gthinking 1.2.1 → 2.1.1

package/reasoning.ts

@@ -1,1079 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * Reasoning Module
- * Advanced logical reasoning with Chain of Thought, hypothesis testing, and multi-step problem solving
- */
-
-import {
-  ReasoningSession,
-  ReasoningStep,
-  ReasoningType,
-  Hypothesis,
-  HypothesisTest,
-  ChainOfThought,
-  ThoughtNode,
-  ProblemDecomposition,
-  SubProblem,
-  Dependency,
-  Evidence,
-  TaskStatus,
-  ThinkingEvent,
-  ThinkingError,
-  ThinkingStage
-} from './types';
-import { EventEmitter } from 'events';
-import { llmService } from './llm-service';
-
-// ============================================================================
-// LOGICAL RULES ENGINE
-// ============================================================================
-
-interface Rule {
-  id: string;
-  premises: string[];
-  conclusion: string;
-  confidence: number;
-  domain: string;
-}
-
-class LogicalRulesEngine {
-  private rules: Map<string, Rule> = new Map();
-
-  addRule(rule: Rule): void {
-    this.rules.set(rule.id, rule);
-  }
-
-  infer(facts: string[]): Array<{ conclusion: string; confidence: number; rule: Rule }> {
-    const inferences: Array<{ conclusion: string; confidence: number; rule: Rule }> = [];
-
-    this.rules.forEach(rule => {
-      const premisesMet = rule.premises.every(premise => 
-        facts.some(fact => this.match(fact, premise))
-      );
-
-      if (premisesMet) {
-        inferences.push({
-          conclusion: rule.conclusion,
-          confidence: rule.confidence,
-          rule
-        });
-      }
-    });
-
-    return inferences.sort((a, b) => b.confidence - a.confidence);
-  }
-
-  private match(fact: string, premise: string): boolean {
-    // Simple pattern matching - in real implementation use NLP
-    const factWords = fact.toLowerCase().split(/\s+/);
-    const premiseWords = premise.toLowerCase().split(/\s+/);
-    
-    const matchCount = premiseWords.filter(pw => 
-      factWords.some(fw => fw.includes(pw) || pw.includes(fw))
-    ).length;
-
-    return matchCount / premiseWords.length > 0.7;
-  }
-
-  getRulesByDomain(domain: string): Rule[] {
-    return Array.from(this.rules.values()).filter(r => r.domain === domain);
-  }
-}
-
-// ============================================================================
-// CHAIN OF THOUGHT GENERATOR
-// ============================================================================
-
-class ChainOfThoughtGenerator {
-  private thoughtId = 0;
-
-  generate(question: string, maxDepth: number = 5): ChainOfThought {
-    const thoughts: ThoughtNode[] = [];
-    const rootThought: ThoughtNode = {
-      id: this.nextThoughtId(),
-      content: question,
-      children: [],
-      depth: 0,
-      confidence: 1.0,
-      type: 'question'
-    };
-    thoughts.push(rootThought);
-
-    // Generate thought chain
-    this.expandThought(rootThought, thoughts, maxDepth, 0);
-
-    // Generate final answer based on thought chain
-    const finalAnswer = this.synthesizeAnswer(thoughts);
-
-    return {
-      id: `cot_${Date.now()}`,
-      initialQuestion: question,
-      thoughts,
-      finalAnswer,
-      completeness: this.calculateCompleteness(thoughts)
-    };
-  }
-
-  private expandThought(
-    parent: ThoughtNode,
-    thoughts: ThoughtNode[],
-    maxDepth: number,
-    currentDepth: number
-  ): void {
-    if (currentDepth >= maxDepth) return;
-
-    const expansions = this.generateExpansions(parent, currentDepth);
-    
-    expansions.forEach(expansion => {
-      const child: ThoughtNode = {
-        id: this.nextThoughtId(),
-        content: expansion.content,
-        parentId: parent.id,
-        children: [],
-        depth: currentDepth + 1,
-        confidence: expansion.confidence * parent.confidence,
-        type: expansion.type
-      };
-      
-      parent.children.push(child.id);
-      thoughts.push(child);
-
-      // Recursively expand if it's an observation or inference
-      if (expansion.type === 'observation' || expansion.type === 'inference') {
-        this.expandThought(child, thoughts, maxDepth, currentDepth + 1);
-      }
-    });
-  }
-
-  private generateExpansions(thought: ThoughtNode, depth: number): Array<{ content: string; type: ThoughtNode['type']; confidence: number }> {
-    const expansions: Array<{ content: string; type: ThoughtNode['type']; confidence: number }> = [];
-    const content = thought.content.toLowerCase();
-
-    // Generate contextual expansions based on thought type
-    if (thought.type === 'question') {
-      expansions.push(
-        { content: `Let me break down this question into parts.`, type: 'observation', confidence: 0.9 },
-        { content: `What are the key elements involved?`, type: 'observation', confidence: 0.85 },
-        { content: `What do I already know about this?`, type: 'observation', confidence: 0.8 }
-      );
-    } else if (thought.type === 'observation') {
-      expansions.push(
-        { content: `This suggests that...`, type: 'inference', confidence: 0.75 },
-        { content: `One implication is...`, type: 'inference', confidence: 0.7 },
-        { content: `However, we must also consider...`, type: 'observation', confidence: 0.65 }
-      );
-    } else if (thought.type === 'inference') {
-      if (depth < 3) {
-        expansions.push(
-          { content: `Building on this inference...`, type: 'inference', confidence: 0.7 },
-          { content: `This leads to the conclusion that...`, type: 'conclusion', confidence: 0.8 }
-        );
-      } else {
-        expansions.push(
-          { content: `Therefore, we can conclude...`, type: 'conclusion', confidence: 0.85 }
-        );
-      }
-    }
-
-    return expansions;
-  }
-
-  private synthesizeAnswer(thoughts: ThoughtNode[]): string {
-    const conclusions = thoughts.filter(t => t.type === 'conclusion');
-    const inferences = thoughts.filter(t => t.type === 'inference');
-
-    if (conclusions.length > 0) {
-      const topConclusion = conclusions.sort((a, b) => b.confidence - a.confidence)[0];
-      return topConclusion.content + ' Based on the analysis: ' + 
-             inferences.slice(0, 3).map(i => i.content).join('; ') + '.';
-    }
-
-    return 'Based on the analysis: ' + inferences.slice(0, 3).map(i => i.content).join('; ') + '.';
-  }
-
-  private calculateCompleteness(thoughts: ThoughtNode[]): number {
-    const hasQuestion = thoughts.some(t => t.type === 'question');
-    const hasObservations = thoughts.some(t => t.type === 'observation');
-    const hasInferences = thoughts.some(t => t.type === 'inference');
-    const hasConclusions = thoughts.some(t => t.type === 'conclusion');
-
-    const elements = [hasQuestion, hasObservations, hasInferences, hasConclusions];
-    return elements.filter(Boolean).length / elements.length;
-  }
-
-  private nextThoughtId(): string {
-    return `thought_${++this.thoughtId}`;
-  }
-}
-
-// ============================================================================
-// HYPOTHESIS MANAGER
-// ============================================================================
-
-class HypothesisManager {
-  private hypotheses: Map<string, Hypothesis> = new Map();
-
-  createHypothesis(statement: string): Hypothesis {
-    const hypothesis: Hypothesis = {
-      id: `hypothesis_${Date.now()}`,
-      statement,
-      supportingEvidence: [],
-      contradictingEvidence: [],
-      tests: [],
-      status: 'proposed',
-      confidence: 0.5
-    };
-
-    this.hypotheses.set(hypothesis.id, hypothesis);
-    return hypothesis;
-  }
-
-  addEvidence(hypothesisId: string, evidence: Evidence, supporting: boolean): void {
-    const hypothesis = this.hypotheses.get(hypothesisId);
-    if (!hypothesis) throw new Error(`Hypothesis ${hypothesisId} not found`);
-
-    if (supporting) {
-      hypothesis.supportingEvidence.push(evidence);
-    } else {
-      hypothesis.contradictingEvidence.push(evidence);
-    }
-
-    this.updateConfidence(hypothesis);
-  }
-
-  addTest(hypothesisId: string, test: HypothesisTest): void {
-    const hypothesis = this.hypotheses.get(hypothesisId);
-    if (!hypothesis) throw new Error(`Hypothesis ${hypothesisId} not found`);
-
-    hypothesis.tests.push(test);
-  }
-
-  runTest(hypothesisId: string, testId: string, outcome: string): void {
-    const hypothesis = this.hypotheses.get(hypothesisId);
-    if (!hypothesis) throw new Error(`Hypothesis ${hypothesisId} not found`);
-
-    const test = hypothesis.tests.find(t => t.id === testId);
-    if (!test) throw new Error(`Test ${testId} not found`);
-
-    test.actualOutcome = outcome;
-    test.passed = outcome === test.expectedOutcome;
-
-    this.updateStatus(hypothesis);
-  }
-
-  private updateConfidence(hypothesis: Hypothesis): void {
-    const supportWeight = hypothesis.supportingEvidence.reduce((sum, e) => sum + e.strength, 0);
-    const contradictWeight = hypothesis.contradictingEvidence.reduce((sum, e) => sum + e.strength, 0);
-    
-    const totalWeight = supportWeight + contradictWeight;
-    if (totalWeight === 0) {
-      hypothesis.confidence = 0.5;
-    } else {
-      hypothesis.confidence = supportWeight / totalWeight;
-    }
-  }
-
-  private updateStatus(hypothesis: Hypothesis): void {
-    const completedTests = hypothesis.tests.filter(t => t.passed !== undefined);
-    const passedTests = completedTests.filter(t => t.passed);
-
-    if (completedTests.length === 0) {
-      hypothesis.status = 'testing';
-    } else if (passedTests.length === completedTests.length && hypothesis.confidence > 0.8) {
-      hypothesis.status = 'confirmed';
-    } else if (passedTests.length === 0 && completedTests.length > 2) {
-      hypothesis.status = 'rejected';
-    } else {
-      hypothesis.status = 'testing';
-    }
-  }
-
-  getHypothesis(id: string): Hypothesis | undefined {
-    return this.hypotheses.get(id);
-  }
-
-  getAllHypotheses(): Hypothesis[] {
-    return Array.from(this.hypotheses.values());
-  }
-
-  getHypothesesByStatus(status: Hypothesis['status']): Hypothesis[] {
-    return this.getAllHypotheses().filter(h => h.status === status);
-  }
-}
-
-// ============================================================================
-// PROBLEM DECOMPOSITION ENGINE
-// ============================================================================
-
-class ProblemDecompositionEngine {
-  decompose(problem: string): ProblemDecomposition {
-    const subProblems: SubProblem[] = [];
-    const dependencies: Dependency[] = [];
-
-    // Analyze problem structure
-    const problemParts = this.identifyProblemParts(problem);
-    
-    // Create sub-problems
-    problemParts.forEach((part, index) => {
-      const subProblem: SubProblem = {
-        id: `sub_${index}`,
-        description: part.description,
-        difficulty: part.difficulty,
-        estimatedTime: part.estimatedTime,
-        prerequisites: [],
-        status: TaskStatus.PENDING
-      };
-      subProblems.push(subProblem);
-    });
-
-    // Identify dependencies
-    subProblems.forEach((sub, i) => {
-      subProblems.forEach((other, j) => {
-        if (i !== j && this.hasDependency(sub, other)) {
-          dependencies.push({
-            from: sub.id,
-            to: other.id,
-            type: 'requires'
-          });
-          sub.prerequisites.push(other.id);
-        }
-      });
-    });
-
-    // Determine solution strategy
-    const solutionStrategy = this.determineStrategy(subProblems, dependencies);
-
-    return {
-      id: `decomp_${Date.now()}`,
-      originalProblem: problem,
-      subProblems,
-      dependencies,
-      solutionStrategy
-    };
-  }
-
-  private identifyProblemParts(problem: string): Array<{ description: string; difficulty: number; estimatedTime: number }> {
-    const parts: Array<{ description: string; difficulty: number; estimatedTime: number }> = [];
-    
-    // Simple decomposition based on keywords
-    const keywords = {
-      research: { difficulty: 0.7, time: 120 },
-      analyze: { difficulty: 0.6, time: 90 },
-      design: { difficulty: 0.8, time: 180 },
-      implement: { difficulty: 0.75, time: 240 },
-      test: { difficulty: 0.5, time: 60 },
-      optimize: { difficulty: 0.85, time: 150 },
-      evaluate: { difficulty: 0.55, time: 45 },
-      plan: { difficulty: 0.4, time: 30 }
-    };
-
-    const problemLower = problem.toLowerCase();
-    
-    Object.entries(keywords).forEach(([keyword, config]) => {
-      if (problemLower.includes(keyword)) {
-        parts.push({
-          description: `${keyword.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + keyword.slice(1)} phase of the problem`,
-          difficulty: config.difficulty,
-          estimatedTime: config.time
-        });
-      }
-    });
-
-    // If no specific parts identified, create generic ones
-    if (parts.length === 0) {
-      parts.push(
-        { description: 'Understand the problem', difficulty: 0.4, estimatedTime: 30 },
-        { description: 'Research and gather information', difficulty: 0.6, estimatedTime: 60 },
-        { description: 'Develop solution approach', difficulty: 0.7, estimatedTime: 90 },
-        { description: 'Implement the solution', difficulty: 0.75, estimatedTime: 120 },
-        { description: 'Verify and validate', difficulty: 0.5, estimatedTime: 45 }
-      );
-    }
-
-    return parts;
-  }
-
-  private hasDependency(sub1: SubProblem, sub2: SubProblem): boolean {
-    // Check if sub1 requires sub2 based on description
-    const orderIndicators: Record<string, string[]> = {
-      'understand': [],
-      'research': ['understand'],
-      'design': ['research', 'understand'],
-      'implement': ['design', 'research'],
-      'test': ['implement'],
-      'optimize': ['test', 'implement'],
-      'evaluate': ['test', 'implement', 'optimize'],
-      'plan': ['understand', 'research']
-    };
-
-    const sub1Keywords = Object.keys(orderIndicators).filter(k => 
-      sub1.description.toLowerCase().includes(k)
-    );
-    const sub2Keywords = Object.keys(orderIndicators).filter(k => 
-      sub2.description.toLowerCase().includes(k)
-    );
-
-    return sub1Keywords.some(k1 => 
-      sub2Keywords.some(k2 => orderIndicators[k1]?.includes(k2))
-    );
-  }
-
-  private determineStrategy(subProblems: SubProblem[], dependencies: Dependency[]): string {
-    const criticalPath = this.findCriticalPath(subProblems, dependencies);
-    const totalTime = subProblems.reduce((sum, sp) => sum + sp.estimatedTime, 0);
-    const avgDifficulty = subProblems.reduce((sum, sp) => sum + sp.difficulty, 0) / subProblems.length;
-
-    if (avgDifficulty > 0.7) {
-      return `Divide-and-conquer approach recommended. Tackle critical path first: ${criticalPath.join(' → ')}. Estimated total time: ${totalTime} minutes.`;
-    } else if (dependencies.length > subProblems.length) {
-      return `Sequential approach with careful dependency management. Start with: ${criticalPath[0]}.`;
-    } else {
-      return `Parallel processing possible. Focus on: ${criticalPath.join(', ')}.`;
-    }
-  }
-
-  private findCriticalPath(subProblems: SubProblem[], dependencies: Dependency[]): string[] {
-    // Simplified critical path - in real implementation use topological sort
-    const visited = new Set<string>();
-    const path: string[] = [];
-
-    const visit = (subId: string) => {
-      if (visited.has(subId)) return;
-      visited.add(subId);
-
-      const prereqs = dependencies
-        .filter(d => d.to === subId && d.type === 'requires')
-        .map(d => d.from);
-
-      prereqs.forEach(visit);
-
-      const sub = subProblems.find(s => s.id === subId);
-      if (sub) path.push(sub.description);
-    };
-
-    subProblems.forEach(sp => visit(sp.id));
-
-    return path.length > 0 ? path : subProblems.map(s => s.description);
-  }
-}
-
-// ============================================================================
-// REASONING ENGINE
-// ============================================================================
-
-export class ReasoningEngine extends EventEmitter {
-  private rulesEngine: LogicalRulesEngine;
-  private cotGenerator: ChainOfThoughtGenerator;
-  private hypothesisManager: HypothesisManager;
-  private decompositionEngine: ProblemDecompositionEngine;
-  private sessions: Map<string, ReasoningSession> = new Map();
-
-  constructor() {
-    super();
-    this.rulesEngine = new LogicalRulesEngine();
-    this.cotGenerator = new ChainOfThoughtGenerator();
-    this.hypothesisManager = new HypothesisManager();
-    this.decompositionEngine = new ProblemDecompositionEngine();
-    this.initializeDefaultRules();
-  }
-
-  private initializeDefaultRules(): void {
-    // Add some default logical rules
-    this.rulesEngine.addRule({
-      id: 'rule_cause_effect',
-      premises: ['A causes B', 'A occurred'],
-      conclusion: 'B will occur',
-      confidence: 0.8,
-      domain: 'causality'
-    });
-
-    this.rulesEngine.addRule({
-      id: 'rule_generalization',
-      premises: ['All X are Y', 'Z is X'],
-      conclusion: 'Z is Y',
-      confidence: 0.95,
-      domain: 'logic'
-    });
-
-    this.rulesEngine.addRule({
-      id: 'rule_analogy',
-      premises: ['A is similar to B', 'A has property P'],
-      conclusion: 'B likely has property P',
-      confidence: 0.7,
-      domain: 'analogy'
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Perform reasoning on a problem
-   */
-  async reason(
-    problem: string,
-    options: {
-      type?: ReasoningType;
-      maxSteps?: number;
-      generateCOT?: boolean;
-    } = {}
-  ): Promise<ReasoningSession> {
-    const {
-      type = ReasoningType.DEDUCTIVE,
-      maxSteps = 5,
-      generateCOT = true
-    } = options;
-
-    const sessionId = this.generateId();
-    const startTime = Date.now();
-
-    const session: ReasoningSession = {
-      id: sessionId,
-      problem,
-      type,
-      steps: [],
-      confidence: 0,
-      startTime: new Date()
-    };
-
-    this.sessions.set(sessionId, session);
-
-    this.emit('reasoning_start', {
-      id: sessionId,
-      stage: ThinkingStage.REASONING,
-      timestamp: new Date(),
-      data: { problem, type }
-    } as ThinkingEvent);
-
-    try {
-      // Generate Chain of Thought if enabled (via LLM implicitly or explicitly)
-      let cot: ChainOfThought | undefined;
-      
-      // Try LLM-based reasoning first
-      await this.executeReasoningWithLLM(session, maxSteps);
-
-      // If LLM failed (empty steps), fallback to internal engines
-      if (session.steps.length === 0) {
-        if (generateCOT) {
-          cot = this.cotGenerator.generate(problem, maxSteps);
-        }
-
-        switch (type) {
-          case ReasoningType.DEDUCTIVE:
-            await this.executeDeductiveReasoning(session, maxSteps);
-            break;
-          case ReasoningType.INDUCTIVE:
-            await this.executeInductiveReasoning(session, maxSteps);
-            break;
-          case ReasoningType.ABDUCTIVE:
-            await this.executeAbductiveReasoning(session, maxSteps);
-            break;
-          case ReasoningType.ANALOGICAL:
-            await this.executeAnalogicalReasoning(session, maxSteps);
-            break;
-          case ReasoningType.CAUSAL:
-            await this.executeCausalReasoning(session, maxSteps);
-            break;
-          case ReasoningType.COUNTERFACTUAL:
-            await this.executeCounterfactualReasoning(session, maxSteps);
-            break;
-        }
-        
-        // Generate conclusion for fallback
-        session.conclusion = this.generateConclusion(session, cot);
-        session.confidence = this.calculateSessionConfidence(session);
-      }
-      
-      session.endTime = new Date();
-
-      this.emit('reasoning_complete', {
-        id: sessionId,
-        stage: ThinkingStage.REASONING,
-        timestamp: new Date(),
-        data: { 
-          session,
-          steps: session.steps.length,
-          confidence: session.confidence
-        }
-      } as ThinkingEvent);
-
-      return session;
-
-    } catch (error) {
-      this.emit('reasoning_error', {
-        id: sessionId,
-        stage: ThinkingStage.REASONING,
-        timestamp: new Date(),
-        data: { error }
-      } as ThinkingEvent);
-
-      throw new ThinkingError(
-        `Reasoning failed: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Unknown error'}`,
-        ThinkingStage.REASONING,
-        true,
-        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined
-      );
-    }
-  }
-
-  private async executeReasoningWithLLM(session: ReasoningSession, maxSteps: number): Promise<void> {
-    const prompt = `
-      You are an expert reasoning engine.
-      Problem: "${session.problem}"
-      Task: Perform ${session.type} reasoning with approximately ${maxSteps} steps.
-      
-      Return a JSON object with this exact structure (no markdown, just JSON):
-      {
-        "steps": [
-          {
-            "stepNumber": number,
-            "premise": "string (the basis for this step)",
-            "inference": "string (the logical deduction)",
-            "confidence": number (0.0 to 1.0)
-          }
-        ],
-        "conclusion": "string (final conclusion)",
-        "overallConfidence": number (0.0 to 1.0)
-      }
-    `;
-
-    try {
-      const response = await llmService.generateText({ prompt });
-      const jsonMatch = response.match(/\{[\s\S]*\}/);
-      
-      if (jsonMatch) {
-        const result = JSON.parse(jsonMatch[0]);
-        
-        if (Array.isArray(result.steps)) {
-          result.steps.forEach((s: any, i: number) => {
-            session.steps.push({
-              id: `step_${i}`,
-              stepNumber: s.stepNumber || i + 1,
-              premise: s.premise || '',
-              inference: s.inference || '',
-              evidence: [],
-              assumptions: [],
-              confidence: s.confidence || 0.8,
-              nextSteps: []
-            });
-          });
-        }
-        
-        session.conclusion = result.conclusion;
-        session.confidence = result.overallConfidence || 0.8;
-      }
-    } catch (error) {
-      console.warn('LLM reasoning failed, falling back to internal engine', error);
-      // Fallback handled in caller
-    }
-  }
-
-  private async executeDeductiveReasoning(session: ReasoningSession, maxSteps: number): Promise<void> {
-    const facts = this.extractFacts(session.problem);
-    
-    for (let i = 0; i < maxSteps; i++) {
-      const inferences = this.rulesEngine.infer(facts);
-      
-      if (inferences.length === 0) break;
-
-      const topInference = inferences[0];
-      
-      const step: ReasoningStep = {
-        id: `step_${i}`,
-        stepNumber: i + 1,
-        premise: facts.join(', '),
-        inference: topInference.conclusion,
-        evidence: [{
-          source: 'logical_rules',
-          excerpt: `Rule: ${topInference.rule.premises.join(' AND ')} => ${topInference.rule.conclusion}`,
-          location: 'rules_engine',
-          strength: topInference.confidence
-        }],
-        assumptions: topInference.rule.premises,
-        confidence: topInference.confidence,
-        nextSteps: inferences.slice(1).map(inf => inf.conclusion)
-      };
-
-      session.steps.push(step);
-      facts.push(topInference.conclusion);
-    }
-  }
-
-  private async executeInductiveReasoning(session: ReasoningSession, maxSteps: number): Promise<void> {
-    // Pattern-based reasoning from specific to general
-    const observations = this.extractObservations(session.problem);
-    
-    for (let i = 0; i < maxSteps && i < observations.length; i++) {
-      const pattern = this.identifyPattern(observations.slice(0, i + 1));
-      
-      const step: ReasoningStep = {
-        id: `step_${i}`,
-        stepNumber: i + 1,
-        premise: observations.slice(0, i + 1).join('; '),
-        inference: `Pattern identified: ${pattern.description}`,
-        evidence: observations.map(obs => ({
-          source: 'observation',
-          excerpt: obs,
-          location: 'problem_statement',
-          strength: 0.7
-        })),
-        assumptions: ['Observations are representative', 'Pattern will continue'],
-        confidence: pattern.confidence,
-        nextSteps: ['Test pattern with new data', 'Formulate general rule']
-      };
-
-      session.steps.push(step);
-    }
-  }
-
-  private async executeAbductiveReasoning(session: ReasoningSession, maxSteps: number): Promise<void> {
-    // Inference to the best explanation
-    const observations = this.extractObservations(session.problem);
-    const possibleExplanations = this.generateExplanations(observations);
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < maxSteps && i < possibleExplanations.length; i++) {
-      const explanation = possibleExplanations[i];
-      
-      const step: ReasoningStep = {
-        id: `step_${i}`,
-        stepNumber: i + 1,
-        premise: observations.join('; '),
-        inference: `Best explanation: ${explanation.description}`,
-        evidence: [{
-          source: 'abductive_inference',
-          excerpt: explanation.supportingEvidence,
-          location: 'generated_explanation',
-          strength: explanation.plausibility
-        }],
-        assumptions: explanation.assumptions,
-        confidence: explanation.plausibility,
-        nextSteps: possibleExplanations.slice(i + 1).map(e => `Alternative: ${e.description}`)
-      };
-
-      session.steps.push(step);
-    }
-  }
-
-  private async executeAnalogicalReasoning(session: ReasoningSession, maxSteps: number): Promise<void> {
-    // Reasoning by analogy
-    const sourceDomain = this.extractDomain(session.problem);
-    const analogies = this.findAnalogies(sourceDomain);
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < maxSteps && i < analogies.length; i++) {
-      const analogy = analogies[i];
-      
-      const step: ReasoningStep = {
-        id: `step_${i}`,
-        stepNumber: i + 1,
-        premise: `Source domain: ${sourceDomain}`,
-        inference: `Analogous to: ${analogy.targetDomain}. Therefore: ${analogy.inferredProperty}`,
-        evidence: [{
-          source: 'analogy',
-          excerpt: `Similarity: ${analogy.similarityDescription}`,
-          location: 'analogy_mapping',
-          strength: analogy.similarityScore
-        }],
-        assumptions: ['Analogous domains share relevant properties'],
-        confidence: analogy.similarityScore,
-        nextSteps: analogies.slice(i + 1).map(a => `Alternative analogy: ${a.targetDomain}`)
-      };
-
-      session.steps.push(step);
-    }
-  }
-
-  private async executeCausalReasoning(session: ReasoningSession, maxSteps: number): Promise<void> {
-    // Cause-effect reasoning
-    const causalChain = this.identifyCausalChain(session.problem);
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < maxSteps && i < causalChain.length; i++) {
-      const causalLink = causalChain[i];
-      
-      const step: ReasoningStep = {
-        id: `step_${i}`,
-        stepNumber: i + 1,
-        premise: `Cause: ${causalLink.cause}`,
-        inference: `Effect: ${causalLink.effect}`,
-        evidence: [{
-          source: 'causal_analysis',
-          excerpt: causalLink.mechanism,
-          location: 'causal_chain',
-          strength: causalLink.confidence
-        }],
-        assumptions: ['Causal relationship is consistent', 'No confounding factors'],
-        confidence: causalLink.confidence,
-        nextSteps: causalChain.slice(i + 1).map(c => `Next effect: ${c.effect}`)
-      };
-
-      session.steps.push(step);
-    }
-  }
-
-  private async executeCounterfactualReasoning(session: ReasoningSession, maxSteps: number): Promise<void> {
-    // What-if reasoning
-    const counterfactuals = this.generateCounterfactuals(session.problem);
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < maxSteps && i < counterfactuals.length; i++) {
-      const cf = counterfactuals[i];
-      
-      const step: ReasoningStep = {
-        id: `step_${i}`,
-        stepNumber: i + 1,
-        premise: `Actual: ${cf.actual}`,
-        inference: `If ${cf.condition}, then ${cf.outcome}`,
-        evidence: [{
-          source: 'counterfactual',
-          excerpt: cf.reasoning,
-          location: 'counterfactual_analysis',
-          strength: cf.plausibility
-        }],
-        assumptions: cf.assumptions,
-        confidence: cf.plausibility,
-        nextSteps: counterfactuals.slice(i + 1).map(c => `Alternative: If ${c.condition}`)
-      };
-
-      session.steps.push(step);
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Create and test a hypothesis
-   */
-  createHypothesis(statement: string): Hypothesis {
-    return this.hypothesisManager.createHypothesis(statement);
-  }
-
-  addEvidenceToHypothesis(
-    hypothesisId: string,
-    evidence: Evidence,
-    supporting: boolean
-  ): void {
-    this.hypothesisManager.addEvidence(hypothesisId, evidence, supporting);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Decompose a complex problem
-   */
-  decomposeProblem(problem: string): ProblemDecomposition {
-    return this.decompositionEngine.decompose(problem);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Generate Chain of Thought for a question
-   */
-  generateChainOfThought(question: string, maxDepth?: number): ChainOfThought {
-    return this.cotGenerator.generate(question, maxDepth);
-  }
-
-  // Helper methods
-  private generateId(): string {
-    return `reasoning_${Date.now()}_${Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9)}`;
-  }
-
-  private extractFacts(problem: string): string[] {
-    // Simplified fact extraction
-    return problem
-      .split(/[.!?]+/)
-      .map(s => s.trim())
-      .filter(s => s.length > 10);
-  }
-
-  private extractObservations(problem: string): string[] {
-    return this.extractFacts(problem);
-  }
-
-  private identifyPattern(observations: string[]): { description: string; confidence: number } {
-    // Simplified pattern identification
-    const commonWords = this.findCommonElements(observations);
-    return {
-      description: `Common elements: ${commonWords.join(', ')}`,
-      confidence: Math.min(0.9, observations.length * 0.2)
-    };
-  }
-
-  private findCommonElements(strings: string[]): string[] {
-    if (strings.length === 0) return [];
-    
-    const wordSets = strings.map(s => new Set(s.toLowerCase().split(/\s+/)));
-    const common = Array.from(wordSets[0]).filter(word => 
-      wordSets.every(set => set.has(word)) && word.length > 4
-    );
-    
-    return common.slice(0, 5);
-  }
-
-  private generateExplanations(observations: string[]): Array<{
-    description: string;
-    plausibility: number;
-    supportingEvidence: string;
-    assumptions: string[];
-  }> {
-    return [
-      {
-        description: `Explanation based on ${observations.length} observations`,
-        plausibility: 0.7,
-        supportingEvidence: observations.join('; '),
-        assumptions: ['Observations are accurate', 'No hidden factors']
-      }
-    ];
-  }
-
-  private extractDomain(problem: string): string {
-    const domains = ['business', 'technology', 'science', 'health', 'education', 'finance'];
-    const problemLower = problem.toLowerCase();
-    return domains.find(d => problemLower.includes(d)) || 'general';
-  }
-
-  private findAnalogies(sourceDomain: string): Array<{
-    targetDomain: string;
-    inferredProperty: string;
-    similarityDescription: string;
-    similarityScore: number;
-  }> {
-    const analogies: Record<string, Array<{ target: string; property: string; similarity: string }>> = {
-      business: [
-        { target: 'ecosystem', property: 'interconnected components', similarity: 'both have interdependent parts' },
-        { target: 'organism', property: 'growth and adaptation', similarity: 'both evolve over time' }
-      ],
-      technology: [
-        { target: 'biology', property: 'modular components', similarity: 'both use building blocks' },
-        { target: 'language', property: 'syntax and structure', similarity: 'both have rules and patterns' }
-      ]
-    };
-
-    return (analogies[sourceDomain] || []).map(a => ({
-      targetDomain: a.target,
-      inferredProperty: a.property,
-      similarityDescription: a.similarity,
-      similarityScore: 0.7
-    }));
-  }
-
-  private identifyCausalChain(problem: string): Array<{
-    cause: string;
-    effect: string;
-    mechanism: string;
-    confidence: number;
-  }> {
-    const causalIndicators = ['causes', 'leads to', 'results in', 'because', 'due to', 'therefore'];
-    const chain: Array<{ cause: string; effect: string; mechanism: string; confidence: number }> = [];
-
-    causalIndicators.forEach(indicator => {
-      const regex = new RegExp(`(.+?)\\s+${indicator}\\s+(.+?)[.!?]`, 'gi');
-      let match;
-      while ((match = regex.exec(problem)) !== null) {
-        chain.push({
-          cause: match[1].trim(),
-          effect: match[2].trim(),
-          mechanism: `${match[1].trim()} ${indicator} ${match[2].trim()}`,
-          confidence: 0.75
-        });
-      }
-    });
-
-    return chain.length > 0 ? chain : [{
-      cause: 'Initial condition',
-      effect: 'Observed outcome',
-      mechanism: 'Causal relationship inferred from context',
-      confidence: 0.5
-    }];
-  }
-
-  private generateCounterfactuals(problem: string): Array<{
-    actual: string;
-    condition: string;
-    outcome: string;
-    reasoning: string;
-    plausibility: number;
-    assumptions: string[];
-  }> {
-    return [
-      {
-        actual: problem,
-        condition: 'conditions were different',
-        outcome: 'outcome would change',
-        reasoning: 'Counterfactual analysis based on problem context',
-        plausibility: 0.6,
-        assumptions: ['Minimal change principle', 'Ceteris paribus']
-      }
-    ];
-  }
-
-  private generateConclusion(session: ReasoningSession, cot?: ChainOfThought): string {
-    const stepConclusions = session.steps.map(s => s.inference);
-    
-    if (cot?.finalAnswer) {
-      return `${cot.finalAnswer} Based on ${session.steps.length} reasoning steps.`;
-    }
-
-    return `After ${session.steps.length} steps of ${session.type} reasoning: ${stepConclusions.slice(-2).join('; ')}.`;
-  }
-
-  private calculateSessionConfidence(session: ReasoningSession): number {
-    if (session.steps.length === 0) return 0;
-    const avgConfidence = session.steps.reduce((sum, s) => sum + s.confidence, 0) / session.steps.length;
-    return Math.min(0.95, avgConfidence);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Get reasoning session
-   */
-  getSession(sessionId: string): ReasoningSession | undefined {
-    return this.sessions.get(sessionId);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Add custom logical rule
-   */
-  addRule(rule: Rule): void {
-    this.rulesEngine.addRule(rule);
-  }
-}
-
-// ============================================================================
-// EXPORT SINGLETON INSTANCE
-// ============================================================================
-
-export const reasoningEngine = new ReasoningEngine();
-
-// ============================================================================
-// EXAMPLE USAGE
-// ============================================================================
-
-/*
-// Deductive reasoning
-const deductiveResult = await reasoningEngine.reason(
-  "All software requires maintenance. This application is software. Therefore...",
-  { type: ReasoningType.DEDUCTIVE }
-);
-
-// Inductive reasoning
-const inductiveResult = await reasoningEngine.reason(
-  "Every software project I've seen with good documentation succeeded. " +
-  "Projects with poor documentation often failed. Therefore...",
-  { type: ReasoningType.INDUCTIVE }
-);
-
-// Hypothesis testing
-const hypothesis = reasoningEngine.createHypothesis(
-  "Using TypeScript reduces bug count by 30%"
-);
-
-reasoningEngine.addEvidenceToHypothesis(
-  hypothesis.id,
-  {
-    source: 'study',
-    excerpt: 'TypeScript projects had 15% fewer bugs',
-    location: 'research_paper',
-    strength: 0.8
-  },
-  true
-);
-
-// Problem decomposition
-const decomposition = reasoningEngine.decomposeProblem(
-  "Build a scalable e-commerce platform with AI recommendations"
-);
-
-// Chain of Thought
-const cot = reasoningEngine.generateChainOfThought(
-  "How can we improve software development productivity?",
-  5
-);
-*/