recognize the
-        // one or more answer options as equal to the values.
-        this._setModifiedAnswers(item); // sets item._modifiedAnswers
-
-        // reset item.value with modified answers if the item has a value (or an array of values)
-        if (item.dataType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.CWE ||
-            item.dataType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.CNE) {
-          this._resetItemValueWithModifiedAnswers(item);
-        }
-        // if this is not a saved form with user data, and
-        // there is a default value, and
-        // there is no embedded data
-        else if (!this.hasSavedData && item.defaultAnswer && !item.value) {
-          this._lfItemValueFromDefaultAnswer(item);
-        }
-
-        // normalize unit value if there is one, needed by calculationMethod
-        if (item.unit && !item.unit.text) {
-          item.unit.text = item.unit.name;
-        }
-
-        // id
-        if (item._questionRepeatable && prevSibling && prevSibling.linkId === item.linkId) {
-          itemId += 1;
-        }
-        else {
-          itemId = 1;
-        }
-        item._id = itemId;
-
-        item._idPath = parentItem._idPath + this.PATH_DELIMITER + item._id;
-        item._elementId = item.linkId + item._idPath;
-        item._displayLevel = parentItem._displayLevel + 1;
-
-        // set last sibling status
-        item._lastSibling = i === lastSiblingIndex;
-        // set the first sibling status
-        item._firstSibling = i === 0;
-
-        // set up tooltip and process user data if there's any user data.
-        if (!item._readOnly) {
-          switch (item.dataType) {
-            case this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.DT:
-              item._toolTip = "MM/DD/YYYY";
-              // process user data
-              if (item.value) {
-                item.value = LForms.Util.stringToDate(item.value);
-              }
-              break;
-            case this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.DTM:
-              item._toolTip = "MM/DD/YYYY HH:MM";
-              // process user data
-              if (item.value) {
-                item.value = LForms.Util.stringToDate(item.value);
-              }
-              break;
-            case this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.CNE:
-              if (item.externallyDefined)
-                item._toolTip = item._multipleAnswers ? "Search for values" : "Search for value";
-              else
-                item._toolTip = item._multipleAnswers ? "Select one or more" : "Select one";
-              break;
-            case this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.CWE:
-              if (item.externallyDefined)
-                item._toolTip = item._multipleAnswers ? "Search for or type values" : "Search for or type a value";
-              else
-                item._toolTip = item._multipleAnswers ? "Select one or more or type a value" : "Select one or type a value";
-              break;
-            case "SECTION":
-            case "TITLE":
-            case "":
-              item._toolTip = "";
-              break;
-            case this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.INT:
-            case this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.REAL:
-            case this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.QTY:
-              item._toolTip = "Type a number";
-              // internally all numeric values are of string type
-              if (typeof item.value === "number")
-                item.value = item.value + "";
-              break;
-            default: {
-              item._toolTip = "Type a value";
-            }
-          }
-        }
-
-        // set up validation flag
-        if (item._answerRequired ||
-            item.restrictions ||
-            (item.dataType !== this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.ST &&
-             item.dataType !== this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.TX &&
-             item.dataType !== this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.CWE &&
-             //item.dataType !== this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.CNE)) {
-             item.dataType !== this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.CNE &&
-             item.dataType !== this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.DTM)) { // datetime picker controls input.
-          item._hasValidation = true;
-        }
-
-        // add a link to external site for item's definition
-        if (item.questionCodeSystem === "LOINC" || (this.codeSystem === "LOINC" && !item.questionCodeSystem)) {
-          item._linkToDef = "http://s.details.loinc.org/LOINC/" + item.questionCode + ".html";
-        }
-
-        // process the sub items
-        if (item.items && item.items.length > 0) {
-          this._setTreeNodes(item.items, item);
-        }
-
-        // keep a copy of the repeatable items, only for the first of the same repeating items
-        // before the parentItem is added to avoid circular reference that make the angular.copy really slow
-        // Note: this must be processed after its sub items are processed.
-        if (item._questionRepeatable && item._id === 1) {
-          // remove _parentItem if there is one
-          delete item._parentItem;
-          var itemRepeatable = angular.copy(item);
-          // remove user data
-          this._removeUserDataAndRepeatingSubItems(itemRepeatable);
-          this._repeatableItems[item.linkId] = itemRepeatable;
-        }
-        // set a reference to its parent item
-        item._parentItem = parentItem;
-
-        // keep a reference to the previous item for checking repeating items.
-        prevSibling = item;
-
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Remove user data and the repeating sub items (except for the first one)
-     * on an item or on all its sub items
-     * @param item an item
-     * @private
-     */
-    _removeUserDataAndRepeatingSubItems: function(item) {
-      item.value = null;
-      item.unit = null;
-      if (item.items && item.items.length > 0) {
-        for (var i=0; i<item.items.length; i++) {
-          var subItem = item.items[i];
-          if (subItem._questionRepeatable && subItem._id != 1) {
-            item.items.splice(i, 1);
-            i--;
-          }
-          else {
-            this._removeUserDataAndRepeatingSubItems(subItem);
-          }
-
-        }
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     *  Sets some tree node attributes which need to be updated by both _setTreeNodes
-     *  and _updateTreeNodes.
-     * @param item the item whose attributes need to set or updated.
-     */
-    _updateItemAttrs: function(item) {
-      // set default values on the item
-      // questionCardinality
-      if (!item.questionCardinality) {
-        item.questionCardinality = {"min":"1", "max":"1"};
-      }
-      // answerCardinality
-      if (!item.answerCardinality) {
-        item.answerCardinality = {"min":"0", "max":"1"};
-      }
-
-      if (!Array.isArray(item.answers) && item.answers !== "" && this.answerLists) {
-        item.answers = this.answerLists[item.answers];
-      }
-
-      // process the answer code system
-      if (Array.isArray(item.answers)) {
-        var answerCodeSystem = item.answerCodeSystem ? LForms.Util.getCodeSystem(item.answerCodeSystem) : null;
-        for (var i=0, iLen = item.answers.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-          var answer = item.answers[i];
-          // if there is a 'system'
-          if (answer.system) {
-            // convert system to the standard one in case it is 'LOINC'
-            answer.system = LForms.Util.getCodeSystem(answer.system);
-          }
-          else {
-            // convert 'codeSystem' to 'system'. support 'codeSystem' for backward compatibility.
-            if (answer.codeSystem) {
-              answer.system = LForms.Util.getCodeSystem(answer.codeSystem);
-              delete answer.codeSystem;
-            // use item level answer code system
-            } else if (answerCodeSystem) {
-              answer.system = answerCodeSystem;
-            }
-          }
-        }
-      }
-
-      // set up flags for question and answer cardinality
-      item._questionRepeatable = item.questionCardinality.max &&
-          (item.questionCardinality.max === "*" || parseInt(item.questionCardinality.max) > 1);
-      item._answerRequired = item.answerCardinality.min &&
-          (item.answerCardinality.min && parseInt(item.answerCardinality.min) >= 1);
-      item._multipleAnswers = item.answerCardinality.max &&
-          (item.answerCardinality.max === "*" || parseInt(item.answerCardinality.max) > 1);
-
-      // set up readonly flag
-      item._readOnly = (item.editable && item.editable === "0") ||
-        !!(item.calculationMethod ||
-           (item._fhirExt && item._fhirExt[this._fhir.SDC.fhirExtCalculatedExp]));
-
-      if (this._fhir) {
-        this._fhir.SDC.processExtensions(item, 'obj_text');
-        this._fhir.SDC.processExtensions(item, 'obj_prefix');
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Update the internal data for each item in the tree when items are added or removed or the values change
-     * @param items sibling items on one level of the tree
-     * @param parentItem the parent item
-     * @private
-     */
-    _updateTreeNodes: function(items, parentItem) {
-      // for each item on this level
-      var iLen=items.length, lastSiblingIndex = iLen -1;
-      var foundLastSibling = false;
-      for (var i=iLen-1; i>=0; i--) {
-        var item = items[i];
-        if (!item._id) item._id = 1;
-
-        item._idPath = parentItem._idPath + this.PATH_DELIMITER + item._id;
-        item._elementId = item.linkId + item._idPath;
-        item._displayLevel = parentItem._displayLevel + 1;
-        item._parentItem = parentItem;
-        item._repeatingSectionList = null;
-
-        this._updateItemAttrs(item);
-
-        // set the last sibling status
-        item._lastSibling = i === lastSiblingIndex;
-
-        // consider if the last sibling is hidden by skip logic
-        if (!foundLastSibling) {
-          if (item._skipLogicStatus === this._CONSTANTS.SKIP_LOGIC.STATUS_DISABLED ) {
-            item._lastSibling = false;
-            lastSiblingIndex -= 1;
-          }
-          else {
-            item._lastSibling = true;
-            foundLastSibling = true;
-          }
-        }
-
-        // keep a copy of the repeatable items, only for the first of the same repeating items
-        // before the parentItem is added to avoid circular reference that make the angular.copy really slow
-        if (item._questionRepeatable && item._id === 1 && !this._repeatableItems[item.linkId]) {
-          delete item._parentItem;
-          var itemRepeatable = angular.copy(item);
-          // remove user data
-          this._removeUserDataAndRepeatingSubItems(itemRepeatable);
-          this._repeatableItems[item.linkId] = itemRepeatable;
-        }
-        item._parentItem = parentItem;
-
-        // process the sub items
-        if (item.items && item.items.length > 0) {
-          this._updateTreeNodes(item.items, item);
-        }
-      }
-
-      // check first sibling status
-      var foundFirstSibling = false;
-      var firstSiblingIndex = 0;
-      for (var i=0; i<iLen; i++) {
-        var item = items[i];
-        // set the first sibling status
-        item._firstSibling = i === firstSiblingIndex;
-
-        // consider if the first sibling is hidden by skip logic
-        if (!foundFirstSibling) {
-          if (item._skipLogicStatus === this._CONSTANTS.SKIP_LOGIC.STATUS_DISABLED ) {
-            item._firstSibling = false;
-            firstSiblingIndex += 1;
-          }
-          else {
-            item._firstSibling = true;
-            foundFirstSibling = true;
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Get the complete form definition data, including the user input data from the form.
-     * The returned data could be fed into a LForms widget directly to render the form.
-     * @param noEmptyValue optional, to remove items that have an empty value, the default is false.
-     * @param noDisabledItem optional, to remove items that are disabled by skip logic, the default is false.
-     * @param keepId optional, to keep _id field on item, the default is false
-     * @return {{}} form definition JSON object
-     */
-    getFormData: function(noEmptyValue, noDisabledItem, keepId) {
-
-      // get the form data
-      var formData = this.getUserData(false, noEmptyValue, noDisabledItem, keepId);
-
-      // check if there is user data
-      var hasSavedData = false;
-      for (var i=0, iLen=this.itemList.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-        var item = this.itemList[i];
-        if (!LForms.Util.isItemValueEmpty(item)) {
-          hasSavedData = true;
-          break;
-        }
-      }
-
-      var defData = {
-        lformsVersion: this.lformsVersion,
-        PATH_DELIMITER: this.PATH_DELIMITER,
-        code: this.code,
-        codeList: this.codeList,
-        identifier: this.identifier,
-        codeSystem: this.codeSystem,
-        name: this.name,
-        type: this.type,
-        template: this.template,
-        copyrightNotice: this.copyrightNotice,
-        items: formData.itemsData,
-        templateOptions: angular.copy(this.templateOptions)
-      };
-
-      if (this.extension) {
-        defData.extension = this.extension;
-      }
-      if (hasSavedData) {
-        defData.hasSavedData = true;
-      }
-
-      // reset obr fields
-      defData.templateOptions.formHeaderItems = angular.copy(formData.templateData);
-
-      return defData;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Get user input data from the form, with or without form definition data.
-     * @param noFormDefData optional, to not include form definition data, the default is false.
-     * @param noEmptyValue optional, to remove items that have an empty value, the default is false.
-     * @param noDisabledItem optional, to remove items that are disabled by skip logic, the default is false.
-     * @param keepId optional, to keep _id field on item, the default is false
-     * @returns {{itemsData: (*|Array), templateData: (*|Array)}} form data and template data
-     */
-    getUserData: function(noFormDefData, noEmptyValue, noDisabledItem, keepId) {
-      var ret = {};
-      // check the value on each item and its subtree
-      this._checkSubTreeValues(this.items);
-      ret.itemsData = this._processDataInItems(this.items, noFormDefData, noEmptyValue, noDisabledItem,
-          keepId);
-      // template options could be optional. Include them, only if they are present
-      if(this.templateOptions && this.templateOptions.showFormHeader && this.templateOptions.formHeaderItems ) {
-        // check the value on each item and its subtree
-        this._checkSubTreeValues(this.templateOptions.formHeaderItems);
-        ret.templateData = this._processDataInItems(this.templateOptions.formHeaderItems, noFormDefData, noEmptyValue,
-            noDisabledItem, keepId);
-      }
-      // return a deep copy of the data
-      return angular.copy(ret);
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Get a list of errors preventing the form from being valid.
-     * @returns {Array<string> | null} list of errors or null if no errors
-     */
-    checkValidity: function () {
-      const errors = [];
-      const itemListLength = this.itemList.length;
-
-      for (let i = 0; i < itemListLength; i++) {
-        const item = this.itemList[i];
-
-        if (item._skipLogicStatus !== this._CONSTANTS.SKIP_LOGIC.STATUS_DISABLED) {
-          this._checkValidations(item);
-
-          if (item._validationErrors !== undefined && item._validationErrors.length) {
-            const errorDetails = item._validationErrors.map((e) => `${item.question} ${e}`);
-
-            Array.prototype.push.apply(errors, errorDetails);
-          }
-        }
-      }
-
-      if (errors.length) {
-        return errors;
-      } else {
-        return null;
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Check the value on each item and set a _itemOrSubtreeHasValue flag
-     * @param items an array of items
-     */
-    _checkSubTreeValues: function(items) {
-      for (var i=0, iLen=items.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-        this._setSubTreeHasValue(items[i]);
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Set a _itemOrSubtreeHasValue flag on each item
-     * item._itemOrSubtreeHasValue is true if the item or any item in its subtree has value.
-     * @param item an item
-     */
-    _setSubTreeHasValue: function(item) {
-      var hasValue = false;
-
-      if (!LForms.Util.isItemValueEmpty(item.value)) {
-        hasValue = true;
-      }
-      if (item.items && item.items.length > 0) {
-        for (var i=0, iLen=item.items.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-          var subHasValue = this._setSubTreeHasValue(item.items[i]);
-          if (subHasValue)
-            hasValue = true;
-        }
-      }
-      item._itemOrSubtreeHasValue = hasValue;
-      return hasValue;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Process each item on each level of the tree structure
-     * @param items the items array
-     * @param noFormDefData optional, to not include form definition data, the default is false.
-     * @param noEmptyValue optional, to remove items that have an empty value, the default is false.
-     * @param noDisabledItem optional, to remove items that are disabled by skip logic, the default is false.
-     * @param keepId optional, to keep _id field on item, the default is false
-     * @returns {Array} form data on one tree level
-     * @private
-     */
-    _processDataInItems: function(items, noFormDefData, noEmptyValue, noDisabledItem, keepId) {
-      var itemsData = [];
-      for (var i=0, iLen=items.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-        var item = items[i];
-        var itemData = {};
-        // for user typed data of a CWE item, _answerOther is already in item.value as {text: _answerOther}.
-        // for 'other' in answer that requires an extra text input, the user typed data is kept in item.valueOther.
-
-        // skip the item if the value is empty and the flag is set to ignore the items with empty value
-        // or if the item is hidden and the flag is set to ignore hidden items
-        if (noDisabledItem && item._skipLogicStatus === this._CONSTANTS.SKIP_LOGIC.STATUS_DISABLED ||
-            noEmptyValue && !item._itemOrSubtreeHasValue && !item.header) {
-          continue;
-        }
-        // include only the code and the value (and unit, other value) if no form definition data is needed
-        if (noFormDefData) {
-          itemData.questionCode = item.questionCode;
-          // not a header
-          if (!item.header) {
-            if (item.value !== undefined) itemData.value = this._getOriginalValue(item.value, item.dataType);
-            if (item.unit) itemData.unit = this._getOriginalValue(item.unit);
-          }
-        }
-        // otherwise include form definition data
-        else {
-          // process extensions
-          if (item.extension) {
-            itemData.extension = item.extension;
-          }
-          // Process other fields
-          for (var field in item) {
-            // special handling for user input values
-            if (field === "value") {
-              itemData[field] = this._getOriginalValue(item[field], item.dataType);
-            }
-            else if (field === "unit") {
-              itemData[field] = this._getOriginalValue(item[field]);
-            }
-            // ignore the internal lforms data and angular data
-            else if (!field.match(/^[_\$]/) && field !== 'extension') {
-              itemData[field] = item[field];
-            }
-            if (keepId) {
-              itemData["_id"] = item["_id"];
-            }
-          }
-        }
-
-        // process the sub items
-        if (item.items && item.items.length > 0) {
-          itemData.items = this._processDataInItems(item.items, noFormDefData, noEmptyValue, noDisabledItem, keepId);
-        }
-        // not to add the section header if noEmptyValue is set, and
-        // all its children has empty value (thus have not been added either) or it has not children, and
-        // it has an empty value (empty object, empty array)
-        if (!noEmptyValue || (itemData.items && itemData.items.length !== 0) || item._itemOrSubtreeHasValue) {
-          itemsData.push(itemData);
-        }
-      }
-      return itemsData;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Process values for a user selected/typed answer or unit.
-     * Also remove internal data whose field/key names start with _.
-     * @param obj either an answer object or a unit object
-     * @param typeCWE optional, a flag indicates the item type is CWE, where data is
-     * handled by autocomplete-lhc or radio buttons/checkboxes. default is false
-     * @returns {{}}  a new object with the internal attributes removed.
-     * @private
-     */
-    _filterInternalData: function(obj, typeCWE) {
-      var objReturn = {};
-
-      // special handling for the user-typed value for CWE data type
-      if (typeCWE && obj._notOnList && obj._displayText) {
-        // return a string value
-        objReturn = obj._displayText;
-      }
-      else {
-        for (var field in obj) {
-          if (!field.match(/^[_\$]/)) {
-            objReturn[field] = obj[field];
-          }
-        }
-      }
-      return objReturn;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Process value where it is an object or an array of objects
-     * @param value the captured value
-     * @param typeCWE optional, a flag indicates the item type is CWE, where data is
-     * handled by autocomplete-lhc or radio buttons/checkboxes. default is false
-     * @returns {*}
-     * @private
-     */
-    _getObjectValue: function(value, typeCWE) {
-      var retValue =null;
-      if (value) {
-        // an array
-        if (Array.isArray(value)) {
-          var answers = [];
-          for (var j = 0, jLen = value.length; j < jLen; j++) {
-            if (angular.isObject(value[j])) {
-              answers.push(this._filterInternalData(value[j], typeCWE));
-            }
-            // for primitive data type (multiple values not supported yet)
-            //else {
-            //  answers.push(value[j]);
-            //}
-          }
-          retValue = answers;
-        }
-        // an object
-        else if (angular.isObject(value)) {
-          retValue = this._filterInternalData(value, typeCWE);
-        }
-      }
-      return retValue;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Special handling for user input values, to get the original answer or unit object if there is one
-     * @param value the data object of the selected answer
-     * @param dataType optional, the data type of the value
-     * @private
-     */
-    _getOriginalValue: function(value, dataType) {
-      var retValue;
-      if (value !== undefined && value !== null) {
-        // has a data type
-        if (dataType) {
-          switch (dataType) {
-            case this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.INT:
-              retValue = parseInt(value);
-              break;
-            case this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.REAL:
-            case this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.QTY:
-              retValue = parseFloat(value);
-              break;
-            case this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.DT:
-              retValue = LForms.Util.dateToDTStringISO(value);
-              break;
-            case this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.DTM:
-              retValue = LForms.Util.dateToDTMString(value);
-              break;
-            case this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.CNE:
-              retValue = this._getObjectValue(value);
-              break;
-            case this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.CWE:
-              // for CWE, it should handle the case where 'OTHER' is selected
-              retValue = this._getObjectValue(value, true);
-              break;
-            case this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.BL:
-              retValue = value ? true : false;
-              break;
-            default:
-              retValue = value;
-          }
-        }
-        // it is for units when there is no dataType
-        else {
-          retValue = this._getObjectValue(value);
-        }
-      }
-      return retValue;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Get the max _id of the repeating item on the same level
-     * @param item an item
-     * @returns {number}
-     */
-    getRepeatingItemMaxId: function(item) {
-      var maxId = item._id;
-      if (item._parentItem && Array.isArray(item._parentItem.items)) {
-        for (var i= 0, iLen=item._parentItem.items.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-          if (item._parentItem.items[i].linkId === item.linkId &&
-            item._parentItem.items[i]._id > maxId ) {
-            maxId = item._parentItem.items[i]._id;
-          }
-        }
-      }
-      return maxId;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Get the count of the repeating item on the same level
-     * @param item an item
-     * @returns {number}
-     */
-    getRepeatingItemCount: function(item) {
-      var count = 0;
-      if (item._parentItem && Array.isArray(item._parentItem.items)) {
-        for (var i= 0, iLen=item._parentItem.items.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-          if (item._parentItem.items[i].linkId === item.linkId) {
-            count++;
-          }
-        }
-      }
-      return count;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Update the last repeating item status on each item
-     * @param items sibling items on one level of the tree
-     * @private
-     */
-    _updateLastRepeatingItemsStatus: function(items) {
-      if(!items || items.length === 0) {
-        // Nothing to update. This allows to run the constructor on forms
-        // with empty items, something FHIR Questionnaire supports.
-        return;
-      }
-
-      var iLen = items.length;
-      var prevLinkId = '';
-      // process all items in the array except the last one
-      for (var i=0; i<iLen; i++) {
-        var item = items[i];
-        if (prevLinkId !== '') {
-          // it's a different item, and
-          // previous item is a repeating item, set the flag as the last in the repeating set
-          items[i - 1]._lastRepeatingItem = !!(prevLinkId !== item.linkId && items[i - 1]._questionRepeatable);
-        }
-        prevLinkId = item.linkId;
-        // check sub levels
-        if (item.items && item.items.length > 0) {
-          this._updateLastRepeatingItemsStatus(item.items);
-        }
-      }
-      // the last item in the array
-      items[iLen - 1]._lastRepeatingItem = !!items[iLen - 1]._questionRepeatable;
-      // check sub levels
-      if (items[iLen-1].items && items[iLen-1].items.length > 0) {
-        this._updateLastRepeatingItemsStatus(items[iLen-1].items);
-      }
-
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Get the last item that will be displayed in a repeating section
-     * @param item an item
-     * @returns {*}
-     * @private
-     */
-    _getLastSubItem: function(item) {
-      var retItem = item;
-      if (item && Array.isArray(item.items) && item.items.length > 0) {
-
-        var lastItem, i = item.items.length, found = false;
-        // found the last item that is not hidden
-        do {
-          lastItem = item.items[--i];
-          if (lastItem._skipLogicStatus !== this._CONSTANTS.SKIP_LOGIC.STATUS_DISABLED) {
-            found = true;
-          }
-        }
-        while(!found);
-
-        if (found) {
-          retItem = this._getLastSubItem(lastItem);
-        }
-      }
-      return retItem;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Set up the internal data for handling the horizontal table
-     * Note:
-     * 1) "questionLayout" values 'horizontal','vertical' and 'matrix' are only set on items whose "header" is true
-     * 2) any items within a 'horizontal' table must be a leaf node. i.e. it cannot contain any sub items.
-     * 3) all items within a 'horizontal' table has it's "_inHorizontalTable" set to true.
-     * 4) _repeatableItems is reused for adding a repeating row in a horizontal table. but the header item will not be added.
-     * i.e. the table should not have more than one table title
-     *
-     * _horizontalTableInfo structure:
-     * _horizontalTableInfo: {
-     *    headerItem._horizontalTableId : {
-     *      tableStartIndex: firstItemIndex (=== firstHeaderItemIndex === h1),
-     *      tableEndIndex:   lastItemIndex,
-     *      columnHeaders:   [ { label: item._text, id: 'col' + item._elementId, displayControl: item.displayControl },
-     *                       ...],
-     *      tableHeaders:    [headerItem1, headerItem2, ...]
-     *      tableRows:       [{ header: headerItem1, cells : [rowItem11, rowItem12,...]},
-     *                        { header: headerItem2, cells : [rowItem21, rowItem22,...]},
-     *                       ... ],
-     *      lastHeaderId:    lastHeaderId
-     *    }
-     *  }
-     * @private
-     */
-    _resetHorizontalTableInfo: function() {
-
-      this._horizontalTableInfo = {};
-
-      var tableHeaderLinkIdAndParentIdPath = null;
-      var lastHeaderId = null;
-
-      for (var i= 0, iLen=this.itemList.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-        var item = this.itemList[i];
-        // header item and horizontal layout
-        if (item.header && item.displayControl && item.displayControl.questionLayout == "horizontal" ) {
-          // same methods for repeating items could be used for repeating and non-repeating items.
-          // (need to rename function names in those 'repeatable' functions.)
-          var itemsInRow = [];
-          var columnHeaders = [];
-          item._inHorizontalTable = true;
-          var itemLinkIdAndParentIdPath = item.linkId + item._parentItem._idPath; // item._codePath + item._parentItem._idPath;
-          lastHeaderId = item._elementId;
-          // if it's the first row (header) of the first table,
-          if (tableHeaderLinkIdAndParentIdPath === null ||
-            tableHeaderLinkIdAndParentIdPath !== itemLinkIdAndParentIdPath) {
-            // indicate this item is the table header
-            tableHeaderLinkIdAndParentIdPath = itemLinkIdAndParentIdPath;
-            item._horizontalTableHeader = true;
-            item._horizontalTableId = tableHeaderLinkIdAndParentIdPath;
-
-            itemsInRow = item.items;
-            for (var j= 0, jLen=itemsInRow.length; j<jLen; j++) {
-              var itemInRow = itemsInRow[j];
-              columnHeaders.push({item: itemInRow, id: "col" + itemInRow._elementId, displayControl: itemInRow.displayControl});
-              // indicate the item is in a horizontal table
-              itemsInRow[j]._inHorizontalTable = true;
-            }
-
-            this._horizontalTableInfo[tableHeaderLinkIdAndParentIdPath] = {
-              tableStartIndex: i,
-              tableEndIndex: i+itemsInRow.length,
-              columnHeaders: columnHeaders,
-              tableRows: [{ header: item, cells : itemsInRow }],
-              tableHeaders: [item]
-            };
-
-            // set the last table/row in horizontal group/table flag
-            this._horizontalTableInfo[tableHeaderLinkIdAndParentIdPath]['lastHeaderId'] = lastHeaderId;
-          }
-          // if it's the following rows, update the tableRows and tableEndIndex
-          else if (tableHeaderLinkIdAndParentIdPath === itemLinkIdAndParentIdPath ) {
-            item._horizontalTableHeader = false;
-            itemsInRow = item.items;
-            for (var j= 0, jLen=itemsInRow.length; j<jLen; j++) {
-              // indicate the item is in a horizontal table
-              itemsInRow[j]._inHorizontalTable = true;
-            }
-            // update rows index
-            this._horizontalTableInfo[tableHeaderLinkIdAndParentIdPath].tableRows.push({header: item, cells : itemsInRow});
-            // update headers index (hidden)
-            this._horizontalTableInfo[tableHeaderLinkIdAndParentIdPath].tableHeaders.push(item);
-            // update last item index in the table
-            this._horizontalTableInfo[tableHeaderLinkIdAndParentIdPath].tableEndIndex = i + itemsInRow.length;
-            // set the last table/row in horizontal group/table flag
-            this._horizontalTableInfo[tableHeaderLinkIdAndParentIdPath]['lastHeaderId'] = lastHeaderId;
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Adjust the last sibling list for the first header item of horizontal tables
-     * @private
-     */
-    _adjustLastSiblingListForHorizontalLayout: function() {
-      var horizontalTables = this._horizontalTableInfo;
-
-      for (var tableId in horizontalTables) {
-        var tableHeaders = horizontalTables[tableId].tableHeaders;
-        if (tableHeaders.length > 1) {
-          // Pass the last header's last sibling status to the first header,
-          // which is used for controlling the tree lines of the horizontal table.
-          var firstTableHeader = tableHeaders[0];
-          var lastTableHeader = tableHeaders[tableHeaders.length -1];
-          firstTableHeader._lastSibling = lastTableHeader._lastSibling;
-          ////firstTableHeader._lastSiblingList = lastTableHeader._lastSiblingList;
-        }
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Add a repeating item or a repeating section after the specified item
-     * and update form status
-     * @param item a repeating item or a repeating group item
-     * @returns the newly added item or a header item of the newly added section
-     */
-    addRepeatingItems: function(item) {
-
-      var maxRecId = this.getRepeatingItemMaxId(item);
-      var newItem = angular.copy(this._repeatableItems[item.linkId]);
-      newItem._id = maxRecId + 1;
-
-      if (item._parentItem && Array.isArray(item._parentItem.items)) {
-        var insertPosition = 0;
-        for (var i= 0, iLen=item._parentItem.items.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-          if (item._parentItem.items[i].linkId === item.linkId &&
-            item._parentItem.items[i]._id === item._id) {
-            insertPosition = i;
-            break;
-          }
-        }
-        item._parentItem.items.splice(insertPosition + 1, 0, newItem);
-        newItem._parentItem = item._parentItem;
-
-        // preset the skip logic status to target-disabled on the new items
-        this._presetSkipLogicStatus(newItem, false);
-      }
-
-      this._resetInternalData();
-
-      var readerMsg = 'Added ' + this.itemDescription(item);
-      this._actionLogs.push(readerMsg);
-
-      return newItem;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Add a repeating item or a repeating section at the end of the repeating group
-     * and update form status
-     * @param item a repeating item or a repeating group item
-     * @returns the newly added item or a header item of the newly added section
-     */
-    appendRepeatingItems: function(item) {
-
-      var maxRecId = this.getRepeatingItemMaxId(item);
-      var newItem = angular.copy(this._repeatableItems[item.linkId]);
-      newItem._id = maxRecId + 1;
-
-      if (item._parentItem && Array.isArray(item._parentItem.items)) {
-        var insertPosition = 0;
-        var inRepeating = false;
-        for (var i= 0, iLen=item._parentItem.items.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-          if (item._parentItem.items[i].linkId === item.linkId) {
-            inRepeating = true;
-          }
-          if (inRepeating && item._parentItem.items[i].linkId !== item.linkId) {
-            insertPosition = i;
-            break;
-          }
-        }
-        // until the last item
-        if (inRepeating && i===iLen) {
-          insertPosition = i;
-        }
-
-        item._parentItem.items.splice(insertPosition, 0, newItem);
-        newItem._parentItem = item._parentItem;
-
-        // preset the skip logic status to target-disabled on the new items
-        this._presetSkipLogicStatus(newItem, false);
-      }
-
-      this._resetInternalData();
-
-      var readerMsg = 'Added ' + this.itemDescription(item);
-      this._actionLogs.push(readerMsg);
-
-      return newItem;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Check if any of the repeating item or group has no user input values.
-     * @param item a repeating item or a repeating group item
-     * @returns {boolean}
-     */
-    areAnyRepeatingItemsEmpty: function(item) {
-      var anyEmpty = false;
-      var repeatingItems = this._getRepeatingItems(item);
-      for(var i=0, iLen=repeatingItems.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-        // reset the message flag
-        repeatingItems[i]._showUnusedItemWarning = false;
-        // check if there is no user input for this item/section
-        var empty = this._isRepeatingItemEmpty(repeatingItems[i]);
-        if (empty) anyEmpty = true;
-      }
-      if (anyEmpty) {
-        // set the flag to show the warning about unused repeating items
-        item._showUnusedItemWarning = true;
-      }
-      return anyEmpty;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Check if a repeating item has no user input value or
-     * all items within a repeating group item have no user input values
-     * @param item a repeating item or a repeating group item
-     * @returns {boolean}
-     */
-    _isRepeatingItemEmpty: function(item) {
-
-      var isEmpty = true;
-      //if it is not hidden
-      if (item._skipLogicStatus !== this._CONSTANTS.SKIP_LOGIC.STATUS_DISABLED) {
-        // multiple selection answer list (array is also an object)
-        if (angular.isArray(item.value) && item.value.length > 0) {
-          var notEmpty = false;
-          for(var i= 0, iLen=item.value.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-            if (item.value[i].text)
-            notEmpty = item.value[i].text !== undefined && item.value[i].text !== null && item.value[i].text !=="";
-            if (notEmpty) break;
-          }
-          isEmpty = !notEmpty;
-        }
-        // single selection answer list
-        else if (angular.isObject(item.value)) {
-          // An attachment should have either either value.data or value.url,
-          var v = item.value;
-          isEmpty = (v.data == undefined || v.data == null) && !v.url && // attachment
-            !v.text; // !v.text means !(undefined or null or "")
-        }
-        // simple type
-        else if (item.value !== undefined && item.value !== null && item.value !=="") {
-          isEmpty = false;
-        }
-        // check sub items
-        if (isEmpty && item.items) {
-          for (var j= 0, jLen = item.items.length; j<jLen; j++) {
-            isEmpty = this._isRepeatingItemEmpty(item.items[j]);
-            if (!isEmpty) break;
-          }
-        }
-      }
-      return isEmpty;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Get a list of repeating items that the current item belongs to.
-     * @param item the current item
-     * @returns {Array}
-     * @private
-     */
-    _getRepeatingItems: function(item) {
-      var repeatingItems = [];
-      if (item._questionRepeatable && item._parentItem && Array.isArray(item._parentItem.items)) {
-        var items = item._parentItem.items;
-        for (var i = 0, iLen = items.length; i < iLen; i++) {
-          if (items[i].linkId === item.linkId) {
-            repeatingItems.push(items[i]);
-          }
-        }
-      }
-      return repeatingItems;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Get the sibling repeating item that is before the current item
-     * @param item the current item
-     * @returns {*} the previous item or null
-     */
-    getPrevRepeatingItem: function(item) {
-      var repeatingItems = this._getRepeatingItems(item);
-      var elementIDs = repeatingItems.map(function(it) {return it._elementId});
-      var posIndex = elementIDs.indexOf(item._elementId);
-      // return null if there is no items before this one
-      return posIndex >0 ? repeatingItems[posIndex - 1] : null;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Get the sibling repeating item that is after the current item
-     * @param item the current item
-     * @returns {*} the next item or null
-     */
-    getNextRepeatingItem: function(item) {
-      var repeatingItems = this._getRepeatingItems(item);
-      var elementIDs = repeatingItems.map(function(it) {return it._elementId});
-      var posIndex = elementIDs.indexOf(item._elementId);
-      // return null if there is no items after this one
-      return posIndex < repeatingItems.length -1 ? repeatingItems[posIndex + 1] : null;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Get the sibling repeating item that is the first one
-     * @param item the current item
-     * @returns {*} the first item
-     */
-    getFirstRepeatingItem: function(item) {
-      var repeatingItems = this._getRepeatingItems(item);
-      // always return the first one
-      return repeatingItems[0];
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Get the sibling repeating item that is the last one
-     * @param item the current item
-     * @returns {*} the last item
-     */
-    getLastRepeatingItem: function(item) {
-      var repeatingItems = this._getRepeatingItems(item);
-      // always return the last one
-      return repeatingItems[repeatingItems.length - 1];
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Remove a repeating item or a repeating section and update form status
-     * @param item an item
-     */
-    removeRepeatingItems: function(item) {
-
-      if (item._parentItem && Array.isArray(item._parentItem.items)) {
-        for (var i = 0, iLen = item._parentItem.items.length; i < iLen; i++) {
-          if (item._parentItem.items[i].linkId == item.linkId &&
-            item._parentItem.items[i]._id == item._id) {
-            item._parentItem.items.splice(i, 1);
-            break;
-          }
-        }
-      }
-
-      this._resetInternalData();
-      var readerMsg = 'Removed ' + this.itemDescription(item);
-      this._actionLogs.push(readerMsg);
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     *  Returns the description of an item (section/question/row).
-     * @param item the item whose type is needed
-     */
-    itemDescription: function(item) {
-      return item._inHorizontalTable ?  'row' : item.header? 'section' : 'question';
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Get the scores from source items
-     * @param item the target item where the score rule is defined
-     * @param formula the score rule formula
-     * @returns {Array}
-     * @private
-     */
-    _getScores: function(item, formula) {
-      var scores = [];
-      var sourceItems = this._getFormulaSourceItems(item, formula.value);
-
-      for (var i= 0, iLen= sourceItems.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-        var item = sourceItems[i];
-        var score = 0;
-        if (item && item.value && item.value.score &&
-            item._skipLogicStatus !== this._CONSTANTS.SKIP_LOGIC.STATUS_DISABLED) {
-          score = item.value.score
-        }
-        scores.push(score);
-      }
-      return scores;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Get a source item from the question code defined in a score rule
-     * @param item the target item where a formula is defined
-     * @param linkIds the linkIds of source items
-     * @returns {Array}
-     * @private
-     */
-    _getFormulaSourceItems: function(item, linkIds) {
-      var sourceItems = [];
-      for (var i= 0, iLen=linkIds.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-        var linkId = linkIds[i];
-
-        var sourceItem = this._findItemByLinkId(item, linkId);
-        sourceItems.push(sourceItem);
-      }
-      return sourceItems;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Convert an item's value in its selected unit to the value in standard unit used for calculation
-     * @param item an item
-     * @param formula the formula defined on the item
-     * @returns {Array}
-     * @private
-     */
-    _getValuesInStandardUnit : function(item, formula) {
-      var values = [];
-      var sourceItems = this._getFormulaSourceItems(item, formula.value);
-
-      for (var i= 0, iLen= sourceItems.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-        var valueInStandardUnit = '';
-        var item = sourceItems[i];
-        if (item.value && item._skipLogicStatus !== this._CONSTANTS.SKIP_LOGIC.STATUS_DISABLED) {
-          if (item.unit && item.unit.name) {
-            valueInStandardUnit = this.Units.getValueInStandardUnit(parseFloat(item.value), item.unit.name);
-          }
-          else {
-            valueInStandardUnit = parseFloat(item.value);
-          }
-        }
-        values.push(valueInStandardUnit);
-      }
-      return values;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Run the formula on the item and get the result
-     * @param item an item
-     * @returns {string}
-     */
-    getFormulaResult: function(item) {
-      var result ='';
-      var parameterValues = [];
-      if (item.calculationMethod) {
-        var formula = item.calculationMethod;
-        // run score rule (there should be one score rule only in a form)
-        if (formula.name === this._CONSTANTS.CALCULATION_METHOD.TOTALSCORE) {
-          parameterValues = this._getScores(item, formula);
-        }
-        // run non-score rules
-        else {
-          // find the sources and target
-          parameterValues = this._getValuesInStandardUnit(item,formula);
-        }
-        // calculate the formula result
-        result = this.Formulas.calculations_[formula.name](parameterValues)
-      }
-      return result;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Update data by running the formula on the target item
-     * @param item the target item where there is a formula
-     */
-    _processItemFormula: function(item) {
-      if (item.calculationMethod && item.calculationMethod.name) {
-        item.value = this.getFormulaResult(item);
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Update data by running the data control on the target item
-     * @param item the target item where there is a data control
-     */
-    _processItemDataControl: function(item) {
-      if (item.dataControl && angular.isArray(item.dataControl)) {
-        this._updateDataByDataControl(item);
-        // Force a reset of answers
-        this._updateAutocompOptions(item, true);
-        this._updateUnitAutocompOptions(item);
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Create a data object based on the value in dataFormat
-     * @param dataFormat a string specifies how and where to get the data
-     * @param sourceItem the source item, which is the data source
-     * @returns {{}}
-     * @private
-     */
-    _constructObjectByDataFormat: function(dataFormat, sourceItem) {
-      var targetData = {};
-      if (angular.isObject(dataFormat)) {
-        var keys = Object.keys(dataFormat);
-        for (var i= 0, iLen=keys.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-          targetData[keys[i]] = this._getDataFromNestedAttributes(dataFormat[keys[i]], sourceItem);
-        }
-      }
-      return targetData;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Create a data array based on the value in dataFormat
-     * @param dataFormat a string specifies how and where to get the data
-     * @param sourceItem the source item, which is the data source
-     * @returns {Array}
-     * @private
-     */
-    _constructArrayByDataFormat: function(dataFormat, sourceItem) {
-
-      var targetData = [], abort = false;
-      if (angular.isObject(dataFormat)) {
-        var keys = Object.keys(dataFormat);
-        var listByKeys = {}, iLen=keys.length;
-        var listLength = -1;
-        for (var i= 0; i<iLen; i++) {
-          var list = listByKeys[keys[i]] = this._getDataFromNestedAttributes(dataFormat[keys[i]], sourceItem);
-          // abort if any data returned is not an array
-          if (!Array.isArray(list)) {
-            abort = true;
-            break;
-          }
-          else if (listLength === -1) {
-            listLength = list.length;
-          }
-          // abort if any returned array has a different length
-          else if (listLength !== list.length) {
-            abort = true;
-            break;
-          }
-        }
-
-        if(!abort) {
-          for (var j=0; j<listLength; j++) {
-            var elementData = {};
-            for (var i= 0; i<iLen; i++) {
-              elementData[keys[i]] = listByKeys[keys[i]][j];
-            }
-            targetData.push(elementData);
-          }
-        }
-      }
-      return targetData;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Update the data on the item by running through the data control functions defined on this item.
-     * @param item an item in the form
-     * @private
-     */
-    _updateDataByDataControl: function(item) {
-
-      for (var i= 0, iLen=item.dataControl.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-        var source = item.dataControl[i].source,
-            onAttribute = item.dataControl[i].onAttribute,
-            constructionType = item.dataControl[i].construction,
-            dataFormat = item.dataControl[i].dataFormat;
-
-        // the default target attribute where the data is set is "value"
-        if (!onAttribute)
-          onAttribute = "value";
-        // the default construction type is "SIMPLE"
-        if (!constructionType)
-          constructionType = this._CONSTANTS.DATA_CONTROL.CONSTRUCTION_SIMPLE;
-        // the default source data field is "value"
-        if (!dataFormat)
-          dataFormat = "value";
-
-        // has a source configuration
-        if (source) {
-          var sourceType = source.sourceType;
-          // the default source type is "INTERNAL", which uses "sourceLinkId" to locate the source item
-          if (!sourceType)
-            sourceType = this._CONSTANTS.DATA_CONTROL.SOURCE_INTERNAL;
-          // "INTERNAL"
-          if (sourceType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_CONTROL.SOURCE_INTERNAL &&
-              source.sourceLinkId) {
-            // get the source item object
-            var sourceItem = this._findItemByLinkId(item, source.sourceLinkId);
-            if (sourceItem && sourceItem._skipLogicStatus !== this._CONSTANTS.SKIP_LOGIC.STATUS_DISABLED) {
-              // check how to create the new data on target
-              if (constructionType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_CONTROL.CONSTRUCTION_ARRAY ) {
-                var newData = this._constructArrayByDataFormat(dataFormat, sourceItem);
-                // set the data
-                item[onAttribute] = angular.copy(newData);
-              }
-              else if (constructionType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_CONTROL.CONSTRUCTION_OBJECT ) {
-                var newData = this._constructObjectByDataFormat(dataFormat, sourceItem);
-                // set the data
-                item[onAttribute] = angular.copy(newData);
-              }
-              else if (constructionType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_CONTROL.CONSTRUCTION_SIMPLE) {
-                // direct access to the data in source item
-                var newData = this._getDataFromNestedAttributes(dataFormat, sourceItem);
-                item[onAttribute] = angular.copy(newData);
-              }
-            }
-          }
-          // "EXTERNAL" uses "url" and optional "urlOptions" (an array), TBD
-        } // end if source
-      } // end of the loop of the data control
-    },
-
-
-    ///**
-    // * *** working, not used at this moment. ***  not reviewed.
-    // * Create the complete URL with addition parameters and data from source item
-    // * @param item the item where the data is to be set
-    // * @param source the source options
-    // * @param onAttribute the attribute on the item where the data is to be set
-    // * @returns {{}}
-    // * @private
-    // */
-    //_getQueryURL: function(item, source, onAttribute) {
-    //  var queryObj = {};
-    //  if (source.sourceType === 'external' && source.url) {
-    //    var url = source.url;
-    //    // it has urlOptions
-    //    if (source.urlOptions) {
-    //      var sourceItem = this._findItemsUpwardsAlongAncestorTree(item, source.itemCode);
-    //      if (sourceItem) {
-    //        for(var i= 0, iLen=source.urlOptions.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-    //          var options = source.urlOptions[i];
-    //          var paramData = this._getDataFromNestedAttributes(options.data, sourceItem);
-    //          url += '&' + options.parameter + '=' + paramData;
-    //        }
-    //      }
-    //    }
-    //    queryObj.url = url;
-    //    queryObj.onAttribute = onAttribute;
-    //    queryObj.targetItem = item;
-    //  }
-    //  return queryObj;
-    //},
-
-
-    /**
-     * Get data from a source item object following the nested attribute path
-     * Examples:
-     * sourceItem: {value: [ {attr1: 'v1', attr2: 'v2'}, {attr1: 'va', attr2: 'vb'}] }
-     * strQuery:   value[1].attr1 ===> 'va'
-     * sourceItem: [{value: [ {attr1: 'v1', attr2: 'v2'}, {attr1: 'va', attr2: 'vb'}] }, {}]
-     * strQuery:   [0].value[0].attr1 ===> 'v1'
-     * @param strQuery a query path, such as "attr[index].subattr.subsubattr"
-     *        where attr is an array, subattr and subsubattr are objects.
-     * @param sourceItem a source item object.
-     *        Note: While "." is allowed in the attribute names of javascript object,
-     *        here we assume "." is not used in the names of the item's attributes.
-     * @returns {*}
-     * @private
-     */
-    _getDataFromNestedAttributes: function(strQuery, sourceItem) {
-
-      var levels = strQuery.trim().split('.');
-      var dataSource = sourceItem, iLen = levels.length;
-
-      for (var i = 0; i<iLen; i++) {
-        if (dataSource) {
-          var query = levels[i];
-          // query not empty
-          if (query) {
-            // if it points to an item in an array, such as answers[1]
-            var elementInArray = query.match(/^(.+)\[(\d+)\]$/);
-            if(elementInArray) {
-              var dataSource = dataSource[elementInArray[1]];
-              var index =  parseInt(elementInArray[2]);
-              if (Number.isInteger(index)) {
-                dataSource = dataSource[index];
-              }
-              // stop if the index found is not an integer
-              else {
-                break;
-              }
-            }
-            // if it points to an attribute
-            else {
-              dataSource = dataSource[query];
-            }
-          }
-          // stop if the query is empty
-          else {
-            break;
-          }
-        }
-        // stop if data is not found in the middle
-        else {
-          break;
-        }
-      }
-      // data is valid AND all the parts of the query path are checked
-      return (i === iLen && dataSource) ? dataSource : null;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Set up autocomplete options for each item
-     * @param items a list items of the form or in the templateOptions.
-     */
-    _setUpAnswerAndUnitAutoComp: function(items) {
-      for (var i=0, iLen=items.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-        var item = items[i];
-        if (item.dataType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.CWE ||
-            item.dataType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.CNE) {
-          this._updateAutocompOptions(item);
-        }
-        this._updateUnitAutocompOptions(item);
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     *  Sets the display string for an item's unit.
-     * @param unit the unit object on which the display string should be set.
-     */
-    _setUnitDisplay: function(unit) {
-      unit._displayUnit = unit.name ? unit.name : unit.code ? unit.code : null;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Update an item's units autocomplete options
-     * @param item an item on the form
-     * @private
-     */
-    _updateUnitAutocompOptions: function(item) {
-      if (item.units && item.dataType !== this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.CNE &&
-          item.dataType !== this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.CWE) {
-        // add _displayUnit for item.unit if there is a value
-        if (item.unit) {
-          this._setUnitDisplay(item.unit);
-        }
-
-        // clean up unit autocomp options
-        item._unitAutocompOptions = null;
-
-        var listItems = [], answers = item.units;
-        // Modify the label for each unit.
-        var defaultValue, defaultUnit;
-        for (var i= 0, iLen = answers.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-          var listItem = angular.copy(answers[i]);
-          this._setUnitDisplay(listItem);
-          if (answers[i].default) {
-            defaultUnit = listItem;
-            defaultValue = listItem._displayUnit;
-          }
-          // Include only if name or code is specified.
-          if(listItem._displayUnit) {
-            listItems.push(listItem);
-          }
-        }
-
-        if (item.dataType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.INT ||
-            item.dataType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.REAL) {
-          // Per FHIR, if the item is of type integer or decimal, it can only have
-          // one unit, and that unit is not editable.
-          // However, this breaks our existing LOINC form definitions, so just
-          // output a warning and convert the type..
-          if (item.units && item.units.length > 1) {
-            console.log('Form definition warning: Data types of INT or REAL may '+
-              'only have one unit.  Question "'+ item.question+
-              '" has '+item.units.length+' units.  For multiple '+
-              'units, use type QTY instead.');
-            item.dataType = this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.QTY;
-          }
-          else { // we didn't change dateType to QTY
-            item._unitReadonly = true;
-            if (!item.unit)
-              item.unit = listItems[0];
-          }
-        }
-
-        if (item.dataType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.QTY) {
-          var options = {
-            listItems: listItems,
-            matchListValue: true,
-            autoFill: true,
-            display: "_displayUnit"
-          };
-          if (defaultValue !== undefined) {
-            options.defaultValue = defaultValue;
-          }
-          else if (listItems.length === 1) {
-            options.defaultValue = listItems[0]._displayUnit;
-          }
-
-          item._unitAutocompOptions = options;
-        }
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Initializes (if not already done) item._modifiedAnswers.
-     * Also sets item._hasOneAnswerLabel
-     * @param item the item for which labeled answers should be created.
-     * @param forceReset always reset item._modifiedAnswers
-     */
-    _setModifiedAnswers: function(item, forceReset) {
-
-      if (item.dataType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.CNE ||
-          item.dataType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.CWE) {
-        // initial setting or a reset triggered by Data Control
-        if (!item._modifiedAnswers || forceReset) {
-          var answers = [];
-
-          // 'answers' might be null even for CWE
-          // need to recheck answers in case its value has been changed by data control
-          if (Array.isArray(item.answers))
-            answers = item.answers;
-          else if (item._answerValueSetKey) {
-            var vsAnswers = LForms._valueSetAnswerCache[item._answerValueSetKey];
-            if (vsAnswers)
-              answers = vsAnswers;
-          }
-
-          // reset the modified answers (for the display text)
-          item._modifiedAnswers = [];
-          item._hasOneAnswerLabel = false;
-          item._hasOneNumericAnswer = false;
-          for (var i = 0, iLen = answers.length; i < iLen; i++) {
-            var answerData = angular.copy(answers[i]);
-
-            var displayText = answerData.text;
-            // label is a string
-            if (answerData.label) {
-              displayText = answerData.label + ". " + displayText;
-              item._hasOneAnswerLabel = true;
-            }
-            // check if one of the values is numeric
-            else {
-              if (!item._hasOneNumericAnswer && !isNaN(answerData.text)) {
-                item._hasOneNumericAnswer = true;
-              }
-            }
-
-            if (answerData.score !== undefined && answerData.score !== null) // score is an int
-              displayText = displayText + " - " + answerData.score;
-            // always uses _displayText in autocomplete-lhc for display
-            answerData._displayText = displayText;
-            item._modifiedAnswers.push(answerData);
-          }
-        }
-      }
-      // data type has been changed (by Data Control)
-      else if(forceReset) {
-        delete item._modifiedAnswers;
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Reset item.value with modified answers if the item has a value (or an array of values)
-     * @param item the item for which it has an item.value or item.defaultAnswers
-     * @private
-     */
-    _resetItemValueWithModifiedAnswers: function(item) {
-
-      if (item._modifiedAnswers) {
-        // default answer and item.value could be a string value, if it is a not-on-list value for CWE types
-        var modifiedValue = null;
-        // item.value has the priority over item.defaultAnswer
-        // if this is a saved form with user data, default answers are not to be used.
-        var answerValue = this.hasSavedData ? item.value : item.value || item.defaultAnswer;
-        if (answerValue) {
-          modifiedValue = [];
-          // could be an array of multiple default values or a single value
-          var answerValueArray = (item._multipleAnswers && Array.isArray(answerValue)) ?
-              answerValue : [answerValue];
-          if (item.dataType !== 'CWE') {
-            modifiedValue = answerValueArray;
-          }
-          else {
-            // go through each value, there could be multiple not-on-list values
-            for (var i=0, iLen=answerValueArray.length; i < iLen; ++i) {
-              // string value is allowed only if it is CWE
-              if (typeof answerValueArray[i] === "string" || typeof answerValueArray[i] === "number") {
-                modifiedValue.push({
-                  "text": answerValueArray[i],
-                  "_displayText": answerValueArray[i],
-                  "_notOnList" : true});
-                // for radio button/checkbox display, where only one "Other" option is displayed
-                item._answerOther = answerValueArray[i];
-                item._otherValueChecked = true;
-              }
-              else {
-                modifiedValue.push(answerValueArray[i]);
-              }
-            }
-          }
-        }
-
-        if (modifiedValue) {
-          var listVals = [];
-          for (var k=0, kLen=modifiedValue.length; k<kLen; ++k) {
-            var userValue = modifiedValue[k];
-            var found = false;
-            // for search field, assume the user values are valid answers
-            if (item.externallyDefined) {
-              listVals = modifiedValue;
-            }
-            // for item has a answer list
-            else {
-              for (var j=0, jLen=item._modifiedAnswers.length; !found && j<jLen; ++j) {
-                if (this._areTwoAnswersSame(userValue, item._modifiedAnswers[j], item)) {
-                  listVals.push(item._modifiedAnswers[j]);
-                  found = true;
-                }
-              }
-              // a saved value or a default value is not on the list (default answer must be one of the answer items).
-              // non-matching value objects are kept, (data control or others might use data on these objects)
-              if (userValue && !found) {
-                if (userValue.text) userValue._displayText = userValue.text;
-                listVals.push(userValue);
-              }
-            }
-          }
-          item.value = item._multipleAnswers ? listVals : listVals[0];
-        }
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Check if two answers can be treated as same
-     * @param answer an answer item that could have part of the attributes set
-     * @param completeAnswer an answer in the answer list that usually has more attributes set
-     * @param item the lforms item that has the completeAnswer in the answer list
-     * @private
-     */
-    _areTwoAnswersSame: function(answer, completeAnswer, item) {
-
-      var standardAnswerAttr = ['label', 'code', 'text', 'score', 'other'];
-      // answer in LForms might not have a codeSystem, check item.answerCodeSystem and form's codeSystem
-      var completeAnswerCodeSystem = completeAnswer.system ? completeAnswer.system :
-          LForms.Util.getCodeSystem(item.answerCodeSystem || this.codeSystem);
-
-      // check answers' attributes if they have the same code system
-      var same = false;
-      // if no code system or same code system
-      if (!answer.system && !completeAnswer.system ||
-          answer.system === completeAnswerCodeSystem) {
-        // check all fields in answer
-        same = true;
-        var fields = Object.keys(answer);
-        for (var i= 0, iLen=fields.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-          // not to check extra attributes not specified in specs.
-          if (standardAnswerAttr.indexOf(fields[i]) >= 0 && answer[fields[i]] !== completeAnswer[fields[i]]) {
-            same = false;
-            break;
-          }
-        }
-      }
-      return same;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     *  Uses the FHIR client to search the given ValueSet for the string
-     *  fieldVal.
-     * @param valueSetID the ID of the ValueSet to search (expand)
-     * @param fieldVal the value on which to filter the ValueSet
-     * @param count the maximum count to return
-     * @return a Promise that will resolve to the ValueSet expansion.
-     */
-    _fhirClientSearchByValueSetID: function(valueSetID, fieldVal, count) {
-      var fhirClient = LForms.fhirContext;
-      return fhirClient.request(this._buildURL(['ValueSet',valueSetID,'$expand'],
-        {count: count, filter: fieldVal}
-      ));
-    },
-
-    /**
-     *  An internal function for safely constructing a URL based on a path
-     *  segments and query parameters.
-     * @param pathParts An array of path segments (not including the protocol).
-     *  These will be URL-encoded.
-     * @param queryParams (optional) A object of key/value pairs (string values)
-     *  for the query part of the URL.  Values be URL-encoded.
-     */
-    _buildURL: function(pathParts, queryParams) {
-      // Would Use URL and URLSearchParams, except for the need to support IE11
-      // It looks like if we update babel, we could have a polyfill, but I don't
-      // want to revise the build configuration at the moment.
-      let url = pathParts.map(part=>encodeURIComponent(part)).join('/');
-      if (queryParams) {
-        // Assuming a single value per key, for now.
-        url += '?' + Object.keys(queryParams).map(
-          k=>k+'='+encodeURIComponent(queryParams[k])).join('&');
-      }
-      return url;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     *  This is an alternative search mechanism to work around a problem with
-     *  HAPI FHIR, which does not support $expand with both url and filter.
-     * @param item an item on the form
-     * @param fieldVal the value on which to filter the ValueSet
-     * @param count the maximum count to return
-     * @return a Promise that will resolve to the ValueSet expansion.
-     */
-    _findValueSetIDAndSearch: function(item, fieldVal, count) {
-      // Fetch the ValueSet
-      var failMsg = "Could not retrieve the ValueSet definition for "+
-            item.answerValueSet;
-      var fhirClient = LForms.fhirContext;
-      // Cache the lookup of ValueSet IDs, which should not change.  (A page
-      // reload will clear the cache.)
-      if (!LForms._valueSetUrlToID)
-        LForms._valueSetUrlToID = {}
-      var valueSetID =  LForms._valueSetUrlToID[item.answerValueSet];
-      if (valueSetID) {
-        return this._fhirClientSearchByValueSetID(valueSetID, fieldVal, count);
-      }
-      else {
-        var self = this;
-        return fhirClient.request(this._buildURL(['ValueSet'],
-           {url: item.answerValueSet, _total: 'accurate'})
-        ).then(function(response) {
-          var data = response;
-          if (data.total === 1) {
-            var valueSetID = data.entry[0].resource.id;
-            LForms._valueSetUrlToID[item.answerValueSet] = valueSetID;
-            return self._fhirClientSearchByValueSetID(valueSetID, fieldVal, count);
-          }
-          else {
-            console.log(failMsg);
-            return Promise.reject(failMsg);
-          }
-        },
-        function(errorData) {
-          console.log(failMsg);
-          return Promise.reject(failMsg);
-        });
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Update an item's autocomplete options
-     * @param item an item on the form
-     * @param forceReset force to reset _modifiedAnswers
-     * @private
-     */
-    _updateAutocompOptions: function(item, forceReset) {
-      // for list only
-      if (item.dataType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.CNE ||
-          item.dataType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.CWE) {
-
-        if (!item._modifiedAnswers || forceReset) {
-          this._setModifiedAnswers(item, forceReset);
-        }
-
-        var maxSelect = item.answerCardinality ? item.answerCardinality.max : 1;
-        if (maxSelect !== '*' && typeof maxSelect === 'string') {
-          maxSelect = parseInt(maxSelect);
-        }
-
-        var options = {
-          matchListValue: item.dataType === this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.CNE,
-          maxSelect: maxSelect
-        };
-
-        var url = item.externallyDefined;
-        if (url) {
-          options.url = url;
-          options.autocomp = true;
-          options.nonMatchSuggestions = false;
-          options.tableFormat = true;
-          options.valueCols = [0];
-          options.colHeaders = item.displayControl.listColHeaders;
-          if (options.colHeaders) {
-            var h = options.colHeaders;
-            // Escape HTML tags to prevent them from rendering
-            for (var i=0, len=h.length; i<len; ++i)
-              h[i] = h[i].replace(/</g, '&lt;');
-          }
-        }
-        else if (item.isSearchAutocomplete && item.answerValueSet) {
-          var valueSetUri = item.answerValueSet;
-          // See if there is a terminology server for expanding this valueset
-          var expURL = this._getFHIRSupport().SDC._getExpansionURL(item);
-          if (expURL) {  // undefined unless there is a terminology server
-            // TBD - We might need to log in to some terminology servers.  Not
-            // supporting that case yet.
-            // Skip the fhirContext, and go directly to the terminology server
-            // for the autocompletion requests.
-            options.url = expURL;
-            options.fhir = true;
-          }
-          else if (LForms.fhirContext) {
-            var self = this;
-            options.fhir = {search: function(fieldVal, count) {
-              if (LForms.fhirCapabilities.urlExpandBroken)
-                return self._findValueSetIDAndSearch(item, fieldVal, count);
-              else {
-                var fhirClient =  LForms.fhirContext;
-                return fhirClient.request(self._buildURL(['ValueSet/$expand'],
-                  {count: count, filter: fieldVal, url: item.answerValueSet}
-                )).catch((errorData) => {
-                  LForms.fhirCapabilities.urlExpandBroken = true;
-                  // HAPI does not support (maybe just because of a bug) $expand
-                  // when both "url" and "filter" parameters are present.  In that
-                  // case, it says, ""ValueSet contains include criteria with no
-                  // system defined".
-                  //if (errorData.data.responseJSON.issue[0].diagnostics ==
-                  //  'ValueSet contains include criteria with no system defined') {
-                  // For now, just always try the alternative.
-                  return self._findValueSetIDAndSearch(item, fieldVal, count);
-                });
-              }
-            }};
-          }
-          else {
-            throw new Error('Cannot properly initialize the list for field "'+
-              item.question+'" because it requires either a terminology '+
-              'server to be specified or LForms.Util.setFHIRContext(...) '+
-              'to have been called to provide access to a FHIR server.');
-          }
-        }
-        else {
-          options.listItems = item._modifiedAnswers;
-          // add seq num when there is no labels and no numeric values as answer
-          options.addSeqNum = !item._hasOneAnswerLabel && !item._hasOneNumericAnswer;
-          options.display = "_displayText";
-
-          // See if there are list headings, and set them up if so.
-          // The only way to determine this is to check whether parentAnswerCode
-          // is defined on any item.
-          // It would be more efficient to have a flag defined on the question
-          // level.
-          var answers = options.listItems;
-          var noHeadings = true;
-          for (i=0, len=answers.length; i<len && noHeadings; ++i)
-            noHeadings = !!answers[i].parentAnswerCode;
-          if (!noHeadings) {
-            var codes = [];
-            var itemToHeading = {}; // list item (answer) to heading
-            for (var i=0, len=answers.length; i<len; ++i) {
-              var ans = answers[i];
-              codes.push(ans.code);
-              if (ans.parentAnswerCode)
-                itemToHeading[ans.code] = ans.parentAnswerCode;
-            }
-            options.codes = codes;
-            options.itemToHeading = itemToHeading;
-          }
-
-          // If this is not a saved form with user data, and
-          // there isn't already a default value set (handled elsewhere), and
-          // there is just one item in the list, use that as the default value.
-          if (!this.hasSavedData && !options.defaultValue && options.listItems.length === 1)
-            options.defaultValue = options.listItems[0];
-        }
-        item._autocompOptions = options;
-      } // end of list
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Units modules
-     * Embedded in lforms-data.js. To be separated as a independent file.
-     */
-    Units: {
-      getValueInStandardUnit: function(value, unit) {
-        var result = value * this.units_[unit];
-        return result.toFixed(this.precision_);
-      },
-      getStandardUnit: function() {
-        // TBD when 'units_' is redesigned
-      },
-
-      precision_ : 4,
-      units_ : {
-        // 'WEIGHT', kg
-        'kg' : 1,
-        'kgs' : 1,
-        'kilograms' : 1,
-        'pounds' : 0.453592,
-        'lbs' : 0.453592,
-        // 'LENGTH', cm
-        'cm' : 1,
-        'cms' : 1,
-        'centimeters' : 1,
-        'feet' : 30.48,
-        'ft' : 30.48,
-        'inches' : 2.54,
-        '[in_i]' : 2.54,
-        'meters' : 100,
-        'ft-inches' : 2.54  // converted to inches first ???
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Formula modules
-     * Embedded in lforms-data.js. To be separated as a independent file.
-     */
-    Formulas: {
-      calculations_: {
-        precision_: 2,
-        // a sum of score values
-        'TOTALSCORE': function (sources) {
-          var totalScore = 0;
-          for (var i = 0, iLen = sources.length; i < iLen; i++) {
-            totalScore += parseFloat(sources[i]);
-          }
-          return totalScore;
-        },
-        // BMI = weight (kg) / [height (m)] * 2
-        // BMI = weight (lb) / [height (in)] * 2 x 703
-        'BMI': function (sources) {
-          var ret = '';
-          var weightInKg = parseFloat(sources[0]), heightInCm = parseFloat(sources[1]);
-          if (weightInKg && weightInKg != '' && heightInCm && heightInCm != '' && heightInCm != '0') {
-            ret = weightInKg / Math.pow((heightInCm / 100), 2);
-            ret = ret.toFixed(this.precision_);
-          }
-          return ret;
-
-        },
-
-        // BSA (m2) = SQR RT ( [Height(cm) x Weight(kg) ] / 3600 )
-        'BSA': function (sources) {
-          var ret = '';
-          var weightInKg = parseFloat(sources[0]), heightInCm = parseFloat(sources[1]);
-          if (weightInKg && weightInKg != '' && heightInCm && heightInCm != '') {
-            ret = Math.sqrt(heightInCm * weightInKg / 3600);
-            ret = ret.toFixed(this.precision_);
-          }
-          return ret;
-
-        }
-      }
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Check if a number is within a range.
-     * keys in a range are "minInclusive"/"minExclusive" and/or "maxInclusive"/"maxExclusive"
-     * range example: {"minInclusive": 3, "maxInclusive":10}
-     * @param range data range
-     * @param numValue an item's numeric value
-     * @returns {boolean}
-     * @private
-     */
-    _inRange: function(range, numValue) {
-      var inRange = false;
-
-      if (range && !isNaN(numValue)) {
-        var fields = Object.keys(range);
-        // one key
-        if (fields.length == 1) {
-          switch (fields[0]) {
-            case "minInclusive":
-              inRange = range["minInclusive"] <= numValue;
-              break;
-            case "minExclusive":
-              inRange = range["minExclusive"] < numValue;
-              break;
-            case "maxInclusive":
-              inRange = range["maxInclusive"] >= numValue;
-              break;
-            case "maxExclusive":
-              inRange = range["maxExclusive"] > numValue;
-              break;
-          } // end of switch
-        } // end of one key
-        // two keys
-        else if (fields.length == 2) {
-          // check the lower end
-          if (range.hasOwnProperty("minInclusive")) {
-            inRange = range["minInclusive"] <= numValue;
-          }
-          else if (range.hasOwnProperty("minExclusive")) {
-            inRange = range["minExclusive"] < numValue;
-          }
-          // check the upper end
-          if (inRange) {
-            if (range.hasOwnProperty("maxInclusive")) {
-              inRange = range["maxInclusive"] >= numValue;
-            }
-            else if (range.hasOwnProperty("maxExclusive")) {
-              inRange = range["maxExclusive"] > numValue;
-            }
-          } // end if lower end valid
-        } // end of two keys
-      } // end of valid range and numValue
-
-      return inRange;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Shallowly compares two JavaScript objects to see if their keys and values are equal.
-     * @param obj1
-     * @param obj2
-     * @returns {boolean}
-     * @private
-     */
-    _objectEqual: function(obj1, obj2) {
-      var ret = true;
-
-      // different type
-      if (typeof obj1 !== typeof obj2 ) {
-        ret = false;
-      }
-      // not object
-      else if (typeof obj1 !== "object") {
-        if (obj1 !== obj2) {
-          ret = false;
-        }
-      }
-      // object
-      else {
-        var keys1 = Object.keys(obj1);
-        var keys2 = Object.keys(obj2);
-        if (keys1.length !== keys2.length ) {
-          ret = false;
-        }
-        else {
-          // comparison from obj1 to obj2
-          for (var i= 0, iLen=keys1.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-            if (obj1[keys1[i]] !== obj2[keys1[i]]) {
-              ret = false;
-              break;
-            }
-          }
-          // comparison from obj2 to obj1
-          // is not necessary once the lengths have benn checked.
-        }
-      }
-      return ret;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Find an item by linkId. It follows the algorithm described here:
-     * https://www.hl7.org/fhir/questionnaire-definitions.html#Questionnaire.item.enableWhen.question
-     * If multiple question occurrences are present for the same question (same linkId),
-     * then this refers to the nearest question occurrence reachable by tracing first
-     * the "ancestor" axis and then the "preceding" axis and then the "following" axis.
-     * @param item an item where the search starts
-     * @param linkId a linkId
-     * @returns {null}
-     * @private
-     */
-    _findItemByLinkId: function(item, linkId) {
-      var sourceItem = null;
-
-      // check 'ancestor' axis
-      var parentItem = item._parentItem;
-      var foundSource = false;
-      while (!foundSource && parentItem) {
-        // check the ancestor
-        if (parentItem.linkId === linkId) {
-          sourceItem = parentItem;
-          foundSource = true;
-        }
-        parentItem = parentItem._parentItem;
-      }
-
-      var itemIndex = null;
-      if (!sourceItem) {
-        // find the item's position in itemList
-        for (var i=0, iLen=this.itemList.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-          if(item._elementId === this.itemList[i]._elementId) {
-            itemIndex = i;
-            break;
-          }
-        }
-        if (itemIndex !== null) {
-          // check 'preceding' axis
-          for (var j=itemIndex-1; j>=0; j--) {
-            if (this.itemList[j].linkId === linkId) {
-              sourceItem = this.itemList[j];
-              break;
-            }
-          }
-          // check 'following' axis
-          if (!sourceItem) {
-            for (var k=itemIndex+1, kLen = this.itemList.length; k<kLen; k++) {
-              if (this.itemList[k].linkId === linkId) {
-                sourceItem = this.itemList[k];
-                break;
-              }
-            }
-          }
-        }
-      }
-
-      return sourceItem;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Get a source item from the question code defined in a skip logic
-     * @param item the target item where a skip logic is defined
-     * @param linkId the linkId of a source item
-     * @returns {Array}
-     * @private
-     */
-    _getSkipLogicSourceItem: function(item, linkId) {
-      return this._findItemByLinkId(item, linkId);
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Compare if the two given codings are equal. A "coding" is a hash that may have any or all of the
-     * following three fields: code, system, and text. Two codings are considered equal if and only if:
-     * 1) The code systems are equal or unspecified, and
-     * 2) Either the codes are specified and equal, or, the codes are not specified and the texts are
-     *    specified and equal.
-     * @param coding1 the first coding object
-     * @param coding2 the second coding object
-     * @return {boolean} true if the two codings are considered equal, false otherwise.
-     * @private
-     */
-    _codingsEqual: function(coding1, coding2) {
-      let equals = false;
-      let hasValue = (v) => v !== null && v !== undefined && v !== '';
-      if(coding1.system === coding2.system || !coding1.system && !coding2.system) {
-        if(hasValue(coding1.code) || hasValue(coding2.code)) {
-          equals = coding1.code === coding2.code;
-        }
-        else {
-          equals = coding1.text && coding2.text && coding1.text === coding2.text;
-        }
-      }
-
-      return !!equals;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Check if a source item's value meet a skip logic condition/trigger
-     * @param item a source item of a skip logic
-     * @param trigger a trigger of a skip logic
-     * @returns {boolean}
-     * @private
-     */
-    _checkSkipLogicCondition: function(item, trigger) {
-      var action = false;
-      var hasAnswer = item && item.value !== undefined && item.value !== null && item.value !== ""
-                      && item._skipLogicStatus !== this._CONSTANTS.SKIP_LOGIC.STATUS_DISABLED;
-
-      // the trigger contains only one of keys of 'exists', 'not', 'value' or minExclusive, minInclusive,
-      // maxExclusive or maxInclusive.
-      // 'not' means '!=', 'value' means '='.
-      if(trigger.hasOwnProperty('exists')) {
-        action = trigger.exists && hasAnswer || !trigger.exists && !hasAnswer;
-      }
-      else if (hasAnswer) {
-        var currentValue = item.value;
-        switch (item.dataType) {
-          // answer lists: {"code", "LA-83"}, {"label","A"} and etc.
-          // the key is one of the keys in the answers.
-          case this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.CNE:
-          case this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.CWE:
-            var triggerValue = trigger.hasOwnProperty('value') ? trigger.value : trigger.hasOwnProperty('notEqual') ? trigger.notEqual : null;
-            var answerValues = Array.isArray(currentValue)? currentValue: [currentValue];
-            var isEqual = false;
-            for (var m= 0, mLen = answerValues.length; m<mLen; m++) {
-              let answerValue = answerValues[m];
-              if(item.answerCodeSystem) {
-                answerValue = Object.assign({system: item.answerCodeSystem}, answerValue);
-              }
-              if(this._codingsEqual(triggerValue, answerValue)) {
-                isEqual = true;
-                break;
-              }
-            }
-            if (trigger.hasOwnProperty('value')) {
-              if (isEqual) {
-                action = true;
-              }
-            }
-            else if (trigger.hasOwnProperty('notEqual')) {
-              if (!isEqual) {
-                action = true;
-              }
-            }
-            break;
-          // numbers: {"value: 3}, {"minInclusive": 3, "maxInclusive":10} and etc.
-          // available keys: (1) "value", (2) "not" or (3) "minInclusive"/"minExclusive" and/or "maxInclusive"/"maxExclusive"
-          case this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.INT:
-          case this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.REAL:
-          case this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.QTY:
-            var numCurrentValue = parseFloat(currentValue);
-            // the skip logic rule has a "value" key
-            if (trigger.hasOwnProperty("value")) {
-              if (trigger["value"] === numCurrentValue) {
-                action = true;
-              }
-            }
-            else if (trigger.hasOwnProperty('notEqual')) {
-              if (trigger["notEqual"] != numCurrentValue) {
-                action = true;
-              }
-            }
-            // the skip logic rule has a range
-            else {
-              // if within the range
-              if (this._inRange(trigger, numCurrentValue)) {
-                action = true;
-              }
-            }
-            break;
-          // string: {"value": "AAA"}   ( TBD: {"pattern": "/^Loinc/"} )
-          // the only key is "value", for now
-          case this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.ST:
-          // boolean: {"value": true}, {"value": false}
-          // the only key is "value"
-          case this._CONSTANTS.DATA_TYPE.BL:
-            if (trigger.hasOwnProperty("value")) {
-              if (trigger["value"] === currentValue ) {
-                action = true;
-              }
-            }
-            else if (trigger.hasOwnProperty('notEqual')) {
-              if (trigger["notEqual"] != currentValue) {
-                action = true;
-              }
-            }
-            break;
-        } // end case
-      }
-      // no answer and 'notEqual' has a value
-      else if (trigger.hasOwnProperty('notEqual') &&
-          trigger.notEqual !==undefined && trigger.notEqual !== null && trigger.notEqual !== "") {
-        action = true;
-      }
-
-      return action;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Check if all the conditions/triggers are met for a skip logic
-     * @param item a target item where a skip logic is defined
-     * @returns {boolean}
-     * @private
-     */
-    _checkSkipLogic: function(item) {
-      var takeAction = false;
-      if (item.skipLogic) {
-        var hasAll = item.skipLogic.logic === "ALL";
-        var hasAny = !item.skipLogic.logic || item.skipLogic.logic === "ANY"; // per spec, default is ANY
-        // set initial value takeAction to true if the 'logic' is not set or its value is 'ALL'
-        // otherwise its value is false, including when the 'logic' value is 'ANY'
-        takeAction = hasAll;
-
-        for (var i= 0, iLen=item.skipLogic.conditions.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-          var condition = item.skipLogic.conditions[i];
-          var sourceItem = this._getSkipLogicSourceItem(item, condition.source);
-          var conditionMet = this._checkSkipLogicCondition(sourceItem, condition.trigger);
-          // ALL: check all conditions until one is not met, or all are met.
-          if (hasAll && !conditionMet ) {
-            takeAction = false;
-            break;
-          }
-          // ANY: check all conditions until one is met, or none is met.
-          else if (hasAny && conditionMet) {
-            takeAction = true;
-            break;
-          }
-        } // end of conditions loop
-      } // end of skipLogic
-
-      return takeAction;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Get the css class on the skip logic target field
-     * @param item
-     * @returns {string|string|*|string}
-     */
-    getSkipLogicClass: function(item) {
-        return item._skipLogicStatus;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Check if the form is decided by skip logic as finished.
-     * @returns {boolean|*}
-     */
-    isFormDone: function() {
-      return this._formDone;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Check if the question needs an extra input
-     * @param item an item in the lforms form items array
-     * @returns {boolean}
-     */
-    needExtra: function(item) {
-      var extra = false;
-      if (item && item.value) {
-        // NOT to support multiple values of 'other' when multiple answers are allowed.
-        // if (Array.isArray(item.value)) {
-        //   jQuery.each(item.value, function(index, answer) {
-        //     if (answer.other) {
-        //       extra = true;
-        //     }
-        //   });
-        // }
-        if (!Array.isArray(item.value) && item.value.other) {
-          extra = true;
-        }
-      }
-      return extra;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Set the active row in table
-     * @param item an item
-     */
-    setActiveRow: function(item) {
-      this._activeItem = item;
-    },
-
-
-    /**
-     * Get the css class for the active row
-     * @param item an item
-     * @returns {string}
-     */
-    getActiveRowClass: function(item) {
-      var ret = "";
-      if (this._activeItem && this._activeItem._elementId === item._elementId) {
-        ret = "active-row";
-      }
-      return ret;
-    },
-
-
-    // Form navigation by keyboard
-    Navigation: {
-      // keys
-      ARROW: {LEFT: 37, UP: 38, RIGHT: 39, DOWN: 40},
-      TAB: 9,
-      _navigationMap: [],        // a mapping from position (x, y) to element id (_elementId) of every question.
-      _reverseNavigationMap: {}, // a reverse mapping from element id to position, for quick search of positions.
-
-      /**
-       * Set up or update the navigation map of all active fields
-       * @param lfData the LFormsData object of a form
-       */
-      setupNavigationMap: function(lfData) {
-        var items = lfData.itemList,
-            posX = 0, posY = 0;
-        this._navigationMap = [];
-        this._reverseNavigationMap = {};
-        for (var i=0, iLen=items.length; i<iLen; i++) {
-          // not in horizontal tables
-          if (!items[i]._inHorizontalTable && !items[i].header) {
-            // TODO: if it is not a hidden target fields of skip logic rules
-
-            posX = 0; // set x to 0
-            this._navigationMap.push([items[i]._elementId]);
-            this._reverseNavigationMap[items[i]._elementId] = {x: posX, y: posY};
-            posY += 1; // have added a row
-          }
-          // in horizontal tables and it is a table header
-          else if (items[i]._horizontalTableHeader) {
-            var tableKey = [items[i].linkId + items[i]._parentItem._idPath];
-            var tableInfo = lfData._horizontalTableInfo[tableKey];
-            // it is the first table header
-            if (tableInfo && tableInfo.tableStartIndex === i) {
-              for (var j= 0, jLen = tableInfo.tableRows.length; j < jLen; j++) {
-                var tableRowMap = [];
-                var tableRow = tableInfo.tableRows[j];
-                posX = 0; // new row, set x to 0
-                for (var k= 0, kLen = tableRow.cells.length; k < kLen; k++) {
-                  var cellItem = tableRow.cells[k];
-                  tableRowMap.push(cellItem._elementId);
-                  this._reverseNavigationMap[cellItem._elementId] = {x: posX, y: posY};
-                  posX += 1; // have added a field in the row
-                }
-                this._navigationMap.push(tableRowMap);
-                posY += 1; // have added a row
-              }
-              // move i to the item right after the horizontal table
-              i = tableInfo.tableEndIndex;
-            }
-          }
-          // non header items in horizontal tables are handled above
-        }
-      },
-
-
-      /**
-       * Find a field's position in navigationMap from its element id
-       * @param id the ID of the currently focused DOM element
-       * @returns {*} the position in the navigation map array of the currently focused DOM element
-       */
-      getCurrentPosition: function(id) {
-        return id ? this._reverseNavigationMap[id] : null;
-      },
-
-
-      /**
-       * Find the next field to get focus
-       * @param kCode code value of a keyboard key
-       * @param id the ID of the currently focused DOM element
-       * @returns {*}
-       */
-      getNextFieldId: function(kCode, id) {
-        var nextPos, nextId;
-        // if the current position is known
-        var curPos = this.getCurrentPosition(id);
-        if (curPos) {
-          switch(kCode) {
-            // Move left
-            case this.ARROW.LEFT: {
-              // move left one step
-              if (curPos.x > 0) {
-                nextPos = {
-                  x: curPos.x - 1,
-                  y: curPos.y
-                };
-              }
-              // on the leftmost already, move to the end of upper row if there's an upper row
-              else if (curPos.y > 0) {
-                nextPos = {
-                  x: this._navigationMap[curPos.y - 1].length - 1,
-                  y: curPos.y - 1
-                };
-              }
-              // else, it is already the field on the left top corner. do nothing
-              break;
-            }
-            // Move right
-            case this.ARROW.RIGHT: {
-              // move right one step
-              if (curPos.x < this._navigationMap[curPos.y].length - 1) {
-                nextPos = {
-                  x: curPos.x + 1,
-                  y: curPos.y
-                };
-              }
-              // on the rightmost already, move to the beginning of lower row if there's a lower row
-              else if (curPos.y < this._navigationMap.length - 1) {
-                nextPos = {
-                  x: 0,
-                  y: curPos.y + 1 };
-              }
-              // else it is already the field on the right bottom corner. do nothing
-              break;
-            }
-            // Move up
-            case this.ARROW.UP: {
-              // move up one step
-              if (curPos.y > 0) {
-                // if upper row does not have a field at the same column
-                // choose the rightmost field
-                var nearbyX = curPos.x;
-                if (nearbyX >= this._navigationMap[curPos.y - 1].length) {
-                  nearbyX = this._navigationMap[curPos.y - 1].length - 1;
-                }
-                // set new position
-                nextPos = {
-                  x: nearbyX,
-                  y: curPos.y - 1
-                };
-              }
-              break;
-            }
-            // Move down
-            case this.ARROW.DOWN: {
-              // move up one step
-              if (curPos.y < this._navigationMap.length - 1) {
-                // if lower row does not have a field at the same column
-                // choose the rightmost field
-                var nearbyX = curPos.x;
-                if (nearbyX >= this._navigationMap[curPos.y + 1].length) {
-                  nearbyX = this._navigationMap[curPos.y + 1].length - 1;
-                }
-                // set new position
-                nextPos = {
-                  x: nearbyX,
-                  y: curPos.y + 1
-                };
-              }
-              break;
-            }
-          } // end of switch
-          if (nextPos) {
-            nextId = this._navigationMap[nextPos.y][nextPos.x];
-          }
-        }
-        return nextId;
-      }
-    }
-
-  });
-})();