koilib 5.5.3 → 5.5.5

package/src/Signer.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,827 @@
+/* eslint-disable no-param-reassign, @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call, @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access, @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment */
+import { sha256 } from "@noble/hashes/sha256";
+import * as secp from "@noble/secp256k1";
+import { Provider } from "./Provider";
+import {
+  TransactionJson,
+  TransactionJsonWait,
+  BlockJson,
+  RecoverPublicKeyOptions,
+  Abi,
+  TypeField,
+  TransactionReceipt,
+  SendTransactionOptions,
+} from "./interface";
+import {
+  bitcoinAddress,
+  bitcoinDecode,
+  bitcoinEncode,
+  btypeDecode,
+  calculateMerkleRoot,
+  decodeBase64url,
+  encodeBase64url,
+  toHexString,
+  toUint8Array,
+} from "./utils";
+// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/ban-ts-comment
+// @ts-ignore
+import { koinos } from "./protoModules/protocol-proto.js";
+
+export interface SignerInterface {
+  provider?: Provider;
+  getAddress: (compressed?: boolean) => string;
+  getPrivateKey: (format: "wif" | "hex", compressed?: boolean) => string;
+  signHash: (hash: Uint8Array) => Promise<Uint8Array>;
+  signMessage: (message: string | Uint8Array) => Promise<Uint8Array>;
+
+  // Transaction
+  prepareTransaction: (tx: TransactionJson) => Promise<TransactionJson>;
+  signTransaction: (
+    transaction: TransactionJson | TransactionJsonWait,
+    abis?: Record<string, Abi>
+  ) => Promise<TransactionJson>;
+  sendTransaction: (
+    transaction: TransactionJson | TransactionJsonWait,
+    options?: SendTransactionOptions
+  ) => Promise<{
+    receipt: TransactionReceipt;
+    transaction: TransactionJsonWait;
+  }>;
+
+  // Block
+  prepareBlock: (block: BlockJson) => Promise<BlockJson>;
+  signBlock: (block: BlockJson) => Promise<BlockJson>;
+}
+
+const btypeBlockHeader: TypeField["subtypes"] = {
+  previous: { type: "bytes", btype: "BLOCK_ID" },
+  height: { type: "uint64" },
+  timestamp: { type: "uint64" },
+  previous_state_merkle_root: { type: "bytes" },
+  transaction_merkle_root: { type: "bytes" },
+  signer: { type: "bytes", btype: "ADDRESS" },
+};
+
+const btypeTransactionHeader: TypeField["subtypes"] = {
+  chain_id: { type: "bytes" },
+  rc_limit: { type: "uint64" },
+  nonce: { type: "bytes" },
+  operation_merkle_root: { type: "bytes" },
+  payer: { type: "bytes", btype: "ADDRESS" },
+  payee: { type: "bytes", btype: "ADDRESS" },
+};
+
+const btypesOperation: TypeField["subtypes"] = {
+  upload_contract: {
+    type: "object",
+    subtypes: {
+      contract_id: { type: "bytes", btype: "CONTRACT_ID" },
+      bytecode: { type: "bytes" },
+      abi: { type: "string" },
+      authorizes_call_contract: { type: "bool" },
+      authorizes_transaction_application: { type: "bool" },
+      authorizes_upload_contract: { type: "bool" },
+    },
+  },
+  call_contract: {
+    type: "object",
+    subtypes: {
+      contract_id: { type: "bytes", btype: "CONTRACT_ID" },
+      entry_point: { type: "uint32" },
+      args: { type: "bytes" },
+    },
+  },
+  set_system_call: {
+    type: "object",
+    subtypes: {
+      call_id: { type: "uint32" },
+      target: {
+        type: "object",
+        subtypes: {
+          thunk_id: { type: "uint32" },
+          system_call_bundle: {
+            type: "object",
+            subtypes: {
+              contract_id: { type: "bytes", btype: "CONTRACT_ID" },
+              entry_point: { type: "uint32" },
+            },
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  set_system_contract: {
+    type: "object",
+    subtypes: {
+      contract_id: { type: "bytes", btype: "CONTRACT_ID" },
+      system_contract: { type: "bool" },
+    },
+  },
+};
+
+/**
+ * The Signer Class contains the private key needed to sign transactions.
+ * It can be created using the seed, wif, or private key
+ *
+ * @example
+ * using private key as hex string
+ * ```ts
+ * var privateKey = "ec8601a24f81decd57f4b611b5ac6eb801cb3780bb02c0f9cdfe9d09daaddf9c";
+ * var signer = new Signer({ privateKey });
+ * ```
+ * <br>
+ *
+ * using private key as Uint8Array
+ * ```ts
+ * var buffer = new Uint8Array([
+ *   236, 134,   1, 162,  79, 129, 222, 205,
+ *    87, 244, 182,  17, 181, 172, 110, 184,
+ *     1, 203,  55, 128, 187,   2, 192, 249,
+ *   205, 254, 157,   9, 218, 173, 223, 156
+ * ]);
+ * var signer = new Signer({ privateKey: buffer });
+ * ```
+ *
+ * <br>
+ *
+ * using private key as bigint
+ * ```ts
+ * var privateKey = 106982601049961974618234078204952280507266494766432547312316920283818886029212n;
+ * var signer = new Signer({ privateKey });
+ * ```
+ *
+ * <br>
+ *
+ * using the seed
+ * ```ts
+ * var signer = Signer.fromSeed("my seed");
+ * ```
+ *
+ * <br>
+ *
+ * using private key in WIF format
+ * ```ts
+ * var signer = Signer.fromWif("L59UtJcTdNBnrH2QSBA5beSUhRufRu3g6tScDTite6Msuj7U93tM");
+ * ```
+ *
+ * <br>
+ *
+ * defining a provider
+ * ```ts
+ * var provider = new Provider(["https://example.com/jsonrpc"]);
+ * var privateKey = "ec8601a24f81decd57f4b611b5ac6eb801cb3780bb02c0f9cdfe9d09daaddf9c";
+ * var signer = new Signer({ privateKey, provider });
+ * ```
+ */
+export class Signer implements SignerInterface {
+  /**
+   * Boolean determining if the public/private key
+   * is using the compressed format
+   */
+  compressed: boolean;
+
+  private privateKey: string | number | bigint | Uint8Array;
+
+  publicKey: string | Uint8Array;
+
+  /**
+   * Account address
+   */
+  address: string;
+
+  /**
+   * Chain id
+   */
+  chainId = "";
+
+  /**
+   * Provider to connect with the blockchain
+   */
+  provider?: Provider;
+
+  /**
+   * Options to apply when sending a transaction.
+   * By default broadcast is true and the other fields
+   * are undefined
+   */
+  sendOptions?: SendTransactionOptions;
+
+  /**
+   * The constructor receives de private key as hexstring, bigint or Uint8Array.
+   * See also the functions [[Signer.fromWif]] and [[Signer.fromSeed]]
+   * to create the signer from the WIF or Seed respectively.
+   *
+   * @param privateKey - Private key as hexstring, bigint or Uint8Array
+   * @param compressed - compressed format is true by default
+   * @param provider - provider to connect with the blockchain
+   * @example
+   * ```ts
+   * const privateKey = "ec8601a24f81decd57f4b611b5ac6eb801cb3780bb02c0f9cdfe9d09daaddf9c";
+   * cons signer = new Signer({ privateKey });
+   * console.log(signer.getAddress());
+   * // 1MbL6mG8ASAvSYdoMnGUfG3ZXkmQ2dpL5b
+   * ```
+   */
+  constructor(c: {
+    privateKey: string | number | bigint | Uint8Array;
+    compressed?: boolean;
+    chainId?: string;
+    provider?: Provider;
+    sendOptions?: SendTransactionOptions;
+  }) {
+    this.compressed = typeof c.compressed === "undefined" ? true : c.compressed;
+    this.privateKey = c.privateKey;
+    this.provider = c.provider;
+    if (typeof c.privateKey === "string") {
+      this.publicKey = secp.getPublicKey(c.privateKey, this.compressed);
+      this.address = bitcoinAddress(this.publicKey);
+    } else {
+      this.publicKey = secp.getPublicKey(c.privateKey, this.compressed);
+      this.address = bitcoinAddress(this.publicKey);
+    }
+    if (c.chainId) this.chainId = c.chainId;
+    this.sendOptions = {
+      broadcast: true,
+      ...c.sendOptions,
+    };
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Function to import a private key from the WIF
+   * @param wif  - Private key in WIF format
+   * @example
+   * ```ts
+   * const signer = Signer.fromWif("L59UtJcTdNBnrH2QSBA5beSUhRufRu3g6tScDTite6Msuj7U93tM")
+   * console.log(signer.getAddress());
+   * // 1MbL6mG8ASAvSYdoMnGUfG3ZXkmQ2dpL5b
+   * ```
+   * @returns Signer object
+   */
+  static fromWif(wif: string, compressed = true): Signer {
+    const comp = compressed === undefined ? wif[0] !== "5" : compressed;
+    const privateKey = bitcoinDecode(wif);
+    return new Signer({
+      privateKey: toHexString(privateKey),
+      compressed: comp,
+    });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Function to import a private key from the seed
+   * @param seed - Seed words
+   * @param compressed -
+   * @example
+   * ```ts
+   * const signer = Signer.fromSeed("my seed");
+   * console.log(signer.getAddress());
+   * // 1BqtgWBcqm9cSZ97avLGZGJdgso7wx6pCA
+   * ```
+   * @returns Signer object
+   */
+  static fromSeed(seed: string, compressed = true): Signer {
+    const privateKey = sha256(seed);
+    return new Signer({ privateKey, compressed });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @param compressed - determines if the address should be
+   * derived from the compressed public key (default) or the public key
+   * @returns Signer address
+   */
+  getAddress(compressed = true): string {
+    if (typeof this.privateKey === "string") {
+      const publicKey = secp.getPublicKey(this.privateKey, compressed);
+      return bitcoinAddress(publicKey);
+    }
+    const publicKey = secp.getPublicKey(this.privateKey, compressed);
+    return bitcoinAddress(publicKey);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Function to get the private key in hex format or wif format
+   * @param format - The format must be "hex" (default) or "wif"
+   * @param compressed - Optional arg when using WIF format. By default it
+   * uses the compressed value defined in the signer
+   * @example
+   * ```ts
+   * const signer = Signer.fromSeed("one two three four five six");
+   * console.log(signer.getPrivateKey());
+   * // bab7fd6e5bd624f4ea0c33f7e7219262a6fa93a945a8964d9f110148286b7b37
+   *
+   * console.log(signer.getPrivateKey("wif"));
+   * // L3UfgFJWmbVziGB1uZBjkG1UjKkF7hhpXWY7mbTUdmycmvXCVtiL
+   *
+   * console.log(signer.getPrivateKey("wif", false));
+   * // 5KEX4TMHG66fT7cM9HMZLmdp4hVq4LC4X2Fkg6zeypM5UteWmtd
+   * ```
+   */
+  getPrivateKey(format: "wif" | "hex" = "hex", compressed = false): string {
+    let stringPrivateKey: string;
+    if (this.privateKey instanceof Uint8Array) {
+      stringPrivateKey = toHexString(this.privateKey);
+    } else if (typeof this.privateKey === "string") {
+      stringPrivateKey = this.privateKey;
+    } else {
+      stringPrivateKey = BigInt(this.privateKey).toString(16).padStart(64, "0");
+    }
+
+    const comp = compressed === undefined ? this.compressed : compressed;
+
+    switch (format) {
+      case "hex":
+        return stringPrivateKey;
+      case "wif":
+        return bitcoinEncode(toUint8Array(stringPrivateKey), "private", comp);
+      default:
+        /* eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions */
+        throw new Error(`Invalid format ${format}`);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Function to sign a hash value. It returns the bytes signature.
+   * The signature is in compact format with the recovery byte
+   * @param hash - Hash value. Also known as digest
+   */
+  async signHash(hash: Uint8Array): Promise<Uint8Array> {
+    const [compSignature, recovery] = await secp.sign(hash, this.privateKey, {
+      recovered: true,
+      canonical: true,
+      der: false, // compact signature
+    });
+
+    const compactSignature = new Uint8Array(65);
+    compactSignature.set([recovery + 31], 0);
+    compactSignature.set(compSignature, 1);
+    return compactSignature;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Function to sign a message, which could be a string or a Uint8Array
+   */
+  async signMessage(message: string | Uint8Array): Promise<Uint8Array> {
+    return this.signHash(sha256(message));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Function to sign a transaction. It's important to remark that
+   * the transaction parameter is modified inside this function.
+   * @param tx - Unsigned transaction
+   */
+  async signTransaction(
+    tx: TransactionJson | TransactionJsonWait,
+    _abis?: Record<string, Abi>
+  ): Promise<TransactionJson> {
+    if (!tx.id) throw new Error("Missing transaction id");
+
+    // multihash 0x1220. 12: code sha2-256. 20: length (32 bytes)
+    // tx id is a stringified multihash, need to extract the hash digest only
+    const hash = toUint8Array(tx.id.slice(6));
+
+    const signature = await this.signHash(hash);
+    if (!tx.signatures) tx.signatures = [];
+    tx.signatures.push(encodeBase64url(signature));
+
+    return tx;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Function to sign a block for federated consensus. That is,
+   * just the ecdsa signature. For other algorithms, like PoW,
+   * you have to sign the block and then process the signature
+   * to add the extra data (nonce in the case of PoW).
+   * @param block - Unsigned block
+   */
+  async signBlock(block: BlockJson): Promise<BlockJson> {
+    if (!block.id) throw new Error("Missing block id");
+
+    // multihash 0x1220. 12: code sha2-256. 20: length (32 bytes)
+    // block id is a stringified multihash, need to extract the hash digest only
+    const hash = toUint8Array(block.id.slice(6));
+
+    const signature = await this.signHash(hash);
+
+    block.signature = encodeBase64url(signature);
+
+    return block;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Function to sign and send a transaction. It internally uses
+   * [[Provider.sendTransaction]]
+   * @param transaction - Transaction to send. It will be signed inside this
+   * function if it is not signed yet
+   * @param options - Options for sending the transaction
+   */
+  async sendTransaction(
+    transaction: TransactionJson | TransactionJsonWait,
+    options?: SendTransactionOptions
+  ): Promise<{
+    receipt: TransactionReceipt;
+    transaction: TransactionJsonWait;
+  }> {
+    if (!transaction.signatures || !transaction.signatures?.length)
+      transaction = await this.signTransaction(
+        transaction,
+        options?.sendAbis ? options.abis : undefined
+      );
+    if (!this.provider) throw new Error("provider is undefined");
+    const opts: SendTransactionOptions = {
+      ...this.sendOptions,
+      ...options,
+    };
+    if (opts.beforeSend) {
+      await opts.beforeSend(transaction, options);
+    }
+    return this.provider.sendTransaction(transaction, opts.broadcast);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Function to recover the public key from hash and signature
+   * @param hash - hash sha256
+   * @param signature - compact signature
+   * @param compressed - default true
+   */
+  static recoverPublicKey(
+    hash: Uint8Array,
+    signature: Uint8Array,
+    compressed = true
+  ): string {
+    const compactSignatureHex = toHexString(signature);
+    const recovery = Number(`0x${compactSignatureHex.slice(0, 2)}`) - 31;
+    const rHex = compactSignatureHex.slice(2, 66);
+    const sHex = compactSignatureHex.slice(66);
+    const r = BigInt(`0x${rHex}`);
+    const s = BigInt(`0x${sHex}`);
+    const sig = new secp.Signature(r, s);
+    const publicKey = secp.recoverPublicKey(
+      toHexString(hash),
+      sig.toHex(),
+      recovery
+    );
+
+    if (!publicKey) throw new Error("Public key cannot be recovered");
+    if (!compressed) {
+      return toHexString(publicKey);
+    } else {
+      return secp.Point.fromHex(publicKey).toHex(true);
+    }
+  }
+
+  static recoverAddress(
+    hash: Uint8Array,
+    signature: Uint8Array,
+    compressed = true
+  ): string {
+    return bitcoinAddress(
+      toUint8Array(Signer.recoverPublicKey(hash, signature, compressed))
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Function to recover the publics keys from a signed
+   * transaction or block.
+   * The output format can be compressed (default) or uncompressed.
+   *
+   * @example
+   * ```ts
+   * const publicKeys = await Signer.recoverPublicKeys(tx);
+   * ```
+   *
+   * If the signature data contains more data, like in the
+   * blocks for PoW consensus, use the "transformSignature"
+   * function to extract the signature.
+   *
+   * @example
+   * ```ts
+   *  const powDescriptorJson = {
+   *    nested: {
+   *      mypackage: {
+   *        nested: {
+   *          pow_signature_data: {
+   *            fields: {
+   *              nonce: {
+   *                type: "bytes",
+   *                id: 1,
+   *              },
+   *              recoverable_signature: {
+   *                type: "bytes",
+   *                id: 2,
+   *              },
+   *            },
+   *          },
+   *        },
+   *      },
+   *    },
+   *  };
+   *
+   *  const serializer = new Serializer(powDescriptorJson, {
+   *   defaultTypeName: "pow_signature_data",
+   *  });
+   *
+   *  const publicKeys = await signer.recoverPublicKeys(block, {
+   *    transformSignature: async (signatureData) => {
+   *      const powSignatureData = await serializer.deserialize(signatureData);
+   *      return powSignatureData.recoverable_signature;
+   *    },
+   *  });
+   * ```
+   */
+  async recoverPublicKeys(
+    txOrBlock: TransactionJson | BlockJson,
+    opts?: RecoverPublicKeyOptions
+  ): Promise<string[]> {
+    let compressed = true;
+
+    if (opts && opts.compressed !== undefined) {
+      compressed = opts.compressed;
+    }
+
+    let signatures: string[] = [];
+    let headerBytes: Uint8Array;
+
+    const block = txOrBlock as BlockJson;
+    if (block.signature) {
+      if (!block.header) throw new Error("Missing block header");
+      if (!block.signature) throw new Error("Missing block signature");
+      signatures = [block.signature];
+      const headerDecoded = btypeDecode(block.header, btypeBlockHeader!, false);
+      const message = koinos.protocol.block_header.create(headerDecoded);
+      headerBytes = koinos.protocol.block_header.encode(message).finish();
+    } else {
+      const transaction = txOrBlock as TransactionJson;
+      if (!transaction.header) throw new Error("Missing transaction header");
+      if (!transaction.signatures)
+        throw new Error("Missing transaction signatures");
+      signatures = transaction.signatures;
+      const headerDecoded = btypeDecode(
+        transaction.header,
+        btypeTransactionHeader!,
+        false
+      );
+      const message = koinos.protocol.transaction_header.create(headerDecoded);
+      headerBytes = koinos.protocol.transaction_header.encode(message).finish();
+    }
+
+    const hash = sha256(headerBytes);
+
+    return Promise.all(
+      signatures.map(async (signature) => {
+        if (opts && typeof opts.transformSignature === "function") {
+          signature = await opts.transformSignature(signature);
+        }
+        return Signer.recoverPublicKey(
+          hash,
+          decodeBase64url(signature),
+          compressed
+        );
+      })
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Function to recover the signer addresses from a signed
+   * transaction or block.
+   * The output format can be compressed (default) or uncompressed.
+   * @example
+   * ```ts
+   * const addresses = await signer.recoverAddress(tx);
+   * ```
+   *
+   * If the signature data contains more data, like in the
+   * blocks for PoW consensus, use the "transformSignature"
+   * function to extract the signature.
+   *
+   * @example
+   * ```ts
+   *  const powDescriptorJson = {
+   *    nested: {
+   *      mypackage: {
+   *        nested: {
+   *          pow_signature_data: {
+   *            fields: {
+   *              nonce: {
+   *                type: "bytes",
+   *                id: 1,
+   *              },
+   *              recoverable_signature: {
+   *                type: "bytes",
+   *                id: 2,
+   *              },
+   *            },
+   *          },
+   *        },
+   *      },
+   *    },
+   *  };
+   *
+   *  const serializer = new Serializer(powDescriptorJson, {
+   *   defaultTypeName: "pow_signature_data",
+   *  });
+   *
+   *  const addresses = await signer.recoverAddress(block, {
+   *    transformSignature: async (signatureData) => {
+   *      const powSignatureData = await serializer.deserialize(signatureData);
+   *      return powSignatureData.recoverable_signature;
+   *    },
+   *  });
+   * ```
+   */
+  async recoverAddresses(
+    txOrBlock: TransactionJson | BlockJson,
+    opts?: RecoverPublicKeyOptions
+  ): Promise<string[]> {
+    const publicKeys = await this.recoverPublicKeys(txOrBlock, opts);
+    return publicKeys.map((publicKey) =>
+      bitcoinAddress(toUint8Array(publicKey))
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Function to prepare a transaction
+   * @param tx - Do not set the nonce to get it from the blockchain
+   * using the provider. The rc_limit is 1e8 by default.
+   * @returns A prepared transaction. ()
+   */
+  async prepareTransaction(tx: TransactionJson): Promise<TransactionJson> {
+    if (!tx.header) {
+      tx.header = {};
+    }
+
+    const payer = tx.header.payer ?? this.address;
+    const { payee } = tx.header;
+
+    let nonce;
+    if (tx.header.nonce === undefined) {
+      if (!this.provider)
+        throw new Error(
+          "Cannot get the nonce because provider is undefined. To skip this call set a nonce in the transaction header"
+        );
+      nonce = await this.provider.getNextNonce(payee || payer);
+    } else {
+      nonce = tx.header.nonce;
+    }
+
+    let rcLimit;
+    if (tx.header.rc_limit === undefined) {
+      if (!this.provider)
+        throw new Error(
+          "Cannot get the rc_limit because provider is undefined. To skip this call set a rc_limit in the transaction header"
+        );
+      rcLimit = await this.provider.getAccountRc(payer);
+    } else {
+      rcLimit = tx.header.rc_limit;
+    }
+
+    let chainId = tx.header.chain_id || this.chainId;
+    if (!chainId) {
+      if (!this.provider)
+        throw new Error(
+          "Cannot get the chain_id because provider is undefined. To skip this call set a chain_id in the Signer"
+        );
+      chainId = await this.provider.getChainId();
+      this.chainId = chainId;
+    }
+
+    const operationsHashes: Uint8Array[] = [];
+
+    if (tx.operations) {
+      for (let index = 0; index < tx.operations?.length; index += 1) {
+        const operationDecoded = btypeDecode(
+          tx.operations[index],
+          btypesOperation!,
+          false
+        );
+        const message = koinos.protocol.operation.create(operationDecoded);
+        const operationEncoded = koinos.protocol.operation
+          .encode(message)
+          .finish() as Uint8Array;
+        operationsHashes.push(sha256(operationEncoded));
+      }
+    }
+    const operationMerkleRoot = encodeBase64url(
+      new Uint8Array([
+        // multihash sha256: 18, 32
+        18,
+        32,
+        ...calculateMerkleRoot(operationsHashes),
+      ])
+    );
+
+    tx.header = {
+      chain_id: chainId,
+      rc_limit: rcLimit,
+      nonce,
+      operation_merkle_root: operationMerkleRoot,
+      payer,
+      ...(payee && { payee }),
+      // TODO: Option to resolve names (payer, payee)
+    };
+
+    const headerDecoded = btypeDecode(
+      tx.header,
+      btypeTransactionHeader!,
+      false
+    );
+    const message = koinos.protocol.transaction_header.create(headerDecoded);
+    const headerBytes = koinos.protocol.transaction_header
+      .encode(message)
+      .finish() as Uint8Array;
+
+    const hash = sha256(headerBytes);
+
+    // multihash 0x1220. 12: code sha2-256. 20: length (32 bytes)
+    tx.id = `0x1220${toHexString(hash)}`;
+    return tx;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Function to prepare a block
+   * @param block -
+   * @returns A prepared block. ()
+   */
+  async prepareBlock(block: BlockJson): Promise<BlockJson> {
+    if (!block.header) {
+      block.header = {};
+    }
+
+    const hashes: Uint8Array[] = [];
+
+    if (block.transactions) {
+      for (let index = 0; index < block.transactions.length; index++) {
+        const tx = block.transactions[index];
+        const headerDecoded = btypeDecode(
+          tx.header!,
+          btypeTransactionHeader!,
+          false
+        );
+        const message =
+          koinos.protocol.transaction_header.create(headerDecoded);
+        const headerBytes = koinos.protocol.transaction_header
+          .encode(message)
+          .finish() as Uint8Array;
+
+        hashes.push(sha256(headerBytes));
+
+        let signaturesBytes = new Uint8Array();
+        tx.signatures?.forEach((sig) => {
+          signaturesBytes = new Uint8Array([
+            ...signaturesBytes,
+            ...decodeBase64url(sig),
+          ]);
+        });
+
+        hashes.push(sha256(signaturesBytes));
+      }
+    }
+
+    // retrieve head info if not provided
+    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/naming-convention
+    let { height, previous, previous_state_merkle_root } = block.header;
+
+    if (!height || !previous || !previous_state_merkle_root) {
+      if (!this.provider) {
+        throw new Error(
+          "Cannot get the head info because provider is undefined."
+        );
+      }
+
+      const headInfo = await this.provider.getHeadInfo();
+
+      height = height || `${Number(headInfo.head_topology.height) + 1}`;
+      previous = previous || headInfo.head_topology.id;
+      previous_state_merkle_root =
+        previous_state_merkle_root || headInfo.head_state_merkle_root;
+    }
+
+    block.header = {
+      height,
+      previous,
+      previous_state_merkle_root,
+      timestamp: block.header.timestamp || `${Date.now()}`,
+      transaction_merkle_root: encodeBase64url(
+        new Uint8Array([
+          // multihash sha256: 18, 32
+          18,
+          32,
+          ...calculateMerkleRoot(hashes),
+        ])
+      ),
+      signer: this.address,
+    };
+
+    const headerDecoded = btypeDecode(block.header, btypeBlockHeader!, false);
+    const message = koinos.protocol.block_header.create(headerDecoded);
+    const headerBytes = koinos.protocol.block_header
+      .encode(message)
+      .finish() as Uint8Array;
+
+    const hash = sha256(headerBytes);
+
+    // multihash 0x1220. 12: code sha2-256. 20: length (32 bytes)
+    block.id = `0x1220${toHexString(hash)}`;
+    return block;
+  }
+}
+
+export default Signer;