gridviz 3.0.14 → 3.0.16

package/src/core/GeoCanvas.js

@@ -1,370 +1,409 @@
-//@ts-check
-'use strict'
-
-/** @typedef { {xMin: number, xMax: number, yMin: number, yMax: number} } Envelope */
-
-/**
- * A viewshed.
- * @typedef {{x: number, y: number, z: number}} View */
-
-import { select } from 'd3-selection'
-import { zoom as d3zoom, zoomIdentity } from 'd3-zoom'
-
-/**
- * A HTML canvas for geo data display, enhanced with zoom and pan capabilities.
- *
- * @module core
- * @author Joseph Davies, Julien Gaffuri
- */
-export class GeoCanvas {
-    /**
-     * @constructor
-     * @param {HTMLCanvasElement} canvas
-     * @param {number} x The x coordinate of the view
-     * @param {number} y The y coordinate of the view
-     * @param {number} z The zoom level of the view (pixel size, in ground m)
-     * @param {object} opts
-     */
-    constructor(canvas, x = 0, y = 0, z = 0, opts = undefined) {
-        this.opts = opts || {}
-
-        /** @type {HTMLCanvasElement} */
-        this.canvas = canvas
-
-        /** @type {number} */
-        this.w = this.canvas.offsetWidth
-        /** @type {number} */
-        this.h = this.canvas.offsetHeight
-
-        this.canvas.width = this.w
-        this.canvas.height = this.h
-
-        const ctx = this.canvas.getContext('2d')
-        if (!ctx) throw 'Impossible to create canvas 2D context'
-        /**@type {CanvasRenderingContext2D} */
-        this.ctx = ctx
-
-        /** 
-         * z: pixel size, in m/pix
-         * @type {View}  */
-        this.view = { x: x, y: y, z: z }
-
-        /** Background color.
-         * @type {string} */
-        this.backgroundColor = opts.backgroundColor || 'white'
-
-        /** @type {function(object|undefined):void} */
-        this.onZoomStartFun = opts.onZoomStartFun
-
-        /** @type {function(object|undefined):void} */
-        this.onZoomEndFun = opts.onZoomEndFun
-
-        /** @type {function(object|undefined):void} */
-        this.onZoomFun = opts.onZoomFun
-
-        //current extent
-        /** @type {Envelope} */
-        this.extGeo = { xMin: NaN, xMax: NaN, yMin: NaN, yMax: NaN }
-        this.updateExtentGeo()
-
-        //rely on d3 zoom for pan/zoom
-        if (!opts.disableZoom) {
-            let tP = zoomIdentity
-            const z = d3zoom()
-                //to make the zooming a bit faster
-                .wheelDelta((e) => -e.deltaY * (e.deltaMode === 1 ? 0.07 : e.deltaMode ? 1 : 0.004))
-                .on('zoom', (e) => {
-                    const t = e.transform
-                    const f = tP.k / t.k
-                    if (f == 1) {
-                        //pan
-                        const dx = tP.x - t.x
-                        const dy = tP.y - t.y
-                        this.pan(dx * this.view.z, -dy * this.view.z)
-                    } else {
-                        const se = e.sourceEvent
-                        if (se instanceof WheelEvent) {
-                            //zoom at the mouse position
-                            this.zoom(
-                                f,
-                                this.pixToGeoX(e.sourceEvent.offsetX),
-                                this.pixToGeoY(e.sourceEvent.offsetY)
-                            )
-                        } else if (se instanceof TouchEvent) {
-                            //compute average position of the touches
-                            let tx = 0,
-                                ty = 0
-                            for (let tt of se.targetTouches) {
-                                tx += tt.clientX
-                                ty += tt.clientY
-                            }
-                            tx /= se.targetTouches.length
-                            ty /= se.targetTouches.length
-                            //zoom at this average position
-                            this.zoom(f, this.pixToGeoX(tx), this.pixToGeoY(ty))
-                        }
-                    }
-                    tP = t
-
-                    if (this.onZoomFun) this.onZoomFun(e)
-                })
-                .on('start', (e) => {
-                    this.canvasSave.c = document.createElement('canvas')
-                    this.canvasSave.c.setAttribute('width', '' + this.w);
-                    this.canvasSave.c.setAttribute('height', '' + this.h);
-                    this.canvasSave.c.getContext('2d')?.drawImage(this.canvas, 0, 0);
-                    this.canvasSave.dx = 0;
-                    this.canvasSave.dy = 0;
-                    this.canvasSave.f = 1;
-
-                    if (this.onZoomStartFun) this.onZoomStartFun(e)
-                })
-                .on('end', (e) => {
-                    this.redraw()
-                    this.canvasSave = { c: null, dx: 0, dy: 0, f: 1 }
-
-                    if (this.onZoomEndFun) this.onZoomEndFun(e)
-                })
-            z(select(this.canvas))
-        }
-        //select(this.canvas).call(z);
-
-        //center extent
-        /** @type {number|undefined} */
-        this.xMin = opts.centerExtent? opts.centerExtent[0] : undefined
-        /** @type {number|undefined} */
-        this.yMin = opts.centerExtent? opts.centerExtent[1] : undefined
-        /** @type {number|undefined} */
-        this.xMax = opts.centerExtent? opts.centerExtent[2] : undefined
-        /** @type {number|undefined} */
-        this.yMax = opts.centerExtent? opts.centerExtent[3] : undefined
-
-        /** Zoom extent, to limit zoom in and out
-         *  @type {Array.<number>} */
-        this.zoomExtent = opts.zoomExtent || [0, Infinity]
-
-        /** Canvas state, to be used to avoid unnecessary redraws on zoom/pan
-         *  @type {{c:HTMLCanvasElement|null,dx:number,dy:number,f:number}} */
-        this.canvasSave = { c: null, dx: 0, dy: 0, f: 1 }
-    }
-
-    /** @returns {View} */
-    getView() { return this.view }
-
-
-    /** @param {Array.<number>} v */
-    setCenterExtent(v) {
-        this.xMin = v[0]
-        this.yMin = v[1]
-        this.xMax = v[2]
-        this.yMax = v[3]
-    }
-    /** @returns {Array.<number|undefined>} */
-    getCenterExtent() {
-        return [this.xMin, this.yMin, this.xMax, this.yMax]
-    }
-
-    /** @param {Array.<number>} v */
-    setZoomExtent(v) {
-        this.zoomExtent = v
-    }
-    /** @returns {Array.<number>} */
-    getZoomExtent() {
-        return this.zoomExtent
-    }
-
-    /** Initialise canvas transform with identity transformation. */
-    initCanvasTransform() {
-        this.ctx.setTransform(1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0)
-    }
-
-    /** Initialise canvas transform with geo to screen transformation, so that geo objects can be drawn directly in geo coordinates. */
-    setCanvasTransform() {
-        const k = 1 / this.view.z
-        const tx = -this.view.x / this.view.z + this.w * 0.5
-        const ty = this.view.y / this.view.z + this.h * 0.5
-        this.ctx.setTransform(k, 0, 0, -k, tx, ty)
-    }
-
-    /** Get the transformation matrix to webGL screen coordinates, within [-1,1]*[-1,1] */
-    getWebGLTransform() {
-        const kx = 2.0 / (this.w * this.view.z)
-        const ky = 2.0 / (this.h * this.view.z)
-        return [kx, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, ky, 0.0, -kx * this.view.x, -ky * this.view.y, 1.0]
-    }
-
-    /** The function specifying how to draw the map. */
-    redraw() {
-        throw new Error('Method redraw not implemented.')
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Clear. To be used before a redraw for example.
-     * @param {string} color
-     */
-    clear(color = 'white') {
-        if (this.opts.transparentBackground) {
-            this.ctx.clearRect(0, 0, this.w, this.h)
-        } else {
-            if (this.ctx) this.ctx.fillStyle = color
-            this.ctx.fillRect(0, 0, this.w, this.h)
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * @param {number} dxGeo
-     * @param {number} dyGeo
-     */
-    pan(dxGeo = 0, dyGeo = 0) {
-
-        //ensures x/y extent
-        if(this.xMin != undefined && this.view.x + dxGeo < this.xMin) dxGeo = this.xMin - this.view.x
-        if(this.yMin != undefined && this.view.y + dyGeo < this.yMin) dyGeo = this.yMin - this.view.y
-        if(this.xMax != undefined && this.view.x + dxGeo > this.xMax) dxGeo = this.xMax - this.view.x
-        if(this.yMax != undefined && this.view.y + dyGeo > this.yMax) dyGeo = this.yMax - this.view.y
-
-        //pan
-        this.view.x += dxGeo
-        this.view.y += dyGeo
-        this.updateExtentGeo()
-
-        if (this.canvasSave.c) {
-            this.canvasSave.dx -= dxGeo / this.view.z
-            this.canvasSave.dy += dyGeo / this.view.z
-            this.clear(this.backgroundColor)
-            // this doesnt work on mobile https://github.com/eurostat/gridviz/issues/98
-            this.ctx.drawImage(this.canvasSave.c, this.canvasSave.dx, this.canvasSave.dy)
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Zoom.
-     * @param {number} f The zoom factor, within ]0, Infinity]. 1 is for no change. <1 to zoom-in, >1 to zoom-out.
-     * @param {number} xGeo The x geo position fixed in the screen.
-     * @param {number} yGeo The y geo position fixed in the screen.
-     */
-    zoom(f = 1, xGeo = this.view.x, yGeo = this.view.y) {
-        //TODO force geo extend to remain
-
-        //trying to zoom in/out beyond limit
-        if (this.zoomExtent[0] == this.view.z && f <= 1) return
-        if (this.zoomExtent[1] == this.view.z && f >= 1) return
-
-        //ensure zoom extent preserved
-        const newZf = f * this.view.z
-        if (newZf < this.zoomExtent[0]) f = this.zoomExtent[0] / this.view.z
-        if (newZf > this.zoomExtent[1]) f = this.zoomExtent[1] / this.view.z
-
-        this.view.z *= f
-
-        //compute pan
-        let dxGeo = (xGeo - this.view.x) * (1 - f)
-        let dyGeo = (yGeo - this.view.y) * (1 - f)
-
-        //ensures x/y extent
-        if(this.xMin != undefined && this.view.x + dxGeo < this.xMin) dxGeo = this.xMin - this.view.x
-        if(this.yMin != undefined && this.view.y + dyGeo < this.yMin) dyGeo = this.yMin - this.view.y
-        if(this.xMax != undefined && this.view.x + dxGeo > this.xMax) dxGeo = this.xMax - this.view.x
-        if(this.yMax != undefined && this.view.y + dyGeo > this.yMax) dyGeo = this.yMax - this.view.y
-
-        //pan
-        this.view.x += dxGeo
-        this.view.y += dyGeo
-        this.updateExtentGeo()
-
-        if (this.canvasSave.c) {
-            this.clear(this.backgroundColor)
-            this.canvasSave.f /= f
-            this.canvasSave.dx = this.geoToPixX(xGeo) * (1 - this.canvasSave.f)
-            this.canvasSave.dy = this.geoToPixY(yGeo) * (1 - this.canvasSave.f)
-            this.clear(this.backgroundColor)
-            this.ctx.drawImage(
-                this.canvasSave.c,
-                this.canvasSave.dx,
-                this.canvasSave.dy,
-                this.canvasSave.f * this.canvasSave.c.width,
-                this.canvasSave.f * this.canvasSave.c.height
-            )
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * @param {number} marginPx
-     * @returns {Envelope} The envelope of the view, in geo coordinates.
-     */
-    updateExtentGeo(marginPx = 20) {
-        this.extGeo = {
-            xMin: this.pixToGeoX(-marginPx),
-            xMax: this.pixToGeoX(this.w + marginPx),
-            yMin: this.pixToGeoY(this.h + marginPx),
-            yMax: this.pixToGeoY(-marginPx),
-        }
-        return this.extGeo
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Check if the object has to be drawn
-     *
-     * @param {{x:number,y:number}} obj
-     */
-    toDraw(obj) {
-        if (obj.x < this.extGeo.xMin) return false
-        if (obj.x > this.extGeo.xMax) return false
-        if (obj.y < this.extGeo.yMin) return false
-        if (obj.y > this.extGeo.yMax) return false
-        return true
-    }
-
-    //conversion functions
-    /**
-     * @param {number} xGeo Geo x coordinate, in m.
-     * @returns {number} Screen x coordinate, in pix.
-     */
-    geoToPixX(xGeo) {
-        return (xGeo - this.view.x) / this.view.z + this.w * 0.5
-    }
-    /**
-     * @param {number} yGeo Geo y coordinate, in m.
-     * @returns {number} Screen y coordinate, in pix.
-     */
-    geoToPixY(yGeo) {
-        return -(yGeo - this.view.y) / this.view.z + this.h * 0.5
-    }
-    /**
-     * @param {number} x Screen x coordinate, in pix.
-     * @returns {number} Geo x coordinate, in m.
-     */
-    pixToGeoX(x) {
-        return (x - this.w * 0.5) * this.view.z + this.view.x
-    }
-    /**
-     * @param {number} y Screen y coordinate, in pix.
-     * @returns {number} Geo y coordinate, in m.
-     */
-    pixToGeoY(y) {
-        return -(y - this.h * 0.5) * this.view.z + this.view.y
-    }
-
-    /** Get x,y,z elements from URL and assign them to the view. */
-    setViewFromURL() {
-        const x = GeoCanvas.getParameterByName('x'),
-            y = GeoCanvas.getParameterByName('y'),
-            z = GeoCanvas.getParameterByName('z')
-        if (x != null && x != undefined && !isNaN(+x)) this.view.x = +x
-        if (y != null && y != undefined && !isNaN(+y)) this.view.y = +y
-        if (z != null && z != undefined && !isNaN(+z)) this.view.z = +z
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Get a URL parameter by name.
-     *
-     * @param {string} name
-     * @returns {string | null}
-     */
-    static getParameterByName(name) {
-        name = name.replace(/[\[]/, '\\[').replace(/[\]]/, '\\]')
-        var regex = new RegExp('[\\?&]' + name + '=([^&#]*)'),
-            results = regex.exec(location.search)
-        return !results ? null : decodeURIComponent(results[1].replace(/\+/g, ' '))
-    }
-}
+//@ts-check
+'use strict'
+
+/** @typedef { {xMin: number, xMax: number, yMin: number, yMax: number} } Envelope */
+
+/**
+ * A viewshed.
+ * @typedef {{x: number, y: number, z: number}} View */
+
+import { select } from 'd3-selection'
+import { zoom as d3zoom, zoomIdentity } from 'd3-zoom'
+
+/**
+ * A HTML canvas for geo data display, enhanced with zoom and pan capabilities.
+ *
+ * @module core
+ * @author Joseph Davies, Julien Gaffuri
+ */
+export class GeoCanvas {
+    /**
+     * @constructor
+     * @param {HTMLCanvasElement} canvas
+     * @param {number} x The x coordinate of the view
+     * @param {number} y The y coordinate of the view
+     * @param {number} z The zoom level of the view (pixel size, in ground m)
+     * @param {object} opts
+     */
+    constructor(canvas, x = 0, y = 0, z = 0, opts = undefined) {
+        this.opts = opts || {}
+
+        /** @type {HTMLCanvasElement} */
+        this.canvas = canvas
+
+        /** @type {number} */
+        this.w = this.canvas.offsetWidth
+        /** @type {number} */
+        this.h = this.canvas.offsetHeight
+
+        // Adjust canvas width and height based on device pixel ratio
+        //const dpr = window.devicePixelRatio || 1 // Get the device pixel ratio
+        //this.canvas.width = this.w * dpr // Set canvas width
+        //\sthis.canvas.height = this.h * dpr // Set canvas height
+
+        // Create offscreen canvas for drawing operations
+        this.offscreenCanvas = document.createElement('canvas')
+        this.offscreenCanvas.width = this.w
+        this.offscreenCanvas.height = this.h
+
+        const ctx = this.canvas.getContext('2d')
+        const offscreenCtx = this.offscreenCanvas.getContext('2d')
+        if (!ctx) throw 'Impossible to create canvas 2D context'
+        if (!offscreenCtx) throw 'Impossible to create canvas 2D context'
+        /**@type {CanvasRenderingContext2D} */
+        this.ctx = ctx
+        this.offscreenCtx = offscreenCtx
+        //this.ctx.scale(dpr, dpr) // Scale the context
+
+        /**
+         * z: pixel size, in m/pix
+         * @type {View}  */
+        this.view = { x: x, y: y, z: z }
+
+        /** Background color.
+         * @type {string} */
+        this.backgroundColor = opts.backgroundColor || 'white'
+
+        /** @type {function(object|undefined):void} */
+        this.onZoomStartFun = opts.onZoomStartFun
+
+        /** @type {function(object|undefined):void} */
+        this.onZoomEndFun = opts.onZoomEndFun
+
+        /** @type {function(object|undefined):void} */
+        this.onZoomFun = opts.onZoomFun
+
+        //current extent
+        /** @type {Envelope} */
+        this.extGeo = { xMin: NaN, xMax: NaN, yMin: NaN, yMax: NaN }
+        this.updateExtentGeo()
+
+        //rely on d3 zoom for pan/zoom
+        if (!opts.disableZoom) {
+            let tP = zoomIdentity
+            const z = d3zoom()
+                //to make the zooming a bit faster
+                .wheelDelta((e) => -e.deltaY * (e.deltaMode === 1 ? 0.07 : e.deltaMode ? 1 : 0.004))
+                .on('zoom', (e) => {
+                    const t = e.transform
+                    const f = tP.k / t.k
+                    if (f == 1) {
+                        //pan
+                        const dx = tP.x - t.x
+                        const dy = tP.y - t.y
+                        this.pan(dx * this.view.z, -dy * this.view.z)
+                    } else {
+                        const se = e.sourceEvent
+                        if (se instanceof WheelEvent) {
+                            //zoom at the mouse position
+                            this.zoom(
+                                f,
+                                this.pixToGeoX(e.sourceEvent.offsetX),
+                                this.pixToGeoY(e.sourceEvent.offsetY)
+                            )
+                        } else if (se instanceof TouchEvent) {
+                            if (!se.targetTouches.length) return
+                            //pinch zoom
+                            //compute average position of the touches
+                            let tx = 0,
+                                ty = 0
+                            for (let tt of se.targetTouches) {
+                                tx += tt.clientX
+                                ty += tt.clientY
+                            }
+                            tx /= se.targetTouches.length
+                            ty /= se.targetTouches.length
+                            //zoom at this average position
+                            this.zoom(f, this.pixToGeoX(tx), this.pixToGeoY(ty))
+                        }
+                    }
+                    tP = t
+
+                    if (this.onZoomFun) this.onZoomFun(e)
+                })
+                .on('start', (e) => {
+                    // start of zoom event
+                    // save the current canvas state to keep onscreen during pan/zoom before redrawing
+                    this.canvasSave.c = document.createElement('canvas')
+                    this.canvasSave.c.setAttribute('width', '' + this.w)
+                    this.canvasSave.c.setAttribute('height', '' + this.h)
+                    this.canvasSave.c.getContext('2d')?.drawImage(this.canvas, 0, 0)
+                    this.canvasSave.dx = 0
+                    this.canvasSave.dy = 0
+                    this.canvasSave.f = 1
+                    if (this.onZoomStartFun) this.onZoomStartFun(e)
+                })
+                .on('end', (e) => {
+                    // end of zoom event
+                    this.redraw()
+                    this.canvasSave = { c: null, dx: 0, dy: 0, f: 1 }
+
+                    if (this.onZoomEndFun) this.onZoomEndFun(e)
+                })
+            z(select(this.canvas))
+        }
+
+        //center extent
+        /** @type {number|undefined} */
+        this.xMin = opts.centerExtent ? opts.centerExtent[0] : undefined
+        /** @type {number|undefined} */
+        this.yMin = opts.centerExtent ? opts.centerExtent[1] : undefined
+        /** @type {number|undefined} */
+        this.xMax = opts.centerExtent ? opts.centerExtent[2] : undefined
+        /** @type {number|undefined} */
+        this.yMax = opts.centerExtent ? opts.centerExtent[3] : undefined
+
+        /** Zoom extent, to limit zoom in and out
+         *  @type {Array.<number>} */
+        this.zoomExtent = opts.zoomExtent || [0, Infinity]
+
+        /** Canvas state, to be used to avoid unnecessary redraws on zoom/pan
+         *  @type {{c:HTMLCanvasElement|null,dx:number,dy:number,f:number}} */
+        this.canvasSave = { c: null, dx: 0, dy: 0, f: 1 }
+    }
+
+    /** @returns {View} */
+    getView() {
+        return this.view
+    }
+
+    /** @param {Array.<number>} v */
+    setCenterExtent(v) {
+        this.xMin = v[0]
+        this.yMin = v[1]
+        this.xMax = v[2]
+        this.yMax = v[3]
+    }
+    /** @returns {Array.<number|undefined>} */
+    getCenterExtent() {
+        return [this.xMin, this.yMin, this.xMax, this.yMax]
+    }
+
+    /** @param {Array.<number>} v */
+    setZoomExtent(v) {
+        this.zoomExtent = v
+    }
+    /** @returns {Array.<number>} */
+    getZoomExtent() {
+        return this.zoomExtent
+    }
+
+    /** Initialise canvas transform with identity transformation. */
+    initCanvasTransform() {
+        this.ctx.setTransform(1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0)
+        this.offscreenCtx.setTransform(1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0)
+    }
+
+    /** Initialise canvas transform with geo to screen transformation, so that geo objects can be drawn directly in geo coordinates. */
+    setCanvasTransform() {
+        const k = 1 / this.view.z
+        const tx = -this.view.x / this.view.z + this.w * 0.5
+        const ty = this.view.y / this.view.z + this.h * 0.5
+        this.ctx.setTransform(k, 0, 0, -k, tx, ty)
+        this.offscreenCtx.setTransform(k, 0, 0, -k, tx, ty)
+    }
+
+    /** Get the transformation matrix to webGL screen coordinates, within [-1,1]*[-1,1] */
+    getWebGLTransform() {
+        const kx = 2.0 / (this.w * this.view.z)
+        const ky = 2.0 / (this.h * this.view.z)
+        return [kx, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, ky, 0.0, -kx * this.view.x, -ky * this.view.y, 1.0]
+    }
+
+    /** The function specifying how to draw the map. */
+    redraw() {
+        throw new Error('Method redraw not implemented.')
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Clear. To be used before a redraw for example.
+     * @param {string} color
+     */
+    clear(color = 'white') {
+        if (this.opts.transparentBackground) {
+            this.ctx.clearRect(0, 0, this.w, this.h)
+            this.offscreenCtx.clearRect(0, 0, this.w, this.h)
+        } else {
+            if (this.ctx) this.ctx.fillStyle = color
+            if (this.offscreenCtx) this.offscreenCtx.fillStyle = color
+            this.ctx.fillRect(0, 0, this.w, this.h)
+            this.offscreenCtx.fillRect(0, 0, this.w, this.h)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param {number} dxGeo
+     * @param {number} dyGeo
+     */
+    pan(dxGeo = 0, dyGeo = 0) {
+        //ensures x/y extent
+        if (this.xMin != undefined && this.view.x + dxGeo < this.xMin) dxGeo = this.xMin - this.view.x
+        if (this.yMin != undefined && this.view.y + dyGeo < this.yMin) dyGeo = this.yMin - this.view.y
+        if (this.xMax != undefined && this.view.x + dxGeo > this.xMax) dxGeo = this.xMax - this.view.x
+        if (this.yMax != undefined && this.view.y + dyGeo > this.yMax) dyGeo = this.yMax - this.view.y
+
+        //pan
+        this.view.x += dxGeo
+        this.view.y += dyGeo
+        this.updateExtentGeo()
+
+        if (this.canvasSave.c) {
+            const scale = 1 / this.view.z
+
+            // Update saved canvas offset
+            this.canvasSave.dx -= dxGeo * scale
+            this.canvasSave.dy += dyGeo * scale
+
+            // clear canvas
+            this.clear(this.backgroundColor)
+
+            // this doesnt work on mobile https://github.com/eurostat/gridviz/issues/98
+            //this.ctx.drawImage(this.canvasSave.c, this.canvasSave.dx, this.canvasSave.dy)
+            this.offscreenCtx.drawImage(this.canvasSave.c, this.canvasSave.dx, this.canvasSave.dy)
+
+            // Render the offscreen canvas to the visible context
+            // this.clear(this.backgroundColor)
+            this.ctx.drawImage(this.offscreenCtx.canvas, 0, 0)
+        } else {
+            console.log('no canvas save')
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Zoom.
+     * @param {number} f The zoom factor, within ]0, Infinity]. 1 is for no change. <1 to zoom-in, >1 to zoom-out.
+     * @param {number} xGeo The x geo position fixed in the screen.
+     * @param {number} yGeo The y geo position fixed in the screen.
+     */
+    zoom(f = 1, xGeo = this.view.x, yGeo = this.view.y) {
+        //TODO force geo extend to remain
+
+        //trying to zoom in/out beyond limit
+        if (this.zoomExtent[0] == this.view.z && f <= 1) return
+        if (this.zoomExtent[1] == this.view.z && f >= 1) return
+
+        //ensure zoom extent preserved
+        const newZf = f * this.view.z
+        if (newZf < this.zoomExtent[0]) f = this.zoomExtent[0] / this.view.z
+        if (newZf > this.zoomExtent[1]) f = this.zoomExtent[1] / this.view.z
+
+        this.view.z *= f
+
+        //compute pan
+        let dxGeo = (xGeo - this.view.x) * (1 - f)
+        let dyGeo = (yGeo - this.view.y) * (1 - f)
+
+        //ensures x/y extent
+        if (this.xMin != undefined && this.view.x + dxGeo < this.xMin) dxGeo = this.xMin - this.view.x
+        if (this.yMin != undefined && this.view.y + dyGeo < this.yMin) dyGeo = this.yMin - this.view.y
+        if (this.xMax != undefined && this.view.x + dxGeo > this.xMax) dxGeo = this.xMax - this.view.x
+        if (this.yMax != undefined && this.view.y + dyGeo > this.yMax) dyGeo = this.yMax - this.view.y
+
+        //pan
+        this.view.x += dxGeo
+        this.view.y += dyGeo
+        this.updateExtentGeo()
+
+        // zoom in on the current canvas state
+        if (this.canvasSave.c) {
+            this.clear(this.backgroundColor)
+            this.canvasSave.f /= f
+            this.canvasSave.dx = this.geoToPixX(xGeo) * (1 - this.canvasSave.f)
+            this.canvasSave.dy = this.geoToPixY(yGeo) * (1 - this.canvasSave.f)
+            this.offscreenCtx.drawImage(
+                this.canvasSave.c,
+                this.canvasSave.dx,
+                this.canvasSave.dy,
+                this.canvasSave.f * this.canvasSave.c.width,
+                this.canvasSave.f * this.canvasSave.c.height
+            )
+            this.ctx.drawImage(
+                this.offscreenCanvas, // Use offscreen canvas as the source
+                0,
+                0, // Position the offscreen canvas at the top-left corner of the main canvas
+                this.canvas.width, // The width of the visible canvas
+                this.canvas.height // The height of the visible canvas
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param {number} marginPx
+     * @returns {Envelope} The envelope of the view, in geo coordinates.
+     */
+    updateExtentGeo(marginPx = 20) {
+        this.extGeo = {
+            xMin: this.pixToGeoX(-marginPx),
+            xMax: this.pixToGeoX(this.w + marginPx),
+            yMin: this.pixToGeoY(this.h + marginPx),
+            yMax: this.pixToGeoY(-marginPx),
+        }
+        return this.extGeo
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if the object has to be drawn
+     *
+     * @param {{x:number,y:number}} obj
+     */
+    toDraw(obj) {
+        if (obj.x < this.extGeo.xMin) return false
+        if (obj.x > this.extGeo.xMax) return false
+        if (obj.y < this.extGeo.yMin) return false
+        if (obj.y > this.extGeo.yMax) return false
+        return true
+    }
+
+    //conversion functions
+    /**
+     * @param {number} xGeo Geo x coordinate, in m.
+     * @returns {number} Screen x coordinate, in pix.
+     */
+    geoToPixX(xGeo) {
+        return (xGeo - this.view.x) / this.view.z + this.w * 0.5
+    }
+    /**
+     * @param {number} yGeo Geo y coordinate, in m.
+     * @returns {number} Screen y coordinate, in pix.
+     */
+    geoToPixY(yGeo) {
+        return -(yGeo - this.view.y) / this.view.z + this.h * 0.5
+    }
+    /**
+     * @param {number} x Screen x coordinate, in pix.
+     * @returns {number} Geo x coordinate, in m.
+     */
+    pixToGeoX(x) {
+        return (x - this.w * 0.5) * this.view.z + this.view.x
+    }
+    /**
+     * @param {number} y Screen y coordinate, in pix.
+     * @returns {number} Geo y coordinate, in m.
+     */
+    pixToGeoY(y) {
+        return -(y - this.h * 0.5) * this.view.z + this.view.y
+    }
+
+    /** Get x,y,z elements from URL and assign them to the view. */
+    setViewFromURL() {
+        const x = GeoCanvas.getParameterByName('x'),
+            y = GeoCanvas.getParameterByName('y'),
+            z = GeoCanvas.getParameterByName('z')
+        if (x != null && x != undefined && !isNaN(+x)) this.view.x = +x
+        if (y != null && y != undefined && !isNaN(+y)) this.view.y = +y
+        if (z != null && z != undefined && !isNaN(+z)) this.view.z = +z
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get a URL parameter by name.
+     *
+     * @param {string} name
+     * @returns {string | null}
+     */
+    static getParameterByName(name) {
+        name = name.replace(/[\[]/, '\\[').replace(/[\]]/, '\\]')
+        var regex = new RegExp('[\\?&]' + name + '=([^&#]*)'),
+            results = regex.exec(location.search)
+        return !results ? null : decodeURIComponent(results[1].replace(/\+/g, ' '))
+    }
+}