groundswell 0.0.1 → 0.0.3

package/plan/P1P2/research/LRU_CACHE_CODE_PATTERNS.md

@@ -1,857 +0,0 @@
-# LRU Cache Code Patterns for LLM Caching
-
-**Quick Reference Guide with Copy-Paste Ready Examples**
-
----
-
-## Table of Contents
-
-1. [Installation](#installation)
-2. [Quick Start Pattern](#quick-start-pattern)
-3. [Cache Key Generation Patterns](#cache-key-generation-patterns)
-4. [Configuration Patterns](#configuration-patterns)
-5. [Usage Patterns](#usage-patterns)
-6. [Testing Patterns](#testing-patterns)
-7. [Monitoring Patterns](#monitoring-patterns)
-
----
-
-## Installation
-
-```bash
-# Core dependencies
-npm install lru-cache safe-stable-stringify zod
-
-# Optional: For semantic caching
-npm install @xenova/transformers  # For embeddings
-
-# TypeScript support
-npm install --save-dev typescript @types/node
-```
-
-**Package.json:**
-
-```json
-{
-  "dependencies": {
-    "lru-cache": "^10.0.0",
-    "safe-stable-stringify": "^2.4.0",
-    "zod": "^3.22.0"
-  },
-  "devDependencies": {
-    "typescript": "^5.2.0",
-    "@types/node": "^20.0.0"
-  }
-}
-```
-
----
-
-## Quick Start Pattern
-
-### Minimal Working Example
-
-```typescript
-import { LRUCache } from 'lru-cache';
-import { createHash } from 'node:crypto';
-import safeStringify from 'safe-stable-stringify';
-
-// 1. Create cache
-const cache = new LRUCache<string, string>({
-  max: 100,
-  ttl: 3600000  // 1 hour
-});
-
-// 2. Generate deterministic key
-function cacheKey(input: any): string {
-  const normalized = safeStringify(input);
-  const hash = createHash('sha256');
-  hash.update(normalized);
-  return hash.digest('hex');
-}
-
-// 3. Use cache
-async function getCachedResponse(prompt: string): Promise<string> {
-  const key = cacheKey({ prompt });
-
-  return cache.fetch(
-    key,
-    async () => {
-      // This only runs on cache miss
-      const response = await expensiveOperation(prompt);
-      return response;
-    }
-  );
-}
-```
-
----
-
-## Cache Key Generation Patterns
-
-### Pattern 1: Simple String Hashing
-
-```typescript
-function simpleKeyHash(text: string): string {
-  return createHash('sha256').update(text).digest('hex');
-}
-
-// Usage
-const key = simpleKeyHash('user prompt text');
-```
-
-### Pattern 2: Object Hashing (Most Common)
-
-```typescript
-function objectKeyHash(obj: Record<string, any>): string {
-  const normalized = safeStringify(obj);
-  const hash = createHash('sha256');
-  hash.update(normalized);
-  return hash.digest('hex').substring(0, 16);  // 16 chars for readability
-}
-
-// Usage
-const key = objectKeyHash({
-  model: 'gpt-4',
-  temperature: 0.7,
-  prompt: 'What is AI?'
-});
-```
-
-### Pattern 3: Composite Keys with Prefix
-
-```typescript
-function compositeKey(
-  model: string,
-  version: string,
-  input: Record<string, any>
-): string {
-  const hash = objectKeyHash(input);
-  return `${model}:${version}:${hash}`;
-}
-
-// Usage
-const key = compositeKey('gpt-4', 'v1', { prompt: '...' });
-// Output: gpt-4:v1:a1b2c3d4e5f6g7h8
-```
-
-### Pattern 4: Semantic Cache Key (Embedding-based)
-
-```typescript
-async function semanticCacheKey(
-  prompt: string,
-  embeddingModel: any
-): Promise<string> {
-  // Get embedding vector
-  const embedding = await embeddingModel.embed(prompt);
-
-  // Round to 2 decimal places for compression
-  const compressed = embedding
-    .slice(0, 10)  // Take first 10 dimensions
-    .map((v: number) => Math.round(v * 100) / 100);
-
-  return safeStringify({
-    type: 'semantic',
-    embedding: compressed
-  });
-}
-```
-
-### Pattern 5: Versioned Keys (Auto-invalidate on schema change)
-
-```typescript
-class VersionedKeyGenerator {
-  private version: number = 1;
-
-  constructor(private modelName: string) {}
-
-  generate(input: any): string {
-    const normalized = safeStringify({
-      version: this.version,
-      model: this.modelName,
-      input
-    });
-
-    const hash = createHash('sha256');
-    hash.update(normalized);
-    return hash.digest('hex');
-  }
-
-  // Bump version to invalidate all old cache entries
-  invalidateAll(): void {
-    this.version++;
-  }
-}
-
-// Usage
-const keyGen = new VersionedKeyGenerator('gpt-4');
-const key1 = keyGen.generate({ prompt: 'hello' });
-
-keyGen.invalidateAll();  // All old keys now invalid
-
-const key2 = keyGen.generate({ prompt: 'hello' });
-// key1 !== key2 (different version)
-```
-
----
-
-## Configuration Patterns
-
-### Pattern 1: Development Cache (Small, Short-lived)
-
-```typescript
-const devCache = new LRUCache<string, any>({
-  max: 100,
-  ttl: 600000,  // 10 minutes
-  updateAgeOnGet: true
-});
-```
-
-### Pattern 2: Production Cache (Large, Long-lived)
-
-```typescript
-const prodCache = new LRUCache<string, any>({
-  max: 5000,
-  maxSize: 500 * 1024 * 1024,  // 500 MB
-  ttl: 24 * 3600 * 1000,        // 24 hours
-  sizeCalculation: (val) => {
-    const json = JSON.stringify(val);
-    return Buffer.byteLength(json, 'utf8') + 100;
-  },
-  updateAgeOnGet: true
-});
-```
-
-### Pattern 3: Memory-Constrained Cache
-
-```typescript
-const memoryConstrainedCache = new LRUCache<string, any>({
-  max: 500,  // Limit by item count instead of size
-  ttl: 3600000,  // 1 hour
-  updateAgeOnGet: false  // Don't refresh on every access
-});
-```
-
-### Pattern 4: High-Throughput Cache
-
-```typescript
-const highThroughputCache = new LRUCache<string, any>({
-  max: 10000,
-  ttl: 1800000,  // 30 minutes
-  updateAgeOnGet: true,  // Keep hot items fresh
-
-  // Optional: Track evictions
-  dispose: (value, key, reason) => {
-    if (reason === 'evict') {
-      console.log(`Evicted key: ${key.substring(0, 8)}...`);
-    }
-  }
-});
-```
-
-### Pattern 5: Persistent + In-Memory Hybrid
-
-```typescript
-import { promises as fs } from 'node:fs';
-
-class HybridCache {
-  private memory: LRUCache<string, any>;
-  private persistDir = './cache';
-
-  constructor() {
-    this.memory = new LRUCache<string, any>({
-      max: 1000,
-      maxSize: 100 * 1024 * 1024
-    });
-  }
-
-  async get(key: string): Promise<any | undefined> {
-    // L1: Memory
-    const memValue = this.memory.get(key);
-    if (memValue) return memValue;
-
-    // L2: Disk
-    try {
-      const filePath = `${this.persistDir}/${key}.json`;
-      const data = await fs.readFile(filePath, 'utf8');
-      const value = JSON.parse(data);
-
-      // Promote to memory
-      this.memory.set(key, value);
-      return value;
-    } catch {
-      return undefined;
-    }
-  }
-
-  async set(key: string, value: any): Promise<void> {
-    this.memory.set(key, value);
-
-    // Persist to disk
-    const filePath = `${this.persistDir}/${key}.json`;
-    await fs.mkdir(this.persistDir, { recursive: true });
-    await fs.writeFile(filePath, JSON.stringify(value));
-  }
-}
-```
-
----
-
-## Usage Patterns
-
-### Pattern 1: Basic Fetch (Recommended)
-
-```typescript
-async function fetchWithCache(
-  prompt: string,
-  cache: LRUCache<string, string>
-): Promise<string> {
-  const key = createHash('sha256').update(prompt).digest('hex');
-
-  return cache.fetch(
-    key,
-    async () => {
-      // Only executes on cache miss
-      const response = await callLLM(prompt);
-      return response;
-    },
-    {
-      ttl: 24 * 3600 * 1000  // Per-item override
-    }
-  );
-}
-
-async function callLLM(prompt: string): Promise<string> {
-  // Your LLM API call
-  return 'LLM response...';
-}
-```
-
-### Pattern 2: Conditional Fetch
-
-```typescript
-async function fetchWithExpiry(
-  key: string,
-  fetchFn: () => Promise<any>,
-  cache: LRUCache<string, any>,
-  forceRefresh = false
-): Promise<any> {
-  if (forceRefresh) {
-    // Force refresh even if cached
-    const value = await fetchFn();
-    cache.set(key, value);
-    return value;
-  }
-
-  return cache.fetch(key, fetchFn);
-}
-
-// Usage
-const result = await fetchWithExpiry(
-  key,
-  async () => expensiveOperation(),
-  cache,
-  false  // Set true to force refresh
-);
-```
-
-### Pattern 3: Batch Operations
-
-```typescript
-async function cacheBatchLookups(
-  prompts: string[],
-  cache: LRUCache<string, string>
-): Promise<Map<string, string>> {
-  const results = new Map<string, string>();
-
-  // Process in parallel with cache deduplication
-  await Promise.all(
-    prompts.map(async (prompt) => {
-      const key = createHash('sha256').update(prompt).digest('hex');
-
-      const response = await cache.fetch(
-        key,
-        async () => callLLM(prompt)
-      );
-
-      results.set(prompt, response);
-    })
-  );
-
-  return results;
-}
-```
-
-### Pattern 4: Stale-While-Revalidate Pattern
-
-```typescript
-async function staleWhileRevalidate(
-  key: string,
-  cache: LRUCache<string, any>,
-  fetchFn: () => Promise<any>
-): Promise<any> {
-  // Return stale value immediately if available
-  const cached = cache.get(key);
-  if (cached) {
-    // Refresh in background
-    fetchFn().then((fresh) => {
-      cache.set(key, fresh);
-    }).catch(console.error);
-
-    return cached;
-  }
-
-  // No cached value, wait for fetch
-  return fetchFn().then((value) => {
-    cache.set(key, value);
-    return value;
-  });
-}
-```
-
-### Pattern 5: Cache Warming
-
-```typescript
-async function warmCache(
-  cache: LRUCache<string, any>,
-  prompts: string[]
-): Promise<void> {
-  console.log(`Warming cache with ${prompts.length} entries...`);
-
-  for (const prompt of prompts) {
-    const key = createHash('sha256').update(prompt).digest('hex');
-
-    try {
-      await cache.fetch(
-        key,
-        async () => callLLM(prompt),
-        { ttl: 7 * 24 * 3600 * 1000 }  // 7 days
-      );
-    } catch (error) {
-      console.error(`Failed to warm cache for prompt: ${prompt}`, error);
-    }
-  }
-
-  console.log('Cache warming complete');
-}
-
-// Usage
-const commonPrompts = [
-  'What is AI?',
-  'Explain machine learning',
-  'Define neural networks'
-];
-
-await warmCache(cache, commonPrompts);
-```
-
----
-
-## Testing Patterns
-
-### Pattern 1: Cache Hit/Miss Testing
-
-```typescript
-import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest';
-
-describe('LLM Cache', () => {
-  let cache: LRUCache<string, string>;
-
-  beforeEach(() => {
-    cache = new LRUCache({ max: 100 });
-  });
-
-  it('should have cache hit on repeated prompt', async () => {
-    const prompt = 'What is AI?';
-    let callCount = 0;
-
-    const fetchFn = async () => {
-      callCount++;
-      return 'AI is...';
-    };
-
-    // First call - miss
-    const result1 = await cache.fetch(
-      createHash('sha256').update(prompt).digest('hex'),
-      fetchFn
-    );
-
-    // Second call - hit
-    const result2 = await cache.fetch(
-      createHash('sha256').update(prompt).digest('hex'),
-      fetchFn
-    );
-
-    expect(result1).toBe(result2);
-    expect(callCount).toBe(1);  // Only called once
-  });
-
-  it('should evict LRU items', () => {
-    const cache = new LRUCache({ max: 2 });
-
-    cache.set('key1', 'value1');
-    cache.set('key2', 'value2');
-    cache.set('key3', 'value3');
-
-    expect(cache.get('key1')).toBeUndefined();  // Evicted
-    expect(cache.get('key2')).toBe('value2');
-    expect(cache.get('key3')).toBe('value3');
-  });
-});
-```
-
-### Pattern 2: Key Generation Testing
-
-```typescript
-describe('Cache Key Generation', () => {
-  it('should produce same key for equivalent inputs', () => {
-    const obj1 = { a: 1, b: 2, c: 3 };
-    const obj2 = { c: 3, b: 2, a: 1 };
-
-    const key1 = objectKeyHash(obj1);
-    const key2 = objectKeyHash(obj2);
-
-    expect(key1).toBe(key2);
-  });
-
-  it('should handle circular references', () => {
-    const obj: any = { value: 42 };
-    obj.self = obj;
-
-    expect(() => {
-      objectKeyHash(obj);
-    }).not.toThrow();
-  });
-
-  it('should produce different keys for different inputs', () => {
-    const key1 = objectKeyHash({ prompt: 'hello' });
-    const key2 = objectKeyHash({ prompt: 'world' });
-
-    expect(key1).not.toBe(key2);
-  });
-});
-```
-
-### Pattern 3: Performance Testing
-
-```typescript
-import { performance } from 'node:perf_hooks';
-
-describe('Cache Performance', () => {
-  it('should handle 10k cache hits in < 100ms', () => {
-    const cache = new LRUCache<string, string>({ max: 1000 });
-    cache.set('key', 'value');
-
-    const start = performance.now();
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
-      cache.get('key');
-    }
-
-    const elapsed = performance.now() - start;
-    expect(elapsed).toBeLessThan(100);
-  });
-
-  it('should deterministically stringify in < 1ms', () => {
-    const obj = {
-      messages: Array(10).fill({ role: 'user', content: 'x'.repeat(100) }),
-      model: 'gpt-4',
-      temperature: 0.7
-    };
-
-    const start = performance.now();
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
-      safeStringify(obj);
-    }
-
-    const elapsed = performance.now() - start;
-    expect(elapsed).toBeLessThan(1000);  // 1000 iterations < 1 second
-  });
-});
-```
-
----
-
-## Monitoring Patterns
-
-### Pattern 1: Basic Metrics Collection
-
-```typescript
-class CacheMetrics {
-  hits = 0;
-  misses = 0;
-  latencies: number[] = [];
-
-  recordHit(latency: number): void {
-    this.hits++;
-    this.latencies.push(latency);
-    this.trimLatencies();
-  }
-
-  recordMiss(latency: number): void {
-    this.misses++;
-    this.latencies.push(latency);
-    this.trimLatencies();
-  }
-
-  private trimLatencies(): void {
-    if (this.latencies.length > 10000) {
-      this.latencies = this.latencies.slice(-5000);
-    }
-  }
-
-  getStats() {
-    const total = this.hits + this.misses;
-    const avgLatency = this.latencies.length > 0
-      ? this.latencies.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0) / this.latencies.length
-      : 0;
-
-    return {
-      hits: this.hits,
-      misses: this.misses,
-      hitRate: total > 0 ? ((this.hits / total) * 100).toFixed(2) + '%' : '0%',
-      avgLatency: avgLatency.toFixed(3) + ' ms',
-      p95Latency: this.percentile(95) + ' ms',
-      p99Latency: this.percentile(99) + ' ms'
-    };
-  }
-
-  private percentile(p: number): string {
-    const sorted = [...this.latencies].sort((a, b) => a - b);
-    const idx = Math.ceil((p / 100) * sorted.length) - 1;
-    return sorted[idx]?.toFixed(3) || '0';
-  }
-}
-```
-
-### Pattern 2: Periodic Logging
-
-```typescript
-function setupCacheMonitoring(
-  cache: LRUCache<string, any>,
-  metrics: CacheMetrics,
-  intervalMs = 60000
-): () => void {
-  const timer = setInterval(() => {
-    const stats = metrics.getStats();
-    console.log('[Cache Status]', {
-      timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
-      size: cache.size,
-      ...stats
-    });
-  }, intervalMs);
-
-  return () => clearInterval(timer);
-}
-
-// Usage
-const metrics = new CacheMetrics();
-const stopMonitoring = setupCacheMonitoring(cache, metrics, 30000);
-
-// Later
-stopMonitoring();
-```
-
-### Pattern 3: Alert on Low Hit Rate
-
-```typescript
-function monitorHitRate(
-  metrics: CacheMetrics,
-  minHitRate = 0.3,  // 30% minimum
-  checkIntervalMs = 60000
-): () => void {
-  const timer = setInterval(() => {
-    const stats = metrics.getStats();
-    const hitRate = parseFloat(stats.hitRate);
-
-    if (hitRate < minHitRate * 100) {
-      console.warn(
-        `⚠️  Low cache hit rate: ${stats.hitRate} (threshold: ${minHitRate * 100}%)`
-      );
-    }
-  }, checkIntervalMs);
-
-  return () => clearInterval(timer);
-}
-```
-
-### Pattern 4: Export Metrics to JSON
-
-```typescript
-async function exportMetrics(
-  metrics: CacheMetrics,
-  filePath: string
-): Promise<void> {
-  const stats = metrics.getStats();
-  const data = JSON.stringify(stats, null, 2);
-
-  await fs.promises.writeFile(filePath, data, 'utf8');
-  console.log(`Metrics exported to ${filePath}`);
-}
-
-// Usage
-await exportMetrics(metrics, './cache-metrics.json');
-```
-
----
-
-## Edge Cases and Solutions
-
-### Handling Large Prompts
-
-```typescript
-// For very large prompts, use streaming hash
-async function hashLargePrompt(prompt: string): Promise<string> {
-  const hash = createHash('sha256');
-  const chunkSize = 65536;  // 64 KB
-
-  for (let i = 0; i < prompt.length; i += chunkSize) {
-    hash.update(prompt.slice(i, i + chunkSize));
-  }
-
-  return hash.digest('hex');
-}
-```
-
-### Handling Special Characters
-
-```typescript
-// Ensure UTF-8 encoding for consistent hashing
-function hashWithEncoding(input: string): string {
-  const buffer = Buffer.from(input, 'utf8');
-  const hash = createHash('sha256');
-  hash.update(buffer);
-  return hash.digest('hex');
-}
-```
-
-### Handling Null/Undefined Values
-
-```typescript
-function safeKeyHash(value: any): string {
-  if (value === null || value === undefined) {
-    return createHash('sha256').update('null').digest('hex');
-  }
-
-  const str = safeStringify(value);
-  const hash = createHash('sha256');
-  hash.update(str);
-  return hash.digest('hex');
-}
-```
-
----
-
-## Complete Integration Example
-
-```typescript
-// cache.service.ts
-import { LRUCache } from 'lru-cache';
-import { createHash } from 'node:crypto';
-import safeStringify from 'safe-stable-stringify';
-
-export interface CacheConfig {
-  maxItems?: number;
-  maxSizeMB?: number;
-  ttlHours?: number;
-}
-
-export class LLMCacheService {
-  private cache: LRUCache<string, any>;
-  private metrics = {
-    hits: 0,
-    misses: 0,
-    latencies: [] as number[]
-  };
-
-  constructor(config: CacheConfig = {}) {
-    const {
-      maxItems = 5000,
-      maxSizeMB = 500,
-      ttlHours = 24
-    } = config;
-
-    this.cache = new LRUCache({
-      max: maxItems,
-      maxSize: maxSizeMB * 1024 * 1024,
-      sizeCalculation: (val) => {
-        const json = JSON.stringify(val);
-        return Buffer.byteLength(json, 'utf8') + 100;
-      },
-      ttl: ttlHours * 3600 * 1000,
-      updateAgeOnGet: true
-    });
-  }
-
-  async fetch<T>(
-    input: Record<string, any>,
-    fetcher: () => Promise<T>
-  ): Promise<T> {
-    const start = performance.now();
-    const key = this.generateKey(input);
-
-    const result = await this.cache.fetch(key, fetcher);
-
-    const latency = performance.now() - start;
-    const cached = this.cache.get(key) !== undefined;
-
-    if (cached) {
-      this.metrics.hits++;
-    } else {
-      this.metrics.misses++;
-    }
-    this.metrics.latencies.push(latency);
-
-    return result;
-  }
-
-  private generateKey(input: Record<string, any>): string {
-    const normalized = safeStringify(input);
-    const hash = createHash('sha256');
-    hash.update(normalized);
-    return hash.digest('hex');
-  }
-
-  getMetrics() {
-    const total = this.metrics.hits + this.metrics.misses;
-    return {
-      hits: this.metrics.hits,
-      misses: this.metrics.misses,
-      hitRate: total > 0 ? (this.metrics.hits / total * 100).toFixed(2) : '0',
-      size: this.cache.size
-    };
-  }
-
-  clear(): void {
-    this.cache.clear();
-  }
-}
-
-// Usage in your application
-const cacheService = new LLMCacheService({
-  maxItems: 5000,
-  maxSizeMB: 500,
-  ttlHours: 24
-});
-
-// Use in your LLM service
-const response = await cacheService.fetch(
-  {
-    model: 'gpt-4',
-    prompt: 'What is AI?',
-    temperature: 0.7
-  },
-  async () => {
-    return callOpenAIAPI(...);
-  }
-);
-
-// Monitor
-console.log(cacheService.getMetrics());
-```
-
----
-
-**Document Version:** 1.0
-**Last Updated:** 2025-12-08