katex 0.10.0-rc → 0.10.2

package/dist/contrib/mhchem.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,3109 @@
+import katex from '../katex.mjs';
+
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+/* -*- Mode: Javascript; indent-tabs-mode:nil; js-indent-level: 2 -*- */
+
+/* vim: set ts=2 et sw=2 tw=80: */
+
+/*************************************************************
+ *
+ *  KaTeX mhchem.js
+ *
+ *  This file implements a KaTeX version of mhchem version 3.3.0.
+ *  It is adapted from MathJax/extensions/TeX/mhchem.js
+ *  It differs from the MathJax version as follows:
+ *    1. The interface is changed so that it can be called from KaTeX, not MathJax.
+ *    2. \rlap and \llap are replaced with \mathrlap and \mathllap.
+ *    3. Four lines of code are edited in order to use \raisebox instead of \raise.
+ *    4. The reaction arrow code is simplified. All reaction arrows are rendered
+ *       using KaTeX extensible arrows instead of building non-extensible arrows.
+ *    5. \tripledash vertical alignment is slightly adjusted.
+ *
+ *    This code, as other KaTeX code, is released under the MIT license.
+ * 
+ * /*************************************************************
+ *
+ *  MathJax/extensions/TeX/mhchem.js
+ *
+ *  Implements the \ce command for handling chemical formulas
+ *  from the mhchem LaTeX package.
+ *
+ *  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+ *
+ *  Copyright (c) 2011-2015 The MathJax Consortium
+ *  Copyright (c) 2015-2018 Martin Hensel
+ *
+ *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ *  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ *  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ *  limitations under the License.
+ */
+//
+// Coding Style
+//   - use '' for identifiers that can by minified/uglified
+//   - use "" for strings that need to stay untouched
+// version: "3.3.0" for MathJax and KaTeX
+// Add \ce, \pu, and \tripledash to the KaTeX macros.
+katex.__defineMacro("\\ce", function (context) {
+  return chemParse(context.consumeArgs(1)[0], "ce");
+});
+
+katex.__defineMacro("\\pu", function (context) {
+  return chemParse(context.consumeArgs(1)[0], "pu");
+}); //  Needed for \bond for the ~ forms
+//  Raise by 2.56mu, not 2mu. We're raising a hyphen-minus, U+002D, not 
+//  a mathematical minus, U+2212. So we need that extra 0.56.
+
+
+katex.__defineMacro("\\tripledash", "{\\vphantom{-}\\raisebox{2.56mu}{$\\mkern2mu" + "\\tiny\\text{-}\\mkern1mu\\text{-}\\mkern1mu\\text{-}\\mkern2mu$}}");
+//  This is the main function for handing the \ce and \pu commands.
+//  It takes the argument to \ce or \pu and returns the corresponding TeX string.
+//
+
+var chemParse = function chemParse(tokens, stateMachine) {
+  // Recreate the argument string from KaTeX's array of tokens.
+  var str = "";
+  var expectedLoc = tokens[tokens.length - 1].loc.start;
+
+  for (var i = tokens.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+    if (tokens[i].loc.start > expectedLoc) {
+      // context.consumeArgs has eaten a space.
+      str += " ";
+      expectedLoc = tokens[i].loc.start;
+    }
+
+    str += tokens[i].text;
+    expectedLoc += tokens[i].text.length;
+  }
+
+  var tex = texify.go(mhchemParser.go(str, stateMachine));
+  return tex;
+}; //
+// Core parser for mhchem syntax  (recursive)
+//
+
+/** @type {MhchemParser} */
+
+
+var mhchemParser = {
+  //
+  // Parses mchem \ce syntax
+  //
+  // Call like
+  //   go("H2O");
+  //
+  go: function go(input, stateMachine) {
+    if (!input) {
+      return [];
+    }
+
+    if (stateMachine === undefined) {
+      stateMachine = 'ce';
+    }
+
+    var state = '0'; //
+    // String buffers for parsing:
+    //
+    // buffer.a == amount
+    // buffer.o == element
+    // buffer.b == left-side superscript
+    // buffer.p == left-side subscript
+    // buffer.q == right-side subscript
+    // buffer.d == right-side superscript
+    //
+    // buffer.r == arrow
+    // buffer.rdt == arrow, script above, type
+    // buffer.rd == arrow, script above, content
+    // buffer.rqt == arrow, script below, type
+    // buffer.rq == arrow, script below, content
+    //
+    // buffer.text_
+    // buffer.rm
+    // etc.
+    //
+    // buffer.parenthesisLevel == int, starting at 0
+    // buffer.sb == bool, space before
+    // buffer.beginsWithBond == bool
+    //
+    // These letters are also used as state names.
+    //
+    // Other states:
+    // 0 == begin of main part (arrow/operator unlikely)
+    // 1 == next entity
+    // 2 == next entity (arrow/operator unlikely)
+    // 3 == next atom
+    // c == macro
+    //
+
+    /** @type {Buffer} */
+
+    var buffer = {};
+    buffer['parenthesisLevel'] = 0;
+    input = input.replace(/\n/g, " ");
+    input = input.replace(/[\u2212\u2013\u2014\u2010]/g, "-");
+    input = input.replace(/[\u2026]/g, "..."); //
+    // Looks through mhchemParser.transitions, to execute a matching action
+    // (recursive)
+    //
+
+    var lastInput;
+    var watchdog = 10;
+    /** @type {ParserOutput[]} */
+
+    var output = [];
+
+    while (true) {
+      if (lastInput !== input) {
+        watchdog = 10;
+        lastInput = input;
+      } else {
+        watchdog--;
+      } //
+      // Find actions in transition table
+      //
+
+
+      var machine = mhchemParser.stateMachines[stateMachine];
+      var t = machine.transitions[state] || machine.transitions['*'];
+
+      iterateTransitions: for (var i = 0; i < t.length; i++) {
+        var matches = mhchemParser.patterns.match_(t[i].pattern, input);
+
+        if (matches) {
+          //
+          // Execute actions
+          //
+          var task = t[i].task;
+
+          for (var iA = 0; iA < task.action_.length; iA++) {
+            var o; //
+            // Find and execute action
+            //
+
+            if (machine.actions[task.action_[iA].type_]) {
+              o = machine.actions[task.action_[iA].type_](buffer, matches.match_, task.action_[iA].option);
+            } else if (mhchemParser.actions[task.action_[iA].type_]) {
+              o = mhchemParser.actions[task.action_[iA].type_](buffer, matches.match_, task.action_[iA].option);
+            } else {
+              throw ["MhchemBugA", "mhchem bug A. Please report. (" + task.action_[iA].type_ + ")"]; // Trying to use non-existing action
+            } //
+            // Add output
+            //
+
+
+            mhchemParser.concatArray(output, o);
+          } //
+          // Set next state,
+          // Shorten input,
+          // Continue with next character
+          //   (= apply only one transition per position)
+          //
+
+
+          state = task.nextState || state;
+
+          if (input.length > 0) {
+            if (!task.revisit) {
+              input = matches.remainder;
+            }
+
+            if (!task.toContinue) {
+              break iterateTransitions;
+            }
+          } else {
+            return output;
+          }
+        }
+      } //
+      // Prevent infinite loop
+      //
+
+
+      if (watchdog <= 0) {
+        throw ["MhchemBugU", "mhchem bug U. Please report."]; // Unexpected character
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  concatArray: function concatArray(a, b) {
+    if (b) {
+      if (Array.isArray(b)) {
+        for (var iB = 0; iB < b.length; iB++) {
+          a.push(b[iB]);
+        }
+      } else {
+        a.push(b);
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  patterns: {
+    //
+    // Matching patterns
+    // either regexps or function that return null or {match_:"a", remainder:"bc"}
+    //
+    patterns: {
+      // property names must not look like integers ("2") for correct property traversal order, later on
+      'empty': /^$/,
+      'else': /^./,
+      'else2': /^./,
+      'space': /^\s/,
+      'space A': /^\s(?=[A-Z\\$])/,
+      'space$': /^\s$/,
+      'a-z': /^[a-z]/,
+      'x': /^x/,
+      'x$': /^x$/,
+      'i$': /^i$/,
+      'letters': /^(?:[a-zA-Z\u03B1-\u03C9\u0391-\u03A9?@]|(?:\\(?:alpha|beta|gamma|delta|epsilon|zeta|eta|theta|iota|kappa|lambda|mu|nu|xi|omicron|pi|rho|sigma|tau|upsilon|phi|chi|psi|omega|Gamma|Delta|Theta|Lambda|Xi|Pi|Sigma|Upsilon|Phi|Psi|Omega)(?:\s+|\{\}|(?![a-zA-Z]))))+/,
+      '\\greek': /^\\(?:alpha|beta|gamma|delta|epsilon|zeta|eta|theta|iota|kappa|lambda|mu|nu|xi|omicron|pi|rho|sigma|tau|upsilon|phi|chi|psi|omega|Gamma|Delta|Theta|Lambda|Xi|Pi|Sigma|Upsilon|Phi|Psi|Omega)(?:\s+|\{\}|(?![a-zA-Z]))/,
+      'one lowercase latin letter $': /^(?:([a-z])(?:$|[^a-zA-Z]))$/,
+      '$one lowercase latin letter$ $': /^\$(?:([a-z])(?:$|[^a-zA-Z]))\$$/,
+      'one lowercase greek letter $': /^(?:\$?[\u03B1-\u03C9]\$?|\$?\\(?:alpha|beta|gamma|delta|epsilon|zeta|eta|theta|iota|kappa|lambda|mu|nu|xi|omicron|pi|rho|sigma|tau|upsilon|phi|chi|psi|omega)\s*\$?)(?:\s+|\{\}|(?![a-zA-Z]))$/,
+      'digits': /^[0-9]+/,
+      '-9.,9': /^[+\-]?(?:[0-9]+(?:[,.][0-9]+)?|[0-9]*(?:\.[0-9]+))/,
+      '-9.,9 no missing 0': /^[+\-]?[0-9]+(?:[.,][0-9]+)?/,
+      '(-)(9.,9)(e)(99)': function e99(input) {
+        var m = input.match(/^(\+\-|\+\/\-|\+|\-|\\pm\s?)?([0-9]+(?:[,.][0-9]+)?|[0-9]*(?:\.[0-9]+))?(\((?:[0-9]+(?:[,.][0-9]+)?|[0-9]*(?:\.[0-9]+))\))?(?:([eE]|\s*(\*|x|\\times|\u00D7)\s*10\^)([+\-]?[0-9]+|\{[+\-]?[0-9]+\}))?/);
+
+        if (m && m[0]) {
+          return {
+            match_: m.splice(1),
+            remainder: input.substr(m[0].length)
+          };
+        }
+
+        return null;
+      },
+      '(-)(9)^(-9)': function _(input) {
+        var m = input.match(/^(\+\-|\+\/\-|\+|\-|\\pm\s?)?([0-9]+(?:[,.][0-9]+)?|[0-9]*(?:\.[0-9]+)?)\^([+\-]?[0-9]+|\{[+\-]?[0-9]+\})/);
+
+        if (m && m[0]) {
+          return {
+            match_: m.splice(1),
+            remainder: input.substr(m[0].length)
+          };
+        }
+
+        return null;
+      },
+      'state of aggregation $': function stateOfAggregation$(input) {
+        // ... or crystal system
+        var a = mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "", /^\([a-z]{1,3}(?=[\),])/, ")", ""); // (aq), (aq,$\infty$), (aq, sat)
+
+        if (a && a.remainder.match(/^($|[\s,;\)\]\}])/)) {
+          return a;
+        } //  AND end of 'phrase'
+
+
+        var m = input.match(/^(?:\((?:\\ca\s?)?\$[amothc]\$\))/); // OR crystal system ($o$) (\ca$c$)
+
+        if (m) {
+          return {
+            match_: m[0],
+            remainder: input.substr(m[0].length)
+          };
+        }
+
+        return null;
+      },
+      '_{(state of aggregation)}$': /^_\{(\([a-z]{1,3}\))\}/,
+      '{[(': /^(?:\\\{|\[|\()/,
+      ')]}': /^(?:\)|\]|\\\})/,
+      ', ': /^[,;]\s*/,
+      ',': /^[,;]/,
+      '.': /^[.]/,
+      '. ': /^([.\u22C5\u00B7\u2022])\s*/,
+      '...': /^\.\.\.(?=$|[^.])/,
+      '* ': /^([*])\s*/,
+      '^{(...)}': function _(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "^{", "", "", "}");
+      },
+      '^($...$)': function $$(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "^", "$", "$", "");
+      },
+      '^a': /^\^([0-9]+|[^\\_])/,
+      '^\\x{}{}': function x(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "^", /^\\[a-zA-Z]+\{/, "}", "", "", "{", "}", "", true);
+      },
+      '^\\x{}': function x(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "^", /^\\[a-zA-Z]+\{/, "}", "");
+      },
+      '^\\x': /^\^(\\[a-zA-Z]+)\s*/,
+      '^(-1)': /^\^(-?\d+)/,
+      '\'': /^'/,
+      '_{(...)}': function _(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "_{", "", "", "}");
+      },
+      '_($...$)': function _$$(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "_", "$", "$", "");
+      },
+      '_9': /^_([+\-]?[0-9]+|[^\\])/,
+      '_\\x{}{}': function _X(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "_", /^\\[a-zA-Z]+\{/, "}", "", "", "{", "}", "", true);
+      },
+      '_\\x{}': function _X(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "_", /^\\[a-zA-Z]+\{/, "}", "");
+      },
+      '_\\x': /^_(\\[a-zA-Z]+)\s*/,
+      '^_': /^(?:\^(?=_)|\_(?=\^)|[\^_]$)/,
+      '{}': /^\{\}/,
+      '{...}': function _(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "", "{", "}", "");
+      },
+      '{(...)}': function _(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "{", "", "", "}");
+      },
+      '$...$': function $$(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "", "$", "$", "");
+      },
+      '${(...)}$': function $$(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "${", "", "", "}$");
+      },
+      '$(...)$': function $$(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "$", "", "", "$");
+      },
+      '=<>': /^[=<>]/,
+      '#': /^[#\u2261]/,
+      '+': /^\+/,
+      '-$': /^-(?=[\s_},;\]/]|$|\([a-z]+\))/,
+      // -space -, -; -] -/ -$ -state-of-aggregation
+      '-9': /^-(?=[0-9])/,
+      '- orbital overlap': /^-(?=(?:[spd]|sp)(?:$|[\s,;\)\]\}]))/,
+      '-': /^-/,
+      'pm-operator': /^(?:\\pm|\$\\pm\$|\+-|\+\/-)/,
+      'operator': /^(?:\+|(?:[\-=<>]|<<|>>|\\approx|\$\\approx\$)(?=\s|$|-?[0-9]))/,
+      'arrowUpDown': /^(?:v|\(v\)|\^|\(\^\))(?=$|[\s,;\)\]\}])/,
+      '\\bond{(...)}': function bond(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "\\bond{", "", "", "}");
+      },
+      '->': /^(?:<->|<-->|->|<-|<=>>|<<=>|<=>|[\u2192\u27F6\u21CC])/,
+      'CMT': /^[CMT](?=\[)/,
+      '[(...)]': function _(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "[", "", "", "]");
+      },
+      '1st-level escape': /^(&|\\\\|\\hline)\s*/,
+      '\\,': /^(?:\\[,\ ;:])/,
+      // \\x - but output no space before
+      '\\x{}{}': function x(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "", /^\\[a-zA-Z]+\{/, "}", "", "", "{", "}", "", true);
+      },
+      '\\x{}': function x(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "", /^\\[a-zA-Z]+\{/, "}", "");
+      },
+      '\\ca': /^\\ca(?:\s+|(?![a-zA-Z]))/,
+      '\\x': /^(?:\\[a-zA-Z]+\s*|\\[_&{}%])/,
+      'orbital': /^(?:[0-9]{1,2}[spdfgh]|[0-9]{0,2}sp)(?=$|[^a-zA-Z])/,
+      // only those with numbers in front, because the others will be formatted correctly anyway
+      'others': /^[\/~|]/,
+      '\\frac{(...)}': function frac(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "\\frac{", "", "", "}", "{", "", "", "}");
+      },
+      '\\overset{(...)}': function overset(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "\\overset{", "", "", "}", "{", "", "", "}");
+      },
+      '\\underset{(...)}': function underset(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "\\underset{", "", "", "}", "{", "", "", "}");
+      },
+      '\\underbrace{(...)}': function underbrace(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "\\underbrace{", "", "", "}_", "{", "", "", "}");
+      },
+      '\\color{(...)}0': function color0(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "\\color{", "", "", "}");
+      },
+      '\\color{(...)}{(...)}1': function color1(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "\\color{", "", "", "}", "{", "", "", "}");
+      },
+      '\\color(...){(...)}2': function color2(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "\\color", "\\", "", /^(?=\{)/, "{", "", "", "}");
+      },
+      '\\ce{(...)}': function ce(input) {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "\\ce{", "", "", "}");
+      },
+      'oxidation$': /^(?:[+-][IVX]+|\\pm\s*0|\$\\pm\$\s*0)$/,
+      'd-oxidation$': /^(?:[+-]?\s?[IVX]+|\\pm\s*0|\$\\pm\$\s*0)$/,
+      // 0 could be oxidation or charge
+      'roman numeral': /^[IVX]+/,
+      '1/2$': /^[+\-]?(?:[0-9]+|\$[a-z]\$|[a-z])\/[0-9]+(?:\$[a-z]\$|[a-z])?$/,
+      'amount': function amount(input) {
+        var match; // e.g. 2, 0.5, 1/2, -2, n/2, +;  $a$ could be added later in parsing
+
+        match = input.match(/^(?:(?:(?:\([+\-]?[0-9]+\/[0-9]+\)|[+\-]?(?:[0-9]+|\$[a-z]\$|[a-z])\/[0-9]+|[+\-]?[0-9]+[.,][0-9]+|[+\-]?\.[0-9]+|[+\-]?[0-9]+)(?:[a-z](?=\s*[A-Z]))?)|[+\-]?[a-z](?=\s*[A-Z])|\+(?!\s))/);
+
+        if (match) {
+          return {
+            match_: match[0],
+            remainder: input.substr(match[0].length)
+          };
+        }
+
+        var a = mhchemParser.patterns.findObserveGroups(input, "", "$", "$", "");
+
+        if (a) {
+          // e.g. $2n-1$, $-$
+          match = a.match_.match(/^\$(?:\(?[+\-]?(?:[0-9]*[a-z]?[+\-])?[0-9]*[a-z](?:[+\-][0-9]*[a-z]?)?\)?|\+|-)\$$/);
+
+          if (match) {
+            return {
+              match_: match[0],
+              remainder: input.substr(match[0].length)
+            };
+          }
+        }
+
+        return null;
+      },
+      'amount2': function amount2(input) {
+        return this['amount'](input);
+      },
+      '(KV letters),': /^(?:[A-Z][a-z]{0,2}|i)(?=,)/,
+      'formula$': function formula$(input) {
+        if (input.match(/^\([a-z]+\)$/)) {
+          return null;
+        } // state of aggregation = no formula
+
+
+        var match = input.match(/^(?:[a-z]|(?:[0-9\ \+\-\,\.\(\)]+[a-z])+[0-9\ \+\-\,\.\(\)]*|(?:[a-z][0-9\ \+\-\,\.\(\)]+)+[a-z]?)$/);
+
+        if (match) {
+          return {
+            match_: match[0],
+            remainder: input.substr(match[0].length)
+          };
+        }
+
+        return null;
+      },
+      'uprightEntities': /^(?:pH|pOH|pC|pK|iPr|iBu)(?=$|[^a-zA-Z])/,
+      '/': /^\s*(\/)\s*/,
+      '//': /^\s*(\/\/)\s*/,
+      '*': /^\s*[*.]\s*/
+    },
+    findObserveGroups: function findObserveGroups(input, begExcl, begIncl, endIncl, endExcl, beg2Excl, beg2Incl, end2Incl, end2Excl, combine) {
+      /** @type {{(input: string, pattern: string | RegExp): string | string[] | null;}} */
+      var _match = function _match(input, pattern) {
+        if (typeof pattern === "string") {
+          if (input.indexOf(pattern) !== 0) {
+            return null;
+          }
+
+          return pattern;
+        } else {
+          var match = input.match(pattern);
+
+          if (!match) {
+            return null;
+          }
+
+          return match[0];
+        }
+      };
+      /** @type {{(input: string, i: number, endChars: string | RegExp): {endMatchBegin: number, endMatchEnd: number} | null;}} */
+
+
+      var _findObserveGroups = function _findObserveGroups(input, i, endChars) {
+        var braces = 0;
+
+        while (i < input.length) {
+          var a = input.charAt(i);
+
+          var match = _match(input.substr(i), endChars);
+
+          if (match !== null && braces === 0) {
+            return {
+              endMatchBegin: i,
+              endMatchEnd: i + match.length
+            };
+          } else if (a === "{") {
+            braces++;
+          } else if (a === "}") {
+            if (braces === 0) {
+              throw ["ExtraCloseMissingOpen", "Extra close brace or missing open brace"];
+            } else {
+              braces--;
+            }
+          }
+
+          i++;
+        }
+
+        if (braces > 0) {
+          return null;
+        }
+
+        return null;
+      };
+
+      var match = _match(input, begExcl);
+
+      if (match === null) {
+        return null;
+      }
+
+      input = input.substr(match.length);
+      match = _match(input, begIncl);
+
+      if (match === null) {
+        return null;
+      }
+
+      var e = _findObserveGroups(input, match.length, endIncl || endExcl);
+
+      if (e === null) {
+        return null;
+      }
+
+      var match1 = input.substring(0, endIncl ? e.endMatchEnd : e.endMatchBegin);
+
+      if (!(beg2Excl || beg2Incl)) {
+        return {
+          match_: match1,
+          remainder: input.substr(e.endMatchEnd)
+        };
+      } else {
+        var group2 = this.findObserveGroups(input.substr(e.endMatchEnd), beg2Excl, beg2Incl, end2Incl, end2Excl);
+
+        if (group2 === null) {
+          return null;
+        }
+        /** @type {string[]} */
+
+
+        var matchRet = [match1, group2.match_];
+        return {
+          match_: combine ? matchRet.join("") : matchRet,
+          remainder: group2.remainder
+        };
+      }
+    },
+    //
+    // Matching function
+    // e.g. match("a", input) will look for the regexp called "a" and see if it matches
+    // returns null or {match_:"a", remainder:"bc"}
+    //
+    match_: function match_(m, input) {
+      var pattern = mhchemParser.patterns.patterns[m];
+
+      if (pattern === undefined) {
+        throw ["MhchemBugP", "mhchem bug P. Please report. (" + m + ")"]; // Trying to use non-existing pattern
+      } else if (typeof pattern === "function") {
+        return mhchemParser.patterns.patterns[m](input); // cannot use cached var pattern here, because some pattern functions need this===mhchemParser
+      } else {
+        // RegExp
+        var match = input.match(pattern);
+
+        if (match) {
+          var mm;
+
+          if (match[2]) {
+            mm = [match[1], match[2]];
+          } else if (match[1]) {
+            mm = match[1];
+          } else {
+            mm = match[0];
+          }
+
+          return {
+            match_: mm,
+            remainder: input.substr(match[0].length)
+          };
+        }
+
+        return null;
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  //
+  // Generic state machine actions
+  //
+  actions: {
+    'a=': function a(buffer, m) {
+      buffer.a = (buffer.a || "") + m;
+    },
+    'b=': function b(buffer, m) {
+      buffer.b = (buffer.b || "") + m;
+    },
+    'p=': function p(buffer, m) {
+      buffer.p = (buffer.p || "") + m;
+    },
+    'o=': function o(buffer, m) {
+      buffer.o = (buffer.o || "") + m;
+    },
+    'q=': function q(buffer, m) {
+      buffer.q = (buffer.q || "") + m;
+    },
+    'd=': function d(buffer, m) {
+      buffer.d = (buffer.d || "") + m;
+    },
+    'rm=': function rm(buffer, m) {
+      buffer.rm = (buffer.rm || "") + m;
+    },
+    'text=': function text(buffer, m) {
+      buffer.text_ = (buffer.text_ || "") + m;
+    },
+    'insert': function insert(buffer, m, a) {
+      return {
+        type_: a
+      };
+    },
+    'insert+p1': function insertP1(buffer, m, a) {
+      return {
+        type_: a,
+        p1: m
+      };
+    },
+    'insert+p1+p2': function insertP1P2(buffer, m, a) {
+      return {
+        type_: a,
+        p1: m[0],
+        p2: m[1]
+      };
+    },
+    'copy': function copy(buffer, m) {
+      return m;
+    },
+    'rm': function rm(buffer, m) {
+      return {
+        type_: 'rm',
+        p1: m || ""
+      };
+    },
+    'text': function text(buffer, m) {
+      return mhchemParser.go(m, 'text');
+    },
+    '{text}': function text(buffer, m) {
+      var ret = ["{"];
+      mhchemParser.concatArray(ret, mhchemParser.go(m, 'text'));
+      ret.push("}");
+      return ret;
+    },
+    'tex-math': function texMath(buffer, m) {
+      return mhchemParser.go(m, 'tex-math');
+    },
+    'tex-math tight': function texMathTight(buffer, m) {
+      return mhchemParser.go(m, 'tex-math tight');
+    },
+    'bond': function bond(buffer, m, k) {
+      return {
+        type_: 'bond',
+        kind_: k || m
+      };
+    },
+    'color0-output': function color0Output(buffer, m) {
+      return {
+        type_: 'color0',
+        color: m[0]
+      };
+    },
+    'ce': function ce(buffer, m) {
+      return mhchemParser.go(m);
+    },
+    '1/2': function _(buffer, m) {
+      /** @type {ParserOutput[]} */
+      var ret = [];
+
+      if (m.match(/^[+\-]/)) {
+        ret.push(m.substr(0, 1));
+        m = m.substr(1);
+      }
+
+      var n = m.match(/^([0-9]+|\$[a-z]\$|[a-z])\/([0-9]+)(\$[a-z]\$|[a-z])?$/);
+      n[1] = n[1].replace(/\$/g, "");
+      ret.push({
+        type_: 'frac',
+        p1: n[1],
+        p2: n[2]
+      });
+
+      if (n[3]) {
+        n[3] = n[3].replace(/\$/g, "");
+        ret.push({
+          type_: 'tex-math',
+          p1: n[3]
+        });
+      }
+
+      return ret;
+    },
+    '9,9': function _(buffer, m) {
+      return mhchemParser.go(m, '9,9');
+    }
+  },
+  //
+  // createTransitions
+  // convert  { 'letter': { 'state': { action_: 'output' } } }  to  { 'state' => [ { pattern: 'letter', task: { action_: [{type_: 'output'}] } } ] }
+  // with expansion of 'a|b' to 'a' and 'b' (at 2 places)
+  //
+  createTransitions: function createTransitions(o) {
+    var pattern, state;
+    /** @type {string[]} */
+
+    var stateArray;
+    var i; //
+    // 1. Collect all states
+    //
+
+    /** @type {Transitions} */
+
+    var transitions = {};
+
+    for (pattern in o) {
+      for (state in o[pattern]) {
+        stateArray = state.split("|");
+        o[pattern][state].stateArray = stateArray;
+
+        for (i = 0; i < stateArray.length; i++) {
+          transitions[stateArray[i]] = [];
+        }
+      }
+    } //
+    // 2. Fill states
+    //
+
+
+    for (pattern in o) {
+      for (state in o[pattern]) {
+        stateArray = o[pattern][state].stateArray || [];
+
+        for (i = 0; i < stateArray.length; i++) {
+          //
+          // 2a. Normalize actions into array:  'text=' ==> [{type_:'text='}]
+          // (Note to myself: Resolving the function here would be problematic. It would need .bind (for *this*) and currying (for *option*).)
+          //
+
+          /** @type {any} */
+          var p = o[pattern][state];
+
+          if (p.action_) {
+            p.action_ = [].concat(p.action_);
+
+            for (var k = 0; k < p.action_.length; k++) {
+              if (typeof p.action_[k] === "string") {
+                p.action_[k] = {
+                  type_: p.action_[k]
+                };
+              }
+            }
+          } else {
+            p.action_ = [];
+          } //
+          // 2.b Multi-insert
+          //
+
+
+          var patternArray = pattern.split("|");
+
+          for (var j = 0; j < patternArray.length; j++) {
+            if (stateArray[i] === '*') {
+              // insert into all
+              for (var t in transitions) {
+                transitions[t].push({
+                  pattern: patternArray[j],
+                  task: p
+                });
+              }
+            } else {
+              transitions[stateArray[i]].push({
+                pattern: patternArray[j],
+                task: p
+              });
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    return transitions;
+  },
+  stateMachines: {}
+}; //
+// Definition of state machines
+//
+
+mhchemParser.stateMachines = {
+  //
+  // \ce state machines
+  //
+  //#region ce
+  'ce': {
+    // main parser
+    transitions: mhchemParser.createTransitions({
+      'empty': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'output'
+        }
+      },
+      'else': {
+        '0|1|2': {
+          action_: 'beginsWithBond=false',
+          revisit: true,
+          toContinue: true
+        }
+      },
+      'oxidation$': {
+        '0': {
+          action_: 'oxidation-output'
+        }
+      },
+      'CMT': {
+        'r': {
+          action_: 'rdt=',
+          nextState: 'rt'
+        },
+        'rd': {
+          action_: 'rqt=',
+          nextState: 'rdt'
+        }
+      },
+      'arrowUpDown': {
+        '0|1|2|as': {
+          action_: ['sb=false', 'output', 'operator'],
+          nextState: '1'
+        }
+      },
+      'uprightEntities': {
+        '0|1|2': {
+          action_: ['o=', 'output'],
+          nextState: '1'
+        }
+      },
+      'orbital': {
+        '0|1|2|3': {
+          action_: 'o=',
+          nextState: 'o'
+        }
+      },
+      '->': {
+        '0|1|2|3': {
+          action_: 'r=',
+          nextState: 'r'
+        },
+        'a|as': {
+          action_: ['output', 'r='],
+          nextState: 'r'
+        },
+        '*': {
+          action_: ['output', 'r='],
+          nextState: 'r'
+        }
+      },
+      '+': {
+        'o': {
+          action_: 'd= kv',
+          nextState: 'd'
+        },
+        'd|D': {
+          action_: 'd=',
+          nextState: 'd'
+        },
+        'q': {
+          action_: 'd=',
+          nextState: 'qd'
+        },
+        'qd|qD': {
+          action_: 'd=',
+          nextState: 'qd'
+        },
+        'dq': {
+          action_: ['output', 'd='],
+          nextState: 'd'
+        },
+        '3': {
+          action_: ['sb=false', 'output', 'operator'],
+          nextState: '0'
+        }
+      },
+      'amount': {
+        '0|2': {
+          action_: 'a=',
+          nextState: 'a'
+        }
+      },
+      'pm-operator': {
+        '0|1|2|a|as': {
+          action_: ['sb=false', 'output', {
+            type_: 'operator',
+            option: '\\pm'
+          }],
+          nextState: '0'
+        }
+      },
+      'operator': {
+        '0|1|2|a|as': {
+          action_: ['sb=false', 'output', 'operator'],
+          nextState: '0'
+        }
+      },
+      '-$': {
+        'o|q': {
+          action_: ['charge or bond', 'output'],
+          nextState: 'qd'
+        },
+        'd': {
+          action_: 'd=',
+          nextState: 'd'
+        },
+        'D': {
+          action_: ['output', {
+            type_: 'bond',
+            option: "-"
+          }],
+          nextState: '3'
+        },
+        'q': {
+          action_: 'd=',
+          nextState: 'qd'
+        },
+        'qd': {
+          action_: 'd=',
+          nextState: 'qd'
+        },
+        'qD|dq': {
+          action_: ['output', {
+            type_: 'bond',
+            option: "-"
+          }],
+          nextState: '3'
+        }
+      },
+      '-9': {
+        '3|o': {
+          action_: ['output', {
+            type_: 'insert',
+            option: 'hyphen'
+          }],
+          nextState: '3'
+        }
+      },
+      '- orbital overlap': {
+        'o': {
+          action_: ['output', {
+            type_: 'insert',
+            option: 'hyphen'
+          }],
+          nextState: '2'
+        },
+        'd': {
+          action_: ['output', {
+            type_: 'insert',
+            option: 'hyphen'
+          }],
+          nextState: '2'
+        }
+      },
+      '-': {
+        '0|1|2': {
+          action_: [{
+            type_: 'output',
+            option: 1
+          }, 'beginsWithBond=true', {
+            type_: 'bond',
+            option: "-"
+          }],
+          nextState: '3'
+        },
+        '3': {
+          action_: {
+            type_: 'bond',
+            option: "-"
+          }
+        },
+        'a': {
+          action_: ['output', {
+            type_: 'insert',
+            option: 'hyphen'
+          }],
+          nextState: '2'
+        },
+        'as': {
+          action_: [{
+            type_: 'output',
+            option: 2
+          }, {
+            type_: 'bond',
+            option: "-"
+          }],
+          nextState: '3'
+        },
+        'b': {
+          action_: 'b='
+        },
+        'o': {
+          action_: {
+            type_: '- after o/d',
+            option: false
+          },
+          nextState: '2'
+        },
+        'q': {
+          action_: {
+            type_: '- after o/d',
+            option: false
+          },
+          nextState: '2'
+        },
+        'd|qd|dq': {
+          action_: {
+            type_: '- after o/d',
+            option: true
+          },
+          nextState: '2'
+        },
+        'D|qD|p': {
+          action_: ['output', {
+            type_: 'bond',
+            option: "-"
+          }],
+          nextState: '3'
+        }
+      },
+      'amount2': {
+        '1|3': {
+          action_: 'a=',
+          nextState: 'a'
+        }
+      },
+      'letters': {
+        '0|1|2|3|a|as|b|p|bp|o': {
+          action_: 'o=',
+          nextState: 'o'
+        },
+        'q|dq': {
+          action_: ['output', 'o='],
+          nextState: 'o'
+        },
+        'd|D|qd|qD': {
+          action_: 'o after d',
+          nextState: 'o'
+        }
+      },
+      'digits': {
+        'o': {
+          action_: 'q=',
+          nextState: 'q'
+        },
+        'd|D': {
+          action_: 'q=',
+          nextState: 'dq'
+        },
+        'q': {
+          action_: ['output', 'o='],
+          nextState: 'o'
+        },
+        'a': {
+          action_: 'o=',
+          nextState: 'o'
+        }
+      },
+      'space A': {
+        'b|p|bp': {}
+      },
+      'space': {
+        'a': {
+          nextState: 'as'
+        },
+        '0': {
+          action_: 'sb=false'
+        },
+        '1|2': {
+          action_: 'sb=true'
+        },
+        'r|rt|rd|rdt|rdq': {
+          action_: 'output',
+          nextState: '0'
+        },
+        '*': {
+          action_: ['output', 'sb=true'],
+          nextState: '1'
+        }
+      },
+      '1st-level escape': {
+        '1|2': {
+          action_: ['output', {
+            type_: 'insert+p1',
+            option: '1st-level escape'
+          }]
+        },
+        '*': {
+          action_: ['output', {
+            type_: 'insert+p1',
+            option: '1st-level escape'
+          }],
+          nextState: '0'
+        }
+      },
+      '[(...)]': {
+        'r|rt': {
+          action_: 'rd=',
+          nextState: 'rd'
+        },
+        'rd|rdt': {
+          action_: 'rq=',
+          nextState: 'rdq'
+        }
+      },
+      '...': {
+        'o|d|D|dq|qd|qD': {
+          action_: ['output', {
+            type_: 'bond',
+            option: "..."
+          }],
+          nextState: '3'
+        },
+        '*': {
+          action_: [{
+            type_: 'output',
+            option: 1
+          }, {
+            type_: 'insert',
+            option: 'ellipsis'
+          }],
+          nextState: '1'
+        }
+      },
+      '. |* ': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: ['output', {
+            type_: 'insert',
+            option: 'addition compound'
+          }],
+          nextState: '1'
+        }
+      },
+      'state of aggregation $': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: ['output', 'state of aggregation'],
+          nextState: '1'
+        }
+      },
+      '{[(': {
+        'a|as|o': {
+          action_: ['o=', 'output', 'parenthesisLevel++'],
+          nextState: '2'
+        },
+        '0|1|2|3': {
+          action_: ['o=', 'output', 'parenthesisLevel++'],
+          nextState: '2'
+        },
+        '*': {
+          action_: ['output', 'o=', 'output', 'parenthesisLevel++'],
+          nextState: '2'
+        }
+      },
+      ')]}': {
+        '0|1|2|3|b|p|bp|o': {
+          action_: ['o=', 'parenthesisLevel--'],
+          nextState: 'o'
+        },
+        'a|as|d|D|q|qd|qD|dq': {
+          action_: ['output', 'o=', 'parenthesisLevel--'],
+          nextState: 'o'
+        }
+      },
+      ', ': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: ['output', 'comma'],
+          nextState: '0'
+        }
+      },
+      '^_': {
+        // ^ and _ without a sensible argument
+        '*': {}
+      },
+      '^{(...)}|^($...$)': {
+        '0|1|2|as': {
+          action_: 'b=',
+          nextState: 'b'
+        },
+        'p': {
+          action_: 'b=',
+          nextState: 'bp'
+        },
+        '3|o': {
+          action_: 'd= kv',
+          nextState: 'D'
+        },
+        'q': {
+          action_: 'd=',
+          nextState: 'qD'
+        },
+        'd|D|qd|qD|dq': {
+          action_: ['output', 'd='],
+          nextState: 'D'
+        }
+      },
+      '^a|^\\x{}{}|^\\x{}|^\\x|\'': {
+        '0|1|2|as': {
+          action_: 'b=',
+          nextState: 'b'
+        },
+        'p': {
+          action_: 'b=',
+          nextState: 'bp'
+        },
+        '3|o': {
+          action_: 'd= kv',
+          nextState: 'd'
+        },
+        'q': {
+          action_: 'd=',
+          nextState: 'qd'
+        },
+        'd|qd|D|qD': {
+          action_: 'd='
+        },
+        'dq': {
+          action_: ['output', 'd='],
+          nextState: 'd'
+        }
+      },
+      '_{(state of aggregation)}$': {
+        'd|D|q|qd|qD|dq': {
+          action_: ['output', 'q='],
+          nextState: 'q'
+        }
+      },
+      '_{(...)}|_($...$)|_9|_\\x{}{}|_\\x{}|_\\x': {
+        '0|1|2|as': {
+          action_: 'p=',
+          nextState: 'p'
+        },
+        'b': {
+          action_: 'p=',
+          nextState: 'bp'
+        },
+        '3|o': {
+          action_: 'q=',
+          nextState: 'q'
+        },
+        'd|D': {
+          action_: 'q=',
+          nextState: 'dq'
+        },
+        'q|qd|qD|dq': {
+          action_: ['output', 'q='],
+          nextState: 'q'
+        }
+      },
+      '=<>': {
+        '0|1|2|3|a|as|o|q|d|D|qd|qD|dq': {
+          action_: [{
+            type_: 'output',
+            option: 2
+          }, 'bond'],
+          nextState: '3'
+        }
+      },
+      '#': {
+        '0|1|2|3|a|as|o': {
+          action_: [{
+            type_: 'output',
+            option: 2
+          }, {
+            type_: 'bond',
+            option: "#"
+          }],
+          nextState: '3'
+        }
+      },
+      '{}': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: {
+            type_: 'output',
+            option: 1
+          },
+          nextState: '1'
+        }
+      },
+      '{...}': {
+        '0|1|2|3|a|as|b|p|bp': {
+          action_: 'o=',
+          nextState: 'o'
+        },
+        'o|d|D|q|qd|qD|dq': {
+          action_: ['output', 'o='],
+          nextState: 'o'
+        }
+      },
+      '$...$': {
+        'a': {
+          action_: 'a='
+        },
+        // 2$n$
+        '0|1|2|3|as|b|p|bp|o': {
+          action_: 'o=',
+          nextState: 'o'
+        },
+        // not 'amount'
+        'as|o': {
+          action_: 'o='
+        },
+        'q|d|D|qd|qD|dq': {
+          action_: ['output', 'o='],
+          nextState: 'o'
+        }
+      },
+      '\\bond{(...)}': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: [{
+            type_: 'output',
+            option: 2
+          }, 'bond'],
+          nextState: "3"
+        }
+      },
+      '\\frac{(...)}': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: [{
+            type_: 'output',
+            option: 1
+          }, 'frac-output'],
+          nextState: '3'
+        }
+      },
+      '\\overset{(...)}': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: [{
+            type_: 'output',
+            option: 2
+          }, 'overset-output'],
+          nextState: '3'
+        }
+      },
+      '\\underset{(...)}': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: [{
+            type_: 'output',
+            option: 2
+          }, 'underset-output'],
+          nextState: '3'
+        }
+      },
+      '\\underbrace{(...)}': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: [{
+            type_: 'output',
+            option: 2
+          }, 'underbrace-output'],
+          nextState: '3'
+        }
+      },
+      '\\color{(...)}{(...)}1|\\color(...){(...)}2': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: [{
+            type_: 'output',
+            option: 2
+          }, 'color-output'],
+          nextState: '3'
+        }
+      },
+      '\\color{(...)}0': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: [{
+            type_: 'output',
+            option: 2
+          }, 'color0-output']
+        }
+      },
+      '\\ce{(...)}': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: [{
+            type_: 'output',
+            option: 2
+          }, 'ce'],
+          nextState: '3'
+        }
+      },
+      '\\,': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: [{
+            type_: 'output',
+            option: 1
+          }, 'copy'],
+          nextState: '1'
+        }
+      },
+      '\\x{}{}|\\x{}|\\x': {
+        '0|1|2|3|a|as|b|p|bp|o|c0': {
+          action_: ['o=', 'output'],
+          nextState: '3'
+        },
+        '*': {
+          action_: ['output', 'o=', 'output'],
+          nextState: '3'
+        }
+      },
+      'others': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: [{
+            type_: 'output',
+            option: 1
+          }, 'copy'],
+          nextState: '3'
+        }
+      },
+      'else2': {
+        'a': {
+          action_: 'a to o',
+          nextState: 'o',
+          revisit: true
+        },
+        'as': {
+          action_: ['output', 'sb=true'],
+          nextState: '1',
+          revisit: true
+        },
+        'r|rt|rd|rdt|rdq': {
+          action_: ['output'],
+          nextState: '0',
+          revisit: true
+        },
+        '*': {
+          action_: ['output', 'copy'],
+          nextState: '3'
+        }
+      }
+    }),
+    actions: {
+      'o after d': function oAfterD(buffer, m) {
+        var ret;
+
+        if ((buffer.d || "").match(/^[0-9]+$/)) {
+          var tmp = buffer.d;
+          buffer.d = undefined;
+          ret = this['output'](buffer);
+          buffer.b = tmp;
+        } else {
+          ret = this['output'](buffer);
+        }
+
+        mhchemParser.actions['o='](buffer, m);
+        return ret;
+      },
+      'd= kv': function dKv(buffer, m) {
+        buffer.d = m;
+        buffer.dType = 'kv';
+      },
+      'charge or bond': function chargeOrBond(buffer, m) {
+        if (buffer['beginsWithBond']) {
+          /** @type {ParserOutput[]} */
+          var ret = [];
+          mhchemParser.concatArray(ret, this['output'](buffer));
+          mhchemParser.concatArray(ret, mhchemParser.actions['bond'](buffer, m, "-"));
+          return ret;
+        } else {
+          buffer.d = m;
+        }
+      },
+      '- after o/d': function afterOD(buffer, m, isAfterD) {
+        var c1 = mhchemParser.patterns.match_('orbital', buffer.o || "");
+        var c2 = mhchemParser.patterns.match_('one lowercase greek letter $', buffer.o || "");
+        var c3 = mhchemParser.patterns.match_('one lowercase latin letter $', buffer.o || "");
+        var c4 = mhchemParser.patterns.match_('$one lowercase latin letter$ $', buffer.o || "");
+        var hyphenFollows = m === "-" && (c1 && c1.remainder === "" || c2 || c3 || c4);
+
+        if (hyphenFollows && !buffer.a && !buffer.b && !buffer.p && !buffer.d && !buffer.q && !c1 && c3) {
+          buffer.o = '$' + buffer.o + '$';
+        }
+        /** @type {ParserOutput[]} */
+
+
+        var ret = [];
+
+        if (hyphenFollows) {
+          mhchemParser.concatArray(ret, this['output'](buffer));
+          ret.push({
+            type_: 'hyphen'
+          });
+        } else {
+          c1 = mhchemParser.patterns.match_('digits', buffer.d || "");
+
+          if (isAfterD && c1 && c1.remainder === '') {
+            mhchemParser.concatArray(ret, mhchemParser.actions['d='](buffer, m));
+            mhchemParser.concatArray(ret, this['output'](buffer));
+          } else {
+            mhchemParser.concatArray(ret, this['output'](buffer));
+            mhchemParser.concatArray(ret, mhchemParser.actions['bond'](buffer, m, "-"));
+          }
+        }
+
+        return ret;
+      },
+      'a to o': function aToO(buffer) {
+        buffer.o = buffer.a;
+        buffer.a = undefined;
+      },
+      'sb=true': function sbTrue(buffer) {
+        buffer.sb = true;
+      },
+      'sb=false': function sbFalse(buffer) {
+        buffer.sb = false;
+      },
+      'beginsWithBond=true': function beginsWithBondTrue(buffer) {
+        buffer['beginsWithBond'] = true;
+      },
+      'beginsWithBond=false': function beginsWithBondFalse(buffer) {
+        buffer['beginsWithBond'] = false;
+      },
+      'parenthesisLevel++': function parenthesisLevel(buffer) {
+        buffer['parenthesisLevel']++;
+      },
+      'parenthesisLevel--': function parenthesisLevel(buffer) {
+        buffer['parenthesisLevel']--;
+      },
+      'state of aggregation': function stateOfAggregation(buffer, m) {
+        return {
+          type_: 'state of aggregation',
+          p1: mhchemParser.go(m, 'o')
+        };
+      },
+      'comma': function comma(buffer, m) {
+        var a = m.replace(/\s*$/, '');
+        var withSpace = a !== m;
+
+        if (withSpace && buffer['parenthesisLevel'] === 0) {
+          return {
+            type_: 'comma enumeration L',
+            p1: a
+          };
+        } else {
+          return {
+            type_: 'comma enumeration M',
+            p1: a
+          };
+        }
+      },
+      'output': function output(buffer, m, entityFollows) {
+        // entityFollows:
+        //   undefined = if we have nothing else to output, also ignore the just read space (buffer.sb)
+        //   1 = an entity follows, never omit the space if there was one just read before (can only apply to state 1)
+        //   2 = 1 + the entity can have an amount, so output a\, instead of converting it to o (can only apply to states a|as)
+
+        /** @type {ParserOutput | ParserOutput[]} */
+        var ret;
+
+        if (!buffer.r) {
+          ret = [];
+
+          if (!buffer.a && !buffer.b && !buffer.p && !buffer.o && !buffer.q && !buffer.d && !entityFollows) ; else {
+            if (buffer.sb) {
+              ret.push({
+                type_: 'entitySkip'
+              });
+            }
+
+            if (!buffer.o && !buffer.q && !buffer.d && !buffer.b && !buffer.p && entityFollows !== 2) {
+              buffer.o = buffer.a;
+              buffer.a = undefined;
+            } else if (!buffer.o && !buffer.q && !buffer.d && (buffer.b || buffer.p)) {
+              buffer.o = buffer.a;
+              buffer.d = buffer.b;
+              buffer.q = buffer.p;
+              buffer.a = buffer.b = buffer.p = undefined;
+            } else {
+              if (buffer.o && buffer.dType === 'kv' && mhchemParser.patterns.match_('d-oxidation$', buffer.d || "")) {
+                buffer.dType = 'oxidation';
+              } else if (buffer.o && buffer.dType === 'kv' && !buffer.q) {
+                buffer.dType = undefined;
+              }
+            }
+
+            ret.push({
+              type_: 'chemfive',
+              a: mhchemParser.go(buffer.a, 'a'),
+              b: mhchemParser.go(buffer.b, 'bd'),
+              p: mhchemParser.go(buffer.p, 'pq'),
+              o: mhchemParser.go(buffer.o, 'o'),
+              q: mhchemParser.go(buffer.q, 'pq'),
+              d: mhchemParser.go(buffer.d, buffer.dType === 'oxidation' ? 'oxidation' : 'bd'),
+              dType: buffer.dType
+            });
+          }
+        } else {
+          // r
+
+          /** @type {ParserOutput[]} */
+          var rd;
+
+          if (buffer.rdt === 'M') {
+            rd = mhchemParser.go(buffer.rd, 'tex-math');
+          } else if (buffer.rdt === 'T') {
+            rd = [{
+              type_: 'text',
+              p1: buffer.rd || ""
+            }];
+          } else {
+            rd = mhchemParser.go(buffer.rd);
+          }
+          /** @type {ParserOutput[]} */
+
+
+          var rq;
+
+          if (buffer.rqt === 'M') {
+            rq = mhchemParser.go(buffer.rq, 'tex-math');
+          } else if (buffer.rqt === 'T') {
+            rq = [{
+              type_: 'text',
+              p1: buffer.rq || ""
+            }];
+          } else {
+            rq = mhchemParser.go(buffer.rq);
+          }
+
+          ret = {
+            type_: 'arrow',
+            r: buffer.r,
+            rd: rd,
+            rq: rq
+          };
+        }
+
+        for (var p in buffer) {
+          if (p !== 'parenthesisLevel' && p !== 'beginsWithBond') {
+            delete buffer[p];
+          }
+        }
+
+        return ret;
+      },
+      'oxidation-output': function oxidationOutput(buffer, m) {
+        var ret = ["{"];
+        mhchemParser.concatArray(ret, mhchemParser.go(m, 'oxidation'));
+        ret.push("}");
+        return ret;
+      },
+      'frac-output': function fracOutput(buffer, m) {
+        return {
+          type_: 'frac-ce',
+          p1: mhchemParser.go(m[0]),
+          p2: mhchemParser.go(m[1])
+        };
+      },
+      'overset-output': function oversetOutput(buffer, m) {
+        return {
+          type_: 'overset',
+          p1: mhchemParser.go(m[0]),
+          p2: mhchemParser.go(m[1])
+        };
+      },
+      'underset-output': function undersetOutput(buffer, m) {
+        return {
+          type_: 'underset',
+          p1: mhchemParser.go(m[0]),
+          p2: mhchemParser.go(m[1])
+        };
+      },
+      'underbrace-output': function underbraceOutput(buffer, m) {
+        return {
+          type_: 'underbrace',
+          p1: mhchemParser.go(m[0]),
+          p2: mhchemParser.go(m[1])
+        };
+      },
+      'color-output': function colorOutput(buffer, m) {
+        return {
+          type_: 'color',
+          color1: m[0],
+          color2: mhchemParser.go(m[1])
+        };
+      },
+      'r=': function r(buffer, m) {
+        buffer.r = m;
+      },
+      'rdt=': function rdt(buffer, m) {
+        buffer.rdt = m;
+      },
+      'rd=': function rd(buffer, m) {
+        buffer.rd = m;
+      },
+      'rqt=': function rqt(buffer, m) {
+        buffer.rqt = m;
+      },
+      'rq=': function rq(buffer, m) {
+        buffer.rq = m;
+      },
+      'operator': function operator(buffer, m, p1) {
+        return {
+          type_: 'operator',
+          kind_: p1 || m
+        };
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  'a': {
+    transitions: mhchemParser.createTransitions({
+      'empty': {
+        '*': {}
+      },
+      '1/2$': {
+        '0': {
+          action_: '1/2'
+        }
+      },
+      'else': {
+        '0': {
+          nextState: '1',
+          revisit: true
+        }
+      },
+      '$(...)$': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'tex-math tight',
+          nextState: '1'
+        }
+      },
+      ',': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: {
+            type_: 'insert',
+            option: 'commaDecimal'
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      'else2': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'copy'
+        }
+      }
+    }),
+    actions: {}
+  },
+  'o': {
+    transitions: mhchemParser.createTransitions({
+      'empty': {
+        '*': {}
+      },
+      '1/2$': {
+        '0': {
+          action_: '1/2'
+        }
+      },
+      'else': {
+        '0': {
+          nextState: '1',
+          revisit: true
+        }
+      },
+      'letters': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'rm'
+        }
+      },
+      '\\ca': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: {
+            type_: 'insert',
+            option: 'circa'
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      '\\x{}{}|\\x{}|\\x': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'copy'
+        }
+      },
+      '${(...)}$|$(...)$': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'tex-math'
+        }
+      },
+      '{(...)}': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: '{text}'
+        }
+      },
+      'else2': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'copy'
+        }
+      }
+    }),
+    actions: {}
+  },
+  'text': {
+    transitions: mhchemParser.createTransitions({
+      'empty': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'output'
+        }
+      },
+      '{...}': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'text='
+        }
+      },
+      '${(...)}$|$(...)$': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'tex-math'
+        }
+      },
+      '\\greek': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: ['output', 'rm']
+        }
+      },
+      '\\,|\\x{}{}|\\x{}|\\x': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: ['output', 'copy']
+        }
+      },
+      'else': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'text='
+        }
+      }
+    }),
+    actions: {
+      'output': function output(buffer) {
+        if (buffer.text_) {
+          /** @type {ParserOutput} */
+          var ret = {
+            type_: 'text',
+            p1: buffer.text_
+          };
+
+          for (var p in buffer) {
+            delete buffer[p];
+          }
+
+          return ret;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  'pq': {
+    transitions: mhchemParser.createTransitions({
+      'empty': {
+        '*': {}
+      },
+      'state of aggregation $': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'state of aggregation'
+        }
+      },
+      'i$': {
+        '0': {
+          nextState: '!f',
+          revisit: true
+        }
+      },
+      '(KV letters),': {
+        '0': {
+          action_: 'rm',
+          nextState: '0'
+        }
+      },
+      'formula$': {
+        '0': {
+          nextState: 'f',
+          revisit: true
+        }
+      },
+      '1/2$': {
+        '0': {
+          action_: '1/2'
+        }
+      },
+      'else': {
+        '0': {
+          nextState: '!f',
+          revisit: true
+        }
+      },
+      '${(...)}$|$(...)$': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'tex-math'
+        }
+      },
+      '{(...)}': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'text'
+        }
+      },
+      'a-z': {
+        'f': {
+          action_: 'tex-math'
+        }
+      },
+      'letters': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'rm'
+        }
+      },
+      '-9.,9': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: '9,9'
+        }
+      },
+      ',': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: {
+            type_: 'insert+p1',
+            option: 'comma enumeration S'
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      '\\color{(...)}{(...)}1|\\color(...){(...)}2': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'color-output'
+        }
+      },
+      '\\color{(...)}0': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'color0-output'
+        }
+      },
+      '\\ce{(...)}': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'ce'
+        }
+      },
+      '\\,|\\x{}{}|\\x{}|\\x': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'copy'
+        }
+      },
+      'else2': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'copy'
+        }
+      }
+    }),
+    actions: {
+      'state of aggregation': function stateOfAggregation(buffer, m) {
+        return {
+          type_: 'state of aggregation subscript',
+          p1: mhchemParser.go(m, 'o')
+        };
+      },
+      'color-output': function colorOutput(buffer, m) {
+        return {
+          type_: 'color',
+          color1: m[0],
+          color2: mhchemParser.go(m[1], 'pq')
+        };
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  'bd': {
+    transitions: mhchemParser.createTransitions({
+      'empty': {
+        '*': {}
+      },
+      'x$': {
+        '0': {
+          nextState: '!f',
+          revisit: true
+        }
+      },
+      'formula$': {
+        '0': {
+          nextState: 'f',
+          revisit: true
+        }
+      },
+      'else': {
+        '0': {
+          nextState: '!f',
+          revisit: true
+        }
+      },
+      '-9.,9 no missing 0': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: '9,9'
+        }
+      },
+      '.': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: {
+            type_: 'insert',
+            option: 'electron dot'
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      'a-z': {
+        'f': {
+          action_: 'tex-math'
+        }
+      },
+      'x': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: {
+            type_: 'insert',
+            option: 'KV x'
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      'letters': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'rm'
+        }
+      },
+      '\'': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: {
+            type_: 'insert',
+            option: 'prime'
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      '${(...)}$|$(...)$': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'tex-math'
+        }
+      },
+      '{(...)}': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'text'
+        }
+      },
+      '\\color{(...)}{(...)}1|\\color(...){(...)}2': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'color-output'
+        }
+      },
+      '\\color{(...)}0': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'color0-output'
+        }
+      },
+      '\\ce{(...)}': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'ce'
+        }
+      },
+      '\\,|\\x{}{}|\\x{}|\\x': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'copy'
+        }
+      },
+      'else2': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'copy'
+        }
+      }
+    }),
+    actions: {
+      'color-output': function colorOutput(buffer, m) {
+        return {
+          type_: 'color',
+          color1: m[0],
+          color2: mhchemParser.go(m[1], 'bd')
+        };
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  'oxidation': {
+    transitions: mhchemParser.createTransitions({
+      'empty': {
+        '*': {}
+      },
+      'roman numeral': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'roman-numeral'
+        }
+      },
+      '${(...)}$|$(...)$': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'tex-math'
+        }
+      },
+      'else': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'copy'
+        }
+      }
+    }),
+    actions: {
+      'roman-numeral': function romanNumeral(buffer, m) {
+        return {
+          type_: 'roman numeral',
+          p1: m || ""
+        };
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  'tex-math': {
+    transitions: mhchemParser.createTransitions({
+      'empty': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'output'
+        }
+      },
+      '\\ce{(...)}': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: ['output', 'ce']
+        }
+      },
+      '{...}|\\,|\\x{}{}|\\x{}|\\x': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'o='
+        }
+      },
+      'else': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'o='
+        }
+      }
+    }),
+    actions: {
+      'output': function output(buffer) {
+        if (buffer.o) {
+          /** @type {ParserOutput} */
+          var ret = {
+            type_: 'tex-math',
+            p1: buffer.o
+          };
+
+          for (var p in buffer) {
+            delete buffer[p];
+          }
+
+          return ret;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  'tex-math tight': {
+    transitions: mhchemParser.createTransitions({
+      'empty': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'output'
+        }
+      },
+      '\\ce{(...)}': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: ['output', 'ce']
+        }
+      },
+      '{...}|\\,|\\x{}{}|\\x{}|\\x': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'o='
+        }
+      },
+      '-|+': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'tight operator'
+        }
+      },
+      'else': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'o='
+        }
+      }
+    }),
+    actions: {
+      'tight operator': function tightOperator(buffer, m) {
+        buffer.o = (buffer.o || "") + "{" + m + "}";
+      },
+      'output': function output(buffer) {
+        if (buffer.o) {
+          /** @type {ParserOutput} */
+          var ret = {
+            type_: 'tex-math',
+            p1: buffer.o
+          };
+
+          for (var p in buffer) {
+            delete buffer[p];
+          }
+
+          return ret;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  '9,9': {
+    transitions: mhchemParser.createTransitions({
+      'empty': {
+        '*': {}
+      },
+      ',': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'comma'
+        }
+      },
+      'else': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'copy'
+        }
+      }
+    }),
+    actions: {
+      'comma': function comma() {
+        return {
+          type_: 'commaDecimal'
+        };
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  //#endregion
+  //
+  // \pu state machines
+  //
+  //#region pu
+  'pu': {
+    transitions: mhchemParser.createTransitions({
+      'empty': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'output'
+        }
+      },
+      'space$': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: ['output', 'space']
+        }
+      },
+      '{[(|)]}': {
+        '0|a': {
+          action_: 'copy'
+        }
+      },
+      '(-)(9)^(-9)': {
+        '0': {
+          action_: 'number^',
+          nextState: 'a'
+        }
+      },
+      '(-)(9.,9)(e)(99)': {
+        '0': {
+          action_: 'enumber',
+          nextState: 'a'
+        }
+      },
+      'space': {
+        '0|a': {}
+      },
+      'pm-operator': {
+        '0|a': {
+          action_: {
+            type_: 'operator',
+            option: '\\pm'
+          },
+          nextState: '0'
+        }
+      },
+      'operator': {
+        '0|a': {
+          action_: 'copy',
+          nextState: '0'
+        }
+      },
+      '//': {
+        'd': {
+          action_: 'o=',
+          nextState: '/'
+        }
+      },
+      '/': {
+        'd': {
+          action_: 'o=',
+          nextState: '/'
+        }
+      },
+      '{...}|else': {
+        '0|d': {
+          action_: 'd=',
+          nextState: 'd'
+        },
+        'a': {
+          action_: ['space', 'd='],
+          nextState: 'd'
+        },
+        '/|q': {
+          action_: 'q=',
+          nextState: 'q'
+        }
+      }
+    }),
+    actions: {
+      'enumber': function enumber(buffer, m) {
+        /** @type {ParserOutput[]} */
+        var ret = [];
+
+        if (m[0] === "+-" || m[0] === "+/-") {
+          ret.push("\\pm ");
+        } else if (m[0]) {
+          ret.push(m[0]);
+        }
+
+        if (m[1]) {
+          mhchemParser.concatArray(ret, mhchemParser.go(m[1], 'pu-9,9'));
+
+          if (m[2]) {
+            if (m[2].match(/[,.]/)) {
+              mhchemParser.concatArray(ret, mhchemParser.go(m[2], 'pu-9,9'));
+            } else {
+              ret.push(m[2]);
+            }
+          }
+
+          m[3] = m[4] || m[3];
+
+          if (m[3]) {
+            m[3] = m[3].trim();
+
+            if (m[3] === "e" || m[3].substr(0, 1) === "*") {
+              ret.push({
+                type_: 'cdot'
+              });
+            } else {
+              ret.push({
+                type_: 'times'
+              });
+            }
+          }
+        }
+
+        if (m[3]) {
+          ret.push("10^{" + m[5] + "}");
+        }
+
+        return ret;
+      },
+      'number^': function number(buffer, m) {
+        /** @type {ParserOutput[]} */
+        var ret = [];
+
+        if (m[0] === "+-" || m[0] === "+/-") {
+          ret.push("\\pm ");
+        } else if (m[0]) {
+          ret.push(m[0]);
+        }
+
+        mhchemParser.concatArray(ret, mhchemParser.go(m[1], 'pu-9,9'));
+        ret.push("^{" + m[2] + "}");
+        return ret;
+      },
+      'operator': function operator(buffer, m, p1) {
+        return {
+          type_: 'operator',
+          kind_: p1 || m
+        };
+      },
+      'space': function space() {
+        return {
+          type_: 'pu-space-1'
+        };
+      },
+      'output': function output(buffer) {
+        /** @type {ParserOutput | ParserOutput[]} */
+        var ret;
+        var md = mhchemParser.patterns.match_('{(...)}', buffer.d || "");
+
+        if (md && md.remainder === '') {
+          buffer.d = md.match_;
+        }
+
+        var mq = mhchemParser.patterns.match_('{(...)}', buffer.q || "");
+
+        if (mq && mq.remainder === '') {
+          buffer.q = mq.match_;
+        }
+
+        if (buffer.d) {
+          buffer.d = buffer.d.replace(/\u00B0C|\^oC|\^{o}C/g, "{}^{\\circ}C");
+          buffer.d = buffer.d.replace(/\u00B0F|\^oF|\^{o}F/g, "{}^{\\circ}F");
+        }
+
+        if (buffer.q) {
+          // fraction
+          buffer.q = buffer.q.replace(/\u00B0C|\^oC|\^{o}C/g, "{}^{\\circ}C");
+          buffer.q = buffer.q.replace(/\u00B0F|\^oF|\^{o}F/g, "{}^{\\circ}F");
+          var b5 = {
+            d: mhchemParser.go(buffer.d, 'pu'),
+            q: mhchemParser.go(buffer.q, 'pu')
+          };
+
+          if (buffer.o === '//') {
+            ret = {
+              type_: 'pu-frac',
+              p1: b5.d,
+              p2: b5.q
+            };
+          } else {
+            ret = b5.d;
+
+            if (b5.d.length > 1 || b5.q.length > 1) {
+              ret.push({
+                type_: ' / '
+              });
+            } else {
+              ret.push({
+                type_: '/'
+              });
+            }
+
+            mhchemParser.concatArray(ret, b5.q);
+          }
+        } else {
+          // no fraction
+          ret = mhchemParser.go(buffer.d, 'pu-2');
+        }
+
+        for (var p in buffer) {
+          delete buffer[p];
+        }
+
+        return ret;
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  'pu-2': {
+    transitions: mhchemParser.createTransitions({
+      'empty': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'output'
+        }
+      },
+      '*': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: ['output', 'cdot'],
+          nextState: '0'
+        }
+      },
+      '\\x': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'rm='
+        }
+      },
+      'space': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: ['output', 'space'],
+          nextState: '0'
+        }
+      },
+      '^{(...)}|^(-1)': {
+        '1': {
+          action_: '^(-1)'
+        }
+      },
+      '-9.,9': {
+        '0': {
+          action_: 'rm=',
+          nextState: '0'
+        },
+        '1': {
+          action_: '^(-1)',
+          nextState: '0'
+        }
+      },
+      '{...}|else': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'rm=',
+          nextState: '1'
+        }
+      }
+    }),
+    actions: {
+      'cdot': function cdot() {
+        return {
+          type_: 'tight cdot'
+        };
+      },
+      '^(-1)': function _(buffer, m) {
+        buffer.rm += "^{" + m + "}";
+      },
+      'space': function space() {
+        return {
+          type_: 'pu-space-2'
+        };
+      },
+      'output': function output(buffer) {
+        /** @type {ParserOutput | ParserOutput[]} */
+        var ret = [];
+
+        if (buffer.rm) {
+          var mrm = mhchemParser.patterns.match_('{(...)}', buffer.rm || "");
+
+          if (mrm && mrm.remainder === '') {
+            ret = mhchemParser.go(mrm.match_, 'pu');
+          } else {
+            ret = {
+              type_: 'rm',
+              p1: buffer.rm
+            };
+          }
+        }
+
+        for (var p in buffer) {
+          delete buffer[p];
+        }
+
+        return ret;
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  'pu-9,9': {
+    transitions: mhchemParser.createTransitions({
+      'empty': {
+        '0': {
+          action_: 'output-0'
+        },
+        'o': {
+          action_: 'output-o'
+        }
+      },
+      ',': {
+        '0': {
+          action_: ['output-0', 'comma'],
+          nextState: 'o'
+        }
+      },
+      '.': {
+        '0': {
+          action_: ['output-0', 'copy'],
+          nextState: 'o'
+        }
+      },
+      'else': {
+        '*': {
+          action_: 'text='
+        }
+      }
+    }),
+    actions: {
+      'comma': function comma() {
+        return {
+          type_: 'commaDecimal'
+        };
+      },
+      'output-0': function output0(buffer) {
+        /** @type {ParserOutput[]} */
+        var ret = [];
+        buffer.text_ = buffer.text_ || "";
+
+        if (buffer.text_.length > 4) {
+          var a = buffer.text_.length % 3;
+
+          if (a === 0) {
+            a = 3;
+          }
+
+          for (var i = buffer.text_.length - 3; i > 0; i -= 3) {
+            ret.push(buffer.text_.substr(i, 3));
+            ret.push({
+              type_: '1000 separator'
+            });
+          }
+
+          ret.push(buffer.text_.substr(0, a));
+          ret.reverse();
+        } else {
+          ret.push(buffer.text_);
+        }
+
+        for (var p in buffer) {
+          delete buffer[p];
+        }
+
+        return ret;
+      },
+      'output-o': function outputO(buffer) {
+        /** @type {ParserOutput[]} */
+        var ret = [];
+        buffer.text_ = buffer.text_ || "";
+
+        if (buffer.text_.length > 4) {
+          var a = buffer.text_.length - 3;
+
+          for (var i = 0; i < a; i += 3) {
+            ret.push(buffer.text_.substr(i, 3));
+            ret.push({
+              type_: '1000 separator'
+            });
+          }
+
+          ret.push(buffer.text_.substr(i));
+        } else {
+          ret.push(buffer.text_);
+        }
+
+        for (var p in buffer) {
+          delete buffer[p];
+        }
+
+        return ret;
+      }
+    } //#endregion
+
+  }
+}; //
+// texify: Take MhchemParser output and convert it to TeX
+//
+
+/** @type {Texify} */
+
+var texify = {
+  go: function go(input, isInner) {
+    // (recursive, max 4 levels)
+    if (!input) {
+      return "";
+    }
+
+    var res = "";
+    var cee = false;
+
+    for (var i = 0; i < input.length; i++) {
+      var inputi = input[i];
+
+      if (typeof inputi === "string") {
+        res += inputi;
+      } else {
+        res += texify._go2(inputi);
+
+        if (inputi.type_ === '1st-level escape') {
+          cee = true;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (!isInner && !cee && res) {
+      res = "{" + res + "}";
+    }
+
+    return res;
+  },
+  _goInner: function _goInner(input) {
+    if (!input) {
+      return input;
+    }
+
+    return texify.go(input, true);
+  },
+  _go2: function _go2(buf) {
+    /** @type {undefined | string} */
+    var res;
+
+    switch (buf.type_) {
+      case 'chemfive':
+        res = "";
+        var b5 = {
+          a: texify._goInner(buf.a),
+          b: texify._goInner(buf.b),
+          p: texify._goInner(buf.p),
+          o: texify._goInner(buf.o),
+          q: texify._goInner(buf.q),
+          d: texify._goInner(buf.d)
+        }; //
+        // a
+        //
+
+        if (b5.a) {
+          if (b5.a.match(/^[+\-]/)) {
+            b5.a = "{" + b5.a + "}";
+          }
+
+          res += b5.a + "\\,";
+        } //
+        // b and p
+        //
+
+
+        if (b5.b || b5.p) {
+          res += "{\\vphantom{X}}";
+          res += "^{\\hphantom{" + (b5.b || "") + "}}_{\\hphantom{" + (b5.p || "") + "}}";
+          res += "{\\vphantom{X}}";
+          res += "^{\\smash[t]{\\vphantom{2}}\\mathllap{" + (b5.b || "") + "}}";
+          res += "_{\\vphantom{2}\\mathllap{\\smash[t]{" + (b5.p || "") + "}}}";
+        } //
+        // o
+        //
+
+
+        if (b5.o) {
+          if (b5.o.match(/^[+\-]/)) {
+            b5.o = "{" + b5.o + "}";
+          }
+
+          res += b5.o;
+        } //
+        // q and d
+        //
+
+
+        if (buf.dType === 'kv') {
+          if (b5.d || b5.q) {
+            res += "{\\vphantom{X}}";
+          }
+
+          if (b5.d) {
+            res += "^{" + b5.d + "}";
+          }
+
+          if (b5.q) {
+            res += "_{\\smash[t]{" + b5.q + "}}";
+          }
+        } else if (buf.dType === 'oxidation') {
+          if (b5.d) {
+            res += "{\\vphantom{X}}";
+            res += "^{" + b5.d + "}";
+          }
+
+          if (b5.q) {
+            res += "{\\vphantom{X}}";
+            res += "_{\\smash[t]{" + b5.q + "}}";
+          }
+        } else {
+          if (b5.q) {
+            res += "{\\vphantom{X}}";
+            res += "_{\\smash[t]{" + b5.q + "}}";
+          }
+
+          if (b5.d) {
+            res += "{\\vphantom{X}}";
+            res += "^{" + b5.d + "}";
+          }
+        }
+
+        break;
+
+      case 'rm':
+        res = "\\mathrm{" + buf.p1 + "}";
+        break;
+
+      case 'text':
+        if (buf.p1.match(/[\^_]/)) {
+          buf.p1 = buf.p1.replace(" ", "~").replace("-", "\\text{-}");
+          res = "\\mathrm{" + buf.p1 + "}";
+        } else {
+          res = "\\text{" + buf.p1 + "}";
+        }
+
+        break;
+
+      case 'roman numeral':
+        res = "\\mathrm{" + buf.p1 + "}";
+        break;
+
+      case 'state of aggregation':
+        res = "\\mskip2mu " + texify._goInner(buf.p1);
+        break;
+
+      case 'state of aggregation subscript':
+        res = "\\mskip1mu " + texify._goInner(buf.p1);
+        break;
+
+      case 'bond':
+        res = texify._getBond(buf.kind_);
+
+        if (!res) {
+          throw ["MhchemErrorBond", "mhchem Error. Unknown bond type (" + buf.kind_ + ")"];
+        }
+
+        break;
+
+      case 'frac':
+        var c = "\\frac{" + buf.p1 + "}{" + buf.p2 + "}";
+        res = "\\mathchoice{\\textstyle" + c + "}{" + c + "}{" + c + "}{" + c + "}";
+        break;
+
+      case 'pu-frac':
+        var d = "\\frac{" + texify._goInner(buf.p1) + "}{" + texify._goInner(buf.p2) + "}";
+        res = "\\mathchoice{\\textstyle" + d + "}{" + d + "}{" + d + "}{" + d + "}";
+        break;
+
+      case 'tex-math':
+        res = buf.p1 + " ";
+        break;
+
+      case 'frac-ce':
+        res = "\\frac{" + texify._goInner(buf.p1) + "}{" + texify._goInner(buf.p2) + "}";
+        break;
+
+      case 'overset':
+        res = "\\overset{" + texify._goInner(buf.p1) + "}{" + texify._goInner(buf.p2) + "}";
+        break;
+
+      case 'underset':
+        res = "\\underset{" + texify._goInner(buf.p1) + "}{" + texify._goInner(buf.p2) + "}";
+        break;
+
+      case 'underbrace':
+        res = "\\underbrace{" + texify._goInner(buf.p1) + "}_{" + texify._goInner(buf.p2) + "}";
+        break;
+
+      case 'color':
+        res = "{\\color{" + buf.color1 + "}{" + texify._goInner(buf.color2) + "}}";
+        break;
+
+      case 'color0':
+        res = "\\color{" + buf.color + "}";
+        break;
+
+      case 'arrow':
+        var b6 = {
+          rd: texify._goInner(buf.rd),
+          rq: texify._goInner(buf.rq)
+        };
+
+        var arrow = "\\x" + texify._getArrow(buf.r);
+
+        if (b6.rq) {
+          arrow += "[{" + b6.rq + "}]";
+        }
+
+        if (b6.rd) {
+          arrow += "{" + b6.rd + "}";
+        } else {
+          arrow += "{}";
+        }
+
+        res = arrow;
+        break;
+
+      case 'operator':
+        res = texify._getOperator(buf.kind_);
+        break;
+
+      case '1st-level escape':
+        res = buf.p1 + " "; // &, \\\\, \\hlin
+
+        break;
+
+      case 'space':
+        res = " ";
+        break;
+
+      case 'entitySkip':
+        res = "~";
+        break;
+
+      case 'pu-space-1':
+        res = "~";
+        break;
+
+      case 'pu-space-2':
+        res = "\\mkern3mu ";
+        break;
+
+      case '1000 separator':
+        res = "\\mkern2mu ";
+        break;
+
+      case 'commaDecimal':
+        res = "{,}";
+        break;
+
+      case 'comma enumeration L':
+        res = "{" + buf.p1 + "}\\mkern6mu ";
+        break;
+
+      case 'comma enumeration M':
+        res = "{" + buf.p1 + "}\\mkern3mu ";
+        break;
+
+      case 'comma enumeration S':
+        res = "{" + buf.p1 + "}\\mkern1mu ";
+        break;
+
+      case 'hyphen':
+        res = "\\text{-}";
+        break;
+
+      case 'addition compound':
+        res = "\\,{\\cdot}\\,";
+        break;
+
+      case 'electron dot':
+        res = "\\mkern1mu \\bullet\\mkern1mu ";
+        break;
+
+      case 'KV x':
+        res = "{\\times}";
+        break;
+
+      case 'prime':
+        res = "\\prime ";
+        break;
+
+      case 'cdot':
+        res = "\\cdot ";
+        break;
+
+      case 'tight cdot':
+        res = "\\mkern1mu{\\cdot}\\mkern1mu ";
+        break;
+
+      case 'times':
+        res = "\\times ";
+        break;
+
+      case 'circa':
+        res = "{\\sim}";
+        break;
+
+      case '^':
+        res = "uparrow";
+        break;
+
+      case 'v':
+        res = "downarrow";
+        break;
+
+      case 'ellipsis':
+        res = "\\ldots ";
+        break;
+
+      case '/':
+        res = "/";
+        break;
+
+      case ' / ':
+        res = "\\,/\\,";
+        break;
+
+      default:
+        throw ["MhchemBugT", "mhchem bug T. Please report."];
+      // Missing texify rule or unknown MhchemParser output
+    }
+    return res;
+  },
+  _getArrow: function _getArrow(a) {
+    switch (a) {
+      case "->":
+        return "rightarrow";
+
+      case "\u2192":
+        return "rightarrow";
+
+      case "\u27F6":
+        return "rightarrow";
+
+      case "<-":
+        return "leftarrow";
+
+      case "<->":
+        return "leftrightarrow";
+
+      case "<-->":
+        return "rightleftarrows";
+
+      case "<=>":
+        return "rightleftharpoons";
+
+      case "\u21CC":
+        return "rightleftharpoons";
+
+      case "<=>>":
+        return "rightequilibrium";
+
+      case "<<=>":
+        return "leftequilibrium";
+
+      default:
+        throw ["MhchemBugT", "mhchem bug T. Please report."];
+    }
+  },
+  _getBond: function _getBond(a) {
+    switch (a) {
+      case "-":
+        return "{-}";
+
+      case "1":
+        return "{-}";
+
+      case "=":
+        return "{=}";
+
+      case "2":
+        return "{=}";
+
+      case "#":
+        return "{\\equiv}";
+
+      case "3":
+        return "{\\equiv}";
+
+      case "~":
+        return "{\\tripledash}";
+
+      case "~-":
+        return "{\\mathrlap{\\raisebox{-.1em}{$-$}}\\raisebox{.1em}{$\\tripledash$}}";
+
+      case "~=":
+        return "{\\mathrlap{\\raisebox{-.2em}{$-$}}\\mathrlap{\\raisebox{.2em}{$\\tripledash$}}-}";
+
+      case "~--":
+        return "{\\mathrlap{\\raisebox{-.2em}{$-$}}\\mathrlap{\\raisebox{.2em}{$\\tripledash$}}-}";
+
+      case "-~-":
+        return "{\\mathrlap{\\raisebox{-.2em}{$-$}}\\mathrlap{\\raisebox{.2em}{$-$}}\\tripledash}";
+
+      case "...":
+        return "{{\\cdot}{\\cdot}{\\cdot}}";
+
+      case "....":
+        return "{{\\cdot}{\\cdot}{\\cdot}{\\cdot}}";
+
+      case "->":
+        return "{\\rightarrow}";
+
+      case "<-":
+        return "{\\leftarrow}";
+
+      case "<":
+        return "{<}";
+
+      case ">":
+        return "{>}";
+
+      default:
+        throw ["MhchemBugT", "mhchem bug T. Please report."];
+    }
+  },
+  _getOperator: function _getOperator(a) {
+    switch (a) {
+      case "+":
+        return " {}+{} ";
+
+      case "-":
+        return " {}-{} ";
+
+      case "=":
+        return " {}={} ";
+
+      case "<":
+        return " {}<{} ";
+
+      case ">":
+        return " {}>{} ";
+
+      case "<<":
+        return " {}\\ll{} ";
+
+      case ">>":
+        return " {}\\gg{} ";
+
+      case "\\pm":
+        return " {}\\pm{} ";
+
+      case "\\approx":
+        return " {}\\approx{} ";
+
+      case "$\\approx$":
+        return " {}\\approx{} ";
+
+      case "v":
+        return " \\downarrow{} ";
+
+      case "(v)":
+        return " \\downarrow{} ";
+
+      case "^":
+        return " \\uparrow{} ";
+
+      case "(^)":
+        return " \\uparrow{} ";
+
+      default:
+        throw ["MhchemBugT", "mhchem bug T. Please report."];
+    }
+  }
+}; //