happy-dom 15.11.6 → 16.0.0

package/src/xml-parser/XMLParser.ts

@@ -1,17 +1,10 @@
-import Document from '../nodes/document/Document.js';
 import * as PropertySymbol from '../PropertySymbol.js';
 import NamespaceURI from '../config/NamespaceURI.js';
-import HTMLScriptElement from '../nodes/html-script-element/HTMLScriptElement.js';
 import Element from '../nodes/element/Element.js';
-import HTMLLinkElement from '../nodes/html-link-element/HTMLLinkElement.js';
-import DocumentType from '../nodes/document-type/DocumentType.js';
 import Node from '../nodes/node/Node.js';
-import DocumentFragment from '../nodes/document-fragment/DocumentFragment.js';
-import HTMLElementConfig from '../config/HTMLElementConfig.js';
-import * as Entities from 'entities';
-import HTMLElementConfigContentModelEnum from '../config/HTMLElementConfigContentModelEnum.js';
-import SVGElementConfig from '../config/SVGElementConfig.js';
-import StringUtility from '../StringUtility.js';
+import BrowserWindow from '../window/BrowserWindow.js';
+import XMLDocument from '../nodes/xml-document/XMLDocument.js';
+import XMLEncodeUtility from '../utilities/XMLEncodeUtility.js';
 
 /**
  * Markup RegExp.
@@ -25,30 +18,31 @@ import StringUtility from '../StringUtility.js';
  * Group 7: End of self closing start tag (e.g. "/>" in "<img/>").
  * Group 8: End of start tag (e.g. ">" in "<div>").
  */
-const MARKUP_REGEXP =
-	/<([^\s/!>?]+)|<\/([^\s/!>?]+)\s*>|<!--([^-]+)-->|<!--([^>]+)>|<!([^>]*)>|<\?([^>]+)>|(\/>)|(>)/gm;
+const MARKUP_REGEXP = /<([^\s/!>?]+)|<\/([^\s/!>?]+)\s*>|(<!--)|(-->)|(<!)|(<\?)|(\/>)|(>)/gm;
 
 /**
  * Attribute RegExp.
  *
  * Group 1: Attribute name when the attribute has a value using double apostrophe (e.g. "name" in "<div name="value">").
  * Group 2: Attribute value when the attribute has a value using double apostrophe (e.g. "value" in "<div name="value">").
- * Group 3: Attribute name when the attribute has a value using double apostrophe (e.g. "name" in "<div name="value">").
- * Group 4: Attribute value when the attribute has a value using double apostrophe (e.g. "value" in "<div name="value">").
- * Group 5: Attribute end apostrophe when the attribute has a value using double apostrophe (e.g. '"' in "<div name="value">").
- * Group 6: Attribute name when the attribute has a value using single apostrophe (e.g. "name" in "<div name='value'>").
- * Group 7: Attribute value when the attribute has a value using single apostrophe (e.g. "value" in "<div name='value'>").
- * Group 8: Attribute end apostrophe when the attribute has a value using single apostrophe (e.g. "'" in "<div name='value'>").
- * Group 9: Attribute name when the attribute has no value (e.g. "disabled" in "<div disabled>").
+ * Group 3: Attribute end apostrophe when the attribute has a value using double apostrophe (e.g. '"' in "<div name="value">").
+ * Group 4: Attribute name when the attribute has a value using single apostrophe (e.g. "name" in "<div name='value'>").
+ * Group 5: Attribute value when the attribute has a value using single apostrophe (e.g. "value" in "<div name='value'>").
+ * Group 6: Attribute end apostrophe when the attribute has a value using single apostrophe (e.g. "'" in "<div name='value'>").
+ * Group 7: Attribute name when the attribute has no value (e.g. "disabled" in "<div disabled>").
  */
 const ATTRIBUTE_REGEXP =
-	/\s*([a-zA-Z0-9-_:.$@?\\]+) *= *([a-zA-Z0-9-_:.$@?{}/]+)|\s*([a-zA-Z0-9-_:.$@?\\]+) *= *"([^"]*)("{0,1})|\s*([a-zA-Z0-9-_:.$@?\\]+) *= *'([^']*)('{0,1})|\s*([a-zA-Z0-9-_:.$@?\\]+)/gm;
+	/\s*([a-zA-Z0-9-_:]+)\s*=\s*"([^"]*)("{0,1})|\s*([a-zA-Z0-9-_:]+)\s*=\s*'([^']*)('{0,1})/gm;
 
-enum MarkupReadStateEnum {
-	startOrEndTag = 'startOrEndTag',
-	insideStartTag = 'insideStartTag',
-	plainTextContent = 'plainTextContent'
-}
+/**
+ * Attribute without value RegExp.
+ */
+const ATTRIBUTE_WITHOUT_VALUE_REGEXP = /^\s*([a-zA-Z0-9-_:]+)$/;
+
+/**
+ * XML processing instruction version RegExp.
+ */
+const XML_PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_VERSION_REGEXP = /version="[^"]+"/;
 
 /**
  * Document type attribute RegExp.
@@ -57,333 +51,653 @@ enum MarkupReadStateEnum {
  */
 const DOCUMENT_TYPE_ATTRIBUTE_REGEXP = /"([^"]+)"/gm;
 
+/**
+ * Space RegExp.
+ */
+const SPACE_REGEXP = /\s+/;
+
+/**
+ * New line RegExp.
+ */
+const NEW_LINE_REGEXP = /\n/g;
+
+/**
+ * Markup read state (which state the parser is in).
+ */
+enum MarkupReadStateEnum {
+	any = 'any',
+	startTag = 'startTag',
+	comment = 'comment',
+	documentType = 'documentType',
+	processingInstruction = 'processingInstruction',
+	error = 'error'
+}
+
+/**
+ * Document type.
+ */
+interface IDocumentType {
+	name: string;
+	publicId: string;
+	systemId: string;
+}
+
+const NAMESPACE_URIS = Object.values(NamespaceURI);
+
 /**
  * XML parser.
- *
- * @see https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/indices.html
  */
 export default class XMLParser {
+	private window: BrowserWindow;
+	private rootNode: XMLDocument | null = null;
+	private nodeStack: Node[] = [];
+	private tagNameStack: string[] = [];
+	private defaultNamespaceStack: string[] | null = null;
+	private namespacePrefixStack: Array<Map<string, string>> | null = null;
+	private startTagIndex = 0;
+	private markupRegExp: RegExp | null = null;
+	private lastIndex = 0;
+	private errorIndex = 0;
+	private nextElement: Element | null = null;
+	private nextTagName: string | null = null;
+	private currentNode: Node | null = null;
+	private readState: MarkupReadStateEnum = MarkupReadStateEnum.any;
+	private errorMessage: string | null = null;
+
 	/**
-	 * Parses XML/HTML and returns a root element.
+	 * Constructor.
 	 *
-	 * @param document Document.
-	 * @param xml XML/HTML string.
+	 * @param window Window.
 	 * @param [options] Options.
-	 * @param [options.rootNode] Node to append elements to. Otherwise a new DocumentFragment is created.
-	 * @param [options.evaluateScripts = false] Set to "true" to enable script execution.
-	 * @returns Root node.
+	 * @param [options.mode] Mode. Defaults to "htmlFragment".
+	 * @param [options.evaluateScripts] Set to "true" to enable script execution
 	 */
-	public static parse(
-		document: Document,
-		xml: string,
-		options?: { rootNode?: Element | DocumentFragment | Document; evaluateScripts?: boolean }
-	): Element | DocumentFragment | Document {
-		const root = options && options.rootNode ? options.rootNode : document.createDocumentFragment();
-		const nodeStack: Node[] = [root];
-		const localNameStack: string[] = [null];
-		const markupRegexp = new RegExp(MARKUP_REGEXP, 'gm');
-		const { evaluateScripts = false } = options || {};
-		let newNode: Node | null = null;
-		let currentNode: Node | null = root;
+	constructor(window: BrowserWindow) {
+		this.window = window;
+	}
+	/**
+	 * Parses XML and returns an XML document containing nodes found.
+	 *
+	 * @param xml XML string.
+	 * @returns XML document.
+	 */
+	public parse(xml: string): XMLDocument {
+		this.rootNode = new this.window.XMLDocument();
+		this.nodeStack = [this.rootNode];
+		this.tagNameStack = [null];
+		this.currentNode = this.rootNode;
+		this.readState = <MarkupReadStateEnum>MarkupReadStateEnum.any;
+		this.defaultNamespaceStack = [null];
+		this.namespacePrefixStack = [null];
+		this.startTagIndex = 0;
+		this.errorIndex = 0;
+		this.errorMessage = null;
+		this.markupRegExp = new RegExp(MARKUP_REGEXP, 'gm');
+		this.lastIndex = 0;
 		let match: RegExpExecArray;
-		let readState: MarkupReadStateEnum = MarkupReadStateEnum.startOrEndTag;
-		let startTagIndex = 0;
-		let lastIndex = 0;
-
-		if (xml !== null && xml !== undefined) {
-			xml = String(xml);
-
-			while ((match = markupRegexp.exec(xml))) {
-				switch (readState) {
-					case MarkupReadStateEnum.startOrEndTag:
-						if (
-							match.index !== lastIndex &&
-							(match[1] || match[2] || match[3] || match[4] || match[5] !== undefined || match[6])
-						) {
-							// Plain text between tags.
-							currentNode[PropertySymbol.appendChild](
-								document.createTextNode(Entities.decodeHTML(xml.substring(lastIndex, match.index))),
-								true
-							);
+
+		this.rootNode[PropertySymbol.defaultView] = this.window;
+
+		xml = String(xml);
+
+		while ((match = this.markupRegExp.exec(xml))) {
+			switch (this.readState) {
+				case MarkupReadStateEnum.any:
+					if (
+						match.index !== this.lastIndex &&
+						(match[1] || match[2] || match[3] || match[4] || match[5] !== undefined || match[6])
+					) {
+						// Plain text between tags.
+						this.parsePlainText(xml.substring(this.lastIndex, match.index));
+					}
+
+					if (match[1]) {
+						// Start tag.
+						this.parseStartTag(match[1]);
+					} else if (match[2]) {
+						// End tag.
+						if (!this.parseEndTag(match[2])) {
+							this.errorMessage = `Opening and ending tag mismatch: ${
+								this.tagNameStack[this.tagNameStack.length - 1]
+							} line ${xml.substring(0, this.startTagIndex).split('\n').length} and ${match[2]}\n`;
+							this.errorIndex = this.markupRegExp.lastIndex;
+							this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.error;
+							this.removeOverflowingTextNodes();
 						}
+					} else if (match[3]) {
+						// Comment.
+						this.startTagIndex = this.markupRegExp.lastIndex;
+						this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.comment;
+					} else if (match[5] !== undefined) {
+						// Document type
+						this.startTagIndex = this.markupRegExp.lastIndex;
+						this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.documentType;
+					} else if (match[6]) {
+						// Processing instruction.
+						this.startTagIndex = this.markupRegExp.lastIndex;
+						this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.processingInstruction;
+					} else {
+						// Plain text between tags, including the matched tag as it is not a valid start or end tag.
+						this.parsePlainText(xml.substring(this.lastIndex, this.markupRegExp.lastIndex));
+					}
+
+					break;
+				case MarkupReadStateEnum.startTag:
+					// End of start tag
+
+					// match[7] is matching "/>" (e.g. "<img/>").
+					// match[8] is matching ">" (e.g. "<div>").
+					if (match[7] || match[8]) {
+						const attributeString = xml.substring(
+							this.startTagIndex,
+							match[2] ? this.markupRegExp.lastIndex - 1 : match.index
+						);
+						const isSelfClosed = !!match[7];
+
+						this.parseEndOfStartTag(attributeString, isSelfClosed);
+					} else {
+						this.errorMessage =
+							match[2] && this.lastIndex !== this.startTagIndex
+								? `Unescaped '&lt;' not allowed in attributes values\n`
+								: 'error parsing attribute name\n';
+						this.errorIndex = match.index;
+						this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.error;
+						this.removeOverflowingTextNodes();
+					}
+					break;
+				case MarkupReadStateEnum.comment:
+					// Comment end tag.
+
+					if (match[4]) {
+						this.parseComment(xml.substring(this.startTagIndex, match.index));
+					}
+					break;
+				case MarkupReadStateEnum.documentType:
+					// Document type end tag.
+
+					if (match[7] || match[8]) {
+						this.parseDocumentType(xml.substring(this.startTagIndex, match.index));
+					}
+					break;
+				case MarkupReadStateEnum.processingInstruction:
+					// Processing instruction end tag.
+
+					if (match[7] || match[8]) {
+						this.parseProcessingInstruction(xml.substring(this.startTagIndex, match.index));
+					}
+					break;
+				case MarkupReadStateEnum.error:
+					this.parseError(xml.slice(0, this.errorIndex), this.errorMessage);
+					return this.rootNode;
+			}
 
-						if (match[1]) {
-							// Start tag.
-							const name = StringUtility.asciiLowerCase(match[1]);
-
-							// NamespaceURI is inherited from the parent element.
-							// NamespaceURI should be SVG for SVGSVGElement.
-							const namespaceURI =
-								name === 'svg'
-									? NamespaceURI.svg
-									: (<Element>currentNode)[PropertySymbol.namespaceURI] || NamespaceURI.html;
-
-							// SVG elements are resolved to their local name during parsing.
-							// This should probably be handled in an XML document.
-							const qualifiedName =
-								namespaceURI === NamespaceURI.svg && SVGElementConfig[name]
-									? SVGElementConfig[name].localName
-									: name;
-
-							// Create a new element.
-							newNode = document.createElementNS(namespaceURI, qualifiedName);
-
-							readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.insideStartTag;
-							startTagIndex = markupRegexp.lastIndex;
-						} else if (match[2]) {
-							// End tag.
-
-							// We close all tags up until the first tag that matches the end tag.
-							const localName = StringUtility.asciiLowerCase(match[2]);
-							const index = localNameStack.lastIndexOf(localName);
-							if (index !== -1) {
-								nodeStack.splice(index, nodeStack.length - index);
-								localNameStack.splice(index, localNameStack.length - index);
-								currentNode = nodeStack[nodeStack.length - 1] || root;
-							}
-						} else if (
-							match[3] ||
-							match[4] ||
-							(match[6] &&
-								(<Element>currentNode)[PropertySymbol.namespaceURI] === NamespaceURI.html)
-						) {
-							// Comment.
-
-							let comment: string;
-
-							if (match[3]) {
-								comment = match[3];
-							} else if (match[4]) {
-								comment = match[4].endsWith('--') ? match[4].slice(0, -2) : match[4];
-							} else {
-								comment = '?' + match[6];
-							}
+			this.lastIndex = this.markupRegExp.lastIndex;
+		}
 
-							currentNode[PropertySymbol.appendChild](
-								document.createComment(Entities.decodeHTML(comment)),
-								true
-							);
-						} else if (match[5] !== undefined) {
-							// Exclamation mark comment.
-							// Document type node or comment.
-							const exclamationComment = Entities.decodeHTML(match[5]);
-							currentNode[PropertySymbol.appendChild](
-								this.getDocumentTypeNode(document, exclamationComment) ||
-									document.createComment(exclamationComment),
-								true
-							);
-						} else if (match[6]) {
-							// Processing instruction (not supported by HTML).
-							// TODO: Add support for processing instructions.
-						} else {
-							// Plain text between tags, including the match as it is not a valid start or end tag.
-
-							currentNode[PropertySymbol.appendChild](
-								document.createTextNode(
-									Entities.decodeHTML(xml.substring(lastIndex, markupRegexp.lastIndex))
-								),
-								true
-							);
-						}
+		if (this.readState === MarkupReadStateEnum.error) {
+			this.parseError(xml.slice(0, this.errorIndex), this.errorMessage);
+			return this.rootNode;
+		}
 
-						break;
-					case MarkupReadStateEnum.insideStartTag:
-						// End of start tag
-						if (match[7] || match[8]) {
-							// Attribute name and value.
-
-							const attributeString = xml.substring(startTagIndex, match.index);
-							let hasAttributeStringEnded = true;
-
-							if (!!attributeString) {
-								const attributeRegexp = new RegExp(ATTRIBUTE_REGEXP, 'gm');
-								let attributeMatch: RegExpExecArray;
-
-								while ((attributeMatch = attributeRegexp.exec(attributeString))) {
-									if (
-										(attributeMatch[1] && attributeMatch[2]) ||
-										(attributeMatch[3] && attributeMatch[5] === '"') ||
-										(attributeMatch[6] && attributeMatch[8] === "'") ||
-										attributeMatch[9]
-									) {
-										// Valid attribute name and value.
-										const name =
-											attributeMatch[1] ||
-											attributeMatch[3] ||
-											attributeMatch[6] ||
-											attributeMatch[9] ||
-											'';
-										const rawValue =
-											attributeMatch[2] || attributeMatch[4] || attributeMatch[7] || '';
-										const value = rawValue ? Entities.decodeHTMLAttribute(rawValue) : '';
-
-										if ((<Element>newNode)[PropertySymbol.namespaceURI] === NamespaceURI.svg) {
-											// In XML and SVG namespaces, the attribute "xmlns" should be set to the "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/" namespace.
-											const attributeItem = document.createAttributeNS(
-												name === 'xmlns' ? NamespaceURI.xmlns : null,
-												name
-											);
-											attributeItem[PropertySymbol.value] = value;
-											(<Element>newNode)[PropertySymbol.attributes][PropertySymbol.setNamedItem](
-												attributeItem
-											);
-										} else {
-											const attributeItem = document.createAttribute(name);
-											attributeItem[PropertySymbol.value] = value;
-											(<Element>newNode)[PropertySymbol.attributes][PropertySymbol.setNamedItem](
-												attributeItem
-											);
-										}
-
-										startTagIndex += attributeMatch[0].length;
-									} else if (
-										!attributeMatch[1] &&
-										((attributeMatch[3] && !attributeMatch[5]) ||
-											(attributeMatch[6] && !attributeMatch[8]))
-									) {
-										// End attribute apostrophe is missing (e.g. "attr='value" or 'attr="value').
-										hasAttributeStringEnded = false;
-										break;
-									}
-								}
-							}
+		if (this.readState === MarkupReadStateEnum.comment) {
+			this.parseError(xml, 'Comment not terminated\n');
+			this.removeOverflowingTextNodes();
+			return this.rootNode;
+		}
 
-							// We need to check if the attribute string is read completely.
-							// The attribute string can potentially contain "/>" or ">".
-							if (hasAttributeStringEnded) {
-								const config = HTMLElementConfig[(<Element>newNode)[PropertySymbol.localName]];
-								const localName = StringUtility.asciiLowerCase(
-									(<Element>newNode)[PropertySymbol.localName]
-								);
+		// Missing start tag (e.g. when parsing just a string like "Test").
+		if (this.rootNode[PropertySymbol.elementArray].length === 0) {
+			this.parseError('', `Start tag expected, '&lt;' not found`);
+			return this.rootNode;
+		}
 
-								// Some elements are not allowed to be nested (e.g. "<a><a></a></a>" is not allowed.).
-								// Therefore we need to auto-close the tag, so that it become valid (e.g. "<a></a><a></a>").
-								if (
-									config?.contentModel ===
-										HTMLElementConfigContentModelEnum.noFirstLevelSelfDescendants &&
-									localNameStack[localNameStack.length - 1] === localName
-								) {
-									nodeStack.pop();
-									localNameStack.pop();
-									currentNode = nodeStack[nodeStack.length - 1] || root;
-								} else if (
-									config?.contentModel === HTMLElementConfigContentModelEnum.noSelfDescendants &&
-									localNameStack.includes(localName)
-								) {
-									while (currentNode !== root) {
-										if ((<Element>currentNode)[PropertySymbol.localName] === localName) {
-											nodeStack.pop();
-											localNameStack.pop();
-											currentNode = nodeStack[nodeStack.length - 1] || root;
-											break;
-										}
-										nodeStack.pop();
-										localNameStack.pop();
-										currentNode = nodeStack[nodeStack.length - 1] || root;
-									}
-								}
+		// Plain text after tags.
+		if (this.lastIndex !== xml.length && this.currentNode) {
+			this.parsePlainText(xml.substring(this.lastIndex));
+		}
 
-								// Appends the new node to its parent and sets is as current node.
-								currentNode[PropertySymbol.appendChild](newNode, true);
-								currentNode = newNode;
-								nodeStack.push(currentNode);
-								localNameStack.push(localName);
-								newNode = null;
-
-								// Checks if the tag is a self closing tag (ends with "/>") or void element.
-								// When it is a self closing tag or void element it should be closed immediately.
-								// Self closing tags are not allowed in the HTML namespace, but the parser should still allow it for void elements.
-								// Self closing tags is supported in the SVG namespace.
-								if (
-									config?.contentModel === HTMLElementConfigContentModelEnum.noDescendants ||
-									// SVG tag is self closing (<svg/>).
-									(match[7] &&
-										(<Element>currentNode)[PropertySymbol.namespaceURI] === NamespaceURI.svg)
-								) {
-									nodeStack.pop();
-									localNameStack.pop();
-									currentNode = nodeStack[nodeStack.length - 1] || root;
-									readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.startOrEndTag;
-								} else {
-									readState =
-										config?.contentModel === HTMLElementConfigContentModelEnum.rawText
-											? MarkupReadStateEnum.plainTextContent
-											: MarkupReadStateEnum.startOrEndTag;
-								}
+		// Missing end tag.
+		if (this.nodeStack.length !== 1) {
+			this.parseError(
+				xml,
+				this.nextElement
+					? 'attributes construct error\n'
+					: 'Premature end of data in tag article line 1\n'
+			);
+			return this.rootNode;
+		}
+
+		return this.rootNode;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Parses plain text.
+	 *
+	 * @param text Text.
+	 */
+	private parsePlainText(text: string): void {
+		if (this.currentNode === this.rootNode) {
+			const xmlText = text.replace(SPACE_REGEXP, '');
+			if (xmlText) {
+				this.errorMessage = 'Extra content at the end of the document\n';
+				this.errorIndex = this.lastIndex;
+				this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.error;
+			}
+		} else if (text.includes('&nbsp;')) {
+			this.errorMessage = `Entity 'nbsp' not defined\n`;
+			this.errorIndex = this.lastIndex + text.indexOf('&nbsp;') + 6;
+			this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.error;
+		} else {
+			this.currentNode[PropertySymbol.appendChild](
+				this.rootNode.createTextNode(XMLEncodeUtility.decodeXMLEntities(text)),
+				true
+			);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Parses processing instruction.
+	 *
+	 * @param text Text.
+	 */
+	private parseProcessingInstruction(text: string): void {
+		const parts = text.split(SPACE_REGEXP);
+		const endsWithQuestionMark = text[text.length - 1] === '?';
+
+		if (parts[0] === 'xml') {
+			if (
+				this.currentNode !== this.rootNode ||
+				this.rootNode[PropertySymbol.nodeArray].length !== 0 ||
+				parts.length === 1
+			) {
+				this.errorMessage = 'XML declaration allowed only at the start of the document\n';
+				this.errorIndex = this.markupRegExp.lastIndex - text.length + 2;
+				this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.error;
+				this.removeOverflowingTextNodes();
+			} else if (!XML_PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_VERSION_REGEXP.test(parts[1])) {
+				this.errorMessage = 'Malformed declaration expecting version\n';
+				this.errorIndex = this.markupRegExp.lastIndex - text.length + 3;
+				this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.error;
+			} else if (!endsWithQuestionMark) {
+				this.errorMessage = 'Blank needed here\n';
+				this.errorIndex = this.markupRegExp.lastIndex - 1;
+				this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.error;
+			} else {
+				// When the processing instruction has "xml" as target, we should not add it as a child node.
+				// Instead we will store the state on the root node, so that it is added when serializing the document with XMLSerializer.
+				// TODO: We need to handle validation of encoding.
+				const name = parts[0];
+				// We need to remove the ending "?".
+				const content = parts.slice(1).join(' ').slice(0, -1);
+				this.rootNode[PropertySymbol.xmlProcessingInstruction] =
+					this.rootNode.createProcessingInstruction(name, content);
+				this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.any;
+			}
+		} else {
+			if (parts.length === 1 && !endsWithQuestionMark) {
+				this.errorMessage = 'ParsePI: PI processing-instruction space expected\n';
+				this.errorIndex = this.markupRegExp.lastIndex - 1;
+				this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.error;
+			} else if (parts.length > 1 && !endsWithQuestionMark) {
+				this.errorMessage = 'ParsePI: PI processing-instruction never end ...\n';
+				this.errorIndex = this.markupRegExp.lastIndex - 1;
+				this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.error;
+			} else {
+				const name = parts[0];
+				// We need to remove the ending "?".
+				const content = parts.slice(1).join(' ').slice(0, -1);
+				this.currentNode[PropertySymbol.appendChild](
+					this.rootNode.createProcessingInstruction(name, content),
+					true
+				);
+				this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.any;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Parses comment.
+	 *
+	 * @param comment Comment.
+	 */
+	private parseComment(comment: string): void {
+		// Comments are not allowed in the root when parsing XML.
+		if (this.currentNode !== this.rootNode) {
+			this.currentNode[PropertySymbol.appendChild](
+				this.rootNode.createComment(XMLEncodeUtility.decodeXMLEntities(comment)),
+				true
+			);
+		}
+		this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.any;
+	}
 
-								startTagIndex = markupRegexp.lastIndex;
+	/**
+	 * Parses document type.
+	 *
+	 * @param text Text.
+	 */
+	private parseDocumentType(text: string): void {
+		if (
+			this.currentNode === this.rootNode &&
+			this.rootNode[PropertySymbol.nodeArray].length === 0
+		) {
+			const documentType = this.getDocumentType(XMLEncodeUtility.decodeXMLEntities(text));
+
+			if (documentType?.name) {
+				this.rootNode[PropertySymbol.appendChild](
+					this.window.document.implementation.createDocumentType(
+						documentType.name,
+						documentType.publicId,
+						documentType.systemId
+					),
+					true
+				);
+				this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.any;
+			} else if (documentType) {
+				this.errorMessage = 'xmlParseDocTypeDecl : no DOCTYPE name\n';
+				this.errorIndex = this.markupRegExp.lastIndex - text.length - 2;
+				this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.error;
+			} else {
+				this.errorMessage = 'StartTag: invalid element name\n';
+				this.errorIndex = this.markupRegExp.lastIndex - text.length - 2;
+				this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.error;
+			}
+		} else if (
+			this.currentNode === this.rootNode &&
+			this.rootNode[PropertySymbol.elementArray].length === 1
+		) {
+			this.errorMessage = 'Extra content at the end of the document\n';
+			this.errorIndex = this.markupRegExp.lastIndex - text.length - 2;
+			this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.error;
+		} else {
+			this.errorMessage = 'StartTag: invalid element name\n';
+			this.errorIndex = this.markupRegExp.lastIndex - text.length - 2;
+			this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.error;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Parses start tag.
+	 *
+	 * @param tagName Tag name.
+	 */
+	private parseStartTag(tagName: string): void {
+		const parts = tagName.split(':');
+
+		if (parts.length > 1) {
+			this.nextElement = this.rootNode.createElementNS(
+				this.namespacePrefixStack[this.namespacePrefixStack.length - 1]?.get(parts[0]) || null,
+				tagName
+			);
+		} else {
+			this.nextElement = this.rootNode.createElementNS(
+				this.defaultNamespaceStack[this.defaultNamespaceStack.length - 1] || null,
+				tagName
+			);
+		}
+
+		this.namespacePrefixStack.push(
+			new Map(this.namespacePrefixStack[this.namespacePrefixStack.length - 1])
+		);
+
+		this.nextTagName = tagName;
+
+		this.startTagIndex = this.markupRegExp.lastIndex;
+		this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.startTag;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Parses end of start tag.
+	 *
+	 * @param attributeString Attribute string.
+	 * @param isSelfClosed Is self closed.
+	 */
+	private parseEndOfStartTag(attributeString: string, isSelfClosed: boolean): void {
+		const namespacePrefix = this.namespacePrefixStack[this.namespacePrefixStack.length - 1];
+
+		if (attributeString) {
+			const attributeRegexp = new RegExp(ATTRIBUTE_REGEXP, 'gm');
+			let attributeMatch: RegExpExecArray;
+			let lastIndex = 0;
+
+			while ((attributeMatch = attributeRegexp.exec(attributeString))) {
+				const textBetweenAttributes = attributeString
+					.substring(lastIndex, attributeMatch.index)
+					.replace(SPACE_REGEXP, '');
+
+				// If there is text between attributes, the text did not match a valid attribute.
+				if (textBetweenAttributes.length) {
+					const match = textBetweenAttributes.match(ATTRIBUTE_WITHOUT_VALUE_REGEXP);
+					this.errorMessage = match
+						? `Specification mandates value for attribute ${match[1]}\n`
+						: 'attributes construct error\n';
+					this.errorIndex = this.startTagIndex;
+					this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.error;
+					this.removeOverflowingTextNodes();
+					return;
+				}
+
+				if (
+					(attributeMatch[1] && attributeMatch[3] === '"') ||
+					(attributeMatch[4] && attributeMatch[6] === "'")
+				) {
+					// Valid attribute name and value.
+					const name = attributeMatch[1] ?? attributeMatch[4];
+					const rawValue = attributeMatch[2] ?? attributeMatch[5];
+
+					// In XML, new line characters should be replaced with a space.
+					const value = rawValue
+						? XMLEncodeUtility.decodeAttributeValue(rawValue.replace(NEW_LINE_REGEXP, ' '))
+						: '';
+					const attributes = this.nextElement[PropertySymbol.attributes];
+					const nameParts = name.split(':');
+
+					if (
+						nameParts.length > 2 ||
+						(nameParts.length === 2 && (!nameParts[0] || !nameParts[1]))
+					) {
+						this.errorMessage = `Failed to parse QName '${name}'\n`;
+						this.errorIndex =
+							this.startTagIndex + attributeMatch.index + attributeMatch[0].split('=')[0].length;
+						this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.error;
+						return;
+					}
+
+					// In XML, attributes prefixed with "xmlns:" or named "xmlns" should be set to the "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/" namespace.
+					const namespaceURI = nameParts[0] === 'xmlns' ? NamespaceURI.xmlns : null;
+
+					if (!attributes.getNamedItemNS(namespaceURI, name)) {
+						const attributeItem = this.rootNode.createAttributeNS(namespaceURI, name);
+						attributeItem[PropertySymbol.value] = value;
+						attributes[PropertySymbol.setNamedItem](attributeItem);
+
+						// Attributes prefixed with "xmlns:" should be added to the namespace prefix map, so that the prefix can be added as namespaceURI to elements using the prefix.
+						if (attributeItem[PropertySymbol.prefix] === 'xmlns') {
+							namespacePrefix.set(attributeItem[PropertySymbol.localName], value);
+
+							// If the prefix matches the current element, we should set the namespace URI of the element to the value of the attribute.
+							// We don't need to upgrade the element, as there are no defined element types using a prefix.
+							if (
+								this.nextElement[PropertySymbol.prefix] === attributeItem[PropertySymbol.localName]
+							) {
+								this.nextElement[PropertySymbol.namespaceURI] = value;
 							}
 						}
-
-						break;
-					case MarkupReadStateEnum.plainTextContent:
-						const localName = currentNode[PropertySymbol.localName];
-
-						if (localName && match[2] && StringUtility.asciiLowerCase(match[2]) === localName) {
-							// End of plain text tag.
-
-							// Scripts are not allowed to be executed when they are parsed using innerHTML, outerHTML, replaceWith() etc.
-							// However, they are allowed to be executed when document.write() is used.
-							// See: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLScriptElement
-							if (localName === 'script') {
-								(<HTMLScriptElement>currentNode)[PropertySymbol.evaluateScript] = evaluateScripts;
-							} else if (localName === 'link') {
-								// An assumption that the same rule should be applied for the HTMLLinkElement is made here.
-								(<HTMLLinkElement>currentNode)[PropertySymbol.evaluateCSS] = evaluateScripts;
+						// If the attribute is "xmlns", we should upgrade the element to an element created using the namespace URI.
+						else if (name === 'xmlns' && !this.nextElement[PropertySymbol.prefix]) {
+							// We only need to create a new instance if it is a known namespace URI.
+							if (NAMESPACE_URIS.includes(value)) {
+								this.nextElement = this.rootNode.createElementNS(
+									value,
+									this.nextElement[PropertySymbol.tagName]
+								);
+								this.nextElement[PropertySymbol.attributes] = attributes;
+								attributes[PropertySymbol.ownerElement] = this.nextElement;
+								for (const attr of attributes[PropertySymbol.namespaceItems].values()) {
+									attr[PropertySymbol.ownerElement] = this.nextElement;
+								}
+							} else {
+								this.nextElement[PropertySymbol.namespaceURI] = value;
 							}
-
-							// Plain text elements such as <script> and <style> should only contain text.
-							currentNode[PropertySymbol.appendChild](
-								document.createTextNode(
-									Entities.decodeHTML(xml.substring(startTagIndex, match.index))
-								),
-								true
-							);
-
-							nodeStack.pop();
-							localNameStack.pop();
-							currentNode = nodeStack[nodeStack.length - 1] || root;
-							readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.startOrEndTag;
 						}
-
-						break;
+					} else {
+						this.errorMessage = `Attribute ${name} redefined\n`;
+						this.errorIndex = this.startTagIndex;
+						this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.error;
+					}
+
+					this.startTagIndex += attributeMatch[0].length;
+				} else if (
+					(attributeMatch[1] && attributeMatch[3] !== '"') ||
+					(attributeMatch[4] && attributeMatch[6] !== "'")
+				) {
+					// End attribute apostrophe is missing (e.g. "attr='value" or 'attr="value').
+					// We should continue to the next end of start tag match.
+					return;
 				}
 
-				lastIndex = markupRegexp.lastIndex;
+				lastIndex = attributeRegexp.lastIndex;
 			}
 
-			// We expected the "newNode" to be null if the start tag was closed correctly.
-			// We should append the last node to the current node to correct it.
-			if (newNode && currentNode) {
-				currentNode[PropertySymbol.appendChild](newNode, true);
+			const attributeStringEnd = attributeString.substring(lastIndex).replace(SPACE_REGEXP, '');
+
+			if (attributeStringEnd.length) {
+				const match = attributeStringEnd.match(ATTRIBUTE_WITHOUT_VALUE_REGEXP);
+				if (match) {
+					this.errorMessage = `Specification mandates value for attribute ${match[1]}\n`;
+					this.errorIndex = this.markupRegExp.lastIndex - 2;
+				} else {
+					this.errorMessage = 'attributes construct error\n';
+					this.errorIndex = this.startTagIndex;
+				}
+				this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.error;
+				this.removeOverflowingTextNodes();
+				return;
 			}
+		}
 
-			if (lastIndex !== xml.length) {
-				// Plain text after tags.
+		// Prefixed elements need to have a namespace URI defined by a prefixed "xmlns:" attribute either by a parent or in the current element.
+		if (this.nextElement[PropertySymbol.prefix] && !this.nextElement[PropertySymbol.namespaceURI]) {
+			this.errorMessage = `Namespace prefix ${
+				this.nextElement[PropertySymbol.prefix]
+			} on name is not defined\n`;
+			this.errorIndex = this.lastIndex;
+			this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.error;
+			return;
+		}
 
-				currentNode[PropertySymbol.appendChild](
-					document.createTextNode(Entities.decodeHTML(xml.substring(lastIndex))),
-					true
+		// Only one document element is allowed in the document.
+		if (
+			this.currentNode === this.rootNode &&
+			this.rootNode[PropertySymbol.elementArray].length !== 0
+		) {
+			this.errorMessage = 'Extra content at the end of the document\n';
+			this.errorIndex = this.lastIndex - this.nextElement[PropertySymbol.tagName].length - 1;
+			this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.error;
+			return;
+		}
+
+		this.currentNode[PropertySymbol.appendChild](this.nextElement, true);
+
+		// Sets the new element as the current node.
+		// XML nodes can be self closed using "/>"
+		if (!isSelfClosed) {
+			this.currentNode = this.nextElement;
+			this.nodeStack.push(this.currentNode);
+			this.tagNameStack.push(this.nextTagName);
+
+			if (
+				this.currentNode[PropertySymbol.namespaceURI] &&
+				!this.currentNode[PropertySymbol.prefix]
+			) {
+				this.defaultNamespaceStack.push(this.currentNode[PropertySymbol.namespaceURI]);
+			} else {
+				this.defaultNamespaceStack.push(
+					this.defaultNamespaceStack[this.defaultNamespaceStack.length - 1]
 				);
 			}
 		}
 
-		return root;
+		this.nextElement = null;
+		this.nextTagName = null;
+		this.readState = MarkupReadStateEnum.any;
+		this.startTagIndex = this.markupRegExp.lastIndex;
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Returns document type node.
+	 * Parses end tag.
+	 *
+	 * @param tagName Tag name.
+	 * @returns True if the end tag was parsed, false otherwise.
+	 */
+	private parseEndTag(tagName: string): boolean {
+		if (this.tagNameStack[this.tagNameStack.length - 1] === tagName) {
+			this.nodeStack.pop();
+			this.tagNameStack.pop();
+			this.namespacePrefixStack.pop();
+			this.defaultNamespaceStack.pop();
+			this.currentNode = this.nodeStack[this.nodeStack.length - 1] || this.rootNode;
+			return true;
+		}
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Parses XML document error.
+	 *
+	 * @param readXML XML that has been read.
+	 * @param errorMessage Error message.
+	 */
+	private parseError(readXML: string, errorMessage: string): void {
+		let errorRoot: Element = (<XMLDocument>this.rootNode).documentElement;
+
+		if (!errorRoot) {
+			const documentElement = this.rootNode.createElementNS(NamespaceURI.html, 'html');
+			const body = this.rootNode.createElementNS(NamespaceURI.html, 'body');
+			documentElement.appendChild(body);
+			errorRoot = body;
+			this.rootNode[PropertySymbol.appendChild](documentElement, true);
+		}
+
+		const rows = readXML.split('\n');
+		const column = rows[rows.length - 1].length + 1;
+		const error = `error on line ${rows.length} at column ${column}: ${errorMessage}`;
+		const errorElement = this.rootNode.createElementNS(NamespaceURI.html, 'parsererror');
+
+		errorElement.setAttribute(
+			'style',
+			'display: block; white-space: pre; border: 2px solid #c77; padding: 0 1em 0 1em; margin: 1em; background-color: #fdd; color: black'
+		);
+		errorElement.innerHTML = `<h3>This page contains the following errors:</h3><div style="font-family:monospace;font-size:12px">${error}</div><h3>Below is a rendering of the page up to the first error.</h3>`;
+
+		errorRoot.insertBefore(errorElement, errorRoot.firstChild);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Removes overflowing text nodes in the current node.
+	 *
+	 * This needs to be done for some errors.
+	 */
+	private removeOverflowingTextNodes(): void {
+		if (this.currentNode && this.currentNode !== this.rootNode) {
+			while (this.currentNode.lastChild?.[PropertySymbol.nodeType] === Node.TEXT_NODE) {
+				this.currentNode.removeChild(this.currentNode.lastChild);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns document type.
 	 *
-	 * @param document Document.
 	 * @param value Value.
-	 * @returns Document type node.
+	 * @returns Document type.
 	 */
-	private static getDocumentTypeNode(document: Document, value: string): DocumentType {
+	private getDocumentType(value: string): IDocumentType {
 		if (!value.toUpperCase().startsWith('DOCTYPE')) {
 			return null;
 		}
 
-		const docTypeSplit = value.split(' ');
+		const docTypeSplit = value.split(SPACE_REGEXP);
 
 		if (docTypeSplit.length <= 1) {
 			return null;
@@ -402,10 +716,10 @@ export default class XMLParser {
 		const publicId = isPublic ? attributes[0] || '' : '';
 		const systemId = isPublic ? attributes[1] || '' : attributes[0] || '';
 
-		return document.implementation.createDocumentType(
-			docTypeSplit[1].toLowerCase(),
+		return {
+			name: docTypeSplit[1].toLowerCase(),
 			publicId,
 			systemId
-		);
+		};
 	}
 }