ima-claude 2.9.0

package/plugins/ima-claude/skills/php-fp/examples/pure-functions.php

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+<?php
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace PhpFp\Examples;
+
+/**
+ * Pure function examples demonstrating PHP FP patterns
+ *
+ * Key principles:
+ * - Strict types enabled
+ * - Pure functions (no side effects, deterministic)
+ * - Native PHP array functions over loops
+ * - Explicit dependencies via parameters
+ * - Immutable data handling
+ */
+
+// ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Basic Pure Functions
+// ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * Calculate user discount based on tier and loyalty
+ * @pure - No side effects, deterministic
+ */
+function calculateDiscount(float $price, string $tier, int $daysAsMember): float
+{
+    $tierMultipliers = [
+        'bronze' => 0.05,
+        'silver' => 0.10,
+        'gold' => 0.15,
+        'platinum' => 0.20
+    ];
+
+    $baseDiscount = $tierMultipliers[$tier] ?? 0.0;
+    $loyaltyBonus = min($daysAsMember / 365 * 0.02, 0.05); // Max 5%
+    $totalDiscount = min($baseDiscount + $loyaltyBonus, 0.25); // Max 25%
+
+    return round($price * (1 - $totalDiscount), 2);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Validate email format
+ * @pure - Returns validation result without side effects
+ */
+function validateEmail(string $email): array
+{
+    $isValid = filter_var($email, FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL) !== false;
+
+    return [
+        'valid' => $isValid,
+        'error' => $isValid ? null : 'Invalid email format'
+    ];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Format user display name
+ * @pure - String transformation only
+ */
+function formatDisplayName(array $user): string
+{
+    $firstName = trim($user['first_name'] ?? '');
+    $lastName = trim($user['last_name'] ?? '');
+
+    if ($firstName && $lastName) {
+        return "{$firstName} {$lastName}";
+    }
+
+    return $firstName ?: $lastName ?: 'Anonymous';
+}
+
+// ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Configuration Pre-Compilation (Performance Pattern)
+// ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * Pre-compile validation rules to avoid O(n²) complexity
+ *
+ * ❌ BAD: Configuration inside loop
+ * foreach ($users as $user) {
+ *     $rules = ['email' => 'required', 'age' => 'numeric'];  // Created N times!
+ *     validate($user, $rules);
+ * }
+ *
+ * ✅ GOOD: Pre-compile configuration
+ * $validator = createValidator(['email' => 'required', 'age' => 'numeric']);
+ * foreach ($users as $user) {
+ *     $validator($user);  // Uses pre-compiled rules
+ * }
+ */
+function createValidator(array $rules): callable
+{
+    // Pre-compile rules once (expensive operation)
+    $compiledRules = array_map(function($rule) {
+        return match($rule) {
+            'required' => fn($value) => !empty($value),
+            'numeric' => fn($value) => is_numeric($value),
+            'email' => fn($value) => filter_var($value, FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL) !== false,
+            default => fn($value) => true
+        };
+    }, $rules);
+
+    // Return validator function that uses pre-compiled rules
+    return function(array $data) use ($compiledRules): array {
+        $errors = [];
+
+        foreach ($compiledRules as $field => $validator) {
+            $value = $data[$field] ?? null;
+            if (!$validator($value)) {
+                $errors[$field] = "Validation failed for {$field}";
+            }
+        }
+
+        return [
+            'valid' => empty($errors),
+            'errors' => $errors
+        ];
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Pre-compile field transformer configuration
+ */
+function createFieldTransformer(array $fieldConfig): callable
+{
+    // Pre-compile transformation functions
+    $transformers = array_map(function($transform) {
+        return match($transform) {
+            'trim' => fn($v) => trim($v),
+            'lowercase' => fn($v) => strtolower($v),
+            'uppercase' => fn($v) => strtoupper($v),
+            'capitalize' => fn($v) => ucfirst($v),
+            default => fn($v) => $v
+        };
+    }, $fieldConfig);
+
+    return function(array $data) use ($transformers): array {
+        $transformed = $data;
+
+        foreach ($transformers as $field => $transform) {
+            if (isset($transformed[$field])) {
+                $transformed[$field] = $transform($transformed[$field]);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $transformed;
+    };
+}
+
+// ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Composition with Native PHP Functions
+// ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * Process users with native array functions
+ * Demonstrates composition without pipe/compose utilities
+ */
+function processActiveUsers(array $users, int $limit = 10): array
+{
+    return array_slice(
+        array_map(
+            fn($user) => [
+                ...$user,
+                'display_name' => formatDisplayName($user),
+                'account_age' => calculateAccountAge($user['created_at'])
+            ],
+            array_filter(
+                $users,
+                fn($user) => $user['active'] ?? false
+            )
+        ),
+        0,
+        $limit
+    );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Calculate account age in days
+ * @pure - Date calculation only
+ */
+function calculateAccountAge(string $createdAt): int
+{
+    $created = strtotime($createdAt);
+    $now = time();
+
+    return (int) (($now - $created) / (60 * 60 * 24));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Group items by field value
+ * @pure - Array transformation
+ */
+function groupBy(array $items, string $field): array
+{
+    return array_reduce(
+        $items,
+        function($groups, $item) use ($field) {
+            $key = $item[$field] ?? 'unknown';
+            $groups[$key][] = $item;
+            return $groups;
+        },
+        []
+    );
+}
+
+// ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Immutability Patterns (PHP-Specific)
+// ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * Update user without mutation
+ * PHP arrays are copy-on-write, but we make it explicit
+ */
+function updateUser(array $user, array $updates): array
+{
+    // Create new array instead of mutating
+    return array_merge($user, $updates, [
+        'updated_at' => date('Y-m-d H:i:s')
+    ]);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Add item to collection immutably
+ */
+function addItem(array $collection, array $item): array
+{
+    // array_merge creates new array
+    return array_merge($collection, [$item]);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Remove item from collection immutably
+ */
+function removeItem(array $collection, string $id): array
+{
+    // array_filter creates new array
+    return array_values(
+        array_filter(
+            $collection,
+            fn($item) => $item['id'] !== $id
+        )
+    );
+}
+
+// ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Result Type Pattern (Error Handling)
+// ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * Parse and validate user data
+ * @pure - Returns result, throws no exceptions
+ */
+function parseUserData(array $data): array
+{
+    // Validate required fields
+    $requiredFields = ['email', 'name'];
+    $missingFields = array_filter(
+        $requiredFields,
+        fn($field) => empty($data[$field])
+    );
+
+    if (!empty($missingFields)) {
+        return [
+            'success' => false,
+            'error' => 'Missing required fields: ' . implode(', ', $missingFields),
+            'data' => null
+        ];
+    }
+
+    // Validate email
+    $emailValidation = validateEmail($data['email']);
+    if (!$emailValidation['valid']) {
+        return [
+            'success' => false,
+            'error' => $emailValidation['error'],
+            'data' => null
+        ];
+    }
+
+    // Success - return parsed data
+    return [
+        'success' => true,
+        'error' => null,
+        'data' => [
+            'email' => strtolower(trim($data['email'])),
+            'name' => trim($data['name']),
+            'age' => isset($data['age']) ? (int) $data['age'] : null
+        ]
+    ];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Calculate shipping cost with error handling
+ * @pure - Returns result type
+ */
+function calculateShipping(float $weight, string $zone): array
+{
+    $validZones = ['domestic', 'international', 'express'];
+
+    if (!in_array($zone, $validZones)) {
+        return [
+            'success' => false,
+            'error' => "Invalid zone: {$zone}",
+            'data' => null
+        ];
+    }
+
+    if ($weight <= 0) {
+        return [
+            'success' => false,
+            'error' => 'Weight must be positive',
+            'data' => null
+        ];
+    }
+
+    $rates = [
+        'domestic' => 5.00,
+        'international' => 15.00,
+        'express' => 25.00
+    ];
+
+    $cost = $rates[$zone] + ($weight * 0.50);
+
+    return [
+        'success' => true,
+        'error' => null,
+        'data' => round($cost, 2)
+    ];
+}
+
+// ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// Dependency Injection Examples
+// ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/**
+ * Process order with injected dependencies
+ * @pure - All dependencies passed as parameters
+ */
+function processOrder(
+    array $order,
+    callable $calculateTax,
+    callable $calculateShipping,
+    callable $applyDiscount
+): array {
+    $subtotal = array_sum(array_column($order['items'], 'price'));
+    $tax = $calculateTax($subtotal, $order['tax_zone']);
+    $shipping = $calculateShipping($order['weight'], $order['shipping_zone']);
+    $discount = $applyDiscount($subtotal, $order['discount_code'] ?? null);
+
+    return [
+        'subtotal' => $subtotal,
+        'tax' => $tax,
+        'shipping' => $shipping,
+        'discount' => $discount,
+        'total' => $subtotal + $tax + $shipping - $discount
+    ];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Calculate tax based on zone
+ * @pure - Tax calculation only
+ */
+function calculateTax(float $amount, string $zone): float
+{
+    $rates = [
+        'CA' => 0.0725,
+        'NY' => 0.08875,
+        'TX' => 0.0625
+    ];
+
+    $rate = $rates[$zone] ?? 0.0;
+    return round($amount * $rate, 2);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Calculate shipping cost
+ * @pure - Shipping calculation only
+ */
+function calculateShippingCost(float $weight, string $zone): float
+{
+    $baseRates = [
+        'domestic' => 5.00,
+        'international' => 15.00
+    ];
+
+    $base = $baseRates[$zone] ?? 10.00;
+    return round($base + ($weight * 0.50), 2);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Apply discount code
+ * @pure - Discount calculation only
+ */
+function applyDiscountCode(float $amount, ?string $code): float
+{
+    $discounts = [
+        'SAVE10' => 0.10,
+        'SAVE20' => 0.20,
+        'SAVE30' => 0.30
+    ];
+
+    $rate = $discounts[$code ?? ''] ?? 0.0;
+    return round($amount * $rate, 2);
+}