lakutata 2.0.70 → 2.0.72

package/vendor/TypeDef.internal.5.d.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,62 @@
 import './TypeDef.internal.2.js';
 
+/** The Standard Schema interface. */
+interface StandardSchemaV1<Input = unknown, Output = Input> {
+    /** The Standard Schema properties. */
+    readonly "~standard": StandardSchemaV1.Props<Input, Output>;
+}
+declare namespace StandardSchemaV1 {
+    /** The Standard Schema properties interface. */
+    export interface Props<Input = unknown, Output = Input> {
+        /** The version number of the standard. */
+        readonly version: 1;
+        /** The vendor name of the schema library. */
+        readonly vendor: string;
+        /** Validates unknown input values. */
+        readonly validate: (value: unknown) => Result<Output> | Promise<Result<Output>>;
+        /** Inferred types associated with the schema. */
+        readonly types?: Types<Input, Output> | undefined;
+    }
+    /** The result interface of the validate function. */
+    export type Result<Output> = SuccessResult<Output> | FailureResult;
+    /** The result interface if validation succeeds. */
+    export interface SuccessResult<Output> {
+        /** The typed output value. */
+        readonly value: Output;
+        /** The non-existent issues. */
+        readonly issues?: undefined;
+    }
+    /** The result interface if validation fails. */
+    export interface FailureResult {
+        /** The issues of failed validation. */
+        readonly issues: ReadonlyArray<Issue>;
+    }
+    /** The issue interface of the failure output. */
+    export interface Issue {
+        /** The error message of the issue. */
+        readonly message: string;
+        /** The path of the issue, if any. */
+        readonly path?: ReadonlyArray<PropertyKey | PathSegment> | undefined;
+    }
+    /** The path segment interface of the issue. */
+    export interface PathSegment {
+        /** The key representing a path segment. */
+        readonly key: PropertyKey;
+    }
+    /** The Standard Schema types interface. */
+    export interface Types<Input = unknown, Output = Input> {
+        /** The input type of the schema. */
+        readonly input: Input;
+        /** The output type of the schema. */
+        readonly output: Output;
+    }
+    /** Infers the input type of a Standard Schema. */
+    export type InferInput<Schema extends StandardSchemaV1> = NonNullable<Schema["~standard"]["types"]>["input"];
+    /** Infers the output type of a Standard Schema. */
+    export type InferOutput<Schema extends StandardSchemaV1> = NonNullable<Schema["~standard"]["types"]>["output"];
+    export {  };
+}
+
 // The following definitions have been copied (almost) as-is from:
 // https://github.com/DefinitelyTyped/DefinitelyTyped/tree/master/types/hapi__joi
 //
@@ -9,2358 +66,2651 @@ import './TypeDef.internal.2.js';
 //
 // TypeScript Version: 2.8
 
-// TODO express type of Schema in a type-parameter (.default, .valid, .example etc)
+
 
 declare namespace Joi {
-    type Types =
-        | 'any'
-        | 'alternatives'
-        | 'array'
-        | 'boolean'
-        | 'binary'
-        | 'date'
-        | 'function'
-        | 'link'
-        | 'number'
-        | 'object'
-        | 'string'
-        | 'symbol';
-
-    type BasicType = boolean | number | string | any[] | object | null;
-
-    type LanguageMessages = Record<string, string | Record<string, string>>;
-
-    type PresenceMode = 'optional' | 'required' | 'forbidden';
-
-    interface ErrorFormattingOptions {
-        /**
-         * when true, error message templates will escape special characters to HTML entities, for security purposes.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        escapeHtml?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * defines the value used to set the label context variable.
-         */
-        label?: 'path' | 'key' | false;
-        /**
-         * The preferred language code for error messages.
-         * The value is matched against keys at the root of the messages object, and then the error code as a child key of that.
-         * Can be a reference to the value, global context, or local context which is the root value passed to the validation function.
-         *
-         * Note that references to the value are usually not what you want as they move around the value structure relative to where the error happens.
-         * Instead, either use the global context, or the absolute value (e.g. `Joi.ref('/variable')`)
-         */
-        language?: keyof LanguageMessages;
-        /**
-         * when false, skips rendering error templates. Useful when error messages are generated elsewhere to save processing time.
-         *
-         * @default true
-         */
-        render?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * when true, the main error will possess a stack trace, otherwise it will be disabled.
-         * Defaults to false for performances reasons. Has no effect on platforms other than V8/node.js as it uses the Stack trace API.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        stack?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * overrides the way values are wrapped (e.g. `[]` around arrays, `""` around labels).
-         * Each key can be set to a string with one (same character before and after the value) or two characters (first character
-         * before and second character after), or `false` to disable wrapping.
-         */
-        wrap?: {
-            /**
-             * the characters used around `{#label}` references. Defaults to `'"'`.
-             *
-             * @default '"'
-             */
-            label?: string | false,
-
-            /**
-             * the characters used around array values. Defaults to `'[]'`
-             *
-             * @default '[]'
-             */
-            array?: string | false
-
-            /**
-             * the characters used around array string values. Defaults to no wrapping.
-             *
-             * @default false
-             */
-            string?: string | false
-        };
-    }
+  type Types =
+    | "any"
+    | "alternatives"
+    | "array"
+    | "boolean"
+    | "binary"
+    | "date"
+    | "function"
+    | "link"
+    | "number"
+    | "object"
+    | "string"
+    | "symbol";
 
-    interface BaseValidationOptions {
-        /**
-         * when true, stops validation on the first error, otherwise returns all the errors found.
-         *
-         * @default true
-         */
-        abortEarly?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * when true, allows object to contain unknown keys which are ignored.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        allowUnknown?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * when true, return artifacts alongside the value.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        artifacts?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * when true, schema caching is enabled (for schemas with explicit caching rules).
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        cache?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * provides an external data set to be used in references
-         */
-        context?: Context;
-        /**
-         * when true, attempts to cast values to the required types (e.g. a string to a number).
-         *
-         * @default true
-         */
-        convert?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * sets the string format used when converting dates to strings in error messages and casting.
-         *
-         * @default 'iso'
-         */
-        dateFormat?: 'date' | 'iso' | 'string' | 'time' | 'utc';
-        /**
-         * when true, valid results and throw errors are decorated with a debug property which includes an array of the validation steps used to generate the returned result.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        debug?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * error formatting settings.
-         */
-        errors?: ErrorFormattingOptions;
-        /**
-         * if false, the external rules set with `any.external()` are ignored, which is required to ignore any external validations in synchronous mode (or an exception is thrown).
-         *
-         * @default true
-         */
-        externals?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * when true, do not apply default values.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        noDefaults?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * when true, inputs are shallow cloned to include non-enumerable properties.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        nonEnumerables?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * sets the default presence requirements. Supported modes: 'optional', 'required', and 'forbidden'.
-         *
-         * @default 'optional'
-         */
-        presence?: PresenceMode;
-        /**
-         * when true, ignores unknown keys with a function value.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        skipFunctions?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * remove unknown elements from objects and arrays.
-         * - when true, all unknown elements will be removed
-         * - when an object:
-         *      - objects - set to true to remove unknown keys from objects
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        stripUnknown?: boolean | { arrays?: boolean; objects?: boolean };
-    }
+  type BasicType = boolean | number | string | any[] | object | null;
 
-    interface ValidationOptions extends BaseValidationOptions {
-        /**
-         * overrides individual error messages. Defaults to no override (`{}`).
-         * Messages use the same rules as templates.
-         * Variables in double braces `{{var}}` are HTML escaped if the option `errors.escapeHtml` is set to true.
-         *
-         * @default {}
-         */
-        messages?: LanguageMessages;
-    }
+  type LanguageMessages = Record<string, string | Record<string, string>>;
 
-    interface AsyncValidationOptions extends ValidationOptions {
-        /**
-         * when true, artifacts are returned alongside the value (i.e. `{ value, artifacts }`)
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        artifacts?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * when true, warnings are returned alongside the value (i.e. `{ value, warning }`).
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        warnings?: boolean;
-    }
+  type PresenceMode = "optional" | "required" | "forbidden";
 
-    interface LanguageMessageTemplate {
-        source: string;
-        rendered: string;
-    }
+  interface ErrorFormattingOptions {
+    /**
+     * when true, error message templates will escape special characters to HTML entities, for security purposes.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    escapeHtml?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * defines the value used to set the label context variable.
+     */
+    label?: "path" | "key" | false;
+    /**
+     * The preferred language code for error messages.
+     * The value is matched against keys at the root of the messages object, and then the error code as a child key of that.
+     * Can be a reference to the value, global context, or local context which is the root value passed to the validation function.
+     *
+     * Note that references to the value are usually not what you want as they move around the value structure relative to where the error happens.
+     * Instead, either use the global context, or the absolute value (e.g. `Joi.ref('/variable')`)
+     */
+    language?: keyof LanguageMessages;
+    /**
+     * when false, skips rendering error templates. Useful when error messages are generated elsewhere to save processing time.
+     *
+     * @default true
+     */
+    render?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * when true, the main error will possess a stack trace, otherwise it will be disabled.
+     * Defaults to false for performances reasons. Has no effect on platforms other than V8/node.js as it uses the Stack trace API.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    stack?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * overrides the way values are wrapped (e.g. `[]` around arrays, `""` around labels).
+     * Each key can be set to a string with one (same character before and after the value) or two characters (first character
+     * before and second character after), or `false` to disable wrapping.
+     */
+    wrap?: {
+      /**
+       * the characters used around `{#label}` references. Defaults to `'"'`.
+       *
+       * @default '"'
+       */
+      label?: string | false;
+
+      /**
+       * the characters used around array values. Defaults to `'[]'`
+       *
+       * @default '[]'
+       */
+      array?: string | false;
+
+      /**
+       * the characters used around array string values. Defaults to no wrapping.
+       *
+       * @default false
+       */
+      string?: string | false;
+    };
+  }
 
-    interface ErrorValidationOptions extends BaseValidationOptions {
-        messages?: Record<string, LanguageMessageTemplate>;
-    }
+  interface BaseValidationOptions {
+    /**
+     * when true, stops validation on the first error, otherwise returns all the errors found.
+     *
+     * @default true
+     */
+    abortEarly?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * when true, allows object to contain unknown keys which are ignored.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    allowUnknown?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * when true, return artifacts alongside the value.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    artifacts?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * when true, schema caching is enabled (for schemas with explicit caching rules).
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    cache?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * provides an external data set to be used in references
+     */
+    context?: Context;
+    /**
+     * when true, attempts to cast values to the required types (e.g. a string to a number).
+     *
+     * @default true
+     */
+    convert?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * sets the string format used when converting dates to strings in error messages and casting.
+     *
+     * @default 'iso'
+     */
+    dateFormat?: "date" | "iso" | "string" | "time" | "utc";
+    /**
+     * when true, valid results and throw errors are decorated with a debug property which includes an array of the validation steps used to generate the returned result.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    debug?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * error formatting settings.
+     */
+    errors?: ErrorFormattingOptions;
+    /**
+     * if false, the external rules set with `any.external()` are ignored, which is required to ignore any external validations in synchronous mode (or an exception is thrown).
+     *
+     * @default true
+     */
+    externals?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * when true, do not apply default values.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    noDefaults?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * when true, inputs are shallow cloned to include non-enumerable properties.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    nonEnumerables?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * sets the default presence requirements. Supported modes: 'optional', 'required', and 'forbidden'.
+     *
+     * @default 'optional'
+     */
+    presence?: PresenceMode;
+    /**
+     * when true, ignores unknown keys with a function value.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    skipFunctions?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * remove unknown elements from objects and arrays.
+     * - when true, all unknown elements will be removed
+     * - when an object:
+     *      - objects - set to true to remove unknown keys from objects
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    stripUnknown?: boolean | { arrays?: boolean; objects?: boolean };
+  }
 
-    interface RenameOptions {
-        /**
-         * if true, does not delete the old key name, keeping both the new and old keys in place.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        alias?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * if true, allows renaming multiple keys to the same destination where the last rename wins.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        multiple?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * if true, allows renaming a key over an existing key.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        override?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * if true, skip renaming of a key if it's undefined.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        ignoreUndefined?: boolean;
-    }
+  interface ValidationOptions extends BaseValidationOptions {
+    /**
+     * overrides individual error messages. Defaults to no override (`{}`).
+     * Messages use the same rules as templates.
+     * Variables in double braces `{{var}}` are HTML escaped if the option `errors.escapeHtml` is set to true.
+     *
+     * @default {}
+     */
+    messages?: LanguageMessages;
+  }
 
-    interface TopLevelDomainOptions {
-        /**
-         * - `true` to use the IANA list of registered TLDs. This is the default value.
-         * - `false` to allow any TLD not listed in the `deny` list, if present.
-         * - A `Set` or array of the allowed TLDs. Cannot be used together with `deny`.
-         */
-        allow?: Set<string> | string[] | boolean;
-        /**
-         * - A `Set` or array of the forbidden TLDs. Cannot be used together with a custom `allow` list.
-         */
-        deny?: Set<string> | string[];
-    }
+  interface AsyncValidationOptions extends ValidationOptions {
+    /**
+     * when true, artifacts are returned alongside the value (i.e. `{ value, artifacts }`)
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    artifacts?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * when true, warnings are returned alongside the value (i.e. `{ value, warning }`).
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    warnings?: boolean;
+  }
 
-    interface HierarchySeparatorOptions {
-        /**
-         * overrides the default `.` hierarchy separator. Set to false to treat the key as a literal value.
-         *
-         * @default '.'
-         */
-        separator?: string | false;
-    }
+  interface LanguageMessageTemplate {
+    source: string;
+    rendered: string;
+  }
 
-    interface DependencyOptions extends HierarchySeparatorOptions {
-        /**
-         * overrides the default check for a present value.
-         *
-         * @default (resolved) => resolved !== undefined
-         */
-        isPresent?: (resolved: any) => boolean;
-    }
+  interface ErrorValidationOptions extends BaseValidationOptions {
+    messages?: Record<string, LanguageMessageTemplate>;
+  }
 
-    interface EmailOptions {
-        /**
-         * if `true`, domains ending with a `.` character are permitted
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        allowFullyQualified?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * If `true`, Unicode characters are permitted
-         *
-         * @default true
-         */
-        allowUnicode?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * if `true`, ignore invalid email length errors.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        ignoreLength?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * if true, allows multiple email addresses in a single string, separated by , or the separator characters.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        multiple?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * when multiple is true, overrides the default , separator. String can be a single character or multiple separator characters.
-         *
-         * @default ','
-         */
-        separator?: string | string[];
-        /**
-         * Options for TLD (top level domain) validation. By default, the TLD must be a valid name listed on the [IANA registry](http://data.iana.org/TLD/tlds-alpha-by-domain.txt)
-         *
-         * @default { allow: true }
-         */
-        tlds?: TopLevelDomainOptions | false;
-        /**
-         * Number of segments required for the domain. Be careful since some domains, such as `io`, directly allow email.
-         *
-         * @default 2
-         */
-        minDomainSegments?: number;
-        /**
-         * The maximum number of domain segments (e.g. `x.y.z` has 3 segments) allowed. Defaults to no limit.
-         *
-         * @default Infinity
-         */
-        maxDomainSegments?: number;
-    }
+  interface RenameOptions {
+    /**
+     * if true, does not delete the old key name, keeping both the new and old keys in place.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    alias?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * if true, allows renaming multiple keys to the same destination where the last rename wins.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    multiple?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * if true, allows renaming a key over an existing key.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    override?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * if true, skip renaming of a key if it's undefined.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    ignoreUndefined?: boolean;
+  }
 
-    interface DomainOptions {
-        /**
-         * if `true`, domains ending with a `.` character are permitted
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        allowFullyQualified?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * If `true`, Unicode characters are permitted
-         *
-         * @default true
-         */
-        allowUnicode?: boolean;
+  interface TopLevelDomainOptions {
+    /**
+     * - `true` to use the IANA list of registered TLDs. This is the default value.
+     * - `false` to allow any TLD not listed in the `deny` list, if present.
+     * - A `Set` or array of the allowed TLDs. Cannot be used together with `deny`.
+     */
+    allow?: Set<string> | string[] | boolean;
+    /**
+     * - A `Set` or array of the forbidden TLDs. Cannot be used together with a custom `allow` list.
+     */
+    deny?: Set<string> | string[];
+  }
 
-        /**
-         * Options for TLD (top level domain) validation. By default, the TLD must be a valid name listed on the [IANA registry](http://data.iana.org/TLD/tlds-alpha-by-domain.txt)
-         *
-         * @default { allow: true }
-         */
-        tlds?: TopLevelDomainOptions | false;
-        /**
-         * Number of segments required for the domain.
-         *
-         * @default 2
-         */
-        minDomainSegments?: number;
-        /**
-         * The maximum number of domain segments (e.g. `x.y.z` has 3 segments) allowed. Defaults to no limit.
-         *
-         * @default Infinity
-         */
-        maxDomainSegments?: number;
-    }
+  interface HierarchySeparatorOptions {
+    /**
+     * overrides the default `.` hierarchy separator. Set to false to treat the key as a literal value.
+     *
+     * @default '.'
+     */
+    separator?: string | false;
+  }
 
-    interface HexOptions {
-        /**
-         * hex decoded representation must be byte aligned.
-         * @default false
-         */
-        byteAligned?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * controls whether the prefix `0x` or `0X` is allowed (or required) on hex strings.
-         * When `true`, the prefix must be provided.
-         * When `false`, the prefix is forbidden.
-         * When `optional`, the prefix is allowed but not required.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        prefix?: boolean | 'optional';
-    }
+  interface DependencyOptions extends HierarchySeparatorOptions {
+    /**
+     * overrides the default check for a present value.
+     *
+     * @default (resolved) => resolved !== undefined
+     */
+    isPresent?: (resolved: any) => boolean;
+  }
 
-    interface IpOptions {
-        /**
-         * One or more IP address versions to validate against. Valid values: ipv4, ipv6, ipvfuture
-         */
-        version?: string | string[];
-        /**
-         * Used to determine if a CIDR is allowed or not. Valid values: optional, required, forbidden
-         */
-        cidr?: PresenceMode;
-    }
+  interface EmailOptions {
+    /**
+     * if `true`, domains ending with a `.` character are permitted
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    allowFullyQualified?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * If `true`, Unicode characters are permitted
+     *
+     * @default true
+     */
+    allowUnicode?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * If `true`, underscores (`_`) are allowed in the domain name
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    allowUnderscore?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * if `true`, ignore invalid email length errors.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    ignoreLength?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * if true, allows multiple email addresses in a single string, separated by , or the separator characters.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    multiple?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * when multiple is true, overrides the default , separator. String can be a single character or multiple separator characters.
+     *
+     * @default ','
+     */
+    separator?: string | string[];
+    /**
+     * Options for TLD (top level domain) validation. By default, the TLD must be a valid name listed on the [IANA registry](http://data.iana.org/TLD/tlds-alpha-by-domain.txt)
+     *
+     * @default { allow: true }
+     */
+    tlds?: TopLevelDomainOptions | false;
+    /**
+     * Number of segments required for the domain. Be careful since some domains, such as `io`, directly allow email.
+     *
+     * @default 2
+     */
+    minDomainSegments?: number;
+    /**
+     * The maximum number of domain segments (e.g. `x.y.z` has 3 segments) allowed. Defaults to no limit.
+     *
+     * @default Infinity
+     */
+    maxDomainSegments?: number;
+  }
 
-    type GuidVersions = 'uuidv1' | 'uuidv2' | 'uuidv3' | 'uuidv4' | 'uuidv5' | 'uuidv6' | 'uuidv7' | 'uuidv8';
+  interface DomainOptions {
+    /**
+     * if `true`, domains ending with a `.` character are permitted
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    allowFullyQualified?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * If `true`, Unicode characters are permitted
+     *
+     * @default true
+     */
+    allowUnicode?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * If `true`, underscores (`_`) are allowed in the domain name
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    allowUnderscore?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * Options for TLD (top level domain) validation. By default, the TLD must be a valid name listed on the [IANA registry](http://data.iana.org/TLD/tlds-alpha-by-domain.txt)
+     *
+     * @default { allow: true }
+     */
+    tlds?: TopLevelDomainOptions | false;
+    /**
+     * Number of segments required for the domain.
+     *
+     * @default 2
+     */
+    minDomainSegments?: number;
+    /**
+     * The maximum number of domain segments (e.g. `x.y.z` has 3 segments) allowed. Defaults to no limit.
+     *
+     * @default Infinity
+     */
+    maxDomainSegments?: number;
+  }
 
-    interface GuidOptions {
-        version?: GuidVersions[] | GuidVersions;
-        separator?: boolean | '-' | ':';
-    }
+  interface HexOptions {
+    /**
+     * hex decoded representation must be byte aligned.
+     * @default false
+     */
+    byteAligned?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * controls whether the prefix `0x` or `0X` is allowed (or required) on hex strings.
+     * When `true`, the prefix must be provided.
+     * When `false`, the prefix is forbidden.
+     * When `optional`, the prefix is allowed but not required.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    prefix?: boolean | "optional";
+  }
 
-    interface UriOptions {
-        /**
-         * Specifies one or more acceptable Schemes, should only include the scheme name.
-         * Can be an Array or String (strings are automatically escaped for use in a Regular Expression).
-         */
-        scheme?: string | RegExp | Array<string | RegExp>;
-        /**
-         * Allow relative URIs.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        allowRelative?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * Restrict only relative URIs.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        relativeOnly?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * Allows unencoded square brackets inside the query string.
-         * This is NOT RFC 3986 compliant but query strings like abc[]=123&abc[]=456 are very common these days.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        allowQuerySquareBrackets?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * Validate the domain component using the options specified in `string.domain()`.
-         */
-        domain?: DomainOptions;
-        /**
-         * Encode URI before validation.
-         * 
-         * @default false
-         */
-        encodeUri?: boolean;
-    }
+  interface IpOptions {
+    /**
+     * One or more IP address versions to validate against. Valid values: ipv4, ipv6, ipvfuture
+     */
+    version?: string | string[];
+    /**
+     * Used to determine if a CIDR is allowed or not. Valid values: optional, required, forbidden
+     */
+    cidr?: PresenceMode;
+  }
+
+  type GuidVersions =
+    | "uuidv1"
+    | "uuidv2"
+    | "uuidv3"
+    | "uuidv4"
+    | "uuidv5"
+    | "uuidv6"
+    | "uuidv7"
+    | "uuidv8";
+
+  interface GuidOptions {
+    version?: GuidVersions[] | GuidVersions;
+    separator?: boolean | "-" | ":";
+    /**
+     * Defines the allowed or required GUID wrapper characters where:
+     * - `undefined` - (default) the GUID can be optionally wrapped with `{}`, `[]`, or `()`. The opening and closing characters must be a matching pair.
+     * - `true` - the GUID must be wrapped with `{}`, `[]`, or `()`. The opening and closing characters must be a matching pair.
+     * - `false` - wrapper characters are not allowed.
+     * - `'['`, `'{'`, or `'('` - a specific wrapper is required (e.g., if `wrapper` is `'['`, the GUID must be enclosed in square brackets).
+     */
+    wrapper?: true | false | "[" | "{" | "(" | undefined;
+  }
 
-    interface DataUriOptions {
-        /**
-         * optional parameter defaulting to true which will require `=` padding if true or make padding optional if false
-         *
-         * @default true
-         */
-        paddingRequired?: boolean;
-    }
+  interface UriOptions {
+    /**
+     * Specifies one or more acceptable Schemes, should only include the scheme name.
+     * Can be an Array or String (strings are automatically escaped for use in a Regular Expression).
+     */
+    scheme?: string | RegExp | Array<string | RegExp>;
+    /**
+     * Allow relative URIs.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    allowRelative?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * Restrict only relative URIs.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    relativeOnly?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * Allows unencoded square brackets inside the query string.
+     * This is NOT RFC 3986 compliant but query strings like abc[]=123&abc[]=456 are very common these days.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    allowQuerySquareBrackets?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * Validate the domain component using the options specified in `string.domain()`.
+     */
+    domain?: DomainOptions;
+    /**
+     * Encode URI before validation.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    encodeUri?: boolean;
+  }
 
-    interface Base64Options extends Pick<DataUriOptions, 'paddingRequired'> {
-        /**
-         * if true, uses the URI-safe base64 format which replaces `+` with `-` and `\` with `_`.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        urlSafe?: boolean;
-    }
+  interface DataUriOptions {
+    /**
+     * optional parameter defaulting to true which will require `=` padding if true or make padding optional if false
+     *
+     * @default true
+     */
+    paddingRequired?: boolean;
+  }
 
-    interface SwitchCases {
-        /**
-         * the required condition joi type.
-         */
-        is: SchemaLike;
-        /**
-         * the alternative schema type if the condition is true.
-         */
-        then: SchemaLike;
-    }
+  interface Base64Options extends Pick<DataUriOptions, "paddingRequired"> {
+    /**
+     * if true, uses the URI-safe base64 format which replaces `+` with `-` and `\` with `_`.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    urlSafe?: boolean;
+  }
 
-    interface SwitchDefault {
-        /**
-         * the alternative schema type if no cases matched.
-         * Only one otherwise statement is allowed in switch as the last array item.
-         */
-        otherwise: SchemaLike;
-    }
+  interface SwitchCases {
+    /**
+     * the required condition joi type.
+     */
+    is: SchemaLike;
+    /**
+     * the alternative schema type if the condition is true.
+     */
+    then: SchemaLike;
+  }
 
-    interface WhenOptions {
-        /**
-         * the required condition joi type.
-         */
-        is?: SchemaLike;
+  interface SwitchDefault {
+    /**
+     * the alternative schema type if no cases matched.
+     * Only one otherwise statement is allowed in switch as the last array item.
+     */
+    otherwise: SchemaLike;
+  }
 
-        /**
-         * the negative version of `is` (`then` and `otherwise` have reverse
-         * roles).
-         */
-        not?: SchemaLike;
+  interface WhenOptions<ThenSchema = any, OtherwiseSchema = any> {
+    /**
+     * the required condition joi type.
+     */
+    is?: SchemaLike;
 
-        /**
-         * the alternative schema type if the condition is true. Required if otherwise or switch are missing.
-         */
-        then?: SchemaLike;
+    /**
+     * the negative version of `is` (`then` and `otherwise` have reverse
+     * roles).
+     */
+    not?: SchemaLike;
 
-        /**
-         * the alternative schema type if the condition is false. Required if then or switch are missing.
-         */
-        otherwise?: SchemaLike;
+    /**
+     * the alternative schema type if the condition is true. Required if otherwise or switch are missing.
+     */
+    then?: SchemaLike<ThenSchema>;
 
-        /**
-         * the list of cases. Required if then is missing.  Required if then or otherwise are missing.
-         */
-        switch?: Array<SwitchCases | SwitchDefault>;
+    /**
+     * the alternative schema type if the condition is false. Required if then or switch are missing.
+     */
+    otherwise?: SchemaLike<OtherwiseSchema>;
 
-        /**
-         * whether to stop applying further conditions if the condition is true.
-         */
-        break?: boolean;
-    }
+    /**
+     * the list of cases. Required if then is missing.  Required if then or otherwise are missing.
+     */
+    switch?: Array<SwitchCases | SwitchDefault>;
 
-    interface WhenSchemaOptions {
-        /**
-         * the alternative schema type if the condition is true. Required if otherwise is missing.
-         */
-        then?: SchemaLike;
-        /**
-         * the alternative schema type if the condition is false. Required if then is missing.
-         */
-        otherwise?: SchemaLike;
-    }
+    /**
+     * whether to stop applying further conditions if the condition is true.
+     */
+    break?: boolean;
+  }
 
-    interface Cache {
-        /**
-         * Add an item to the cache.
-         *
-         * Note that key and value can be anything including objects, array, etc.
-         */
-        set(key: any, value: any): void;
+  interface WhenSchemaOptions<ThenSchema = any, OtherwiseSchema = any> {
+    /**
+     * the alternative schema type if the condition is true. Required if otherwise is missing.
+     */
+    then?: SchemaLike<ThenSchema>;
+    /**
+     * the alternative schema type if the condition is false. Required if then is missing.
+     */
+    otherwise?: SchemaLike<OtherwiseSchema>;
+  }
 
-        /**
-         * Retrieve an item from the cache.
-         *
-         * Note that key and value can be anything including objects, array, etc.
-         */
-        get(key: any): any;
-    }
-    interface CacheProvisionOptions {
-        /**
-         * number of items to store in the cache before the least used items are dropped.
-         *
-         * @default 1000
-         */
-        max: number;
-    }
+  interface Cache {
+    /**
+     * Add an item to the cache.
+     *
+     * Note that key and value can be anything including objects, array, etc.
+     */
+    set(key: any, value: any): void;
 
-    interface CacheConfiguration {
-        /**
-         * Provisions a simple LRU cache for caching simple inputs (`undefined`, `null`, strings, numbers, and booleans).
-         */
-        provision(options?: CacheProvisionOptions): void;
-    }
+    /**
+     * Retrieve an item from the cache.
+     *
+     * Note that key and value can be anything including objects, array, etc.
+     */
+    get(key: any): any;
+  }
+  interface CacheProvisionOptions {
+    /**
+     * number of items to store in the cache before the least used items are dropped.
+     *
+     * @default 1000
+     */
+    max: number;
+  }
 
-    interface CompileOptions {
-        /**
-         * If true and the provided schema is (or contains parts) using an older version of joi, will return a compiled schema that is compatible with the older version.
-         * If false, the schema is always compiled using the current version and if older schema components are found, an error is thrown.
-         */
-        legacy: boolean;
-    }
+  interface CacheConfiguration {
+    /**
+     * Provisions a simple LRU cache for caching simple inputs (`undefined`, `null`, strings, numbers, and booleans).
+     */
+    provision(options?: CacheProvisionOptions): void;
+  }
 
-    interface IsSchemaOptions {
-        /**
-         * If true, will identify schemas from older versions of joi, otherwise will throw an error.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        legacy: boolean;
-    }
+  interface CompileOptions {
+    /**
+     * If true and the provided schema is (or contains parts) using an older version of joi, will return a compiled schema that is compatible with the older version.
+     * If false, the schema is always compiled using the current version and if older schema components are found, an error is thrown.
+     */
+    legacy: boolean;
+  }
 
-    interface ReferenceOptions extends HierarchySeparatorOptions {
-        /**
-         * a function with the signature `function(value)` where `value` is the resolved reference value and the return value is the adjusted value to use.
-         * Note that the adjust feature will not perform any type validation on the adjusted value and it must match the value expected by the rule it is used in.
-         * Cannot be used with `map`.
-         *
-         * @example `(value) => value + 5`
-         */
-        adjust?: (value: any) => any;
+  interface IsSchemaOptions {
+    /**
+     * If true, will identify schemas from older versions of joi, otherwise will throw an error.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    legacy: boolean;
+  }
 
-        /**
-         * an array of array pairs using the format `[[key, value], [key, value]]` used to maps the resolved reference value to another value.
-         * If the resolved value is not in the map, it is returned as-is.
-         * Cannot be used with `adjust`.
-         */
-        map?: Array<[any, any]>;
+  interface ReferenceOptions extends HierarchySeparatorOptions {
+    /**
+     * a function with the signature `function(value)` where `value` is the resolved reference value and the return value is the adjusted value to use.
+     * Note that the adjust feature will not perform any type validation on the adjusted value and it must match the value expected by the rule it is used in.
+     * Cannot be used with `map`.
+     *
+     * @example `(value) => value + 5`
+     */
+    adjust?: (value: any) => any;
 
-        /**
-         * overrides default prefix characters.
-         */
-        prefix?: {
-            /**
-             * references to the globally provided context preference.
-             *
-             * @default '$'
-             */
-            global?: string;
-
-            /**
-             * references to error-specific or rule specific context.
-             *
-             * @default '#'
-             */
-            local?: string;
-
-            /**
-             * references to the root value being validated.
-             *
-             * @default '/'
-             */
-            root?: string;
-        };
+    /**
+     * an array of array pairs using the format `[[key, value], [key, value]]` used to maps the resolved reference value to another value.
+     * If the resolved value is not in the map, it is returned as-is.
+     * Cannot be used with `adjust`.
+     */
+    map?: Array<[any, any]>;
 
-        /**
-         * If set to a number, sets the reference relative starting point.
-         * Cannot be combined with separator prefix characters.
-         * Defaults to the reference key prefix (or 1 if none present)
-         */
-        ancestor?: number;
+    /**
+     * overrides default prefix characters.
+     */
+    prefix?: {
+      /**
+       * references to the globally provided context preference.
+       *
+       * @default '$'
+       */
+      global?: string;
+
+      /**
+       * references to error-specific or rule specific context.
+       *
+       * @default '#'
+       */
+      local?: string;
+
+      /**
+       * references to the root value being validated.
+       *
+       * @default '/'
+       */
+      root?: string;
+    };
 
-        /**
-         * creates an in-reference.
-         */
-        in?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * If set to a number, sets the reference relative starting point.
+     * Cannot be combined with separator prefix characters.
+     * Defaults to the reference key prefix (or 1 if none present)
+     */
+    ancestor?: number;
 
-        /**
-         * when true, the reference resolves by reaching into maps and sets.
-         */
-        iterables?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * creates an in-reference.
+     */
+    in?: boolean;
 
-        /**
-         * when true, the value of the reference is used instead of its name in error messages
-         * and template rendering. Defaults to false.
-         */
-        render?: boolean;
-    }
+    /**
+     * when true, the reference resolves by reaching into maps and sets.
+     */
+    iterables?: boolean;
 
-    interface StringRegexOptions {
-        /**
-         * optional pattern name.
-         */
-        name?: string;
+    /**
+     * when true, the value of the reference is used instead of its name in error messages
+     * and template rendering. Defaults to false.
+     */
+    render?: boolean;
+  }
 
-        /**
-         * when true, the provided pattern will be disallowed instead of required.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        invert?: boolean;
-    }
+  interface StringRegexOptions {
+    /**
+     * optional pattern name.
+     */
+    name?: string;
 
-    interface RuleOptions {
-        /**
-         * if true, the rules will not be replaced by the same unique rule later.
-         *
-         * For example, `Joi.number().min(1).rule({ keep: true }).min(2)` will keep both `min()` rules instead of the later rule overriding the first.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        keep?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * when true, the provided pattern will be disallowed instead of required.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    invert?: boolean;
+  }
 
-        /**
-         * a single message string or a messages object where each key is an error code and corresponding message string as value.
-         *
-         * The object is the same as the messages used as an option in `any.validate()`.
-         * The strings can be plain messages or a message template.
-         */
-        message?: string | LanguageMessages;
+  interface RuleOptions {
+    /**
+     * if true, the rules will not be replaced by the same unique rule later.
+     *
+     * For example, `Joi.number().min(1).rule({ keep: true }).min(2)` will keep both `min()` rules instead of the later rule overriding the first.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    keep?: boolean;
 
-        /**
-         * if true, turns any error generated by the ruleset to warnings.
-         */
-        warn?: boolean;
-    }
+    /**
+     * a single message string or a messages object where each key is an error code and corresponding message string as value.
+     *
+     * The object is the same as the messages used as an option in `any.validate()`.
+     * The strings can be plain messages or a message template.
+     */
+    message?: string | LanguageMessages;
 
-    interface ErrorReport extends Error {
-        code: string;
-        flags: Record<string, ExtensionFlag>;
-        path: string[];
-        prefs: ErrorValidationOptions;
-        messages: LanguageMessages;
-        state: State;
-        value: any;
-        local: any;
-    }
+    /**
+     * if true, turns any error generated by the ruleset to warnings.
+     */
+    warn?: boolean;
+  }
+
+  interface ErrorReport extends Error {
+    code: string;
+    flags: Record<string, ExtensionFlag>;
+    path: string[];
+    prefs: ErrorValidationOptions;
+    messages: LanguageMessages;
+    state: State;
+    value: any;
+    local: any;
+  }
 
-    interface ValidationError extends Error {
-        name: 'ValidationError';
+  interface ValidationError extends Error {
+    name: "ValidationError";
 
-        isJoi: boolean;
+    isJoi: boolean;
 
-        /**
-         * array of errors.
-         */
-        details: ValidationErrorItem[];
+    /**
+     * array of errors.
+     */
+    details: ValidationErrorItem[];
 
-        /**
-         * function that returns a string with an annotated version of the object pointing at the places where errors occurred.
-         *
-         * NOTE: This method does not exist in browser builds of Joi
-         *
-         * @param stripColors - if truthy, will strip the colors out of the output.
-         */
-        annotate(stripColors?: boolean): string;
+    /**
+     * function that returns a string with an annotated version of the object pointing at the places where errors occurred.
+     *
+     * NOTE: This method does not exist in browser builds of Joi
+     *
+     * @param stripColors - if truthy, will strip the colors out of the output.
+     */
+    annotate(stripColors?: boolean): string;
 
-        _original: any;
-    }
+    _original: any;
+  }
 
-    interface ValidationErrorItem {
-        message: string;
-        path: Array<string | number>;
-        type: string;
-        context?: Context;
-    }
+  interface ValidationErrorItem {
+    message: string;
+    path: Array<string | number>;
+    type: string;
+    context?: Context;
+  }
 
-    type ValidationErrorFunction = (errors: ErrorReport[]) => string | ValidationErrorItem | Error | ErrorReport[];
+  type ValidationErrorFunction = (
+    errors: ErrorReport[]
+  ) => string | ValidationErrorItem | Error | ErrorReport[];
 
-    interface ValidationWarning {
-        message: string;
+  interface ValidationWarning {
+    message: string;
 
-        details: ValidationErrorItem[];
-    }
+    details: ValidationErrorItem[];
+  }
 
-    type ValidationResult<TSchema = any> = {
+  type ValidationResult<TSchema = any> =
+    | {
         error: undefined;
         warning?: ValidationError;
         value: TSchema;
-    } | {
+      }
+    | {
         error: ValidationError;
         warning?: ValidationError;
         value: any;
-    }
+      };
 
-    interface CreateErrorOptions {
-        flags?: boolean;
-        messages?: LanguageMessages;
-    }
+  interface CreateErrorOptions {
+    flags?: boolean;
+    messages?: LanguageMessages;
+  }
 
-    interface ModifyOptions {
-        each?: boolean;
-        once?: boolean;
-        ref?: boolean;
-        schema?: boolean;
-    }
+  interface ModifyOptions {
+    each?: boolean;
+    once?: boolean;
+    ref?: boolean;
+    schema?: boolean;
+  }
 
-    interface MutateRegisterOptions {
-        family?: any;
-        key?: any;
-    }
+  interface MutateRegisterOptions {
+    family?: any;
+    key?: any;
+  }
 
-    interface SetFlagOptions {
-        clone: boolean;
-    }
+  interface SetFlagOptions {
+    clone: boolean;
+  }
 
-    interface CustomHelpers<V = any> {
-        schema: ExtensionBoundSchema;
-        state: State;
-        prefs: ValidationOptions;
-        original: V;
-        warn: (code: string, local?: Context) => void;
-        error: (code: string, local?: Context, localState?: State) => ErrorReport;
-        message: (messages: LanguageMessages, local?: Context) => ErrorReport;
-    }
+  interface CustomHelpers<V = any> {
+    schema: ExtensionBoundSchema;
+    state: State;
+    prefs: ValidationOptions;
+    original: V;
+    warn: (code: string, local?: Context) => void;
+    error: (code: string, local?: Context, localState?: State) => ErrorReport;
+    message: (messages: LanguageMessages, local?: Context) => ErrorReport;
+  }
 
-    type CustomValidator<V = any, R = V> = (value: V, helpers: CustomHelpers<R>) => R | ErrorReport;
-
-    interface ExternalHelpers<V = any> {
-        schema: ExtensionBoundSchema;
-        linked: ExtensionBoundSchema | null;
-        state: State;
-        prefs: ValidationOptions;
-        original: V;
-        warn: (code: string, local?: Context) => void;
-        error: (code: string, local?: Context) => ErrorReport;
-        message: (messages: LanguageMessages, local?: Context) => ErrorReport;
-    }
+  type CustomValidator<V = any, R = V> = (
+    value: V,
+    helpers: CustomHelpers<R>
+  ) => R | ErrorReport;
 
-    type ExternalValidationFunction<V = any, R = V> = (value: V, helpers: ExternalHelpers<R>) => R | undefined;
-
-    type SchemaLikeWithoutArray = string | number | boolean | null | Schema | SchemaMap;
-    type SchemaLike = SchemaLikeWithoutArray | object;
-
-    type NullableType<T> = undefined | null | T
-
-    type IsPrimitiveSubset<T> =
-        [T] extends [string]
-        ? true
-        : [T] extends [number]
-        ? true
-        : [T] extends [bigint]
-        ? true
-        : [T] extends [boolean]
-        ? true
-        : [T] extends [symbol]
-        ? true
-        : [T] extends [null]
-        ? true
-        : [T] extends [undefined]
-        ? true
-        : false;
-
-    type IsUnion<T, U extends T = T> =
-      T extends unknown ? [U] extends [T] ? false : true : false;
-
-    type IsNonPrimitiveSubsetUnion<T> = true extends IsUnion<T> ? true extends IsPrimitiveSubset<T> ? false : true : false;
-
-    type ObjectPropertiesSchema<T = any> =
-        true extends IsNonPrimitiveSubsetUnion<Exclude<T, undefined | null>>
-        ? Joi.AlternativesSchema
-        : T extends NullableType<string>
-        ? Joi.StringSchema
-        : T extends NullableType<number>
-        ? Joi.NumberSchema
-        : T extends NullableType<bigint>
-        ? Joi.NumberSchema
-        : T extends NullableType<boolean>
-        ? Joi.BooleanSchema
-        : T extends NullableType<Date>
-        ? Joi.DateSchema
-        : T extends NullableType<Buffer>
-        ? Joi.BinarySchema
-        : T extends NullableType<Array<any>>
-        ? Joi.ArraySchema
-        : T extends NullableType<object>
-        ? (StrictSchemaMap<T> | ObjectSchema<T>)
-        : never
-
-    type PartialSchemaMap<TSchema = any> = {
-        [key in keyof TSchema]?: SchemaLike | SchemaLike[];
-    }
+  interface ExternalHelpers<V = any> {
+    schema: ExtensionBoundSchema;
+    linked: ExtensionBoundSchema | null;
+    state: State;
+    prefs: ValidationOptions;
+    original: V;
+    warn: (code: string, local?: Context) => void;
+    error: (code: string, local?: Context) => ErrorReport;
+    message: (messages: LanguageMessages, local?: Context) => ErrorReport;
+  }
+
+  type ExternalValidationFunction<V = any, R = V> = (
+    value: V,
+    helpers: ExternalHelpers<R>
+  ) => R | undefined;
+
+  type Primitives = string | number | boolean | bigint | symbol | null;
+
+  type SchemaLikeWithoutArray<TSchema = any> = Exclude<
+    Primitives | Schema<TSchema> | SchemaMap<TSchema>,
+    any[]
+  >;
+  type SchemaLike<TSchema = any> = SchemaLikeWithoutArray<TSchema> | object;
+
+  type NullableType<T> = undefined | null | T;
+
+  type IsPrimitiveSubset<T> = [T] extends [string]
+    ? true
+    : [T] extends [number]
+    ? true
+    : [T] extends [bigint]
+    ? true
+    : [T] extends [boolean]
+    ? true
+    : [T] extends [symbol]
+    ? true
+    : [T] extends [null]
+    ? true
+    : [T] extends [undefined]
+    ? true
+    : false;
+
+  type IsUnion<T, U extends T = T> = T extends unknown
+    ? [U] extends [T]
+      ? false
+      : true
+    : false;
+
+  type IsNonPrimitiveSubsetUnion<T> = true extends IsUnion<T>
+    ? true extends IsPrimitiveSubset<T>
+      ? false
+      : true
+    : false;
+
+  type ObjectPropertiesSchema<T = any> = true extends IsNonPrimitiveSubsetUnion<
+    Exclude<T, undefined | null>
+  >
+    ? Joi.AlternativesSchema
+    : T extends NullableType<string>
+    ? Joi.StringSchema
+    : T extends NullableType<number>
+    ? Joi.NumberSchema
+    : T extends NullableType<bigint>
+    ? Joi.NumberSchema
+    : T extends NullableType<boolean>
+    ? Joi.BooleanSchema
+    : T extends NullableType<Date>
+    ? Joi.DateSchema
+    : T extends NullableType<Buffer>
+    ? Joi.BinarySchema
+    : T extends NullableType<Array<any>>
+    ? Joi.ArraySchema
+    : T extends NullableType<object>
+    ? StrictSchemaMap<T> | ObjectSchema<T>
+    : never;
+
+  type PartialSchemaMap<TSchema = any> = {
+    [key in keyof TSchema]?: SchemaLike | SchemaLike[];
+  };
 
-    type StrictSchemaMap<TSchema = any> =  {
-        [key in keyof TSchema]-?: ObjectPropertiesSchema<TSchema[key]>
+  type StrictSchemaMap<TSchema = any> = {
+    [key in keyof TSchema]-?: ObjectPropertiesSchema<TSchema[key]>;
+  };
+
+  type SchemaMap<TSchema = any, isStrict = false> = isStrict extends true
+    ? StrictSchemaMap<TSchema>
+    : PartialSchemaMap<TSchema>;
+
+  type Schema<P = any> =
+    | AnySchema<P>
+    | ArraySchema<P>
+    | AlternativesSchema<P>
+    | BinarySchema<P>
+    | BooleanSchema<P>
+    | DateSchema<P>
+    | FunctionSchema<P>
+    | NumberSchema<P>
+    | ObjectSchema<P>
+    | StringSchema<P>
+    | LinkSchema<P>
+    | SymbolSchema<P>;
+
+  type SchemaFunction = (schema: Schema) => Schema;
+
+  interface AddRuleOptions {
+    name: string;
+    args?: {
+      [key: string]: any;
     };
+  }
 
-    type SchemaMap<TSchema = any, isStrict = false> = isStrict extends true ? StrictSchemaMap<TSchema> : PartialSchemaMap<TSchema>
-
-    type Schema<P = any> =
-        | AnySchema<P>
-        | ArraySchema<P>
-        | AlternativesSchema<P>
-        | BinarySchema<P>
-        | BooleanSchema<P>
-        | DateSchema<P>
-        | FunctionSchema<P>
-        | NumberSchema<P>
-        | ObjectSchema<P>
-        | StringSchema<P>
-        | LinkSchema<P>
-        | SymbolSchema<P>;
-
-    type SchemaFunction = (schema: Schema) => Schema;
-
-    interface AddRuleOptions {
-        name: string;
-        args?: {
-            [key: string]: any;
-        };
-    }
-
-    interface GetRuleOptions {
-        args?: Record<string, any>;
-        method?: string;
-        name: string;
-        operator?: string;
-    }
+  interface GetRuleOptions {
+    args?: Record<string, any>;
+    method?: string;
+    name: string;
+    operator?: string;
+  }
 
-    interface SchemaInternals {
-        /**
-         * Parent schema object.
-         */
-        $_super: Schema;
+  interface SchemaInternals {
+    /**
+     * Parent schema object.
+     */
+    $_super: Schema;
 
-        /**
-         * Terms of current schema.
-         */
-        $_terms: Record<string, any>;
+    /**
+     * Terms of current schema.
+     */
+    $_terms: Record<string, any>;
 
-        /**
-         * Adds a rule to current validation schema.
-         */
-        $_addRule(rule: string | AddRuleOptions): Schema;
+    /**
+     * Adds a rule to current validation schema.
+     */
+    $_addRule(rule: string | AddRuleOptions): Schema;
 
-        /**
-         * Internally compiles schema.
-         */
-        $_compile(schema: SchemaLike, options?: CompileOptions): Schema;
+    /**
+     * Internally compiles schema.
+     */
+    $_compile(schema: SchemaLike, options?: CompileOptions): Schema;
 
-        /**
-         * Creates a joi error object.
-         */
-        $_createError(
-            code: string,
-            value: any,
-            context: Context,
-            state: State,
-            prefs: ValidationOptions,
-            options?: CreateErrorOptions,
-        ): Err;
+    /**
+     * Creates a joi error object.
+     */
+    $_createError(
+      code: string,
+      value: any,
+      context: Context,
+      state: State,
+      prefs: ValidationOptions,
+      options?: CreateErrorOptions
+    ): Err;
 
-        /**
-         * Get value from given flag.
-         */
-        $_getFlag(name: string): any;
+    /**
+     * Get value from given flag.
+     */
+    $_getFlag(name: string): any;
 
-        /**
-         * Retrieve some rule configuration.
-         */
-        $_getRule(name: string): GetRuleOptions | undefined;
+    /**
+     * Retrieve some rule configuration.
+     */
+    $_getRule(name: string): GetRuleOptions | undefined;
 
-        $_mapLabels(path: string | string[]): string;
+    $_mapLabels(path: string | string[]): string;
 
-        /**
-         * Returns true if validations runs fine on given value.
-         */
-        $_match(value: any, state: State, prefs: ValidationOptions): boolean;
+    /**
+     * Returns true if validations runs fine on given value.
+     */
+    $_match(value: any, state: State, prefs: ValidationOptions): boolean;
 
-        $_modify(options?: ModifyOptions): Schema;
+    $_modify(options?: ModifyOptions): Schema;
 
-        /**
-         * Resets current schema.
-         */
-        $_mutateRebuild(): this;
+    /**
+     * Resets current schema.
+     */
+    $_mutateRebuild(): this;
 
-        $_mutateRegister(schema: Schema, options?: MutateRegisterOptions): void;
+    $_mutateRegister(schema: Schema, options?: MutateRegisterOptions): void;
 
-        /**
-         * Get value from given property.
-         */
-        $_property(name: string): any;
+    /**
+     * Get value from given property.
+     */
+    $_property(name: string): any;
 
-        /**
-         * Get schema at given path.
-         */
-        $_reach(path: string[]): Schema;
+    /**
+     * Get schema at given path.
+     */
+    $_reach(path: string[]): Schema;
 
-        /**
-         * Get current schema root references.
-         */
-        $_rootReferences(): any;
+    /**
+     * Get current schema root references.
+     */
+    $_rootReferences(): any;
 
-        /**
-         * Set flag to given value.
-         */
-        $_setFlag(flag: string, value: any, options?: SetFlagOptions): void;
+    /**
+     * Set flag to given value.
+     */
+    $_setFlag(flag: string, value: any, options?: SetFlagOptions): void;
 
-        /**
-         * Runs internal validations against given value.
-         */
-        $_validate(value: any, state: State, prefs: ValidationOptions): ValidationResult;
-    }
+    /**
+     * Runs internal validations against given value.
+     */
+    $_validate(
+      value: any,
+      state: State,
+      prefs: ValidationOptions
+    ): ValidationResult;
+  }
 
-    interface AnySchema<TSchema = any> extends SchemaInternals {
-        /**
-         * Flags of current schema.
-         */
-        _flags: Record<string, any>;
+  interface AnySchema<TSchema = any>
+    extends SchemaInternals,
+      StandardSchemaV1<TSchema> {
+    /**
+     * Flags of current schema.
+     */
+    _flags: Record<string, any>;
 
-        /**
-         * Starts a ruleset in order to apply multiple rule options. The set ends when `rule()`, `keep()`, `message()`, or `warn()` is called.
-         */
-        $: this;
+    /**
+     * Starts a ruleset in order to apply multiple rule options. The set ends when `rule()`, `keep()`, `message()`, or `warn()` is called.
+     */
+    $: this;
 
-        /**
-         * Starts a ruleset in order to apply multiple rule options. The set ends when `rule()`, `keep()`, `message()`, or `warn()` is called.
-         */
-        ruleset: this;
+    /**
+     * Starts a ruleset in order to apply multiple rule options. The set ends when `rule()`, `keep()`, `message()`, or `warn()` is called.
+     */
+    ruleset: this;
 
-        type?: Types | string;
+    type?: Types | string;
 
-        /**
-         * Whitelists a value
-         */
-        allow(...values: any[]): this;
+    /**
+     * Whitelists a value
+     */
+    allow(...values: any[]): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Assign target alteration options to a schema that are applied when `any.tailor()` is called.
-         * @param targets - an object where each key is a target name, and each value is a function that takes an schema and returns an schema.
-         */
-        alter(targets: Record<string, (schema: this) => Schema>): this;
+    /**
+     * Assign target alteration options to a schema that are applied when `any.tailor()` is called.
+     * @param targets - an object where each key is a target name, and each value is a function that takes an schema and returns an schema.
+     */
+    alter(targets: Record<string, (schema: this) => Schema>): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Assigns the schema an artifact id which is included in the validation result if the rule passed validation.
-         * @param id - any value other than undefined which will be returned as-is in the result artifacts map.
-         */
-        artifact(id: any): this;
+    /**
+     * Assigns the schema an artifact id which is included in the validation result if the rule passed validation.
+     * @param id - any value other than undefined which will be returned as-is in the result artifacts map.
+     */
+    artifact(id: any): this;
 
-        /**
-         * By default, some Joi methods to function properly need to rely on the Joi instance they are attached to because
-         * they use `this` internally.
-         * So `Joi.string()` works but if you extract the function from it and call `string()` it won't.
-         * `bind()` creates a new Joi instance where all the functions relying on `this` are bound to the Joi instance.
-         */
-        bind(): this;
+    /**
+     * By default, some Joi methods to function properly need to rely on the Joi instance they are attached to because
+     * they use `this` internally.
+     * So `Joi.string()` works but if you extract the function from it and call `string()` it won't.
+     * `bind()` creates a new Joi instance where all the functions relying on `this` are bound to the Joi instance.
+     */
+    bind(): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Adds caching to the schema which will attempt to cache the validation results (success and failures) of incoming inputs.
-         * If no cache is passed, a default cache is provisioned by using `cache.provision()` internally.
-         */
-        cache(cache?: Cache): this;
+    /**
+     * Adds caching to the schema which will attempt to cache the validation results (success and failures) of incoming inputs.
+     * If no cache is passed, a default cache is provisioned by using `cache.provision()` internally.
+     */
+    cache(cache?: Cache): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Casts the validated value to the specified type.
-         */
-        cast(to: 'map' | 'number' | 'set' | 'string'): this;
+    /**
+     * Casts the validated value to the specified type.
+     */
+    cast(to: "map" | "number" | "set" | "string"): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Returns a new type that is the result of adding the rules of one type to another.
-         */
-        concat(schema: this): this;
+    /**
+     * Returns a new type that is the result of adding the rules of one type to another.
+     */
+    concat(schema: this): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Adds a custom validation function.
-         */
-        custom(fn: CustomValidator, description?: string): this;
+    /**
+     * Adds a custom validation function.
+     */
+    custom(fn: CustomValidator, description?: string): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Sets a default value if the original value is `undefined` where:
-         * @param value - the default value. One of:
-         *    - a literal value (string, number, object, etc.)
-         *    - a [references](#refkey-options)
-         *    - a function which returns the default value using the signature `function(parent, helpers)` where:
-         *        - `parent` - a clone of the object containing the value being validated. Note that since specifying a
-         *          `parent` argument performs cloning, do not declare format arguments if you are not using them.
-         *        - `helpers` - same as those described in [`any.custom()`](anycustomermethod_description)
-         *
-         * When called without any `value` on an object schema type, a default value will be automatically generated
-         * based on the default values of the object keys.
-         *
-         * Note that if value is an object, any changes to the object after `default()` is called will change the
-         *  reference and any future assignment.
-         */
-        default(value?: BasicType | Reference | ((parent: any, helpers: CustomHelpers) => BasicType | Reference)): this;
+    /**
+     * Sets a default value if the original value is `undefined` where:
+     * @param value - the default value. One of:
+     *    - a literal value (string, number, object, etc.)
+     *    - a [references](#refkey-options)
+     *    - a function which returns the default value using the signature `function(parent, helpers)` where:
+     *        - `parent` - a clone of the object containing the value being validated. Note that since specifying a
+     *          `parent` argument performs cloning, do not declare format arguments if you are not using them.
+     *        - `helpers` - same as those described in [`any.custom()`](anycustomermethod_description)
+     *
+     * When called without any `value` on an object schema type, a default value will be automatically generated
+     * based on the default values of the object keys.
+     *
+     * Note that if value is an object, any changes to the object after `default()` is called will change the
+     *  reference and any future assignment.
+     */
+    default(
+      value?:
+        | BasicType
+        | Reference
+        | ((parent: any, helpers: CustomHelpers) => BasicType | Reference)
+    ): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Returns a plain object representing the schema's rules and properties
-         */
-        describe(): Description;
+    /**
+     * Returns a plain object representing the schema's rules and properties
+     */
+    describe(): Description;
 
-        /**
-         * Annotates the key
-         */
-        description(desc: string): this;
+    /**
+     * Annotates the key
+     */
+    description(desc: string): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Disallows values.
-         */
-        disallow(...values: any[]): this;
+    /**
+     * Disallows values.
+     */
+    disallow(...values: any[]): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Considers anything that matches the schema to be empty (undefined).
-         * @param schema - any object or joi schema to match. An undefined schema unsets that rule.
-         */
-        empty(schema?: SchemaLike): this;
+    /**
+     * Considers anything that matches the schema to be empty (undefined). Overrides any previous calls to empty.
+     * @param schema - an object, value, or joi schema to match or an array of objects, values, and joi schemas to match. An undefined schema unsets that rule.
+     */
+    empty(schema?: SchemaLike): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Adds the provided values into the allowed whitelist and marks them as the only valid values allowed.
-         */
-        equal(...values: any[]): this;
+    /**
+     * Adds the provided values into the allowed whitelist and marks them as the only valid values allowed.
+     */
+    equal(...values: any[]): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Overrides the default joi error with a custom error if the rule fails where:
-         * @param err - can be:
-         *   an instance of `Error` - the override error.
-         *   a `function(errors)`, taking an array of errors as argument, where it must either:
-         *    return a `string` - substitutes the error message with this text
-         *    return a single ` object` or an `Array` of it, where:
-         *     `type` - optional parameter providing the type of the error (eg. `number.min`).
-         *     `message` - optional parameter if `template` is provided, containing the text of the error.
-         *     `template` - optional parameter if `message` is provided, containing a template string, using the same format as usual joi language errors.
-         *     `context` - optional parameter, to provide context to your error if you are using the `template`.
-         *    return an `Error` - same as when you directly provide an `Error`, but you can customize the error message based on the errors.
-         *
-         * Note that if you provide an `Error`, it will be returned as-is, unmodified and undecorated with any of the
-         * normal joi error properties. If validation fails and another error is found before the error
-         * override, that error will be returned and the override will be ignored (unless the `abortEarly`
-         * option has been set to `false`).
-         */
-        error(err: Error | ValidationErrorFunction): this;
+    /**
+     * Overrides the default joi error with a custom error if the rule fails where:
+     * @param err - can be:
+     *   an instance of `Error` - the override error.
+     *   a `function(errors)`, taking an array of errors as argument, where it must either:
+     *    return a `string` - substitutes the error message with this text
+     *    return a single ` object` or an `Array` of it, where:
+     *     `type` - optional parameter providing the type of the error (eg. `number.min`).
+     *     `message` - optional parameter if `template` is provided, containing the text of the error.
+     *     `template` - optional parameter if `message` is provided, containing a template string, using the same format as usual joi language errors.
+     *     `context` - optional parameter, to provide context to your error if you are using the `template`.
+     *    return an `Error` - same as when you directly provide an `Error`, but you can customize the error message based on the errors.
+     *
+     * Note that if you provide an `Error`, it will be returned as-is, unmodified and undecorated with any of the
+     * normal joi error properties. If validation fails and another error is found before the error
+     * override, that error will be returned and the override will be ignored (unless the `abortEarly`
+     * option has been set to `false`).
+     */
+    error(err: Error | ValidationErrorFunction): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Annotates the key with an example value, must be valid.
-         */
-        example(value: any, options?: { override: boolean }): this;
+    /**
+     * Annotates the key with an example value, must be valid.
+     */
+    example(value: any, options?: { override: boolean }): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Marks a key as required which will not allow undefined as value. All keys are optional by default.
-         */
-        exist(): this;
+    /**
+     * Marks a key as required which will not allow undefined as value. All keys are optional by default.
+     */
+    exist(): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Adds an external validation rule.
-         *
-         * Note that external validation rules are only called after the all other validation rules for the entire schema (from the value root) are checked.
-         * This means that any changes made to the value by the external rules are not available to any other validation rules during the non-external validation phase.
-         * If schema validation failed, no external validation rules are called.
-         */
-        external(method: ExternalValidationFunction, description?: string): this;
+    /**
+     * Adds an external validation rule.
+     *
+     * Note that external validation rules are only called after the all other validation rules for the entire schema (from the value root) are checked.
+     * This means that any changes made to the value by the external rules are not available to any other validation rules during the non-external validation phase.
+     * If schema validation failed, no external validation rules are called.
+     */
+    external(method: ExternalValidationFunction, description?: string): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Returns a sub-schema based on a path of object keys or schema ids.
-         *
-         * @param path - a dot `.` separated path string or a pre-split array of path keys. The keys must match the sub-schema id or object key (if no id was explicitly set).
-         */
-        extract(path: string | string[]): Schema;
+    /**
+     * Returns a sub-schema based on a path of object keys or schema ids.
+     *
+     * @param path - a dot `.` separated path string or a pre-split array of path keys. The keys must match the sub-schema id or object key (if no id was explicitly set).
+     */
+    extract(path: string | string[]): Schema;
 
-        /**
-         * Sets a failover value if the original value fails passing validation.
-         *
-         * @param value - the failover value. value supports references. value may be assigned a function which returns the default value.
-         *
-         * If value is specified as a function that accepts a single parameter, that parameter will be a context object that can be used to derive the resulting value.
-         * Note that if value is an object, any changes to the object after `failover()` is called will change the reference and any future assignment.
-         * Use a function when setting a dynamic value (e.g. the current time).
-         * Using a function with a single argument performs some internal cloning which has a performance impact.
-         * If you do not need access to the context, define the function without any arguments.
-         */
-        failover(value: any): this;
+    /**
+     * Sets a failover value if the original value fails passing validation.
+     *
+     * @param value - the failover value. value supports references. value may be assigned a function which returns the default value.
+     *
+     * If value is specified as a function that accepts a single parameter, that parameter will be a context object that can be used to derive the resulting value.
+     * Note that if value is an object, any changes to the object after `failover()` is called will change the reference and any future assignment.
+     * Use a function when setting a dynamic value (e.g. the current time).
+     * Using a function with a single argument performs some internal cloning which has a performance impact.
+     * If you do not need access to the context, define the function without any arguments.
+     */
+    failover(value: any): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Marks a key as forbidden which will not allow any value except undefined. Used to explicitly forbid keys.
-         */
-        forbidden(): this;
+    /**
+     * Marks a key as forbidden which will not allow any value except undefined. Used to explicitly forbid keys.
+     */
+    forbidden(): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Returns a new schema where each of the path keys listed have been modified.
-         *
-         * @param key - an array of key strings, a single key string, or an array of arrays of pre-split key strings.
-         * @param adjuster - a function which must return a modified schema.
-         */
-        fork(key: string | string[] | string[][], adjuster: SchemaFunction): this;
+    /**
+     * Returns a new schema where each of the path keys listed have been modified.
+     *
+     * @param key - an array of key strings, a single key string, or an array of arrays of pre-split key strings.
+     * @param adjuster - a function which must return a modified schema.
+     */
+    fork(key: string | string[] | string[][], adjuster: SchemaFunction): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Sets a schema id for reaching into the schema via `any.extract()`.
-         * If no id is set, the schema id defaults to the object key it is associated with.
-         * If the schema is used in an array or alternatives type and no id is set, the schema in unreachable.
-         */
-        id(name?: string): this;
+    /**
+     * Sets a schema id for reaching into the schema via `any.extract()`.
+     * If no id is set, the schema id defaults to the object key it is associated with.
+     * If the schema is used in an array or alternatives type and no id is set, the schema in unreachable.
+     */
+    id(name?: string): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Disallows values.
-         */
-        invalid(...values: any[]): this;
+    /**
+     * Disallows values.
+     */
+    invalid(...values: any[]): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Same as `rule({ keep: true })`.
-         *
-         * Note that `keep()` will terminate the current ruleset and cannot be followed by another rule option.
-         * Use `rule()` to apply multiple rule options.
-         */
-        keep(): this;
+    /**
+     * Returns a boolean indicating whether this schema contains a rule that requires asynchronous validation.
+     */
+    isAsync(): boolean;
 
-        /**
-         * Overrides the key name in error messages.
-         */
-        label(name: string): this;
+    /**
+     * Same as `rule({ keep: true })`.
+     *
+     * Note that `keep()` will terminate the current ruleset and cannot be followed by another rule option.
+     * Use `rule()` to apply multiple rule options.
+     */
+    keep(): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Same as `rule({ message })`.
-         *
-         * Note that `message()` will terminate the current ruleset and cannot be followed by another rule option.
-         * Use `rule()` to apply multiple rule options.
-         */
-        message(message: string): this;
+    /**
+     * Overrides the key name in error messages.
+     */
+    label(name: string): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Same as `any.prefs({ messages })`.
-         * Note that while `any.message()` applies only to the last rule or ruleset, `any.messages()` applies to the entire schema.
-         */
-        messages(messages: LanguageMessages): this;
+    /**
+     * Same as `rule({ message })`.
+     *
+     * Note that `message()` will terminate the current ruleset and cannot be followed by another rule option.
+     * Use `rule()` to apply multiple rule options.
+     */
+    message(message: string): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Attaches metadata to the key.
-         */
-        meta(meta: object): this;
+    /**
+     * Same as `any.prefs({ messages })`.
+     * Note that while `any.message()` applies only to the last rule or ruleset, `any.messages()` applies to the entire schema.
+     */
+    messages(messages: LanguageMessages): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Disallows values.
-         */
-        not(...values: any[]): this;
+    /**
+     * Attaches metadata to the key.
+     */
+    meta(meta: object): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Annotates the key
-         */
-        note(...notes: string[]): this;
+    /**
+     * Disallows values.
+     */
+    not(...values: any[]): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the validated value to match of the provided `any.allow()` values.
-         * It has not effect when called together with `any.valid()` since it already sets the requirements.
-         * When used with `any.allow()` it converts it to an `any.valid()`.
-         */
-        only(): this;
+    /**
+     * Annotates the key
+     */
+    note(...notes: string[]): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Marks a key as optional which will allow undefined as values. Used to annotate the schema for readability as all keys are optional by default.
-         */
-        optional(): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the validated value to match of the provided `any.allow()` values.
+     * It has not effect when called together with `any.valid()` since it already sets the requirements.
+     * When used with `any.allow()` it converts it to an `any.valid()`.
+     */
+    only(): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Overrides the global validate() options for the current key and any sub-key.
-         */
-        options(options: ValidationOptions): this;
+    /**
+     * Marks a key as optional which will allow undefined as values. Used to annotate the schema for readability as all keys are optional by default.
+     */
+    optional(): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Overrides the global validate() options for the current key and any sub-key.
-         */
-        prefs(options: ValidationOptions): this;
+    /**
+     * Overrides the global validate() options for the current key and any sub-key.
+     */
+    options(options: ValidationOptions): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Overrides the global validate() options for the current key and any sub-key.
-         */
-        preferences(options: ValidationOptions): this;
+    /**
+     * Overrides the global validate() options for the current key and any sub-key.
+     */
+    prefs(options: ValidationOptions): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Sets the presence mode for the schema.
-         */
-        presence(mode: PresenceMode): this;
+    /**
+     * Overrides the global validate() options for the current key and any sub-key.
+     */
+    preferences(options: ValidationOptions): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Outputs the original untouched value instead of the casted value.
-         */
-        raw(enabled?: boolean): this;
+    /**
+     * Sets the presence mode for the schema.
+     */
+    presence(mode: PresenceMode): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Marks a key as required which will not allow undefined as value. All keys are optional by default.
-         */
-        required(): this;
+    /**
+     * Outputs the original untouched value instead of the casted value.
+     */
+    raw(enabled?: boolean): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Applies a set of rule options to the current ruleset or last rule added.
-         *
-         * When applying rule options, the last rule (e.g. `min()`) is used unless there is an active ruleset defined (e.g. `$.min().max()`)
-         * in which case the options are applied to all the provided rules.
-         * Once `rule()` is called, the previous rules can no longer be modified and any active ruleset is terminated.
-         *
-         * Rule modifications can only be applied to supported rules.
-         * Most of the `any` methods do not support rule modifications because they are implemented using schema flags (e.g. `required()`) or special
-         * internal implementation (e.g. `valid()`).
-         * In those cases, use the `any.messages()` method to override the error codes for the errors you want to customize.
-         */
-        rule(options: RuleOptions): this;
+    /**
+     * Marks a key as required which will not allow undefined as value. All keys are optional by default.
+     */
+    required(): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Registers a schema to be used by descendants of the current schema in named link references.
-         */
-        shared(ref: Schema): this;
+    /**
+     * Applies a set of rule options to the current ruleset or last rule added.
+     *
+     * When applying rule options, the last rule (e.g. `min()`) is used unless there is an active ruleset defined (e.g. `$.min().max()`)
+     * in which case the options are applied to all the provided rules.
+     * Once `rule()` is called, the previous rules can no longer be modified and any active ruleset is terminated.
+     *
+     * Rule modifications can only be applied to supported rules.
+     * Most of the `any` methods do not support rule modifications because they are implemented using schema flags (e.g. `required()`) or special
+     * internal implementation (e.g. `valid()`).
+     * In those cases, use the `any.messages()` method to override the error codes for the errors you want to customize.
+     */
+    rule(options: RuleOptions): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Sets the options.convert options to false which prevent type casting for the current key and any child keys.
-         */
-        strict(isStrict?: boolean): this;
+    /**
+     * Registers a schema to be used by descendants of the current schema in named link references.
+     */
+    shared(ref: Schema): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Marks a key to be removed from a resulting object or array after validation. Used to sanitize output.
-         * @param [enabled=true] - if true, the value is stripped, otherwise the validated value is retained. Defaults to true.
-         */
-        strip(enabled?: boolean): this;
+    /**
+     * Sets the options.convert options to false which prevent type casting for the current key and any child keys.
+     */
+    strict(isStrict?: boolean): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Annotates the key
-         */
-        tag(...tags: string[]): this;
+    /**
+     * Marks a key to be removed from a resulting object or array after validation. Used to sanitize output.
+     * @param [enabled=true] - if true, the value is stripped, otherwise the validated value is retained. Defaults to true.
+     */
+    strip(enabled?: boolean): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Applies any assigned target alterations to a copy of the schema that were applied via `any.alter()`.
-         */
-        tailor(targets: string | string[]): Schema;
+    /**
+     * Annotates the key
+     */
+    tag(...tags: string[]): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Annotates the key with an unit name.
-         */
-        unit(name: string): this;
+    /**
+     * Applies any assigned target alterations to a copy of the schema that were applied via `any.alter()`.
+     */
+    tailor(targets: string | string[]): Schema;
 
-        /**
-         * Adds the provided values into the allowed whitelist and marks them as the only valid values allowed.
-         */
-        valid(...values: any[]): this;
+    /**
+     * Annotates the key with an unit name.
+     */
+    unit(name: string): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Validates a value using the schema and options.
-         */
-        validate(value: any, options?: ValidationOptions): ValidationResult<TSchema>;
+    /**
+     * Adds the provided values into the allowed whitelist and marks them as the only valid values allowed.
+     */
+    valid(...values: any[]): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Validates a value using the schema and options.
-         */
-        validateAsync<TOpts extends AsyncValidationOptions>(
-          value: any,
-          options?: TOpts
-        ): Promise<
-          TOpts extends { artifacts: true } | { warnings: true }
-            ? { value: TSchema } & (TOpts extends { artifacts: true }
+    /**
+     * Validates a value using the schema and options.
+     */
+    validate(
+      value: any,
+      options?: ValidationOptions
+    ): ValidationResult<TSchema>;
+
+    /**
+     * Validates a value using the schema and options.
+     */
+    validateAsync<TOpts extends AsyncValidationOptions>(
+      value: any,
+      options?: TOpts
+    ): Promise<
+      TOpts extends { artifacts: true } | { warnings: true }
+        ? { value: TSchema } & (TOpts extends { artifacts: true }
             ? { artifacts: Map<any, string[][]> }
             : {}) &
             (TOpts extends { warnings: true }
               ? { warning: ValidationWarning }
               : {})
-            : TSchema
-          >;
-
-        /**
-         * Same as `rule({ warn: true })`.
-         * Note that `warn()` will terminate the current ruleset and cannot be followed by another rule option.
-         * Use `rule()` to apply multiple rule options.
-         */
-        warn(): this;
+        : TSchema
+    >;
 
-        /**
-         * Generates a warning.
-         * When calling `any.validateAsync()`, set the `warning` option to true to enable warnings.
-         * Warnings are reported separately from errors alongside the result value via the warning key (i.e. `{ value, warning }`).
-         * Warning are always included when calling `any.validate()`.
-         */
-        warning(code: string, context: Context): this;
-
-        /**
-         * Converts the type into an alternatives type where the conditions are merged into the type definition where:
-         */
-        when(ref: string | Reference, options: WhenOptions | WhenOptions[]): this;
-
-        /**
-         * Converts the type into an alternatives type where the conditions are merged into the type definition where:
-         */
-        when(ref: Schema, options: WhenSchemaOptions): this;
-    }
-
-    interface Description {
-        type?: Types | string;
-        label?: string;
-        description?: string;
-        flags?: object;
-        notes?: string[];
-        tags?: string[];
-        metas?: any[];
-        example?: any[];
-        valids?: any[];
-        invalids?: any[];
-        unit?: string;
-        options?: ValidationOptions;
-        [key: string]: any;
-    }
+    /**
+     * Same as `rule({ warn: true })`.
+     * Note that `warn()` will terminate the current ruleset and cannot be followed by another rule option.
+     * Use `rule()` to apply multiple rule options.
+     */
+    warn(): this;
 
-    interface Context {
-        [key: string]: any;
-        key?: string;
-        label?: string;
-        value?: any;
-    }
+    /**
+     * Generates a warning.
+     * When calling `any.validateAsync()`, set the `warning` option to true to enable warnings.
+     * Warnings are reported separately from errors alongside the result value via the warning key (i.e. `{ value, warning }`).
+     * Warning are always included when calling `any.validate()`.
+     */
+    warning(code: string, context: Context): this;
 
-    interface State {
-        key?: string;
-        path?: (string | number)[];
-        parent?: any;
-        reference?: any;
-        ancestors?: any;
-        localize?(...args: any[]): State;
-    }
+    /**
+     * Converts the type into an alternatives type where the conditions are merged into the type definition where:
+     */
+    when(ref: string | Reference, options: WhenOptions | WhenOptions[]): this;
 
-    interface BooleanSchema<TSchema = boolean> extends AnySchema<TSchema> {
-        /**
-         * Allows for additional values to be considered valid booleans by converting them to false during validation.
-         * String comparisons are by default case insensitive,
-         * see `boolean.sensitive()` to change this behavior.
-         * @param values - strings, numbers or arrays of them
-         */
-        falsy(...values: Array<string | number | null>): this;
+    /**
+     * Converts the type into an alternatives type where the conditions are merged into the type definition where:
+     */
+    when(ref: Schema, options: WhenSchemaOptions): this;
+  }
+
+  interface Description {
+    type?: Types | string;
+    label?: string;
+    description?: string;
+    flags?: object;
+    notes?: string[];
+    tags?: string[];
+    metas?: any[];
+    example?: any[];
+    valids?: any[];
+    invalids?: any[];
+    unit?: string;
+    options?: ValidationOptions;
+    [key: string]: any;
+  }
+
+  interface Context {
+    [key: string]: any;
+    key?: string;
+    label?: string;
+    value?: any;
+  }
 
-        /**
-         * Allows the values provided to truthy and falsy as well as the "true" and "false" default conversion
-         * (when not in `strict()` mode) to be matched in a case insensitive manner.
-         */
-        sensitive(enabled?: boolean): this;
+  interface State {
+    key?: string;
+    path?: (string | number)[];
+    parent?: any;
+    reference?: any;
+    ancestors?: any;
+    localize?(...args: any[]): State;
+  }
 
-        /**
-         * Allows for additional values to be considered valid booleans by converting them to true during validation.
-         * String comparisons are by default case insensitive, see `boolean.sensitive()` to change this behavior.
-         * @param values - strings, numbers or arrays of them
-         */
-        truthy(...values: Array<string | number | null>): this;
-    }
+  interface BooleanSchema<TSchema = boolean> extends AnySchema<TSchema> {
+    /**
+     * Allows for additional values to be considered valid booleans by converting them to false during validation.
+     * String comparisons are by default case insensitive,
+     * see `boolean.sensitive()` to change this behavior.
+     * @param values - strings, numbers or arrays of them
+     */
+    falsy(...values: Array<string | number | null>): this;
 
-    interface NumberSchema<TSchema = number> extends AnySchema<TSchema> {
-        /**
-         * Specifies that the value must be greater than limit.
-         * It can also be a reference to another field.
-         */
-        greater(limit: number | Reference): this;
+    /**
+     * Allows the values provided to truthy and falsy as well as the "true" and "false" default conversion
+     * (when not in `strict()` mode) to be matched in a case insensitive manner.
+     */
+    sensitive(enabled?: boolean): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the number to be an integer (no floating point).
-         */
-        integer(): this;
+    /**
+     * Allows for additional values to be considered valid booleans by converting them to true during validation.
+     * String comparisons are by default case insensitive, see `boolean.sensitive()` to change this behavior.
+     * @param values - strings, numbers or arrays of them
+     */
+    truthy(...values: Array<string | number | null>): this;
+  }
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies that the value must be less than limit.
-         * It can also be a reference to another field.
-         */
-        less(limit: number | Reference): this;
+  interface NumberSchema<TSchema = number> extends AnySchema<TSchema> {
+    /**
+     * Specifies that the value must be greater than limit.
+     * It can also be a reference to another field.
+     */
+    greater(limit: number | Reference): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies the maximum value.
-         * It can also be a reference to another field.
-         */
-        max(limit: number | Reference): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the number to be an integer (no floating point).
+     */
+    integer(): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies the minimum value.
-         * It can also be a reference to another field.
-         */
-        min(limit: number | Reference): this;
+    /**
+     * Specifies that the value must be less than limit.
+     * It can also be a reference to another field.
+     */
+    less(limit: number | Reference): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies that the value must be a multiple of base.
-         */
-        multiple(base: number | Reference): this;
+    /**
+     * Specifies the maximum value.
+     * It can also be a reference to another field.
+     */
+    max(limit: number | Reference): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the number to be negative.
-         */
-        negative(): this;
+    /**
+     * Specifies the minimum value.
+     * It can also be a reference to another field.
+     */
+    min(limit: number | Reference): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the number to be a TCP port, so between 0 and 65535.
-         */
-        port(): this;
+    /**
+     * Specifies that the value must be a multiple of base.
+     */
+    multiple(base: number | Reference): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the number to be positive.
-         */
-        positive(): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the number to be negative.
+     */
+    negative(): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies the maximum number of decimal places where:
-         * @param limit - the maximum number of decimal places allowed.
-         */
-        precision(limit: number): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the number to be a TCP port, so between 0 and 65535.
+     */
+    port(): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the number to be negative or positive.
-         */
-        sign(sign: 'positive' | 'negative'): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the number to be positive.
+     */
+    positive(): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Allows the number to be outside of JavaScript's safety range (Number.MIN_SAFE_INTEGER & Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER).
-         */
-        unsafe(enabled?: any): this;
-    }
+    /**
+     * Specifies the maximum number of decimal places where:
+     * @param limit - the maximum number of decimal places allowed.
+     */
+    precision(limit: number): this;
 
-    interface StringSchema<TSchema = string> extends AnySchema<TSchema> {
-        /**
-         * Requires the string value to only contain a-z, A-Z, and 0-9.
-         */
-        alphanum(): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the number to be negative or positive.
+     */
+    sign(sign: "positive" | "negative"): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the string value to be a valid base64 string; does not check the decoded value.
-         */
-        base64(options?: Base64Options): this;
+    /**
+     * Allows the number to be outside of JavaScript's safety range (Number.MIN_SAFE_INTEGER & Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER).
+     */
+    unsafe(enabled?: any): this;
+  }
 
-        /**
-         * Sets the required string case.
-         */
-        case(direction: 'upper' | 'lower'): this;
+  interface StringSchema<TSchema = string> extends AnySchema<TSchema> {
+    /**
+     * Requires the string value to only contain a-z, A-Z, and 0-9.
+     */
+    alphanum(): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the number to be a credit card number (Using Luhn Algorithm).
-         */
-        creditCard(): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the string value to be a valid base64 string; does not check the decoded value.
+     */
+    base64(options?: Base64Options): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the string value to be a valid data URI string.
-         */
-        dataUri(options?: DataUriOptions): this;
+    /**
+     * Sets the required string case.
+     */
+    case(direction: "upper" | "lower"): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the string value to be a valid domain.
-         */
-        domain(options?: DomainOptions): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the number to be a credit card number (Using Luhn Algorithm).
+     */
+    creditCard(): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the string value to be a valid email address.
-         */
-        email(options?: EmailOptions): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the string value to be a valid data URI string.
+     */
+    dataUri(options?: DataUriOptions): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the string value to be a valid GUID.
-         */
-        guid(options?: GuidOptions): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the string value to be a valid domain.
+     */
+    domain(options?: DomainOptions): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the string value to be a valid hexadecimal string.
-         */
-        hex(options?: HexOptions): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the string value to be a valid email address.
+     */
+    email(options?: EmailOptions): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the string value to be a valid hostname as per RFC1123.
-         */
-        hostname(): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the string value to be a valid GUID.
+     */
+    guid(options?: GuidOptions): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Allows the value to match any whitelist of blacklist item in a case insensitive comparison.
-         */
-        insensitive(): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the string value to be a valid hexadecimal string.
+     */
+    hex(options?: HexOptions): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the string value to be a valid ip address.
-         */
-        ip(options?: IpOptions): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the string value to be a valid hostname as per RFC1123.
+     */
+    hostname(): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the string value to be in valid ISO 8601 date format.
-         */
-        isoDate(): this;
+    /**
+     * Allows the value to match any whitelist of blacklist item in a case insensitive comparison.
+     */
+    insensitive(): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the string value to be in valid ISO 8601 duration format.
-         */
-        isoDuration(): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the string value to be a valid ip address.
+     */
+    ip(options?: IpOptions): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies the exact string length required
-         * @param limit - the required string length. It can also be a reference to another field.
-         * @param encoding - if specified, the string length is calculated in bytes using the provided encoding.
-         */
-        length(limit: number | Reference, encoding?: string): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the string value to be in valid ISO 8601 date format.
+     */
+    isoDate(): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the string value to be all lowercase. If the validation convert option is on (enabled by default), the string will be forced to lowercase.
-         */
-        lowercase(): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the string value to be in valid ISO 8601 duration format.
+     */
+    isoDuration(): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies the maximum number of string characters.
-         * @param limit - the maximum number of string characters allowed. It can also be a reference to another field.
-         * @param encoding - if specified, the string length is calculated in bytes using the provided encoding.
-         */
-        max(limit: number | Reference, encoding?: string): this;
+    /**
+     * Specifies the exact string length required
+     * @param limit - the required string length. It can also be a reference to another field.
+     * @param encoding - if specified, the string length is calculated in bytes using the provided encoding.
+     */
+    length(limit: number | Reference, encoding?: string): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies the minimum number string characters.
-         * @param limit - the minimum number of string characters required. It can also be a reference to another field.
-         * @param encoding - if specified, the string length is calculated in bytes using the provided encoding.
-         */
-        min(limit: number | Reference, encoding?: string): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the string value to be all lowercase. If the validation convert option is on (enabled by default), the string will be forced to lowercase.
+     */
+    lowercase(): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the string value to be in a unicode normalized form. If the validation convert option is on (enabled by default), the string will be normalized.
-         * @param [form='NFC'] - The unicode normalization form to use. Valid values: NFC [default], NFD, NFKC, NFKD
-         */
-        normalize(form?: 'NFC' | 'NFD' | 'NFKC' | 'NFKD'): this;
+    /**
+     * Specifies the maximum number of string characters.
+     * @param limit - the maximum number of string characters allowed. It can also be a reference to another field.
+     * @param encoding - if specified, the string length is calculated in bytes using the provided encoding.
+     */
+    max(limit: number | Reference, encoding?: string): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Defines a regular expression rule.
-         * @param pattern - a regular expression object the string value must match against.
-         * @param options - optional, can be:
-         *   Name for patterns (useful with multiple patterns). Defaults to 'required'.
-         *   An optional configuration object with the following supported properties:
-         *     name - optional pattern name.
-         *     invert - optional boolean flag. Defaults to false behavior. If specified as true, the provided pattern will be disallowed instead of required.
-         */
-        pattern(pattern: RegExp, options?: string | StringRegexOptions): this;
+    /**
+     * Specifies the minimum number string characters.
+     * @param limit - the minimum number of string characters required. It can also be a reference to another field.
+     * @param encoding - if specified, the string length is calculated in bytes using the provided encoding.
+     */
+    min(limit: number | Reference, encoding?: string): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Defines a regular expression rule.
-         * @param pattern - a regular expression object the string value must match against.
-         * @param options - optional, can be:
-         *   Name for patterns (useful with multiple patterns). Defaults to 'required'.
-         *   An optional configuration object with the following supported properties:
-         *     name - optional pattern name.
-         *     invert - optional boolean flag. Defaults to false behavior. If specified as true, the provided pattern will be disallowed instead of required.
-         */
-        regex(pattern: RegExp, options?: string | StringRegexOptions): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the string value to be in a unicode normalized form. If the validation convert option is on (enabled by default), the string will be normalized.
+     * @param [form='NFC'] - The unicode normalization form to use. Valid values: NFC [default], NFD, NFKC, NFKD
+     */
+    normalize(form?: "NFC" | "NFD" | "NFKC" | "NFKD"): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Replace characters matching the given pattern with the specified replacement string where:
-         * @param pattern - a regular expression object to match against, or a string of which all occurrences will be replaced.
-         * @param replacement - the string that will replace the pattern.
-         */
-        replace(pattern: RegExp | string, replacement: string): this;
+    /**
+     * Defines a regular expression rule.
+     * @param pattern - a regular expression object the string value must match against.
+     * @param options - optional, can be:
+     *   Name for patterns (useful with multiple patterns). Defaults to 'required'.
+     *   An optional configuration object with the following supported properties:
+     *     name - optional pattern name.
+     *     invert - optional boolean flag. Defaults to false behavior. If specified as true, the provided pattern will be disallowed instead of required.
+     */
+    pattern(pattern: RegExp, options?: string | StringRegexOptions): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the string value to only contain a-z, A-Z, 0-9, and underscore _.
-         */
-        token(): this;
+    /**
+     * Defines a regular expression rule.
+     * @param pattern - a regular expression object the string value must match against.
+     * @param options - optional, can be:
+     *   Name for patterns (useful with multiple patterns). Defaults to 'required'.
+     *   An optional configuration object with the following supported properties:
+     *     name - optional pattern name.
+     *     invert - optional boolean flag. Defaults to false behavior. If specified as true, the provided pattern will be disallowed instead of required.
+     */
+    regex(pattern: RegExp, options?: string | StringRegexOptions): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the string value to contain no whitespace before or after. If the validation convert option is on (enabled by default), the string will be trimmed.
-         * @param [enabled=true] - optional parameter defaulting to true which allows you to reset the behavior of trim by providing a falsy value.
-         */
-        trim(enabled?: any): this;
+    /**
+     * Replace characters matching the given pattern with the specified replacement string where:
+     * @param pattern - a regular expression object to match against, or a string of which all occurrences will be replaced.
+     * @param replacement - the string that will replace the pattern.
+     */
+    replace(pattern: RegExp | string, replacement: string): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies whether the string.max() limit should be used as a truncation.
-         * @param [enabled=true] - optional parameter defaulting to true which allows you to reset the behavior of truncate by providing a falsy value.
-         */
-        truncate(enabled?: boolean): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the string value to only contain a-z, A-Z, 0-9, and underscore _.
+     */
+    token(): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the string value to be all uppercase. If the validation convert option is on (enabled by default), the string will be forced to uppercase.
-         */
-        uppercase(): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the string value to contain no whitespace before or after. If the validation convert option is on (enabled by default), the string will be trimmed.
+     * @param [enabled=true] - optional parameter defaulting to true which allows you to reset the behavior of trim by providing a falsy value.
+     */
+    trim(enabled?: any): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the string value to be a valid RFC 3986 URI.
-         */
-        uri(options?: UriOptions): this;
+    /**
+     * Specifies whether the string.max() limit should be used as a truncation.
+     * @param [enabled=true] - optional parameter defaulting to true which allows you to reset the behavior of truncate by providing a falsy value.
+     */
+    truncate(enabled?: boolean): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the string value to be a valid GUID.
-         */
-        uuid(options?: GuidOptions): this;
-    }
+    /**
+     * Requires the string value to be all uppercase. If the validation convert option is on (enabled by default), the string will be forced to uppercase.
+     */
+    uppercase(): this;
 
-    interface SymbolSchema<TSchema = Symbol> extends AnySchema<TSchema> {
-        // TODO: support number and symbol index
-        map(iterable: Iterable<[string | number | boolean | symbol, symbol]> | { [key: string]: symbol }): this;
-    }
+    /**
+     * Requires the string value to be a valid RFC 3986 URI.
+     */
+    uri(options?: UriOptions): this;
 
-    interface ArraySortOptions {
-        /**
-         * @default 'ascending'
-         */
-        order?: 'ascending' | 'descending';
-        by?: string | Reference;
-    }
+    /**
+     * Requires the string value to be a valid GUID.
+     */
+    uuid(options?: GuidOptions): this;
+  }
 
-    interface ArrayUniqueOptions extends HierarchySeparatorOptions {
-        /**
-         * if true, undefined values for the dot notation string comparator will not cause the array to fail on uniqueness.
-         *
-         * @default false
-         */
-        ignoreUndefined?: boolean;
-    }
+  interface SymbolSchema<TSchema = Symbol> extends AnySchema<TSchema> {
+    // TODO: support number and symbol index
+    map(
+      iterable:
+        | Iterable<[string | number | boolean | symbol, symbol]>
+        | { [key: string]: symbol }
+    ): this;
+  }
 
-    type ComparatorFunction = (a: any, b: any) => boolean;
+  interface ArraySortOptions {
+    /**
+     * @default 'ascending'
+     */
+    order?: "ascending" | "descending";
+    by?: string | Reference;
+  }
 
-    interface ArraySchema<TSchema = any[]> extends AnySchema<TSchema> {
-        /**
-         * Verifies that an assertion passes for at least one item in the array, where:
-         * `schema` - the validation rules required to satisfy the assertion. If the `schema` includes references, they are resolved against
-         * the array item being tested, not the value of the `ref` target.
-         */
-        has(schema: SchemaLike): this;
+  interface ArrayUniqueOptions extends HierarchySeparatorOptions {
+    /**
+     * if true, undefined values for the dot notation string comparator will not cause the array to fail on uniqueness.
+     *
+     * @default false
+     */
+    ignoreUndefined?: boolean;
+  }
 
-        /**
-         * List the types allowed for the array values.
-         * If a given type is .required() then there must be a matching item in the array.
-         * If a type is .forbidden() then it cannot appear in the array.
-         * Required items can be added multiple times to signify that multiple items must be found.
-         * Errors will contain the number of items that didn't match.
-         * Any unmatched item having a label will be mentioned explicitly.
-         *
-         * @param type - a joi schema object to validate each array item against.
-         */
-        items(...types: SchemaLikeWithoutArray[]): this;
+  type ComparatorFunction = (a: any, b: any) => boolean;
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies the exact number of items in the array.
-         */
-        length(limit: number | Reference): this;
+  type UnwrapSchemaLikeWithoutArray<T> = T extends SchemaLikeWithoutArray<
+    infer U
+  >
+    ? U
+    : never;
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies the maximum number of items in the array.
-         */
-        max(limit: number | Reference): this;
+  type NoNestedArrays<T extends readonly unknown[]> = Extract<
+    T[number],
+    readonly unknown[]
+  > extends never
+    ? T
+    : never;
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies the minimum number of items in the array.
-         */
-        min(limit: number | Reference): this;
+  interface ArraySchema<TSchema = any[]> extends AnySchema<TSchema> {
+    /**
+     * Verifies that an assertion passes for at least one item in the array, where:
+     * `schema` - the validation rules required to satisfy the assertion. If the `schema` includes references, they are resolved against
+     * the array item being tested, not the value of the `ref` target.
+     */
+    has(schema: SchemaLike): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Lists the types in sequence order for the array values where:
-         * @param type - a joi schema object to validate against each array item in sequence order. type can be multiple values passed as individual arguments.
-         * If a given type is .required() then there must be a matching item with the same index position in the array.
-         * Errors will contain the number of items that didn't match.
-         * Any unmatched item having a label will be mentioned explicitly.
-         */
-        ordered(...types: SchemaLikeWithoutArray[]): this;
+    /**
+     * List the types allowed for the array values.
+     * If a given type is .required() then there must be a matching item in the array.
+     * If a type is .forbidden() then it cannot appear in the array.
+     * Required items can be added multiple times to signify that multiple items must be found.
+     * Errors will contain the number of items that didn't match.
+     * Any unmatched item having a label will be mentioned explicitly.
+     *
+     * @param type - a joi schema object to validate each array item against.
+     */
+    items<A>(a: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<A>): ArraySchema<A[]>;
+    items<A, B>(
+      a: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<A>,
+      b: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<B>
+    ): ArraySchema<(A | B)[]>;
+    items<A, B, C>(
+      a: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<A>,
+      b: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<B>,
+      c: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<C>
+    ): ArraySchema<(A | B | C)[]>;
+    items<A, B, C, D>(
+      a: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<A>,
+      b: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<B>,
+      c: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<C>,
+      d: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<D>
+    ): ArraySchema<(A | B | C | D)[]>;
+    items<A, B, C, D, E>(
+      a: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<A>,
+      b: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<B>,
+      c: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<C>,
+      d: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<D>,
+      e: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<E>
+    ): ArraySchema<(A | B | C | D | E)[]>;
+    items<A, B, C, D, E, F>(
+      a: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<A>,
+      b: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<B>,
+      c: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<C>,
+      d: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<D>,
+      e: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<E>,
+      f: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<F>
+    ): ArraySchema<(A | B | C | D | E | F)[]>;
+    items<
+      TItems,
+      TTItems extends SchemaLikeWithoutArray<TItems>[] = SchemaLikeWithoutArray<TItems>[]
+    >(
+      ...types: NoNestedArrays<TTItems>
+    ): ArraySchema<
+      {
+        [I in keyof TTItems]: UnwrapSchemaLikeWithoutArray<TTItems[I]>;
+      }[number][]
+    >;
 
-        /**
-         * Allow single values to be checked against rules as if it were provided as an array.
-         * enabled can be used with a falsy value to go back to the default behavior.
-         */
-        single(enabled?: any): this;
+    /**
+     * Specifies the exact number of items in the array.
+     */
+    length(limit: number | Reference): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Sorts the array by given order.
-         */
-        sort(options?: ArraySortOptions): this;
+    /**
+     * Specifies the maximum number of items in the array.
+     */
+    max(limit: number | Reference): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Allow this array to be sparse.
-         * enabled can be used with a falsy value to go back to the default behavior.
-         */
-        sparse(enabled?: any): this;
+    /**
+     * Specifies the minimum number of items in the array.
+     */
+    min(limit: number | Reference): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the array values to be unique.
-         * Remember that if you provide a custom comparator function,
-         * different types can be passed as parameter depending on the rules you set on items.
-         * Be aware that a deep equality is performed on elements of the array having a type of object,
-         * a performance penalty is to be expected for this kind of operation.
-         */
-        unique(comparator?: string | ComparatorFunction, options?: ArrayUniqueOptions): this;
-    }
+    /**
+     * Lists the types in sequence order for the array values where:
+     * @param type - a joi schema object to validate against each array item in sequence order. type can be multiple values passed as individual arguments.
+     * If a given type is .required() then there must be a matching item with the same index position in the array.
+     * Errors will contain the number of items that didn't match.
+     * Any unmatched item having a label will be mentioned explicitly.
+     */
+    ordered(...types: SchemaLikeWithoutArray[]): this;
 
-    interface ObjectPatternOptions {
-        fallthrough?: boolean;
-        matches: SchemaLike | Reference;
-    }
+    /**
+     * Allow single values to be checked against rules as if it were provided as an array.
+     * enabled can be used with a falsy value to go back to the default behavior.
+     */
+    single(enabled?: any): this;
 
-    interface ObjectSchema<TSchema = any> extends AnySchema<TSchema> {
-        /**
-         * Defines an all-or-nothing relationship between keys where if one of the peers is present, all of them are required as well.
-         *
-         * Optional settings must be the last argument.
-         */
-        and(...peers: Array<string | DependencyOptions>): this;
+    /**
+     * Sorts the array by given order.
+     */
+    sort(options?: ArraySortOptions): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Appends the allowed object keys. If schema is null, undefined, or {}, no changes will be applied.
-         */
-        append(schema?: SchemaMap<TSchema>): this;
-        append<TSchemaExtended = any, T = TSchemaExtended>(schema?: SchemaMap<T>): ObjectSchema<T>
+    /**
+     * Allow this array to be sparse.
+     * enabled can be used with a falsy value to go back to the default behavior.
+     */
+    sparse(enabled?: any): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Verifies an assertion where.
-         */
-        assert(ref: string | Reference, schema: SchemaLike, message?: string): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the array values to be unique.
+     * Remember that if you provide a custom comparator function,
+     * different types can be passed as parameter depending on the rules you set on items.
+     * Be aware that a deep equality is performed on elements of the array having a type of object,
+     * a performance penalty is to be expected for this kind of operation.
+     */
+    unique(
+      comparator?: string | ComparatorFunction,
+      options?: ArrayUniqueOptions
+    ): this;
+  }
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the object to be an instance of a given constructor.
-         *
-         * @param constructor - the constructor function that the object must be an instance of.
-         * @param name - an alternate name to use in validation errors. This is useful when the constructor function does not have a name.
-         */
-        // tslint:disable-next-line:ban-types
-        instance(constructor: Function, name?: string): this;
+  interface ObjectPatternOptions {
+    fallthrough?: boolean;
+    matches: SchemaLike | Reference;
+  }
 
-        /**
-         * Sets or extends the allowed object keys.
-         */
-        keys(schema?: SchemaMap<TSchema>): this;
+  interface ObjectSchema<TSchema = any> extends AnySchema<TSchema> {
+    /**
+     * Defines an all-or-nothing relationship between keys where if one of the peers is present, all of them are required as well.
+     *
+     * Optional settings must be the last argument.
+     */
+    and(...peers: Array<string | DependencyOptions>): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies the exact number of keys in the object.
-         */
-        length(limit: number): this;
+    /**
+     * Appends the allowed object keys. If schema is null, undefined, or {}, no changes will be applied.
+     */
+    append(schema?: SchemaMap<TSchema>): this;
+    append<TSchemaExtended = any, T = TSchemaExtended>(
+      schema?: SchemaMap<T>
+    ): ObjectSchema<T>;
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies the maximum number of keys in the object.
-         */
-        max(limit: number | Reference): this;
+    /**
+     * Verifies an assertion where.
+     */
+    assert(ref: string | Reference, schema: SchemaLike, message?: string): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies the minimum number of keys in the object.
-         */
-        min(limit: number | Reference): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the object to be an instance of a given constructor.
+     *
+     * @param constructor - the constructor function that the object must be an instance of.
+     * @param name - an alternate name to use in validation errors. This is useful when the constructor function does not have a name.
+     */
+    // tslint:disable-next-line:ban-types
+    instance(constructor: Function, name?: string): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Defines a relationship between keys where not all peers can be present at the same time.
-         *
-         * Optional settings must be the last argument.
-         */
-        nand(...peers: Array<string | DependencyOptions>): this;
+    /**
+     * Sets or extends the allowed object keys.
+     */
+    keys(schema?: SchemaMap<TSchema>): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Defines a relationship between keys where one of the peers is required (and more than one is allowed).
-         *
-         * Optional settings must be the last argument.
-         */
-        or(...peers: Array<string | DependencyOptions>): this;
+    /**
+     * Specifies the exact number of keys in the object.
+     */
+    length(limit: number): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Defines an exclusive relationship between a set of keys where only one is allowed but none are required.
-         *
-         * Optional settings must be the last argument.
-         */
-        oxor(...peers: Array<string | DependencyOptions>): this;
+    /**
+     * Specifies the maximum number of keys in the object.
+     */
+    max(limit: number | Reference): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Specify validation rules for unknown keys matching a pattern.
-         *
-         * @param pattern - a pattern that can be either a regular expression or a joi schema that will be tested against the unknown key names
-         * @param schema - the schema object matching keys must validate against
-         */
-        pattern(pattern: RegExp | SchemaLike, schema: SchemaLike, options?: ObjectPatternOptions): this;
+    /**
+     * Specifies the minimum number of keys in the object.
+     */
+    min(limit: number | Reference): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the object to be a Joi reference.
-         */
-        ref(): this;
+    /**
+     * Defines a relationship between keys where not all peers can be present at the same time.
+     *
+     * Optional settings must be the last argument.
+     */
+    nand(...peers: Array<string | DependencyOptions>): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the object to be a `RegExp` object.
-         */
-        regex(): this;
+    /**
+     * Defines a relationship between keys where one of the peers is required (and more than one is allowed).
+     *
+     * Optional settings must be the last argument.
+     */
+    or(...peers: Array<string | DependencyOptions>): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Renames a key to another name (deletes the renamed key).
-         */
-        rename(from: string | RegExp, to: string, options?: RenameOptions): this;
+    /**
+     * Defines an exclusive relationship between a set of keys where only one is allowed but none are required.
+     *
+     * Optional settings must be the last argument.
+     */
+    oxor(...peers: Array<string | DependencyOptions>): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the object to be a Joi schema instance.
-         */
-        schema(type?: SchemaLike): this;
+    /**
+     * Specify validation rules for unknown keys matching a pattern.
+     *
+     * @param pattern - a pattern that can be either a regular expression or a joi schema that will be tested against the unknown key names
+     * @param schema - the schema object matching keys must validate against
+     */
+    pattern(
+      pattern: RegExp | SchemaLike,
+      schema: SchemaLike,
+      options?: ObjectPatternOptions
+    ): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Overrides the handling of unknown keys for the scope of the current object only (does not apply to children).
-         */
-        unknown(allow?: boolean): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the object to be a Joi reference.
+     */
+    ref(): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the presence of other keys whenever the specified key is present.
-         */
-        with(key: string, peers: string | string[], options?: DependencyOptions): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the object to be a `RegExp` object.
+     */
+    regex(): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Forbids the presence of other keys whenever the specified is present.
-         */
-        without(key: string, peers: string | string[], options?: DependencyOptions): this;
+    /**
+     * Renames a key to another name (deletes the renamed key).
+     */
+    rename(from: string | RegExp, to: string, options?: RenameOptions): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Defines an exclusive relationship between a set of keys. one of them is required but not at the same time.
-         *
-         * Optional settings must be the last argument.
-         */
-        xor(...peers: Array<string | DependencyOptions>): this;
-    }
+    /**
+     * Requires the object to be a Joi schema instance.
+     */
+    schema(type?: SchemaLike): this;
 
-    interface BinarySchema<TSchema = Buffer> extends AnySchema<TSchema> {
-        /**
-         * Sets the string encoding format if a string input is converted to a buffer.
-         */
-        encoding(encoding: string): this;
+    /**
+     * Overrides the handling of unknown keys for the scope of the current object only (does not apply to children).
+     */
+    unknown(allow?: boolean): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies the minimum length of the buffer.
-         */
-        min(limit: number | Reference): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the presence of other keys whenever the specified key is present.
+     */
+    with(
+      key: string,
+      peers: string | string[],
+      options?: DependencyOptions
+    ): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies the maximum length of the buffer.
-         */
-        max(limit: number | Reference): this;
+    /**
+     * Forbids the presence of other keys whenever the specified is present.
+     */
+    without(
+      key: string,
+      peers: string | string[],
+      options?: DependencyOptions
+    ): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies the exact length of the buffer:
-         */
-        length(limit: number | Reference): this;
-    }
+    /**
+     * Defines an exclusive relationship between a set of keys. one of them is required but not at the same time.
+     *
+     * Optional settings must be the last argument.
+     */
+    xor(...peers: Array<string | DependencyOptions>): this;
+  }
 
-    interface DateSchema<TSchema = Date> extends AnySchema<TSchema> {
-        /**
-         * Specifies that the value must be greater than date.
-         * Notes: 'now' can be passed in lieu of date so as to always compare relatively to the current date,
-         * allowing to explicitly ensure a date is either in the past or in the future.
-         * It can also be a reference to another field.
-         */
-        greater(date: 'now' | Date | number | string | Reference): this;
+  interface BinarySchema<TSchema = Buffer> extends AnySchema<TSchema> {
+    /**
+     * Sets the string encoding format if a string input is converted to a buffer.
+     */
+    encoding(encoding: string): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the string value to be in valid ISO 8601 date format.
-         */
-        iso(): this;
+    /**
+     * Specifies the minimum length of the buffer.
+     */
+    min(limit: number | Reference): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies that the value must be less than date.
-         * Notes: 'now' can be passed in lieu of date so as to always compare relatively to the current date,
-         * allowing to explicitly ensure a date is either in the past or in the future.
-         * It can also be a reference to another field.
-         */
-        less(date: 'now' | Date | number | string | Reference): this;
+    /**
+     * Specifies the maximum length of the buffer.
+     */
+    max(limit: number | Reference): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies the oldest date allowed.
-         * Notes: 'now' can be passed in lieu of date so as to always compare relatively to the current date,
-         * allowing to explicitly ensure a date is either in the past or in the future.
-         * It can also be a reference to another field.
-         */
-        min(date: 'now' | Date | number | string | Reference): this;
+    /**
+     * Specifies the exact length of the buffer:
+     */
+    length(limit: number | Reference): this;
+  }
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies the latest date allowed.
-         * Notes: 'now' can be passed in lieu of date so as to always compare relatively to the current date,
-         * allowing to explicitly ensure a date is either in the past or in the future.
-         * It can also be a reference to another field.
-         */
-        max(date: 'now' | Date | number | string | Reference): this;
+  interface DateSchema<TSchema = Date> extends AnySchema<TSchema> {
+    /**
+     * Specifies that the value must be greater than date.
+     * Notes: 'now' can be passed in lieu of date so as to always compare relatively to the current date,
+     * allowing to explicitly ensure a date is either in the past or in the future.
+     * It can also be a reference to another field.
+     */
+    greater(date: "now" | Date | number | string | Reference): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the value to be a timestamp interval from Unix Time.
-         * @param type - the type of timestamp (allowed values are unix or javascript [default])
-         */
-        timestamp(type?: 'javascript' | 'unix'): this;
-    }
+    /**
+     * Requires the string value to be in valid ISO 8601 date format.
+     */
+    iso(): this;
 
-    interface FunctionSchema<TSchema = Function> extends ObjectSchema<TSchema> {
-        /**
-         * Specifies the arity of the function where:
-         * @param n - the arity expected.
-         */
-        arity(n: number): this;
+    /**
+     * Specifies that the value must be less than date.
+     * Notes: 'now' can be passed in lieu of date so as to always compare relatively to the current date,
+     * allowing to explicitly ensure a date is either in the past or in the future.
+     * It can also be a reference to another field.
+     */
+    less(date: "now" | Date | number | string | Reference): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the function to be a class.
-         */
-        class(): this;
+    /**
+     * Specifies the oldest date allowed.
+     * Notes: 'now' can be passed in lieu of date so as to always compare relatively to the current date,
+     * allowing to explicitly ensure a date is either in the past or in the future.
+     * It can also be a reference to another field.
+     */
+    min(date: "now" | Date | number | string | Reference): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies the minimal arity of the function where:
-         * @param n - the minimal arity expected.
-         */
-        minArity(n: number): this;
+    /**
+     * Specifies the latest date allowed.
+     * Notes: 'now' can be passed in lieu of date so as to always compare relatively to the current date,
+     * allowing to explicitly ensure a date is either in the past or in the future.
+     * It can also be a reference to another field.
+     */
+    max(date: "now" | Date | number | string | Reference): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Specifies the minimal arity of the function where:
-         * @param n - the minimal arity expected.
-         */
-        maxArity(n: number): this;
-    }
+    /**
+     * Requires the value to be a timestamp interval from Unix Time.
+     * @param type - the type of timestamp (allowed values are unix or javascript [default])
+     */
+    timestamp(type?: "javascript" | "unix"): this;
+  }
 
-    interface AlternativesSchema<TSchema = any> extends AnySchema<TSchema> {
-        /**
-         * Adds a conditional alternative schema type, either based on another key value, or a schema peeking into the current value.
-         */
-        conditional(ref: string | Reference, options: WhenOptions | WhenOptions[]): this;
-        conditional(ref: Schema, options: WhenSchemaOptions): this;
+  interface FunctionSchema<TSchema = Function> extends ObjectSchema<TSchema> {
+    /**
+     * Specifies the arity of the function where:
+     * @param n - the arity expected.
+     */
+    arity(n: number): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Requires the validated value to match a specific set of the provided alternative.try() schemas.
-         * Cannot be combined with `alternatives.conditional()`.
-         */
-        match(mode: 'any' | 'all' | 'one'): this;
+    /**
+     * Requires the function to be a class.
+     */
+    class(): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Adds an alternative schema type for attempting to match against the validated value.
-         */
-        try(...types: SchemaLikeWithoutArray[]): this;
-    }
+    /**
+     * Specifies the minimal arity of the function where:
+     * @param n - the minimal arity expected.
+     */
+    minArity(n: number): this;
 
-    interface LinkSchema<TSchema = any> extends AnySchema<TSchema> {
-        /**
-         * Same as `any.concat()` but the schema is merged after the link is resolved which allows merging with schemas of the same type as the resolved link.
-         * Will throw an exception during validation if the merged types are not compatible.
-         */
-        concat(schema: Schema): this;
+    /**
+     * Specifies the minimal arity of the function where:
+     * @param n - the minimal arity expected.
+     */
+    maxArity(n: number): this;
+  }
 
-        /**
-         * Initializes the schema after constructions for cases where the schema has to be constructed first and then initialized.
-         * If `ref` was not passed to the constructor, `link.ref()` must be called prior to usage.
-         */
-        ref(ref: string): this;
-    }
+  interface AlternativesSchema<TSchema = any> extends AnySchema<TSchema> {
+    /**
+     * Adds a conditional alternative schema type, either based on another key value, or a schema peeking into the current value.
+     */
+    conditional<ThenSchema, OtherwiseSchema>(
+      ref: string | Reference,
+      options: WhenOptions | WhenOptions[]
+    ): AlternativesSchema<ThenSchema | OtherwiseSchema>;
+    conditional<ThenSchema, OtherwiseSchema>(
+      ref: Schema,
+      options: WhenSchemaOptions<ThenSchema, OtherwiseSchema>
+    ): AlternativesSchema<ThenSchema | OtherwiseSchema>;
 
-    interface Reference extends Exclude<ReferenceOptions, 'prefix'> {
-        depth: number;
-        type: string;
-        key: string;
-        root: string;
-        path: string[];
-        display: string;
-        toString(): string;
-    }
+    /**
+     * Requires the validated value to match a specific set of the provided alternative.try() schemas.
+     * Cannot be combined with `alternatives.conditional()`.
+     */
+    match(mode: "any" | "all" | "one"): this;
 
-    type ExtensionBoundSchema = Schema & SchemaInternals;
+    /**
+     * Adds an alternative schema type for attempting to match against the validated value.
+     */
+    try<A>(a: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<A>): AlternativesSchema<A>;
+    try<A, B>(
+      a: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<A>,
+      b: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<B>
+    ): AlternativesSchema<A | B>;
+    try<A, B, C>(
+      a: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<A>,
+      b: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<B>,
+      c: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<C>
+    ): AlternativesSchema<A | B | C>;
+    try<A, B, C, D>(
+      a: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<A>,
+      b: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<B>,
+      c: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<C>,
+      d: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<D>
+    ): AlternativesSchema<A | B | C | D>;
+    try<A, B, C, D, E>(
+      a: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<A>,
+      b: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<B>,
+      c: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<C>,
+      d: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<D>,
+      e: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<E>
+    ): AlternativesSchema<A | B | C | D | E>;
+    try<A, B, C, D, E, F>(
+      a: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<A>,
+      b: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<B>,
+      c: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<C>,
+      d: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<D>,
+      e: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<E>,
+      f: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<F>
+    ): AlternativesSchema<A | B | C | D | E | F>;
+    try(...types: SchemaLikeWithoutArray[]): this;
+  }
 
-    interface RuleArgs {
-        name: string;
-        ref?: boolean;
-        assert?: ((value: any) => boolean) | AnySchema;
-        message?: string;
+  interface LinkSchema<TSchema = any> extends AnySchema<TSchema> {
+    /**
+     * Same as `any.concat()` but the schema is merged after the link is resolved which allows merging with schemas of the same type as the resolved link.
+     * Will throw an exception during validation if the merged types are not compatible.
+     */
+    concat(schema: Schema): this;
 
-        /**
-         * Undocumented properties
-         */
-        normalize?(value: any): any;
-    }
+    /**
+     * Initializes the schema after constructions for cases where the schema has to be constructed first and then initialized.
+     * If `ref` was not passed to the constructor, `link.ref()` must be called prior to usage.
+     */
+    ref(ref: string): this;
+  }
 
-    type RuleMethod = (...args: any[]) => any;
+  interface Reference extends Exclude<ReferenceOptions, "prefix"> {
+    depth: number;
+    type: string;
+    key: string;
+    root: string;
+    path: string[];
+    display: string;
+    toString(): string;
+  }
 
-    interface ExtensionRule {
-        /**
-         * alternative name for this rule.
-         */
-        alias?: string;
-        /**
-         * whether rule supports multiple invocations.
-         */
-        multi?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * Dual rule: converts or validates.
-         */
-        convert?: boolean;
-        /**
-         * list of arguments accepted by `method`.
-         */
-        args?: Array<RuleArgs | string>;
-        /**
-         * rule body.
-         */
-        method?: RuleMethod | false;
-        /**
-         * validation function.
-         */
-        validate?(value: any, helpers: any, args: Record<string, any>, options: any): any;
+  type ExtensionBoundSchema = Schema & SchemaInternals;
 
-        /**
-         * undocumented flags.
-         */
-        priority?: boolean;
-        manifest?: boolean;
-    }
+  interface RuleArgs {
+    name: string;
+    ref?: boolean;
+    assert?: ((value: any) => boolean) | AnySchema;
+    message?: string;
 
-    interface CoerceResult {
-        errors?: ErrorReport[];
-        value?: any;
-    }
+    /**
+     * Undocumented properties
+     */
+    normalize?(value: any): any;
+  }
 
-    type CoerceFunction = (value: any, helpers: CustomHelpers) => CoerceResult;
+  type RuleMethod = (...args: any[]) => any;
 
-    interface CoerceObject {
-        method: CoerceFunction;
-        from?: string | string[];
-    }
+  interface ExtensionRule {
+    /**
+     * alternative name for this rule.
+     */
+    alias?: string;
+    /**
+     * whether rule supports multiple invocations.
+     */
+    multi?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * Dual rule: converts or validates.
+     */
+    convert?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * list of arguments accepted by `method`.
+     */
+    args?: Array<RuleArgs | string>;
+    /**
+     * rule body.
+     */
+    method?: RuleMethod | false;
+    /**
+     * validation function.
+     */
+    validate?(
+      value: any,
+      helpers: any,
+      args: Record<string, any>,
+      options: any
+    ): any;
 
-    interface ExtensionFlag {
-        setter?: string;
-        default?: any;
-    }
+    /**
+     * undocumented flags.
+     */
+    priority?: boolean;
+    manifest?: boolean;
+  }
 
-    interface ExtensionTermManifest {
-        mapped: {
-            from: string;
-            to: string;
-        };
-    }
+  interface CoerceResult {
+    errors?: ErrorReport[];
+    value?: any;
+  }
 
-    interface ExtensionTerm {
-        init: any[] | null;
-        register?: any;
-        manifest?: Record<string, 'schema' | 'single' | ExtensionTermManifest>;
-    }
+  type CoerceFunction = (value: any, helpers: CustomHelpers) => CoerceResult;
 
-    interface Extension {
-        type: string | RegExp;
-        args?(...args: SchemaLike[]): Schema;
-        base?: Schema;
-        coerce?: CoerceFunction | CoerceObject;
-        flags?: Record<string, ExtensionFlag>;
-        manifest?: {
-            build?(obj: ExtensionBoundSchema, desc: Record<string, any>): any;
-        };
-        messages?: LanguageMessages | string;
-        modifiers?: Record<string, (rule: any, enabled?: boolean) => any>;
-        overrides?: Record<string, (value: any) => Schema>;
-        prepare?(value: any, helpers: CustomHelpers): any;
-        rebuild?(schema: ExtensionBoundSchema): void;
-        rules?: Record<string, ExtensionRule & ThisType<SchemaInternals>>;
-        terms?: Record<string, ExtensionTerm>;
-        validate?(value: any, helpers: CustomHelpers): any;
+  interface CoerceObject {
+    method: CoerceFunction;
+    from?: string | string[];
+  }
 
-        /**
-         * undocumented options
-         */
-        cast?: Record<string, { from(value: any): any; to(value: any, helpers: CustomHelpers): any }>;
-        properties?: Record<string, any>;
-    }
+  interface ExtensionFlag {
+    setter?: string;
+    default?: any;
+  }
 
-    type ExtensionFactory = (joi: Root) => Extension;
+  interface ExtensionTermManifest {
+    mapped: {
+      from: string;
+      to: string;
+    };
+  }
+
+  interface ExtensionTerm {
+    init: any[] | null;
+    register?: any;
+    manifest?: Record<string, "schema" | "single" | ExtensionTermManifest>;
+  }
+
+  interface Extension {
+    type: string | RegExp;
+    args?(...args: SchemaLike[]): Schema;
+    base?: Schema;
+    coerce?: CoerceFunction | CoerceObject;
+    flags?: Record<string, ExtensionFlag>;
+    manifest?: {
+      build?(obj: ExtensionBoundSchema, desc: Record<string, any>): any;
+    };
+    messages?: LanguageMessages | string;
+    modifiers?: Record<string, (rule: any, enabled?: boolean) => any>;
+    overrides?: Record<string, (value: any) => Schema>;
+    prepare?(value: any, helpers: CustomHelpers): any;
+    rebuild?(schema: ExtensionBoundSchema): void;
+    rules?: Record<string, ExtensionRule & ThisType<SchemaInternals>>;
+    terms?: Record<string, ExtensionTerm>;
+    validate?(value: any, helpers: CustomHelpers): any;
 
-    interface Err {
-        toString(): string;
-    }
+    /**
+     * undocumented options
+     */
+    cast?: Record<
+      string,
+      { from(value: any): any; to(value: any, helpers: CustomHelpers): any }
+    >;
+    properties?: Record<string, any>;
+  }
 
-    // --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
+  type ExtensionFactory = (joi: Root) => Extension;
 
-    interface Root {
-        /**
-         * Current version of the joi package.
-         */
-        version: string;
+  interface Err {
+    toString(): string;
+  }
 
-        ValidationError: new (message: string, details: ValidationErrorItem[], original: any) => ValidationError;
+  // --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
 
-        /**
-         * Generates a schema object that matches any data type.
-         */
-        any<TSchema = any>(): AnySchema<TSchema>;
+  interface Root {
+    /**
+     * Current version of the joi package.
+     */
+    version: string;
 
-        /**
-         * Generates a schema object that matches an array data type.
-         */
-        array<TSchema = any[]>(): ArraySchema<TSchema>;
+    ValidationError: new (
+      message: string,
+      details: ValidationErrorItem[],
+      original: any
+    ) => ValidationError;
 
-        /**
-         * Generates a schema object that matches a boolean data type (as well as the strings 'true', 'false', 'yes', and 'no'). Can also be called via boolean().
-         */
-        bool<TSchema = boolean>(): BooleanSchema<TSchema>;
+    /**
+     * Generates a schema object that matches any data type.
+     */
+    any<TSchema = any>(): AnySchema<TSchema>;
 
-        /**
-         * Generates a schema object that matches a boolean data type (as well as the strings 'true', 'false', 'yes', and 'no'). Can also be called via bool().
-         */
-        boolean<TSchema = boolean>(): BooleanSchema<TSchema>;
+    /**
+     * Generates a schema object that matches an array data type.
+     */
+    array<TSchema = any[]>(): ArraySchema<TSchema>;
 
-        /**
-         * Generates a schema object that matches a Buffer data type (as well as the strings which will be converted to Buffers).
-         */
-        binary<TSchema = Buffer>(): BinarySchema<TSchema>;
+    /**
+     * Generates a schema object that matches a boolean data type (as well as the strings 'true' and 'false'). Can also be called via boolean().
+     */
+    bool<TSchema = boolean>(): BooleanSchema<TSchema>;
 
-        /**
-         * Generates a schema object that matches a date type (as well as a JavaScript date string or number of milliseconds).
-         */
-        date<TSchema = Date>(): DateSchema<TSchema>;
+    /**
+     * Generates a schema object that matches a boolean data type (as well as the strings 'true' and 'false'). Can also be called via bool().
+     */
+    boolean<TSchema = boolean>(): BooleanSchema<TSchema>;
 
-        /**
-         * Generates a schema object that matches a function type.
-         */
-        func<TSchema = Function>(): FunctionSchema<TSchema>;
+    /**
+     * Generates a schema object that matches a Buffer data type (as well as the strings which will be converted to Buffers).
+     */
+    binary<TSchema = Buffer>(): BinarySchema<TSchema>;
 
-        /**
-         * Generates a schema object that matches a function type.
-         */
-        function<TSchema = Function>(): FunctionSchema<TSchema>;
+    /**
+     * Generates a schema object that matches a date type (as well as a JavaScript date string or number of milliseconds).
+     */
+    date<TSchema = Date>(): DateSchema<TSchema>;
 
-        /**
-         * Generates a schema object that matches a number data type (as well as strings that can be converted to numbers).
-         */
-        number<TSchema = number>(): NumberSchema<TSchema>;
+    /**
+     * Generates a schema object that matches a function type.
+     */
+    func<TSchema = Function>(): FunctionSchema<TSchema>;
 
-        /**
-         * Generates a schema object that matches an object data type (as well as JSON strings that have been parsed into objects).
-         */
-        // tslint:disable-next-line:no-unnecessary-generics
-        object<TSchema = any, isStrict = false, T = TSchema>(schema?: SchemaMap<T, isStrict>): ObjectSchema<TSchema>;
+    /**
+     * Generates a schema object that matches a function type.
+     */
+    function<TSchema = Function>(): FunctionSchema<TSchema>;
 
-        /**
-         * Generates a schema object that matches a string data type. Note that empty strings are not allowed by default and must be enabled with allow('').
-         */
-        string<TSchema = string>(): StringSchema<TSchema>;
+    /**
+     * Generates a schema object that matches a number data type (as well as strings that can be converted to numbers).
+     */
+    number<TSchema = number>(): NumberSchema<TSchema>;
 
-        /**
-         * Generates a schema object that matches any symbol.
-         */
-        symbol<TSchema = Symbol>(): SymbolSchema<TSchema>;
+    /**
+     * Generates a schema object that matches an object data type (as well as JSON strings that have been parsed into objects).
+     */
+    // tslint:disable-next-line:no-unnecessary-generics
+    object<TSchema = any, isStrict = false, T = TSchema>(
+      schema?: SchemaMap<T, isStrict>
+    ): ObjectSchema<TSchema>;
 
-        /**
-         * Generates a type that will match one of the provided alternative schemas
-         */
-        alternatives<TSchema = any>(types: SchemaLike[]): AlternativesSchema<TSchema>;
-        alternatives<TSchema = any>(...types: SchemaLike[]): AlternativesSchema<TSchema>;
+    /**
+     * Generates a schema object that matches a string data type. Note that empty strings are not allowed by default and must be enabled with allow('').
+     */
+    string<TSchema = string>(): StringSchema<TSchema>;
 
-        /**
-         * Alias for `alternatives`
-         */
-        alt<TSchema = any>(types: SchemaLike[]): AlternativesSchema<TSchema>;
-        alt<TSchema = any>(...types: SchemaLike[]): AlternativesSchema<TSchema>;
+    /**
+     * Generates a schema object that matches any symbol.
+     */
+    symbol<TSchema = Symbol>(): SymbolSchema<TSchema>;
 
-        /**
-         * Links to another schema node and reuses it for validation, typically for creative recursive schemas.
-         *
-         * @param ref - the reference to the linked schema node.
-         * Cannot reference itself or its children as well as other links.
-         * Links can be expressed in relative terms like value references (`Joi.link('...')`),
-         * in absolute terms from the schema run-time root (`Joi.link('/a')`),
-         * or using schema ids implicitly using object keys or explicitly using `any.id()` (`Joi.link('#a.b.c')`).
-         */
-        link<TSchema = any>(ref?: string): LinkSchema<TSchema>;
+    /**
+     * Generates a type that will match one of the provided alternative schemas
+     */
+    alternatives<A, B>(
+      params: [SchemaLike<A>, SchemaLike<B>]
+    ): AlternativesSchema<A | B>;
+    alternatives<A, B, C>(
+      params: [SchemaLike<A>, SchemaLike<B>, SchemaLike<C>]
+    ): AlternativesSchema<A | B | C>;
+    alternatives<A, B, C, D>(
+      params: [SchemaLike<A>, SchemaLike<B>, SchemaLike<C>, SchemaLike<D>]
+    ): AlternativesSchema<A | B | C | D>;
+    alternatives<A, B, C, D, E>(
+      params: [
+        SchemaLike<A>,
+        SchemaLike<B>,
+        SchemaLike<C>,
+        SchemaLike<D>,
+        SchemaLike<E>
+      ]
+    ): AlternativesSchema<A | B | C | D | E>;
+    alternatives<A, B>(
+      a: SchemaLike<A>,
+      b: SchemaLike<B>
+    ): AlternativesSchema<A | B>;
+    alternatives<A, B, C>(
+      a: SchemaLike<A>,
+      b: SchemaLike<B>,
+      c: SchemaLike<C>
+    ): AlternativesSchema<A | B | C>;
+    alternatives<A, B, C, D>(
+      a: SchemaLike<A>,
+      b: SchemaLike<B>,
+      c: SchemaLike<C>,
+      d: SchemaLike<D>
+    ): AlternativesSchema<A | B | C | D>;
+    alternatives<A, B, C, D, E>(
+      a: SchemaLike<A>,
+      b: SchemaLike<B>,
+      c: SchemaLike<C>,
+      d: SchemaLike<D>,
+      e: SchemaLike<E>
+    ): AlternativesSchema<A | B | C | D | E>;
+    alternatives<TSchema = any>(
+      types: SchemaLike<TSchema>[]
+    ): AlternativesSchema<TSchema>;
+    alternatives<TSchema = any>(
+      ...types: SchemaLike<TSchema>[]
+    ): AlternativesSchema<TSchema>;
 
-        /**
-         * Validates a value against a schema and throws if validation fails.
-         *
-         * @param value - the value to validate.
-         * @param schema - the schema object.
-         * @param message - optional message string prefix added in front of the error message. may also be an Error object.
-         */
-        assert(value: any, schema: Schema, options?: ValidationOptions): void;
-        assert(value: any, schema: Schema, message: string | Error, options?: ValidationOptions): void;
+    /**
+     * Alias for `alternatives`
+     */
+    alt<A, B>(
+      params: [SchemaLike<A>, SchemaLike<B>]
+    ): AlternativesSchema<A | B>;
+    alt<A, B, C>(
+      params: [SchemaLike<A>, SchemaLike<B>, SchemaLike<C>]
+    ): AlternativesSchema<A | B | C>;
+    alt<A, B, C, D>(
+      params: [SchemaLike<A>, SchemaLike<B>, SchemaLike<C>, SchemaLike<D>]
+    ): AlternativesSchema<A | B | C | D>;
+    alt<A, B, C, D, E>(
+      params: [
+        SchemaLike<A>,
+        SchemaLike<B>,
+        SchemaLike<C>,
+        SchemaLike<D>,
+        SchemaLike<E>
+      ]
+    ): AlternativesSchema<A | B | C | D | E>;
+    alt<A, B>(a: SchemaLike<A>, b: SchemaLike<B>): AlternativesSchema<A | B>;
+    alt<A, B, C>(
+      a: SchemaLike<A>,
+      b: SchemaLike<B>,
+      c: SchemaLike<C>
+    ): AlternativesSchema<A | B | C>;
+    alt<A, B, C, D>(
+      a: SchemaLike<A>,
+      b: SchemaLike<B>,
+      c: SchemaLike<C>,
+      d: SchemaLike<D>
+    ): AlternativesSchema<A | B | C | D>;
+    alt<A, B, C, D, E>(
+      a: SchemaLike<A>,
+      b: SchemaLike<B>,
+      c: SchemaLike<C>,
+      d: SchemaLike<D>,
+      e: SchemaLike<E>
+    ): AlternativesSchema<A | B | C | D | E>;
+    alt<TSchema = any>(types: SchemaLike[]): AlternativesSchema<TSchema>;
+    alt<TSchema = any>(...types: SchemaLike[]): AlternativesSchema<TSchema>;
+
+    /**
+     * Links to another schema node and reuses it for validation, typically for creative recursive schemas.
+     *
+     * @param ref - the reference to the linked schema node.
+     * Cannot reference itself or its children as well as other links.
+     * Links can be expressed in relative terms like value references (`Joi.link('...')`),
+     * in absolute terms from the schema run-time root (`Joi.link('/a')`),
+     * or using schema ids implicitly using object keys or explicitly using `any.id()` (`Joi.link('#a.b.c')`).
+     */
+    link<TSchema = any>(ref?: string): LinkSchema<TSchema>;
 
-        /**
-         * Validates a value against a schema, returns valid object, and throws if validation fails.
-         *
-         * @param value - the value to validate.
-         * @param schema - the schema object.
-         * @param message - optional message string prefix added in front of the error message. may also be an Error object.
-         */
-        attempt<TSchema extends Schema>(value: any, schema: TSchema, options?: ValidationOptions): TSchema extends Schema<infer Value> ? Value : never;
-        attempt<TSchema extends Schema>(value: any, schema: TSchema, message: string | Error, options?: ValidationOptions): TSchema extends Schema<infer Value> ? Value : never;
+    /**
+     * Validates a value against a schema and throws if validation fails.
+     *
+     * @param value - the value to validate.
+     * @param schema - the schema object.
+     * @param message - optional message string prefix added in front of the error message. may also be an Error object.
+     */
+    assert(value: any, schema: Schema, options?: ValidationOptions): void;
+    assert(
+      value: any,
+      schema: Schema,
+      message: string | Error,
+      options?: ValidationOptions
+    ): void;
 
-        cache: CacheConfiguration;
+    /**
+     * Validates a value against a schema, returns valid object, and throws if validation fails.
+     *
+     * @param value - the value to validate.
+     * @param schema - the schema object.
+     * @param message - optional message string prefix added in front of the error message. may also be an Error object.
+     */
+    attempt<TSchema extends Schema>(
+      value: any,
+      schema: TSchema,
+      options?: ValidationOptions
+    ): TSchema extends Schema<infer Value> ? Value : never;
+    attempt<TSchema extends Schema>(
+      value: any,
+      schema: TSchema,
+      message: string | Error,
+      options?: ValidationOptions
+    ): TSchema extends Schema<infer Value> ? Value : never;
 
-        /**
-         * Converts literal schema definition to joi schema object (or returns the same back if already a joi schema object).
-         */
-        compile(schema: SchemaLike, options?: CompileOptions): Schema;
+    cache: CacheConfiguration;
 
-        /**
-         * Checks if the provided preferences are valid.
-         *
-         * Throws an exception if the prefs object is invalid.
-         *
-         * The method is provided to perform inputs validation for the `any.validate()` and `any.validateAsync()` methods.
-         * Validation is not performed automatically for performance reasons. Instead, manually validate the preferences passed once and reuse.
-         */
-        checkPreferences(prefs: ValidationOptions): void;
+    /**
+     * Converts literal schema definition to joi schema object (or returns the same back if already a joi schema object).
+     */
+    compile(schema: SchemaLike, options?: CompileOptions): Schema;
 
-        /**
-         * Creates a custom validation schema.
-         */
-        custom(fn: CustomValidator, description?: string): Schema;
+    /**
+     * Checks if the provided preferences are valid.
+     *
+     * Throws an exception if the prefs object is invalid.
+     *
+     * The method is provided to perform inputs validation for the `any.validate()` and `any.validateAsync()` methods.
+     * Validation is not performed automatically for performance reasons. Instead, manually validate the preferences passed once and reuse.
+     */
+    checkPreferences(prefs: ValidationOptions): void;
 
-        /**
-         * Creates a new Joi instance that will apply defaults onto newly created schemas
-         * through the use of the fn function that takes exactly one argument, the schema being created.
-         *
-         * @param fn - The function must always return a schema, even if untransformed.
-         */
-        defaults(fn: SchemaFunction): Root;
+    /**
+     * Creates a custom validation schema.
+     */
+    custom(fn: CustomValidator, description?: string): Schema;
 
-        /**
-         * Generates a dynamic expression using a template string.
-         */
-        expression(template: string, options?: ReferenceOptions): any;
+    /**
+     * Creates a new Joi instance that will apply defaults onto newly created schemas
+     * through the use of the fn function that takes exactly one argument, the schema being created.
+     *
+     * @param fn - The function must always return a schema, even if untransformed.
+     */
+    defaults(fn: SchemaFunction): Root;
 
-        /**
-         * Creates a new Joi instance customized with the extension(s) you provide included.
-         */
-        extend(...extensions: Array<Extension | ExtensionFactory>): any;
+    /**
+     * Generates a dynamic expression using a template string.
+     */
+    expression(template: string, options?: ReferenceOptions): any;
 
-        /**
-         * Creates a reference that when resolved, is used as an array of values to match against the rule.
-         */
-        in(ref: string, options?: ReferenceOptions): Reference;
+    /**
+     * Creates a new Joi instance customized with the extension(s) you provide included.
+     */
+    extend(...extensions: Array<Extension | ExtensionFactory>): any;
 
-        /**
-         * Checks whether or not the provided argument is an instance of ValidationError
-         */
-        isError(error: any): error is ValidationError;
+    /**
+     * Creates a reference that when resolved, is used as an array of values to match against the rule.
+     */
+    in(ref: string, options?: ReferenceOptions): Reference;
 
-        /**
-         * Checks whether or not the provided argument is an expression.
-         */
-        isExpression(expression: any): boolean;
+    /**
+     * Checks whether or not the provided argument is an instance of ValidationError
+     */
+    isError(error: any): error is ValidationError;
 
-        /**
-         * Checks whether or not the provided argument is a reference. It's especially useful if you want to post-process error messages.
-         */
-        isRef(ref: any): ref is Reference;
+    /**
+     * Checks whether or not the provided argument is an expression.
+     */
+    isExpression(expression: any): boolean;
 
-        /**
-         * Checks whether or not the provided argument is a joi schema.
-         */
-        isSchema(schema: any, options?: CompileOptions): schema is AnySchema;
+    /**
+     * Checks whether or not the provided argument is a reference. It's especially useful if you want to post-process error messages.
+     */
+    isRef(ref: any): ref is Reference;
 
-        /**
-         * A special value used with `any.allow()`, `any.invalid()`, and `any.valid()` as the first value to reset any previously set values.
-         */
-        override: symbol;
+    /**
+     * Checks whether or not the provided argument is a joi schema.
+     */
+    isSchema(schema: any, options?: CompileOptions): schema is AnySchema;
 
-        /**
-         * Generates a reference to the value of the named key.
-         */
-        ref(key: string, options?: ReferenceOptions): Reference;
+    /**
+     * A special value used with `any.allow()`, `any.invalid()`, and `any.valid()` as the first value to reset any previously set values.
+     */
+    override: symbol;
 
-        /**
-         * Returns an object where each key is a plain joi schema type.
-         * Useful for creating type shortcuts using deconstruction.
-         * Note that the types are already formed and do not need to be called as functions (e.g. `string`, not `string()`).
-         */
-        types(): {
-            alternatives: AlternativesSchema;
-            any: AnySchema;
-            array: ArraySchema;
-            binary: BinarySchema;
-            boolean: BooleanSchema;
-            date: DateSchema;
-            function: FunctionSchema;
-            link: LinkSchema;
-            number: NumberSchema;
-            object: ObjectSchema;
-            string: StringSchema;
-            symbol: SymbolSchema;
-        };
+    /**
+     * Generates a reference to the value of the named key.
+     */
+    ref(key: string, options?: ReferenceOptions): Reference;
 
-        /**
-         * Generates a dynamic expression using a template string.
-         */
-        x(template: string, options?: ReferenceOptions): any;
+    /**
+     * Returns an object where each key is a plain joi schema type.
+     * Useful for creating type shortcuts using deconstruction.
+     * Note that the types are already formed and do not need to be called as functions (e.g. `string`, not `string()`).
+     */
+    types(): {
+      alternatives: AlternativesSchema;
+      any: AnySchema;
+      array: ArraySchema;
+      binary: BinarySchema;
+      boolean: BooleanSchema;
+      date: DateSchema;
+      function: FunctionSchema;
+      link: LinkSchema;
+      number: NumberSchema;
+      object: ObjectSchema;
+      string: StringSchema;
+      symbol: SymbolSchema;
+    };
 
-        // --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
-        // Below are undocumented APIs. use at your own risk
-        // --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
+    /**
+     * Generates a dynamic expression using a template string.
+     */
+    x(template: string, options?: ReferenceOptions): any;
 
-        /**
-         * Whitelists a value
-         */
-        allow(...values: any[]): Schema;
+    // --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
+    // Below are undocumented APIs. use at your own risk
+    // --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
 
-        /**
-         * Adds the provided values into the allowed whitelist and marks them as the only valid values allowed.
-         */
-        valid(...values: any[]): Schema;
-        equal(...values: any[]): Schema;
+    /**
+     * Whitelists a value
+     */
+    allow(...values: any[]): Schema;
 
-        /**
-         * Blacklists a value
-         */
-        invalid(...values: any[]): Schema;
-        disallow(...values: any[]): Schema;
-        not(...values: any[]): Schema;
+    /**
+     * Adds the provided values into the allowed whitelist and marks them as the only valid values allowed.
+     */
+    valid(...values: any[]): Schema;
+    equal(...values: any[]): Schema;
 
-        /**
-         * Marks a key as required which will not allow undefined as value. All keys are optional by default.
-         */
-        required(): Schema;
+    /**
+     * Blacklists a value
+     */
+    invalid(...values: any[]): Schema;
+    disallow(...values: any[]): Schema;
+    not(...values: any[]): Schema;
 
-        /**
-         * Alias of `required`.
-         */
-        exist(): Schema;
+    /**
+     * Marks a key as required which will not allow undefined as value. All keys are optional by default.
+     */
+    required(): Schema;
 
-        /**
-         * Marks a key as optional which will allow undefined as values. Used to annotate the schema for readability as all keys are optional by default.
-         */
-        optional(): Schema;
+    /**
+     * Alias of `required`.
+     */
+    exist(): Schema;
 
-        /**
-         * Marks a key as forbidden which will not allow any value except undefined. Used to explicitly forbid keys.
-         */
-        forbidden(): Schema;
+    /**
+     * Marks a key as optional which will allow undefined as values. Used to annotate the schema for readability as all keys are optional by default.
+     */
+    optional(): Schema;
 
-        /**
-         * Overrides the global validate() options for the current key and any sub-key.
-         */
-        preferences(options: ValidationOptions): Schema;
+    /**
+     * Marks a key as forbidden which will not allow any value except undefined. Used to explicitly forbid keys.
+     */
+    forbidden(): Schema;
 
-        /**
-         * Overrides the global validate() options for the current key and any sub-key.
-         */
-        prefs(options: ValidationOptions): Schema;
+    /**
+     * Overrides the global validate() options for the current key and any sub-key.
+     */
+    preferences(options: ValidationOptions): Schema;
 
-        /**
-         * Converts the type into an alternatives type where the conditions are merged into the type definition where:
-         */
-        when(ref: string | Reference, options: WhenOptions | WhenOptions[]): AlternativesSchema;
-        when(ref: Schema, options: WhenSchemaOptions): AlternativesSchema;
+    /**
+     * Overrides the global validate() options for the current key and any sub-key.
+     */
+    prefs(options: ValidationOptions): Schema;
 
-        /**
-         * Unsure, maybe alias for `compile`?
-         */
-        build(...args: any[]): any;
+    /**
+     * Converts the type into an alternatives type where the conditions are merged into the type definition where:
+     */
+    when(
+      ref: string | Reference,
+      options: WhenOptions | WhenOptions[]
+    ): AlternativesSchema;
+    when(ref: Schema, options: WhenSchemaOptions): AlternativesSchema;
 
-        /**
-         * Unsure, maybe alias for `preferences`?
-         */
-        options(...args: any[]): any;
+    /**
+     * Unsure, maybe alias for `compile`?
+     */
+    build(...args: any[]): any;
 
-        /**
-         * Unsure, maybe leaked from `@hapi/lab/coverage/initialize`
-         */
-        trace(...args: any[]): any;
-        untrace(...args: any[]): any;
-    }
+    /**
+     * Unsure, maybe alias for `preferences`?
+     */
+    options(...args: any[]): any;
+
+    /**
+     * Unsure, maybe leaked from `@hapi/lab/coverage/initialize`
+     */
+    trace(...args: any[]): any;
+    untrace(...args: any[]): any;
+  }
 }
 
 declare const Joi: Joi.Root;
@@ -3184,10 +3534,16 @@ type StrictSchemaMap<TSchema = any> = {
 
 type SchemaMap<TSchema = any, isStrict = false> = isStrict extends true ? StrictSchemaMap<TSchema> : PartialSchemaMap<TSchema>;
 
-type SchemaLikeWithoutArray = string | number | boolean | null | Schema$1 | SchemaMap;
+type Primitives = string | number | boolean | bigint | symbol | null;
+
+type SchemaLikeWithoutArray<TSchema = any> = Exclude<Primitives | Schema$1<TSchema> | SchemaMap<TSchema>, any[]>;
 
 type SchemaLike = SchemaLikeWithoutArray | object;
 
+type NoNestedArrays<T extends readonly unknown[]> = Extract<T[number], readonly unknown[]> extends never ? T : never;
+
+type UnwrapSchemaLikeWithoutArray<T> = T extends SchemaLikeWithoutArray<infer U> ? U : never;
+
 interface ArraySchema<TSchema = any[]> extends AnySchema<TSchema> {
     /**
      * Verifies that an assertion passes for at least one item in the array, where:
@@ -3203,9 +3559,17 @@ interface ArraySchema<TSchema = any[]> extends AnySchema<TSchema> {
      * Errors will contain the number of items that didn't match.
      * Any unmatched item having a label will be mentioned explicitly.
      *
-     * @param types - a joi schema object to validate each array item against.
-     */
-    items(...types: SchemaLikeWithoutArray[]): this;
+     * @param type - a joi schema object to validate each array item against.
+     */
+    items<A>(a: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<A>): ArraySchema<A[]>;
+    items<A, B>(a: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<A>, b: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<B>): ArraySchema<(A | B)[]>;
+    items<A, B, C>(a: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<A>, b: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<B>, c: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<C>): ArraySchema<(A | B | C)[]>;
+    items<A, B, C, D>(a: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<A>, b: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<B>, c: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<C>, d: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<D>): ArraySchema<(A | B | C | D)[]>;
+    items<A, B, C, D, E>(a: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<A>, b: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<B>, c: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<C>, d: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<D>, e: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<E>): ArraySchema<(A | B | C | D | E)[]>;
+    items<A, B, C, D, E, F>(a: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<A>, b: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<B>, c: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<C>, d: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<D>, e: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<E>, f: SchemaLikeWithoutArray<F>): ArraySchema<(A | B | C | D | E | F)[]>;
+    items<TItems, TTItems extends SchemaLikeWithoutArray<TItems>[] = SchemaLikeWithoutArray<TItems>[]>(...types: NoNestedArrays<TTItems>): ArraySchema<{
+        [I in keyof TTItems]: UnwrapSchemaLikeWithoutArray<TTItems[I]>;
+    }[number][]>;
     /**
      * Specifies the exact number of items in the array.
      */
@@ -3816,6 +4180,18 @@ interface AnySchema<TSchema = any> {
     when(ref: Schema$1, options: WhenSchemaOptions): this;
 }
 
+interface BigIntSchema<T = bigint> extends AnySchema<T> {
+    greater(limit: bigint | Reference): this;
+    less(limit: bigint | Reference): this;
+    max(limit: bigint | Reference): this;
+    min(limit: bigint | Reference): this;
+    multiple(base: bigint | Reference): this;
+    negative(): this;
+    port(): this;
+    positive(): this;
+    sign(sign: 'positive' | 'negative'): this;
+}
+
 declare class DataValidator {
     /**
      * 任意类型验证
@@ -3832,6 +4208,11 @@ declare class DataValidator {
      * @constructor
      */
     static Number<TSchema = number>(): NumberSchema<TSchema>;
+    /**
+     * 大数类型验证
+     * @constructor
+     */
+    static BigInt<TSchema = bigint>(): BigIntSchema<TSchema>;
     /**
      * 布尔类型验证
      * @constructor
@@ -4145,4 +4526,4 @@ declare class DTO extends DataValidator {
 }
 
 export { DTO };
-export type { AlternativesSchema, AnySchema, ArraySchema, BinarySchema, BooleanSchema, CustomValidator, DateSchema, FunctionSchema, JSONSchema, LinkSchema, NumberSchema, ObjectSchema, Reference, ReferenceOptions, Schema$1 as Schema, SchemaFunction, SchemaLike, StringSchema, SymbolSchema, ValidationOptions };
+export type { AlternativesSchema, AnySchema, ArraySchema, BigIntSchema, BinarySchema, BooleanSchema, CustomValidator, DateSchema, FunctionSchema, JSONSchema, LinkSchema, NoNestedArrays, NumberSchema, ObjectSchema, Primitives, Reference, ReferenceOptions, Schema$1 as Schema, SchemaFunction, SchemaLike, SchemaLikeWithoutArray, StringSchema, SymbolSchema, UnwrapSchemaLikeWithoutArray, ValidationOptions };