jtlt 0.3.0 → 0.5.0

package/src/JSONPathTransformerContext.js

@@ -1,6 +1,35 @@
 import {JSONPath as jsonpath} from 'jsonpath-plus';
 import JSONPathTransformer from './JSONPathTransformer.js';
 
+/**
+ * Decimal format symbols for number formatting.
+ * @typedef {object} DecimalFormatSymbols
+ * @property {string} [decimalSeparator='.'] - Character for decimal point
+ * @property {string} [groupingSeparator=','] - Character for thousands
+ * @property {string} [percent='%'] - Character for percent
+ * @property {string} [perMille='‰'] - Character for per-mille
+ * @property {string} [zeroDigit='0'] - Character for zero
+ * @property {string} [digit='#'] - Character for digit placeholder
+ * @property {string} [patternSeparator=';'] - Character separating
+ *   positive/negative patterns
+ * @property {string} [minusSign='-'] - Character for minus sign
+ * @property {string} [infinity='Infinity'] - String for infinity
+ * @property {string} [NaN='NaN'] - String for NaN
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @typedef {number|string|{
+ *   value?: number|string,
+ *   count?: string,
+ *   format?: string,
+ *   decimalFormat?: string,
+ *   groupingSeparator?: string,
+ *   groupingSize?: number,
+ *   lang?: string,
+ *   letterValue?: string
+ * }} NumberValue
+ */
+
 /**
  * Sort spec types used by applyTemplates() and forEach().
  * @typedef {{
@@ -46,6 +75,11 @@ import JSONPathTransformer from './JSONPathTransformer.js';
  * @template [T = "json"]
  */
 class JSONPathTransformerContext {
+  /**
+   * Holds the current iteration state (for position calculations).
+   * @type {{ index?: number } | undefined}
+   */
+  iterationState;
   /**
    * @param {JSONPathTransformerContextConfig<T>} config
    * @param {import('./index.js').JSONPathTemplateObject<T>[]} templates - Array
@@ -63,6 +97,8 @@ class JSONPathTransformerContext {
     this.propertySets = {};
     /** @type {Record<string, {match: string, use: string}>} */
     this.keys = {};
+    /** @type {Record<string, DecimalFormatSymbols>} */
+    this.decimalFormats = {};
     /** @type {boolean | undefined} */
     this._initialized = undefined;
     /** @type {string | undefined} */
@@ -241,6 +277,7 @@ class JSONPathTransformerContext {
       if (type === 'number') {
         const an = Number(aVal);
         const bn = Number(bVal);
+        /* c8 ignore next -- both NaN tested; short-circuit branch tracking */
         if (Number.isNaN(an) && Number.isNaN(bn)) {
           return 0;
         }
@@ -253,6 +290,7 @@ class JSONPathTransformerContext {
         return (an - bn) * order;
       }
       // text
+      /* c8 ignore next 2 -- all null/undefined tested; OR short-circuit */
       const aStr = aVal === null || aVal === undefined ? '' : String(aVal);
       const bStr = bVal === null || bVal === undefined ? '' : String(bVal);
       if (spec && spec.locale) {
@@ -260,6 +298,8 @@ class JSONPathTransformerContext {
           bStr, spec.locale, spec.localeOptions
         ) * order;
       }
+      /* c8 ignore next -- all comparison outcomes tested; ternary
+       * branch tracking */
       return (aStr < bStr ? -1 : (aStr > bStr ? 1 : 0)) * order;
     }
     /**
@@ -390,12 +430,19 @@ class JSONPathTransformerContext {
       that._parent = parent;
       that._parentProperty = (parentProperty ?? that._parentProperty);
 
+      // Set up parameter context for valueOf() access in templates
+      const prevTemplateParams = that._params;
+      that._params = {0: value};
+
       const ret =
         /** @type {import('./index.js').JSONPathTemplateObject<T>} */ (
           templateObj
         ).template.call(
           that, value, {mode, parent, parentProperty}
         );
+
+      // Restore previous parameter context
+      that._params = prevTemplateParams;
       if (typeof ret !== 'undefined') {
         // After the undefined check, ret is ResultType<T>
         that._getJoiningTransformer().append(
@@ -523,11 +570,13 @@ class JSONPathTransformerContext {
      * @returns {number}
      */
     function feCompareBySpec (aVal, bVal, spec) {
+      /* c8 ignore next 2 -- all spec combinations tested; && and || branches */
       const order = (spec && spec.order === 'descending') ? -1 : 1;
       const type = (spec && spec.type) || 'text';
       if (type === 'number') {
         const an = Number(aVal);
         const bn = Number(bVal);
+        /* c8 ignore next -- both NaN tested; short-circuit branch tracking */
         if (Number.isNaN(an) && Number.isNaN(bn)) {
           return 0;
         }
@@ -539,6 +588,7 @@ class JSONPathTransformerContext {
         }
         return (an - bn) * order;
       }
+      /* c8 ignore next 2 -- all null/undefined tested; OR short-circuit */
       const aStr = aVal === null || aVal === undefined ? '' : String(aVal);
       const bStr = bVal === null || bVal === undefined ? '' : String(bVal);
       if (spec && spec.locale) {
@@ -546,6 +596,8 @@ class JSONPathTransformerContext {
           bStr, spec.locale, spec.localeOptions
         ) * order;
       }
+      /* c8 ignore next -- all comparison outcomes tested; ternary
+       * branch tracking */
       return (aStr < bStr ? -1 : (aStr > bStr ? 1 : 0)) * order;
     }
     /**
@@ -589,11 +641,364 @@ class JSONPathTransformerContext {
     const comparator = feBuildComparator(sort);
     const list = comparator ? [...matches].toSorted(comparator) : matches;
     for (const m of list) {
-      cb.call(that, m.value);
+      // Set up parameter context for valueOf() access
+      const prevParams = that._params;
+      const prevContext = that._contextObj;
+      that._params = {0: m.value};
+      that._contextObj = m.value;
+      try {
+        cb.call(that, m.value);
+      } finally {
+        // Restore previous parameter context
+        that._params = prevParams;
+        that._contextObj = prevContext;
+      }
+    }
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Groups items and executes callback for each group.
+   * Equivalent to XSLT's xsl:for-each-group.
+   * @param {string} select - JSONPath selector for items to group
+   * @param {object} options - Grouping options
+   * @param {string} [options.groupBy] - JSONPath expression to group by value
+   * @param {string} [options.groupAdjacent] - Groups adjacent items with
+   *   same value
+   * @param {string} [options.groupStartingWith] - Starts new group when
+   *   expression matches
+   * @param {string} [options.groupEndingWith] - Ends group when expression
+   *   matches
+   * @param {any} [options.sort] - Sort specification (same as forEach)
+   * @param {(
+   *   this: JSONPathTransformerContext<T>, key: any, items: any[], ctx: any
+   * ) => void} cb - Callback receives (groupingKey, groupItems, context)
+   * @returns {this}
+   */
+  forEachGroup (select, options, cb) {
+    // eslint-disable-next-line unicorn/no-this-assignment -- Temporary
+    const that = this;
+    const {groupBy, groupAdjacent, groupStartingWith, groupEndingWith, sort} =
+      options;
+
+    /** @type {{value: any}[]} */
+    const matches = /** @type {any} */ (jsonpath)({
+      path: select,
+      json: this._contextObj,
+      preventEval: this._config.preventEval,
+      wrap: true,
+      resultType: 'all'
+    });
+
+    /**
+     * @param {string} expr
+     * @param {any} ctxVal
+     * @returns {any}
+     */
+    function evalInContext (expr, ctxVal) {
+      if (expr === '.' || expr === '@') {
+        return ctxVal;
+      }
+      return /** @type {any} */ (jsonpath)({
+        path: expr,
+        json: ctxVal,
+        preventEval: that._config.preventEval,
+        wrap: false,
+        returnType: 'value'
+      });
+    }
+
+    // Apply sorting if specified
+    if (sort) {
+      const comparator = this._buildComparator(sort, evalInContext);
+      if (comparator) {
+        matches.sort(
+          /** @type {(a: {value: any}, b: {value: any}) => number} */ (
+            comparator
+          )
+        );
+      }
+    }
+
+    /** @type {Map<any, any[]>} */
+    const groups = new Map();
+
+    if (groupBy) {
+      // Group by computed value
+      for (const m of matches) {
+        const key = evalInContext(groupBy, m.value);
+        // Handle undefined by converting to null for JSON serialization
+        const keyStr = JSON.stringify(key === undefined ? null : key);
+        if (!groups.has(keyStr)) {
+          groups.set(keyStr, []);
+        }
+        /** @type {any[]} */ (groups.get(keyStr)).push(m.value);
+      }
+
+      for (const [keyStr, items] of groups) {
+        const key = JSON.parse(keyStr);
+        // Convert null back to undefined if that was the original value
+        const actualKey = key === null && keyStr === 'null' ? undefined : key;
+        const prevContext = this._contextObj;
+        const prevParams = this._params;
+        try {
+          this._contextObj = items;
+          // Provide currentGroup() and currentGroupingKey() via context
+          /** @type {any} */ (this)._currentGroup = items;
+          /** @type {any} */ (this)._currentGroupingKey = actualKey;
+          cb.call(this, actualKey, items, this);
+        } finally {
+          this._contextObj = prevContext;
+          this._params = prevParams;
+          delete /** @type {any} */ (this)._currentGroup;
+          delete /** @type {any} */ (this)._currentGroupingKey;
+        }
+      }
+    } else if (groupAdjacent) {
+      // Group adjacent items with same value
+      /** @type {string|null} */
+      let currentKey = null;
+      let currentGroup = [];
+
+      for (const m of matches) {
+        const key = evalInContext(groupAdjacent, m.value);
+        const keyStr = JSON.stringify(key);
+
+        if (currentKey === null || currentKey !== keyStr) {
+          if (currentGroup.length > 0) {
+            const prevContext = this._contextObj;
+            const prevParams = this._params;
+            try {
+              this._contextObj = currentGroup;
+              /** @type {any} */ (this)._currentGroup = currentGroup;
+              /** @type {any} */ (this)._currentGroupingKey =
+                JSON.parse(/** @type {string} */ (currentKey));
+              cb.call(
+                this,
+                JSON.parse(/** @type {string} */ (currentKey)),
+                currentGroup,
+                this
+              );
+            } finally {
+              this._contextObj = prevContext;
+              this._params = prevParams;
+              delete /** @type {any} */ (this)._currentGroup;
+              delete /** @type {any} */ (this)._currentGroupingKey;
+            }
+          }
+          currentKey = keyStr;
+          currentGroup = [m.value];
+        } else {
+          currentGroup.push(m.value);
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Process last group
+      if (currentGroup.length > 0) {
+        const prevContext = this._contextObj;
+        const prevParams = this._params;
+        try {
+          this._contextObj = currentGroup;
+          /** @type {any} */ (this)._currentGroup = currentGroup;
+          /** @type {any} */ (this)._currentGroupingKey =
+            JSON.parse(/** @type {string} */ (currentKey));
+          cb.call(
+            this,
+            JSON.parse(/** @type {string} */ (currentKey)),
+            currentGroup,
+            this
+          );
+        } finally {
+          this._contextObj = prevContext;
+          this._params = prevParams;
+          delete /** @type {any} */ (this)._currentGroup;
+          delete /** @type {any} */ (this)._currentGroupingKey;
+        }
+      }
+    } else if (groupStartingWith) {
+      // Start new group when expression matches
+      let currentGroup = [];
+
+      for (const m of matches) {
+        const startMatch = evalInContext(groupStartingWith, m.value);
+
+        if (startMatch && currentGroup.length > 0) {
+          const prevContext = this._contextObj;
+          const prevParams = this._params;
+          try {
+            this._contextObj = currentGroup;
+            /** @type {any} */ (this)._currentGroup = currentGroup;
+            cb.call(this, null, currentGroup, this);
+          } finally {
+            this._contextObj = prevContext;
+            this._params = prevParams;
+            delete /** @type {any} */ (this)._currentGroup;
+          }
+          currentGroup = [];
+        }
+        currentGroup.push(m.value);
+      }
+
+      // Process last group
+      if (currentGroup.length > 0) {
+        const prevContext = this._contextObj;
+        const prevParams = this._params;
+        try {
+          this._contextObj = currentGroup;
+          /** @type {any} */ (this)._currentGroup = currentGroup;
+          cb.call(this, null, currentGroup, this);
+        } finally {
+          this._contextObj = prevContext;
+          this._params = prevParams;
+          delete /** @type {any} */ (this)._currentGroup;
+        }
+      }
+    } else if (groupEndingWith) {
+      // End group when expression matches
+      let currentGroup = [];
+
+      for (const m of matches) {
+        currentGroup.push(m.value);
+        const endMatch = evalInContext(groupEndingWith, m.value);
+
+        if (endMatch) {
+          const prevContext = this._contextObj;
+          const prevParams = this._params;
+          try {
+            this._contextObj = currentGroup;
+            /** @type {any} */ (this)._currentGroup = currentGroup;
+            cb.call(this, null, currentGroup, this);
+          } finally {
+            this._contextObj = prevContext;
+            this._params = prevParams;
+            delete /** @type {any} */ (this)._currentGroup;
+          }
+          currentGroup = [];
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Process last group if not ended
+      if (currentGroup.length > 0) {
+        const prevContext = this._contextObj;
+        const prevParams = this._params;
+        try {
+          this._contextObj = currentGroup;
+          /** @type {any} */ (this)._currentGroup = currentGroup;
+          cb.call(this, null, currentGroup, this);
+        } finally {
+          this._contextObj = prevContext;
+          this._params = prevParams;
+          delete /** @type {any} */ (this)._currentGroup;
+        }
+      }
     }
+
     return this;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Helper to build comparator for sorting.
+   * @param {any} sortSpec
+   * @param {(expr: string, ctxVal: any) => any} evalFn
+   * @returns {((a: {value: any}, b: {value: any}) => number)|null}
+   * @private
+   */
+  _buildComparator (sortSpec, evalFn) {
+    // eslint-disable-next-line unicorn/no-this-assignment -- Temporary
+    const that = this;
+
+    if (typeof sortSpec === 'function') {
+      return function (
+        /** @type {{value: any}} */ a,
+        /** @type {{value: any}} */ b
+      ) {
+        return sortSpec(a.value, b.value, that);
+      };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param {any} aVal
+     * @param {any} bVal
+     * @param {{
+     *   order?: 'ascending'|'descending', type?: 'text'|'number',
+     *   locale?: string, localeOptions?: any
+     * }|undefined} spec
+     * @returns {number}
+     */
+    function compareBySpec (aVal, bVal, spec) {
+      /* c8 ignore next 2 -- all spec combinations tested; && and || branches */
+      const order = (spec && spec.order === 'descending') ? -1 : 1;
+      const type = (spec && spec.type) || 'text';
+      if (type === 'number') {
+        const an = Number(aVal);
+        const bn = Number(bVal);
+        /* c8 ignore next -- both NaN tested; short-circuit branch tracking */
+        if (Number.isNaN(an) && Number.isNaN(bn)) {
+          return 0;
+        }
+        if (Number.isNaN(an)) {
+          return Number(order);
+        }
+        if (Number.isNaN(bn)) {
+          return -1 * order;
+        }
+        return (an - bn) * order;
+      }
+      /* c8 ignore next 2 -- all null/undefined tested; OR short-circuit */
+      const aStr = aVal === null || aVal === undefined ? '' : String(aVal);
+      const bStr = bVal === null || bVal === undefined ? '' : String(bVal);
+      if (spec && spec.locale) {
+        return aStr.localeCompare(
+          bStr, spec.locale, spec.localeOptions
+        ) * order;
+      }
+      /* c8 ignore next 2 -- all comparison outcomes tested; ternary
+       * branch tracking */
+      return (aStr < bStr ? -1 : (aStr > bStr ? 1 : 0)) * order;
+    }
+
+    const specs = Array.isArray(sortSpec) ? sortSpec : [sortSpec];
+    return function (
+      /** @type {{value: any}} */ a,
+      /** @type {{value: any}} */ b
+    ) {
+      for (const s of specs) {
+        if (typeof s === 'string') {
+          const av = evalFn(s, a.value);
+          const bv = evalFn(s, b.value);
+          const c = compareBySpec(av, bv, {type: 'text', order: 'ascending'});
+          if (c !== 0) {
+            return c;
+          }
+        } else if (s && typeof s === 'object') {
+          const av = evalFn(s.select, a.value);
+          const bv = evalFn(s.select, b.value);
+          const c = compareBySpec(av, bv, s);
+          if (c !== 0) {
+            return c;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      return 0;
+    };
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the current group (for use within forEachGroup callback).
+   * @returns {any[]|undefined}
+   */
+  currentGroup () {
+    return /** @type {any} */ (this)._currentGroup;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the current grouping key (for use within forEachGroup callback).
+   * @returns {any}
+   */
+  currentGroupingKey () {
+    return /** @type {any} */ (this)._currentGroupingKey;
+  }
+
   /**
    * @param {string|object} [select] - JSONPath selector
    * @returns {this}
@@ -612,6 +1017,48 @@ class JSONPathTransformerContext {
         ? /** @type {{select?: string}} */ (select).select
         : select;
 
+      // Check for format-number() function call
+      if (selectStr && selectStr.includes('format-number(')) {
+        const match = (/format-number\((?<value>[^,\)]+)(?:,\s*["'](?<format>[^"']+)["'])?(?:,\s*["'](?<decimalFormat>[^"']*)["'])?\)/v).exec(selectStr);
+        if (match && match.groups) {
+          const {
+            value: valueExpr,
+            format: formatStr,
+            decimalFormat: decimalFormatName
+          } = match.groups;
+          // Evaluate the value expression
+          let numValue;
+          if (valueExpr.trim().startsWith('$') &&
+              !valueExpr.includes('.') && !valueExpr.includes('[')) {
+            // Parameter reference (no path components)
+            const paramName = valueExpr.trim().slice(1);
+            numValue = this._params && paramName in this._params
+              ? this._params[paramName]
+              : 0;
+          } else {
+            // Try to parse as number or evaluate as JSONPath
+            const trimmed = valueExpr.trim();
+            numValue = Number.isNaN(Number(trimmed))
+              ? this.get(trimmed, false)
+              : Number(trimmed);
+          }
+          const num = typeof numValue === 'string'
+            ? Number(numValue)
+            : numValue;
+          const format = formatStr || '1';
+          const formatted = this._formatNumber(
+            num,
+            format,
+            undefined,
+            undefined,
+            decimalFormatName || '',
+            'en'
+          );
+          /** @type {any} */ (results).append(formatted);
+          return this;
+        }
+      }
+
       // Check if this is a parameter reference (starts with $)
       if (selectStr && selectStr.startsWith('$')) {
         const paramName = selectStr.slice(1);
@@ -627,6 +1074,146 @@ class JSONPathTransformerContext {
     return this;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Analyze a string with a regular expression, equivalent to
+   * xsl:analyze-string. Processes matching and non-matching substrings
+   * with separate callbacks.
+   * @param {string} str - The string to analyze
+   * @param {string|RegExp} regex - Regular expression to match against
+   * @param {{
+   *   matchingSubstring?: (
+   *     this: JSONPathTransformerContext<T>,
+   *     substring: string,
+   *     groups: string[],
+   *     regexGroup: (n: number) => string
+   *   ) => void,
+   *   nonMatchingSubstring?: (
+   *     this: JSONPathTransformerContext<T>,
+   *     substring: string
+   *   ) => void,
+   *   flags?: string
+   * }} options - Options object
+   * @returns {this}
+   */
+  analyzeString (str, regex, options = {}) {
+    // Ensure we have a string
+    const inputString = String(str || '');
+
+    // If empty string, do nothing
+    if (inputString.length === 0) {
+      return this;
+    }
+
+    const {
+      matchingSubstring,
+      nonMatchingSubstring,
+      flags = ''
+    } = options;
+
+    // Convert regex to RegExp if it's a string
+    let regexObj;
+    if (typeof regex === 'string') {
+      // Ensure 'g' flag is present for global matching
+      const actualFlags = flags.includes('g') ? flags : flags + 'g';
+      regexObj = new RegExp(regex, actualFlags);
+    } else {
+      regexObj = regex;
+      // Ensure global flag is set
+      if (!regexObj.global) {
+        regexObj = new RegExp(
+          regexObj.source,
+          regexObj.flags + 'g'
+        );
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Check for zero-length matches (error condition in XSLT)
+    if (regexObj.test('')) {
+      throw new Error(
+        'Regular expression matches zero-length string'
+      );
+    }
+
+    // Store captured groups for access during callback
+    /** @type {string[] | undefined} */
+    let currentCapturedGroups;
+
+    /**
+     * Get captured group by index.
+     * @param {number} groupNumber - Group index
+     * @returns {string} - Captured group or empty string
+     */
+    const getRegexGroup = (groupNumber) => {
+      if (!currentCapturedGroups ||
+          groupNumber < 0 ||
+          groupNumber >= currentCapturedGroups.length) {
+        return '';
+      }
+      return currentCapturedGroups[groupNumber] || '';
+    };
+
+    // Save previous context to restore later
+    const prevContext = this._contextObj;
+
+    let lastIndex = 0;
+    let match;
+
+    // Bind callbacks to this context
+    const boundMatchingSubstring = matchingSubstring
+      ? matchingSubstring.bind(this)
+      : undefined;
+    const boundNonMatchingSubstring = nonMatchingSubstring
+      ? nonMatchingSubstring.bind(this)
+      : undefined;
+
+    // Find all matches
+    while ((match = regexObj.exec(inputString)) !== null) {
+      // Process non-matching substring before this match
+      if (match.index > lastIndex) {
+        const nonMatchingStr = inputString.slice(lastIndex, match.index);
+        if (boundNonMatchingSubstring) {
+          this._contextObj = nonMatchingStr;
+          boundNonMatchingSubstring(nonMatchingStr);
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Process matching substring
+      if (boundMatchingSubstring) {
+        const matchingStr = match[0];
+        // Store captured groups: [full match, group1, group2, ...]
+        currentCapturedGroups = [...match];
+        this._contextObj = matchingStr;
+        boundMatchingSubstring(
+          matchingStr, currentCapturedGroups, getRegexGroup
+        );
+        currentCapturedGroups = undefined;
+      }
+
+      const {lastIndex: newLastIndex} = regexObj;
+      lastIndex = newLastIndex;
+
+      // Prevent infinite loop on zero-length matches (shouldn't happen
+      // due to earlier check, but defensive)
+      if (match.index === regexObj.lastIndex) {
+        regexObj.lastIndex++;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Process final non-matching substring
+    if (lastIndex < inputString.length) {
+      const nonMatchingStr = inputString.slice(lastIndex);
+      if (boundNonMatchingSubstring) {
+        this._contextObj = nonMatchingStr;
+        boundNonMatchingSubstring(nonMatchingStr);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Restore previous context
+    this._contextObj = prevContext;
+
+    return this;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Deep copy selection or current context when omitted.
    * @param {string} [select] - JSONPath selector
@@ -735,16 +1322,314 @@ class JSONPathTransformerContext {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Append a number to JSON output. Mirrors the joining transformer API so
-   *   templates can call `this.number()`.
-   * @param {number} num - Number value to append
+   * Append a number to JSON output with xsl:number-like formatting.
+   * @param {NumberValue} num - Number value, "position()" string, or
+   *   options object
    * @returns {this}
    */
   number (num) {
-    this._getJoiningTransformer().number(num);
+    // Handle xsl:number-like functionality
+    if (typeof num === 'object' && num !== null) {
+      const opts = num;
+      let {value} = opts;
+
+      // Handle position() and hierarchical numbering
+      if (value === 'position()' || value === undefined) {
+        const {count} = opts;
+        // @ts-expect-error: dynamic property access
+        const level = opts.level || 'single';
+
+        switch (level) {
+        case 'single': {
+          value = this.calculatePosition(count);
+          // If count is set, simulate count by returning total items
+          //   in current context
+          if (count) {
+            const arr = Array.isArray(this.get(count, true))
+              ? this.get(count, true)
+              /* c8 ignore next -- defensive: get(wrap) always returns array */
+              : [];
+            value = arr.length;
+          }
+
+          break;
+        }
+        case 'multiple': {
+          // Hierarchical numbering: get position for each ancestor up to root
+          const positions = [];
+          let state = /** @type {any} */ (this._config).iterationState;
+          while (state) {
+            // If count is set, use count for each ancestor if possible
+            if (count) {
+              const arr = Array.isArray(this.get(count, true))
+                ? this.get(count, true)
+                /* c8 ignore next -- defensive: get(wrap) returns array */
+                : [];
+              positions.unshift(arr.length);
+            } else {
+              positions.unshift(
+                state.index !== undefined
+                  ? state.index + 1
+                  /* c8 ignore next -- defensive: state always has index */
+                  : 1
+              );
+            }
+            state = state.parentState;
+          }
+          value = positions.join('.');
+
+          break;
+        }
+        case 'any': {
+          // Count all matching items up to current
+          value = this.calculatePosition(count);
+
+          break;
+        }
+        // No default
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Determine format string and locale
+      let format = opts.format || '1';
+      const locale = opts.lang || 'en';
+      const {letterValue} = opts;
+
+      // If letterValue is 'alphabetic', force alphabetic format
+      if (letterValue === 'alphabetic') {
+        format = (opts.format && (/^[aA]$/v).test(opts.format)) ? opts.format : 'a';
+      }
+
+      // Ensure value is a number or string for formatting
+      let numValue = value;
+      // If value is undefined, fallback to opts.value
+      if (typeof numValue === 'undefined') {
+        numValue = opts.value;
+      }
+      if (typeof numValue === 'string') {
+        numValue = Number(numValue);
+      }
+      if (typeof numValue !== 'number' || Number.isNaN(numValue)) {
+        numValue = 1;
+      }
+      const formatted = this._formatNumber(
+        numValue,
+        format,
+        opts.groupingSeparator,
+        opts.groupingSize,
+        locale,
+        opts.decimalFormat
+      );
+
+      // Output as string if formatted, otherwise as number
+      if (format && format !== '1') {
+        this._getJoiningTransformer().plainText(formatted);
+      } else {
+        this._getJoiningTransformer().number(Number(formatted));
+      }
+    } else if (num === 'position()') {
+      // Simple position() call
+      const pos = this.calculatePosition();
+      this._getJoiningTransformer().number(pos);
+    } else {
+      // Simple number
+      this._getJoiningTransformer().number(
+        typeof num === 'string' ? Number(num) : num
+      );
+    }
     return this;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Calculate position in current iteration context.
+   * @param {string} [count] - JSONPath expression to match
+   * @returns {number}
+   */
+  calculatePosition (count) {
+    // If count is provided, return the length of the matched array from
+    //   the root data
+    if (count) {
+      const result = jsonpath({
+        path: count, json: this._origObj, resultType: 'value', wrap: true
+      });
+      if (Array.isArray(result)) {
+        if (result.length === 0) {
+          return 0;
+        }
+        // If the first item is an array, return its length
+        if (Array.isArray(result[0])) {
+          return result[0].length;
+        }
+        // Otherwise, return the number of matches
+        return result.length;
+      }
+      /* c8 ignore next 3 -- defensive:
+        jsonpath-plus with wrap:true always returns arrays */
+      return 0;
+    }
+    // Get current index from iteration state
+    const state = this.iterationState;
+    if (state && typeof state.index === 'number') {
+      return state.index + 1; // 1-indexed
+    }
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Format a number according to format string.
+   * @param {number} num - Number to format
+   * @param {string} format - Format string (1, a, A, i, I, 01, etc.)
+   * @param {string} [groupingSeparator] - Separator for grouping
+   * @param {number} [groupingSize] - Size of groups
+   * @param {string} [decimalFormatName] - Name of decimal format to use
+   * @param {string} [locale] - Locale for formatting
+   * @returns {string}
+   */
+  _formatNumber (
+    num,
+    format,
+    groupingSeparator,
+    groupingSize,
+    decimalFormatName,
+    locale = 'en'
+  ) {
+    if (Number.isNaN(num)) {
+      // Check for custom NaN string in decimal format
+      const fmt = decimalFormatName
+        ? this.decimalFormats[decimalFormatName]
+        : this.decimalFormats[''];
+      return fmt?.NaN || String(num);
+    }
+
+    // Get decimal format if specified
+    const decimalFormat = decimalFormatName
+      ? this.decimalFormats[decimalFormatName]
+      : this.decimalFormats[''];
+
+    let result;
+    const formatChar = format.charAt(0);
+
+    switch (formatChar) {
+    case 'i': {
+      result = this._toRoman(num).toLowerCase();
+
+      break;
+    }
+    case 'I': {
+      result = this._toRoman(num);
+
+      break;
+    }
+    case 'a': {
+      result = this._toAlphabetic(num, false);
+
+      break;
+    }
+    case 'A': {
+      result = this._toAlphabetic(num, true);
+
+      break;
+    }
+    case '0': {
+      const width = format.length;
+      const zeroDigit = decimalFormat?.zeroDigit || '0';
+      result = String(num).padStart(width, zeroDigit);
+
+      break;
+    }
+    default: {
+      // Use Intl.NumberFormat for decimal formatting if grouping/locale
+      //   options are provided
+      let options = {};
+      if (groupingSeparator || groupingSize) {
+        options = {
+          useGrouping: true
+        };
+      }
+
+      try {
+        result = new Intl.NumberFormat(locale, options).format(num);
+
+        // Apply decimal format symbols if specified
+        if (decimalFormat) {
+          // Use placeholders to avoid conflicts during replacement
+          const TEMP_GROUP = '\u0000GROUPSEP\u0000';
+          const TEMP_DECIMAL = '\u0000DECIMALSEP\u0000';
+
+          // Replace with temporary placeholders first
+          result = result.replaceAll(',', TEMP_GROUP);
+          result = result.replaceAll('.', TEMP_DECIMAL);
+
+          // Now replace with actual symbols
+          const effectiveGroupingSep = groupingSeparator ||
+            decimalFormat.groupingSeparator || ',';
+          const effectiveDecimalSep = decimalFormat.decimalSeparator || '.';
+
+          result = result.replaceAll(TEMP_GROUP, effectiveGroupingSep);
+          result = result.replaceAll(TEMP_DECIMAL, effectiveDecimalSep);
+        } else if (groupingSeparator) {
+          result = result.replaceAll(',', groupingSeparator);
+        }
+      } catch (e) {
+        result = String(num);
+      }
+    }
+    }
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Convert number to Roman numerals.
+   * @param {number} num - Number to convert (1-3999)
+   * @returns {string}
+   * @private
+   */
+  // eslint-disable-next-line class-methods-use-this -- Avoid for now
+  _toRoman (num) {
+    if (num < 1 || num > 3999) {
+      return String(num);
+    }
+
+    const vals = [1000, 900, 500, 400, 100, 90, 50, 40, 10, 9, 5, 4, 1];
+    const syms = [
+      'M', 'CM', 'D', 'CD', 'C', 'XC', 'L', 'XL', 'X', 'IX', 'V', 'IV', 'I'
+    ];
+
+    let result = '';
+    for (const [i, val] of vals.entries()) {
+      while (num >= val) {
+        result += syms[i];
+        num -= val;
+      }
+    }
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Convert number to alphabetic sequence.
+   * @param {number} num - Number to convert
+   * @param {boolean} uppercase - Use uppercase letters
+   * @returns {string}
+   * @private
+   */
+  // eslint-disable-next-line class-methods-use-this -- Avoid for now
+  _toAlphabetic (num, uppercase) {
+    if (num < 1) {
+      return String(num);
+    }
+
+    let result = '';
+    const base = uppercase ? 65 : 97; // 'A' or 'a'
+
+    while (num > 0) {
+      num--; // Make 0-indexed
+      result = String.fromCodePoint(base + (num % 26)) + result;
+      num = Math.floor(num / 26);
+    }
+
+    return result;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Append plain text directly to the output without escaping or JSON
    *   stringification. Mirrors the joining transformer API so templates can
@@ -802,6 +1687,17 @@ class JSONPathTransformerContext {
     return this;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * @param {string} name
+   * @param {import('./AbstractJoiningTransformer.js').
+   *   OutputCharacters} outputCharacters
+   * @returns {this}
+   */
+  characterMap (name, outputCharacters) {
+    this._getJoiningTransformer().characterMap(name, outputCharacters);
+    return this;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Create an element. Mirrors the joining transformer API so templates can
    * call `this.element()`.
@@ -819,6 +1715,41 @@ class JSONPathTransformerContext {
     return this;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Adds a prefixed namespace declaration to the most recently opened
+   *  element. Mirrors the joining
+   * transformer API so templates can call `this.attribute()`.
+   * @param {string} prefix - Prefix
+   * @param {string} namespaceURI - Namespace
+   * @returns {this}
+   */
+  namespace (prefix, namespaceURI) {
+    /** @type {any} */ (this._getJoiningTransformer()).namespace(
+      prefix, namespaceURI
+    );
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Define a decimal format with custom symbols for number formatting.
+   * Equivalent to xsl:decimal-format. If no name is provided, defines
+   * the default format.
+   * @param {string|DecimalFormatSymbols} nameOrSymbols - Format name or
+   *   symbols object if defining default
+   * @param {DecimalFormatSymbols} [symbols] - Format symbols
+   * @returns {this}
+   */
+  decimalFormat (nameOrSymbols, symbols) {
+    if (typeof nameOrSymbols === 'string') {
+      // Named format
+      this.decimalFormats[nameOrSymbols] = symbols || {};
+    } else {
+      // Default format (unnamed)
+      this.decimalFormats[''] = nameOrSymbols;
+    }
+    return this;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Add an attribute to the most recently opened element. Mirrors the joining
    * transformer API so templates can call `this.attribute()`.