jspsych 6.3.0 → 7.1.1

package/docs/core_library/jspsych-core.md

@@ -1,734 +0,0 @@
-# The jsPsych core library
-
----
-## jsPsych.addNodeToEndOfTimeline
-```
-jsPsych.addNodeToEndOfTimeline(node_parameters)
-```
-
-### Parameters
-
-| Parameter       | Type     | Description                              |
-| --------------- | -------- | ---------------------------------------- |
-| node_parameters | object   | An object defining a timeline. It must have, at a minimum, a `timeline` parameter with a valid timeline array as the value for that parameter. |
-
-### Return value
-
-None.
-
-### Description
-
-Adds the timeline to the end of the experiment.
-
-### Examples
-
-#### Without callback
-
-```javascript
-var trial = {
-  type: 'html-keyboard-response',
-  stimulus: 'This is a new trial.'
-}
-
-var new_timeline = {
-  timeline: [trial]
-}
-
-jsPsych.addNodeToEndOfTimeline(new_timeline)
-```
-
-### With callback
-
-```javascript
-var first = {
-  type: 'html-keyboard-response',
-  stimulus: 'first trial; new trial added when on_finish is called',
-  on_finish: function(){
-    jsPsych.pauseExperiment();
-    jsPsych.addNodeToEndOfTimeline({
-      timeline: [{
-        type: 'image-keyboard-response',
-        stimulus: 'img/happy_face_4.jpg'
-      }]
-    }, jsPsych.resumeExperiment)
-  }
-}
-```
-
----
-## jsPsych.allTimelineVariables
-
-```
-jsPsych.allTimelineVariables()
-```
-
-### Parameters
-
-None.
-
-### Return value
-
-Returns an object with all available timeline variables at this moment in the experiment, represented as `key: value` pairs.
-
-### Description
-
-This function can be used to get all the timeline variables at a particular moment in the experiment. Can be useful for annotating
-data, such as in the example below.
-
-### Example
-
-```javascript
-var trial = {
-  type: 'html-keyboard-response',
-  stimulus: 'Just a demo',
-  on_finish: function(data){
-    // merge all timeline variables available at this trial into the data for this trial
-    Object.assign(data, jsPsych.allTimelineVariables())
-  }
-}
-```
-
----
-## jsPsych.currentTimelineNodeID
-
-```
-jsPsych.currentTimelineNodeID()
-```
-
-### Parameters
-
-None.
-
-### Return value
-
-Returns the ID of the TimelineNode that is currently active.
-
-### Description
-
-Gets the ID of the active TimelineNode. The ID is a string that follows a specific format:
-
-* `"0.0"` is the ID of the first top-level TimelineNode
-* `"1.0"` is the ID of the second top-level TimelineNode
-* `"2.0"` is the ID of the third top-level TimelineNode, and so on...
-
-If a TimelineNode iterates multiple times (using the loop function, for example), then the iterations are indicated in the second number:
-
-* `"0.0"` is the ID of the first top-level TimelineNode during the first iteration
-* `"0.1"` is the ID of the first top-level TimelineNode during the second iteration
-* `"0.2"` is the ID of the first top-level TimelineNode during the third iteration, and so on...
-
-If TimelineNodes are nested in other TimelineNodes, then the hierarchical structure is shown with `"."`:
-
-* `"0.0-1.0"` is the ID of the second TimelineNode on the timeline of the first top-level TimelineNode.
-* `"0.0-2.0"` is the ID of the third TimelineNode on the timeline of the first top-level TimelineNode, and so on...
-
-The rules about iterations apply throughout the hierarchical ID:
-
-* `"0.2-1.3"` is the ID of the second TimelineNode, executing for the fourth time, on the timeline of the first top-level TimelineNode, executing for the third time.
-
-
-### Example
-
-```javascript
-var id = jsPsych.currentTimelineNodeID();
-
-console.log('The current TimelineNode ID is '+id);
-```
-
----
-## jsPsych.currentTrial
-
-```
-jsPsych.currentTrial()
-```
-
-### Parameters
-
-None.
-
-### Return value
-
-Returns the object describing the current trial. The object will contain all of the parameters associated with the current trial.
-
-### Description
-
-Get a description of the current trial
-
-### Example
-
-```javascript
-
-var trial = jsPsych.currentTrial();
-
-console.log('The current trial is using the '+trial.type+' plugin');
-```
----
-## jsPsych.endCurrentTimeline
-
-```
-jsPsych.endCurrentTimeline
-```
-
-### Parameters
-
-None.
-
-### Return value
-
-None.
-
-### Description
-
-Ends the current timeline. If timelines are nested, then only the timeline that contains the current trial is ended.
-
-### Example
-
-#### End timeline if a particular key is pressed
-
-```javascript
-
-var images = [
-  "img/1.gif", "img/2.gif", "img/3.gif", "img/4.gif",
-  "img/5.gif", "img/6.gif", "img/7.gif", "img/8.gif",
-  "img/9.gif", "img/10.gif"
-];
-
-var trials = [];
-for (var i = 0; i < images.length; i++) {
-  trials.push({
-    stimulus: images[i]
-  });
-}
-
-var block = {
-  type: 'image-keyboard-response',
-  choices: ['y', 'n'], 
-  prompt: '<p>Press "y" to Continue. Press "n" to end this node of the experiment.</p>',
-  on_finish: function(data) {
-    if (jsPsych.pluginAPI.compareKeys(data.response, 'n')) {
-      jsPsych.endCurrentTimeline();
-    }
-  },
-  timeline: trials
-}
-
-var after_block = {
-  type: 'html-keyboard-response',
-  stimulus: '<p>The next node</p>'
-}
-
-jsPsych.init({
-  timeline: [block, after_block],
-  on_finish: function() {
-    jsPsych.data.displayData();
-  }
-});
-
-```
-
----
-## jsPsych.endExperiment
-
-```
-jsPsych.endExperiment(end_message)
-```
-
-### Parameters
-
-| Parameter   | Type   | Description                              |
-| ----------- | ------ | ---------------------------------------- |
-| end_message | string | A message to display on the screen after the experiment is over. |
-
-### Return value
-
-None.
-
-### Description
-
-Ends the experiment, skipping all remaining trials.
-
-### Example
-
-#### End the experiment if a particular response is given
-
-```javascript
-var trial = {
-  type: 'image-keyboard-response',
-  stimulus: 'image1.jpg',
-  choices: ['y', 'n']
-  prompt: '<p>Press "y" to Continue. Press "n" to end the experiment</p>',
-  on_finish: function(data){
-    if(jsPsych.pluginAPI.compareKeys(data.response, "n")){
-      jsPsych.endExperiment('The experiment was ended by pressing "n".');
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-
----
-## jsPsych.finishTrial
-
-```
-jsPsych.finishTrial(data)
-```
-
-### Parameters
-
-| Parameter | Type   | Description                      |
-| --------- | ------ | -------------------------------- |
-| data      | object | The data to store for the trial. |
-
-
-### Return value
-
-Returns nothing.
-
-### Description
-
-This method tells jsPsych that the current trial is over. It is used in all of the plugins to end the current trial. When the trial ends a few things happen:
-
-* The data is stored using `jsPsych.data.write()`
-* The on_finish callback function is executed for the trial
-* The on_trial_finish callback function is executed
-* The progress bar is updated if it is being displayed
-* The experiment ends if the trial is the last one (and the on_finish callback function is executed).
-* The next trial, if one exists, is started.
-
-### Example
-
-```javascript
-
-// this code would be in a plugin
-jsPsych.finishTrial({correct_response: true});
-
-```
----
-## jsPsych.getDisplayElement
-
-```
-jsPsych.getDisplayElement()
-```
-
-### Parameters
-
-None.
-
-### Return value
-
-Returns the HTML DOM element used for displaying the experiment.
-
-### Description
-
-Get the DOM element that displays the experiment.
-
-### Example
-
-```javascript
-var el = jsPsych.getDisplayElement();
-
-// hide the jsPsych display
-el.style.visibility = 'hidden';
-```
-
----
-## jsPsych.getProgressBarCompleted
-
-```
-jsPsych.getProgressBarCompleted()
-```
-
-### Parameters
-
-None.
-
-### Return value
-
-Returns a value between 0 and 1 representing how full the progress bar currently is.
-
-### Description
-
-Used to get the current value of the progress bar. Works for automated and manual control.
-
-### Example
-
-```javascript
-var progress_bar_amount = jsPsych.getProgressBarCompleted();
-```
-
----
-## jsPsych.init
-
-```
-jsPsych.init(settings)
-```
-
-### Parameters
-
-| Parameter | Type   | Description                              |
-| --------- | ------ | ---------------------------------------- |
-| settings  | object | The settings object for initializing jsPsych. See table below. |
-
-The settings object can contain several parameters. The only *required* parameter is `timeline`.
-
-| Parameter                  | Type     | Description                              |
-| -------------------------- | -------- | ---------------------------------------- |
-| timeline                   | array    | An array containing the objects that describe the experiment timeline. See [Creating an Experiment: The Timeline](../overview/timeline.md). |
-| display_element            | string   | The ID of an HTML element to display the experiment in. If left blank, jsPsych will use the `<body>` element to display content. All keyboard event listeners are bound to this element. In order for a keyboard event to be detected, this element must have focus (be the last thing that the subject clicked on). |
-| on_finish                  | function | Function to execute when the experiment ends. |
-| on_trial_start             | function | Function to execute when a new trial begins. |
-| on_trial_finish            | function | Function to execute when a trial ends.   |
-| on_data_update             | function | Function to execute every time data is stored using the `jsPsych.data.write` method. All plugins use this method to save data (via a call to `jsPsych.finishTrial`, so this function runs every time a plugin stores new data. |
-| on_interaction_data_update | function | Function to execute every time a new interaction event occurs. Interaction events include clicking on a different window (blur), returning to the experiment window (focus), entering full screen mode (fullscreenenter), and exiting full screen mode (fullscreenexit). |
-| on_close                   | function | Function to execute when the user leaves the page. Can be used, for example, to save data before the page is closed. |
-| exclusions                 | object   | Specifies restrictions on the browser the subject can use to complete the experiment. See list of options below. |
-| show_progress_bar          | boolean  | If true, then [a progress bar](../overview/progress-bar.md) is shown at the top of the page. |
-| message_progress_bar       | string   | Message to display next to the progress bar. The default is 'Completion Progress'. |
-| auto_update_progress_bar   | boolean  | If true, then the progress bar at the top of the page will automatically update as every top-level timeline or trial is completed. |
-| use_webaudio               | boolean  | If false, then jsPsych will not attempt to use the WebAudio API for audio playback. Instead, HTML5 Audio objects will be used. The WebAudio API offers more precise control over the timing of audio events, and should be used when possible. The default value is true. |
-| default_iti                | numeric  | The default inter-trial interval in ms. The default value if none is specified is 0ms. |
-| experiment_width           | numeric  | The desired width of the jsPsych container in pixels. If left undefined, the width will be 100% of the display element. Usually this is the `<body>` element, and the width will be 100% of the screen size. |
-| minimum_valid_rt           | numeric  | The minimum valid response time for key presses during the experiment. Any key press response time that is less than this value will be treated as invalid and ignored. Note that this parameter only applies to _keyboard responses_, and not to other response types such as buttons and sliders. The default value is 0. |
-| override_safe_mode         | boolean  | Running a jsPsych experiment directly in a web browser (e.g., by double clicking on a local HTML file) will load the page using the `file://` protocol. Some features of jsPsych don't work with this protocol. By default, when jsPsych detects that it's running on a page loaded via the `file://` protocol, it runs in _safe mode_, which automatically disables features that don't work in this context. Specifically, the use of Web Audio is disabled (audio will be played using HTML5 audio instead, even if `use_webaudio` is `true`) and video preloading is disabled. The `override_safe_mode` parameter defaults to `false`, but you can set it to `true` to force these features to operate under the `file://` protocol. In order for this to work, you will need to disable web security (CORS) features in your browser - this is safe to do if you know what you are doing. Note that this parameter has no effect when you are running the experiment on a web server, because the page will be loaded via the `http://` or `https://` protocol. |
-| case_sensitive_responses   | boolean  | If true, then jsPsych will make a distinction between uppercase and lowercase keys when evaluating keyboard responses, e.g. "A" (uppercase) will not be recognized as a valid response if the trial only accepts "a" (lowercase). If false, then jsPsych will not make a distinction between uppercase and lowercase keyboard responses, e.g. both "a" and "A" responses will be valid when the trial's key choice parameter is "a". Setting this parameter to false is useful if you want key responses to be treated the same way when CapsLock is turned on or the Shift key is held down. The default value is false. |
-extensions | array | Array containing information about one or more jsPsych extensions that are used during the experiment. Each extension should be specified as an object with `type` (required), which is the name of the extension, and `params` (optional), which is an object containing any parameter-value pairs to be passed to the extension's `initialize` function. Default value is an empty array. |
-
-Possible values for the exclusions parameter above.
-
-| Parameter  | Type    | Description                              |
-| ---------- | ------- | ---------------------------------------- |
-| min_width  | numeric | The minimum width of the browser window. If the width is below this value, a message will be displayed to the subject asking them to maximize their browser window. The experiment will sit on this page until the browser window is large enough. |
-| min_height | numeric | Same as above, but with height.          |
-| audio      | boolean | Set to true to require support for the WebAudio API (used by plugins that play audio files). |
-
-### Return value
-
-Returns nothing.
-
-### Description
-
-This method configures and starts the experiment.
-
-### Example
-
-See any of the plugin examples in the [examples folder](https://github.com/jodeleeuw/jsPsych/tree/master/examples) in the GitHub repository.
-
----
-## jsPsych.initSettings
-
-```
-jsPsych.initSettings()
-```
-
-### Parameters
-
-None
-
-### Return value
-
-Returns the settings object used to initialize the experiment.
-
-### Description
-
-Gets the object containing the settings for the current experiment.
-
-### Example
-
-```javascript
-var settings = jsPsych.initSettings();
-
-// check the experiment structure
-console.log(JSON.stringify(settings.timeline));
-```
-
----
-## jsPsych.pauseExperiment
-```
-jsPsych.pauseExperiment()
-```
-
-### Parameters
-
-None.
-
-### Return value
-
-None.
-
-### Description
-
-Pauses the experiment. The experiment will finish the current trial, but will not execute any additional trials until `jsPsych.resumeExperiment()` is called.
-
-### Example
-
-```javascript
-var trial = {
-  type: 'html-keyboard-response',
-  stimulus: 'Press p to take a 30 second break. Otherwise, press c to continue immediately.',
-  choices: ['p','c'],
-  on_finish: function(data){
-    if(jsPsych.pluginAPI.compareKeys(data.response, "p")) { 
-      jsPsych.pauseExperiment();
-      setTimeout(jsPsych.resumeExperiment, 30000);
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-
----
-## jsPsych.progress
-
-```
-jsPsych.progress()
-```
-
-### Parameters
-
-None.
-
-### Return value
-
-Returns an object with the following properties:
-
-| Property             | Type    | Description                              |
-| -------------------- | ------- | ---------------------------------------- |
-| total_trials         | numeric | Indicates the number of trials in the experiment. Note that this does not count possible loops or skipped trials due to conditional statements. |
-| current_trial_global | numeric | Returns the trial index of the current trial in a global scope. Every trial will increase this count by 1. |
-| percent_complete     | numeric | Estimates the percent of the experiment that is complete. Works as expected for experiments without conditional or looping timelines. For complex timelines, the percent is an approximation. |
-
-
-### Description
-
-This method returns information about the length of the experiment and the subject's current location in the experiment timeline.
-
-### Example
-
-```javascript
-
-var progress = jsPsych.progress();
-
-alert('You have completed approximately '+progress.percent_complete+'% of the experiment');
-
-```
----
-## jsPsych.resumeExperiment
-```
-jsPsych.resumeExperiment()
-```
-
-### Parameters
-
-None.
-
-### Return value
-
-None.
-
-### Description
-
-Resumes the experiment after a call to `jsPsych.pauseExperiment()`. If the post trial delay (`post_trial_gap`) has not yet been reached, then the experiment will not continue until the delay is finished. For example, if `post_trial_gap` was 10,000ms and `jsPsych.resumeExperiment()` was called 6,000ms after the previous trial finished, then the experiment would not continue for another 4,000ms.
-
-### Example
-
-```javascript
-var trial = {
-  type: 'html-keyboard-response',
-  stimulus: 'Press p to take a 30 second break. Otherwise, press c to continue immediately.',
-  choices: ['p','c'],
-  on_finish: function(data){
-    if(jsPsych.pluginAPI.compareKeys(data.response, "p")) { 
-      jsPsych.pauseExperiment();
-      setTimeout(jsPsych.resumeExperiment, 30000);
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-
----
-## jsPsych.setProgressBar
-
-```
-jsPsych.setProgressBar(value)
-```
-
-### Parameters
-
-| Parameter | Type    | Description                              |
-| --------- | ------- | ---------------------------------------- |
-| value     | numeric | Proprotion (between 0 and 1) to fill the progress bar. |
-
-
-### Return value
-
-None.
-
-### Description
-
-Set the progress bar to a custom amount. Proportion must be between 0 and 1. Values larger than 1 are treated as 1.
-
-### Example
-
-```javascript
-jsPsych.setProgressBar(0.85);
-```
-
----
-## jsPsych.startTime
-
-```
-jsPsych.startTime()
-```
-
-### Parameters
-
-None.
-
-### Return value
-
-Returns a `Date` object indicating when the experiment began.
-
-### Description
-
-Get the time that the experiment began.
-
-### Example
-
-```javascript
-var start_time = jsPsych.startTime();
-```
-
----
-## jsPsych.timelineVariable
-
-```
-jsPsych.timelineVariable(variable, call_immediate)
-```
-
-### Parameters
-
-
-Parameter | Type | Description
-----------|------|------------
-variable | string | Name of the timeline variable
-call_immediate | bool | This parameter is optional and can usually be omitted. It determines the return value of `jsPsych.timelineVariable`. If `true`, the function returns the _value_ of the current timeline variable. If `false`, the function returns _a function that returns the value_ of the current timeline variable. When `call_immediate` is omitted, the appropriate option is determined automatically based on the context in which this function is called. When `jsPsych.timelineVariable` is used as a parameter value, `call_immediate` will be `false`. This allows it to be used as a [dynamic trial parameter](/overview/dynamic-parameters). When `jsPsych.timelineVariable` is used inside of a function, `call_immediate` will be `true`. It is possible to explicitly set this option to `true` to force the function to immediately return the current value of the timeline variable. 
-
-
-### Return value
-
-Either a function that returns the value of the timeline variable, or the value of the timeline variable, depending on the context in which it is used. See `call_immediate` description above.
-
-### Description
-
-[Timeline variables](/overview/timeline/#timeline-variables) are a powerful technique for generating experiments with repetitive procedures but different parameter values. This function fetches the current value of a particular timeline variable. It must be used in conjunction with a timeline that has timeline variables. See the [timeline variable section](/overview/timeline/#timeline-variables) for details.
-
-### Examples
-
-#### Standard use as a parameter for a trial
-```javascript
-var trial = {
-  type: 'image-keyboard-response',
-  stimulus: jsPsych.timelineVariable('image')
-}
-
-var procedure = {
-  timeline: [trial],
-  timeline_variables: [
-    {image: 'face1.png'},
-    {image: 'face2.png'},
-    {image: 'face3.png'},
-    {image: 'face4.png'}
-  ]
-}
-```
-
-#### Invoking immediately in a function
-```javascript
-var trial = {
-  type: 'html-keyboard-response',
-  stimulus: function(){
-    return "<img style='width:100px; height:100px;' src='"+jsPsych.timelineVariable('image')+"'></img>";
-  }
-}
-
-var procedure = {
-  timeline: [trial],
-  timeline_variables: [
-    {image: 'face1.png'},
-    {image: 'face2.png'},
-    {image: 'face3.png'},
-    {image: 'face4.png'}
-  ]
-}
-```
-Prior to jsPsych v6.3.0, the `call_immediate` parameter must be set to `true` when `jsPsych.timelineVariable` is called from within a function, such as a [dynamic parameter](/overview/dynamic-parameters):
-```javascript
-var trial = {
-  type: 'html-keyboard-response',
-  stimulus: function(){
-    return "<img style='width:100px; height:100px;' src='"+jsPsych.timelineVariable('image', true)+"'></img>";
-  }
-}
-
-var procedure = {
-  timeline: [trial],
-  timeline_variables: [
-    {image: 'face1.png'},
-    {image: 'face2.png'},
-    {image: 'face3.png'},
-    {image: 'face4.png'}
-  ]
-}
-```
-
----
-## jsPsych.totalTime
-
-```
-jsPsych.totalTime()
-```
-
-### Parameters
-
-None.
-
-### Return value
-
-Returns a numeric value indicating the number of milliseconds since `jsPsych.init` was called.
-
-### Description
-
-Gets the total time the subject has been in the experiment.
-
-### Example
-
-```javascript
-
-var time = jsPsych.totalTime();
-console.log(time);
-
-```
-
----
-## jsPsych.version
-
-```
-jsPsych.version
-```
-
-### Parameters
-
-None.
-
-### Return value
-
-Returns the version number as a string.
-
-### Description
-
-Gets the version of jsPsych.
-
-### Example
-
-```javascript
-var version = jsPsych.version();
-console.log(version);
-```