gina 0.1.6-alpha.9 → 0.1.6-alpha.91

package/framework/v0.1.6-alpha.91/core/deps/optimist-0.6.1/readme.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,513 @@
+# DEPRECATION NOTICE
+
+I don't want to maintain this module anymore since I just use
+[minimist](https://npmjs.org/package/minimist), the argument parsing engine,
+directly instead nowadays.
+
+See [yargs](https://github.com/chevex/yargs) for the modern, pirate-themed
+successor to optimist.
+
+[![yarrrrrrrgs!](http://i.imgur.com/4WFGVJ9.png)](https://github.com/chevex/yargs)
+
+You should also consider [nomnom](https://github.com/harthur/nomnom).
+
+optimist
+========
+
+Optimist is a node.js library for option parsing for people who hate option
+parsing. More specifically, this module is for people who like all the --bells
+and -whistlz of program usage but think optstrings are a waste of time.
+
+With optimist, option parsing doesn't have to suck (as much).
+
+[![build status](https://secure.travis-ci.org/substack/node-optimist.png)](http://travis-ci.org/substack/node-optimist)
+
+examples
+========
+
+With Optimist, the options are just a hash! No optstrings attached.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+xup.js:
+
+````javascript
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+var argv = require('optimist').argv;
+
+if (argv.rif - 5 * argv.xup > 7.138) {
+    console.log('Buy more riffiwobbles');
+}
+else {
+    console.log('Sell the xupptumblers');
+}
+````
+
+***
+
+    $ ./xup.js --rif=55 --xup=9.52
+    Buy more riffiwobbles
+    
+    $ ./xup.js --rif 12 --xup 8.1
+    Sell the xupptumblers
+
+![This one's optimistic.](http://substack.net/images/optimistic.png)
+
+But wait! There's more! You can do short options:
+-------------------------------------------------
+ 
+short.js:
+
+````javascript
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+var argv = require('optimist').argv;
+console.log('(%d,%d)', argv.x, argv.y);
+````
+
+***
+
+    $ ./short.js -x 10 -y 21
+    (10,21)
+
+And booleans, both long and short (and grouped):
+----------------------------------
+
+bool.js:
+
+````javascript
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+var util = require('util');
+var argv = require('optimist').argv;
+
+if (argv.s) {
+    util.print(argv.fr ? 'Le chat dit: ' : 'The cat says: ');
+}
+console.log(
+    (argv.fr ? 'miaou' : 'meow') + (argv.p ? '.' : '')
+);
+````
+
+***
+
+    $ ./bool.js -s
+    The cat says: meow
+    
+    $ ./bool.js -sp
+    The cat says: meow.
+
+    $ ./bool.js -sp --fr
+    Le chat dit: miaou.
+
+And non-hypenated options too! Just use `argv._`!
+-------------------------------------------------
+ 
+nonopt.js:
+
+````javascript
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+var argv = require('optimist').argv;
+console.log('(%d,%d)', argv.x, argv.y);
+console.log(argv._);
+````
+
+***
+
+    $ ./nonopt.js -x 6.82 -y 3.35 moo
+    (6.82,3.35)
+    [ 'moo' ]
+    
+    $ ./nonopt.js foo -x 0.54 bar -y 1.12 baz
+    (0.54,1.12)
+    [ 'foo', 'bar', 'baz' ]
+
+Plus, Optimist comes with .usage() and .demand()!
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+divide.js:
+
+````javascript
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+var argv = require('optimist')
+    .usage('Usage: $0 -x [num] -y [num]')
+    .demand(['x','y'])
+    .argv;
+
+console.log(argv.x / argv.y);
+````
+
+***
+ 
+    $ ./divide.js -x 55 -y 11
+    5
+    
+    $ node ./divide.js -x 4.91 -z 2.51
+    Usage: node ./divide.js -x [num] -y [num]
+
+    Options:
+      -x  [required]
+      -y  [required]
+
+    Missing required arguments: y
+
+EVEN MORE HOLY COW
+------------------
+
+default_singles.js:
+
+````javascript
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+var argv = require('optimist')
+    .default('x', 10)
+    .default('y', 10)
+    .argv
+;
+console.log(argv.x + argv.y);
+````
+
+***
+
+    $ ./default_singles.js -x 5
+    15
+
+default_hash.js:
+
+````javascript
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+var argv = require('optimist')
+    .default({ x : 10, y : 10 })
+    .argv
+;
+console.log(argv.x + argv.y);
+````
+
+***
+
+    $ ./default_hash.js -y 7
+    17
+
+And if you really want to get all descriptive about it...
+---------------------------------------------------------
+
+boolean_single.js
+
+````javascript
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+var argv = require('optimist')
+    .boolean('v')
+    .argv
+;
+console.dir(argv);
+````
+
+***
+
+    $ ./boolean_single.js -v foo bar baz
+    true
+    [ 'bar', 'baz', 'foo' ]
+
+boolean_double.js
+
+````javascript
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+var argv = require('optimist')
+    .boolean(['x','y','z'])
+    .argv
+;
+console.dir([ argv.x, argv.y, argv.z ]);
+console.dir(argv._);
+````
+
+***
+
+    $ ./boolean_double.js -x -z one two three
+    [ true, false, true ]
+    [ 'one', 'two', 'three' ]
+
+Optimist is here to help...
+---------------------------
+
+You can describe parameters for help messages and set aliases. Optimist figures
+out how to format a handy help string automatically.
+
+line_count.js
+
+````javascript
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+var argv = require('optimist')
+    .usage('Count the lines in a file.\nUsage: $0')
+    .demand('f')
+    .alias('f', 'file')
+    .describe('f', 'Load a file')
+    .argv
+;
+
+var fs = require('fs');
+var s = fs.createReadStream(argv.file);
+
+var lines = 0;
+s.on('data', function (buf) {
+    lines += buf.toString().match(/\n/g).length;
+});
+
+s.on('end', function () {
+    console.log(lines);
+});
+````
+
+***
+
+    $ node line_count.js
+    Count the lines in a file.
+    Usage: node ./line_count.js
+
+    Options:
+      -f, --file  Load a file  [required]
+
+    Missing required arguments: f
+
+    $ node line_count.js --file line_count.js 
+    20
+    
+    $ node line_count.js -f line_count.js 
+    20
+
+methods
+=======
+
+By itself,
+
+````javascript
+require('optimist').argv
+`````
+
+will use `process.argv` array to construct the `argv` object.
+
+You can pass in the `process.argv` yourself:
+
+````javascript
+require('optimist')([ '-x', '1', '-y', '2' ]).argv
+````
+
+or use .parse() to do the same thing:
+
+````javascript
+require('optimist').parse([ '-x', '1', '-y', '2' ])
+````
+
+The rest of these methods below come in just before the terminating `.argv`.
+
+.alias(key, alias)
+------------------
+
+Set key names as equivalent such that updates to a key will propagate to aliases
+and vice-versa.
+
+Optionally `.alias()` can take an object that maps keys to aliases.
+
+.default(key, value)
+--------------------
+
+Set `argv[key]` to `value` if no option was specified on `process.argv`.
+
+Optionally `.default()` can take an object that maps keys to default values.
+
+.demand(key)
+------------
+
+If `key` is a string, show the usage information and exit if `key` wasn't
+specified in `process.argv`.
+
+If `key` is a number, demand at least as many non-option arguments, which show
+up in `argv._`.
+
+If `key` is an Array, demand each element.
+
+.describe(key, desc)
+--------------------
+
+Describe a `key` for the generated usage information.
+
+Optionally `.describe()` can take an object that maps keys to descriptions.
+
+.options(key, opt)
+------------------
+
+Instead of chaining together `.alias().demand().default()`, you can specify
+keys in `opt` for each of the chainable methods.
+
+For example:
+
+````javascript
+var argv = require('optimist')
+    .options('f', {
+        alias : 'file',
+        default : '/etc/passwd',
+    })
+    .argv
+;
+````
+
+is the same as
+
+````javascript
+var argv = require('optimist')
+    .alias('f', 'file')
+    .default('f', '/etc/passwd')
+    .argv
+;
+````
+
+Optionally `.options()` can take an object that maps keys to `opt` parameters.
+
+.usage(message)
+---------------
+
+Set a usage message to show which commands to use. Inside `message`, the string
+`$0` will get interpolated to the current script name or node command for the
+present script similar to how `$0` works in bash or perl.
+
+.check(fn)
+----------
+
+Check that certain conditions are met in the provided arguments.
+
+If `fn` throws or returns `false`, show the thrown error, usage information, and
+exit.
+
+.boolean(key)
+-------------
+
+Interpret `key` as a boolean. If a non-flag option follows `key` in
+`process.argv`, that string won't get set as the value of `key`.
+
+If `key` never shows up as a flag in `process.arguments`, `argv[key]` will be
+`false`.
+
+If `key` is an Array, interpret all the elements as booleans.
+
+.string(key)
+------------
+
+Tell the parser logic not to interpret `key` as a number or boolean.
+This can be useful if you need to preserve leading zeros in an input.
+
+If `key` is an Array, interpret all the elements as strings.
+
+.wrap(columns)
+--------------
+
+Format usage output to wrap at `columns` many columns.
+
+.help()
+-------
+
+Return the generated usage string.
+
+.showHelp(fn=console.error)
+---------------------------
+
+Print the usage data using `fn` for printing.
+
+.parse(args)
+------------
+
+Parse `args` instead of `process.argv`. Returns the `argv` object.
+
+.argv
+-----
+
+Get the arguments as a plain old object.
+
+Arguments without a corresponding flag show up in the `argv._` array.
+
+The script name or node command is available at `argv.$0` similarly to how `$0`
+works in bash or perl.
+
+parsing tricks
+==============
+
+stop parsing
+------------
+
+Use `--` to stop parsing flags and stuff the remainder into `argv._`.
+
+    $ node examples/reflect.js -a 1 -b 2 -- -c 3 -d 4
+    { _: [ '-c', '3', '-d', '4' ],
+      '$0': 'node ./examples/reflect.js',
+      a: 1,
+      b: 2 }
+
+negate fields
+-------------
+
+If you want to explicity set a field to false instead of just leaving it
+undefined or to override a default you can do `--no-key`.
+
+    $ node examples/reflect.js -a --no-b
+    { _: [],
+      '$0': 'node ./examples/reflect.js',
+      a: true,
+      b: false }
+
+numbers
+-------
+
+Every argument that looks like a number (`!isNaN(Number(arg))`) is converted to
+one. This way you can just `net.createConnection(argv.port)` and you can add
+numbers out of `argv` with `+` without having that mean concatenation,
+which is super frustrating.
+
+duplicates
+----------
+
+If you specify a flag multiple times it will get turned into an array containing
+all the values in order.
+
+    $ node examples/reflect.js -x 5 -x 8 -x 0
+    { _: [],
+      '$0': 'node ./examples/reflect.js',
+        x: [ 5, 8, 0 ] }
+
+dot notation
+------------
+
+When you use dots (`.`s) in argument names, an implicit object path is assumed.
+This lets you organize arguments into nested objects.
+
+     $ node examples/reflect.js --foo.bar.baz=33 --foo.quux=5
+     { _: [],
+       '$0': 'node ./examples/reflect.js',
+         foo: { bar: { baz: 33 }, quux: 5 } }
+
+short numbers
+-------------
+
+Short numeric `head -n5` style argument work too:
+
+    $ node reflect.js -n123 -m456
+    { '3': true,
+      '6': true,
+      _: [],
+      '$0': 'node ./reflect.js',
+      n: 123,
+      m: 456 }
+
+installation
+============
+
+With [npm](http://github.com/isaacs/npm), just do:
+    npm install optimist
+ 
+or clone this project on github:
+
+    git clone http://github.com/substack/node-optimist.git
+
+To run the tests with [expresso](http://github.com/visionmedia/expresso),
+just do:
+    
+    expresso
+
+inspired By
+===========
+
+This module is loosely inspired by Perl's
+[Getopt::Casual](http://search.cpan.org/~photo/Getopt-Casual-0.13.1/Casual.pm).