gencow 0.1.121 → 0.1.123

package/bin/gencow.mjs

@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ function validatePlatformUrl(url) {
     // 그 외는 반드시 https://
     if (!url.startsWith("https://")) {
         error(`platformUrl must use https:// (got: ${url})`);
-        info("시크릿이 평문으로 전송될 수 있습니다. GENCOW_PLATFORM_URL을 확인하세요.");
+        info("Secrets may be transmitted in plaintext. Check GENCOW_PLATFORM_URL.");
         process.exit(1);
     }
     return url;
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ function _ensureEsbuildConsistency() {
         if (hostVersion === binaryVersion) return (_esbuildEnvCache = {});
 
         // ── 불일치 감지 → 2단계 수정 ──
-        warn(`esbuild 버전 불일치 감지: host=${hostVersion}, binary=${binaryVersion}`);
+        warn(`esbuild version mismatch detected: host=${hostVersion}, binary=${binaryVersion}`);
 
         const env = {};
 
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ function _ensureEsbuildConsistency() {
                 const binary = resolve(platformPkgDir, "bin/esbuild");
                 if (existsSync(binary)) {
                     env.ESBUILD_BINARY_PATH = binary;
-                    info(`ESBUILD_BINARY_PATH → esbuild@${esbuildVer} 바이너리 사용`);
+                    info(`ESBUILD_BINARY_PATH → using esbuild@${esbuildVer} binary`);
                 }
             } catch { /* platform binary resolve 실패 — fallback 없이 계속 */ }
         } catch { /* drizzle-kit esbuild resolve 실패 */ }
@@ -326,8 +326,8 @@ function _patchNpmrcForEsbuild(cwd) {
                         "",
                     ].join("\n");
                     appendFileSync(pnpmrcPath, patch);
-                    info(".pnpmrc에 esbuild hoisting 차단 규칙을 추가했습니다.");
-                    info("다음 pnpm install 시 영구 적용됩니다.");
+                    info("Added esbuild hoisting exclusion rule to .pnpmrc.");
+                    info("Permanent fix will apply on next pnpm install.");
                 }
                 return;
             }
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ function findServerRoot() {
     const siblingServer = resolve(__dirname, "../../server");
     if (existsSync(siblingServer)) return siblingServer;
 
-    error("서버 런타임을 찾을 수 없습니다. bun install을 실행하세요.");
+    error("Server runtime not found. Run 'bun install'.");
     process.exit(1);
 }
 
@@ -472,7 +472,7 @@ process.exit(0);
             const stderr = execError.stderr?.toString() || "";
             const stdout = execError.stdout?.toString() || "";
 
-            error("API Codegen failed — gencow/index.ts를 파싱할 수 없습니다.");
+            error("API Codegen failed — cannot parse gencow/index.ts.");
             log("");
 
             // stderr에서 핵심 에러 줄 추출 (타입 에러, import 에러 등)
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ process.exit(0);
             ).slice(0, 5);  // 최대 5줄
 
             if (errorLines.length > 0) {
-                error("원인:");
+                error("Cause:");
                 for (const line of errorLines) {
                     info(`  ${RED}${line.trim()}${RESET}`);
                 }
@@ -499,16 +499,16 @@ process.exit(0);
             }
 
             log("");
-            info(`${YELLOW}해결 방법:${RESET}`);
-            info("  1. gencow/index.ts에서 TypeScript 에러를 수정하세요");
-            info("  2. import 경로가 올바른지 확인하세요");
-            info("  3. @gencow/core 패키지가 설치되어 있는지 확인하세요");
+            info(`${YELLOW}How to fix:${RESET}`);
+            info("  1. Fix TypeScript errors in gencow/index.ts");
+            info("  2. Verify import paths are correct");
+            info("  3. Ensure @gencow/core is installed");
             log("");
 
             // 빈 스텁 api.ts 생성 — IDE가 즉시 에러를 잡을 수 있도록
-            const stubContent = `/**\n * ⚠️ API Codegen Failed\n *\n * gencow/index.ts에서 에러가 발생하여 api.ts를 생성할 수 없었습니다.\n * 콘솔의 에러 메시지를 확인하고 수정한 후 gencow dev를 재시작하세요.\n *\n * 이 파일은 자동 생성됩니다 — 직접 수정하지 마세요.\n */\nexport const api = {} as const;\n`;
+            const stubContent = `/**\n * ⚠️ API Codegen Failed\n *\n * An error occurred in gencow/index.ts, so api.ts could not be generated.\n * Check the console for error details, fix the issue, and restart gencow dev.\n *\n * This file is auto-generated — do not edit manually.\n */\nexport const api = {} as const;\n`;
             writeFileSync(apiTsPath, stubContent);
-            warn(`빈 스텁 ${config.functionsDir}/api.ts 생성됨 (에러 수정 후 자동 재생성)`);
+            warn(`Empty stub ${config.functionsDir}/api.ts created (auto-regenerated after fix)`);
             return;  // 에러를 throw하지 않고 조용히 반환 — dev 서버는 계속 실행
         }
 
@@ -595,9 +595,9 @@ process.exit(0);
     } catch (e) {
         error(`API Codegen failed: ${e.message}`);
         // 빈 스텁 api.ts 생성 — 예기치 않은 에러에서도 IDE가 즉시 에러를 잡을 수 있도록
-        const stubContent = `/**\n * ⚠️ API Codegen Failed: ${e.message.replace(/\*/g, "")}\n *\n * 에러를 수정한 후 gencow dev를 재시작하세요.\n * 이 파일은 자동 생성됩니다 — 직접 수정하지 마세요.\n */\nexport const api = {} as const;\n`;
+        const stubContent = `/**\n * ⚠️ API Codegen Failed: ${e.message.replace(/\*/g, "")}\n *\n * Fix the error and restart gencow dev.\n * This file is auto-generated — do not edit manually.\n */\nexport const api = {} as const;\n`;
         try { writeFileSync(apiTsPath, stubContent); } catch { /* ignore */ }
-        warn(`빈 스텁 ${config.functionsDir}/api.ts 생성됨`);
+        warn(`Empty stub ${config.functionsDir}/api.ts created`);
     } finally {
         try { unlinkSync(extractTsPath); } catch { }
     }
@@ -654,11 +654,11 @@ function updateEnvLocalUrl(deployUrl) {
         }
 
         writeFileSync(envPath, content);
-        success(`.env에 ${envKey} 자동 설정됨`);
-        info(`  ${DIM}배포 플랫폼(Vercel 등) 환경변수에도 추가하세요:${RESET}`);
+        success(`.env — auto-configured ${envKey}`);
+        info(`  ${DIM}Also add to your deploy platform (Vercel, etc.) env vars:${RESET}`);
         info(`  ${envKey}=${deployUrl}`);
     } catch (e) {
-        warn(`.env 업데이트 실패: ${e.message}`);
+        warn(`.env update failed: ${e.message}`);
     }
 }
 
@@ -710,13 +710,13 @@ const commands = {
             const { createInterface } = await import("readline");
             const rl = createInterface({ input: process.stdin, output: process.stdout });
             name = await new Promise(resolve => {
-                rl.question(`\n  ${DIM}프로젝트 이름을 입력하세요 (현재 폴더: .):${RESET} `, answer => {
+                rl.question(`\n  ${DIM}Enter project name (current folder: .):${RESET} `, answer => {
                     rl.close();
                     resolve(answer.trim());
                 });
             });
             if (!name) {
-                error("프로젝트 이름이 필요합니다.");
+                error("Project name is required.");
                 process.exit(1);
             }
         }
@@ -733,14 +733,14 @@ const commands = {
         if (!templateId) {
             templateId = await (async () => {
                 const tpls = commands._templates;
-                log(`  ${DIM}템플릿을 선택하세요:${RESET}\n`);
+                log(`  ${DIM}Choose a template:${RESET}\n`);
                 tpls.forEach((t, i) =>
                     log(`    ${CYAN}${i + 1}.${RESET} ${t.id.padEnd(12)} ${DIM}— ${t.label}${RESET}`)
                 );
                 const { createInterface } = await import("readline");
                 const rl = createInterface({ input: process.stdin, output: process.stdout });
                 return new Promise(resolve => {
-                    rl.question(`\n  번호를 입력하세요 (1-${tpls.length}): `, answer => {
+                    rl.question(`\n  Enter number (1-${tpls.length}): `, answer => {
                         rl.close();
                         const idx = parseInt(answer) - 1;
                         resolve(tpls[idx]?.id || "default");
@@ -756,7 +756,7 @@ const commands = {
             process.exit(1);
         }
 
-        log(`\n  ${DIM}▸ 템플릿:${RESET} ${CYAN}${template.id}${RESET} — ${template.label}\n`);
+        log(`\n  ${DIM}▸ Template:${RESET} ${CYAN}${template.id}${RESET} — ${template.label}\n`);
 
         const projectDir = isCwd ? process.cwd() : resolve(process.cwd(), name);
 
@@ -768,7 +768,7 @@ const commands = {
                 process.exit(1);
             }
             if (entries.length > 0 && force) {
-                warn(`기존 파일 보존, gencow 파일만 생성/덮어쓰기합니다.`);
+                warn(`Existing files preserved, only gencow files created/overwritten.`);
             }
         }
 
@@ -800,7 +800,7 @@ const commands = {
                 writeFileSync(pkgJsonPath, JSON.stringify(existing, null, 2) + "\n");
                 success("Updated package.json (dependencies merged)");
             } catch {
-                warn("package.json 파싱 실패 — 새로 생성합니다.");
+                warn("Failed to parse package.json — creating new one.");
                 writeFileSync(pkgJsonPath, JSON.stringify({
                     name,
                     version: "0.1.0",
@@ -847,7 +847,7 @@ const commands = {
             if (file === "prompt.md") {
                 // prompt.md goes to project root
                 cpSync(src, resolve(projectDir, "prompt.md"));
-                success("Created prompt.md (바이브코딩 프롬프트)");
+                success("Created prompt.md (vibe coding prompt)");
             } else {
                 // Everything else goes to gencow/
                 cpSync(src, resolve(gencowDir, file));
@@ -866,7 +866,7 @@ const commands = {
         const securityMdSource = resolve(__dirname, "..", "templates", "SECURITY.md");
         if (existsSync(securityMdSource)) {
             cpSync(securityMdSource, resolve(gencowDir, "SECURITY.md"));
-            success("Created gencow/SECURITY.md (보안 가이드)");
+            success("Created gencow/SECURITY.md (security guide)");
         }
 
         // 3.7. crons.ts scaffold (크론 스케줄러 — 빈 템플릿)
@@ -899,7 +899,7 @@ const crons = cronJobs();
 
 export default crons;
 `);
-            success("Created gencow/crons.ts (크론 스케줄러 템플릿)");
+            success("Created gencow/crons.ts (cron scheduler template)");
         }
 
         // 3.7. auth.ts (auth 설정 — defineAuth 기반, shadcn 패턴으로 사용자 소유)
@@ -943,7 +943,7 @@ export default defineConfig({
         // 5. .env (preserve existing)
         const envPath = resolve(projectDir, ".env");
         if (existsSync(envPath) && force) {
-            info(".env 이미 존재 — 건너뜁니다.");
+            info(".env already exists — skipping.");
         } else {
             const envContent = `# Gencow Environment Variables\n# Add your environment variables here\n\n# AI 기능 사용 시 필수 (ctx.ai.chat, ai.chat 등)\n# https://platform.openai.com/api-keys 에서 발급\nOPENAI_API_KEY=sk-your-key-here\n`;
             writeFileSync(envPath, envContent);
@@ -959,9 +959,9 @@ export default defineConfig({
             if (linesToAdd.length > 0) {
                 const append = (existing.endsWith("\n") ? "" : "\n") + "# Gencow\n" + linesToAdd.join("\n") + "\n";
                 writeFileSync(gitignorePath, existing + append);
-                success("Updated .gitignore (gencow 항목 추가)");
+                success("Updated .gitignore (added gencow entries)");
             } else {
-                info(".gitignore 이미 gencow 항목 포함 — 건너뜁니다.");
+                info(".gitignore already has gencow entries — skipping.");
             }
         } else {
             writeFileSync(gitignorePath, gencowGitignoreLines.join("\n") + "\n");
@@ -971,7 +971,7 @@ export default defineConfig({
         // 7. tsconfig.json (preserve existing)
         const tsconfigPath = resolve(projectDir, "tsconfig.json");
         if (existsSync(tsconfigPath) && force) {
-            info("tsconfig.json 이미 존재 — 건너뜁니다.");
+            info("tsconfig.json already exists — skipping.");
         } else {
             writeFileSync(tsconfigPath, JSON.stringify({
                 compilerOptions: {
@@ -1017,12 +1017,12 @@ export default defineConfig({
         success("Linked @gencow/core + dependencies");
 
         // 9. Auto install npm dependencies (drizzle-orm, ai, etc.)
-        info("의존성 설치 중...");
+        info("Installing dependencies...");
         try {
             execSync("bun install", { cwd: projectDir, stdio: ["ignore", "pipe", "pipe"] });
-            success("의존성 설치 완료");
+            success("Dependencies installed");
         } catch {
-            warn("패키지 설치 실패 — " + (isCwd ? "bun install" : "cd " + name + " && bun install") + " 을 직접 실행하세요");
+            warn("Package install failed — " + (isCwd ? "bun install" : "cd " + name + " && bun install") + " to install manually");
         }
 
         // Build next steps message based on template
@@ -1030,107 +1030,28 @@ export default defineConfig({
         const hasPrompt = template.id !== "default";
 
         log(`
-${BOLD}${GREEN}  ✅ 프로젝트 생성 완료!${RESET} ${DIM}(${template.id})${RESET}
+${BOLD}${GREEN}  ✅ Project created!${RESET} ${DIM}(${template.id})${RESET}
 
-  ${DIM}다음 단계:${RESET}
+  ${DIM}Next steps:${RESET}
 ${isCwd ? "" : `
   ${CYAN}cd ${name}${RESET}`}
-  ${CYAN}gencow dev${RESET}           ${DIM}← 개발 서버 시작${RESET}
+  ${CYAN}gencow dev${RESET}           ${DIM}← Start dev server${RESET}
 ${hasPrompt ? `
-  ${DIM}프론트엔드 바이브코딩:${RESET}
-  ${CYAN}prompt.md${RESET} ${DIM}파일을 AI에게 주세요 (Cursor, Copilot 등)${RESET}
+  ${DIM}Frontend vibe coding:${RESET}
+  ${CYAN}prompt.md${RESET} ${DIM}Feed this file to your AI (Cursor, Copilot, etc.)${RESET}
 ` : `
-  ${DIM}추가 기능:${RESET}
-  ${CYAN}gencow add AI${RESET}        ${DIM}← AI 컴포넌트 추가${RESET}
-  ${CYAN}gencow add RAG${RESET}       ${DIM}← RAG 컴포넌트 추가${RESET}
-  ${CYAN}gencow add Memory${RESET}    ${DIM}← Agent Memory 추가${RESET}
+  ${DIM}Add more:${RESET}
+  ${CYAN}gencow add AI${RESET}        ${DIM}← Add AI component${RESET}
+  ${CYAN}gencow add RAG${RESET}       ${DIM}← Add RAG component${RESET}
+  ${CYAN}gencow add Memory${RESET}    ${DIM}← Add Agent Memory${RESET}
 `}
 `);
     },
 
     // ── db:reset ─────────────────────────────────────────
-    // TRUNCATE all user tables + seed.ts 실행.
-    // 로컬 전용: Cloud DB reset은 위험하므로 CLI에서 미지원 (Dashboard에서만 가능)
-    // 사용: gencow db:reset --local
-    async "db:reset"(...args) {
-            const config = loadConfig();
-            const cwd = process.cwd();
-            const isLocal = args.includes("--local");
-
-            if (!isLocal) {
-                // Cloud reset은 미지원 — 안내 메시지
-                error("db:reset은 --local 플래그가 필요합니다.");
-                info(`${DIM}Cloud DB 초기화는 Dashboard에서만 가능합니다 (데이터 보호).${RESET}`);
-                info(`${DIM}로컬 DB를 초기화하려면: gencow db:reset --local${RESET}`);
-                log("");
-                return;
-            }
-
-            const port = process.env.PORT || config.port || 5456;
-
-            log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}Gencow DB Reset${RESET}\n`);
-
-            // 서버가 실행 중인지 확인
-            let serverAlive = false;
-            try {
-                const res = await fetch(`http://localhost:${port}/_admin/status`, { signal: AbortSignal.timeout(2000) });
-                serverAlive = res.ok;
-            } catch { /* 서버 꺼져있음 */ }
-
-            if (serverAlive) {
-                // ── 서버 실행 중: API 기반 TRUNCATE + seed ──
-                info(`Server detected on :${port} — using API reset (TRUNCATE + seed)`);
-                log("");
-
-                try {
-                    const res = await fetch(`http://localhost:${port}/_admin/reset`, {
-                        method: "POST",
-                        headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
-                        body: JSON.stringify({ confirm: "delete all data" }),
-                    });
-                    const data = await res.json();
-
-                    if (!res.ok) {
-                        error(`Reset failed: ${data.error || "Unknown error"}`);
-                        log("");
-                        return;
-                    }
-
-                    success(`TRUNCATE 완료: ${data.truncated?.length || 0} tables`);
-                    if (data.truncated?.length > 0) {
-                        info(`  ${DIM}${data.truncated.join(", ")}${RESET}`);
-                    }
-                    if (data.seeded) {
-                        success(`Seed 실행 완료 ✓`);
-                    } else {
-                        info(`${DIM}seed.ts 없음 — 건너뜀${RESET}`);
-                    }
-                } catch (e) {
-                    error(`Server connection failed: ${e.message}`);
-                }
-            } else {
-                // ── 서버 꺼짐: 기존 PGlite 파일 삭제 ──
-                const dbPath = resolve(cwd, config.db.url);
-                if (existsSync(dbPath)) {
-                    // 1. Backup first
-                    const backupDir = resolve(cwd, ".gencow", "backups");
-                    const ts = new Date().toISOString().replace(/[:.]/g, "-");
-                    const backupPath = resolve(backupDir, ts);
-                    mkdirSync(backupPath, { recursive: true });
-                    cpSync(dbPath, backupPath, { recursive: true });
-                    success(`Backup created: .gencow/backups/${ts}`);
-
-                    // 2. Cleanup old backups (keep last 3)
-                    cleanupOldBackups(backupDir, 3);
-
-                    // 3. Delete DB
-                    rmSync(dbPath, { recursive: true, force: true });
-                    success("DB deleted — gencow dev 로 재시작하면 새로 생성됩니다");
-                } else {
-                    info("DB가 아직 없습니다. gencow dev 로 시작하세요.");
-                }
-            }
-            log("");
+    async "db:reset"() {
+            info(`db:reset is ${BOLD}coming soon${RESET}.`);
+            info(`${DIM}Use Gencow Dashboard for cloud DB management.${RESET}\n`);
         },
 
     // ── db:seed ──────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -1141,51 +1062,13 @@ ${hasPrompt ? `
             const isLocal = args.includes("--local");
 
             if (isLocal) {
-                // ── 로컬 모드: localhost 서버에 seed ──
-                const port = process.env.PORT || config.port || 5456;
-
-                log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}Gencow DB Seed${RESET} ${DIM}(local)${RESET}\n`);
-
-                // 서버가 실행 중인지 확인
-                try {
-                    const statusRes = await fetch(`http://localhost:${port}/_admin/status`, { signal: AbortSignal.timeout(2000) });
-                    if (!statusRes.ok) throw new Error("Server not ready");
-                } catch {
-                    error(`Server not running on :${port}`);
-                    info(`${DIM}gencow dev --local 로 서버를 먼저 시작하세요.${RESET}`);
-                    log("");
-                    return;
-                }
-
-                try {
-                    const res = await fetch(`http://localhost:${port}/_admin/seed`, {
-                        method: "POST",
-                        headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
-                    });
-                    const data = await res.json();
-
-                    if (res.status === 404) {
-                        warn("gencow/seed.ts not found");
-                        info(`\n  ${DIM}Create gencow/seed.ts:${RESET}\n`);
-                        log(`  ${DIM}import { tasks } from "./schema";${RESET}`);
-                        log(`  ${DIM}export default async function seed(ctx) {${RESET}`);
-                        log(`  ${DIM}  await ctx.db.insert(tasks).values([${RESET}`);
-                        log(`  ${DIM}    { title: "Hello World" },${RESET}`);
-                        log(`  ${DIM}  ]);${RESET}`);
-                        log(`  ${DIM}};${RESET}`);
-                    } else if (!res.ok) {
-                        error(`Seed failed: ${data.error || "Unknown error"}`);
-                    } else {
-                        success("Seed 실행 완료 ✓");
-                    }
-                } catch (e) {
-                    error(`Server connection failed: ${e.message}`);
-                }
-                log("");
+                info(`Local db:seed is ${BOLD}coming soon${RESET}.`);
+                info(`${DIM}Use cloud mode (default): gencow db:seed${RESET}\n`);
                 return;
             }
 
             // ── Cloud 모드 (기본) ──
+            const isProd = args.includes("--prod");
             const gencowJsonPath = resolve(process.cwd(), "gencow.json");
             let appId = null;
             let seedPlatformUrl = null;
@@ -1194,18 +1077,27 @@ ${hasPrompt ? `
                     const gencowJson = JSON.parse(readFileSync(gencowJsonPath, "utf8"));
                     appId = gencowJson.appId || gencowJson.appName;
                     seedPlatformUrl = gencowJson.platformUrl || null;
+                    // --prod: use prod app
+                    if (isProd && gencowJson.prodApp) {
+                        appId = gencowJson.prodApp;
+                    }
                 } catch { /* ignore parse error */ }
             }
 
+            if (isProd && appId && !appId.endsWith("-prod")) {
+                error("Prod app not found. Run 'gencow deploy' first to create a prod app.");
+                return;
+            }
+
             if (!appId) {
-                error("Cloud app not found — gencow.json이 없거나 appId가 설정되지 않았습니다.");
-                info(`${DIM}먼저 gencow dev 를 실행하세요.${RESET}`);
-                info(`${DIM}로컬 서버에 seed하려면: gencow db:seed --local${RESET}`);
+                error("Cloud app not found. Make sure gencow.json exists with an appId.");
+                info(`${DIM}Run 'gencow dev' first to create your app.${RESET}`);
                 log("");
                 return;
             }
 
-            log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}Gencow DB Seed${RESET} ${DIM}(cloud: ${appId})${RESET}\n`);
+            const envLabel = isProd ? "prod" : "dev";
+            log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}Gencow DB Seed${RESET} ${DIM}(${envLabel}: ${appId})${RESET}\n`);
             info("Running seed.ts on cloud app...");
 
             const seedAppBaseUrl = getAppUrl(appId, seedPlatformUrl || "https://gencow.app");
@@ -1219,8 +1111,8 @@ ${hasPrompt ? `
 
                 if (!statusRes || !statusRes.ok) {
                     error(`Cloud app "${appId}" is not running`);
-                    info(`${DIM}Dashboard → Apps → ${appId} → Resume 으로 앱을 시작하세요.${RESET}`);
-                    info(`${DIM}또는: gencow dev 로 앱 생성 후 시도하세요.${RESET}`);
+                    info(`${DIM}Dashboard → Apps → ${appId} → Resume to start the app.${RESET}`);
+                    info(`${DIM}Or: run gencow dev to create and deploy.${RESET}`);
                     log("");
                     return;
                 }
@@ -1238,15 +1130,15 @@ ${hasPrompt ? `
                     log(`  ${DIM}export default async function seed(ctx) {${RESET}`);
                     log(`  ${DIM}  await ctx.db.insert(tasks).values([...]);${RESET}`);
                     log(`  ${DIM}};${RESET}\n`);
-                    info(`${DIM}After creating seed.ts: gencow dev 실행 후 gencow db:seed${RESET}`);
+                    info(`${DIM}After creating seed.ts: run gencow dev then gencow db:seed${RESET}`);
                 } else if (!res.ok) {
                     error(`Cloud seed failed: ${data.error || "Unknown error"}`);
                 } else {
-                    success("Cloud seed 실행 완료 ✓");
+                    success("Cloud seed completed ✓");
                 }
             } catch (e) {
                 error(`Cloud app connection failed: ${e.message}`);
-                info(`${DIM}앱이 실행 중인지 확인하세요: ${seedAppBaseUrl}${RESET}`);
+                info(`${DIM}Check if the app is running: ${seedAppBaseUrl}${RESET}`);
             }
             log("");
         },
@@ -1261,7 +1153,7 @@ ${hasPrompt ? `
             log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}Gencow DB Restore${RESET}\n`);
 
             if (!existsSync(backupDir)) {
-                warn("백업이 없습니다.");
+                warn("No backups found.");
                 log("");
                 return;
             }
@@ -1274,7 +1166,7 @@ ${hasPrompt ? `
                 .reverse();
 
             if (backups.length === 0) {
-                warn("백업이 없습니다.");
+                warn("No backups found.");
                 log("");
                 return;
             }
@@ -1295,7 +1187,7 @@ ${hasPrompt ? `
             }
             cpSync(latestPath, dbPath, { recursive: true });
             success(`Restored from: .gencow/backups/${latest}`);
-            info("gencow dev 로 재시작하세요.");
+            info("Restart with gencow dev.");
             log("");
         },
 
@@ -1306,9 +1198,12 @@ ${hasPrompt ? `
             if (devArgs.includes("--verbose")) {
                 process.env.GENCOW_VERBOSE = "true";
             }
-            // --local 플래그: 로컬 PGlite 모드
+            // --local 플래그: coming soon
             if (devArgs.includes("--local")) {
-                return commands["dev:local"](...devArgs);
+                log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}Gencow Dev${RESET} ${DIM}(local)${RESET}\n`);
+                info(`Local development mode is ${BOLD}coming soon${RESET}.`);
+                info(`${DIM}Use cloud mode (default): gencow dev${RESET}\n`);
+                return;
             }
             // --cloud 하위 호환 (이미 기본이므로 그대로 진행)
             // 기본 = 클라우드 모드
@@ -1530,43 +1425,58 @@ ${hasPrompt ? `
             const isLocal = args.includes("--local");
 
             if (isLocal) {
-                // ── 로컬 모드: 기존 동작 유지 ──
-                let hasDb = !!process.env.DATABASE_URL;
-                if (!hasDb) {
-                    const envPath = resolve(process.cwd(), ".env");
-                    if (existsSync(envPath)) hasDb = readFileSync(envPath, "utf8").includes("DATABASE_URL=");
-                }
-                const targetDb = hasDb ? "local PG" : "local fallback: PGlite";
-                log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}Gencow DB Push${RESET} ${DIM}(${targetDb})${RESET}\n`);
-                info("Pushing schema.ts → database (no migration files)...");
-                runInServer("pnpm db:push --force", buildEnv(config));
-                success("Schema pushed!");
-                log(`  ${DIM}Tables are in sync with schema.ts${RESET}\n`);
+                info(`Local db:push is ${BOLD}coming soon${RESET}.`);
+                info(`${DIM}Use cloud mode (default): gencow db:push${RESET}\n`);
                 return;
             }
 
-            // ── Cloud 모드 (기본) ──
+            // ── Cloud mode (default) ──
+            const isProd = args.includes("--prod");
             const gencowJsonPath = resolve(process.cwd(), "gencow.json");
             let appId = null;
             if (existsSync(gencowJsonPath)) {
                 try {
                     const gencowJson = JSON.parse(readFileSync(gencowJsonPath, "utf8"));
                     appId = gencowJson.appId || gencowJson.appName;
+                    // --prod: use prod app
+                    if (isProd && gencowJson.prodApp) {
+                        appId = gencowJson.prodApp;
+                    }
                 } catch { /* ignore parse error */ }
             }
 
+            if (isProd && appId && !appId.endsWith("-prod")) {
+                error("Prod app not found. Run 'gencow deploy' first to create a prod app.");
+                return;
+            }
+
             if (!appId) {
-                error("Cloud app not found — gencow.json이 없거나 appId가 설정되지 않았습니다.");
-                info(`${DIM}먼저 gencow dev 를 실행하세요.${RESET}`);
-                info(`${DIM}로컬 DB에 push하려면: gencow db:push --local${RESET}`);
+                error("Cloud app not found. Make sure gencow.json exists with an appId.");
+                info(`${DIM}Run 'gencow dev' first to create your app.${RESET}`);
+                info(`${DIM}To push to local DB: gencow db:push --local${RESET}`);
                 log("");
                 return;
             }
 
-            // ── Cloud 모드: Platform API를 통해 Cloud DB에 schema push ──
+            // ── Prod safety confirmation ──
+            if (isProd) {
+                const { createInterface } = await import("readline");
+                const rl = createInterface({ input: process.stdin, output: process.stdout });
+                const answer = await new Promise(res =>
+                    rl.question(`\n  ${RED}!${RESET} Push schema to ${BOLD}PRODUCTION${RESET} database (${appId})?\n  Type "yes" to confirm: `, res)
+                );
+                rl.close();
+                if (answer.trim().toLowerCase() !== "yes") {
+                    warn("Cancelled.");
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+
+            // ── Cloud mode: push schema via Platform API ──
             const creds = requireCreds();
-            log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}Gencow DB Push${RESET} ${DIM}(cloud: ${appId})${RESET}\n`);
-            warn("명령어 실행 전 먼저 gencow dev 를 통해 최신 코드가 배포되어 있어야 합니다.");
+            const envLabel = isProd ? "prod" : "dev";
+            log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}Gencow DB Push${RESET} ${DIM}(${envLabel}: ${appId})${RESET}\n`);
+            warn("Make sure the latest code is deployed before running this command.");
             log("");
             info("Pushing schema.ts → cloud database...");
 
@@ -1586,7 +1496,7 @@ ${hasPrompt ? `
             }
 
             // 🆕 로컬 drizzle-kit generate 실행 (프롬프트 패스스루)
-            info("스키마 마이그레이션 생성 중...");
+            info("Generating schema migrations...");
             try {
                 const dk = _drizzleKitCmd("generate");
                 execSync(dk.cmd, {
@@ -1594,14 +1504,14 @@ ${hasPrompt ? `
                     env: { ...process.env, ...dk.env },
                     stdio: "inherit",
                 });
-                success("마이그레이션 생성 완료");
+                success("Migrations generated");
             } catch (e) {
                 const msg = e.stderr?.toString() || e.message || "";
                 if (msg.includes("No schema changes") || msg.includes("nothing to migrate") || msg.includes("No changes detected")) {
-                    log(`${DIM}  스키마 변경 없음 — 기존 마이그레이션 사용${RESET}`);
+                    log(`${DIM}  ✓ Migrations up-to-date — no new schema changes detected${RESET}`);
                 } else {
-                    warn(`마이그레이션 생성 실패: ${msg.split("\n")[0]}`);
-                    info("서버에서 기존 방식으로 스키마 적용을 시도합니다.");
+                    warn(`Migration generation failed: ${msg.split("\n")[0]}`);
+                    info("Will attempt schema push via server.");
                 }
             }
 
@@ -1638,8 +1548,8 @@ ${hasPrompt ? `
                 success("Schema pushed to cloud DB!");
                 log(`  ${DIM}Tables are in sync with schema.ts${RESET}\n`);
             } catch (e) {
-                error(`Platform 연결 실패: ${e.message}`);
-                info("서버가 실행 중인지 확인하세요.");
+                error(`Platform connection failed: ${e.message}`);
+                info("Check if the server is running.");
                 process.exit(1);
             } finally {
                 // 임시 번들 정리
@@ -1679,98 +1589,16 @@ ${hasPrompt ? `
 
     // ── db:studio ────────────────────────────────────────
     async "db:studio"() {
-            const config = loadConfig();
-            log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}Gencow DB Studio${RESET}\n`);
-            info("Opening Drizzle Studio...");
-            runInServer("pnpm db:studio", buildEnv(config));
+            info(`Drizzle Studio is ${BOLD}coming soon${RESET}.`);
+            info(`${DIM}Use Gencow Dashboard at https://gencow.app instead.${RESET}\n`);
         },
 
     // ── dashboard ────────────────────────────────────────
     async dashboard() {
-            const config = loadConfig();
-            const port = process.env.PORT || config.port;
-            const url = `http://localhost:${port}/_admin`;
-            log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}Gencow Dashboard${RESET}\n`);
-            info(`Opening ${url}`);
-            const { default: open } = await import("open");
-            await open(url);
+            info(`Local dashboard is ${BOLD}coming soon${RESET}.`);
+            info(`${DIM}Use Gencow Dashboard at https://gencow.app${RESET}\n`);
         },
 
-    // ── deploy ───────────────────────────────────────────
-    async deploy(subcmd) {
-            const config = loadConfig();
-            const cwd = process.cwd();
-
-            // docker-compose file location
-            const composeFile = resolve(cwd, "docker-compose.prod.yml");
-            if (!existsSync(composeFile)) {
-                error("docker-compose.prod.yml not found — run from project root");
-                process.exit(1);
-            }
-
-            // subcommands: stop, logs, status
-            if (subcmd === "stop") {
-                log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}Gencow Deploy — Stop${RESET}\n`);
-                info("Stopping production containers...");
-                execSync(`docker compose -f ${composeFile} down`, { cwd, stdio: "inherit" });
-                success("Stopped");
-                return;
-            }
-            if (subcmd === "logs") {
-                execSync(`docker compose -f ${composeFile} logs -f`, { cwd, stdio: "inherit" });
-                return;
-            }
-            if (subcmd === "status") {
-                execSync(`docker compose -f ${composeFile} ps`, { cwd, stdio: "inherit" });
-                return;
-            }
-
-            // Default: build + up
-            log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}Gencow Deploy${RESET}  ${DIM}— Production${RESET}\n`);
-            info(`Functions: ${DIM}${config.functionsDir}${RESET}`);
-            info(`DB:        ${DIM}${config.db.url}${RESET}`);
-            info(`Storage:   ${DIM}${config.storage}${RESET}`);
-            log("");
-
-            // 1. Generate migrations so they're bundled in the image
-            info("Generating migrations from schema.ts...");
-            try {
-                runInServer("pnpm db:generate", buildEnv(config));
-                success("Migrations generated");
-            } catch {
-                warn("db:generate failed — using existing migrations");
-            }
-
-            // 2. Check Docker is available
-            try {
-                execSync("docker info", { stdio: "ignore" });
-            } catch {
-                error("Docker is not running — start Docker Desktop and try again");
-                process.exit(1);
-            }
-
-            // 3. Build Docker image
-            log("");
-            info("Building Docker image...");
-            execSync(`docker compose -f ${composeFile} build`, { cwd, stdio: "inherit" });
-            success("Image built");
-
-            // 4. Start services
-            log("");
-            info("Starting production services...");
-            execSync(`docker compose -f ${composeFile} up -d`, { cwd, stdio: "inherit" });
-            log("");
-            success("Deployment complete!");
-            log(`
-  ${BOLD}Services:${RESET}
-  ${GREEN}▸${RESET} Server:    http://localhost:${config.port}
-  ${GREEN}▸${RESET} Dashboard: http://localhost:3000/_admin
-
-  ${DIM}gencow deploy logs    — follow logs${RESET}
-  ${DIM}gencow deploy status  — container status${RESET}
-  ${DIM}gencow deploy stop    — stop all services${RESET}
-`);
-        },
 
         // ── help ─────────────────────────────────────────────
         help() {
@@ -1784,34 +1612,25 @@ ${BOLD}Quick Start:${RESET}
   ${GREEN}init <name>${RESET}       Create a new Gencow project
                      ${DIM}--template, -t  Select template (default, task-app, fullstack, ai-chat)${RESET}
                      ${DIM}--force, -f     Initialize in non-empty directory (preserves existing files)${RESET}
-
-${BOLD}Dev commands:${RESET}
-  ${GREEN}dev${RESET}              Watch + auto-deploy to cloud + live logs ${DIM}(default)${RESET}
-                     ${DIM}--local     Use local PGlite instead of cloud${RESET}
-                     ${DIM}--verbose   Show all HTTP logs (including admin/ws)${RESET}
-  ${GREEN}dashboard${RESET}        Open the Gencow admin dashboard in browser
-  ${GREEN}db:push${RESET}          Sync schema.ts → cloud DB ${DIM}(default: cloud)${RESET}
-                     ${DIM}--local     Push to local DB instead of cloud${RESET}
-  ${GREEN}db:generate${RESET}      Generate SQL migration files from schema.ts
-  ${GREEN}db:seed${RESET}          Run gencow/seed.ts on cloud app ${DIM}(default: cloud)${RESET}
-                     ${DIM}--local     Seed local DB instead of cloud${RESET}
-  ${GREEN}db:reset${RESET}         TRUNCATE all data + run seed.ts ${DIM}(local only)${RESET}
-                     ${DIM}--local     Required — local DB reset only (cloud: use Dashboard)${RESET}
-  ${GREEN}db:studio${RESET}        Open Drizzle Studio ${DIM}(visual DB browser)${RESET}
-  ${GREEN}add <comp...>${RESET}   Add components ${DIM}(AI RAG Tools Memory Analytics)${RESET}
-  ${GREEN}mcp${RESET}              Start MCP server for AI agent integration ${DIM}(stdio)${RESET}
-  ${GREEN}codegen${RESET}          Generate frontend-independent api.ts
+  ${GREEN}add <comp...>${RESET}   Add components ${DIM}(AI RAG Tools Memory)${RESET}
+  ${GREEN}codegen${RESET}          Generate frontend api.ts from schema
                      ${DIM}--outdir, -o  Output directory (default: src/gencow/)${RESET}
 
-${BOLD}BaaS commands (login required):${RESET}
+${BOLD}Commands (login required):${RESET}
   ${GREEN}login${RESET}            Login to Gencow Platform ${DIM}(browser → token)${RESET}
   ${GREEN}logout${RESET}           Clear credentials
   ${GREEN}whoami${RESET}           Show current user info
-  ${GREEN}static [dir]${RESET}     Deploy static files to dev ${DIM}(dist/, out/, build/)${RESET}
-                     ${DIM}--no-backend    Skip backend auto-deploy${RESET}
+  ${GREEN}dev${RESET}              Watch + auto-deploy to cloud + live logs
+                     ${DIM}--verbose   Show all HTTP logs (including admin/ws)${RESET}
+  ${GREEN}db:push${RESET}          Sync schema.ts → cloud DB
+                     ${DIM}--prod      Push to production DB (confirmation required)${RESET}
+  ${GREEN}db:generate${RESET}      Generate SQL migration files from schema.ts
+  ${GREEN}db:seed${RESET}          Run gencow/seed.ts on cloud app
+                     ${DIM}--prod      Seed production app${RESET}
+  ${GREEN}static [dir]${RESET}     Deploy static files ${DIM}(dist/, out/, build/)${RESET}
+                     ${DIM}--prod          Deploy to production app${RESET}
                      ${DIM}--force, -f     Skip dependency audit${RESET}
-  ${GREEN}deploy${RESET}           Deploy to production ${DIM}(Pro+ only)${RESET}
-                     ${DIM}--static [dir]  Deploy static files to production${RESET}
+  ${GREEN}deploy${RESET}           Deploy backend to production ${DIM}(Pro+ only)${RESET}
                      ${DIM}--rollback      Rollback to previous deployment${RESET}
                      ${DIM}--force, -f     Skip dependency audit${RESET}
   ${GREEN}env list${RESET}         List cloud env vars ${DIM}(--prod for production)${RESET}
@@ -1822,16 +1641,22 @@ ${BOLD}BaaS commands (login required):${RESET}
   ${GREEN}files list${RESET}       List uploaded files
   ${GREEN}files delete${RESET}     Delete uploaded file ${DIM}(--yes to skip confirm)${RESET}
   ${GREEN}files url${RESET}        Get serving URL for a file
-  ${GREEN}config set${RESET}       Set app config ${DIM}(image.maxWidth, image.quality)${RESET}
-  ${GREEN}config get${RESET}       Show current app config
-  ${GREEN}config reset${RESET}     Reset app config to tier defaults
+  ${GREEN}config set${RESET}       Set image config ${DIM}(config set image.maxWidth 1920)${RESET}
+                     ${DIM}Keys: image.maxWidth (0-10000), image.quality (0-100)${RESET}
+  ${GREEN}config get${RESET}       Show current image config
+  ${GREEN}config reset${RESET}     Reset image config to tier defaults
   ${GREEN}domain set${RESET}       Connect custom domain ${DIM}(myapp.com)${RESET}
   ${GREEN}domain status${RESET}    Check domain DNS/TLS status
   ${GREEN}domain remove${RESET}    Disconnect custom domain
 
-${BOLD}Production:${RESET}
-  ${GREEN}deploy${RESET}           Build Docker image + start production stack
-  ${GREEN}deploy stop${RESET}      Stop production containers
+${BOLD}App management:${RESET}
+  ${GREEN}app list${RESET}         List your apps
+  ${GREEN}app create${RESET}       Create a new app
+  ${GREEN}app delete${RESET}       Delete an app ${DIM}(confirmation required)${RESET}
+  ${GREEN}app status${RESET}       Show app status
+
+  ${DIM}Tip: Most commands support --prod to target the production app.${RESET}
+  ${DIM}     e.g. gencow env list --prod, gencow db:seed --prod${RESET}
 
 ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
   ${DIM}# New project:${RESET}
@@ -1840,10 +1665,9 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
   ${DIM}# Initialize in current directory:${RESET}
   gencow init . --force
 
-  ${DIM}# BaaS (deploy to platform):${RESET}
+  ${DIM}# Deploy to production (Pro+ only):${RESET}
   gencow login
-  gencow app create my-app
-  gencow remote:deploy
+  gencow deploy
 `);
         },
 
@@ -1855,7 +1679,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
             info(`Platform: ${platformUrl}`);
 
             // 1. auth-start → 인증 코드 생성
-            info("인증 코드 요청 중...");
+            info("Requesting auth code...");
             let authData;
             try {
                 const res = await fetch(`${platformUrl}/platform/cli/auth-start`, {
@@ -1865,16 +1689,16 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                 if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`HTTP ${res.status}`);
                 authData = await res.json();
             } catch (e) {
-                error(`Platform 서버 연결 실패: ${e.message}`);
+                error(`Platform connection failed: ${e.message}`);
                 error(`Platform URL: ${platformUrl}`);
-                error(`서버가 실행 중인지 확인하세요.`);
+                error(`Check if the server is running.`);
                 process.exit(1);
             }
 
             log("");
-            log(`  ${BOLD}인증 코드: ${CYAN}${authData.code}${RESET}`);
+            log(`  ${BOLD}Auth code: ${CYAN}${authData.code}${RESET}`);
             log("");
-            info(`브라우저에서 로그인하세요:`);
+            info(`Login in your browser:`);
             log(`  ${CYAN}${authData.url}${RESET}`);
             log("");
 
@@ -1885,11 +1709,11 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     process.platform === "win32" ? "start" : "xdg-open";
                 exec(`${openCmd} "${authData.url}"`);
             } catch {
-                warn("브라우저를 자동으로 열 수 없습니다. 위 URL을 직접 열어주세요.");
+                warn("Could not open browser automatically. Open the URL above manually.");
             }
 
             // 3. 폴링 — 2초마다 인증 완료 확인
-            info("로그인 대기 중...");
+            info("Waiting for login...");
             const POLL_INTERVAL = 2000;
             const MAX_POLLS = 150; // 10분 내 5분 = 150회
 
@@ -1914,14 +1738,14 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                         });
 
                         log("");
-                        success(`로그인 완료!`);
-                        info(`토큰 저장됨: ${DIM}~/.gencow/credentials.json${RESET}`);
+                        success(`Login successful!`);
+                        info(`Token saved: ${DIM}~/.gencow/credentials.json${RESET}`);
                         log("");
                         return;
                     }
 
                     if (data.status === "expired") {
-                        error("인증 코드가 만료되었습니다. 다시 시도하세요: gencow login");
+                        error("Auth code expired. Try again: gencow login");
                         process.exit(1);
                     }
 
@@ -1933,7 +1757,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                 }
             }
 
-            error("\n타임아웃. 다시 시도하세요: gencow login");
+            error("\nTimed out. Try again: gencow login");
             process.exit(1);
         },
 
@@ -1941,9 +1765,9 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
     async logout() {
             try {
                 unlinkSync(CREDS_PATH);
-                success("로그아웃 완료. 자격 증명이 삭제되었습니다.");
+                success("Logged out. Credentials cleared.");
             } catch {
-                info("이미 로그아웃 상태입니다.");
+                info("Already logged out.");
             }
         },
 
@@ -1951,8 +1775,8 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
     async whoami() {
             const creds = loadCreds();
             if (!creds?.apiKey) {
-                error("로그인하지 않았습니다.");
-                info("실행: gencow login");
+                error("Not logged in.");
+                info("Run: gencow login");
                 return;
             }
 
@@ -1962,10 +1786,10 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                 if (!res.ok) {
                     const data = await res.json().catch(() => ({}));
                     const msg = data.error || `HTTP ${res.status}`;
-                    error(`인증 실패: ${msg}`);
+                    error(`Auth failed: ${msg}`);
                     if (res.status === 401) {
-                        info("토큰이 만료되었거나 유효하지 않습니다.");
-                        info("실행: gencow login");
+                        info("Token is expired or invalid.");
+                        info("Run: gencow login");
                     }
                     return;
                 }
@@ -1978,29 +1802,29 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                 if (data.expiresAt) {
                     const expiresDate = new Date(data.expiresAt);
                     const daysLeft = Math.ceil((expiresDate.getTime() - Date.now()) / (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000));
-                    info(`Expires:  ${expiresDate.toLocaleString()} (${daysLeft}일 남음)`);
+                    info(`Expires:  ${expiresDate.toLocaleString()} (${daysLeft} days left)`);
                 }
                 log("");
             } catch (e) {
-                error(`서버 연결 실패: ${e.message}`);
+                error(`Connection failed: ${e.message}`);
                 info(`Platform URL: ${creds.platformUrl}`);
-                info("서버가 실행 중인지 확인하세요.");
+                info("Check if the server is running.");
             }
         },
 
-    // ── static — dev 정적 파일 배포 (독립 명령어) ─────────
+    // ── static — 정적 파일 배포 (dev 기본, --prod 로 프로덕션) ──
     async static(...staticArgs) {
             const creds = requireCreds();
 
             let staticDir = null;
             let forceDeploy = false;
-            let noBackend = false;
             let appId = null;
+            let isProd = false;
 
             for (let i = 0; i < staticArgs.length; i++) {
                 const a = staticArgs[i];
                 if (a === "--force" || a === "-f") forceDeploy = true;
-                else if (a === "--no-backend") noBackend = true;
+                else if (a === "--prod") isProd = true;
                 else if (a === "--app" || a === "-a") appId = staticArgs[++i];
                 else if (!a.startsWith("-")) {
                     staticDir = a;
@@ -2009,9 +1833,21 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
 
             // gencow.json에서 appId 로드
             const gencowJsonPath = resolve(process.cwd(), "gencow.json");
-            if (!appId && existsSync(gencowJsonPath)) {
+            let prodAppId = null;
+            if (existsSync(gencowJsonPath)) {
                 const gencowJson = JSON.parse(readFileSync(gencowJsonPath, "utf8"));
-                appId = gencowJson.appId || gencowJson.appName;
+                if (!appId) appId = gencowJson.appId || gencowJson.appName;
+                prodAppId = gencowJson.prodApp || null;
+            }
+
+            // --prod: prod app 대상
+            const deployTarget = isProd ? (prodAppId || appId) : appId;
+            const envTarget = isProd ? "prod" : "dev";
+
+            if (isProd && !prodAppId) {
+                error("No production app found. Run 'gencow deploy' first to create one.");
+                info(`${DIM}For dev static deploy, omit --prod: gencow static [dir]${RESET}\n`);
+                return;
             }
 
             // displayName
@@ -2024,8 +1860,8 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
             }
             if (!displayName) displayName = basename(process.cwd());
 
-            return await this._deployStatic(creds, appId, displayName, staticDir, gencowJsonPath, {
-                forceDeploy, noBackend, envTarget: "dev",
+            return await this._deployStatic(creds, deployTarget, displayName, staticDir, gencowJsonPath, {
+                forceDeploy, noBackend: true, envTarget,
             });
         },
 
@@ -2037,10 +1873,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
             let appId = null;
             let displayName = null;
             let envTarget = "prod"; // v0.1.120: deploy = prod 기본값
-            let staticDir = null; // --static 옵션
-            let isStatic = false;
             let forceDeploy = false; // --force: skip dependency audit
-            let noBackend = false; // --no-backend: skip backend auto-deploy in --static mode
             let isRollback = false; // --rollback: rollback to previous deploy
 
             // ── subcommand 분기 (logs / status) ───────────────────
@@ -2055,17 +1888,17 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     appId = gencowJson.appId || gencowJson.appName;
                 }
                 if (!appId) {
-                    error("앱 ID를 찾을 수 없습니다. gencow.json이 있는 프로젝트 루트에서 실행하세요.");
+                    error("App not found. Run from the project root with gencow.json.");
                     process.exit(1);
                 }
 
                 if (subcmd === "logs") {
                     const lines = deployArgs.includes("-n") ? Number(deployArgs[deployArgs.indexOf("-n") + 1]) || 100 : 100;
-                    info(`"${appId}" 로그 조회 중... (최근 ${lines}줄)`);
+                    info(`Fetching logs for "${appId}"... (last ${lines} lines)`);
                     const res = await rpcQuery(creds, "apps.logs", { name: appId, lines });
                     if (!res.ok) {
                         const errData = await res.json().catch(() => ({}));
-                        error(`로그 조회 실패: ${errData.error || res.statusText}`);
+                        error(`Failed to fetch logs: ${errData.error || res.statusText}`);
                         process.exit(1);
                     }
                     const data = await res.json();
@@ -2075,29 +1908,29 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                             log(`  ${DIM}${line}${RESET}`);
                         }
                     } else {
-                        info("로그가 없습니다.");
+                        info("No logs found.");
                     }
                     return;
                 }
 
                 if (subcmd === "status") {
-                    info(`"${appId}" 상태 확인 중...`);
+                    info(`Checking "${appId}" status...`);
                     const res = await rpcQuery(creds, "apps.get", { name: appId });
                     if (!res.ok) {
                         const errData = await res.json().catch(() => ({}));
-                        error(`상태 조회 실패: ${errData.error || res.statusText}`);
+                        error(`Failed to fetch status: ${errData.error || res.statusText}`);
                         process.exit(1);
                     }
                     const data = await res.json();
                     const app = data.result || data;
                     log("");
-                    log(`  ${BOLD}앱 상태${RESET}`);
+                    log(`  ${BOLD}App Status${RESET}`);
                     log(`  ──────────────────────`);
-                    info(`이름:     ${app.name}`);
-                    info(`상태:     ${app.status === "running" ? `${GREEN}● running${RESET}` : app.status === "crashed" ? `${RED}● crashed${RESET}` : `${YELLOW}● ${app.status}${RESET}`}`);
+                    info(`Name:    ${app.name}`);
+                    info(`Status:  ${app.status === "running" ? `${GREEN}● running${RESET}` : app.status === "crashed" ? `${RED}● crashed${RESET}` : `${YELLOW}● ${app.status}${RESET}`}`);
                     info(`URL:      ${app.url || "N/A"}`);
-                    if (app.lastDeployedAt) info(`마지막 배포: ${new Date(app.lastDeployedAt).toLocaleString()}`);
-                    if (app.running !== undefined) info(`프로세스:  ${app.running ? `${GREEN}alive${RESET}` : `${RED}dead${RESET}`}`);
+                    if (app.lastDeployedAt) info(`Deployed: ${new Date(app.lastDeployedAt).toLocaleString()}`);
+                    if (app.running !== undefined) info(`Process: ${app.running ? `${GREEN}alive${RESET}` : `${RED}dead${RESET}`}`);
                     log("");
                     return;
                 }
@@ -2107,38 +1940,35 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                 const a = deployArgs[i];
                 if (a === "--prod") {
                     // deprecated: deploy는 이미 prod 기본값
-                    warn(`${YELLOW}--prod 플래그는 더 이상 필요하지 않습니다.${RESET}`);
-                    info(`gencow deploy는 기본적으로 프로덕션에 배포합니다.`);
+                    warn(`${YELLOW}--prod flag is no longer needed.${RESET}`);
+                    info(`gencow deploy targets production by default.`);
                     envTarget = "prod";
                 }
                 else if (a === "--force" || a === "-f") forceDeploy = true;
-                else if (a === "--no-backend") noBackend = true;
                 else if (a === "--rollback") isRollback = true;
                 else if (a === "--app" || a === "-a") appId = deployArgs[++i];
                 else if (a === "--static") {
-                    isStatic = true;
-                    // 다음 인자가 옵션이 아니면 디렉토리로 사용
-                    const next = deployArgs[i + 1];
-                    if (next && !next.startsWith("-")) {
-                        staticDir = next;
-                        i++;
-                    }
+                    // Deprecated: redirect to gencow static --prod
+                    warn(`${YELLOW}--static is deprecated. Use: gencow static --prod${RESET}`);
+                    return;
+                }
+                else if (a === "--no-backend") {
+                    // Deprecated: silently ignore
                 }
                 else if (!a.startsWith("-")) {
                     // 미인식 subcommand — 에러 출력
-                    error(`알 수 없는 deploy 인자: "${a}"`);
+                    error(`Unknown deploy argument: "${a}"`);
                     log("");
-                    info(`사용법: gencow deploy [옵션]`);
-                    info(`  gencow deploy              프로덕션 배포 (Pro+)`);
-                    info(`  gencow deploy --static     프로덕션 정적 배포 (Pro+)`);
-                    info(`  gencow deploy --rollback   이전 버전으로 롤백`);
-                    info(`  gencow deploy logs         서버 로그 조회`);
-                    info(`  gencow deploy status       앱 상태 확인`);
-                    info(`  gencow deploy --force      의존성 감사 스킵`);
+                    info(`Usage: gencow deploy [options]`);
+                    info(`  gencow deploy              Production backend deploy (Pro+)`);
+                    info(`  gencow deploy --rollback   Rollback to previous version`);
+                    info(`  gencow deploy logs         View server logs`);
+                    info(`  gencow deploy status       Check app status`);
+                    info(`  gencow deploy --force      Skip dependency audit`);
                     log("");
-                    info(`💡 개발 환경 배포:`);
-                    info(`  gencow dev                 백엔드 실시간 배포`);
-                    info(`  gencow static [dir]        정적 파일 배포`);
+                    info(`💡 Static files:`);
+                    info(`  gencow static [dir]        Deploy static files (dev)`);
+                    info(`  gencow static --prod       Deploy static files (production)`);
                     process.exit(1);
                 }
             }
@@ -2169,12 +1999,12 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                 // prodApp이 있으면 prod 대상 롤백, 없으면 dev 대상 롤백
                 const rollbackTarget = prodAppId || appId;
                 if (!rollbackTarget) {
-                    error("앱 ID를 찾을 수 없습니다. gencow.json이 있는 프로젝트 루트에서 실행하세요.");
+                    error("App not found. Run from the project root with gencow.json.");
                     process.exit(1);
                 }
 
                 log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}Gencow Rollback${RESET}\n`);
-                info(`앱: ${rollbackTarget}${prodAppId ? " (prod)" : ""}`);
+                info(`App: ${rollbackTarget}${prodAppId ? " (prod)" : ""}`);
                 log("");
 
                 const rollbackStartTime = Date.now();
@@ -2182,7 +2012,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                 let spinnerIdx = 0;
                 const spinner = setInterval(() => {
                     const elapsed = ((Date.now() - rollbackStartTime) / 1000).toFixed(0);
-                    process.stdout.write(`\r  ${CYAN}${spinnerFrames[spinnerIdx++ % spinnerFrames.length]}${RESET} 롤백 중... ${DIM}(${elapsed}s)${RESET}  `);
+                    process.stdout.write(`\r  ${CYAN}${spinnerFrames[spinnerIdx++ % spinnerFrames.length]}${RESET} Rolling back... ${DIM}(${elapsed}s)${RESET}  `);
                 }, 120);
 
                 const rollbackRes = await platformFetch(creds, `/platform/apps/${rollbackTarget}/rollback`, {
@@ -2195,7 +2025,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
 
                 if (!rollbackRes.ok) {
                     const errData = await rollbackRes.json().catch(() => ({}));
-                    error(`롤백 실패: ${errData.error || rollbackRes.statusText}`);
+                    error(`Rollback failed: ${errData.error || rollbackRes.statusText}`);
                     process.exit(1);
                 }
 
@@ -2203,22 +2033,16 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                 const rollbackElapsed = ((Date.now() - rollbackStartTime) / 1000).toFixed(1);
 
                 log("");
-                success(`🔄 롤백 완료! (${rollbackElapsed}s)`);
-                info(`롤백: #${rollbackData.rolledBackFrom} → #${rollbackData.rolledBackTo}`);
-                info(`번들:  ${rollbackData.bundleHash}`);
-                info(`URL:   ${rollbackData.url}`);
+                success(`🔄 Rollback complete! (${rollbackElapsed}s)`);
+                info(`Rolled back: #${rollbackData.rolledBackFrom} → #${rollbackData.rolledBackTo}`);
+                info(`Bundle: ${rollbackData.bundleHash}`);
+                info(`URL:    ${rollbackData.url}`);
                 log("");
-                warn(`ℹ️  코드만 롤백되었습니다. 데이터베이스는 변경되지 않았습니다.`);
+                warn(`ℹ️  Only code was rolled back. Database was not changed.`);
                 log("");
                 return;
             }
 
-            // ── Static Deploy 분기 ────────────────────────────────
-            if (isStatic) {
-                // prod 모드면 prodApp 대상으로 정적 배포
-                const staticTarget = (envTarget === "prod" && prodAppId) ? prodAppId : appId;
-                return await this._deployStatic(creds, staticTarget, displayName, staticDir, gencowJsonPath, { forceDeploy, noBackend, envTarget });
-            }
 
             // ── Prod 앱 자동 생성 + 배포 대상 전환 (Pro+) ──────────
             if (envTarget === "prod" && appId) {
@@ -2237,12 +2061,12 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                         });
                         rl.close();
                         if (answer.toLowerCase() !== "y") {
-                            info("배포 취소됨.");
+                            info("Deploy cancelled.");
                             return;
                         }
                     }
 
-                    info("Prod 앱 생성 중...");
+                    info("Creating prod app...");
                     const createProdRes = await platformFetch(creds, `/platform/apps/${appId}/create-prod`, {
                         method: "POST",
                         headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
@@ -2252,19 +2076,19 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                         const errData = await createProdRes.json().catch(() => ({}));
                         if (createProdRes.status === 403) {
                             log("");
-                            log(`  ${RED}⛔ Production Deploy — Pro 플랜 이상 필요${RESET}`);
+                            log(`  ${RED}⛔ Production Deploy — Pro plan or higher required${RESET}`);
                             log("");
-                            log(`  ${DIM}gencow deploy는 프로덕션 환경에 배포하는 명령어입니다.${RESET}`);
+                            log(`  ${DIM}gencow deploy is for production deployment.${RESET}`);
                             log("");
-                            log(`  ${BOLD}💡 개발 환경 배포:${RESET}`);
-                            log(`     ${GREEN}gencow dev${RESET}           ${DIM}← 백엔드 실시간 배포 + 라이브 로그${RESET}`);
-                            log(`     ${GREEN}gencow static dist/${RESET}  ${DIM}← 정적 파일(dist/) 배포${RESET}`);
+                            log(`  ${BOLD}💡 Dev environment deploy:${RESET}`);
+                            log(`     ${GREEN}gencow dev${RESET}           ${DIM}← Real-time backend + live logs${RESET}`);
+                            log(`     ${GREEN}gencow static dist/${RESET}  ${DIM}← Static file (dist/) deploy${RESET}`);
                             log("");
-                            log(`  ${BOLD}🚀 프로덕션 배포 잠금 해제:${RESET}`);
-                            log(`     ${GREEN}gencow upgrade${RESET}       ${DIM}← Pro 플랜으로 업그레이드${RESET}`);
+                            log(`  ${BOLD}🚀 Unlock production deploy:${RESET}`);
+                            log(`     ${GREEN}gencow upgrade${RESET}       ${DIM}← Upgrade to Pro plan${RESET}`);
                             log("");
                         } else {
-                            error(`Prod 앱 생성 실패: ${errData.error || createProdRes.statusText}`);
+                            error(`Prod app creation failed: ${errData.error || createProdRes.statusText}`);
                         }
                         process.exit(1);
                     }
@@ -2280,9 +2104,9 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     writeFileSync(gencowJsonPath, JSON.stringify(gencowJson, null, 2));
 
                     if (createProdData.alreadyExists) {
-                        info(`Prod 앱 확인: ${prodAppId}`);
+                        info(`Prod app verified: ${prodAppId}`);
                     } else {
-                        success(`Prod 앱 생성 완료: ${prodAppId}`);
+                        success(`Prod app created: ${prodAppId}`);
                         info(`URL: ${createProdData.url}`);
                         // 프로비저닝 대기
                         await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 3000));
@@ -2291,23 +2115,23 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
 
                 // 배포 대상을 prod 앱으로 전환
                 appId = prodAppId;
-                info(`배포 대상: ${CYAN}${appId}${RESET} (production)`);
+                info(`Deploy target: ${CYAN}${appId}${RESET} (production)`);
             }
 
             log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}Gencow Deploy${RESET}\n`);
             if (appId) {
-                info(`앱 ID: ${appId}`);
+                info(`App:    ${appId}`);
             } else {
-                info(`앱:    신규 (ID 자동 생성)`);
+                info(`App:    new (auto-generated ID)`);
             }
-            info(`환경:  ${envTarget}`);
-            info(`포맷:  tar.gz`);
+            info(`Env:    ${envTarget}`);
+            info(`Format: tar.gz`);
             log("");
 
             // 0-1. drizzle-kit generate 자동 실행 (번들링 전 migrations/ 최신화)
             {
                 const { execSync: execGen } = await import("child_process");
-                info("스키마 마이그레이션 생성 중...");
+                info("Generating schema migrations...");
                 try {
                     if (isMonorepo() && !isStandaloneProject()) {
                         // 모노레포: package.json scripts.db:generate 사용
@@ -2332,18 +2156,18 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                         msg.includes("nothing to migrate") ||
                         msg.includes("No changes detected")
                     ) {
-                        log(`${DIM}  스키마 변경 없음 — 기존 마이그레이션 유지${RESET}`);
+                        log(`${DIM}  ✓ Migrations up-to-date — no new schema changes detected${RESET}`);
                     } else {
-                        warn(`마이그레이션 생성 경고: ${msg.split("\n")[0] || "unknown"}`);
-                        warn("gencow/migrations/ 가 없거나 오래된 경우 플랫폼에서 스키마 적용이 스킵될 수 있습니다.");
-                        info("수동 실행: gencow db:generate");
+                        warn(`Migration generation warning: ${msg.split("\n")[0] || "unknown"}`);
+                        warn("gencow/migrations/ missing or outdated — platform may skip schema apply.");
+                        info("Manual run: gencow db:generate");
                     }
                 }
             }
             log("");
 
             // 1. tar.gz 패키징
-            info("프로젝트 패키징 중...");
+            info("Packaging project...");
             const { execSync: exec } = await import("child_process");
             const tmpBundle = resolve(process.cwd(), ".gencow", "deploy-bundle.tar.gz");
             mkdirSync(dirname(tmpBundle), { recursive: true });
@@ -2356,7 +2180,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
 
             // gencow/ 디렉토리 존재 확인
             if (!existsSync(resolve(process.cwd(), "gencow"))) {
-                error("gencow/ 디렉토리가 없습니다. Gencow 프로젝트 루트에서 실행하세요.");
+                error("gencow/ directory not found. Run from Gencow project root.");
                 process.exit(1);
             }
 
@@ -2373,7 +2197,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                         if (auditMsg) log(auditMsg);
                     }
                 } catch (auditErr) {
-                    warn(`의존성 검사 스킵: ${auditErr.message}`);
+                    warn(`Skipping dependency audit: ${auditErr.message}`);
                 }
             }
 
@@ -2395,7 +2219,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     const totalDeps = Object.keys(allDeps).length;
                     const runtimeCount = Object.keys(runtimeDeps).length;
                     if (totalDeps > runtimeCount) {
-                        info(`${DIM}package.json 필터링: ${runtimeCount}/${totalDeps} 패키지만 서버에 설치됩니다.${RESET}`);
+                        info(`${DIM}package.json filtered: ${runtimeCount}/${totalDeps} packages will be installed on server.${RESET}`);
                     }
                 } catch {
                     // Fallback: use original package.json
@@ -2425,7 +2249,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     exec(`COPYFILE_DISABLE=1 tar -czf "${tmpBundle}" ${filesToPack.join(" ")}`, { cwd: process.cwd() });
                 }
             } catch (e) {
-                error(`패키징 실패: ${e.message}`);
+                error(`Packaging failed: ${e.message}`);
                 process.exit(1);
             }
 
@@ -2433,7 +2257,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
             try { if (useFilteredPkg) unlinkSync(filteredPkgPath); } catch {}
 
             const bundleSize = statSync(tmpBundle).size;
-            success(`번들 생성: ${(bundleSize / 1024).toFixed(1)} KB`);
+            success(`Bundle created: ${(bundleSize / 1024).toFixed(1)} KB`);
 
             // 2-0. 번들 크기 경고 (Ph2: 리소스 미터링 — 차단 아님, 안내만)
             try {
@@ -2449,13 +2273,13 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
 
             // 2. 앱이 없으면 생성 (appId가 없는 경우)
             if (!appId) {
-                info("앱 생성 중 (ID 자동 생성)...");
+                info("Creating app (auto-generating ID)...");
 
                 const createRes = await rpcMutation(creds, "apps.create", { name: displayName });
 
                 if (!createRes.ok) {
                     const createErr = await createRes.json().catch(() => ({}));
-                    error(`앱 생성 실패: ${createErr.error || createRes.statusText}`);
+                    error(`App creation failed: ${createErr.error || createRes.statusText}`);
                     process.exit(1);
                 }
 
@@ -2463,11 +2287,11 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                 appId = createData.appId || createData.name;
 
                 if (!appId) {
-                    error("앱 생성 응답에 appId가 없습니다.");
+                    error("App creation response missing appId.");
                     process.exit(1);
                 }
 
-                success(`앱 "${appId}" 생성 완료. 프로비저닝 대기 중...`);
+                success(`App "${appId}" created. Waiting for provisioning...`);
 
                 // gencow.json 저장 (즉시)
                 writeFileSync(gencowJsonPath, JSON.stringify({
@@ -2475,7 +2299,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     displayName,
                     platformUrl: creds.platformUrl,
                 }, null, 2));
-                info(`${DIM}gencow.json 생성됨 (appId: ${appId})${RESET}`);
+                info(`${DIM}gencow.json created (appId: ${appId})${RESET}`);
 
                 await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 3000));
             }
@@ -2489,7 +2313,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
             let spinnerIdx = 0;
             const spinner = setInterval(() => {
                 const elapsed = ((Date.now() - deployStartTime) / 1000).toFixed(0);
-                process.stdout.write(`\r  ${CYAN}${spinnerFrames[spinnerIdx++ % spinnerFrames.length]}${RESET} 배포 중... ${DIM}(${elapsed}s)${RESET}  `);
+                process.stdout.write(`\r  ${CYAN}${spinnerFrames[spinnerIdx++ % spinnerFrames.length]}${RESET} Deploying... ${DIM}(${elapsed}s)${RESET}  `);
             }, 120);
 
             const deployRes = await platformFetch(creds, `/platform/apps/${appId}/deploy?env=${envTarget}`, {
@@ -2512,19 +2336,19 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
 
                 // 앱이 없으면 (appId가 stale한 경우) 새로 생성 후 재시도
                 if (deployRes.status === 404) {
-                    warn(`앱 "${appId}"을 찾을 수 없습니다. 새로 생성합니다...`);
+                    warn(`App "${appId}" not found. Creating new one...`);
 
                     const createRes = await rpcMutation(creds, "apps.create", { name: displayName });
 
                     if (!createRes.ok) {
                         const createErr = await createRes.json().catch(() => ({}));
-                        error(`앱 생성 실패: ${createErr.error || createRes.statusText}`);
+                        error(`App creation failed: ${createErr.error || createRes.statusText}`);
                         process.exit(1);
                     }
 
                     const createData = await createRes.json();
                     appId = createData.appId || createData.name;
-                    success(`앱 "${appId}" 생성 완료. 프로비저닝 대기 중...`);
+                    success(`App "${appId}" created. Provisioning...`);
 
                     // gencow.json 업데이트
                     writeFileSync(gencowJsonPath, JSON.stringify({
@@ -2536,7 +2360,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 3000));
 
                     // 재배포
-                    info("재배포 시도...");
+                    info("Retrying deploy...");
                     exec(`COPYFILE_DISABLE=1 tar -czf "${tmpBundle}" ${filesToPack.join(" ")}`, { cwd: process.cwd() });
                     const retryBuffer = readFileSync(tmpBundle);
 
@@ -2544,7 +2368,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     let retrySpinnerIdx = 0;
                     const retrySpinner = setInterval(() => {
                         const elapsed = ((Date.now() - retryStartTime) / 1000).toFixed(0);
-                        process.stdout.write(`\r  ${CYAN}${spinnerFrames[retrySpinnerIdx++ % spinnerFrames.length]}${RESET} 배포 중... ${DIM}(${elapsed}s)${RESET}  `);
+                        process.stdout.write(`\r  ${CYAN}${spinnerFrames[retrySpinnerIdx++ % spinnerFrames.length]}${RESET} Deploying... ${DIM}(${elapsed}s)${RESET}  `);
                     }, 120);
 
                     const retryRes = await platformFetch(creds, `/platform/apps/${appId}/deploy?env=${envTarget}`, {
@@ -2562,10 +2386,10 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
 
                     if (!retryRes.ok) {
                         const retryErr = await retryRes.json().catch(() => ({}));
-                        error(`배포 실패: ${retryErr.error || retryRes.statusText}`);
+                        error(`Deploy failed: ${retryErr.error || retryRes.statusText}`);
                         if (retryErr.crashLogs?.length) {
                             log("");
-                            warn("서버 시작 실패 원인:");
+                             warn("Server startup failure:");
                             for (const line of retryErr.crashLogs) log(`  ${DIM}${line}${RESET}`);
                         }
                         process.exit(1);
@@ -2574,14 +2398,14 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     const retryData = await retryRes.json();
                     const retryElapsed = ((Date.now() - retryStartTime) / 1000).toFixed(1);
                     log("");
-                    success(`서버 빌드 완료! (${retryElapsed}s)`);
+                    success(`Server build complete! (${retryElapsed}s)`);
 
                     // Health check — 앱 URL로 실제 응답 확인
                     if (retryData.url) {
                         await this._verifyAppReady(retryData.url, appId);
                     }
 
-                    info(`앱 ID: ${appId}`);
+                    info(`App ID: ${appId}`);
                     info(`URL:   ${retryData.url}`);
                     info(`Hash:  ${retryData.bundleHash}`);
                     updateEnvLocalUrl(retryData.url);
@@ -2589,10 +2413,10 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     return;
                 }
 
-                error(`배포 실패: ${errData.error || deployRes.statusText}`);
+                error(`Deploy failed: ${errData.error || deployRes.statusText}`);
                 if (errData.crashLogs?.length) {
                     log("");
-                    warn("서버 시작 실패 원인:");
+                    warn("Server startup failure cause:");
                     for (const line of errData.crashLogs) log(`  ${DIM}${line}${RESET}`);
                 }
                 process.exit(1);
@@ -2602,14 +2426,14 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
             const deployElapsed = ((Date.now() - deployStartTime) / 1000).toFixed(1);
 
             log("");
-            success(`서버 빌드 완료! (${deployElapsed}s)`);
+            success(`Server build complete! (${deployElapsed}s)`);
 
             // Health check — 앱 URL로 실제 응답 확인 (Blue-Green은 서버에서 완료됐지만, edge case 방어)
             if (deployData.url) {
                 await this._verifyAppReady(deployData.url, appId);
             }
 
-            info(`앱 ID: ${appId}`);
+            info(`App ID: ${appId}`);
             info(`URL:   ${deployData.url}`);
             info(`Hash:  ${deployData.bundleHash}`);
             if (deployData.deployId) info(`ID:    ${deployData.deployId}`);
@@ -2623,7 +2447,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     displayName,
                     platformUrl: creds.platformUrl,
                 }, null, 2));
-                info(`${DIM}gencow.json 생성됨${RESET}`);
+                info(`${DIM}gencow.json created${RESET}`);
             }
         },
 
@@ -2643,7 +2467,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
             // health check 스피너
             const healthSpinner = setInterval(() => {
                 const elapsed = ((Date.now() - start) / 1000).toFixed(0);
-                process.stdout.write(`\r  ${CYAN}${spinnerFrames[idx++ % spinnerFrames.length]}${RESET} 앱 준비 확인 중... ${DIM}(${elapsed}s)${RESET}  `);
+                process.stdout.write(`\r  ${CYAN}${spinnerFrames[idx++ % spinnerFrames.length]}${RESET} Checking app readiness... ${DIM}(${elapsed}s)${RESET}  `);
             }, 120);
 
             let healthy = false;
@@ -2669,10 +2493,10 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
 
             const healthElapsed = ((Date.now() - start) / 1000).toFixed(1);
             if (healthy) {
-                success(`앱 Ready! (${healthElapsed}s)`);
+                success(`App Ready! (${healthElapsed}s)`);
             } else {
-                warn(`앱 응답 확인 실패 (${healthElapsed}s). 서버가 시작 중일 수 있습니다.`);
-                info(`수동 확인: ${CYAN}${appUrl}${RESET}`);
+                warn(`App response check failed (${healthElapsed}s). Server may still be starting.`);
+                info(`Manual check: ${CYAN}${appUrl}${RESET}`);
             }
         },
 
@@ -2695,9 +2519,9 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
             }
 
             if (!targetDir || !existsSync(resolve(process.cwd(), targetDir))) {
-                error(`정적 파일 폴더를 찾을 수 없습니다.`);
-                info(`자동 감지 순서: ${AUTO_DETECT.join(", ")}`);
-                info(`수동 지정: gencow static <dir>`);
+                error(`Static files directory not found.`);
+                info(`Auto-detect order: ${AUTO_DETECT.join(", ")}`);
+                info(`Specify manually: gencow static <dir>`);
                 process.exit(1);
             }
 
@@ -2748,22 +2572,22 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
             const shouldDeployBackend = detectedBackend && !noBackend && !isBackendEmpty;
 
             if (isBackendEmpty && detectedBackend) {
-                info(`${DIM}gencow/ 감지됨 — API 함수(query/mutation) 없음 → 백엔드 배포 건너뜀${RESET}`);
-                info(`${DIM}💡 백엔드가 필요하면 gencow/ 내 .ts 파일에 query() 또는 mutation()을 정의하세요.${RESET}`);
+                info(`${DIM}gencow/ detected — no API functions (query/mutation) found → skipping backend deploy${RESET}`);
+                info(`${DIM}💡 If you need a backend, define query() or mutation() in gencow/*.ts files.${RESET}`);
             }
 
             if (shouldDeployBackend) {
                 log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}Gencow Deploy (Fullstack)${RESET}\n`);
-                info(`백엔드 감지: ${backendRoot === process.cwd() ? "gencow/" : resolve(backendRoot, "gencow/")} (자동 배포)`);
-                info(`프론트엔드: ${targetDir}/`);
+                info(`Backend detected: ${backendRoot === process.cwd() ? "gencow/" : resolve(backendRoot, "gencow/")} (auto-deploy)`);
+                info(`Frontend: ${targetDir}/`);
             } else {
                 log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}Gencow Static Deploy${RESET}\n`);
-                info(`폴더:  ${targetDir}/`);
+                info(`Directory:  ${targetDir}/`);
             }
             if (appId) {
-                info(`앱 ID: ${appId}`);
+                info(`App ID: ${appId}`);
             } else {
-                info(`앱:    신규 (ID 자동 생성)`);
+                info(`App:    new (ID auto-generated)`);
             }
             log("");
 
@@ -2795,23 +2619,23 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     }
                     if (apiRefFiles.length > 0) {
                         log("");
-                        warn(`빌드 파일에서 API 참조가 발견되었습니다:`);
+                        warn(`API references found in build files:`);
                         for (const f of apiRefFiles.slice(0, 5)) log(`    ${DIM}- ${f}${RESET}`);
-                        if (apiRefFiles.length > 5) log(`    ${DIM}... 외 ${apiRefFiles.length - 5}개${RESET}`);
+                        if (apiRefFiles.length > 5) log(`    ${DIM}... and ${apiRefFiles.length - 5} more${RESET}`);
                         log("");
-                        warn(`정적 호스팅에는 API 서버가 없어 404가 발생합니다.`);
-                        info(`💡 백엔드가 필요하다면: ${CYAN}VITE_API_URL=https://{backend}.{도메인} npm run build${RESET} 후 배포`);
-                        info(`💡 별도 백엔드를 사용한다면: ${CYAN}VITE_API_URL${RESET} 환경변수로 빌드 대상을 지정하세요.`);
+                        warn(`Static hosting has no API server — these will return 404.`);
+                        info(`💡 If you need a backend: ${CYAN}VITE_API_URL=https://{backend}.{domain} npm run build${RESET} then deploy`);
+                        info(`💡 If using a separate backend: set ${CYAN}VITE_API_URL${RESET} env var before building.`);
                         log("");
 
                         const { createInterface } = await import("readline");
                         const rl = createInterface({ input: process.stdin, output: process.stdout });
                         const answer = await new Promise(resolve => {
-                            rl.question(`  ${YELLOW}⚠${RESET} 그래도 정적 배포를 계속하시겠습니까? (y/N) `, resolve);
+                            rl.question(`  ${YELLOW}⚠${RESET} Proceed with static deploy anyway? (y/N) `, resolve);
                         });
                         rl.close();
                         if (answer.toLowerCase() !== "y") {
-                            info("배포 취소됨.");
+                            info("Deploy cancelled.");
                             return;
                         }
                         log("");
@@ -2821,7 +2645,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
 
             // ── 백엔드 자동 배포 (감지된 경우) ────────────────────
             if (shouldDeployBackend) {
-                log(`  ${BOLD}── 백엔드 배포 ──────────────────────${RESET}\n`);
+                log(`  ${BOLD}── Backend Deploy ──────────────────────${RESET}\n`);
 
                 // 1-0. Pre-deploy dependency audit + Phase B: filter package.json
                 let auditResult = null;
@@ -2835,7 +2659,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                             if (auditMsg) log(auditMsg);
                         }
                     } catch (auditErr) {
-                        warn(`의존성 검사 스킵: ${auditErr.message}`);
+                        warn(`Dependency audit skipped: ${auditErr.message}`);
                     }
                 }
 
@@ -2843,7 +2667,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                 // 서버에서 generate 시 stdin이 없어 rename 프롬프트에 막히던 문제 해결
                 const schemaPath = resolve(backendRoot, "gencow", "schema.ts");
                 if (existsSync(schemaPath)) {
-                    info("스키마 마이그레이션 생성 중...");
+                    info("Generating schema migrations...");
                     try {
                         const dk = _drizzleKitCmd("generate");
                         execSync(dk.cmd, {
@@ -2851,20 +2675,20 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                             env: { ...process.env, ...dk.env },
                             stdio: "inherit",  // ← 프롬프트 패스스루!
                         });
-                        success("마이그레이션 생성 완료");
+                        success("Migrations generated");
                     } catch (e) {
                         const msg = e.stderr?.toString() || e.message || "";
                         if (msg.includes("No schema changes") || msg.includes("nothing to migrate") || msg.includes("No changes detected")) {
-                            log(`${DIM}  스키마 변경 없음 — 기존 마이그레이션 사용${RESET}`);
+                            log(`${DIM}  ✓ Migrations up-to-date — no new schema changes detected${RESET}`);
                         } else {
-                            warn(`마이그레이션 생성 실패: ${msg.split("\\n")[0]}`);
-                            info("서버에서 기존 방식으로 스키마 적용을 시도합니다.");
+                            warn(`Migration generation failed: ${msg.split("\\n")[0]}`);
+                            info("Will attempt schema push via server.");
                         }
                     }
                 }
 
                 // 1. tar.gz 패키징 (백엔드)
-                info("백엔드 패키징 중...");
+                info("Packaging backend...");
                 const { execSync: exec } = await import("child_process");
                 const tmpBackendBundle = resolve(backendRoot, ".gencow", "deploy-bundle.tar.gz");
                 mkdirSync(dirname(tmpBackendBundle), { recursive: true });
@@ -2892,7 +2716,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                         const totalDeps = Object.keys(allDeps).length;
                         const runtimeCount = Object.keys(runtimeDeps).length;
                         if (totalDeps > runtimeCount) {
-                            info(`${DIM}package.json 필터링: ${runtimeCount}/${totalDeps} 패키지만 서버에 설치됩니다.${RESET}`);
+                            info(`${DIM}package.json filtered: ${runtimeCount}/${totalDeps} packages will be installed on server.${RESET}`);
                         }
                     } catch {
                         useFilteredPkg = false;
@@ -2921,34 +2745,34 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                         exec(`COPYFILE_DISABLE=1 tar -czf "${tmpBackendBundle}" ${backendFiles.join(" ")}`, { cwd: backendRoot });
                     }
                 } catch (e) {
-                    error(`백엔드 패키징 실패: ${e.message}`);
+                    error(`Backend packaging failed: ${e.message}`);
                     process.exit(1);
                 }
                 try { if (useFilteredPkg) unlinkSync(filteredPkgPath); } catch {}
 
                 const backendBundleSize = statSync(tmpBackendBundle).size;
-                success(`백엔드 번들 생성: ${(backendBundleSize / 1024).toFixed(1)} KB`);
+                success(`Backend bundle created: ${(backendBundleSize / 1024).toFixed(1)} KB`);
 
                 // 2. 앱이 없으면 생성
                 if (!appId) {
-                    info("앱 생성 중 (ID 자동 생성)...");
+                    info("Creating app (auto-generating ID)...");
                     const createRes = await rpcMutation(creds, "apps.create", { name: displayName });
                     if (!createRes.ok) {
                         const createErr = await createRes.json().catch(() => ({}));
-                        error(`앱 생성 실패: ${createErr.error || createRes.statusText}`);
+                        error(`App creation failed: ${createErr.error || createRes.statusText}`);
                         process.exit(1);
                     }
                     const createData = await createRes.json();
                     appId = createData.appId || createData.name;
                     if (!appId) {
-                        error("앱 생성 응답에 appId가 없습니다.");
+                        error("App creation response missing appId.");
                         process.exit(1);
                     }
-                    success(`앱 "${appId}" 생성 완료. 프로비저닝 대기 중...`);
+                    success(`App "${appId}" created. Provisioning...`);
                     writeFileSync(gencowJsonPath, JSON.stringify({
                         appId, displayName, platformUrl: creds.platformUrl,
                     }, null, 2));
-                    info(`${DIM}gencow.json 생성됨 (appId: ${appId})${RESET}`);
+                    info(`${DIM}gencow.json created (appId: ${appId})${RESET}`);
                     await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 3000));
                 }
 
@@ -2961,7 +2785,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                 let spinnerIdx = 0;
                 const backendSpinner = setInterval(() => {
                     const elapsed = ((Date.now() - backendStartTime) / 1000).toFixed(0);
-                    process.stdout.write(`\r  ${CYAN}${spinnerFrames[spinnerIdx++ % spinnerFrames.length]}${RESET} 백엔드 배포 중... ${DIM}(${elapsed}s)${RESET}  `);
+                    process.stdout.write(`\r  ${CYAN}${spinnerFrames[spinnerIdx++ % spinnerFrames.length]}${RESET} Deploying backend... ${DIM}(${elapsed}s)${RESET}  `);
                 }, 120);
 
                 const backendDeployRes = await platformFetch(creds, `/platform/apps/${appId}/deploy?env=${envTarget}`, {
@@ -2976,24 +2800,24 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
 
                 if (!backendDeployRes.ok) {
                     const errData = await backendDeployRes.json().catch(() => ({}));
-                    error(`백엔드 배포 실패: ${errData.error || backendDeployRes.statusText}`);
+                    error(`Backend deploy failed: ${errData.error || backendDeployRes.statusText}`);
                     if (errData.crashLogs?.length) {
                         log("");
-                        warn("서버 시작 실패 원인:");
+                        warn("Server startup failure:");
                         for (const line of errData.crashLogs) log(`  ${DIM}${line}${RESET}`);
                     }
                     if (targetDir) {
                         // --static 모드: 백엔드 실패해도 프론트엔드 배포는 계속 진행
-                        warn("백엔드 배포 실패 — 정적 파일 배포는 계속 진행합니다.");
+                        warn("Backend deploy failed — continuing with static deploy.");
                         log("");
                     } else {
-                        error("백엔드 배포 실패로 프론트엔드 배포를 건너뜁니다.");
+                        error("Backend deploy failed, skipping frontend deploy.");
                         process.exit(1);
                     }
                 } else {
                     const backendData = await backendDeployRes.json();
                     const backendElapsed = ((Date.now() - backendStartTime) / 1000).toFixed(1);
-                    success(`백엔드 빌드 완료! (${backendElapsed}s)`);
+                    success(`Backend build complete! (${backendElapsed}s)`);
 
                     // Health check — 백엔드 앱 URL로 실제 응답 확인
                     if (backendData.url) {
@@ -3005,11 +2829,11 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     updateEnvLocalUrl(backendData.url);
                     log("");
                 }
-                log(`  ${BOLD}── 프론트엔드 배포 ──────────────────${RESET}\n`);
+                log(`  ${BOLD}── Frontend Deploy ──────────────────${RESET}\n`);
             }
 
             // 1. tar.gz 패키징
-            info("정적 파일 패키징 중...");
+            info("Packaging static files...");
             const { execSync: exec } = await import("child_process");
             const tmpBundle = resolve(process.cwd(), ".gencow", "static-bundle.tar.gz");
             mkdirSync(dirname(tmpBundle), { recursive: true });
@@ -3017,40 +2841,40 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
             try {
                 exec(`COPYFILE_DISABLE=1 tar -czf "${tmpBundle}" -C "${resolve(process.cwd(), targetDir)}" .`, { cwd: process.cwd() });
             } catch (e) {
-                error(`패키징 실패: ${e.message}`);
+                error(`Packaging failed: ${e.message}`);
                 process.exit(1);
             }
 
             const bundleSize = statSync(tmpBundle).size;
             const MAX_SIZE = 100 * 1024 * 1024;
             if (bundleSize > MAX_SIZE) {
-                error(`번들이 너무 큽니다: ${(bundleSize / (1024 * 1024)).toFixed(1)} MB (최대 100 MB)`);
+                error(`Bundle too large: ${(bundleSize / (1024 * 1024)).toFixed(1)} MB (max 100 MB)`);
                 try { unlinkSync(tmpBundle); } catch { }
                 process.exit(1);
             }
-            success(`번들 생성: ${(bundleSize / 1024).toFixed(1)} KB`);
+            success(`Bundle created: ${(bundleSize / 1024).toFixed(1)} KB`);
 
             // 2. 앱이 없으면 생성
             if (!appId) {
-                info("앱 생성 중 (ID 자동 생성)...");
+                info("Creating app (auto-generating ID)...");
                 const createRes = await rpcMutation(creds, "apps.create", { name: displayName });
                 if (!createRes.ok) {
                     const createErr = await createRes.json().catch(() => ({}));
-                    error(`앱 생성 실패: ${createErr.error || createRes.statusText}`);
+                    error(`App creation failed: ${createErr.error || createRes.statusText}`);
                     process.exit(1);
                 }
                 const createData = await createRes.json();
                 appId = createData.appId || createData.name;
-                success(`앱 "${appId}" 생성 완료. 프로비저닝 대기 중...`);
+                success(`App "${appId}" created. Provisioning...`);
                 writeFileSync(gencowJsonPath, JSON.stringify({
                     appId, displayName, platformUrl: creds.platformUrl,
                 }, null, 2));
-                info(`${DIM}gencow.json 생성됨 (appId: ${appId})${RESET}`);
+                info(`${DIM}gencow.json created (appId: ${appId})${RESET}`);
                 await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 3000));
             }
 
             // 3. 업로드
-            info("정적 파일 배포 중...");
+            info("Deploying static files...");
             const bundleBuffer = readFileSync(tmpBundle);
 
             const deployRes = await platformFetch(creds, `/platform/apps/${appId}/deploy-static`, {
@@ -3063,22 +2887,22 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
 
             if (!deployRes.ok) {
                 const errData = await deployRes.json().catch(() => ({}));
-                error(`정적 배포 실패: ${errData.error || deployRes.statusText}`);
+                error(`Static deploy failed: ${errData.error || deployRes.statusText}`);
                 process.exit(1);
             }
 
             const data = await deployRes.json();
             log("");
-            success(`정적 배포 완료!`);
-            info(`앱 ID: ${appId}`);
+            success(`Static deploy complete!`);
+            info(`App ID: ${appId}`);
             info(`URL:   ${data.url}`);
-            info(`파일:  ${data.files}개 (${(data.size / 1024).toFixed(1)} KB)`);
+            info(`Files: ${data.files} (${(data.size / 1024).toFixed(1)} KB)`);
             info(`Hash:  ${data.bundleHash}`);
             if (data.deployId) info(`ID:    ${data.deployId}`);
 
             // 이미지 최적화 결과 표시
             if (data.optimizedImages) {
-                success(`🖼  ${data.optimizedImages}개 이미지 WebP 최적화 (절약: ${(data.savedBytes / 1024).toFixed(1)} KB)`);
+                success(`🖼  ${data.optimizedImages} images optimized to WebP (saved: ${(data.savedBytes / 1024).toFixed(1)} KB)`);
             }
 
             // skipped 파일 경고 표시
@@ -3131,12 +2955,12 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
 
             // --prod인데 prod 앱이 없는 경우
             if (envTarget === "prod" && appId && !appId.endsWith("-prod")) {
-                error("Prod 앱이 아직 없습니다. gencow deploy를 먼저 실행하세요.");
+                error("No prod app yet. Run gencow deploy first.");
                 return;
             }
 
             if (!appId) {
-                error("앱 ID를 찾을 수 없습니다. gencow deploy를 먼저 실행하세요.");
+                error("App ID not found. Run gencow deploy first.");
                 return;
             }
 
@@ -3148,13 +2972,13 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                         { headers: { "Authorization": `Bearer ${creds.apiKey}` } }
                     );
                     if (!res.ok) {
-                        error(`환경변수 조회 실패: ${(await res.json().catch(() => ({}))).error || res.statusText}`);
+                        error(`Failed to list env vars: ${(await res.json().catch(() => ({}))).error || res.statusText}`);
                         return;
                     }
                     const vars = await res.json();
-                    log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}환경변수${RESET} — ${appId} (${envTarget})\n`);
+                    log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}Environment Variables${RESET} — ${appId} (${envTarget})\n`);
                     if (vars.length === 0) {
-                        info("설정된 환경변수가 없습니다.");
+                        info("No environment variables configured.");
                     } else {
                         for (const v of vars) {
                             log(`  ${v.key}`);
@@ -3168,7 +2992,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     // gencow env set KEY=VALUE [KEY2=VALUE2...]
                     const kvPairs = restArgs.filter(a => a.includes("=") && !a.startsWith("-"));
                     if (kvPairs.length === 0) {
-                        error("사용법: gencow env set KEY=VALUE [KEY2=VALUE2...]");
+                        error("Usage: gencow env set KEY=VALUE [KEY2=VALUE2...]");
                         return;
                     }
 
@@ -3189,9 +3013,9 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                         );
 
                         if (res.ok) {
-                            success(`${key} 설정 완료 (${envTarget})`);
+                            success(`${key} configured (${envTarget})`);
                         } else {
-                            error(`${key} 설정 실패`);
+                            error(`${key} configuration failed`);
                         }
                     }
                     break;
@@ -3201,7 +3025,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                 case "remove": {
                     const keys = restArgs.filter(a => !a.startsWith("-"));
                     if (keys.length === 0) {
-                        error("사용법: gencow env unset KEY [KEY2...]");
+                        error("Usage: gencow env unset KEY [KEY2...]");
                         return;
                     }
 
@@ -3215,9 +3039,9 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                         );
 
                         if (res.ok) {
-                            success(`${key} 삭제 완료`);
+                            success(`${key} removed`);
                         } else {
-                            error(`${key} 삭제 실패`);
+                            error(`${key} removal failed`);
                         }
                     }
                     break;
@@ -3227,7 +3051,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     // 로컬 .env 파일 → 리모트 일괄 push
                     const envFile = resolve(process.cwd(), envTarget === "prod" ? ".env.production" : ".env");
                     if (!existsSync(envFile)) {
-                        error(`${envFile} 파일을 찾을 수 없습니다.`);
+                        error(`${envFile} not found.`);
                         return;
                     }
 
@@ -3241,7 +3065,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     }
 
                     const count = Object.keys(vars).length;
-                    info(`${count}개 환경변수를 ${appId} (${envTarget})에 push합니다...`);
+                    info(`Pushing ${count} env vars to ${appId} (${envTarget})...`);
 
                     const res = await fetch(
                         `${creds.platformUrl}/platform/apps/${appId}/env/bulk`,
@@ -3256,16 +3080,16 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     );
 
                     if (res.ok) {
-                        success(`${count}개 환경변수 push 완료`);
+                        success(`${count} env vars pushed`);
                     } else {
-                        error(`push 실패: ${(await res.json().catch(() => ({}))).error}`);
+                        error(`Push failed: ${(await res.json().catch(() => ({}))).error}`);
                     }
                     break;
                 }
 
                 default:
-                    error(`알 수 없는 하위 명령: ${subCmd}`);
-                    info("사용법: gencow env [list|set|unset|push] ...");
+                    error(`Unknown subcommand: ${subCmd}`);
+                    info("Usage: gencow env [list|set|unset|push] ...");
             }
         },
 
@@ -3275,8 +3099,9 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
             const subCmd = configArgs[0] || "help";
             const restArgs = configArgs.slice(1);
 
-            // 앱 ID 결정
+            // Resolve appId + --prod support
             let appId = null;
+            const isProd = restArgs.includes("--prod");
             for (let i = 0; i < restArgs.length; i++) {
                 if (restArgs[i] === "--app" || restArgs[i] === "-a") appId = restArgs[++i];
             }
@@ -3286,22 +3111,31 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                 if (existsSync(gencowJsonPath)) {
                     const gencowJson = JSON.parse(readFileSync(gencowJsonPath, "utf8"));
                     appId = gencowJson.appId || gencowJson.appName;
+                    if (isProd && gencowJson.prodApp) {
+                        appId = gencowJson.prodApp;
+                    }
                 }
             }
 
             if (subCmd === "help" || subCmd === "--help" || subCmd === "-h") {
-                log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}gencow config${RESET} — 앱 설정 관리\n`);
-                log(`  ${CYAN}set${RESET} image.maxWidth <값>   Auto WebP 최대 폭 (px)`);
-                log(`  ${CYAN}set${RESET} image.quality <값>    Auto WebP 품질 (1-100)`);
-                log(`  ${CYAN}get${RESET} image                 현재 이미지 설정 조회`);
-                log(`  ${CYAN}reset${RESET} image               이미지 설정 초기화 (Tier 기본값)\n`);
-                log(`  ${DIM}옵션:${RESET}`);
-                log(`    ${DIM}--app, -a <앱이름>  대상 앱 지정 (기본: gencow.json)${RESET}\n`);
+                log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}gencow config${RESET} — App configuration\n`);
+                log(`  ${CYAN}set${RESET} image.maxWidth <value>   Auto WebP max width (px)`);
+                log(`  ${CYAN}set${RESET} image.quality <value>    Auto WebP quality (1-100)`);
+                log(`  ${CYAN}get${RESET} image                    Show current image config`);
+                log(`  ${CYAN}reset${RESET} image                  Reset to tier defaults\n`);
+                log(`  ${DIM}Options:${RESET}`);
+                log(`    ${DIM}--app, -a <name>  Target app (default: from gencow.json)${RESET}`);
+                log(`    ${DIM}--prod            Target production app${RESET}\n`);
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (isProd && appId && !appId.endsWith("-prod")) {
+                error("Prod app not found. Run 'gencow deploy' first to create a prod app.");
                 return;
             }
 
             if (!appId) {
-                error("앱 ID를 찾을 수 없습니다. gencow deploy를 먼저 실행하세요.");
+                error("App not found. Run 'gencow dev' first.");
                 return;
             }
 
@@ -3311,7 +3145,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     const val = restArgs[restArgs.indexOf(key) + 1];
 
                     if (!key || val === undefined) {
-                        error("사용법: gencow config set image.maxWidth <값>");
+                        error("Usage: gencow config set image.maxWidth <value>");
                         return;
                     }
 
@@ -3319,34 +3153,34 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     if (key === "image.maxWidth" || key === "image.max-width") {
                         const v = parseInt(val);
                         if (isNaN(v) || v < 0 || v > 10000) {
-                            error("maxWidth는 0~10000 사이의 값이어야 합니다. (0 = 리셋)");
+                            error("maxWidth must be between 0 and 10000 (0 = reset)");
                             return;
                         }
                         imageConfig.autoMaxWidth = v;
                     } else if (key === "image.quality") {
                         const v = parseInt(val);
                         if (isNaN(v) || v < 0 || v > 100) {
-                            error("quality는 0~100 사이의 값이어야 합니다. (0 = 리셋)");
+                            error("quality must be between 0 and 100 (0 = reset)");
                             return;
                         }
                         imageConfig.autoQuality = v;
                     } else {
-                        error(`알 수 없는 설정 키: ${key}`);
-                        info("사용 가능: image.maxWidth, image.quality");
+                        error(`Unknown config key: ${key}`);
+                        info("Available: image.maxWidth, image.quality");
                         return;
                     }
 
                     const res = await rpcMutation(creds, "apps.updateImageConfig", { name: appId, imageConfig });
                     if (res.ok) {
                         const data = await res.json();
-                        success(`${key} = ${val} 설정 완료`);
+                        success(`${key} = ${val} configured`);
                         if (data.imageConfig) {
-                            info(`현재 설정: ${JSON.stringify(data.imageConfig)}`);
+                            info(`Current config: ${JSON.stringify(data.imageConfig)}`);
                         }
-                        info(`${DIM}※ 다음 이미지 요청부터 적용됩니다. 기존 캐시는 별도 키로 저장됩니다.${RESET}`);
+                        info(`${DIM}Takes effect on next image request. Existing cached images use separate keys.${RESET}`);
                     } else {
                         const errData = await res.json().catch(() => ({}));
-                        error(`설정 실패: ${errData.error || res.statusText}`);
+                        error(`Config update failed: ${errData.error || res.statusText}`);
                     }
                     break;
                 }
@@ -3354,24 +3188,24 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                 case "get": {
                     const key = restArgs.find(a => !a.startsWith("-"));
                     if (key && key !== "image") {
-                        error(`알 수 없는 설정 키: ${key}`);
-                        info("사용 가능: image");
+                        error(`Unknown config key: ${key}`);
+                        info("Available: image");
                         return;
                     }
 
                     const res = await rpcQuery(creds, "apps.getImageConfig", { name: appId });
                     if (res.ok) {
                         const config = await res.json();
-                        log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}이미지 설정${RESET} — ${appId}\n`);
+                        log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}Image Config${RESET} — ${appId}\n`);
                         if (Object.keys(config).length === 0) {
-                            info("커스텀 설정 없음 (Tier 기본값 사용)");
+                            info("No custom config (using tier defaults)");
                         } else {
                             if (config.autoMaxWidth) log(`  ${GREEN}autoMaxWidth${RESET}  ${config.autoMaxWidth} px`);
                             if (config.autoQuality) log(`  ${GREEN}autoQuality${RESET}   ${config.autoQuality}`);
                         }
                         log("");
                     } else {
-                        error("설정 조회 실패");
+                        error("Failed to get config");
                     }
                     break;
                 }
@@ -3379,7 +3213,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                 case "reset": {
                     const key = restArgs.find(a => !a.startsWith("-"));
                     if (key && key !== "image") {
-                        error(`알 수 없는 설정 키: ${key}`);
+                        error(`Unknown config key: ${key}`);
                         return;
                     }
 
@@ -3389,16 +3223,16 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                         imageConfig: { autoMaxWidth: 0, autoQuality: 0 },
                     });
                     if (res.ok) {
-                        success("이미지 설정 초기화 완료 (Tier 기본값 사용)");
+                        success("Image config reset (using tier defaults)");
                     } else {
-                        error("초기화 실패");
+                        error("Reset failed");
                     }
                     break;
                 }
 
                 default:
-                    error(`알 수 없는 하위 명령: ${subCmd}`);
-                    info("사용법: gencow config [set|get|reset] ...");
+                    error(`Unknown subcommand: ${subCmd}`);
+                    info("Usage: gencow config [set|get|reset] ...");
             }
         },
 
@@ -3407,29 +3241,32 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
             const subCmd = filesArgs[0] || "help";
             const restArgs = filesArgs.slice(1);
 
-            // help는 인증/앱 정보 없이도 표시
+            // help
             if (subCmd === "help" || subCmd === "--help" || subCmd === "-h") {
-                log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}gencow files${RESET} — 파일 관리\n`);
-                log(`  ${CYAN}upload${RESET} <경로...> [--recursive|-r]  파일 업로드`);
-                log(`  ${CYAN}list${RESET}                              파일 목록`);
-                log(`  ${CYAN}delete${RESET} <storage_id> [--yes|-y]     파일 삭제`);
-                log(`  ${CYAN}url${RESET}    <storage_id>               서빙 URL 출력`);
-                log(`\n  ${DIM}옵션:${RESET}`);
-                log(`    ${DIM}--app, -a <앱이름>  대상 앱 지정 (기본: gencow.json)${RESET}\n`);
+                log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}gencow files${RESET} — File management\n`);
+                log(`  ${CYAN}upload${RESET} <path...> [--recursive|-r]  Upload files`);
+                log(`  ${CYAN}list${RESET}                              List uploaded files`);
+                log(`  ${CYAN}delete${RESET} <storage_id> [--yes|-y]     Delete a file`);
+                log(`  ${CYAN}url${RESET}    <storage_id>               Get serving URL`);
+                log(`\n  ${DIM}Options:${RESET}`);
+                log(`    ${DIM}--app, -a <name>  Target app (default: from gencow.json)${RESET}`);
+                log(`    ${DIM}--prod            Target production app${RESET}\n`);
                 return;
             }
 
             const creds = requireCreds();
 
-            // 앱 ID 결정 + --app 플래그 위치 추적 (paths 필터링용)
+            // Resolve appId + track --app/--prod flag positions
             let appId = null;
-            const flagIndices = new Set(); // --app와 그 값의 인덱스
+            const isProd = restArgs.includes("--prod");
+            const flagIndices = new Set();
             for (let i = 0; i < restArgs.length; i++) {
                 if (restArgs[i] === "--app" || restArgs[i] === "-a") {
                     flagIndices.add(i);
                     flagIndices.add(i + 1);
                     appId = restArgs[++i];
                 }
+                if (restArgs[i] === "--prod") flagIndices.add(i);
             }
 
             if (!appId) {
@@ -3437,11 +3274,19 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                 if (existsSync(gencowJsonPath)) {
                     const gencowJson = JSON.parse(readFileSync(gencowJsonPath, "utf8"));
                     appId = gencowJson.appId || gencowJson.appName;
+                    if (isProd && gencowJson.prodApp) {
+                        appId = gencowJson.prodApp;
+                    }
                 }
             }
 
+            if (isProd && appId && !appId.endsWith("-prod")) {
+                error("Prod app not found. Run 'gencow deploy' first to create a prod app.");
+                return;
+            }
+
             if (!appId) {
-                error("앱 ID를 찾을 수 없습니다. gencow deploy를 먼저 실행하세요.");
+                error("App not found. Run 'gencow dev' first.");
                 return;
             }
 
@@ -3472,11 +3317,11 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
 
                 // 로컬 크기 검증 (서버 왕복 방지)
                 if (stat.size > MAX_FILE_SIZE) {
-                    error(`${fileName}: ${fmtFileSize(stat.size)} — 50MB 제한 초과`);
+                    error(`${fileName}: ${fmtFileSize(stat.size)} — exceeds 50MB limit`);
                     return null;
                 }
 
-                info(`${fileName} (${fmtFileSize(stat.size)}) 업로드 중...`);
+                info(`Uploading ${fileName} (${fmtFileSize(stat.size)})...`);
 
                 const fileBuffer = readFileSync(filePath);
                 const blob = new Blob([fileBuffer]);
@@ -3533,7 +3378,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     const paths = restArgs.filter((a, i) => !a.startsWith("-") && !flagIndices.has(i));
 
                     if (paths.length === 0) {
-                        error("사용법: gencow files upload <파일|폴더 경로...> [--recursive|-r]");
+                        error("Usage: gencow files upload <file|dir path...> [--recursive|-r]");
                         return;
                     }
 
@@ -3541,13 +3386,13 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     for (const p of paths) {
                         const resolved = resolve(process.cwd(), p);
                         if (!existsSync(resolved)) {
-                            error(`파일을 찾을 수 없습니다: ${p}`);
+                            error(`File not found: ${p}`);
                             continue;
                         }
                         const stat = statSync(resolved);
                         if (stat.isDirectory()) {
                             if (!recursive) {
-                                error(`${p}는 디렉토리입니다. --recursive (-r) 옵션을 사용하세요.`);
+                                error(`${p} is a directory. Use --recursive (-r) flag.`);
                                 continue;
                             }
                             filesToUpload.push(...collectFiles(resolved));
@@ -3557,12 +3402,12 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     }
 
                     if (filesToUpload.length === 0) {
-                        error("업로드할 파일이 없습니다.");
+                        error("No files to upload.");
                         return;
                     }
 
-                    log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}파일 업로드${RESET} — ${appId}\n`);
-                    info(`${filesToUpload.length}개 파일 업로드 시작...\n`);
+                    log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}File Upload${RESET} — ${appId}\n`);
+                    info(`Uploading ${filesToUpload.length} files...\n`);
 
                     let uploaded = 0;
                     let failed = 0;
@@ -3573,14 +3418,14 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     }
 
                     log("");
-                    if (uploaded > 0) success(`${uploaded}개 파일 업로드 완료`);
-                    if (failed > 0) warn(`${failed}개 파일 실패`);
+                    if (uploaded > 0) success(`${uploaded} files uploaded`);
+                    if (failed > 0) warn(`${failed} files failed`);
                     break;
                 }
 
                 case "list":
                 case "ls": {
-                    log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}파일 목록${RESET} — ${appId}\n`);
+                    log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}File List${RESET} — ${appId}\n`);
 
                     const res = await fetch(
                         `${creds.platformUrl}/platform/files/list`,
@@ -3596,13 +3441,13 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
 
                     const data = await res.json().catch(() => []);
                     if (!res.ok) {
-                        error(data.error || "파일 목록 조회 실패");
+                        error(data.error || "Failed to list files");
                         return;
                     }
 
                     const files = Array.isArray(data) ? data : [];
                     if (files.length === 0) {
-                        info("저장된 파일이 없습니다.");
+                        info("No files stored.");
                         log("");
                         return;
                     }
@@ -3611,7 +3456,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     const idWidth = Math.max(12, ...files.map(f => (f.storage_id || "").length));
                     const nameWidth = Math.max(8, ...files.map(f => (f.name || "").length).map(l => Math.min(l, 40)));
 
-                    log(`  ${DIM}${"ID".padEnd(idWidth)}  ${"이름".padEnd(nameWidth)}  ${"크기".padStart(10)}  ${"소스".padEnd(10)}  업로드 시각${RESET}`);
+                    log(`  ${DIM}${"ID".padEnd(idWidth)}  ${"Name".padEnd(nameWidth)}  ${"Size".padStart(10)}  ${"Source".padEnd(10)}  Uploaded${RESET}`);
                     log(`  ${DIM}${"─".repeat(idWidth)}  ${"─".repeat(nameWidth)}  ${"─".repeat(10)}  ${"─".repeat(10)}  ${"─".repeat(16)}${RESET}`);
 
                     for (const f of files) {
@@ -3621,7 +3466,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                         const date = f.created_at ? fmtDate(f.created_at) : "-";
                         log(`  ${(f.storage_id || "").padEnd(idWidth)}  ${name.padEnd(nameWidth)}  ${size}  ${source}  ${date}`);
                     }
-                    log(`\n  ${DIM}총 ${files.length}개 파일${RESET}\n`);
+                    log(`\n  ${DIM}Total: ${files.length} files${RESET}\n`);
                     break;
                 }
 
@@ -3629,7 +3474,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                 case "rm": {
                     const storageId = restArgs.find((a, i) => !a.startsWith("-") && !flagIndices.has(i));
                     if (!storageId) {
-                        error("사용법: gencow files delete <storage_id>");
+                        error("Usage: gencow files delete <storage_id>");
                         return;
                     }
 
@@ -3645,7 +3490,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                             });
                         });
                         if (answer !== "y" && answer !== "yes") {
-                            info("삭제를 취소했습니다.");
+                            info("Delete cancelled.");
                             return;
                         }
                     }
@@ -3664,9 +3509,9 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
 
                     const data = await res.json().catch(() => ({}));
                     if (res.ok && data.success) {
-                        success(`파일 삭제 완료: ${storageId}`);
+                        success(`File deleted: ${storageId}`);
                     } else {
-                        error(`삭제 실패: ${data.error || res.statusText}`);
+                        error(`Delete failed: ${data.error || res.statusText}`);
                     }
                     break;
                 }
@@ -3674,7 +3519,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                 case "url": {
                     const storageId = restArgs.find((a, i) => !a.startsWith("-") && !flagIndices.has(i));
                     if (!storageId) {
-                        error("사용법: gencow files url <storage_id>");
+                        error("Usage: gencow files url <storage_id>");
                         return;
                     }
                     log(getFileUrl(storageId));
@@ -3682,14 +3527,14 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                 }
 
                 default:
-                    if (subCmd !== "help") error(`알 수 없는 하위 명령: ${subCmd}`);
-                    log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}gencow files${RESET} — 파일 관리\n`);
-                    log(`  ${CYAN}upload${RESET} <경로...> [--recursive|-r]  파일 업로드`);
-                    log(`  ${CYAN}list${RESET}                              파일 목록`);
-                    log(`  ${CYAN}delete${RESET} <storage_id> [--yes|-y]     파일 삭제`);
-                    log(`  ${CYAN}url${RESET}    <storage_id>               서빙 URL 출력`);
-                    log(`\n  ${DIM}옵션:${RESET}`);
-                    log(`    ${DIM}--app, -a <앱이름>  대상 앱 지정 (기본: gencow.json)${RESET}\n`);
+                    if (subCmd !== "help") error(`Unknown subcommand: ${subCmd}`);
+                    log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}gencow files${RESET} — File management\n`);
+                    log(`  ${CYAN}upload${RESET} <path...> [--recursive|-r]  Upload files`);
+                    log(`  ${CYAN}list${RESET}                              List files`);
+                    log(`  ${CYAN}delete${RESET} <storage_id> [--yes|-y]     Delete file`);
+                    log(`  ${CYAN}url${RESET}    <storage_id>               Get serving URL`);
+                    log(`\n  ${DIM}Options:${RESET}`);
+                    log(`    ${DIM}--app, -a <name>  Target app (default: gencow.json)${RESET}\n`);
             }
         },
 
@@ -3714,7 +3559,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
             }
 
             if (!appId) {
-                error("앱 ID를 찾을 수 없습니다. gencow deploy를 먼저 실행하세요.");
+                error("App not found. Run gencow deploy first.");
                 return;
             }
 
@@ -3736,7 +3581,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                 case "ls": {
                     const res = await rpcQuery(creds, "backup.list", { appName: appId });
                     if (!res.ok) {
-                        error(`백업 목록 조회 실패: ${(await res.json().catch(() => ({}))).error || res.statusText}`);
+                        error(`Failed to fetch backup list: ${(await res.json().catch(() => ({}))).error || res.statusText}`);
                         return;
                     }
                     const data = await res.json();
@@ -3746,8 +3591,8 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}Database Backups${RESET} — ${appId}  ${DIM}(Plan: ${data.plan || "free"})${RESET}\n`);
 
                     if (backups.length === 0) {
-                        info("백업이 없습니다.");
-                        info(`${GREEN}gencow backup create${RESET} — 수동 백업 생성`);
+                        info("No backups found.");
+                        info(`${GREEN}gencow backup create${RESET} — create a manual backup`);
                     } else {
                         for (const b of backups) {
                             const statusColor = b.status === "completed" ? GREEN : b.status === "failed" ? RED : YELLOW;
@@ -3765,19 +3610,19 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
 
                     const res = await rpcMutation(creds, "backup.create", { appName: appId, note });
                     if (!res.ok) {
-                        error(`백업 생성 실패: ${(await res.json().catch(() => ({}))).error || res.statusText}`);
+                        error(`Backup creation failed: ${(await res.json().catch(() => ({}))).error || res.statusText}`);
                         return;
                     }
                     const backup = await res.json();
-                    success(`백업 생성 완료  #${backup.id}  ${fmtSize(backup.fileSize || 0)}`);
+                    success(`Backup created  #${backup.id}  ${fmtSize(backup.fileSize || 0)}`);
                     break;
                 }
 
                 case "restore": {
                     const backupId = parseInt(restArgs[0]);
                     if (!backupId || isNaN(backupId)) {
-                        error("백업 ID를 지정하세요: gencow backup restore <id>");
-                        info("gencow backup list 로 ID를 확인하세요.");
+                        error("Specify backup ID: gencow backup restore <id>");
+                        info("Run gencow backup list to check IDs.");
                         return;
                     }
 
@@ -3792,7 +3637,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     });
 
                     if (answer !== "y" && answer !== "yes") {
-                        info("복원이 취소되었습니다.");
+                        info("Restore cancelled.");
                         return;
                     }
 
@@ -3800,10 +3645,10 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
 
                     const res = await rpcMutation(creds, "backup.restore", { appName: appId, backupId });
                     if (!res.ok) {
-                        error(`복원 실패: ${(await res.json().catch(() => ({}))).error || res.statusText}`);
+                        error(`Restore failed: ${(await res.json().catch(() => ({}))).error || res.statusText}`);
                         return;
                     }
-                    success("데이터베이스 복원 완료. 앱이 재시작되었습니다.");
+                    success("Database restored. App restarted.");
                     break;
                 }
 
@@ -3811,23 +3656,23 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                 case "rm": {
                     const backupId = parseInt(restArgs[0]);
                     if (!backupId || isNaN(backupId)) {
-                        error("백업 ID를 지정하세요: gencow backup delete <id>");
+                        error("Specify backup ID: gencow backup delete <id>");
                         return;
                     }
 
                     const res = await rpcMutation(creds, "backup.delete", { appName: appId, backupId });
                     if (!res.ok) {
-                        error(`삭제 실패: ${(await res.json().catch(() => ({}))).error || res.statusText}`);
+                        error(`Delete failed: ${(await res.json().catch(() => ({}))).error || res.statusText}`);
                         return;
                     }
-                    success(`백업 #${backupId} 삭제 완료`);
+                    success(`Backup #${backupId} deleted`);
                     break;
                 }
 
                 case "download": {
                     const backupId = parseInt(restArgs[0]);
                     if (!backupId || isNaN(backupId)) {
-                        error("백업 ID를 지정하세요: gencow backup download <id>");
+                        error("Specify backup ID: gencow backup download <id>");
                         return;
                     }
 
@@ -3837,7 +3682,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                         `/platform/apps/${appId}/backups/${backupId}/download`
                     );
                     if (!res.ok) {
-                        error(`다운로드 실패: ${(await res.json?.().catch(() => ({}))).error || res.statusText}`);
+                        error(`Download failed: ${(await res.json?.().catch(() => ({}))).error || res.statusText}`);
                         return;
                     }
 
@@ -3845,12 +3690,12 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                     const { writeFile } = await import("fs/promises");
                     const buffer = Buffer.from(await res.arrayBuffer());
                     await writeFile(filename, buffer);
-                    success(`저장 완료: ${filename}  (${fmtSize(buffer.length)})`);
+                    success(`Saved: ${filename}  (${fmtSize(buffer.length)})`);
                     break;
                 }
 
                 default:
-                    error(`알 수 없는 하위 명령: ${subCmd}`);
+                    error(`Unknown sub-command: ${subCmd}`);
                     log(`\n  ${BOLD}Usage:${RESET}`);
                     log(`    gencow backup list               List all backups`);
                     log(`    gencow backup create [note]       Create a manual backup`);
@@ -3881,7 +3726,7 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
             }
 
             if (!appId) {
-                error("앱 ID를 찾을 수 없습니다. gencow deploy를 먼저 실행하세요.");
+                error("App not found. Run gencow deploy first.");
                 return;
             }
 
@@ -3889,8 +3734,8 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
                 case "set": {
                     const domain = restArgs.find(a => !a.startsWith("-") && a.includes("."));
                     if (!domain) {
-                        error("사용법: gencow domain set <domain>");
-                        info("  예: gencow domain set myapp.com");
+                        error("Usage: gencow domain set <domain>");
+                        info("  Example: gencow domain set myapp.com");
                         return;
                     }
 
@@ -3902,32 +3747,32 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
 
                     const data = await res.json();
                     if (!res.ok) {
-                        error(`도메인 등록 실패: ${data.error}`);
+                        error(`Domain registration failed: ${data.error}`);
                         return;
                     }
 
-                    log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}🌐 커스텀 도메인 등록${RESET}\n`);
+                    log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}🌐 Custom Domain Registered${RESET}\n`);
                     success(`${domain} → ${appId}`);
                     log("");
 
                     if (data.status === "active") {
                         info(`DNS:   ${GREEN}✅ ${data.dns.detail}${RESET}`);
-                        info(`TLS:   인증서 자동 발급 대기 (첫 접속 시)`);
+                        info(`TLS:   Certificate auto-provisioned on first request`);
                     } else {
-                        warn(`DNS:   ⏳ 아직 확인되지 않았습니다.`);
+                        warn(`DNS:   ⏳ Not yet verified.`);
                         log("");
-                        log(`  아래 DNS 레코드를 설정하세요:`);
+                        log(`  Set up the following DNS record:`);
                         log(`  ┌──────────────────────────────────────────┐`);
                         log(`  │  ${BOLD}Type:  A${RESET}                                │`);
                         log(`  │  Name:  ${domain.padEnd(33)}│`);
                         log(`  │  Value: ${data.serverIp.padEnd(33)}│`);
                         log(`  │                                          │`);
-                        log(`  │  ${DIM}또는 CNAME:${RESET}                              │`);
+                        log(`  │  ${DIM}Or CNAME:${RESET}                              │`);
                         log(`  │  Value: ${data.cname.padEnd(33)}│`);
                         log(`  └──────────────────────────────────────────┘`);
                     }
                     log("");
-                    info(`DNS 설정 후 확인: ${DIM}gencow domain status${RESET}`);
+                    info(`After DNS setup: ${DIM}gencow domain status${RESET}`);
                     log("");
                     break;
                 }
@@ -3942,14 +3787,14 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
 
                     const data = await res.json();
                     if (!res.ok) {
-                        error(`도메인 해제 실패: ${data.error}`);
+                        error(`Domain removal failed: ${data.error}`);
                         return;
                     }
 
                     if (data.domain) {
-                        success(`도메인 ${data.domain} 해제 완료`);
+                        success(`Domain ${data.domain} disconnected`);
                     } else {
-                        info("설정된 커스텀 도메인이 없습니다.");
+                        info("No custom domain configured.");
                     }
                     break;
                 }
@@ -3962,26 +3807,26 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
 
                     const data = await res.json();
                     if (!res.ok) {
-                        error(`도메인 상태 조회 실패: ${data.error}`);
+                        error(`Domain status check failed: ${data.error}`);
                         return;
                     }
 
-                    log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}🌐 커스텀 도메인 상태${RESET} — ${appId}\n`);
+                    log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}🌐 Custom Domain Status${RESET} — ${appId}\n`);
 
                     if (!data.domain) {
-                        info("커스텀 도메인이 설정되지 않았습니다.");
-                        info(`설정: ${DIM}gencow domain set <domain>${RESET}`);
+                        info("No custom domain configured.");
+                        info(`Set up: ${DIM}gencow domain set <domain>${RESET}`);
                     } else {
-                        info(`도메인: ${BOLD}${data.domain}${RESET}`);
+                        info(`Domain: ${BOLD}${data.domain}${RESET}`);
 
                         if (data.status === "active") {
                             info(`DNS:   ${GREEN}✅ ${data.dns.detail}${RESET}`);
-                            info(`TLS:   ${GREEN}✅ Let's Encrypt 자동 발급${RESET}`);
+                            info(`TLS:   ${GREEN}✅ Let's Encrypt auto-provisioned${RESET}`);
                         } else if (data.status === "pending") {
-                            warn(`DNS:   ⏳ 확인 대기 중`);
-                            info(`TLS:   DNS 확인 후 자동 발급`);
+                            warn(`DNS:   ⏳ Verification pending`);
+                            info(`TLS:   Auto-provisioned after DNS verification`);
                         } else {
-                            error(`상태: ${data.status}`);
+                            error(`Status: ${data.status}`);
                         }
                     }
                     log("");
@@ -3990,28 +3835,9 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
             }
         },
 
-    async mcp(...mcpArgs) {
-            let port = "5456";
-            for (let i = 0; i < mcpArgs.length; i++) {
-                if (mcpArgs[i] === "--port" || mcpArgs[i] === "-p") port = mcpArgs[++i];
-            }
-
-            const mcpScript = resolve(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url), "..", "gencow-mcp.mjs");
-            if (!existsSync(mcpScript)) {
-                error("gencow-mcp.mjs not found. Ensure the CLI package is properly installed.");
-                process.exit(1);
-            }
-
-            // MCP stdio 서버를 직접 실행 (stdin/stdout 상속)
-            const { execFileSync } = await import("child_process");
-            try {
-                execFileSync("node", [mcpScript], {
-                    stdio: "inherit",
-                    env: { ...process.env, GENCOW_PORT: port },
-                });
-            } catch {
-                // MCP 서버가 종료될 때 정상적으로 종료
-            }
+    async mcp() {
+            info(`MCP server is ${BOLD}coming soon${RESET}.`);
+            info(`${DIM}MCP integration requires local dev server (coming soon).${RESET}\n`);
         },
 
 
@@ -4046,8 +3872,16 @@ ${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}
             let runtimeRoot;
             try { runtimeRoot = findServerRoot(); } catch { runtimeRoot = process.cwd(); }
             const extractTsPath = resolve(runtimeRoot, ".gencow-extract.ts");
+
+            // @gencow/core — 번들된 core 절대 경로 우선, 없으면 bare specifier
+            // generateApiTs()와 동일 해석 전략: 글로벌 CLI에서도 resolve 보장
+            const bundledCorePath = resolve(runtimeRoot, "../core/index.js");
+            const coreImport = existsSync(bundledCorePath)
+                ? bundledCorePath.replace(/\\/g, "/")
+                : "@gencow/core";
+
             const script = `
-import { getRegisteredQueries, getRegisteredMutations } from "@gencow/core";
+import { getRegisteredQueries, getRegisteredMutations } from "${coreImport}";
 import "${absoluteFunctions}/index.ts";
 console.log("GENCOW_API_JSON=" + JSON.stringify({ 
   queries: getRegisteredQueries(), 
@@ -4055,14 +3889,23 @@ console.log("GENCOW_API_JSON=" + JSON.stringify({
 }));
 process.exit(0);
 `;
-            info("함수 목록 추출 중...");
+            info("Extracting function list...");
+            // NODE_PATH: 사용자 프로젝트 node_modules + CLI node_modules 포함
+            // generateApiTs()와 동일 — 글로벌 설치 시 사용자 의존성 해석 보장
+            const cwdNodeModules = resolve(process.cwd(), "node_modules");
+            const cliNodeModules = resolve(__dirname, "..", "node_modules");
+            const extractEnv = {
+                ...process.env,
+                NODE_PATH: [cwdNodeModules, cliNodeModules, process.env.NODE_PATH || ""].filter(Boolean).join(":"),
+            };
             try {
                 writeFileSync(extractTsPath, script);
                 let outStr;
                 try {
                     outStr = execSync(`bun ${extractTsPath}`, {
                         cwd: runtimeRoot,
-                        stdio: ["pipe", "pipe", "pipe"]
+                        stdio: ["pipe", "pipe", "pipe"],
+                        env: extractEnv,
                     }).toString();
                 } catch (execErr) {
                     const stderr = execErr.stderr?.toString() || "";
@@ -4119,10 +3962,10 @@ process.exit(0);
                 log(`  ${DIM}Queries:   ${queries.join(", ")}${RESET}`);
                 log(`  ${DIM}Mutations: ${mutations.join(", ")}${RESET}`);
                 log("");
-                info(`사용법: import { api } from "@/gencow/api";`);
+                info(`Usage: import { api } from "@/gencow/api";`);
             } catch (e) {
                 try { unlinkSync(extractTsPath); } catch { }
-                error(`Codegen 실패: ${e.message}`);
+                error(`Codegen failed: ${e.message}`);
                 process.exit(1);
             }
         },
@@ -4278,57 +4121,7 @@ process.exit(0);
             log(`  Usage: gencow app [list|create|delete|status]`);
         },
 
-    // ── deploy (remote mode) ──────────────────────────
-    async "remote:deploy"() {
-            const creds = requireCreds();
-            const config = loadConfig();
-            const appName = config.deploy?.app || creds.currentApp;
-            if (!appName) {
-                error("No app specified. Run: gencow app create <name>");
-                process.exit(1);
-            }
-
-            log(`\n${BOLD}${CYAN}Gencow Deploy → ${appName}${RESET}\n`);
-
-            const { functionsDir } = config;
-            const absoluteFunctions = resolve(process.cwd(), functionsDir);
-            if (!existsSync(absoluteFunctions)) {
-                error(`Functions dir not found: ${absoluteFunctions}`);
-                process.exit(1);
-            }
-
-            // 1. Bundle gencow/ folder to tar.gz
-            info(`Bundling ${functionsDir}...`);
-            const { create: tarCreate } = await import("tar");
-            const chunks = [];
-            await new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-                tarCreate({ cwd: absoluteFunctions, gzip: true }, ["."])
-                    .on("data", c => chunks.push(c))
-                    .on("end", resolve)
-                    .on("error", reject);
-            });
-            const bundle = Buffer.concat(chunks);
-            success(`Bundle ready (${(bundle.length / 1024).toFixed(1)} KB)`);
-
-
-            // 2. Upload to platform
-            info(`Uploading to ${creds.platformUrl}...`);
-            const form = new FormData();
-            form.append("bundle", new Blob([bundle], { type: "application/gzip" }), "bundle.tar.gz");
-            const res = await platformFetch(creds, `/platform/apps/${appName}/deploy`, {
-                method: "POST",
-                body: form,
-            });
-            const data = await res.json();
-            if (!res.ok) { error(data.error); process.exit(1); }
-
-            success("Deployed!");
-            log(`
-  ${GREEN}▸${RESET} URL:     ${data.url}
-  ${GREEN}▸${RESET} Bundle:  ${data.bundleHash}
-  ${DIM}gencow logs  — follow logs${RESET}
-`);
-        },
+    // ── remote:deploy — REMOVED (legacy, use `gencow deploy` instead) ──
 
     // ── logs ───────────────────────────────────────────
     async logs(...args) {
@@ -4427,13 +4220,13 @@ process.exit(0);
                     }
                     followFailures++;
                     if (followFailures > FOLLOW_MAX_FAILURES) {
-                        error(`연결 불가 — 앱 상태를 확인하세요.`);
-                        info(`서버가 실행 중인지 확인: gencow dev`);
+                        error(`Connection failed — check app status.`);
+                        info(`Check if the server is running: gencow dev`);
                         process.exit(1);
                     }
                     const delay = Math.min(FOLLOW_BASE_RECONNECT_MS * Math.pow(2, followFailures - 1), FOLLOW_MAX_RECONNECT_MS);
                     const delaySec = (delay / 1000).toFixed(0);
-                    warn(`연결 끊김 — ${delaySec}초 후 재연결... (${followFailures}/${FOLLOW_MAX_FAILURES})`);
+                    warn(`Disconnected — reconnecting in ${delaySec}s... (${followFailures}/${FOLLOW_MAX_FAILURES})`);
                     scheduleFollowReconnect(delay);
                 });
             }
@@ -4675,7 +4468,7 @@ process.exit(0);
 
             // 앱이 없으면 자동 생성 (deploy의 auto-create 패턴 재사용)
             if (!appName) {
-                info("앱이 없습니다. 자동 생성 중...");
+                info("No app found. Creating...");
 
                 // displayName: gencow.config.ts의 name 또는 프로젝트 폴더명
                 let displayName = null;
@@ -4690,7 +4483,7 @@ process.exit(0);
                 const createRes = await rpcMutation(creds, "apps.create", { name: displayName });
                 if (!createRes.ok) {
                     const createErr = await createRes.json().catch(() => ({}));
-                    error(`앱 생성 실패: ${createErr.error || createRes.statusText}`);
+                    error(`App creation failed: ${createErr.error || createRes.statusText}`);
                     process.exit(1);
                 }
 
@@ -4698,11 +4491,11 @@ process.exit(0);
                 appName = createData.appId || createData.name;
 
                 if (!appName) {
-                    error("앱 생성 응답에 appId가 없습니다.");
+                    error("App creation response missing appId.");
                     process.exit(1);
                 }
 
-                success(`앱 "${appName}" 생성 완료`);
+                success(`App "${appName}" created`);
 
                 // gencow.json 저장 (deploy와 동일 패턴)
                 const gencowJsonPath = resolve(process.cwd(), "gencow.json");
@@ -4711,13 +4504,13 @@ process.exit(0);
                     displayName,
                     platformUrl: creds.platformUrl,
                 }, null, 2));
-                info(`${DIM}gencow.json 생성됨 (appId: ${appName})${RESET}`);
+                info(`${DIM}gencow.json created (appId: ${appName})${RESET}`);
 
                 // .env에 VITE_API_URL 자동 설정
                 updateEnvLocalUrl(getAppUrl(appName, creds.platformUrl));
 
                 // 프로비저닝 대기
-                info("프로비저닝 대기 중...");
+                info("Waiting for provisioning...");
                 await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 3000));
             }
 
@@ -4736,9 +4529,9 @@ process.exit(0);
                 const isSchema = reason !== "initial" && /schema.*\.ts$/i.test(reason);
 
                 if (reason === "initial") {
-                    log(`${DIM}${ts}${RESET} ${CYAN}[deploy]${RESET} 초기 배포 중...`);
+                    log(`${DIM}${ts}${RESET} ${CYAN}[deploy]${RESET} Initial deploy...`);
                 } else {
-                    log(`${DIM}${ts}${RESET} ${CYAN}[deploy]${RESET} ${reason} 변경 감지 → 배포 중...`);
+                    log(`${DIM}${ts}${RESET} ${CYAN}[deploy]${RESET} ${reason} change detected → deploying...`);
                 }
 
                 // 스키마 변경 또는 초기 배포 시 마이그레이션 생성
@@ -4746,7 +4539,7 @@ process.exit(0);
                 const schemaExists = existsSync(resolve(process.cwd(), functionsDir, "schema.ts"));
                 if (schemaExists && (isSchema || reason === "initial")) {
                     if (isSchema) {
-                        log(`${DIM}${ts}${RESET} ${YELLOW}[migrate]${RESET} 스키마 변경 감지 → 마이그레이션 생성 중...`);
+                        log(`${DIM}${ts}${RESET} ${YELLOW}[migrate]${RESET} Schema change detected → generating migrations...`);
                     }
                     try {
                         const { execSync } = await import("child_process");
@@ -4756,13 +4549,13 @@ process.exit(0);
                             env: { ...process.env, ...dk.env },
                             stdio: "inherit",
                         });
-                        log(`${DIM}${ts}${RESET} ${GREEN}[migrate]${RESET} ✔ 마이그레이션 생성 완료`);
+                        log(`${DIM}${ts}${RESET} ${GREEN}[migrate]${RESET} ✔ Migrations generated`);
                     } catch (e) {
                         const msg = e.stderr?.toString() || e.message || "";
                         if (msg.includes("No schema changes") || msg.includes("nothing to migrate")) {
                             // 스키마 변경 없음 — 정상
                         } else {
-                            warn(`[migrate] 마이그레이션 생성 실패 (무시 가능): ${msg.split("\n")[0]}`);
+                            warn(`[migrate] Migration generation failed (non-critical): ${msg.split("\n")[0]}`);
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -4801,7 +4594,7 @@ process.exit(0);
 
                 if (!res.ok) {
                     const ts2 = new Date().toLocaleTimeString("en-US", { hour12: false });
-                    log(`${DIM}${ts2}${RESET} ${RED}[deploy]${RESET} ✗ 배포 실패!`);
+                    log(`${DIM}${ts2}${RESET} ${RED}[deploy]${RESET} ✗ Deploy failed!`);
 
                     // 에러 메시지에서 파일:라인 정보 추출
                     const errMsg = data.error || "Unknown error";
@@ -4818,13 +4611,13 @@ process.exit(0);
 
                     // 스키마 관련 에러 힌트
                     if (errMsg.includes("does not exist") || errMsg.includes("relation")) {
-                        log(`         ${YELLOW}💡 스키마가 변경되었나요? schema.ts를 수정하면 자동으로 마이그레이션이 실행됩니다.${RESET}`);
+                        log(`         ${YELLOW}💡 Schema changed? Migrations run automatically when schema.ts changes.${RESET}`);
                     }
                     return;
                 }
 
                 const ts2 = new Date().toLocaleTimeString("en-US", { hour12: false });
-                log(`${DIM}${ts2}${RESET} ${GREEN}[deploy]${RESET} ✔ 배포 완료 ${DIM}(${sizeKB}KB, ${elapsed}s)${RESET}`);
+                log(`${DIM}${ts2}${RESET} ${GREEN}[deploy]${RESET} ✔ Deploy complete ${DIM}(${sizeKB}KB, ${elapsed}s)${RESET}`);
             }
 
             // ── 로그 포맷팅 함수 ────────────────────────────────
@@ -4857,7 +4650,7 @@ process.exit(0);
                 try {
                     logWs = new WS(wsUrl);
                 } catch (e) {
-                    warn(`[log] WebSocket 연결 실패: ${e.message}`);
+                    warn(`[log] WebSocket connection failed: ${e.message}`);
                     scheduleReconnect();
                     return;
                 }
@@ -4865,7 +4658,7 @@ process.exit(0);
                 logWs.on("open", () => {
                     // 카운터 리셋은 close 이벤트에서 안정 연결 판정 후 수행
                     logWsOpenedAt = Date.now();
-                    log(`${DIM}${new Date().toLocaleTimeString("en-US", { hour12: false })}${RESET} ${GREEN}[log]${RESET} 로그 스트리밍 연결됨`);
+                    log(`${DIM}${new Date().toLocaleTimeString("en-US", { hour12: false })}${RESET} ${GREEN}[log]${RESET} Log streaming connected`);
                     logWs.send(JSON.stringify({ type: "log:subscribe" }));
                 });
 
@@ -4889,13 +4682,13 @@ process.exit(0);
                     }
                     reconnectFailures++;
                     if (reconnectFailures > MAX_RECONNECT_FAILURES) {
-                        warn(`[log] 로그 스트리밍 ${MAX_RECONNECT_FAILURES}회 연속 실패. 재연결 중단.`);
-                        info(`수동 확인: gencow deploy logs`);
+                        warn(`[log] Log streaming failed ${MAX_RECONNECT_FAILURES} times. Giving up.`);
+                        info(`Check manually: gencow deploy logs`);
                         return;
                     }
                     const delay = Math.min(BASE_RECONNECT_MS * Math.pow(2, reconnectFailures - 1), MAX_RECONNECT_MS);
                     const delaySec = (delay / 1000).toFixed(0);
-                    log(`${DIM}${new Date().toLocaleTimeString("en-US", { hour12: false })}${RESET} ${YELLOW}[log]${RESET} 연결 끊김 — ${delaySec}초 후 재연결... (${reconnectFailures}/${MAX_RECONNECT_FAILURES})`);
+                    log(`${DIM}${new Date().toLocaleTimeString("en-US", { hour12: false })}${RESET} ${YELLOW}[log]${RESET} Disconnected — reconnecting in ${delaySec}s... (${reconnectFailures}/${MAX_RECONNECT_FAILURES})`);
                     scheduleReconnect(delay);
                 });
             }
@@ -5003,7 +4796,8 @@ ${BOLD}${CYAN}🚀 Gencow Cloud Dev${RESET}
                 log(`  ${GREEN}Prompts${RESET}     Reusable prompt templates`);
                 log(`  ${GREEN}Parsers${RESET}     PDF/HTML/CSV file parsing`);
                 log(`  ${GREEN}Memory${RESET}      Agent memory ${DIM}(episodic/semantic/procedural)${RESET}`);
-                log(`  ${GREEN}Analytics${RESET}   LLM call tracking ${DIM}(coming soon)${RESET}`);
+                log(`\n${BOLD}Coming soon:${RESET}`);
+                log(`  ${DIM}Analytics${RESET}   LLM call tracking`);
                 log(`\n${BOLD}Examples:${RESET}`);
                 log(`  ${DIM}gencow add AI${RESET}`);
                 log(`  ${DIM}gencow add AI RAG Reranker${RESET}`);
@@ -5050,10 +4844,11 @@ ${BOLD}${CYAN}🚀 Gencow Cloud Dev${RESET}
                     env: {},
                     requires: ["ai"],
                     guide: [
-                        `gencow/rag.ts 에서 rag.ingest(), rag.search() 사용 가능`,
-                        `mutation: await rag.ingest(ctx, source, text)`,
-                        `query: const results = await rag.search(ctx, "질문")`,
-                        `schema-rag.ts 를 schema.ts 에 import 해야 DB 테이블이 생성됩니다`,
+                        `gencow/rag.ts — rag.ingest(), rag.search(), rag.ask()`,
+                        `Shared KB: await rag.ingest(ctx, "manual.pdf", text)`,
+                        `Personal:  await rag.ingest(ctx, "notes.pdf", text, { userId: user.id })`,
+                        `Search:    const results = await rag.search(ctx, "query", { userId: user.id })`,
+                        `Import schema-rag.ts in your schema.ts to create DB tables`,
                     ],
                 },
                 memory: {
@@ -5178,7 +4973,7 @@ ${BOLD}${CYAN}🚀 Gencow Cloud Dev${RESET}
             // ── 모든 컴포넌트 설치 후 README 1회 업데이트 ───────────
             await updateReadme(loadConfig());
 
-            log(`\n${GREEN}✔${RESET} ${BOLD}완료!${RESET} ${DIM}gencow dev를 실행하면 바로 사용할 수 있습니다.${RESET}`);
+            log(`\n${GREEN}✔${RESET} ${BOLD}Done!${RESET} ${DIM}Run gencow dev to get started.${RESET}`);
 
             // ── 컴포넌트별 가이드 메시지 ─────────────────────────────
             for (const key of ordered) {
@@ -5200,11 +4995,11 @@ ${BOLD}${CYAN}🚀 Gencow Cloud Dev${RESET}
         const label = config.label || name.toUpperCase();
 
 if (config.notReady) {
-    log(`  ${YELLOW}⚠${RESET} ${BOLD}[${label}]${RESET} ${DIM}아직 준비 중입니다 (Coming Soon)${RESET}`);
+    log(`  ${YELLOW}⚠${RESET} ${BOLD}[${label}]${RESET} ${DIM}Coming Soon${RESET}`);
     return;
 }
 
-log(`  ${CYAN}▸${RESET} ${BOLD}[${label}]${RESET} 설치 중...`);
+log(`  ${CYAN}▸${RESET} ${BOLD}[${label}]${RESET} Installing...`);
 
 // 1. npm 의존성 설치 (패키지 매니저 자동 감지)
 if (config.deps && config.deps.length > 0) {
@@ -5221,9 +5016,9 @@ if (config.deps && config.deps.length > 0) {
             stdio: "pipe",
             cwd: process.cwd(),
         });
-        log(`    ${GREEN}✓${RESET} ${config.deps.join(", ")} 패키지 설치`);
+        log(`    ${GREEN}✓${RESET} ${config.deps.join(", ")} packages installed`);
     } catch (e) {
-        log(`    ${YELLOW}⚠${RESET} 패키지 설치 실패 — ${DIM}bun add ${config.deps.join(" ")} 를 직접 실행하세요${RESET}`);
+        log(`    ${YELLOW}⚠${RESET} Package install failed — ${DIM}run bun add ${config.deps.join(" ")} manually${RESET}`);
     }
 }
 
@@ -5247,10 +5042,10 @@ for (const file of config.files) {
     }
 
     if (fs.existsSync(destPath)) {
-        log(`    ${YELLOW}⚠${RESET} ${file.dest} 이미 존재, 건너뛰`);
+        log(`    ${YELLOW}⚠${RESET} ${file.dest} already exists, skipping`);
     } else {
         fs.copyFileSync(srcPath, destPath);
-        log(`    ${GREEN}✓${RESET} ${file.dest} 생성`);
+        log(`    ${GREEN}✓${RESET} ${file.dest} created`);
     }
 }
 
@@ -5267,7 +5062,7 @@ if (config.env && Object.keys(config.env).length > 0) {
         if (!envContent.includes(key)) {
             envContent += `\n${key}=${value}`;
             added = true;
-            log(`    ${GREEN}✓${RESET} .env 에 ${key}= 추가`);
+            log(`    ${GREEN}✓${RESET} .env — added ${key}=`);
         }
     }
 
@@ -5316,15 +5111,15 @@ const safe = await ai.withRetry(
     { maxRetries: 3 }
 );
 \`\`\``,
-        vibePrompt: `AI 엔진 사용법:
+        vibePrompt: `AI Engine API:
   import { ai } from "@/gencow/ai";
-  ai.chat({ messages })       // 텍스트 생성
-  ai.stream({ messages })     // 스트리밍
-  ai.embed("텍스트")           // 임베딩
-  ai.embedMany(["a","b"])     // 배치 임베딩
+  ai.chat({ messages })       // text generation
+  ai.stream({ messages })     // streaming
+  ai.embed("text")            // embedding
+  ai.embedMany(["a","b"])     // batch embedding
   ai.agent({ messages, tools, maxSteps })  // Agent Loop
-  ai.withRetry(fn, { maxRetries: 3 })      // 재시도+폴백
-  ai.estimateTokens(text)     // 토큰 추정
+  ai.withRetry(fn, { maxRetries: 3 })      // retry+fallback
+  ai.estimateTokens(text)     // token estimation
   ai.trimMessages(msgs, { maxTokens: 4000 })  // 토큰 예산`,
     },
     "rag.ts": {
@@ -5352,7 +5147,7 @@ const { answer, sources } = await rag.ask(ctx, "환불 정책이 뭔가요?");
 // 문서 삭제
 await rag.delete(ctx, "old-manual.pdf");
 \`\`\``,
-        vibePrompt: `RAG 엔진 사용법:
+        vibePrompt: `RAG Engine API:
   import { rag } from "@/gencow/rag";
   rag.ingest(ctx, source, text)              // 문서 인제스트 (스마트 청킹)
   rag.search(ctx, query, { filter })         // 시맨틱 검색
@@ -5380,7 +5175,7 @@ const tools = defineTools(ctx, {
 
 const reply = await ai.chat({ messages, tools });
 \`\`\``,
-        vibePrompt: `Tool Calling 사용법:
+        vibePrompt: `Tool Calling API:
   import { defineTools } from "@/gencow/tools";
   const tools = defineTools(ctx, { ... })  // AI 도구 정의
   ai.chat({ messages, tools })             // 도구 연동 응답`,
@@ -5401,7 +5196,7 @@ const reply = await ai.chat({
     messages: [...memCtx.recentMessages, { role: "user", content: query }],
 });
 \`\`\``,
-        vibePrompt: `Agent Memory 사용법:
+        vibePrompt: `Agent Memory API:
   import { memory } from "@/gencow/memory";
   memory.buildContext(ctx, userId, sessionId, query)  // 메모리 컨텍스트
   memory.extract(ctx, userId, conversation)           // 사실 추출`,
@@ -5435,7 +5230,7 @@ const reranked = await reranker.rerank(query, results, { topK: 5 });
 // 한 번에 (search + rerank)
 const best = await reranker.searchAndRerank(ctx, rag, query);
 \`\`\``,
-        vibePrompt: `Reranker 사용법:
+        vibePrompt: `Reranker API:
   import { reranker } from "@/gencow/reranker";
   reranker.rerank(query, docs, { topK: 5 })  // LLM 재정렬
   reranker.searchAndRerank(ctx, rag, query)   // 통합 파이프라인`,
@@ -5465,7 +5260,7 @@ const result = await guardrails.wrap(
     { maxLength: 2000 }
 );
 \`\`\``,
-        vibePrompt: `Guardrails 사용법:
+        vibePrompt: `Guardrails API:
   import { guardrails } from "@/gencow/guardrails";
   guardrails.validateInput(text, { maskPII: true })  // PII 마스킹
   guardrails.validateInput(text, { blockTopics })     // 주제 차단
@@ -5492,7 +5287,7 @@ const myPrompt = definePrompt({
 });
 const prompt = myPrompt({ role: "전문가", task: "코드 리뷰" });
 \`\`\``,
-        vibePrompt: `Prompt Templates 사용법:
+        vibePrompt: `Prompt Templates API:
   import { definePrompt, ragQAPrompt } from "@/gencow/prompts";
   definePrompt({ template, defaults })  // 재사용 프롬프트 정의
   ragQAPrompt({ question, context })    // RAG Q&A 프롬프트`,
@@ -5515,7 +5310,7 @@ await rag.ingest(ctx, "manual.pdf", text);
 // 자동 감지
 const content = await parsers.auto("report.html", htmlString);
 \`\`\``,
-        vibePrompt: `File Parsers 사용법:
+        vibePrompt: `File Parsers API:
   import { parsers } from "@/gencow/parsers";
   parsers.pdf(buffer)          // PDF → 텍스트
   parsers.html(htmlString)     // HTML → 텍스트
@@ -5559,18 +5354,18 @@ async function updateReadme(config) {
     for (const comp of installed) {
         componentSection += `### ${comp.title}\n\n`;
         componentSection += `${comp.table}\n\n`;
-        componentSection += `#### 사용법\n\n`;
+        componentSection += `#### Usage\n\n`;
         componentSection += `${comp.usage}\n\n`;
     }
 
     // 바이브코딩 프롬프트 섹션
     componentSection += `### 🤖 AI Vibe-Coding Prompt\n\n`;
     componentSection += "```\n";
-    componentSection += "다음은 현재 Gencow 백엔드에 설치된 AI 컴포넌트야:\n\n";
+    componentSection += "The following AI components are installed in this Gencow backend:\n\n";
     for (const comp of installed) {
         componentSection += `${comp.vibePrompt}\n\n`;
     }
-    componentSection += "위 API를 활용해서 원하는 기능을 구현해줘.\n";
+    componentSection += "Use the APIs above to build your desired features.\n";
     componentSection += "```\n\n";
     componentSection += `${END_MARKER}`;
 
@@ -5584,7 +5379,7 @@ async function updateReadme(config) {
     }
 
     fs.writeFileSync(readmePath, readme);
-    log(`    ${GREEN}✓${RESET} README.md 컴포넌트 문서 업데이트`);
+    log(`    ${GREEN}✓${RESET} README.md component docs updated`);
 }
 
 const [, , cmd = "help", ...args] = process.argv;