lecodes-cli 0.17.2 → 0.18.1

package/runtime/sdk/gl/Physics.ts

@@ -1,126 +1,222 @@
-// Rigid body as an aspect on a 3D Node, backed by a JoltPhysics body in creator-gl. Requires a Shape
-// aspect on the same node (its geometry becomes the body's collision shape).
-//
-//   Physics.configure({ gravity: [0, -9.81, 0] })          // once, before creating bodies
-//   ground.aspect(Shape, { box: [20, 0.5, 20] }).aspect(Physics, { motion: 'static' })
-//   crate.aspect(Shape, {}).aspect(Physics, { mass: 2 })   // auto box from the mesh
-//   crate.physics.applyImpulse([0, 6, 0])
-//   crate.addEventListener('enter', other => …)            // contact / trigger overlap began
-//
-// For a `dynamic` body, physics OWNS the transform — do NOT set node.position per frame; drive it via
-// velocity / applyImpulse. Reading node.position is free (native already wrote it). Kinematic bodies
-// are driven with moveTo.
-
-import { Aspect } from "../core/Aspect"
-import { Vec3, cx, cy, cz, type Vec3Like } from "../math/vec"
-import { nodeRegistry, type Node } from "./Node"
-import { Shape } from "./Shape"
-
-export type MotionType = "static" | "dynamic" | "kinematic"
-const MOTION: Record<MotionType, number> = { static: 0, kinematic: 1, dynamic: 2 }
-
-export interface PhysicsConfig {
-  /** Gravity in world units/s² (Y-up: down is negative). Default [0, -9.81, 0]. */
-  gravity?: Vec3Like
-  /** Max simultaneous bodies (resizes the world; only before any body exists). Default 4096. */
-  maxBodies?: number
-}
-
-/** Closest raycast hit. */
-export interface RayHit {
-  node: Node | null
-  point: Vec3
-  normal: Vec3
-  fraction: number
-}
-
-export class Physics extends Aspect<"physics", Node> {
-  static readonly aspect = "physics"
-
-  /** Render interpolation of body transforms between the fixed 60 Hz steps (global; default on). Turn
-   *  off to save per-frame transform writes when you have many moving bodies / don't need >60 Hz
-   *  smoothness — bodies then advance in discrete steps. */
-  private static _interpolation = true
-  static get interpolation(): boolean { return Physics._interpolation }
-  static set interpolation(on: boolean) { Physics._interpolation = on; _creator.setInterpolation(on) }
-
-  /** Default "dynamic". */
-  motion: MotionType = "dynamic"
-  /** Mass in kg for dynamic bodies (default 1). Ignored for static/kinematic. */
-  mass = 1
-
-  private _bodyId = 0
-
-  onAttach(): void {
-    if (!_creator.physicsHasSupport || !_creator.physicsHasSupport()) return
-    const shape = this.node.get(Shape)
-    if (!shape) {
-      throw new Error("Physics requires a Shape aspect — add it first: node.aspect(Shape, {…}).aspect(Physics, {…})")
-    }
-    if (this.motion === "dynamic" && shape._isTriangleMesh) {
-      throw new Error("Physics: a dynamic body cannot use Shape { mesh: true } (triangle meshes are static/kinematic only) — use { mesh: 'convex' } or a primitive shape")
-    }
-    const shapeId = shape._claim() // drop the pick-only body; reuse its shape
-    this._bodyId = _creator.physicsCreateBody(this.node.id, shapeId, MOTION[this.motion], this.mass, false, false)
-    shape._ownBody(this._bodyId)
-  }
-
-  onDetach(): void {
-    if (this._bodyId) { _creator.physicsRemoveBody(this._bodyId); this._bodyId = 0 }
-    const shape = this.node.get(Shape)
-    if (shape) {
-      shape._ownBody(0)          // the Shape held OUR body id — forget it, or its own detach removes it twice (native crash)
-      shape._recreatePickBody()  // keep the node pickable if the Shape stays
-    }
-  }
-
-  /** Native Jolt body id. 0 until attached, or if the build has no physics support. */
-  get id(): number { return this._bodyId }
-
-  /** Linear velocity in world units/second (fresh Vec3 on read). */
-  get velocity(): Vec3 {
-    const out = new Float32Array(3)
-    if (this._bodyId) _creator.physicsGetLinearVelocity(this._bodyId, out)
-    return new Vec3(out[0], out[1], out[2])
-  }
-  set velocity(v: Vec3Like) {
-    if (this._bodyId) _creator.physicsSetLinearVelocity(this._bodyId, cx(v), cy(v), cz(v))
-  }
-
-  /** Apply an instantaneous impulse (kg·m/s) and wake the body. */
-  applyImpulse(v: Vec3Like): this {
-    if (this._bodyId) _creator.physicsApplyImpulse(this._bodyId, cx(v), cy(v), cz(v))
-    return this
-  }
-
-  /** Teleport / drive a kinematic (or dynamic) body to a world position. */
-  moveTo(p: Vec3Like): this {
-    if (this._bodyId) _creator.physicsSetBodyPosition(this._bodyId, cx(p), cy(p), cz(p))
-    return this
-  }
-
-  // --- world (static) -------------------------------------------------------------------------
-  /** Configure gravity / limits. Call once before creating bodies. */
-  static configure(config: PhysicsConfig = {}): void {
-    const g = config.gravity ?? [0, -9.81, 0]
-    _creator.physicsConfigure(cx(g), cy(g), cz(g), config.maxBodies ?? 0)
-  }
-
-  /** Whether this build has physics support (CREATOR_GL_PHYSICS). */
-  static get supported(): boolean {
-    return !!_creator.physicsHasSupport && _creator.physicsHasSupport()
-  }
-
-  /** Closest pickable body hit by the ray from `origin` along `dir` (up to `maxDist`), or null. */
-  static raycast(origin: Vec3Like, dir: Vec3Like, maxDist = 1000): RayHit | null {
-    const out = new Float32Array(7)
-    const id = _creator.physicsRaycast(cx(origin), cy(origin), cz(origin), cx(dir), cy(dir), cz(dir), maxDist, out)
-    if (!id) return null
-    return {
-      node: nodeRegistry.get(id) ?? null,
-      point: new Vec3(out[0], out[1], out[2]),
-      normal: new Vec3(out[3], out[4], out[5]),
-      fraction: out[6],
-    }
-  }
-}
+// Rigid body as an aspect on a 3D Node, backed by a JoltPhysics body in creator-gl. Requires a Shape
+// aspect on the same node (its geometry becomes the body's collision shape).
+//
+//   Physics.configure({ gravity: [0, -9.81, 0] })          // once, before creating bodies
+//   ground.aspect(Shape, { box: [20, 0.5, 20] }).aspect(Physics, { motion: 'static' })
+//   crate.aspect(Shape, {}).aspect(Physics, { mass: 2 })   // auto box from the mesh
+//   crate.physics.applyImpulse([0, 6, 0])
+//   crate.addEventListener('enter', other => …)            // contact / trigger overlap began
+//
+// For a `dynamic` body, physics OWNS the transform — do NOT set node.position per frame; drive it via
+// velocity / applyImpulse. Reading node.position is free (native already wrote it). A `position` write
+// is a TELEPORT that reaches the body (Shape routes it), which is how a kinematic body is placed too.
+
+import { Aspect } from "../core/Aspect"
+import type { FieldMeta } from "../core/fields"
+import type { CompAxis, CompWriter } from "../core/compWrite"
+import { Vec3, cx, cy, cz, type Vec3Like } from "../math/vec"
+import { nodeRegistry, type Node } from "./Node"
+import { Shape } from "./Shape"
+
+export type MotionType = "static" | "dynamic" | "kinematic"
+const MOTION: Record<MotionType, number> = { static: 0, kinematic: 1, dynamic: 2 }
+// Jolt's angular velocity is rad/s; every angle the SDK exposes is in degrees (like `eulerAngles`).
+const DEG2RAD = Math.PI / 180
+const RAD2DEG = 180 / Math.PI
+// Scratch for velocity reads (one per module, never handed out) — a read allocates the Vec3 only.
+const scratch = new Float32Array(3)
+
+export interface PhysicsConfig {
+  /** Gravity in world units/s² (Y-up: down is negative). Default [0, -9.81, 0]. */
+  gravity?: Vec3Like
+  /** Max simultaneous bodies (resizes the world; only before any body exists). Default 4096. */
+  maxBodies?: number
+}
+
+/** Closest raycast hit. */
+export interface RayHit {
+  node: Node | null
+  point: Vec3
+  normal: Vec3
+  fraction: number
+}
+
+/**
+ * What a body's friction already is the moment the host creates it. This is part of the ABI, not an
+ * assumption: bridges.d.ts states it, so every host owes us this value. Knowing it lets attach skip
+ * a bridge call per body whenever nobody named a surface.
+ */
+export const DEFAULT_FRICTION = 0.6
+
+export class Physics extends Aspect<"physics", Node> implements CompWriter {
+  static readonly aspect = "physics"
+
+  /** Render interpolation of body transforms between the fixed 60 Hz steps (global; default on). Turn
+   *  off to save per-frame transform writes when you have many moving bodies / don't need >60 Hz
+   *  smoothness — bodies then advance in discrete steps. */
+  private static _interpolation = true
+  static get interpolation(): boolean { return Physics._interpolation }
+  static set interpolation(on: boolean) { Physics._interpolation = on; _creator.setInterpolation(on) }
+
+  /** Default "dynamic". */
+  motion: MotionType = "dynamic"
+  /** Mass in kg for dynamic bodies (default 1). Ignored for static/kinematic. */
+  mass = 1
+  /**
+   * Surface friction: 0 = ice, ~1 = grippy asphalt, and values above 1 are allowed (rubber on
+   * tarmac).
+   *
+   * The engine COMBINES the two touching bodies as `sqrt(a * b)`, so the LOWER value dominates and
+   * the floor caps everything standing on it. The default **0.6** is a neutral solid surface (the
+   * raw Jolt default of 0.2 is ice by game standards); dry tarmac a car should corner on wants a
+   * `1`, ice `0.02`. A Vehicle's tires read the GROUND body's value, so this is the single number
+   * that decides how well a car corners.
+   *
+   * Change it at runtime by re-configuring — `floor.aspect(Physics, { friction: 0.02 })` (an ice
+   * patch) — or by assigning `floor.physics.friction = 0.02`; either way the setter pushes the new
+   * surface to the live body at once. (chisel keeps an instance setter whose name appears as an
+   * object-literal key anywhere in the bundle, so the config-object route survives tree-shaking
+   * even when no code reads `.friction`.)
+   */
+  get friction(): number { return this._friction }
+  set friction(v: number) {
+    this._friction = v
+    // Unconditional on a live body, unlike attach: it may be on its way BACK to the default from
+    // something else, and skipping that would leave the ice patch in place.
+    if (this._bodyId) _creator.physicsSetFriction?.(this._bodyId, v)
+  }
+  private _friction = DEFAULT_FRICTION
+
+  /** Scene-editor inspector: `motion` as a dropdown (a string default alone infers a text box). */
+  static fields: FieldMeta<Physics> = {
+    motion: { options: [ "static", "kinematic", "dynamic" ] },
+    mass: { min: 0, step: 0.1 },
+    friction: { min: 0, max: 2, step: 0.05 },
+  }
+
+  private _bodyId = 0
+
+  onAttach(): void {
+    if (!_creator.physicsHasSupport || !_creator.physicsHasSupport()) return
+    const shape = this.node.get(Shape)
+    if (!shape) {
+      throw new Error("Physics requires a Shape aspect — add it first: node.aspect(Shape, {…}).aspect(Physics, {…})")
+    }
+    if (this.motion === "dynamic" && shape._isTriangleMesh) {
+      throw new Error("Physics: a dynamic body cannot use Shape { mesh: true } (triangle meshes are static/kinematic only) — use { mesh: 'convex' } or a primitive shape")
+    }
+    const shapeId = shape._claim() // drop the pick-only body; reuse its shape
+    this._bodyId = _creator.physicsCreateBody(this.node.id, shapeId, MOTION[this.motion], this.mass, false, false)
+    // A fresh body already carries DEFAULT_FRICTION host-side, so only a NAMED surface has to
+    // travel — the common case costs no bridge call at all.
+    if (this._friction !== DEFAULT_FRICTION) _creator.physicsSetFriction?.(this._bodyId, this._friction)
+    shape._ownBody(this._bodyId)
+  }
+
+  onDetach(): void {
+    if (this._bodyId) { _creator.physicsRemoveBody(this._bodyId); this._bodyId = 0 }
+    const shape = this.node.get(Shape)
+    if (shape) {
+      shape._ownBody(0)          // the Shape held OUR body id — forget it, or its own detach removes it twice (native crash)
+      shape._recreatePickBody()  // keep the node pickable if the Shape stays
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Native Jolt body id. 0 until attached, or if the build has no physics support. */
+  get id(): number { return this._bodyId }
+
+  /** Linear velocity in world units/second (fresh Vec3 on read; `velocity.y = 5` written directly on
+   *  the aspect is compiled to a component write — see `_writeComp`). */
+  get velocity(): Vec3 {
+    if (!this._bodyId) return new Vec3(0, 0, 0)
+    _creator.physicsGetLinearVelocity(this._bodyId, scratch)
+    return new Vec3(scratch[0], scratch[1], scratch[2])
+  }
+  set velocity(v: Vec3Like) {
+    if (this._bodyId) _creator.physicsSetLinearVelocity(this._bodyId, cx(v), cy(v), cz(v))
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Angular velocity — **degrees/second about each world axis** (the SDK's angle unit everywhere;
+   * the engine works in radians and converts here). Fresh Vec3 on read.
+   *
+   * This is the only handle on a body's spin, and placing an object usually needs it: a `position`
+   * write is a pure teleport, so a crate that was tumbling keeps tumbling at its new home. Putting
+   * something down is `body.velocity = [0,0,0]; body.angularVelocity = [0,0,0]; node.position = p`.
+   */
+  get angularVelocity(): Vec3 {
+    if (!this._bodyId || !_creator.physicsGetAngularVelocity) return new Vec3(0, 0, 0)
+    _creator.physicsGetAngularVelocity(this._bodyId, scratch)
+    return new Vec3(scratch[0] * RAD2DEG, scratch[1] * RAD2DEG, scratch[2] * RAD2DEG)
+  }
+  set angularVelocity(v: Vec3Like) {
+    if (this._bodyId && _creator.physicsSetAngularVelocity) {
+      _creator.physicsSetAngularVelocity(this._bodyId, cx(v) * DEG2RAD, cy(v) * DEG2RAD, cz(v) * DEG2RAD)
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** @internal chisel `comp_write` (see core/compWrite.ts): `body.velocity.y = v` / `body.angularVelocity.z
+   *  = v` written directly on the aspect compile to a call here — one read into the scratch, one set, no
+   *  vector. The list is compile-time data. */
+  static _comps = [ "velocity", "angularVelocity" ]
+  _writeComp(prop: string, axis: CompAxis, v: number): void {
+    if (!this._bodyId || axis === "w") return
+    const i = axis === "x" ? 0 : axis === "y" ? 1 : 2
+    if (prop === "velocity") {
+      _creator.physicsGetLinearVelocity(this._bodyId, scratch)
+      scratch[i] = v
+      _creator.physicsSetLinearVelocity(this._bodyId, scratch[0], scratch[1], scratch[2])
+    } else if (_creator.physicsGetAngularVelocity && _creator.physicsSetAngularVelocity) {
+      _creator.physicsGetAngularVelocity(this._bodyId, scratch)
+      scratch[i] = v * DEG2RAD
+      _creator.physicsSetAngularVelocity(this._bodyId, scratch[0], scratch[1], scratch[2])
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Apply an instantaneous impulse (kg·m/s) and wake the body. */
+  applyImpulse(v: Vec3Like): this {
+    if (this._bodyId) _creator.physicsApplyImpulse(this._bodyId, cx(v), cy(v), cz(v))
+    return this
+  }
+
+  /** The same impulse applied at a WORLD-SPACE point instead of the centre of mass: the lever arm
+   *  becomes angular impulse, so the body spins as well as moves (a bullet hitting a crate off
+   *  centre, a blast lifting it by its base). Falls back to the central impulse on an older host. */
+  applyImpulseAt(v: Vec3Like, point: Vec3Like): this {
+    if (!this._bodyId) return this
+    if (_creator.physicsApplyImpulseAt) {
+      _creator.physicsApplyImpulseAt(this._bodyId, cx(v), cy(v), cz(v), cx(point), cy(point), cz(point))
+    } else {
+      _creator.physicsApplyImpulse(this._bodyId, cx(v), cy(v), cz(v))
+    }
+    return this
+  }
+
+  // No moveTo(): `node.position = p` IS the move. Shape hands the body id to the node, so a position
+  // write reaches the body — one way to place anything, whether or not physics is involved.
+
+  // --- world (static) -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  /** Configure gravity / limits. Call once before creating bodies. */
+  static configure(config: PhysicsConfig = {}): void {
+    const g = config.gravity ?? [0, -9.81, 0]
+    _creator.physicsConfigure(cx(g), cy(g), cz(g), config.maxBodies ?? 0)
+  }
+
+  /** Whether this build has physics support (CREATOR_GL_PHYSICS). */
+  static get supported(): boolean {
+    return !!_creator.physicsHasSupport && _creator.physicsHasSupport()
+  }
+
+  /** Closest pickable body hit by the ray from `origin` along `dir` (up to `maxDist`), or null. */
+  static raycast(origin: Vec3Like, dir: Vec3Like, maxDist = 1000): RayHit | null {
+    const out = new Float32Array(7)
+    const id = _creator.physicsRaycast(cx(origin), cy(origin), cz(origin), cx(dir), cy(dir), cz(dir), maxDist, out)
+    if (!id) return null
+    return {
+      node: nodeRegistry.get(id) ?? null,
+      point: new Vec3(out[0], out[1], out[2]),
+      normal: new Vec3(out[3], out[4], out[5]),
+      fraction: out[6],
+    }
+  }
+}

package/runtime/sdk/gl/Scene.ts

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 // direct light + shadows.
 
 import { Color, type ColorInput } from "../core/color"
-import { _installAspectFrames } from "../core/Aspect"
+import { _installAspectFrames, _installTimeScale, _attachSystem, _detachSystem, _detachAllSystems, type Aspect, type AspectCtor, type FieldOf, type TargetOf } from "../core/Aspect"
 import { _bumpNavEpoch, _navEpoch, _navSupported, _setCurrent, Presentable, type PresentOptions } from "../ui/presentable"
 import type { ClickEvent, TouchStartEvent } from "../runtime/touch"
 import type { FetchResponse } from "../runtime/fetch"
@@ -18,6 +18,42 @@ import { Node, nodeRegistry } from "./Node"
 import { glState } from "./state"
 import { registerTouchEndEvent, registerTouchStartEvent } from "./touch"
 
+export type AmbientOcclusionOptions = {
+  /** Strength of the darkening (default 1). */
+  intensity?: number
+  /** How far the occlusion reaches, in metres (default 0.3). */
+  radius?: number
+  /** Falloff contrast; >1 tightens it into the crease (default 1). */
+  power?: number
+  /** Sample count + filtering (default 'medium'). Not the buffer resolution — that stays half. */
+  quality?: "low" | "medium" | "high" | "ultra"
+}
+
+export type FogOptions = {
+  /** A TINT on the in-scattered ambient, not an absolute colour: the engine multiplies it by the
+   *  environment luminance, so white (the default) means "fog as bright as the ambient" and the fog
+   *  brightens with `environmentIntensity`. Do NOT expect the same hex to look like it does in
+   *  `skybox` — that one IS an absolute radiance and reads roughly an order of magnitude brighter.
+   *  Tint towards the sky's hue; leave it white to sit at the ambient level. */
+  color?: ColorInput
+  /** Metres from the camera before the fog starts (default 0). */
+  start?: number
+  /** Extinction per metre at `height`; 0.01 ≈ clearly visible over ~100 m (default 0.01). */
+  density?: number
+  /** The fog's "sea level" in world Y (default 0). */
+  height?: number
+  /** How fast it thins with altitude, 1/m. 0 = uniform everywhere; higher = a ground-hugging layer
+   *  you can see over (default 0). */
+  heightFalloff?: number
+  /** Cap on how opaque it can get, 0–1 — keeps far shapes readable (default 1). */
+  maxOpacity?: number
+  /** Metres after which fog stops applying; 0 = everywhere (default 0). */
+  cutoff?: number
+  /** Take the colour from the environment in the view direction, tinted by `color`, instead of a
+   *  flat `color`. Convincing when the IBL is a real sky (default false). */
+  fromEnvironment?: boolean
+}
+
 export type SceneOptions = {
   /** Image-based ambient lighting (default on). */
   ibl?: boolean
@@ -31,10 +67,54 @@ export type SceneOptions = {
    *  saturation until very bright; `'linear'` clips each channel (what an engine without a
    *  tonemapper shows — saturated, Unity-without-post-processing look); `'filmic'` (Uncharted). */
   toneMapping?: "aces" | "neutral" | "linear" | "filmic"
-  /** Skybox / clear color. */
-  skybox?: ColorInput
-  /** Multisample anti-aliasing. */
-  antialias?: boolean
+  /** The sky. Three forms:
+   *  - a colour — a flat clear colour;
+   *  - `{ texture }` — a KTX1 **cubemap**, the sharp `<name>_skybox.ktx` that filament's `cmgen`
+   *    produces from an equirectangular .hdr/.exr. This is the one to use for a real sky. Pass an
+   *    `asset('../assets/sky.ktx')` handle or a bare staged filename;
+   *  - `'environment'` — reuse the scene's IBL cubemap. Cheapest (no second texture) but that file
+   *    is prefiltered for roughness, so the sky comes out soft; fine as a fallback, not as the goal.
+   *
+   *  Either texture form draws through filament's own skybox pass: a full-screen pass in device
+   *  space after the opaque queue. No geometry, no meridian seam, no pole distortion — do NOT build
+   *  a sky dome or a fullscreen equirect material by hand, both are strictly worse. */
+  skybox?: ColorInput | "environment" | { texture: string }
+  /** Screen-space ambient occlusion — the contact darkening in creases and where props meet the
+   *  ground. Without it an IBL lights a crease exactly as brightly as an open face, so everything
+   *  reads as pasted onto the floor rather than standing on it. `true` takes defaults tuned for
+   *  human-scale props; `radius` is world-space metres and is the one knob that must follow the
+   *  scene's scale (~0.3 for objects on a table, ~0.6-1 for a yard of crates and containers). */
+  ambientOcclusion?: boolean | AmbientOcclusionOptions
+  /** Distance fog / aerial perspective: distant geometry loses contrast so the eye reads depth, and
+   *  the hard edge where a finite level ends against the skybox goes away. By default the fog applies
+   *  at every distance — the skybox included — so the sky itself takes the fog colour and the horizon
+   *  blends on its own; `cutoff` opts geometry beyond a distance back out. */
+  fog?: FogOptions
+  /** Multisample anti-aliasing: `true` = 4×, `2`/`4` = that many samples, `false` = off (FXAA
+   *  takes over). Unset keeps the host default (desktop 4×, mobile/web off). The biggest single
+   *  fill-rate cost after resolution — turn it down on big screens before anything else. */
+  antialias?: boolean | 2 | 4
+  /** Render the 3D at this fraction of the viewport (0.25–1) and upscale; the UI stays at native
+   *  resolution. A fixed, predictable cut of per-pixel GPU work — `0.75` is ~45 % cheaper and
+   *  barely visible in motion, `0.5` quarters it. Headless renders ignore it. */
+  renderScale?: number
+  /** Let the engine shrink the 3D buffers under `renderScale` only when frames run over budget
+   *  (Filament dynamic resolution, sharpened upscale) down to `min` (default 0.5). Off by default:
+   *  it makes the output frame-time dependent, so flow tests / headless renders never enable it. */
+  dynamicResolution?: boolean | { min?: number }
+  /** Anisotropic filtering, 1 (off) … 16. Default 2. What it buys is detail on surfaces seen at a
+   *  GRAZING angle — a first-person weapon, a floor, a wall — where the sample footprint is far
+   *  longer in one axis than the other and isotropic filtering has to pick a mip for the long one,
+   *  several levels coarser than the short axis deserves. Measured on a weapon seen from the side
+   *  (local contrast): 8.18 at 1× → 10.02 at 2× → 10.84 at 4× → 11.29 at 8×. The default is 2
+   *  because it is where the curve is steepest per unit of memory bandwidth; raise it if you have
+   *  the headroom.
+   *
+   *  It is an ENGINE-WIDE default, not a property of this scene: a sampler is baked when its
+   *  texture is bound, so this reaches the models a scene loads AFTER it (which is every model in a
+   *  scene file — `env` is applied before the nodes build) and leaves already-loaded ones alone.
+   *  On the desktop host `CREATOR_TEXTURE_ANISOTROPY` overrides it, for tuning without a rebuild. */
+  anisotropy?: number
 }
 
 // Route aspect update(dt) through the render-synced native phases (render() early = before physics,
@@ -53,11 +133,16 @@ const installRenderSyncedFrames = (): void => {
     _creator.setLateUpdate(late)
     return true
   })
+  // Time.scale / Time.paused reach the engine's own clocks (physics, animators, particles) through
+  // setTimeScale; a host without it keeps running its sims at wall-clock speed (feature-detected).
+  _installTimeScale((scale) => { _creator.setTimeScale?.(scale) })
 }
 
 export class Scene implements Presentable {
   /** @internal native scene handle. */
   readonly _id: number
+  /** @internal the IBL intensity this scene was built with (Lightmap.load's ambient floor). */
+  _environmentIntensity = 20000
   readonly camera: Camera
 
   /** @internal touch listeners, read by the dispatch system. */
@@ -87,12 +172,32 @@ export class Scene implements Presentable {
     }
 
     if (options.ibl !== false) _creator.setDefaultIbl(this._id, options.environmentIntensity ?? 20000)
+    this._environmentIntensity = options.ibl === false ? 0 : (options.environmentIntensity ?? 20000)
     if (options.bloom) _creator.setBloomOptions(this._id, true, options.bloomIntensity ?? 0.2, 1)
     if (options.toneMapping !== undefined && options.toneMapping !== "aces") {
       _creator.setToneMapping?.(this._id, { neutral: 1, linear: 2, filmic: 3 }[options.toneMapping] ?? 0)
     }
-    if (options.skybox !== undefined) _creator.setSkybox(this._id, Color.toPackedRgb(options.skybox))
-    if (options.antialias) _creator.setSceneMultiSampleAntiAliasing(this._id, true, 4)
+    if (options.skybox !== undefined) this.skybox = options.skybox
+    if (options.ambientOcclusion) this.setAmbientOcclusion(options.ambientOcclusion)
+    if (options.fog) this.setFog(options.fog)
+    if (options.antialias !== undefined) {
+      const a = options.antialias
+      // `false` must reach the host: desktop defaults to 4× MSAA, so an explicit off is a real change.
+      _creator.setSceneMultiSampleAntiAliasing(this._id, a !== false, typeof a === "number" ? a : 4)
+    }
+    // Before anything else in this constructor that could load a texture: the value has to be in
+    // place by the time assets bind their samplers.
+    if (options.anisotropy !== undefined) _creator.setTextureAnisotropy?.(options.anisotropy)
+    if (options.renderScale !== undefined || options.dynamicResolution) {
+      this.setRenderOptions(options.renderScale ?? 1, options.dynamicResolution ?? false)
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Runtime form of `renderScale` / `dynamicResolution` (a graphics-settings menu). `renderScale`
+   *  0.25–1; older hosts without the method ignore it. */
+  setRenderOptions(renderScale: number, dynamicResolution: boolean | { min?: number } = false): void {
+    const min = typeof dynamicResolution === "object" ? (dynamicResolution.min ?? 0.5) : 0.5
+    _creator.setSceneRenderOptions?.(this._id, renderScale, !!dynamicResolution, min)
   }
 
   /** Scene occlusion material. */
@@ -101,7 +206,34 @@ export class Scene implements Presentable {
     return this._material
   }
 
-  set skybox(color: ColorInput) { _creator.setSkybox(this._id, Color.toPackedRgb(color)) }
+  set skybox(sky: ColorInput | "environment" | { texture: string }) {
+    if (sky === "environment") { _creator.setSkyboxFromEnvironment?.(this._id); return }
+    if (typeof sky === "object" && sky !== null && "texture" in sky) {
+      const src = sky.texture
+      // `asset()` hands back "id:<n>" (already staged); a bare name is resolved on the spot.
+      const id = src.startsWith("id:") ? Number(src.slice(3)) : _creatorUtils.fetchLocal(src)
+      _creator.setSkyboxTexture?.(this._id, id)
+      return
+    }
+    _creator.setSkybox(this._id, Color.toPackedRgb(sky))
+  }
+
+  /** Runtime form of `ambientOcclusion` (a graphics-settings menu). `false` turns it off. */
+  setAmbientOcclusion(options: boolean | AmbientOcclusionOptions): void {
+    const o: AmbientOcclusionOptions = typeof options === "object" ? options : {}
+    const quality = { low: 0, medium: 1, high: 2, ultra: 3 }[o.quality ?? "medium"] ?? 1
+    _creator.setAmbientOcclusionOptions?.(this._id, options !== false, o.intensity ?? 1, o.radius ?? 0.3, o.power ?? 1, quality)
+  }
+
+  /** Runtime form of `fog` (weather, entering a building). `false` turns it off. */
+  setFog(options: FogOptions | false): void {
+    const o: FogOptions = options === false ? {} : options
+    _creator.setFogOptions?.(
+      this._id, options !== false, Color.toPackedRgb(o.color ?? "#ffffff"),
+      o.start ?? 0, o.density ?? 0.01, o.height ?? 0, o.heightFalloff ?? 0,
+      o.maxOpacity ?? 1, o.cutoff ?? 0, o.fromEnvironment ?? false,
+    )
+  }
 
   setMaterialGlobalParameter(i: number, x: number, y: number, z: number, w: number): void {
     _creator.setMaterialGlobalParameter(this._id, i, x, y, z, w)
@@ -119,6 +251,41 @@ export class Scene implements Presentable {
     return this
   }
 
+  // ---- systems: aspects of the scene (core/Aspect.ts `System`) ----
+  /** @internal class → instance, the authoritative store (named accessors mirror this). */
+  readonly _systems = new Map<Function, Aspect<any, any, any>>()
+
+  /** Attach (and configure) a system, or reconfigure it if already present. Returns the scene typed
+   *  as now-having it (`scene.system(Hud).hud`). A `System<'x', Scene2D>` is rejected here. */
+  // `this: Self` (not `Self & Scene`): with the intersection TS infers Self = Scene and a chain
+  // `scene.system(A).system(B)` loses A's accessor from the result type.
+  system<Self extends TargetOf<A>, A extends Aspect<any, any, any>>(
+    this: Self,
+    ctor: AspectCtor<A>,
+    opts?: Partial<A>,
+  ): Self & FieldOf<A> {
+    return _attachSystem(this as unknown as Scene, ctor, opts) as unknown as Self & FieldOf<A>
+  }
+  /** Safe access — undefined if the system isn't attached. */
+  get<A extends Aspect<any, any, any>>(ctor: AspectCtor<A>): A | undefined {
+    return this._systems.get(ctor) as A | undefined
+  }
+  /** Existence check AND type guard: inside `if (scene.has(Hud))`, `scene.hud` is present. */
+  has<A extends Aspect<any, any, any>>(ctor: AspectCtor<A>): this is this & FieldOf<A> {
+    return this._systems.has(ctor)
+  }
+  /** Detach a system (runs its onDetach). Chainable. */
+  removeSystem<A extends Aspect<any, any, any>>(ctor: AspectCtor<A>): this {
+    _detachSystem(this, ctor)
+    return this
+  }
+  /** Tear the scene down: every system detaches (last-attached first) and the scene closes. Nodes
+   *  are yours — destroy the ones you own; the native scene object itself is not released. */
+  destroy(): void {
+    _detachAllSystems(this)
+    this.close()
+  }
+
   createOverlay(options: SceneOptions = {}): Scene {
     return new Scene({ ...options, _parent: this } as any)
   }