forge-workflow 0.1.0-beta.5 → 0.1.0-beta.7

package/lib/kernel/sqlite-driver.js

@@ -3,7 +3,10 @@
 const fs = require('node:fs');
 const os = require('node:os');
 const path = require('node:path');
-const { randomUUID } = require('node:crypto');
+const { spawn: nodeSpawn } = require('node:child_process');
+const { pathToFileURL } = require('node:url');
+const { createHash, randomUUID } = require('node:crypto');
+const { types: { isProxy } } = require('node:util');
 
 const {
 	ISSUE_COMMAND_SCHEMA_VERSION,
@@ -13,11 +16,21 @@ const {
 	resolveNextCommands,
 } = require('./issue-command-contract');
 const { buildReadinessIndex } = require('./readiness-model');
-const { buildMemoryProjectionMigration, memoryFtsDdl } = require('./migrations');
-const { rankForPriorityLabel } = require('./taxonomy-validator');
+const { buildMemoryProjectionMigration, buildUsageEvidenceMigration, memoryFtsDdl } = require('./migrations');
+const { assertFilesystemSafeForKernel } = require('./fs-class');
+const { isTerminalStatus, rankForPriorityLabel } = require('./taxonomy-validator');
 const { isLeaseExpired } = require('./lease-enforcer');
+const { isLiveClaim, projectLiveClaims } = require('./live-claim-projection');
+const {
+	ClaimRepairError,
+	buildClaimRepairPlan,
+	publicClaimRepairPreflight,
+	verifyClaimRepairBackup,
+} = require('./legacy-claim-repair');
 const { CONFLICT_SIGNAL, classifyConflictSignal } = require('./conflict-signal');
 const { normalizeRecallHit } = require('../memory-recall');
+const { getPackageRoot } = require('../package-root');
+const { appendUsageEvidence, rebuildUsageProjection } = require('@forge/memory');
 
 const BUILTIN_SQLITE_RUNTIME_ORDER = Object.freeze(['bun:sqlite', 'node:sqlite']);
 let probeCounter = 0;
@@ -133,6 +146,18 @@ function createDatabase(runtime, databasePath) {
 	throw new Error(`Unsupported builtin SQLite runtime: ${runtime.id}`);
 }
 
+function createExistingWatchOwnerDatabase(runtime, databasePath) {
+	if (runtime.id === 'bun:sqlite') {
+		return new runtime.module.Database(databasePath, { readwrite: true });
+	}
+	if (runtime.id === 'node:sqlite') {
+		const databaseUrl = pathToFileURL(databasePath);
+		databaseUrl.searchParams.set('mode', 'rw');
+		return new runtime.module.DatabaseSync(databaseUrl);
+	}
+	throw new Error(`Unsupported builtin SQLite runtime: ${runtime.id}`);
+}
+
 function execSql(_runtime, db, sql) {
 	db.exec(sql);
 }
@@ -171,6 +196,35 @@ function runParams(runtime, db, sql, params = []) {
 	return db.prepare(sql).run(...params);
 }
 
+function createUsageEvidenceAdapter(runtime, db) {
+	return {
+		exec(sql) { execSql(runtime, db, sql); },
+		run(sql, params = []) { return runParams(runtime, db, sql, params); },
+		one(sql, params = []) { return allParams(runtime, db, sql, params)[0] || null; },
+		transaction(callback) {
+			let active = false;
+			try {
+				execSql(runtime, db, 'BEGIN IMMEDIATE;');
+				active = true;
+				const result = callback();
+				execSql(runtime, db, 'COMMIT;');
+				active = false;
+				return result;
+			} catch (error) {
+				if (active) {
+					try { execSql(runtime, db, 'ROLLBACK;'); } catch { /* preserve the write failure */ }
+				}
+				throw error;
+			}
+		},
+		assertUsageWriterEnabled() {
+			const row = allParams(runtime, db,
+				'SELECT enabled FROM memory_usage_writer_state WHERE singleton = 1')[0];
+			if (!row || Number(row.enabled) !== 1) throw new Error('memory usage evidence writer is disabled');
+		},
+	};
+}
+
 // A table may not exist on a partially-migrated DB; readiness inputs degrade to empty.
 // ONLY a missing-table error is tolerated — a locked/corrupt DB or a real SQL
 // regression must surface, not silently produce wrong readiness/stats/projection.
@@ -206,7 +260,7 @@ function parseLabels(raw) {
 }
 
 function rowToIssueSummary(row, readinessEntry, claimedBy = null, dependencyIds = [], dependentIds = []) {
-	return {
+	const summary = {
 		id: row.id,
 		title: row.title,
 		body: row.body ?? null,
@@ -250,6 +304,11 @@ function rowToIssueSummary(row, readinessEntry, claimedBy = null, dependencyIds
 		close_reason: row.close_reason ?? null,
 		metadata: row.metadata ?? null,
 	};
+	if (readinessEntry?.contract_applicable) {
+		summary.readiness_state = readinessEntry.state;
+		summary.readiness_reasons = readinessEntry.reasons;
+	}
+	return summary;
 }
 
 function okIssueResponse(command, data, nextCommands) {
@@ -265,30 +324,48 @@ function okIssueResponse(command, data, nextCommands) {
 	};
 }
 
+function loadLiveKernelClaimRows(runtime, db, context = {}) {
+	const rows = safeAll(
+		runtime,
+		db,
+		`SELECT claim.*, issue.status AS issue_status
+		 FROM kernel_claims AS claim
+		 JOIN kernel_issues AS issue ON issue.id = claim.issue_id
+		 WHERE claim.state = 'active'`,
+	);
+	const issues = rows.map(row => ({ id: row.issue_id, status: row.issue_status }));
+	return projectLiveClaims(rows, issues, context.now || new Date().toISOString())
+		.map(row => {
+			const claim = { ...row };
+			delete claim.issue_status;
+			return claim;
+		});
+}
+
 // Derive the whole-board readiness read model (D18) from the authority tables.
 function loadBoardReadiness(runtime, db, context = {}) {
 	const issues = allParams(runtime, db, 'SELECT * FROM kernel_issues');
 	const dependencies = safeAll(runtime, db, 'SELECT * FROM kernel_dependencies');
 	const conflicts = safeAll(runtime, db, 'SELECT * FROM kernel_conflicts');
-	const claims = safeAll(runtime, db, 'SELECT * FROM kernel_claims');
+	const now = context.now || new Date().toISOString();
+	const liveClaims = loadLiveKernelClaimRows(runtime, db, { ...context, now });
 	const index = buildReadinessIndex({
 		issues,
 		dependencies,
 		conflicts,
-		claims,
-		now: context.now,
+		claims: liveClaims,
+		now,
 		actor: context.actor,
+		contractPolicy: context.contractPolicy,
+		isTrustedAdoption: context.isTrustedAdoption,
 	});
-	// Surface the active lease holder per issue for issue summaries. Filter on state
-	// only (matches loadActiveKernelClaimRow); the partial-UNIQUE active-lease index
-	// guarantees at most one active row per issue, so the map is unambiguous.
+	// Surface only the shared live-authority projection as claimed_by. The partial
+	// UNIQUE active-lease index guarantees at most one live row per issue.
 	// Null-prototype map: issue ids are unconstrained external strings, so a literal `{}`
 	// keyed by them would be a prototype-pollution vector (matches buildReadinessIndex).
 	const claimedById = Object.create(null);
-	for (const claim of claims) {
-		if ((claim.state || 'active') === 'active' && claim.issue_id) {
-			claimedById[claim.issue_id] = claim.actor ?? null;
-		}
+	for (const claim of liveClaims) {
+		if (claim.issue_id) claimedById[claim.issue_id] = claim.actor ?? null;
 	}
 	// Per-issue declared dependency edges (the ids each issue depends on, i.e.
 	// blocks_issue_id where issue_id === the dependent). Distinct from readiness'
@@ -318,7 +395,7 @@ function loadBoardReadiness(runtime, db, context = {}) {
 		dependentsById[issueId] = [...new Set(dependentsById[issueId])]
 			.sort((a, b) => String(a).localeCompare(String(b)));
 	}
-	return { issues, index, claimedById, dependenciesById, dependentsById };
+	return { issues, index, liveClaims, claimedById, dependenciesById, dependentsById };
 }
 
 function firstPositional(args = []) {
@@ -435,6 +512,57 @@ function buildRollup(children) {
 	};
 }
 
+function runIssueOwnsRead(runtime, db, args, context) {
+	// Lease-ownership verification (kernel d71a824b). A claim returning ok:true does
+	// not prove the caller won the lease: a duplicate replay also returns ok:true, so
+	// a worker must CONFIRM it holds the live lease before mutating a claimed issue.
+	// `owned` is true iff the resolving actor holds the shared live-authority claim.
+	// loadActiveKernelClaimRow remains state-only for acquisition/reclaim planning;
+	// isLiveClaim applies expiry and issue-terminal fencing here. Actor resolution mirrors the mutation
+	// path's `context.actor || 'forge'` default so a bare CLI invocation matches its
+	// own claims; `now` falls back to the wall clock like the mutation route.
+	const id = firstPositional(args);
+	const rows = allParams(runtime, db, 'SELECT * FROM kernel_issues WHERE id = ?', [id]);
+	if (!rows[0]) {
+		return formatIssueCommandError({
+			command: 'issue.owns',
+			code: 'FORGE_ISSUE_NOT_FOUND',
+			message: `Issue ${id ?? '<missing id>'} not found`,
+			exitCode: ISSUE_COMMAND_EXIT_CODES.notFound,
+		});
+	}
+	const now = context.now || new Date().toISOString();
+	const actor = context.actor || 'forge';
+	const claim = loadActiveKernelClaimRow(runtime, db, id);
+	const liveClaim = isLiveClaim(claim, rows[0], now) ? claim : null;
+	const claimedBy = liveClaim ? (liveClaim.actor ?? null) : null;
+	const expired = claim ? isLeaseExpired(claim, now) : false;
+	// Ownership is per-SESSION, not just per-actor (kernel d71a824b): two agents
+	// sharing one human actor but running as DIFFERENT sessions must not both read
+	// OWNED for a lease only one of them holds. When BOTH the caller and the live
+	// lease carry a session-id they must match; if either side is session-less (a
+	// no-env caller, or a pre-session claim) we fall back to actor-only ownership so
+	// historical behavior is preserved byte-for-byte. An empty/whitespace-only
+	// session-id counts as session-LESS on BOTH sides — the SAME trim-truthy test the
+	// claim-key write uses (buildClaimMutationEvent in lib/kernel/broker.js) — so ''
+	// can never count as "present" here and "absent" there.
+	const normalizeSession = value => (typeof value === 'string' && value.trim() !== '' ? value : null);
+	const contextSession = normalizeSession(context.sessionId);
+	const claimSession = claim ? normalizeSession(claim.session_id) : null;
+	const sessionMismatch = contextSession !== null
+		&& claimSession !== null
+		&& contextSession !== claimSession;
+	const owned = Boolean(liveClaim) && claimedBy === actor && !sessionMismatch;
+	return okIssueResponse('issue.owns', {
+		id,
+		actor,
+		claimed_by: claimedBy,
+		owned,
+		expired,
+		expires_at: claim ? (claim.expires_at ?? null) : null,
+	});
+}
+
 // Read-side of driver.issueOperation: ready/list/show/search/stats as parameterized
 // SELECTs returning issue-command-contract shapes. Mutations are handled separately
 // through the broker's guarded-event path (later wave).
@@ -506,55 +634,7 @@ function runIssueReadOperation(runtime, db, operation, args, context) {
 		});
 	}
 	if (operation === 'owns') {
-		// Lease-ownership verification (kernel d71a824b). A claim returning ok:true does
-		// not prove the caller won the lease: a duplicate replay also returns ok:true, so
-		// a worker must CONFIRM it holds the live lease before mutating a claimed issue.
-		// `owned` is true iff the resolving actor holds the SINGLE active claim AND that
-		// lease has not expired. read summaries derive `claimed_by` from state='active'
-		// only (never expiry — see loadActiveKernelClaimRow), so owns re-applies the
-		// expiry check here: an expired-but-not-yet-reclaimed lease is NOT ownership
-		// (planClaimAcquisition would supersede it). Actor resolution mirrors the mutation
-		// path's `context.actor || 'forge'` default so a bare CLI invocation matches its
-		// own claims; `now` falls back to the wall clock like the mutation route.
-		const id = firstPositional(args);
-		const rows = allParams(runtime, db, 'SELECT * FROM kernel_issues WHERE id = ?', [id]);
-		if (!rows[0]) {
-			return formatIssueCommandError({
-				command: 'issue.owns',
-				code: 'FORGE_ISSUE_NOT_FOUND',
-				message: `Issue ${id ?? '<missing id>'} not found`,
-				exitCode: ISSUE_COMMAND_EXIT_CODES.notFound,
-			});
-		}
-		const now = context.now || new Date().toISOString();
-		const actor = context.actor || 'forge';
-		const claim = loadActiveKernelClaimRow(runtime, db, id);
-		const claimedBy = claim ? (claim.actor ?? null) : null;
-		const expired = claim ? isLeaseExpired(claim, now) : false;
-		// Ownership is per-SESSION, not just per-actor (kernel d71a824b): two agents
-		// sharing one human actor but running as DIFFERENT sessions must not both read
-		// OWNED for a lease only one of them holds. When BOTH the caller and the live
-		// lease carry a session-id they must match; if either side is session-less (a
-		// no-env caller, or a pre-session claim) we fall back to actor-only ownership so
-		// historical behavior is preserved byte-for-byte. An empty/whitespace-only
-		// session-id counts as session-LESS on BOTH sides — the SAME trim-truthy test the
-		// claim-key write uses (buildClaimMutationEvent in lib/kernel/broker.js) — so ''
-		// can never count as "present" here and "absent" there.
-		const normalizeSession = value => (typeof value === 'string' && value.trim() !== '' ? value : null);
-		const contextSession = normalizeSession(context.sessionId);
-		const claimSession = claim ? normalizeSession(claim.session_id) : null;
-		const sessionMismatch = contextSession !== null
-			&& claimSession !== null
-			&& contextSession !== claimSession;
-		const owned = Boolean(claim) && !expired && claimedBy === actor && !sessionMismatch;
-		return okIssueResponse('issue.owns', {
-			id,
-			actor,
-			claimed_by: claimedBy,
-			owned,
-			expired,
-			expires_at: claim ? (claim.expires_at ?? null) : null,
-		});
+		return runIssueOwnsRead(runtime, db, args, context);
 	}
 	if (operation === 'search') {
 		const term = `%${firstPositional(args) || ''}%`;
@@ -568,20 +648,17 @@ function runIssueReadOperation(runtime, db, operation, args, context) {
 		return okIssueResponse('issue.search', { issues: summaries, count: summaries.length });
 	}
 	if (operation === 'stats') {
-		const { index } = loadBoardReadiness(runtime, db, context);
+		const { index, liveClaims } = loadBoardReadiness(runtime, db, context);
 		const statusRows = allParams(runtime, db, 'SELECT status, COUNT(*) AS n FROM kernel_issues GROUP BY status');
 		const counts = {};
 		for (const row of statusRows) {
 			counts[row.status] = Number(row.n);
 		}
-		const activeClaims = Number(
-			safeAll(runtime, db, "SELECT COUNT(*) AS n FROM kernel_claims WHERE state = 'active'")[0]?.n || 0,
-		);
 		return okIssueResponse('issue.stats', {
 			counts,
 			ready_count: index.readyQueue.length,
 			blocked_count: index.blocked.length,
-			active_claims: activeClaims,
+			active_claims: liveClaims.length,
 		});
 	}
 	// KAP-7: derived read query — every issue whose readiness is blocked
@@ -696,24 +773,11 @@ function runIssueReadOperation(runtime, db, operation, args, context) {
 			count: children.length,
 		});
 	}
-	// Issue 7dc229d4: active lease/claims read for the dashboard live layer. The
-	// kernel_claims lease row carries the full who/what/where set (actor,
-	// session_id, worktree_id, expires_at, issue_id) — the CLI previously exposed
-	// only `claimed_by` (the actor). A lease is LIVE iff state='active' AND it has
-	// NOT expired at the read `now` (isLeaseExpired; a null expires_at never
-	// expires). An expired-but-not-yet-reclaimed lease is deliberately excluded:
-	// planClaimAcquisition would supersede it, so it is not a live presence signal
-	// (this mirrors the expiry check the `owns` verdict re-applies). Reads that
-	// derive claimed_by (loadBoardReadiness/loadActiveKernelClaimRow) filter on
-	// state only; THIS read additionally honors the lease TTL. Sorted by
-	// claimed_at (then issue_id) for deterministic output. The kernel_claims
-	// schema has NO `agent` column — the lease's who-dimension is actor +
-	// session_id + worktree_id — so no agent field is surfaced.
+	// Dashboard lease rows consume the same live-authority projection as stats,
+	// claimed_by, owns, and readiness. Sort by claimed_at then issue_id for stable output.
 	if (operation === 'claims') {
-		const nowIso = context.now || new Date().toISOString();
-		const rows = safeAll(runtime, db, "SELECT * FROM kernel_claims WHERE state = 'active'");
-		const claims = rows
-			.filter(row => !isLeaseExpired(row, nowIso))
+		const liveClaims = loadLiveKernelClaimRows(runtime, db, context);
+		const claims = liveClaims
 			.map(row => ({
 				id: row.id,
 				issue_id: row.issue_id,
@@ -749,11 +813,20 @@ const KERNEL_EVENT_COLUMNS = Object.freeze([
 	'created_at',
 ]);
 
+function assertGenericEventNamespace(event) {
+	if (!String(event.idempotency_key || '').startsWith('claim.repair:')) return;
+	throw new ClaimRepairError(
+		'CLAIM_REPAIR_RECEIPT_RESERVED',
+		'Generic event insertion cannot write the reserved claim-repair receipt namespace',
+	);
+}
+
 // Persist one event. The id is supplied by the caller or minted here (event ids are
 // TEXT, not autoincrement). The event's payload is stored as payload_json: a
 // pre-serialized payload_json wins, else the payload object is JSON-stringified. The
 // native UNIQUE(idempotency_key) error is intentionally NOT caught here.
 function insertKernelEventRow(runtime, db, event) {
+	assertGenericEventNamespace(event);
 	const id = event.id || randomUUID();
 	const payloadJson = event.payload_json ?? JSON.stringify(event.payload ?? {});
 	const row = {
@@ -790,13 +863,14 @@ function loadKernelEntityRow(runtime, db, entityType, entityId) {
 }
 
 // Read the full event stream for one entity, oldest first (matches
-// idx_kernel_events_entity_created; there is no seq column, so created_at is the
-// ordering key).
+// idx_kernel_events_entity_created. SQLite rowid is the authoritative local
+// insertion sequence when timestamps tie; event ids are random and cannot order
+// same-clock approval/rejection decisions.
 function listKernelEventRows(runtime, db, entityType, entityId) {
 	return allParams(
 		runtime,
 		db,
-		'SELECT * FROM kernel_events WHERE entity_type = ? AND entity_id = ? ORDER BY created_at ASC',
+		'SELECT * FROM kernel_events WHERE entity_type = ? AND entity_id = ? ORDER BY created_at ASC, rowid ASC',
 		[entityType, entityId],
 	);
 }
@@ -1107,6 +1181,67 @@ function updateKernelClaimStateRow(runtime, db, claimId, state) {
 	return { id: claimId, state };
 }
 
+function listActiveKernelClaimRows(runtime, db) {
+	return safeAll(runtime, db, "SELECT * FROM kernel_claims WHERE state = 'active' ORDER BY claimed_at ASC, issue_id ASC");
+}
+
+// Reconciliation must never release whichever lease happens to occupy an issue's
+// active slot after its evidence was gathered. Bind every ownership discriminator
+// from the observed row so a concurrent replacement makes this a zero-row no-op.
+function releaseExactKernelClaimRow(runtime, db, claim) {
+	const result = runParams(
+		runtime,
+		db,
+		`UPDATE kernel_claims SET state = 'released'
+		 WHERE id = ? AND issue_id = ? AND actor IS ? AND session_id IS ?
+			AND worktree_id IS ? AND state = 'active'`,
+		[claim.id, claim.issue_id, claim.actor ?? null, claim.session_id ?? null, claim.worktree_id ?? null],
+	);
+	return Number(result?.changes || 0) === 1;
+}
+
+function releaseExactKernelClaimIfWorktreeMissing(runtime, db, claim, expectedWorktree, isMissing) {
+	if (!expectedWorktree || typeof isMissing !== 'function') return false;
+	execSql(runtime, db, 'BEGIN IMMEDIATE;');
+	try {
+		const rows = safeAll(
+			runtime,
+			db,
+			`SELECT * FROM kernel_worktrees
+			 WHERE id = ? AND git_common_dir IS ? AND path = ? AND branch IS ?
+				AND actor IS ? AND issue_id IS ? AND work_folder IS ?
+				AND registered_at IS ? AND state = 'active'`,
+			[
+				expectedWorktree.id,
+				expectedWorktree.git_common_dir ?? null,
+				expectedWorktree.path,
+				expectedWorktree.branch ?? null,
+				expectedWorktree.actor ?? null,
+				expectedWorktree.issue_id ?? null,
+				expectedWorktree.work_folder ?? null,
+				expectedWorktree.registered_at ?? null,
+			],
+		);
+		const exact = rows.length === 1 && rows[0];
+		// This check deliberately runs under BEGIN IMMEDIATE to close the
+		// worktree-state TOCTOU window. Keep callbacks synchronous, local, and fast.
+		if (!exact || isMissing(exact.path, exact) !== true) {
+			execSql(runtime, db, 'ROLLBACK;');
+			return false;
+		}
+		const released = releaseExactKernelClaimRow(runtime, db, claim);
+		if (!released) {
+			execSql(runtime, db, 'ROLLBACK;');
+			return false;
+		}
+		execSql(runtime, db, 'COMMIT;');
+		return true;
+	} catch (error) {
+		try { execSql(runtime, db, 'ROLLBACK;'); } catch { /* preserve original failure */ }
+		throw error;
+	}
+}
+
 // --- Worktree-linkage primitives (P0 kernel linkage backbone). The kernel_worktrees
 // table is a plain authority registry (NOT event-sourced): `forge worktree create`
 // writes a row here so the kernel records issue → worktree → work-folder, and
@@ -1216,6 +1351,194 @@ function listWorktreeRows(runtime, db, filter = {}) {
 	return safeAll(runtime, db, 'SELECT * FROM kernel_worktrees ORDER BY registered_at DESC');
 }
 
+const TRACE_MAX_PULL_REQUESTS = 128;
+const TRACE_MAX_ITERATIONS = 128;
+
+function resolvePrLinkageRow(runtime, db, input = {}) {
+	let worktree = null;
+	if (input.worktree_id) {
+		worktree = safeAll(
+			runtime,
+			db,
+			"SELECT * FROM kernel_worktrees WHERE id = ? AND state = 'active' LIMIT 1",
+			[input.worktree_id],
+		)[0] || null;
+	} else if (input.branch && input.git_common_dir) {
+		worktree = safeAll(
+			runtime,
+			db,
+			`SELECT * FROM kernel_worktrees
+			 WHERE git_common_dir = ? AND branch = ? AND state = 'active'
+			 ORDER BY registered_at DESC LIMIT 1`,
+			[input.git_common_dir, input.branch],
+		)[0] || null;
+	}
+	const inferredIssueId = worktree?.issue_id ?? null;
+	const issueId = input.issue_id ?? inferredIssueId;
+	const issue = issueId
+		? safeAll(runtime, db, 'SELECT id, entity_revision FROM kernel_issues WHERE id = ? LIMIT 1', [issueId])[0] || null
+		: null;
+	return {
+		issue_id: issueId,
+		inferred_issue_id: inferredIssueId,
+		issue_revision: issue?.entity_revision ?? null,
+		worktree_id: worktree?.id ?? null,
+		worktree_matches: Boolean(worktree
+			&& worktree.git_common_dir === input.git_common_dir
+			&& worktree.branch === input.branch
+			&& worktree.issue_id === issueId),
+	};
+}
+
+function parseTraceEvent(row) {
+	let payload;
+	try {
+		payload = JSON.parse(row.payload_json || '{}');
+	} catch {
+		payload = {};
+	}
+	return {
+		id: row.id,
+		type: row.event_type,
+		at: row.created_at,
+		issue_id: payload.issue_id ?? null,
+		worktree_id: payload.worktree_id ?? null,
+		issue_revision: payload.issue_revision ?? null,
+		head_sha: payload.head_sha ?? null,
+		work_packet_hash: payload.work_packet_hash ?? null,
+		work_packet_identity: payload.work_packet_identity ?? null,
+		run_receipt_hash: payload.run_receipt_hash ?? null,
+		run_id: payload.run_id ?? null,
+		attempt_id: payload.attempt_id ?? null,
+		risk_manifest_digest: payload.risk_manifest_digest ?? null,
+		gate_receipts: payload.gate_receipts ?? null,
+		url: payload.url ?? null,
+	};
+}
+
+function isCompleteTraceIteration(event) {
+	if (!event.type?.startsWith('pr.')) return true;
+	return typeof event.issue_id === 'string' && event.issue_id.length > 0
+		&& typeof event.worktree_id === 'string' && event.worktree_id.length > 0
+		&& Number.isInteger(event.issue_revision) && event.issue_revision >= 0
+		&& /^[0-9a-f]{40}$/.test(event.head_sha)
+		&& /^[0-9a-f]{64}$/.test(event.work_packet_hash)
+		&& typeof event.work_packet_identity === 'string' && event.work_packet_identity.length > 0
+		&& /^[0-9a-f]{64}$/.test(event.run_receipt_hash)
+		&& /^[0-9a-f]{64}$/.test(event.risk_manifest_digest)
+		&& Array.isArray(event.gate_receipts) && event.gate_receipts.length > 0
+		&& event.gate_receipts.every(receipt => typeof receipt === 'string' && receipt.length > 0);
+}
+
+function loadPrTraceRow(runtime, db, row, gaps) {
+	let iterations = safeAll(
+		runtime,
+		db,
+		"SELECT * FROM kernel_events WHERE entity_type = 'pr' AND entity_id = ? ORDER BY created_at ASC, rowid ASC LIMIT ?",
+		[row.id, TRACE_MAX_ITERATIONS + 1],
+	);
+	if (iterations.length > TRACE_MAX_ITERATIONS) {
+		iterations = iterations.slice(0, TRACE_MAX_ITERATIONS);
+		gaps.push(`iterations:${row.id}:overflow`);
+	}
+	const parsedIterations = iterations.map(parseTraceEvent);
+	const prIterations = parsedIterations.filter(event => event.type?.startsWith('pr.'));
+	if (prIterations.length === 0) {
+		gaps.push(`iterations:${row.id}:missing`);
+	} else if (prIterations.some(event => !isCompleteTraceIteration(event))) {
+		gaps.push(`iterations:${row.id}:incomplete`);
+	}
+	return {
+		...row,
+		url: parsedIterations.find(event => event.url)?.url ?? null,
+		iterations: parsedIterations,
+	};
+}
+
+function loadSelectedTracePr(runtime, db, target) {
+	if (target.pr_number === undefined || target.pr_number === null) return null;
+	const clauses = ['number = ?'];
+	const params = [Number(target.pr_number)];
+	if (target.repo) {
+		clauses.push('repo = ?');
+		params.push(target.repo);
+	}
+	if (target.git_common_dir) {
+		clauses.push('git_common_dir = ?');
+		params.push(target.git_common_dir);
+	}
+	const matches = safeAll(
+		runtime,
+		db,
+		`SELECT * FROM kernel_pr WHERE ${clauses.join(' AND ')} ORDER BY registered_at DESC LIMIT 2`,
+		params,
+	);
+	if (matches.length > 1) throw new Error('Kernel trace PR target is ambiguous; supply repo and git_common_dir');
+	return matches[0] || null;
+}
+
+function appendSelectedTracePr(pullRequests, selectedPr, issueId, gaps) {
+	if (!selectedPr || pullRequests.some(row => row.id === selectedPr.id)) return pullRequests;
+	if (issueId && selectedPr.issue_id !== issueId) {
+		gaps.push(`pull_requests:${selectedPr.id}:unlinked_issue`);
+	}
+	const retained = pullRequests.length >= TRACE_MAX_PULL_REQUESTS
+		? pullRequests.slice(0, TRACE_MAX_PULL_REQUESTS - 1)
+		: pullRequests;
+	if (retained.length < pullRequests.length && !gaps.includes('pull_requests:overflow')) {
+		gaps.push('pull_requests:overflow');
+	}
+	return [...retained, selectedPr];
+}
+
+function loadTraceRows(runtime, db, target = {}) {
+	const gaps = [];
+	const selectedPr = loadSelectedTracePr(runtime, db, target);
+
+	const issueId = target.issue_id ?? selectedPr?.issue_id ?? null;
+	const issue = issueId
+		? safeAll(runtime, db, 'SELECT * FROM kernel_issues WHERE id = ? LIMIT 1', [issueId])[0] || null
+		: null;
+	let pullRequests = issue
+		? safeAll(
+			runtime,
+			db,
+			' SELECT * FROM kernel_pr WHERE issue_id = ? ORDER BY registered_at ASC, number ASC LIMIT ?',
+			[issue.id, TRACE_MAX_PULL_REQUESTS + 1],
+		)
+		: [];
+	if (pullRequests.length > TRACE_MAX_PULL_REQUESTS) {
+		pullRequests = pullRequests.slice(0, TRACE_MAX_PULL_REQUESTS);
+		gaps.push('pull_requests:overflow');
+	}
+	pullRequests = appendSelectedTracePr(pullRequests, selectedPr, issueId, gaps);
+
+	let worktree = null;
+	const issueWorktreeId = pullRequests.find(row => row.issue_id === issueId && row.worktree_id)?.worktree_id;
+	const selectedWorktreeId = !issueId || selectedPr?.issue_id === issueId ? selectedPr?.worktree_id : null;
+	const preferredWorktreeId = selectedWorktreeId || issueWorktreeId;
+	if (preferredWorktreeId) {
+		worktree = safeAll(runtime, db, 'SELECT * FROM kernel_worktrees WHERE id = ? LIMIT 1', [preferredWorktreeId])[0] || null;
+	}
+	if (!worktree && issue) {
+		worktree = safeAll(
+			runtime,
+			db,
+			`SELECT * FROM kernel_worktrees WHERE issue_id = ?
+			 ORDER BY CASE state WHEN 'active' THEN 0 ELSE 1 END, registered_at DESC LIMIT 1`,
+			[issue.id],
+		)[0] || null;
+	}
+
+	return {
+		issue,
+		worktree,
+		work_folder: worktree?.work_folder ?? null,
+		gaps,
+		pull_requests: pullRequests.map(row => loadPrTraceRow(runtime, db, row, gaps)),
+	};
+}
+
 // --- Stage-run registry (f61601ab). kernel_stage_runs records the REAL workflow
 // phase per issue so the dashboard/`show` read the phase instead of guessing it
 // from status+claim (a claimed-open issue with a merged PR would otherwise still
@@ -1374,6 +1697,78 @@ function recordStageTransitionRow(runtime, db, input) {
 	}
 }
 
+const PLAN_SNAPSHOT_METADATA_KEY = 'forge.plan.v1';
+
+function parseIssueMetadataObject(metadata) {
+	if (metadata == null || metadata === '') return {};
+	const parsed = typeof metadata === 'string' ? JSON.parse(metadata) : metadata;
+	if (!parsed || typeof parsed !== 'object' || Array.isArray(parsed)) {
+		throw new Error('issue metadata must be a JSON object');
+	}
+	return parsed;
+}
+
+function loadPlanSnapshotRow(runtime, db, issueId) {
+	const issue = loadKernelEntityRow(runtime, db, 'issue', issueId);
+	if (!issue) throw new Error(`Issue ${issueId} not found in the kernel`);
+	return parseIssueMetadataObject(issue.metadata)[PLAN_SNAPSHOT_METADATA_KEY] || null;
+}
+
+// Persist the plan snapshot and the plan->dev transition as one authority write.
+// The issue metadata column already exists, so this adds no schema or migration.
+// A normal issue.update event is appended in the same transaction so revision/CAS
+// history remains truthful rather than mutating the issue projection out-of-band.
+function recordPlanSnapshotTransitionRow(runtime, db, input) {
+	const issueId = input && input.issue_id;
+	const snapshot = input && input.snapshot;
+	if (!issueId || !snapshot) {
+		throw new Error('recordPlanSnapshotTransition requires issue_id and snapshot');
+	}
+	const now = input.now || new Date().toISOString();
+	execSql(runtime, db, 'BEGIN IMMEDIATE;');
+	try {
+		const issue = loadKernelEntityRow(runtime, db, 'issue', issueId);
+		if (!issue) throw new Error(`Issue ${issueId} not found in the kernel`);
+		const metadata = parseIssueMetadataObject(issue.metadata);
+		const established = metadata[PLAN_SNAPSHOT_METADATA_KEY];
+		if (established) {
+			if (established.digest === snapshot.digest) {
+				execSql(runtime, db, 'COMMIT;');
+				return { idempotent: true };
+			}
+			throw new Error('Kernel plan snapshot is immutable; reconcile repository drift before retrying');
+		}
+		metadata[PLAN_SNAPSHOT_METADATA_KEY] = snapshot;
+		const event = {
+			id: randomUUID(),
+			entity_type: 'issue',
+			entity_id: issueId,
+			event_type: 'issue.update',
+			idempotency_key: `plan.snapshot:${issueId}:${snapshot.digest}`,
+			expected_revision: Number(issue.entity_revision ?? 0),
+			actor: input.actor || 'forge-plan',
+			origin: 'local',
+			payload: { metadata: JSON.stringify(metadata) },
+			created_at: now,
+		};
+		insertKernelEventRow(runtime, db, event);
+		applyAcceptedIssueEvent(runtime, db, event, {});
+		const transition = {
+			from: recordStageRunRow(runtime, db, { issue_id: issueId, stage: 'plan', action: 'complete', now }),
+			to: recordStageRunRow(runtime, db, { issue_id: issueId, stage: 'dev', action: 'start', now }),
+		};
+		execSql(runtime, db, 'COMMIT;');
+		return transition;
+	} catch (error) {
+		try {
+			execSql(runtime, db, 'ROLLBACK;');
+		} catch {
+			// Preserve the original failure.
+		}
+		throw error;
+	}
+}
+
 function listStageRunRows(runtime, db, issueId) {
 	if (!issueId) return [];
 	// Deterministic order: started_at first, then rowid (the implicit INSERT sequence)
@@ -1585,6 +1980,15 @@ function applyAcceptedIssueEvent(runtime, db, event, context = {}) {
 // on this connection), so computeNewlyUnblocked sees the post-close readiness.
 function finalizeIssueMutation(runtime, db, event, issueId, revision, context) {
 	const summary = { id: issueId, revision };
+	const issue = loadKernelEntityRow(runtime, db, 'issue', issueId);
+	if (isTerminalStatus(issue?.status)) {
+		const claim = loadActiveKernelClaimRow(runtime, db, issueId);
+		if (claim && !releaseExactKernelClaimRow(runtime, db, claim)) {
+			const error = new Error(`failed to release current claim for terminal issue ${issueId}`);
+			error.code = 'FORGE_CLAIM_TERMINAL_RELEASE_CONFLICT';
+			throw error;
+		}
+	}
 	if (event.event_type === 'issue.close') {
 		summary.newly_unblocked = computeNewlyUnblocked(runtime, db, issueId, context);
 	}
@@ -1888,6 +2292,7 @@ function importIssueRecords(runtime, db, records = {}, options = {}) {
 		for (const event of activityEvents) {
 			if (!event || event.id == null) { summary.events.skipped += 1; continue; }
 			const row = buildImportEventRow(event, now);
+			assertGenericEventNamespace(row);
 			const result = runParams(runtime, db, eventSql, IMPORT_EVENT_COLUMNS.map(column => row[column]));
 			summary.events[wasInserted(result) ? 'inserted' : 'skipped'] += 1;
 		}
@@ -2029,23 +2434,43 @@ function searchMemoryRows(runtime, db, query) {
 	).map(memoryRowToEntry);
 }
 
-// Optional source_agent allow-list → a parameterized `WHERE source_agent IN (...)` clause.
-// Lets the default `recall` view show only human `remember` notes without loading and
-// filtering the whole table in JS. Returns { clause, params }; empty when no filter.
-function memoryAgentFilter(agents) {
-	if (!Array.isArray(agents) || agents.length === 0) {
-		return { clause: '', params: [] };
+// Optional source-agent and kind filters become one parameterized WHERE clause. This keeps
+// typed recall complete even when its oldest match lies outside a broad recent-note window.
+function memoryReadFilter(options = {}, table = 'kernel_memories') {
+	const predicates = [];
+	const params = [];
+	if (options.includeSuperseded !== true) {
+		predicates.push(`(COALESCE(${table}.scope, ''), ${table}.key) NOT IN (
+			SELECT COALESCE(superseder.scope, ''), superseded.value
+			FROM kernel_memories superseder,
+				json_each(COALESCE(superseder.supersedes_json, '[]')) superseded
+			WHERE superseded.type = 'text'
+				AND superseder.key != superseded.value
+		)`);
+	}
+	if (Array.isArray(options.agents) && options.agents.length > 0) {
+		predicates.push(`${table}.source_agent IN (${options.agents.map(() => '?').join(', ')})`);
+		params.push(...options.agents);
 	}
-	const placeholders = agents.map(() => '?').join(', ');
-	return { clause: ` WHERE source_agent IN (${placeholders})`, params: [...agents] };
+	if (typeof options.kind === 'string' && options.kind.trim()) {
+		predicates.push(`EXISTS (
+			SELECT 1 FROM json_each(${table}.tags_json)
+			WHERE lower(json_each.value) = ?
+		)`);
+		params.push(`type:${options.kind.trim().toLowerCase()}`);
+	}
+	return {
+		clause: predicates.length > 0 ? ` WHERE ${predicates.join(' AND ')}` : '',
+		params,
+	};
 }
 
 // The newest `limit` entries by logical (as-of) timestamp — the default read model for
 // `recall` with no query. rowid breaks ties so same-timestamp rows are still deterministic.
-// An optional `agents` allow-list scopes the view (e.g. to human `remember` notes).
-function recentMemoryRows(runtime, db, limit, agents) {
+// Optional `agents` and `kind` filters scope the view before the limit is applied.
+function recentMemoryRows(runtime, db, limit, options = {}) {
 	const capped = Number.isInteger(limit) && limit > 0 ? limit : 20;
-	const { clause, params } = memoryAgentFilter(agents);
+	const { clause, params } = memoryReadFilter(options);
 	return allParams(
 		runtime,
 		db,
@@ -2054,10 +2479,10 @@ function recentMemoryRows(runtime, db, limit, agents) {
 	).map(memoryRowToEntry);
 }
 
-// Total number of stored memories (optionally scoped by `agents`) — paired with
+// Total number of stored memories (optionally scoped by `agents` and `kind`) — paired with
 // recentMemoryRows so `recall` can report "showing N of TOTAL" instead of silently truncating.
-function countMemoryRows(runtime, db, agents) {
-	const { clause, params } = memoryAgentFilter(agents);
+function countMemoryRows(runtime, db, options = {}) {
+	const { clause, params } = memoryReadFilter(options);
 	const rows = allParams(runtime, db, `SELECT count(*) AS count FROM kernel_memories${clause}`, params);
 	return Number((rows[0] || {}).count) || 0;
 }
@@ -2086,21 +2511,26 @@ function buildMemoryFtsMatchOr(query) {
 // BM25 top-N recall over the kernel_memories_fts index (migration 008). Joins the FTS
 // rowid back to the memory row and orders by bm25 (lower = better match). An empty/tokenless
 // query falls back to recent entries so `recall` never returns a bare full dump.
-function searchMemoryRowsRanked(runtime, db, query, limit) {
+function searchMemoryRowsRanked(runtime, db, query, limit, options = {}) {
 	const capped = Number.isInteger(limit) && limit > 0 ? limit : 20;
 	const match = buildMemoryFtsMatch(query);
 	if (!match) {
-		return recentMemoryRows(runtime, db, capped);
+		return recentMemoryRows(runtime, db, capped, options);
 	}
+	const { clause, params } = memoryReadFilter({
+		kind: options.kind,
+		includeSuperseded: options.includeSuperseded,
+	}, 'm');
+	const kindPredicate = clause ? clause.replace(/^ WHERE /, ' AND ') : '';
 	return allParams(
 		runtime,
 		db,
 		`SELECT m.* FROM kernel_memories m
 			JOIN kernel_memories_fts ON kernel_memories_fts.rowid = m.rowid
-			WHERE kernel_memories_fts MATCH ?
+			WHERE kernel_memories_fts MATCH ?${kindPredicate}
 			ORDER BY bm25(kernel_memories_fts)
 			LIMIT ?`,
-		[match, capped],
+		[match, ...params, capped],
 	).map(memoryRowToEntry);
 }
 
@@ -2151,6 +2581,14 @@ function searchMemoryRowsRankedScored(runtime, db, query, limit, options = {}) {
 		: '';
 	const confirmed = confirmedMemorySql('m');
 	const supersederConfirmed = confirmedMemorySql('s');
+	const supersessionPredicate = options.includeSuperseded === true
+		? ''
+		: `AND NOT EXISTS (
+			SELECT 1
+			FROM eligible_superseders superseder
+			WHERE superseder.memory_key = m.key
+			AND (superseder.is_confirmed = 1 OR NOT ${confirmed})
+		)`;
 	// Expand eligible supersession edges once. A correlated json_each scan repeated the
 	// entire memory table for every FTS candidate and dominated the 1,000-row prompt path.
 	// Recall temporarily waits less than the connection default so a real lock cannot outlive
@@ -2181,12 +2619,7 @@ function searchMemoryRowsRankedScored(runtime, db, query, limit, options = {}) {
 			AND ${projectMemoryScopeSql('m')}
 			AND (${confirmed} OR m.updated_at >= ?)
 			${seenSql}
-			AND NOT EXISTS (
-				SELECT 1
-				FROM eligible_superseders superseder
-				WHERE superseder.memory_key = m.key
-				AND (superseder.is_confirmed = 1 OR NOT ${confirmed})
-			)
+			${supersessionPredicate}
 			ORDER BY bm25(kernel_memories_fts),
 				CASE WHEN ${confirmed} THEN 0 ELSE 1 END,
 				m.source_agent ASC, m.updated_at DESC, m.key ASC
@@ -2209,77 +2642,2197 @@ function closeDatabase(db) {
 	}
 }
 
-function createDriver(runtime, configuredDatabasePath) {
-	let db;
-	let openedDatabasePath;
-	let memorySchemaEnsured = false;
+const WATCH_OWNER_TABLE = 'kernel_pr_watch_owners';
+const WATCH_GATE_TABLE = 'kernel_pr_watch_migration_gate';
+const WATCH_OWNER_SCHEMA_COLUMNS = Object.freeze([
+	{ name: 'repo', type: 'TEXT', notnull: 1, pk: 1 },
+	{ name: 'pr', type: 'INTEGER', notnull: 1, pk: 2 },
+	{ name: 'version', type: 'INTEGER', notnull: 1, pk: 0 },
+	{ name: 'generation', type: 'TEXT', notnull: 1, pk: 0 },
+	{ name: 'phase', type: 'TEXT', notnull: 1, pk: 0 },
+	{ name: 'controller_pid', type: 'INTEGER', notnull: 0, pk: 0 },
+	{ name: 'watcher_pid', type: 'INTEGER', notnull: 0, pk: 0 },
+	{ name: 'started_at', type: 'TEXT', notnull: 1, pk: 0 },
+	{ name: 'updated_at', type: 'TEXT', notnull: 1, pk: 0 },
+	{ name: 'heartbeat_at', type: 'TEXT', notnull: 0, pk: 0 },
+	{ name: 'terminal_receipt_id', type: 'TEXT', notnull: 0, pk: 0 },
+	{ name: 'block_reason', type: 'TEXT', notnull: 0, pk: 0 },
+	{ name: 'legacy_evidence_hash', type: 'TEXT', notnull: 0, pk: 0 },
+]);
+const WATCH_GATE_SCHEMA_COLUMNS = Object.freeze([
+	{ name: 'singleton', type: 'INTEGER', notnull: 1, pk: 1 },
+	{ name: 'state', type: 'TEXT', notnull: 1, pk: 0 },
+	{ name: 'snapshot_hash', type: 'TEXT', notnull: 0, pk: 0 },
+	{ name: 'conflict_code', type: 'TEXT', notnull: 0, pk: 0 },
+	{ name: 'updated_at', type: 'TEXT', notnull: 1, pk: 0 },
+]);
 
-	// kernel_memories is created by migration 005 through broker.initialize(), but the
-	// synchronous project-memory facade writes WITHOUT first running migrations. Lazily
-	// ensure the table (idempotent CREATE IF NOT EXISTS, rendered from the same migration)
-	// plus a busy_timeout for the second connection the issue backend may hold open.
-	function ensureMemorySchema(database, busyTimeoutMs) {
-		if (memorySchemaEnsured) return;
-		const requestedBusyTimeout = Number(busyTimeoutMs);
-		const busyTimeout = Number.isFinite(requestedBusyTimeout) && requestedBusyTimeout >= 0
-			? Math.floor(requestedBusyTimeout)
-			: 5_000;
-		execSql(runtime, database, `PRAGMA busy_timeout=${busyTimeout};`);
-		try {
-			for (const statement of buildMemoryProjectionMigration().apply) {
-				execSql(runtime, database, statement);
-			}
-		// FTS5 recall index (migration 008): create the virtual table + sync triggers
-		// idempotently so a synchronous memory write stays indexed without a prior
-		// broker.initialize(). When the index is NEWLY created, rebuild once to backfill any
-		// rows written before it existed (a DB upgraded from before this feature, or rows the
-		// insights engine wrote straight to kernel_memories) — the sync triggers keep it
-		// current thereafter, so steady-state process starts skip the reindex.
-		//
-		// Staleness is detected by TABLE EXISTENCE (sqlite_master), never by count(*): on an
-		// external-content FTS5 table `count(*)` returns the CONTENT row count, not the
-		// indexed-doc count, so it can never reveal an un-backfilled index.
-			const ftsDdl = memoryFtsDdl();
-			const ftsExisted = Number(queryOne(
-				runtime,
-				database,
-				"SELECT count(*) AS count FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table' AND name = 'kernel_memories_fts'",
-			).count) > 0;
-			execSql(runtime, database, ftsDdl.create);
-			for (const trigger of ftsDdl.triggers) {
-				execSql(runtime, database, trigger);
-			}
-			if (!ftsExisted) {
-				execSql(runtime, database, ftsDdl.rebuild);
-			}
-			memorySchemaEnsured = true;
-		} finally {
-			if (busyTimeout !== 5_000) {
-				execSql(runtime, database, 'PRAGMA busy_timeout=5000;');
-			}
-		}
+function watchOwnerStoreError(code, message, cause) {
+	const error = new Error(message);
+	error.code = code;
+	if (cause) error.cause = cause;
+	return error;
+}
+
+function assertWatchOwnerDatabasePath(databasePath, options = {}) {
+	if (typeof databasePath !== 'string' || !databasePath
+		|| databasePath === ':memory:' || databasePath.startsWith('file:')) {
+		throw watchOwnerStoreError('AUTHORITY_UNAVAILABLE', 'Watcher authority requires an existing file-backed Kernel database');
+	}
+	const resolved = path.resolve(databasePath);
+	const filesystemDeps = options.watchOwnerFilesystemDeps || {};
+	const authorityFilesystemDeps = {
+		...filesystemDeps,
+		env: { ...(filesystemDeps.env || process.env), FORGE_KERNEL_ALLOW_UNSAFE_FS: '' },
+	};
+	if (path.basename(resolved) !== 'kernel.sqlite' || path.basename(path.dirname(resolved)) !== 'forge') {
+		throw watchOwnerStoreError('AUTHORITY_UNAVAILABLE', 'Watcher authority database path is outside the canonical forge/kernel.sqlite location');
+	}
+	try {
+		assertFilesystemSafeForKernel(resolved, authorityFilesystemDeps);
+	} catch (error) {
+		throw watchOwnerStoreError('AUTHORITY_UNAVAILABLE', 'Watcher authority database is on a refused filesystem class', error);
+	}
+	let stat;
+	try {
+		stat = fs.statSync(resolved);
+	} catch (error) {
+		throw watchOwnerStoreError('AUTHORITY_UNAVAILABLE', 'Watcher authority database does not exist', error);
+	}
+	if (!stat.isFile()) {
+		throw watchOwnerStoreError('AUTHORITY_UNAVAILABLE', 'Watcher authority database is not a regular file');
+	}
+	let realPath;
+	try {
+		realPath = fs.realpathSync(resolved);
+	} catch (error) {
+		throw watchOwnerStoreError('AUTHORITY_UNAVAILABLE', 'Watcher authority database path cannot be resolved', error);
+	}
+	if (path.basename(realPath) !== 'kernel.sqlite' || path.basename(path.dirname(realPath)) !== 'forge') {
+		throw watchOwnerStoreError('AUTHORITY_UNAVAILABLE', 'Watcher authority database resolves outside the canonical forge/kernel.sqlite location');
+	}
+	try {
+		assertFilesystemSafeForKernel(realPath, authorityFilesystemDeps);
+	} catch (error) {
+		throw watchOwnerStoreError('AUTHORITY_UNAVAILABLE', 'Watcher authority database resolves through a refused filesystem class', error);
 	}
+	return { realPath, dev: stat.dev, ino: stat.ino };
+}
 
-	function resolveDatabasePath(config) {
-		const brokerDatabasePath = config && config.databasePath;
-		if (configuredDatabasePath && brokerDatabasePath && configuredDatabasePath !== brokerDatabasePath) {
-			throw new Error([
-				'Kernel SQLite driver databasePath mismatch:',
-				`driver is configured for ${configuredDatabasePath}`,
-				`but broker config uses ${brokerDatabasePath}`,
-			].join(' '));
+function sameWatchOwnerDatabaseIdentity(expected, actual) {
+	return expected.realPath === actual.realPath
+		&& expected.dev === actual.dev
+		&& expected.ino === actual.ino;
+}
+
+function openWatchOwnerDatabase(runtime, validated) {
+	let database;
+	let guard;
+	try {
+		// SQLite's filename constructor may create a missing file. Hold a must-exist
+		// descriptor across the open so a path swap after validation fails before any
+		// runtime can create or rebind the authority database.
+		guard = fs.openSync(validated.realPath, 'r+');
+		const guardedStat = fs.fstatSync(guard);
+		if (!sameWatchOwnerDatabaseIdentity(validated, {
+			realPath: validated.realPath, dev: guardedStat.dev, ino: guardedStat.ino,
+		})) {
+			throw new Error('authority file identity changed before open');
 		}
-		const databasePath = brokerDatabasePath || configuredDatabasePath;
-		if (!databasePath) {
-			throw new Error('Kernel SQLite driver requires a databasePath or broker config databasePath');
+		database = createExistingWatchOwnerDatabase(runtime, validated.realPath);
+		const main = queryAll(runtime, database, 'PRAGMA database_list;')
+			.find(row => row.name === 'main');
+		if (!main || typeof main.file !== 'string' || !main.file) {
+			throw new Error('opened database did not expose a file-backed main database');
+		}
+		const openedPath = path.resolve(main.file);
+		const openedRealPath = fs.realpathSync(openedPath);
+		const openedStat = fs.statSync(openedRealPath);
+		const actual = { realPath: openedRealPath, dev: openedStat.dev, ino: openedStat.ino };
+		if (!sameWatchOwnerDatabaseIdentity(validated, actual)) {
+			throw new Error('opened database identity differs from the validated authority file');
+		}
+		return database;
+	} catch (error) {
+		closeDatabase(database);
+		throw watchOwnerStoreError('AUTHORITY_UNAVAILABLE', 'Watcher authority database changed while opening', error);
+	} finally {
+		if (guard != null) {
+			try { fs.closeSync(guard); } catch { /* preserve the open/identity result */ }
 		}
-		return databasePath;
 	}
+}
 
-	function getDatabase(config) {
-		const databasePath = resolveDatabasePath(config);
+function watchOwnerBusyTimeout(options = {}) {
+	const requested = Number(options.watchOwnerBusyTimeoutMs);
+	if (!Number.isFinite(requested)) return 1_000;
+	return Math.max(0, Math.min(5_000, Math.floor(requested)));
+}
+
+function hasExactWatchSchemaColumns(runtime, db, tableName, expectedColumns) {
+	const columns = queryAll(runtime, db, `PRAGMA table_info('${tableName}')`);
+	return columns.length === expectedColumns.length
+		&& columns.every((column, index) => {
+			const expected = expectedColumns[index];
+			return column.name === expected.name
+				&& String(column.type).toUpperCase() === expected.type
+				&& Number(column.notnull) === expected.notnull
+				&& Number(column.pk) === expected.pk;
+		});
+}
+
+// Triggers owned by the authority tables are forbidden outright, and so are
+// triggers on any other table whose body even references an authority table:
+// quoted or schema-qualified identifiers would otherwise evade write-shape
+// matching, so a mere mention fails closed.
+function hasUnexpectedWatchAuthorityTriggers(runtime, db) {
+	const triggers = allParams(
+		runtime,
+		db,
+		"SELECT tbl_name AS tbl_name, sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'trigger'",
+	);
+	const authorityMention = new RegExp(
+		`(?:${WATCH_OWNER_TABLE}|${WATCH_GATE_TABLE})`,
+		'i',
+	);
+	return triggers.some(trigger => {
+		const owned = [WATCH_OWNER_TABLE, WATCH_GATE_TABLE].includes(String(trigger.tbl_name).toLowerCase());
+		return owned || (typeof trigger.sql === 'string' && authorityMention.test(trigger.sql));
+	});
+}
+
+// Inbound ON DELETE CASCADE foreign keys would make abort/release delete rows
+// in unrelated tables (or vice versa), so any referencing table fails closed.
+// Outbound cascades declared on the authority tables themselves are equally
+// forbidden: deleting a referenced parent must never erase authority rows.
+function hasForbiddenWatchOwnerForeignKeys(runtime, db) {
+	const tables = allParams(
+		runtime,
+		db,
+		"SELECT name FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table' AND name NOT IN (?, ?)",
+		[WATCH_OWNER_TABLE, WATCH_GATE_TABLE],
+	);
+	for (const { name } of tables) {
+		const references = allParams(runtime, db, `PRAGMA foreign_key_list("${name.replace(/"/g, '""')}")`);
+		if (references.some(reference => [WATCH_OWNER_TABLE, WATCH_GATE_TABLE]
+			.includes(String(reference.table).toLowerCase()))) return true;
+	}
+	for (const table of [WATCH_OWNER_TABLE, WATCH_GATE_TABLE]) {
+		if (allParams(runtime, db, `PRAGMA foreign_key_list("${table}")`).length > 0) return true;
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+// Extra uniqueness constraints (e.g. UNIQUE(repo) ON CONFLICT REPLACE) let a
+// later insert silently delete an earlier authority row, so anything beyond
+// the migration's primary-key indexes fails closed.
+function hasUnexpectedWatchAuthorityIndexes(runtime, db) {
+	for (const table of [WATCH_OWNER_TABLE, WATCH_GATE_TABLE]) {
+		const indexes = allParams(runtime, db, `PRAGMA index_list("${table}")`);
+		if (indexes.some(index => index.origin !== 'pk')) return true;
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+function assertWatchOwnerSchema(runtime, db) {
+	const rows = allParams(
+		runtime,
+		db,
+		"SELECT name FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table' AND name IN (?, ?)",
+		[WATCH_OWNER_TABLE, WATCH_GATE_TABLE],
+	);
+	const tables = new Set(rows.map(row => row.name));
+	if (!tables.has(WATCH_OWNER_TABLE) || !tables.has(WATCH_GATE_TABLE)) {
+		throw watchOwnerStoreError('AUTHORITY_UNAVAILABLE', 'Watcher authority schema is not initialized; run Kernel migrations');
+	}
+	if (!hasExactWatchSchemaColumns(runtime, db, WATCH_OWNER_TABLE, WATCH_OWNER_SCHEMA_COLUMNS)
+		|| !hasExactWatchSchemaColumns(runtime, db, WATCH_GATE_TABLE, WATCH_GATE_SCHEMA_COLUMNS)
+		|| hasUnexpectedWatchAuthorityTriggers(runtime, db)
+		|| hasUnexpectedWatchAuthorityIndexes(runtime, db)) {
+		throw watchOwnerStoreError('AUTHORITY_UNAVAILABLE', 'Watcher authority schema does not match the Kernel migration');
+	}
+	if (hasForbiddenWatchOwnerForeignKeys(runtime, db)) {
+		throw watchOwnerStoreError('AUTHORITY_UNAVAILABLE', 'Watcher authority tables participate in a forbidden foreign key relationship');
+	}
+}
+
+const activeWatchOwnerConnections = new WeakSet();
+
+function runWatchOwnerTransactionOnConnection(runtime, database, options, operation) {
+	if (typeof operation !== 'function'
+		|| operation.constructor?.name === 'AsyncFunction') {
+		throw watchOwnerStoreError('INVALID_OPERATION', 'Watcher authority transactions require a synchronous operation');
+	}
+	if (activeWatchOwnerConnections.has(database)) {
+		throw watchOwnerStoreError('INVALID_OPERATION', 'Watcher authority transaction re-entry on the same connection is forbidden');
+	}
+	activeWatchOwnerConnections.add(database);
+	const timeout = watchOwnerBusyTimeout(options);
+	let active = false;
+	let committed = false;
+	try {
+		let previousTimeout;
+		let timeoutInstalled = false;
+		let result;
+		let transactionError;
+		let restorationError;
+		try {
+			previousTimeout = Number(queryOne(runtime, database, 'PRAGMA busy_timeout;').timeout) || 0;
+			execSql(runtime, database, `PRAGMA busy_timeout=${timeout};`);
+			timeoutInstalled = true;
+			execSql(runtime, database, 'PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON;');
+			execSql(runtime, database, 'BEGIN IMMEDIATE;');
+			active = true;
+			assertWatchOwnerSchema(runtime, database);
+			result = operation(database, nestedOperation => runWatchOwnerTransactionOnConnection(
+				runtime, database, options, nestedOperation,
+			));
+			if (result && typeof result.then === 'function') {
+				throw watchOwnerStoreError('INVALID_OPERATION', 'Watcher authority transactions cannot return a thenable');
+			}
+			execSql(runtime, database, 'COMMIT;');
+			active = false;
+			committed = true;
+		} catch (error) {
+			if (active) rollbackTransaction(runtime, database);
+			transactionError = /database is locked|SQLITE_BUSY/i.test(String(error?.message || ''))
+				? watchOwnerStoreError('AUTHORITY_UNAVAILABLE', `Watcher authority remained busy after ${timeout}ms`, error)
+				: error;
+		} finally {
+			if (timeoutInstalled) {
+				try {
+					execSql(runtime, database, `PRAGMA busy_timeout=${previousTimeout};`);
+				} catch (error) {
+					restorationError = watchOwnerStoreError('AUTHORITY_UNAVAILABLE', 'Watcher authority timeout restoration failed', error);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if (transactionError) throw transactionError;
+		if (restorationError && !committed) throw restorationError;
+		return result;
+	} finally {
+		activeWatchOwnerConnections.delete(database);
+	}
+}
+
+function runWatchOwnerTransaction(runtime, databasePath, options, operation) {
+	const validated = assertWatchOwnerDatabasePath(databasePath, options);
+	const database = openWatchOwnerDatabase(runtime, validated);
+	try {
+		return runWatchOwnerTransactionOnConnection(runtime, database, options, operation);
+	} finally {
+		closeDatabase(database);
+	}
+}
+
+const WATCH_OWNER_PHASES = new Set(['starting', 'running', 'stop_requested', 'terminal_pending', 'complete', 'blocked']);
+const WATCH_OWNER_BLOCK_REASONS = new Set([
+	'legacy_live_pid',
+	'legacy_conflict',
+	'legacy_unreadable',
+	'legacy_lossy',
+	'legacy_receipt_unverified',
+]);
+const WATCH_OWNER_GENERATION_OPERATIONS = new Set([
+	'reserveReopened', 'bindRunning', 'heartbeat', 'requestStop', 'recordTerminal',
+	'completeTerminal', 'abortStarting', 'releaseNonterminal', 'recoverDeadStarting',
+	'recoverDeadWatcher', 'recheckLegacyBlocked',
+]);
+const WATCH_OWNER_MONOTONIC_OPERATIONS = new Set([
+	'reserveReopened', 'bindRunning', 'heartbeat', 'requestStop', 'recordTerminal',
+	'completeTerminal', 'recoverDeadStarting', 'recoverDeadWatcher', 'markLegacyBlocked',
+	'recheckLegacyBlocked', 'importLegacyStarting', 'importLegacyComplete',
+]);
+const WATCH_OWNER_EVIDENCE_BOUND_OPERATIONS = new Set([
+	'reserveReopened', 'recordTerminal', 'completeTerminal', 'abortStarting',
+	'recoverDeadStarting', 'recoverDeadWatcher', 'markLegacyBlocked', 'recheckLegacyBlocked',
+	'importLegacyStarting', 'importLegacyComplete',
+]);
+const WATCH_OWNER_SNAPSHOT_FIELDS = Object.freeze([
+	'repo', 'pr', 'version', 'generation', 'phase', 'controller_pid', 'watcher_pid',
+	'started_at', 'updated_at', 'heartbeat_at', 'terminal_receipt_id', 'block_reason',
+	'legacy_evidence_hash',
+]);
+const WATCH_GATE_SNAPSHOT_FIELDS = Object.freeze([
+	'singleton', 'state', 'snapshot_hash', 'conflict_code', 'updated_at',
+]);
+const WATCH_OWNER_MUTATION_FIELDS = Object.freeze([
+	'repo', 'pr', 'controllerPid', 'watcherPid', 'expectedControllerPid', 'generation',
+	'terminalReceiptId', 'expectedReceiptId', 'now', 'snapshotHash', 'legacyEvidenceHash',
+	'blockReason', 'action', 'expectedSnapshot', 'expectedGate',
+]);
+const WATCH_GATE_STATES = new Set(['quarantined', 'conflict', 'complete']);
+const WATCH_GATE_CONFLICT_CODES = new Set([
+	'legacy_identity_unmappable',
+	'legacy_snapshot_changed',
+	'legacy_owner_conflict',
+]);
+const WATCH_REPOSITORY = /^[a-z0-9_.-]+\/[a-z0-9_.-]+$/;
+const WATCH_SHA256 = /^[0-9a-f]{64}$/;
+const WATCH_TIMESTAMP = /^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}T\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}\.\d{3}Z$/;
+const WATCH_OWNER_ENUMERATION_LIMIT = 4_096;
+const WATCH_OWNER_ENUMERATION_BYTES = 4 * 1024 * 1024;
+
+function watchUtf8Bytes(value) {
+	return typeof value === 'string' ? Buffer.byteLength(value, 'utf8') : -1;
+}
+
+function watchTimestamp(value) {
+	if (typeof value !== 'string' || watchUtf8Bytes(value) !== 24 || !WATCH_TIMESTAMP.test(value)) return false;
+	try {
+		return new Date(value).toISOString() === value;
+	} catch {
+		return false;
+	}
+}
+
+function positiveWatchPid(value) {
+	return Number.isSafeInteger(value) && value > 0;
+}
+
+function boundedWatchString(value, maxBytes) {
+	const bytes = watchUtf8Bytes(value);
+	return typeof value === 'string' && bytes > 0 && bytes <= maxBytes;
+}
+
+function optionalWatchString(value, maxBytes) {
+	return value == null || boundedWatchString(value, maxBytes);
+}
+
+function validWatchRepository(value) {
+	return boundedWatchString(value, 256) && WATCH_REPOSITORY.test(value);
+}
+
+function validWatchHash(value) {
+	return typeof value === 'string' && WATCH_SHA256.test(value);
+}
+
+function validWatchOwnerRow(row) {
+	if (!row || row.version !== 1 || !validWatchRepository(row.repo)
+		|| !Number.isSafeInteger(row.pr) || row.pr <= 0
+		|| !boundedWatchString(row.generation, 128)
+		|| !WATCH_OWNER_PHASES.has(row.phase) || !watchTimestamp(row.started_at)
+		|| !watchTimestamp(row.updated_at) || row.updated_at < row.started_at
+		|| !optionalWatchString(row.terminal_receipt_id, 256)) return false;
+	const controller = row.controller_pid;
+	const watcher = row.watcher_pid;
+	if ((controller != null && !positiveWatchPid(controller)) || (watcher != null && !positiveWatchPid(watcher))) return false;
+	if (row.heartbeat_at != null && (!watchTimestamp(row.heartbeat_at)
+		|| row.heartbeat_at < row.started_at || row.heartbeat_at > row.updated_at)) return false;
+	if (row.legacy_evidence_hash != null && !validWatchHash(row.legacy_evidence_hash)) return false;
+	if (row.phase === 'starting') {
+		return controller != null && watcher == null && row.heartbeat_at == null
+			&& row.terminal_receipt_id == null && row.block_reason == null;
+	}
+	if (row.phase === 'running' || row.phase === 'stop_requested') {
+		return controller == null && watcher != null && row.heartbeat_at != null
+			&& row.terminal_receipt_id == null && row.block_reason == null;
+	}
+	if (row.phase === 'terminal_pending') {
+		return controller == null && watcher != null && row.heartbeat_at != null
+			&& row.terminal_receipt_id != null && row.block_reason == null;
+	}
+	if (row.phase === 'complete') {
+		return controller == null && watcher == null && row.heartbeat_at == null
+			&& row.terminal_receipt_id != null && row.block_reason == null;
+	}
+	if (!WATCH_OWNER_BLOCK_REASONS.has(row.block_reason) || row.legacy_evidence_hash == null
+		|| controller != null || row.heartbeat_at != null) return false;
+	return row.block_reason === 'legacy_live_pid' ? watcher != null : watcher == null;
+}
+
+function validWatchGateRow(row) {
+	if (!row || row.singleton !== 1 || !WATCH_GATE_STATES.has(row.state)
+		|| !watchTimestamp(row.updated_at)) return false;
+	if (row.state === 'quarantined') {
+		return (row.snapshot_hash == null || validWatchHash(row.snapshot_hash)) && row.conflict_code == null;
+	}
+	if (!validWatchHash(row.snapshot_hash)) return false;
+	return row.state === 'complete'
+		? row.conflict_code == null
+		: WATCH_GATE_CONFLICT_CODES.has(row.conflict_code);
+}
+
+function copyWatchGateSnapshot(gate) {
+	if (gate === null) return null;
+	try {
+		const copy = Object.fromEntries(WATCH_GATE_SNAPSHOT_FIELDS.map(field => [field, gate[field]]));
+		return validWatchGateRow(copy) ? copy : undefined;
+	} catch {
+		return undefined;
+	}
+}
+
+function sameWatchGateSnapshot(current, expected) {
+	if (current == null || expected == null) return current == null && expected == null;
+	return WATCH_GATE_SNAPSHOT_FIELDS.every(field => Object.is(current[field], expected[field]));
+}
+
+function readWatchOwnerRow(runtime, database, input) {
+	return allParams(
+		runtime,
+		database,
+		`SELECT * FROM ${WATCH_OWNER_TABLE} WHERE repo = ? AND pr = ?`,
+		[input.repo, input.pr],
+	)[0] || null;
+}
+
+function saveWatchOwnerRow(runtime, database, row, insert = false) {
+	const columns = [
+		row.repo, row.pr, row.version, row.generation, row.phase, row.controller_pid,
+		row.watcher_pid, row.started_at, row.updated_at, row.heartbeat_at,
+		row.terminal_receipt_id, row.block_reason, row.legacy_evidence_hash,
+	];
+	if (insert) {
+		runParams(runtime, database, `INSERT INTO ${WATCH_OWNER_TABLE}
+			(repo, pr, version, generation, phase, controller_pid, watcher_pid, started_at,
+			 updated_at, heartbeat_at, terminal_receipt_id, block_reason, legacy_evidence_hash)
+			VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`, columns);
+		return;
+	}
+	runParams(runtime, database, `UPDATE ${WATCH_OWNER_TABLE} SET
+		version = ?, generation = ?, phase = ?, controller_pid = ?, watcher_pid = ?,
+		started_at = ?, updated_at = ?, heartbeat_at = ?, terminal_receipt_id = ?,
+		block_reason = ?, legacy_evidence_hash = ? WHERE repo = ? AND pr = ?`, [
+		row.version, row.generation, row.phase, row.controller_pid, row.watcher_pid,
+		row.started_at, row.updated_at, row.heartbeat_at, row.terminal_receipt_id,
+		row.block_reason, row.legacy_evidence_hash, row.repo, row.pr,
+	]);
+}
+
+function deleteWatchOwnerRow(runtime, database, input) {
+	runParams(runtime, database, `DELETE FROM ${WATCH_OWNER_TABLE} WHERE repo = ? AND pr = ?`, [input.repo, input.pr]);
+}
+
+function watchOwnerResult(ok, changed, reason, row = null) {
+	return { ok, changed, reason, row };
+}
+
+function watchOwnerMismatch(current, input, phases) {
+	if (!current) return 'absent';
+	if (!validWatchOwnerRow(current)) return 'corrupt';
+	if (input.generation != null && current.generation !== input.generation) return 'generation_mismatch';
+	if (phases && ![].concat(phases).includes(current.phase)) return 'phase_mismatch';
+	return null;
+}
+
+function watchOwnerUpdatedAtRegresses(operation, current, input) {
+	if (!current || !WATCH_OWNER_MONOTONIC_OPERATIONS.has(operation)) return false;
+	if (operation === 'recheckLegacyBlocked' && input.action === 'release') return false;
+	return [current.updated_at, current.heartbeat_at]
+		.filter(Boolean)
+		.some(timestamp => Date.parse(input.now) < Date.parse(timestamp));
+}
+
+function sameWatchOwnerSnapshot(current, expected) {
+	if (current == null || expected == null) return current == null && expected == null;
+	return WATCH_OWNER_SNAPSHOT_FIELDS.every(field => Object.is(current[field], expected[field]));
+}
+
+function startingWatchOwnerRow(input, generation = randomUUID()) {
+	return {
+		repo: input.repo,
+		pr: input.pr,
+		version: 1,
+		generation,
+		phase: 'starting',
+		controller_pid: input.controllerPid,
+		watcher_pid: null,
+		started_at: input.now,
+		updated_at: input.now,
+		heartbeat_at: null,
+		terminal_receipt_id: null,
+		block_reason: null,
+		legacy_evidence_hash: null,
+	};
+}
+
+function validWatchOwnerIdentity(input) {
+	return validWatchRepository(input?.repo) && Number.isSafeInteger(input.pr) && input.pr > 0;
+}
+
+function captureWatchOwnerIdentity(input) {
+	try {
+		return { repo: input?.repo, pr: input?.pr };
+	} catch {
+		return null;
+	}
+}
+
+function validWatchOwnerMutationInput(operation, input) {
+	if (!validWatchOwnerIdentity(input)) return false;
+	if (WATCH_OWNER_EVIDENCE_BOUND_OPERATIONS.has(operation)
+		&& (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(input, 'expectedSnapshot')
+			|| input.expectedSnapshot === undefined)) return false;
+	if (!['abortStarting', 'releaseNonterminal'].includes(operation) && !watchTimestamp(input.now)) return false;
+	if (!['controllerPid', 'watcherPid', 'expectedControllerPid'].every(field => (
+		input[field] == null || positiveWatchPid(input[field])
+	))) return false;
+	if (!['generation', 'terminalReceiptId', 'expectedReceiptId'].every(field => (
+		input[field] == null || boundedWatchString(input[field], field === 'generation' ? 128 : 256)
+	))) return false;
+	if (WATCH_OWNER_GENERATION_OPERATIONS.has(operation)
+		&& !boundedWatchString(input.generation, 128)) return false;
+	if (!['snapshotHash', 'legacyEvidenceHash'].every(field => (
+		input[field] == null || validWatchHash(input[field])
+	))) return false;
+	if (input.blockReason != null && !WATCH_OWNER_BLOCK_REASONS.has(input.blockReason)) return false;
+	if (operation === 'recheckLegacyBlocked') {
+		return ['release', 'complete'].includes(input.action);
+	}
+	return input.action == null || ['release', 'complete'].includes(input.action);
+}
+
+function captureWatchOwnerMutationInput(input) {
+	try {
+		const ownFields = new Set(Object.getOwnPropertyNames(input));
+		const prepared = {};
+		for (const field of WATCH_OWNER_MUTATION_FIELDS) {
+			if (ownFields.has(field)) prepared[field] = input[field];
+		}
+		return prepared;
+	} catch {
+		return null;
+	}
+}
+
+function copyWatchOwnerSnapshot(snapshot) {
+	if (snapshot === null) return null;
+	if (!snapshot || typeof snapshot !== 'object' || Array.isArray(snapshot)) return undefined;
+	try {
+		Object.keys(snapshot);
+		const copy = {};
+		for (const field of WATCH_OWNER_SNAPSHOT_FIELDS) {
+			const value = snapshot[field];
+			if (value !== null && !['number', 'string'].includes(typeof value)) return undefined;
+			copy[field] = value;
+		}
+		return validWatchOwnerRow(copy) ? Object.freeze(copy) : undefined;
+	} catch {
+		return undefined;
+	}
+}
+
+function prepareWatchOwnerMutationInput(operation, input) {
+	if (!input || typeof input !== 'object' || Array.isArray(input)) return null;
+	const prepared = captureWatchOwnerMutationInput(input);
+	if (!prepared) return null;
+	if (!validWatchOwnerMutationInput(operation, prepared)) return null;
+	if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(prepared, 'expectedSnapshot')) {
+		const expectedSnapshot = copyWatchOwnerSnapshot(prepared.expectedSnapshot);
+		if (expectedSnapshot === undefined) return null;
+		prepared.expectedSnapshot = expectedSnapshot;
+	}
+	if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(prepared, 'expectedGate')) {
+		const expectedGate = copyWatchGateSnapshot(prepared.expectedGate);
+		if (expectedGate === undefined) return null;
+		prepared.expectedGate = expectedGate;
+	}
+	return Object.freeze(prepared);
+}
+
+function applyWatchOwnerOperation(runtime, databasePath, options, operation, rawInput) {
+	const input = prepareWatchOwnerMutationInput(operation, rawInput);
+	if (!input) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'invalid_input');
+	return runWatchOwnerTransaction(runtime, databasePath, options, database => {
+		const current = readWatchOwnerRow(runtime, database, input);
+		if (current && !validWatchOwnerRow(current)) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'corrupt', current);
+		if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(input, 'expectedSnapshot')
+			&& !sameWatchOwnerSnapshot(current, input.expectedSnapshot)) {
+			return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'stale_evidence', current);
+		}
+		if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(input, 'expectedGate')) {
+			const currentGate = allParams(runtime, database,
+				`SELECT * FROM ${WATCH_GATE_TABLE} WHERE singleton = 1`)[0] || null;
+			if (currentGate && !validWatchGateRow(currentGate)) {
+				return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'corrupt', current);
+			}
+			if (!sameWatchGateSnapshot(currentGate, input.expectedGate)) {
+				return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'stale_evidence', current);
+			}
+		}
+		if (watchOwnerUpdatedAtRegresses(operation, current, input)) {
+			return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'stale_evidence', current);
+		}
+		let row;
+		let mismatch;
+		switch (operation) {
+		case 'reserveStarting':
+			if (current) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'busy', current);
+			row = startingWatchOwnerRow(input);
+			if (!validWatchOwnerRow(row)) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'invalid_transition');
+			saveWatchOwnerRow(runtime, database, row, true);
+			return watchOwnerResult(true, true, 'acquired', row);
+		case 'reserveReopened':
+			mismatch = watchOwnerMismatch(current, input, 'complete');
+			if (mismatch) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, mismatch, current);
+			if (current.terminal_receipt_id !== input.expectedReceiptId) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'receipt_mismatch', current);
+			row = { ...startingWatchOwnerRow(input), legacy_evidence_hash: current.legacy_evidence_hash };
+			if (!validWatchOwnerRow(row)) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'invalid_transition', current);
+			saveWatchOwnerRow(runtime, database, row);
+			return watchOwnerResult(true, true, 'reopened', row);
+		case 'bindRunning':
+			if (current?.phase === 'running' && current.generation === input.generation
+				&& current.watcher_pid === input.watcherPid) return watchOwnerResult(true, false, 'idempotent', current);
+			mismatch = watchOwnerMismatch(current, input, 'starting');
+			if (mismatch) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, mismatch, current);
+			if (current.controller_pid !== input.controllerPid) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'controller_pid_mismatch', current);
+			row = { ...current, phase: 'running', controller_pid: null, watcher_pid: input.watcherPid,
+				updated_at: input.now, heartbeat_at: input.now };
+			break;
+		case 'heartbeat':
+			mismatch = watchOwnerMismatch(current, input, ['running', 'stop_requested']);
+			if (mismatch) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, mismatch, current);
+			if (current.watcher_pid !== input.watcherPid) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'pid_mismatch', current);
+			if (Date.parse(input.now) < Math.max(Date.parse(current.updated_at), Date.parse(current.heartbeat_at))) {
+				return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'stale_evidence', current);
+			}
+			row = { ...current, updated_at: input.now, heartbeat_at: input.now };
+			break;
+		case 'requestStop':
+			if (current?.phase === 'stop_requested' && current.generation === input.generation
+				&& current.watcher_pid === input.watcherPid) return watchOwnerResult(true, false, 'idempotent', current);
+			mismatch = watchOwnerMismatch(current, input, 'running');
+			if (mismatch) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, mismatch, current);
+			if (current.watcher_pid !== input.watcherPid) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'pid_mismatch', current);
+			row = { ...current, phase: 'stop_requested', updated_at: input.now };
+			break;
+		case 'recordTerminal':
+			if (current?.phase === 'terminal_pending' && current.generation === input.generation
+				&& current.watcher_pid === input.watcherPid
+				&& current.terminal_receipt_id === input.terminalReceiptId) return watchOwnerResult(true, false, 'idempotent', current);
+			mismatch = watchOwnerMismatch(current, input, ['running', 'stop_requested']);
+			if (mismatch) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, mismatch, current);
+			if (current.watcher_pid !== input.watcherPid) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'pid_mismatch', current);
+			row = { ...current, phase: 'terminal_pending', terminal_receipt_id: input.terminalReceiptId, updated_at: input.now };
+			break;
+		case 'completeTerminal':
+			if (current?.phase === 'complete' && current.generation === input.generation
+				&& current.terminal_receipt_id === input.terminalReceiptId) return watchOwnerResult(true, false, 'idempotent', current);
+			mismatch = watchOwnerMismatch(current, input, 'terminal_pending');
+			if (mismatch) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, mismatch, current);
+			if (current.watcher_pid !== input.watcherPid) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'pid_mismatch', current);
+			if (current.terminal_receipt_id !== input.terminalReceiptId) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'receipt_mismatch', current);
+			row = { ...current, phase: 'complete', watcher_pid: null, heartbeat_at: null, updated_at: input.now };
+			break;
+		case 'abortStarting':
+			mismatch = watchOwnerMismatch(current, input, 'starting');
+			if (mismatch) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, mismatch, current);
+			if (current.controller_pid !== input.controllerPid) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'controller_pid_mismatch', current);
+			deleteWatchOwnerRow(runtime, database, input);
+			return watchOwnerResult(true, true, 'aborted');
+		case 'releaseNonterminal':
+			mismatch = watchOwnerMismatch(current, input, 'stop_requested');
+			if (mismatch) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, mismatch, current);
+			if (current.watcher_pid !== input.watcherPid) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'pid_mismatch', current);
+			deleteWatchOwnerRow(runtime, database, input);
+			return watchOwnerResult(true, true, 'released');
+		case 'recoverDeadStarting':
+			mismatch = watchOwnerMismatch(current, input, 'starting');
+			if (mismatch) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, mismatch, current);
+			if (current.controller_pid !== input.expectedControllerPid) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'controller_pid_mismatch', current);
+			row = { ...startingWatchOwnerRow(input), legacy_evidence_hash: current.legacy_evidence_hash };
+			break;
+		case 'recoverDeadWatcher':
+			// `stop_requested` is a nonterminal watcher-owned phase exactly like
+			// `running`; a dead watcher in either state recovers into a fresh
+			// `starting` row.
+			mismatch = watchOwnerMismatch(current, input, ['running', 'stop_requested']);
+			if (mismatch) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, mismatch, current);
+			if (current.watcher_pid !== input.watcherPid) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'pid_mismatch', current);
+			row = { ...startingWatchOwnerRow(input), legacy_evidence_hash: current.legacy_evidence_hash };
+			break;
+		case 'importLegacyStarting': {
+			const gate = allParams(runtime, database,
+				`SELECT * FROM ${WATCH_GATE_TABLE} WHERE singleton = 1`)[0] || null;
+			if (!validWatchGateRow(gate)) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, gate ? 'corrupt' : 'gate_mismatch', current);
+			if (gate.state !== 'quarantined' || gate.snapshot_hash !== input.snapshotHash) {
+				return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'gate_mismatch', current);
+			}
+			if (current) {
+				const same = validWatchOwnerRow(current) && current.phase === 'starting'
+					&& current.controller_pid === input.controllerPid
+					&& current.legacy_evidence_hash === input.legacyEvidenceHash;
+				return watchOwnerResult(same, false, same ? 'idempotent' : 'owner_conflict', current);
+			}
+			row = { ...startingWatchOwnerRow(input), legacy_evidence_hash: input.legacyEvidenceHash };
+			if (!validWatchOwnerRow(row)) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'invalid_transition');
+			saveWatchOwnerRow(runtime, database, row, true);
+			return watchOwnerResult(true, true, 'imported', row);
+		}
+		case 'markLegacyBlocked':
+			{
+				const gate = allParams(runtime, database,
+					`SELECT * FROM ${WATCH_GATE_TABLE} WHERE singleton = 1`)[0] || null;
+				if (!validWatchGateRow(gate)) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, gate ? 'corrupt' : 'gate_mismatch', current);
+				if (gate.state !== 'quarantined' || gate.snapshot_hash !== input.snapshotHash) {
+					return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'gate_mismatch', current);
+				}
+			}
+			if (current) {
+				const same = validWatchOwnerRow(current) && current.phase === 'blocked'
+					&& current.controller_pid == null && current.watcher_pid === input.watcherPid
+					&& current.terminal_receipt_id === input.terminalReceiptId
+					&& current.block_reason === input.blockReason
+					&& current.legacy_evidence_hash === input.legacyEvidenceHash;
+				return watchOwnerResult(same, false, same ? 'idempotent' : 'owner_conflict', current);
+			}
+			row = { ...startingWatchOwnerRow(input), phase: 'blocked', controller_pid: null,
+				watcher_pid: input.watcherPid, terminal_receipt_id: input.terminalReceiptId,
+				block_reason: input.blockReason, legacy_evidence_hash: input.legacyEvidenceHash };
+			if (!validWatchOwnerRow(row)) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'invalid_transition');
+			saveWatchOwnerRow(runtime, database, row, true);
+			return watchOwnerResult(true, true, 'blocked', row);
+		case 'recheckLegacyBlocked':
+			mismatch = watchOwnerMismatch(current, input, 'blocked');
+			if (mismatch) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, mismatch, current);
+			if (current.legacy_evidence_hash !== input.legacyEvidenceHash) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'evidence_mismatch', current);
+			if ((current.block_reason === 'legacy_live_pid' || input.watcherPid != null)
+				&& current.watcher_pid !== input.watcherPid) {
+				return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'pid_mismatch', current);
+			}
+			if (input.action === 'release') {
+				if (current.block_reason !== 'legacy_live_pid') {
+					return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'invalid_transition', current);
+				}
+				deleteWatchOwnerRow(runtime, database, input);
+				return watchOwnerResult(true, true, 'released');
+			}
+			row = { ...current, phase: 'complete', watcher_pid: null, heartbeat_at: null,
+				terminal_receipt_id: input.terminalReceiptId, block_reason: null, updated_at: input.now };
+			break;
+		case 'importLegacyComplete': {
+			const gate = allParams(runtime, database,
+				`SELECT * FROM ${WATCH_GATE_TABLE} WHERE singleton = 1`)[0] || null;
+			if (!validWatchGateRow(gate)) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, gate ? 'corrupt' : 'gate_mismatch', current);
+			if (gate.state !== 'quarantined' || gate.snapshot_hash !== input.snapshotHash) {
+				return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'gate_mismatch', current);
+			}
+			if (current) {
+				const same = validWatchOwnerRow(current) && current.phase === 'complete'
+					&& current.legacy_evidence_hash === input.legacyEvidenceHash
+					&& current.terminal_receipt_id === input.terminalReceiptId;
+				return watchOwnerResult(same, false, same ? 'idempotent' : 'owner_conflict', current);
+			}
+			row = { ...startingWatchOwnerRow(input), phase: 'complete', controller_pid: null,
+				terminal_receipt_id: input.terminalReceiptId, legacy_evidence_hash: input.legacyEvidenceHash };
+			if (!validWatchOwnerRow(row)) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'invalid_transition');
+			saveWatchOwnerRow(runtime, database, row, true);
+			return watchOwnerResult(true, true, 'imported', row);
+		}
+		default:
+			throw watchOwnerStoreError('INVALID_OPERATION', 'Unknown watcher authority operation');
+		}
+		if (!validWatchOwnerRow(row)) return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'invalid_transition', current);
+		saveWatchOwnerRow(runtime, database, row);
+		return watchOwnerResult(true, true, {
+			bindRunning: 'bound',
+			heartbeat: 'heartbeat',
+			requestStop: 'stop_requested',
+			recordTerminal: 'terminal_pending',
+			completeTerminal: 'complete',
+			recoverDeadStarting: 'recovered',
+			recoverDeadWatcher: 'recovered',
+			recheckLegacyBlocked: 'complete',
+		}[operation], row);
+	});
+}
+
+function readWatchOwner(runtime, databasePath, options, input) {
+	const identity = captureWatchOwnerIdentity(input);
+	if (!identity || !validWatchOwnerIdentity(identity)) {
+		return watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'invalid_input');
+	}
+	return runWatchOwnerTransaction(runtime, databasePath, options, database => {
+		const row = readWatchOwnerRow(runtime, database, identity);
+		if (!row) return watchOwnerResult(true, false, 'absent');
+		return validWatchOwnerRow(row)
+			? watchOwnerResult(true, false, 'read', row)
+			: watchOwnerResult(false, false, 'corrupt', row);
+	});
+}
+
+function listWatchOwners(runtime, databasePath, options) {
+	return runWatchOwnerTransaction(runtime, databasePath, options, database => {
+		const rows = allParams(runtime, database,
+			`SELECT * FROM ${WATCH_OWNER_TABLE} ORDER BY repo, pr LIMIT ?`,
+			[WATCH_OWNER_ENUMERATION_LIMIT + 1]);
+		if (rows.length > WATCH_OWNER_ENUMERATION_LIMIT) {
+			return { ok: false, changed: false, reason: 'enumeration_overflow', rows: [] };
+		}
+		let bytes = 0;
+		for (const row of rows) {
+			if (!validWatchOwnerRow(row)) return { ok: false, changed: false, reason: 'corrupt', rows: [] };
+			bytes += Buffer.byteLength(JSON.stringify(row), 'utf8');
+			if (bytes > WATCH_OWNER_ENUMERATION_BYTES) {
+				return { ok: false, changed: false, reason: 'enumeration_overflow', rows: [] };
+			}
+		}
+		return { ok: true, changed: false, reason: 'read', rows };
+	});
+}
+
+function readWatchGate(runtime, databasePath, options) {
+	return runWatchOwnerTransaction(runtime, databasePath, options, database => {
+		const gate = allParams(runtime, database,
+			`SELECT * FROM ${WATCH_GATE_TABLE} WHERE singleton = 1`)[0] || null;
+		if (!gate) return { ok: false, changed: false, reason: 'absent', gate: null };
+		return validWatchGateRow(gate)
+			? { ok: true, changed: false, reason: 'read', gate }
+			: { ok: false, changed: false, reason: 'corrupt', gate };
+	});
+}
+
+function validWatchGateMutationInput(operation, input) {
+	if (!input || !watchTimestamp(input.now)) return false;
+	if (operation === 'publishQuarantine') return true;
+	if (operation === 'retryConflict') {
+		return validWatchHash(input.expectedSnapshotHash)
+			&& WATCH_GATE_CONFLICT_CODES.has(input.expectedConflictCode)
+			&& validWatchHash(input.replacementSnapshotHash)
+			&& input.replacementSnapshotHash !== input.expectedSnapshotHash;
+	}
+	if (!validWatchHash(input.snapshotHash)) return false;
+	return operation !== 'publishConflict' || WATCH_GATE_CONFLICT_CODES.has(input.conflictCode);
+}
+
+function captureWatchGateMutationInput(operation, input) {
+	if (!input) return null;
+	try {
+		const captured = { now: input.now };
+		if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(input, 'expectedGate')) {
+			const expectedGate = copyWatchGateSnapshot(input.expectedGate);
+			if (expectedGate === undefined) return null;
+			captured.expectedGate = expectedGate;
+		}
+		if (operation === 'retryConflict') {
+			captured.expectedSnapshotHash = input.expectedSnapshotHash;
+			captured.expectedConflictCode = input.expectedConflictCode;
+			captured.replacementSnapshotHash = input.replacementSnapshotHash;
+		} else {
+			if (operation !== 'publishQuarantine') captured.snapshotHash = input.snapshotHash;
+			if (operation === 'publishConflict') captured.conflictCode = input.conflictCode;
+		}
+		return Object.freeze(captured);
+	} catch {
+		return null;
+	}
+}
+
+function applyWatchGateOperation(runtime, databasePath, options, operation, input) {
+	input = captureWatchGateMutationInput(operation, input);
+	if (!validWatchGateMutationInput(operation, input)) {
+		return { ok: false, changed: false, reason: 'invalid_input', gate: null };
+	}
+	return runWatchOwnerTransaction(runtime, databasePath, options, database => {
+		const current = allParams(runtime, database,
+			`SELECT * FROM ${WATCH_GATE_TABLE} WHERE singleton = 1`)[0] || null;
+		if (current && !validWatchGateRow(current)) return { ok: false, changed: false, reason: 'corrupt', gate: current };
+		if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(input, 'expectedGate')
+			&& !sameWatchGateSnapshot(current, input.expectedGate)) {
+			return { ok: false, changed: false, reason: 'stale_evidence', gate: current };
+		}
+		if (current && input.now < current.updated_at) {
+			return { ok: false, changed: false, reason: 'stale_evidence', gate: current };
+		}
+		if (operation === 'publishQuarantine') {
+			if (current) return { ok: current.state === 'quarantined', changed: false,
+				reason: current.state === 'quarantined' ? 'idempotent' : 'gate_conflict', gate: current };
+			runParams(runtime, database, `INSERT INTO ${WATCH_GATE_TABLE}
+				(singleton, state, snapshot_hash, conflict_code, updated_at) VALUES (1, 'quarantined', NULL, NULL, ?)`, [input.now]);
+			return { ok: true, changed: true, reason: 'quarantined', gate: {
+				singleton: 1, state: 'quarantined', snapshot_hash: null, conflict_code: null, updated_at: input.now,
+			} };
+		}
+		if (!current) {
+			return { ok: false, changed: false, reason: 'absent', gate: null };
+		}
+		if (operation === 'bindSnapshot') {
+			if (current.state !== 'quarantined') return { ok: false, changed: false, reason: 'phase_mismatch', gate: current };
+			if (current.snapshot_hash === input.snapshotHash) return { ok: true, changed: false, reason: 'idempotent', gate: current };
+			if (current.snapshot_hash != null) return { ok: false, changed: false, reason: 'snapshot_mismatch', gate: current };
+			runParams(runtime, database, `UPDATE ${WATCH_GATE_TABLE} SET snapshot_hash = ?, updated_at = ? WHERE singleton = 1`,
+				[input.snapshotHash, input.now]);
+			return { ok: true, changed: true, reason: 'bound', gate: { ...current, snapshot_hash: input.snapshotHash, updated_at: input.now } };
+		}
+		if (operation === 'publishConflict') {
+			if (!WATCH_SHA256.test(input.snapshotHash) || !WATCH_GATE_CONFLICT_CODES.has(input.conflictCode)) {
+				return { ok: false, changed: false, reason: 'invalid_conflict', gate: current };
+			}
+			if (current.state === 'conflict') {
+				const idempotent = current.snapshot_hash === input.snapshotHash
+					&& current.conflict_code === input.conflictCode;
+				return { ok: idempotent, changed: false,
+					reason: idempotent ? 'idempotent' : 'conflict_mismatch', gate: current };
+			}
+			if (current.state !== 'quarantined') return { ok: false, changed: false, reason: 'phase_mismatch', gate: current };
+			if (current.snapshot_hash != null && current.snapshot_hash !== input.snapshotHash) {
+				return { ok: false, changed: false, reason: 'snapshot_mismatch', gate: current };
+			}
+			runParams(runtime, database, `UPDATE ${WATCH_GATE_TABLE} SET state = 'conflict', snapshot_hash = ?, conflict_code = ?, updated_at = ? WHERE singleton = 1`,
+				[input.snapshotHash, input.conflictCode, input.now]);
+			return { ok: true, changed: true, reason: 'conflict', gate: { ...current, state: 'conflict', snapshot_hash: input.snapshotHash,
+				conflict_code: input.conflictCode, updated_at: input.now } };
+		}
+		if (operation === 'retryConflict') {
+			if (current.state !== 'conflict') return { ok: false, changed: false, reason: 'phase_mismatch', gate: current };
+			if (current.snapshot_hash !== input.expectedSnapshotHash
+				|| current.conflict_code !== input.expectedConflictCode) {
+				return { ok: false, changed: false, reason: 'conflict_mismatch', gate: current };
+			}
+			runParams(runtime, database, `UPDATE ${WATCH_GATE_TABLE}
+				SET state = 'quarantined', snapshot_hash = ?, conflict_code = NULL, updated_at = ? WHERE singleton = 1`,
+			[input.replacementSnapshotHash, input.now]);
+			return { ok: true, changed: true, reason: 'retry_bound', gate: {
+				...current, state: 'quarantined', snapshot_hash: input.replacementSnapshotHash,
+				conflict_code: null, updated_at: input.now,
+			} };
+		}
+		if (operation === 'completeMigration') {
+			if (current.state === 'complete' && current.snapshot_hash === input.snapshotHash) {
+				return { ok: true, changed: false, reason: 'idempotent', gate: current };
+			}
+			if (current.state !== 'quarantined' || current.snapshot_hash !== input.snapshotHash) {
+				return { ok: false, changed: false, reason: 'snapshot_mismatch', gate: current };
+			}
+			runParams(runtime, database, `UPDATE ${WATCH_GATE_TABLE} SET state = 'complete', updated_at = ? WHERE singleton = 1`, [input.now]);
+			return { ok: true, changed: true, reason: 'complete', gate: { ...current, state: 'complete', updated_at: input.now } };
+		}
+		throw watchOwnerStoreError('INVALID_OPERATION', 'Unknown watcher migration-gate operation');
+	});
+}
+
+function rollbackTransaction(runtime, db) {
+	try {
+		execSql(runtime, db, 'ROLLBACK;');
+	} catch {
+		// Preserve the original failure when SQLite has already closed the transaction.
+	}
+}
+
+const MONITOR_HASH = /^[0-9a-f]{64}$/;
+const MONITOR_TARGET = /^[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9._:/-]*$/;
+const MONITOR_SECRET_PATTERNS = [
+	/gh[pousr]_[a-z0-9]{20,}/i,
+	/github_pat_[a-z0-9_]{20,}/i,
+	/sk_(?:live|test)_[a-z0-9]{16,}/i,
+	/sk-[a-z0-9]{16,}/i,
+	/AKIA[0-9A-Z]{16}/i,
+	/(?:api[_-]?key|token|secret|password)\s*[:=]\s*\S{8,}/i,
+];
+const MONITOR_MAX_TARGETS = 32;
+const MONITOR_MAX_TARGET_LENGTH = 128;
+const MONITOR_MAX_ENVELOPE_BYTES = 16_384;
+
+const MONITOR_MAX_ENVELOPE_DEPTH = 8;
+const MONITOR_MAX_ENVELOPE_ITEMS = 128;
+const MONITOR_MAX_ENVELOPE_PROPERTIES = 64;
+const MONITOR_MAX_ENVELOPE_NODES = 1_024;
+const MONITOR_DEFAULT_READ_LIMIT = 128;
+const MONITOR_MAX_READ_LIMIT = 4_096;
+
+function monitorStoreError(code, message, cause) {
+	const error = new Error(message, cause ? { cause } : undefined);
+	error.code = code;
+	return error;
+}
+
+function containsMonitorSecret(value) {
+	return MONITOR_SECRET_PATTERNS.some(pattern => pattern.test(value));
+}
+
+const MONITOR_PRIVATE_PATH_ROOTS = ['users', 'home', 'root'];
+const MONITOR_MAX_PRIVATE_SCAN_LENGTH = MONITOR_MAX_ENVELOPE_BYTES;
+
+function hasNonWhitespacePathSegment(segment) {
+	return Boolean(segment && segment.trim());
+}
+
+function containsMonitorPrivatePath(value) {
+	if (typeof value !== 'string') return false;
+	if (value.length > MONITOR_MAX_PRIVATE_SCAN_LENGTH) return true;
+	const normalized = value.replaceAll('\\', '/').toLowerCase();
+	for (const root of MONITOR_PRIVATE_PATH_ROOTS) {
+		const marker = `/${root}/`;
+		let offset = 0;
+		while (true) {
+			const index = normalized.indexOf(marker, offset);
+			if (index < 0) break;
+			const segment = normalized.slice(index + marker.length).split('/')[0];
+			if (hasNonWhitespacePathSegment(segment)) return true;
+			offset = index + marker.length;
+		}
+	}
+	for (let code = 97; code <= 122; code += 1) {
+		const marker = `${String.fromCharCode(code)}:/users/`;
+		const index = normalized.indexOf(marker);
+		if (index >= 0 && hasNonWhitespacePathSegment(
+			normalized.slice(index + marker.length).split('/')[0],
+		)) return true;
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+function invalidMonitorPlainData() {
+	throw new Error('monitor envelope must contain only bounded plain JSON data');
+}
+
+function cloneMonitorArray(value, descriptors, keys, state, depth) {
+	const length = descriptors.length?.value;
+	if (!Number.isInteger(length) || length < 0 || length > MONITOR_MAX_ENVELOPE_ITEMS
+		|| keys.length !== length + 1) {
+		invalidMonitorPlainData();
+	}
+	const clone = [];
+	for (let index = 0; index < length; index += 1) {
+		const descriptor = descriptors[String(index)];
+		if (!descriptor?.enumerable || !Object.hasOwn(descriptor, 'value')) invalidMonitorPlainData();
+		clone.push(cloneMonitorPlainData(descriptor.value, state, depth + 1));
+	}
+	return clone;
+}
+
+function cloneMonitorObject(descriptors, keys, state, depth) {
+	const clone = Object.create(null);
+	for (const key of keys) {
+		const descriptor = descriptors[key];
+		if (!descriptor.enumerable || !Object.hasOwn(descriptor, 'value')) invalidMonitorPlainData();
+		clone[key] = cloneMonitorPlainData(descriptor.value, state, depth + 1);
+	}
+	return clone;
+}
+
+function cloneMonitorPlainData(value, state, depth = 0) {
+	const traversal = state || { ancestors: new WeakSet(), nodes: 0 };
+	traversal.nodes += 1;
+	if (traversal.nodes > MONITOR_MAX_ENVELOPE_NODES || depth > MONITOR_MAX_ENVELOPE_DEPTH) {
+		invalidMonitorPlainData();
+	}
+	if (value === null || typeof value === 'string' || typeof value === 'boolean') return value;
+	if (typeof value === 'number') {
+		if (!Number.isFinite(value)) invalidMonitorPlainData();
+		return value;
+	}
+	if (typeof value !== 'object' || isProxy(value) || traversal.ancestors.has(value)) {
+		invalidMonitorPlainData();
+	}
+
+	let prototype;
+	let descriptors;
+	try {
+		prototype = Object.getPrototypeOf(value);
+		descriptors = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(value);
+	} catch {
+		invalidMonitorPlainData();
+	}
+	const keys = Reflect.ownKeys(descriptors);
+	if (keys.some(key => typeof key !== 'string' || key === 'toJSON')) invalidMonitorPlainData();
+
+	traversal.ancestors.add(value);
+	try {
+		if (Array.isArray(value)) {
+			if (prototype !== Array.prototype) invalidMonitorPlainData();
+			return cloneMonitorArray(value, descriptors, keys, traversal, depth);
+		}
+
+		if ((prototype !== Object.prototype && prototype !== null)
+			|| keys.length > MONITOR_MAX_ENVELOPE_PROPERTIES) {
+			invalidMonitorPlainData();
+		}
+		return cloneMonitorObject(descriptors, keys, traversal, depth);
+	} finally {
+		traversal.ancestors.delete(value);
+	}
+}
+
+function containsPrivateMonitorData(value) {
+	if (typeof value === 'string') {
+		return containsMonitorSecret(value) || containsMonitorPrivatePath(value);
+	}
+	if (!value || typeof value !== 'object') return false;
+	return Object.entries(value).some(([key, nestedValue]) => (
+		containsMonitorSecret(key)
+		|| containsMonitorPrivatePath(key)
+		|| containsPrivateMonitorData(nestedValue)
+	));
+}
+
+function assertMonitorEnvelope(envelope, schemaId) {
+	const plainEnvelope = cloneMonitorPlainData(envelope);
+	const serialized = JSON.stringify(plainEnvelope);
+	const safeEnvelope = JSON.parse(serialized);
+	if (containsPrivateMonitorData(safeEnvelope)) {
+		throw new Error(`private content rejected from ${schemaId}`);
+	}
+	const payload = safeEnvelope?.payload;
+	const validCommon = safeEnvelope?.schema_id === schemaId
+		&& MONITOR_HASH.test(safeEnvelope?.content_hash)
+		&& typeof safeEnvelope?.created_at === 'string'
+		&& payload && typeof payload === 'object' && !Array.isArray(payload);
+	let validPayload = false;
+	if (schemaId === 'forge.memory.monitor-event.v1') {
+		validPayload = typeof payload?.monitor_id === 'string' && payload.monitor_id.length > 0
+			&& typeof payload?.event_id === 'string' && payload.event_id.length > 0
+			&& Number.isInteger(payload?.sequence) && payload.sequence >= 0;
+	} else if (schemaId === 'forge.memory.delivery-receipt.v1') {
+		validPayload = typeof payload?.event_id === 'string' && payload.event_id.length > 0
+			&& Number.isInteger(payload?.attempt) && payload.attempt > 0;
+	} else if (schemaId === 'forge.memory.monitor-receipt.v1') {
+		validPayload = typeof payload?.monitor_id === 'string' && payload.monitor_id.length > 0
+			&& Number.isInteger(payload?.last_sequence) && payload.last_sequence >= 0;
+	}
+	if (!validCommon || !validPayload || Buffer.byteLength(serialized, 'utf8') > MONITOR_MAX_ENVELOPE_BYTES) {
+		throw new Error(`invalid ${schemaId.replace('forge.memory.', '').replace('.v1', '').replaceAll('-', ' ')} envelope`);
+	}
+	return safeEnvelope;
+}
+
+function assertMonitorTarget(target) {
+	if (typeof target !== 'string' || target.length === 0 || target.length > MONITOR_MAX_TARGET_LENGTH
+		|| !MONITOR_TARGET.test(target) || containsMonitorSecret(target) || containsMonitorPrivatePath(target)) {
+		throw new Error('invalid or private monitor delivery target');
+	}
+	return target;
+}
+
+function normalizeMonitorTargets(targets) {
+	if (!Array.isArray(targets) || targets.length === 0 || targets.length > MONITOR_MAX_TARGETS) {
+		throw new Error(`monitor delivery targets must contain 1-${MONITOR_MAX_TARGETS} entries`);
+	}
+	return [...new Set(targets.map(assertMonitorTarget))];
+}
+
+function compareMonitorTargets(left, right) {
+	if (left < right) return -1;
+	if (left > right) return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+function assertMonitorWriterEnabled(runtime, db, config = {}) {
+	if (config.monitorDurabilityEnabled === false) {
+		throw monitorStoreError('MONITOR_UNAVAILABLE', 'Monitor durability writers are disabled; retained evidence remains readable');
+	}
+	let row;
+	try {
+		row = allParams(runtime, db,
+			'SELECT enabled FROM memory_monitor_writer_state WHERE singleton = 1')[0];
+	} catch (error) {
+		if (/no such table/i.test(String(error?.message || ''))) {
+			throw monitorStoreError('MONITOR_UNAVAILABLE', 'Monitor durability schema is not initialized; run Kernel migrations', error);
+		}
+		throw error;
+	}
+	if (Number(row?.enabled) !== 1) {
+		throw monitorStoreError('MONITOR_UNAVAILABLE', 'Monitor durability writers are disabled; retained evidence remains readable');
+	}
+}
+
+function monitorBusyTimeout(config = {}) {
+	const requested = Number(config.monitorBusyTimeoutMs);
+	if (!Number.isFinite(requested)) return 1_000;
+	return Math.max(0, Math.min(5_000, Math.floor(requested)));
+}
+
+function runMonitorTransaction(runtime, db, config, operation) {
+	const timeout = monitorBusyTimeout(config);
+	const previousTimeout = Number(queryOne(runtime, db, 'PRAGMA busy_timeout;').timeout) || 0;
+	execSql(runtime, db, `PRAGMA busy_timeout=${timeout};`);
+	let active = false;
+	try {
+		execSql(runtime, db, 'BEGIN IMMEDIATE;');
+		active = true;
+		const result = operation();
+		execSql(runtime, db, 'COMMIT;');
+		active = false;
+		return result;
+	} catch (error) {
+		if (active) rollbackTransaction(runtime, db);
+		if (/database is locked|SQLITE_BUSY/i.test(String(error?.message || ''))) {
+			throw monitorStoreError('MONITOR_UNAVAILABLE', `Monitor durability write remained busy after ${timeout}ms`, error);
+		}
+		throw error;
+	} finally {
+		execSql(runtime, db, `PRAGMA busy_timeout=${previousTimeout};`);
+	}
+}
+
+function monitorEventRow(envelope) {
+	const payload = envelope.payload || {};
+	return {
+		event_id: payload.event_id,
+		monitor_id: payload.monitor_id,
+		sequence: payload.sequence,
+		content_hash: envelope.content_hash,
+		envelope_json: JSON.stringify(envelope),
+		artifact_digest: payload.artifact_digest ?? null,
+		created_at: envelope.created_at,
+	};
+}
+
+function appendMonitorEventRow(runtime, db, envelope, targets, config) {
+	const row = monitorEventRow(envelope);
+	return runMonitorTransaction(runtime, db, config, () => {
+		assertMonitorWriterEnabled(runtime, db, config);
+		const existingById = allParams(runtime, db,
+			'SELECT event_id, monitor_id, sequence, content_hash FROM memory_monitor_events WHERE event_id = ?', [row.event_id])[0];
+		const existingBySequence = allParams(runtime, db,
+			'SELECT event_id, monitor_id, sequence, content_hash FROM memory_monitor_events WHERE monitor_id = ? AND sequence = ?', [row.monitor_id, row.sequence])[0];
+		const existing = existingById || existingBySequence;
+		if (existing) {
+			if (existing.content_hash !== row.content_hash) throw monitorStoreError('MONITOR_EVENT_CONFLICT', 'monitor event conflict: immutable identity has different content_hash');
+			const storedTargets = allParams(runtime, db,
+				'SELECT target FROM memory_monitor_outbox WHERE event_id = ? ORDER BY target ASC', [existing.event_id])
+				.map(entry => entry.target);
+			const replayTargets = [...targets].sort(compareMonitorTargets);
+			if (storedTargets.length !== replayTargets.length
+				|| storedTargets.some((target, index) => target !== replayTargets[index])) {
+				throw monitorStoreError('MONITOR_TARGET_SET_CONFLICT', 'monitor event target set conflict: identical event replay changed delivery targets');
+			}
+			return { idempotent: true, event_id: existing.event_id, monitor_id: existing.monitor_id, sequence: existing.sequence };
+		}
+		const terminalReceipt = allParams(runtime, db,
+			'SELECT monitor_id FROM memory_monitor_receipts WHERE monitor_id = ?', [row.monitor_id])[0];
+		if (terminalReceipt) throw monitorStoreError('MONITOR_TERMINAL', 'monitor already has a terminal receipt');
+
+		runParams(runtime, db,
+			`INSERT INTO memory_monitor_events
+				(event_id, monitor_id, sequence, content_hash, envelope_json, artifact_digest, created_at)
+			 VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
+			[row.event_id, row.monitor_id, row.sequence, row.content_hash, row.envelope_json, row.artifact_digest, row.created_at]);
+		for (const target of targets) {
+			runParams(runtime, db,
+				`INSERT INTO memory_monitor_outbox
+					(id, event_id, target, status, attempts, next_attempt_at, created_at)
+				 VALUES (?, ?, ?, 'pending', 0, NULL, ?)`,
+				[randomUUID(), row.event_id, target, row.created_at]);
+		}
+		return { idempotent: false, event_id: row.event_id, monitor_id: row.monitor_id, sequence: row.sequence };
+	});
+}
+
+function recordMonitorDeliveryReceiptRow(runtime, db, envelope, config) {
+	const payload = envelope.payload || {};
+	const row = {
+		event_id: payload.event_id,
+		target: payload.target,
+		attempt: payload.attempt,
+		content_hash: envelope.content_hash,
+		envelope_json: JSON.stringify(envelope),
+		acknowledged: payload.acknowledged ? 1 : 0,
+		delivered_at: payload.delivered_at,
+		outcome: payload.outcome,
+	};
+	return runMonitorTransaction(runtime, db, config, () => {
+		assertMonitorWriterEnabled(runtime, db, config);
+		const existing = allParams(runtime, db,
+			`SELECT content_hash FROM memory_monitor_delivery_receipts
+			 WHERE event_id = ? AND target = ? AND attempt = ?`, [row.event_id, row.target, row.attempt])[0];
+		if (existing) {
+			if (existing.content_hash !== row.content_hash) throw monitorStoreError('MONITOR_DELIVERY_CONFLICT', 'monitor delivery receipt conflict: attempt has different content_hash');
+			return { idempotent: true, event_id: row.event_id, target: row.target, attempt: row.attempt };
+		}
+		const event = allParams(runtime, db,
+			'SELECT monitor_id, sequence FROM memory_monitor_events WHERE event_id = ?', [row.event_id])[0];
+		if (!event) throw monitorStoreError('MONITOR_DELIVERY_CONFLICT', 'monitor delivery receipt references an unknown event');
+		const outbox = allParams(runtime, db,
+			'SELECT id FROM memory_monitor_outbox WHERE event_id = ? AND target = ?', [row.event_id, row.target])[0];
+		if (!outbox) throw monitorStoreError('MONITOR_DELIVERY_CONFLICT', 'monitor delivery receipt references an unplanned target');
+		if (row.acknowledged) {
+			const cursor = allParams(runtime, db,
+				'SELECT sequence FROM memory_monitor_cursors WHERE monitor_id = ? AND target = ?',
+				[event.monitor_id, row.target])[0];
+			if (cursor && event.sequence < Number(cursor.sequence)) {
+				throw monitorStoreError('MONITOR_STALE_CURSOR', 'stale monitor delivery cursor: acknowledged sequence is behind the durable cursor');
+			}
+		}
+
+		runParams(runtime, db,
+			`INSERT INTO memory_monitor_delivery_receipts
+				(event_id, target, attempt, content_hash, envelope_json, acknowledged, delivered_at, outcome)
+			 VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
+			[row.event_id, row.target, row.attempt, row.content_hash, row.envelope_json, row.acknowledged, row.delivered_at, row.outcome]);
+		if (row.acknowledged) {
+			runParams(runtime, db,
+				`INSERT INTO memory_monitor_cursors (monitor_id, target, sequence, updated_at)
+				 VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)
+				 ON CONFLICT(monitor_id, target) DO UPDATE SET
+					sequence = excluded.sequence,
+					updated_at = excluded.updated_at
+				 WHERE excluded.sequence > memory_monitor_cursors.sequence`,
+				[event.monitor_id, row.target, event.sequence, row.delivered_at]);
+			runParams(runtime, db,
+				"UPDATE memory_monitor_outbox SET status = 'acknowledged', attempts = attempts + 1, next_attempt_at = NULL WHERE id = ?",
+				[outbox.id]);
+		}
+		return { idempotent: false, event_id: row.event_id, target: row.target, attempt: row.attempt, acknowledged: Boolean(row.acknowledged) };
+	});
+}
+
+function recordMonitorTerminalReceiptRow(runtime, db, envelope, config) {
+	const payload = envelope.payload || {};
+	const row = {
+		monitor_id: payload.monitor_id,
+		content_hash: envelope.content_hash,
+		envelope_json: JSON.stringify(envelope),
+		owner_run_id: payload.owner_run_id,
+		terminal_state: payload.terminal_state,
+		last_sequence: payload.last_sequence,
+		evidence_digest: payload.evidence_digest,
+		undelivered_cursor: payload.undelivered_cursor ?? null,
+		created_at: envelope.created_at,
+	};
+	return runMonitorTransaction(runtime, db, config, () => {
+		assertMonitorWriterEnabled(runtime, db, config);
+		const existing = allParams(runtime, db,
+			'SELECT content_hash FROM memory_monitor_receipts WHERE monitor_id = ?', [row.monitor_id])[0];
+		if (existing) {
+			if (existing.content_hash !== row.content_hash) throw monitorStoreError('MONITOR_RECEIPT_CONFLICT', 'monitor receipt conflict: terminal evidence has different content_hash');
+			return { idempotent: true, monitor_id: row.monitor_id };
+		}
+		const eventState = allParams(runtime, db,
+			'SELECT COUNT(*) AS event_count, MAX(sequence) AS max_sequence FROM memory_monitor_events WHERE monitor_id = ?',
+			[row.monitor_id])[0];
+		const expectedLastSequence = Number(eventState.event_count) === 0 ? 0 : Number(eventState.max_sequence);
+		if (row.last_sequence !== expectedLastSequence) {
+			throw monitorStoreError('MONITOR_STALE_TERMINAL', 'stale monitor terminal sequence: last_sequence does not match durable events');
+		}
+		runParams(runtime, db,
+			`INSERT INTO memory_monitor_receipts
+				(monitor_id, content_hash, envelope_json, owner_run_id, terminal_state, last_sequence, evidence_digest, undelivered_cursor, created_at)
+			 VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
+			[row.monitor_id, row.content_hash, row.envelope_json, row.owner_run_id, row.terminal_state, row.last_sequence, row.evidence_digest, row.undelivered_cursor, row.created_at]);
+		return { idempotent: false, monitor_id: row.monitor_id };
+	});
+}
+
+function monitorReadLimit(options = {}, fallback = MONITOR_DEFAULT_READ_LIMIT) {
+	const requested = options.limit ?? fallback;
+	if (!Number.isSafeInteger(requested) || requested < 1 || requested > MONITOR_MAX_READ_LIMIT) {
+		throw new TypeError(`monitor read limit must be an integer from 1 to ${MONITOR_MAX_READ_LIMIT}`);
+	}
+	return requested;
+}
+
+function getMonitorEventRow(runtime, db, eventId) {
+	return allParams(
+		runtime,
+		db,
+		`SELECT event_id, monitor_id, sequence, content_hash, envelope_json, artifact_digest, created_at
+		 FROM memory_monitor_events WHERE event_id = ? LIMIT 1`,
+		[eventId],
+	)[0] || null;
+}
+
+function listMonitorEventRows(runtime, db, monitorId) {
+	return allParams(
+		runtime,
+		db,
+		`SELECT event_id, monitor_id, sequence, content_hash, envelope_json, artifact_digest, created_at
+		 FROM memory_monitor_events WHERE monitor_id = ? ORDER BY sequence ASC, event_id ASC`,
+		[monitorId],
+	);
+}
+
+function readMonitorEventTailRows(runtime, db, monitorId, options = {}) {
+	const limit = monitorReadLimit(options);
+	const selected = allParams(
+		runtime,
+		db,
+		`SELECT event_id, monitor_id, sequence, content_hash, envelope_json, artifact_digest, created_at
+		 FROM memory_monitor_events WHERE monitor_id = ?
+		 ORDER BY sequence DESC, event_id DESC LIMIT ?`,
+		[monitorId, limit + 1],
+	);
+	const overflow = selected.length > limit;
+	const events = selected.slice(0, limit).reverse();
+	return {
+		events,
+		overflow,
+		truncated_before_sequence: overflow && events.length > 0 ? Number(events[0].sequence) : null,
+	};
+}
+
+function readMonitorDeliveryStateRows(runtime, db, monitorId, options = {}) {
+	const limit = monitorReadLimit(options);
+	const cursorRows = allParams(
+		runtime,
+		db,
+		`SELECT monitor_id, target, sequence, updated_at FROM memory_monitor_cursors
+		 WHERE monitor_id = ? ORDER BY target ASC LIMIT ?`,
+		[monitorId, limit + 1],
+	);
+	const outboxRows = allParams(
+		runtime,
+		db,
+		`SELECT o.id AS outbox_id, o.event_id, e.monitor_id, e.sequence, o.target,
+			o.status, o.attempts, o.next_attempt_at, o.created_at
+		 FROM memory_monitor_outbox o
+		 JOIN memory_monitor_events e ON e.event_id = o.event_id
+		 WHERE e.monitor_id = ?
+		 ORDER BY e.sequence ASC, o.target ASC, o.id ASC LIMIT ?`,
+		[monitorId, limit + 1],
+	);
+	const terminalReceipt = allParams(
+		runtime,
+		db,
+		`SELECT monitor_id, content_hash, envelope_json, owner_run_id, terminal_state,
+			last_sequence, evidence_digest, undelivered_cursor, created_at
+		 FROM memory_monitor_receipts WHERE monitor_id = ? LIMIT 1`,
+		[monitorId],
+	)[0] || null;
+	return {
+		cursors: cursorRows.slice(0, limit),
+		outbox: outboxRows.slice(0, limit),
+		terminal_receipt: terminalReceipt,
+		overflow: {
+			cursors: cursorRows.length > limit,
+			outbox: outboxRows.length > limit,
+		},
+	};
+}
+
+const CLAIM_REPAIR_INDEX_NAMES = Object.freeze([
+	'idx_kernel_claims_active_lease',
+	'idx_kernel_claims_actor_state',
+	'idx_kernel_claims_issue_state',
+]);
+const CLAIM_REPAIR_AUTHORITY_ROWID_TABLES = new Set([
+	'kernel_events',
+	'kernel_memories',
+	'kernel_stage_runs',
+	'kernel_worktrees',
+]);
+
+function quoteSqlIdentifier(value) {
+	return `"${String(value).replaceAll('"', '""')}"`;
+}
+
+function loadCompleteAuthoritySnapshot(runtime, db, guardedRead) {
+	const schema = guardedRead(
+		'authority_schema',
+		() => allParams(
+			runtime,
+			db,
+			`SELECT type, name, tbl_name, sql FROM sqlite_master
+			 WHERE name NOT LIKE 'sqlite_%' ORDER BY type ASC, name ASC`,
+		),
+	);
+	const tables = schema
+		.filter(row => row.type === 'table')
+		.map(row => ({
+			name: row.name,
+			rows: guardedRead(
+				`authority_table:${row.name}`,
+				() => allParams(
+					runtime,
+					db,
+					`SELECT ${CLAIM_REPAIR_AUTHORITY_ROWID_TABLES.has(row.name) ? 'rowid AS __forge_rowid, ' : ''}* FROM ${quoteSqlIdentifier(row.name)}`,
+				),
+			),
+		}));
+	return { schema, tables };
+}
+
+function loadLegacyClaimRepairSnapshot(runtime, db) {
+	const readErrors = [];
+	const guardedRead = (label, read, fallback = []) => {
+		try {
+			return read();
+		} catch {
+			readErrors.push(label);
+			return fallback;
+		}
+	};
+	const integrityRows = guardedRead('integrity_check', () => queryAll(runtime, db, 'PRAGMA integrity_check;'));
+	const foreignKeyState = guardedRead('foreign_keys', () => queryOne(runtime, db, 'PRAGMA foreign_keys;'), {});
+	const foreignKeyFaults = guardedRead('foreign_key_check', () => queryAll(runtime, db, 'PRAGMA foreign_key_check;'));
+	const claimColumns = guardedRead('claim_columns', () => queryAll(runtime, db, "PRAGMA table_info('kernel_claims');"));
+	const issueColumns = guardedRead('issue_columns', () => queryAll(runtime, db, "PRAGMA table_info('kernel_issues');"));
+	const claimForeignKeys = guardedRead('claim_foreign_keys', () => queryAll(runtime, db, "PRAGMA foreign_key_list('kernel_claims');"));
+	const indexList = guardedRead('claim_indexes', () => queryAll(runtime, db, "PRAGMA index_list('kernel_claims');"));
+	const indexSqlRows = guardedRead(
+		'claim_index_sql',
+		() => allParams(runtime, db, "SELECT name, sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'index' AND tbl_name = 'kernel_claims'"),
+	);
+	const indexSql = new Map(indexSqlRows.map(row => [row.name, row.sql]));
+	const indexByName = new Map(indexList.map(row => [row.name, row]));
+	const claimIndexes = CLAIM_REPAIR_INDEX_NAMES.map(name => {
+		const index = indexByName.get(name) || {};
+		const columns = guardedRead(
+			`index_columns:${name}`,
+			() => queryAll(runtime, db, `PRAGMA index_info('${name}');`),
+		);
+		return {
+			name,
+			columns: columns.map(row => row.name),
+			unique: Number(index.unique) === 1,
+			partial: Number(index.partial) === 1,
+			sql: indexSql.get(name) || '',
+		};
+	});
+	const issues = guardedRead(
+		'issues',
+		() => allParams(runtime, db, 'SELECT id, status, type FROM kernel_issues ORDER BY id ASC'),
+	);
+	const claims = guardedRead(
+		'claims',
+		() => allParams(
+			runtime,
+			db,
+			`SELECT id, issue_id, actor, state, session_id, worktree_id, claimed_at, expires_at
+			 FROM kernel_claims ORDER BY id ASC`,
+		),
+	);
+	const authority = loadCompleteAuthoritySnapshot(runtime, db, guardedRead);
+	return {
+		integrity: integrityRows.length > 0
+			&& integrityRows.every(row => String(row.integrity_check || '').toLowerCase() === 'ok')
+			? 'ok'
+			: 'failed',
+		foreign_keys_enabled: Number(foreignKeyState.foreign_keys) === 1,
+		foreign_key_faults: foreignKeyFaults.length,
+		claim_columns: claimColumns.map(row => row.name),
+		issue_columns: issueColumns.map(row => row.name),
+		claim_foreign_keys: claimForeignKeys.map(row => ({ table: row.table, from: row.from, to: row.to })),
+		claim_indexes: claimIndexes,
+		issues,
+		claims,
+		authority_schema: authority.schema,
+		authority_tables: authority.tables,
+		read_errors: readErrors,
+	};
+}
+
+function preflightLegacyClaimRepairRow(runtime, db, input = {}) {
+	const snapshot = loadLegacyClaimRepairSnapshot(runtime, db);
+	return publicClaimRepairPreflight(buildClaimRepairPlan(snapshot, input));
+}
+
+function assertClaimRepairApplyInput(input = {}) {
+	const approvedDigest = input.approvedDigest;
+	const proof = input.backupProof;
+	if (!/^[0-9a-f]{64}$/.test(String(approvedDigest || ''))) {
+		throw new ClaimRepairError('CLAIM_REPAIR_APPROVAL_REQUIRED', 'Apply requires the exact approved preflight digest');
+	}
+	if (proof?.schema_version !== 'forge.claim-repair.backup-proof.v1'
+		|| proof.integrity !== 'ok'
+		|| proof.plan_digest !== approvedDigest
+		|| proof.restore_digest !== approvedDigest
+		|| !/^[0-9a-f]{64}$/.test(String(proof.backup_sha256 || ''))) {
+		throw new ClaimRepairError(
+			'CLAIM_REPAIR_BACKUP_PROOF_REQUIRED',
+			'Apply requires a verified separate backup restored from the exact approved snapshot',
+		);
+	}
+	if (typeof input.actor !== 'string' || input.actor.trim() === '') {
+		throw new ClaimRepairError('CLAIM_REPAIR_ACTOR_REQUIRED', 'Apply requires an explicit operator actor');
+	}
+}
+
+function parseStoredClaimRepairReceipt(row, approvedDigest, backupProof = null) {
+	if (!row) return null;
+	let receipt;
+	try {
+		receipt = JSON.parse(row.payload_json);
+	} catch {
+		throw new ClaimRepairError('CLAIM_REPAIR_RECEIPT_INVALID', 'Stored claim repair receipt is malformed');
+	}
+	if (receipt?.schema_version !== 'forge.claim-repair.receipt.v1'
+		|| row.id !== receipt.receipt_id
+		|| row.entity_type !== 'claim_repair'
+		|| row.entity_id !== 'legacy_claims'
+		|| row.event_type !== 'claim.repair'
+		|| row.origin !== 'forge.claim-repair'
+		|| receipt.approved_digest !== approvedDigest
+		|| (backupProof && receipt.backup_sha256 !== backupProof.backup_sha256)
+		|| !/^[0-9a-f]{8}-[0-9a-f]{4}-4[0-9a-f]{3}-[89ab][0-9a-f]{3}-[0-9a-f]{12}$/i.test(String(receipt.recovery_ref || ''))
+		|| !/^[0-9a-f]{64}$/.test(String(receipt.backup_sha256 || ''))
+		|| !/^[0-9a-f]{64}$/.test(String(receipt.after_digest || ''))) {
+		throw new ClaimRepairError('CLAIM_REPAIR_RECEIPT_INVALID', 'Stored claim repair receipt does not match the approved proof');
+	}
+	return receipt;
+}
+
+function claimRepairRecoveryPath(backupPath, recoveryReference) {
+	return `${backupPath}.forge-recovery-${recoveryReference}`;
+}
+
+function attachClaimRepairRecoveryPath(receipt, backupPath) {
+	if (!receipt || typeof backupPath !== 'string' || !path.isAbsolute(backupPath)) return receipt;
+	return {
+		...receipt,
+		recovery_path: claimRepairRecoveryPath(backupPath, receipt.recovery_ref),
+	};
+}
+
+function replayStoredClaimRepairReceipt(runtime, db, approvedDigest, observedAt, backupPath) {
+	if (!/^[0-9a-f]{64}$/.test(String(approvedDigest || ''))) return null;
+	const existingRow = allParams(
+		runtime,
+		db,
+		'SELECT * FROM kernel_events WHERE idempotency_key = ? LIMIT 1',
+		[`claim.repair:${approvedDigest}`],
+	)[0];
+	const receipt = parseStoredClaimRepairReceipt(existingRow, approvedDigest);
+	if (receipt && receipt.observed_at !== observedAt) {
+		throw new ClaimRepairError('CLAIM_REPAIR_RECEIPT_INVALID', 'Stored claim repair receipt does not match the fixed observation time');
+	}
+	return receipt
+		? attachClaimRepairRecoveryPath({ ...receipt, replayed: true }, backupPath)
+		: null;
+}
+
+function claimRepairSourceIdentities(databasePath) {
+	return [databasePath, `${databasePath}-wal`, `${databasePath}-shm`, `${databasePath}-journal`]
+		.filter(sourcePath => fs.existsSync(sourcePath))
+		.map(sourcePath => {
+			const stat = fs.statSync(sourcePath, { bigint: true });
+			return { device: stat.dev, inode: stat.ino };
+		});
+}
+
+function assertNoClaimRepairBackupSidecars(backupPath) {
+	for (const suffix of ['-wal', '-shm', '-journal']) {
+		if (fs.existsSync(`${backupPath}${suffix}`)) throw new Error('backup sidecar exists');
+	}
+}
+
+function hashOpenFileDescriptor(fileDescriptor) {
+	const hash = createHash('sha256');
+	const buffer = Buffer.allocUnsafe(64 * 1024);
+	let offset = 0;
+	for (;;) {
+		const bytesRead = fs.readSync(fileDescriptor, buffer, 0, buffer.length, offset);
+		if (bytesRead === 0) break;
+		hash.update(buffer.subarray(0, bytesRead));
+		offset += bytesRead;
+	}
+	return hash.digest('hex');
+}
+
+function copyOpenFileDescriptor(sourceDescriptor, destinationDescriptor) {
+	const buffer = Buffer.allocUnsafe(64 * 1024);
+	let offset = 0;
+	for (;;) {
+		const bytesRead = fs.readSync(sourceDescriptor, buffer, 0, buffer.length, offset);
+		if (bytesRead === 0) break;
+		let written = 0;
+		while (written < bytesRead) {
+			const bytesWritten = fs.writeSync(
+				destinationDescriptor,
+				buffer,
+				written,
+				bytesRead - written,
+				offset + written,
+			);
+			if (bytesWritten <= 0) throw new Error('recovery copy write made no progress');
+			written += bytesWritten;
+		}
+		offset += bytesRead;
+	}
+	fs.fsyncSync(destinationDescriptor);
+}
+
+function syncClaimRepairRecoveryDirectory(recoveryPath, options = {}) {
+	const platform = options.platform || process.platform;
+	if (platform === 'win32') return;
+	const fsApi = options.fsApi || fs;
+	let directoryDescriptor;
+	try {
+		directoryDescriptor = fsApi.openSync(path.dirname(recoveryPath), 'r');
+		fsApi.fsyncSync(directoryDescriptor);
+	} finally {
+		if (directoryDescriptor !== undefined) fsApi.closeSync(directoryDescriptor);
+	}
+}
+
+async function verifyClaimRepairRecovery(receipt, backupPath, databasePath, options = {}) {
+	const recoveryPath = claimRepairRecoveryPath(backupPath, receipt.recovery_ref);
+	let fileDescriptor;
+	try {
+		await (options.hardenPath || hardenBackupPermissions)(recoveryPath);
+		const sourceIdentities = claimRepairSourceIdentities(databasePath);
+		const backupIdentity = fs.existsSync(backupPath) ? fs.statSync(backupPath, { bigint: true }) : null;
+		fileDescriptor = fs.openSync(recoveryPath, 'r');
+		const before = fs.fstatSync(fileDescriptor, { bigint: true });
+		const digest = hashOpenFileDescriptor(fileDescriptor);
+		const after = fs.fstatSync(fileDescriptor, { bigint: true });
+		const named = fs.statSync(recoveryPath, { bigint: true });
+		if (digest !== receipt.backup_sha256
+			|| before.size !== after.size
+			|| before.mtimeNs !== after.mtimeNs
+			|| named.dev !== before.dev
+			|| named.ino !== before.ino
+			|| (backupIdentity && backupIdentity.dev === before.dev && backupIdentity.ino === before.ino)
+			|| sourceIdentities.some(source => source.device === before.dev && source.inode === before.ino)) {
+			throw new Error('recovery copy changed');
+		}
+		return recoveryPath;
+	} catch {
+		throw new ClaimRepairError(
+			'CLAIM_REPAIR_RECOVERY_INVALID',
+			'Retained claim-repair recovery copy is missing, unsafe, or changed',
+		);
+	} finally {
+		if (fileDescriptor !== undefined) fs.closeSync(fileDescriptor);
+	}
+}
+
+async function openClaimRepairBackupFence(databasePath, backupPath, backupProof, recoveryReference, options = {}) {
+	let fileDescriptor;
+	let recoveryFileDescriptor;
+	let recoveryPath;
+	try {
+		const hardenPath = options.hardenPath || hardenBackupPermissions;
+		const hardenPaths = options.hardenPaths;
+		await hardenPath(backupPath);
+		assertSafeBackupDestination(databasePath, backupPath);
+		assertNoClaimRepairBackupSidecars(backupPath);
+		const sourceIdentities = claimRepairSourceIdentities(databasePath);
+		fileDescriptor = fs.openSync(backupPath, 'r');
+		const before = fs.fstatSync(fileDescriptor, { bigint: true });
+		if (sourceIdentities.some(source => source.device === before.dev && source.inode === before.ino)) {
+			throw new Error('pinned backup aliases source');
+		}
+		const digest = hashOpenFileDescriptor(fileDescriptor);
+		const after = fs.fstatSync(fileDescriptor, { bigint: true });
+		const named = fs.statSync(backupPath, { bigint: true });
+		if (digest !== backupProof.backup_sha256
+			|| before.size !== after.size
+			|| before.mtimeNs !== after.mtimeNs
+			|| before.dev !== named.dev
+			|| before.ino !== named.ino) {
+			throw new Error('backup identity or content changed');
+		}
+		recoveryPath = claimRepairRecoveryPath(backupPath, recoveryReference);
+		recoveryFileDescriptor = fs.openSync(recoveryPath, 'wx+', 0o600);
+		// The backup was hardened before opening its descriptor; harden the retained
+		// copy in the same Windows PowerShell pass before copying any bytes.
+		if (typeof hardenPaths === 'function') await hardenPaths([backupPath, recoveryPath]);
+		else {
+			await hardenPath(backupPath);
+			await hardenPath(recoveryPath);
+		}
+		copyOpenFileDescriptor(fileDescriptor, recoveryFileDescriptor);
+		syncClaimRepairRecoveryDirectory(recoveryPath);
+		const sourceAfterCopy = fs.fstatSync(fileDescriptor, { bigint: true });
+		const sourceDigestAfterCopy = hashOpenFileDescriptor(fileDescriptor);
+		const namedAfterCopy = fs.statSync(backupPath, { bigint: true });
+		const recoveryBefore = fs.fstatSync(recoveryFileDescriptor, { bigint: true });
+		const recoveryDigest = hashOpenFileDescriptor(recoveryFileDescriptor);
+		const recoveryAfter = fs.fstatSync(recoveryFileDescriptor, { bigint: true });
+		const recoveryNamed = fs.statSync(recoveryPath, { bigint: true });
+		if (sourceDigestAfterCopy !== backupProof.backup_sha256
+			|| before.size !== sourceAfterCopy.size
+			|| before.mtimeNs !== sourceAfterCopy.mtimeNs
+			|| namedAfterCopy.dev !== before.dev
+			|| namedAfterCopy.ino !== before.ino
+			|| recoveryDigest !== backupProof.backup_sha256
+			|| recoveryBefore.size !== recoveryAfter.size
+			|| recoveryBefore.mtimeNs !== recoveryAfter.mtimeNs
+			|| recoveryNamed.dev !== recoveryBefore.dev
+			|| recoveryNamed.ino !== recoveryBefore.ino
+			|| (recoveryBefore.dev === before.dev && recoveryBefore.ino === before.ino)) {
+			throw new Error('recovery copy does not preserve independent verified bytes');
+		}
+		return {
+			databasePath,
+			backupPath,
+			backupSha256: backupProof.backup_sha256,
+			fileDescriptor,
+			device: before.dev,
+			inode: before.ino,
+			recoveryFileDescriptor,
+			recoveryDevice: recoveryBefore.dev,
+			recoveryInode: recoveryBefore.ino,
+			recoverySize: recoveryBefore.size,
+			recoveryMtimeNs: recoveryBefore.mtimeNs,
+			recoveryPath,
+		};
+	} catch {
+		if (fileDescriptor !== undefined) fs.closeSync(fileDescriptor);
+		if (recoveryFileDescriptor !== undefined) fs.closeSync(recoveryFileDescriptor);
+		if (recoveryPath) {
+			try { fs.rmSync(recoveryPath); } catch { /* cleanup only */ }
+		}
+		throw new ClaimRepairError(
+			'CLAIM_REPAIR_BACKUP_DRIFT',
+			'Verified claim-repair backup changed before receipt commit',
+		);
+	}
+}
+
+async function assertClaimRepairBackupFenceCurrent(fence, options = {}) {
+	try {
+		await (options.hardenPath || hardenBackupPermissions)(fence.backupPath);
+		assertSafeBackupDestination(fence.databasePath, fence.backupPath);
+		if (!options.sidecarsBlocked) assertNoClaimRepairBackupSidecars(fence.backupPath);
+		const before = fs.fstatSync(fence.fileDescriptor, { bigint: true });
+		const digest = hashOpenFileDescriptor(fence.fileDescriptor);
+		const after = fs.fstatSync(fence.fileDescriptor, { bigint: true });
+		const named = fs.statSync(fence.backupPath, { bigint: true });
+		const recoveryBefore = fs.fstatSync(fence.recoveryFileDescriptor, { bigint: true });
+		const recoveryDigest = hashOpenFileDescriptor(fence.recoveryFileDescriptor);
+		const recoveryAfter = fs.fstatSync(fence.recoveryFileDescriptor, { bigint: true });
+		const recoveryNamed = fs.statSync(fence.recoveryPath, { bigint: true });
+		if (digest !== fence.backupSha256
+			|| before.size !== after.size
+			|| before.mtimeNs !== after.mtimeNs
+			|| before.dev !== fence.device
+			|| before.ino !== fence.inode
+			|| named.dev !== fence.device
+			|| named.ino !== fence.inode
+			|| recoveryDigest !== fence.backupSha256
+			|| recoveryBefore.size !== recoveryAfter.size
+			|| recoveryBefore.size !== fence.recoverySize
+			|| recoveryBefore.mtimeNs !== recoveryAfter.mtimeNs
+			|| recoveryBefore.mtimeNs !== fence.recoveryMtimeNs
+			|| recoveryBefore.dev !== fence.recoveryDevice
+			|| recoveryBefore.ino !== fence.recoveryInode
+			|| recoveryNamed.dev !== fence.recoveryDevice
+			|| recoveryNamed.ino !== fence.recoveryInode
+			|| (recoveryNamed.dev === fence.device && recoveryNamed.ino === fence.inode)) {
+			throw new Error('backup fence changed');
+		}
+	} catch {
+		throw new ClaimRepairError(
+			'CLAIM_REPAIR_BACKUP_DRIFT',
+			'Verified claim-repair backup changed before receipt commit',
+		);
+	}
+}
+
+function assertClaimRepairBackupSidecarsRemainAbsent(backupPath) {
+	assertNoClaimRepairBackupSidecars(backupPath);
+	const blockers = [];
+	try {
+		for (const suffix of ['-wal', '-shm', '-journal']) {
+			const sidecarPath = `${backupPath}${suffix}`;
+			fs.mkdirSync(sidecarPath);
+			const stat = fs.statSync(sidecarPath, { bigint: true });
+			blockers.push({ path: sidecarPath, device: stat.dev, inode: stat.ino });
+		}
+		return blockers;
+	} catch (error) {
+		for (const blocker of blockers) {
+			try { fs.rmdirSync(blocker.path); } catch { /* cleanup only */ }
+		}
+		throw error;
+	}
+}
+
+function assertClaimRepairBackupSidecarBlockersCurrent(blockers = []) {
+	for (const blocker of blockers) {
+		const stat = fs.statSync(blocker.path, { bigint: true });
+		if (!stat.isDirectory() || stat.dev !== blocker.device || stat.ino !== blocker.inode) {
+			throw new Error('backup sidecar blocker changed');
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+function removeClaimRepairBackupSidecarBlockers(blockers = []) {
+	for (const blocker of blockers) {
+		try {
+			const stat = fs.statSync(blocker.path, { bigint: true });
+			if (stat.isDirectory() && stat.dev === blocker.device && stat.ino === blocker.inode) {
+				fs.rmdirSync(blocker.path);
+			}
+		} catch { /* cleanup cannot change the committed receipt */ }
+	}
+}
+
+function closeClaimRepairBackupFence(fence, options = {}) {
+	if (!fence) return;
+	try { fs.closeSync(fence.fileDescriptor); } catch { /* descriptor cleanup cannot change a committed receipt */ }
+	try { fs.closeSync(fence.recoveryFileDescriptor); } catch { /* descriptor cleanup cannot change a committed receipt */ }
+	if (options.removeRecovery) {
+		try {
+			const recovery = fs.statSync(fence.recoveryPath, { bigint: true });
+			if (recovery.dev === fence.recoveryDevice && recovery.ino === fence.recoveryInode) {
+				fs.rmSync(fence.recoveryPath);
+			}
+		} catch { /* rolled-back cleanup cannot change authority */ }
+	}
+}
+
+function injectClaimRepairFault(driverOptions, phase) {
+	if (typeof driverOptions.claimRepairFaultInjector === 'function') {
+		driverOptions.claimRepairFaultInjector(phase);
+	}
+}
+
+function assertClaimRepairReplayInput(input = {}) {
+	if (!/^[0-9a-f]{64}$/.test(String(input.approvedDigest || ''))) {
+		throw new ClaimRepairError('CLAIM_REPAIR_APPROVAL_REQUIRED', 'Apply requires the exact approved preflight digest');
+	}
+	if (typeof input.actor !== 'string' || input.actor.trim() === '') {
+		throw new ClaimRepairError('CLAIM_REPAIR_ACTOR_REQUIRED', 'Apply requires an explicit operator actor');
+	}
+	if (typeof input.observedAt !== 'string'
+		|| !Number.isFinite(Date.parse(input.observedAt))
+		|| new Date(Date.parse(input.observedAt)).toISOString() !== input.observedAt) {
+		throw new ClaimRepairError('CLAIM_REPAIR_INVALID_TIME', 'Apply requires a fixed canonical UTC observation time');
+	}
+}
+
+function updateExactClaimRepairAction(runtime, db, action) {
+	const claim = action.claim;
+	const result = runParams(
+		runtime,
+		db,
+		`UPDATE kernel_claims SET state = ?
+		 WHERE id = ? AND issue_id = ? AND actor = ? AND state = 'active'
+			AND session_id IS ? AND worktree_id IS ? AND claimed_at = ? AND expires_at IS ?
+			AND EXISTS (
+				SELECT 1 FROM kernel_issues WHERE id = ? AND status = ?
+			)`,
+		[
+			action.to_state,
+			claim.id,
+			claim.issue_id,
+			claim.actor,
+			claim.session_id,
+			claim.worktree_id,
+			claim.claimed_at,
+			claim.expires_at,
+			claim.issue_id,
+			action.issue_status,
+		],
+	);
+	if (Number(result?.changes || 0) !== 1) {
+		throw new ClaimRepairError(
+			'CLAIM_REPAIR_CAS_CONFLICT',
+			'Claim repair exact-row compare-and-swap rejected concurrent drift',
+		);
+	}
+}
+
+const claimRepairApplyQueues = new Map();
+
+function claimRepairApplyQueueKey(databasePath) {
+	const canonicalPath = fs.realpathSync.native(databasePath);
+	return process.platform === 'win32' ? canonicalPath.toLowerCase() : canonicalPath;
+}
+
+async function withClaimRepairApplyQueue(databasePath, operation, queue = claimRepairApplyQueues) {
+	const key = claimRepairApplyQueueKey(databasePath);
+	const previous = queue.get(key) || Promise.resolve();
+	let release;
+	const gate = new Promise(resolve => { release = resolve; });
+	const tail = previous.then(() => gate);
+	queue.set(key, tail);
+	await previous;
+	try {
+		return await operation();
+	} finally {
+		release();
+		if (queue.get(key) === tail) queue.delete(key);
+	}
+}
+
+async function applyLegacyClaimRepairRow(runtime, db, input = {}, driverOptions = {}) {
+	assertClaimRepairApplyInput(input);
+	const idempotencyKey = `claim.repair:${input.approvedDigest}`;
+	const hardenPath = driverOptions.hardenPath || hardenBackupPermissions;
+	const hardenPaths = driverOptions.hardenPaths
+		|| (driverOptions.hardenPath ? driverOptions.hardenPath.batch : hardenBackupPermissionsBatch);
+	let backupFence;
+	let sidecarBlockers = [];
+	let committed = false;
+	let rolledBack = false;
+	execSql(runtime, db, 'BEGIN IMMEDIATE;');
+	try {
+		const existingRow = allParams(
+			runtime,
+			db,
+			'SELECT * FROM kernel_events WHERE idempotency_key = ? LIMIT 1',
+			[idempotencyKey],
+		)[0];
+		const existingReceipt = parseStoredClaimRepairReceipt(existingRow, input.approvedDigest, input.backupProof);
+		if (existingReceipt) {
+			await verifyClaimRepairRecovery(existingReceipt, input.backupPath, input.databasePath, { hardenPath });
+			execSql(runtime, db, 'COMMIT;');
+			return attachClaimRepairRecoveryPath({ ...existingReceipt, replayed: true }, input.backupPath);
+		}
+		const plan = buildClaimRepairPlan(loadLegacyClaimRepairSnapshot(runtime, db), {
+			observedAt: input.observedAt,
+		});
+		if (plan.digest !== input.approvedDigest) {
+			throw new ClaimRepairError(
+				'CLAIM_REPAIR_DIGEST_DRIFT',
+				'Live claim authority changed after approval; generate and approve a new fixed-time preflight',
+			);
+		}
+
+		for (const action of plan.actions) updateExactClaimRepairAction(runtime, db, action);
+		injectClaimRepairFault(driverOptions, 'after-mutations');
+		const afterPlan = buildClaimRepairPlan(loadLegacyClaimRepairSnapshot(runtime, db), {
+			observedAt: input.observedAt,
+		});
+		if (afterPlan.digest !== plan.afterDigest) {
+			throw new ClaimRepairError('CLAIM_REPAIR_POSTCONDITION_FAILED', 'Claim repair postcondition digest did not match the approved plan');
+		}
+		injectClaimRepairFault(driverOptions, 'before-backup-commit-check');
+		const recoveryReference = randomUUID();
+		backupFence = await openClaimRepairBackupFence(
+			input.databasePath,
+			input.backupPath,
+			input.backupProof,
+			recoveryReference,
+			{ hardenPath, hardenPaths },
+		);
+		injectClaimRepairFault(driverOptions, 'after-backup-fence');
+
+		const receiptId = randomUUID();
+		const receipt = {
+			schema_version: 'forge.claim-repair.receipt.v1',
+			receipt_id: receiptId,
+			observed_at: input.observedAt,
+			approved_digest: input.approvedDigest,
+			after_digest: afterPlan.digest,
+			backup_sha256: input.backupProof.backup_sha256,
+			recovery_ref: recoveryReference,
+			mutations: {
+				released: plan.actions.filter(action => action.to_state === 'released').length,
+				reclaimable: plan.actions.filter(action => action.to_state === 'reclaimable').length,
+				total: plan.actions.length,
+			},
+			replayed: false,
+		};
+		runParams(
+			runtime,
+			db,
+			`INSERT INTO kernel_events (
+				id, entity_type, entity_id, event_type, idempotency_key,
+				expected_revision, actor, origin, payload_json, created_at
+			) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
+			[
+				receiptId,
+				'claim_repair',
+				'legacy_claims',
+				'claim.repair',
+				idempotencyKey,
+				0,
+				input.actor,
+				'forge.claim-repair',
+				JSON.stringify(receipt),
+				new Date().toISOString(),
+			],
+		);
+		injectClaimRepairFault(driverOptions, 'after-receipt-before-commit');
+		await assertClaimRepairBackupFenceCurrent(backupFence, { hardenPath });
+		sidecarBlockers = assertClaimRepairBackupSidecarsRemainAbsent(input.backupPath);
+		await assertClaimRepairBackupFenceCurrent(backupFence, { hardenPath, sidecarsBlocked: true });
+		execSql(runtime, db, 'COMMIT;');
+		committed = true;
+		injectClaimRepairFault(driverOptions, 'after-commit-before-backup-check');
+		try {
+			await assertClaimRepairBackupFenceCurrent(backupFence, { hardenPath, sidecarsBlocked: true });
+			assertClaimRepairBackupSidecarBlockersCurrent(sidecarBlockers);
+		} catch {
+			throw new ClaimRepairError(
+				'CLAIM_REPAIR_BACKUP_POSTCOMMIT_DRIFT',
+				'Claim repair committed, but the named backup changed; preserve the verified recovery path',
+				{ recovery_path: backupFence.recoveryPath },
+			);
+		}
+		injectClaimRepairFault(driverOptions, 'after-postcommit-backup-check');
+		return attachClaimRepairRecoveryPath(receipt, input.backupPath);
+	} catch (error) {
+		if (!committed) {
+			try {
+				execSql(runtime, db, 'ROLLBACK;');
+				rolledBack = true;
+			} catch { /* preserve the original failure and recovery copy */ }
+		}
+		throw error;
+	} finally {
+		removeClaimRepairBackupSidecarBlockers(sidecarBlockers);
+		closeClaimRepairBackupFence(backupFence, { removeRecovery: rolledBack });
+	}
+}
+
+function createDriver(runtime, configuredDatabasePath, driverOptions = {}) {
+	let db;
+	let openedDatabasePath;
+	let memorySchemaEnsured = false;
+	let usageEvidenceSchemaEnsured = false;
+
+	// kernel_memories is created by migration 005 through broker.initialize(), but the
+	// synchronous project-memory facade writes WITHOUT first running migrations. Lazily
+	// ensure the table (idempotent CREATE IF NOT EXISTS, rendered from the same migration)
+	// plus a busy_timeout for the second connection the issue backend may hold open.
+	function ensureMemorySchema(database, busyTimeoutMs) {
+		if (memorySchemaEnsured) return;
+		const requestedBusyTimeout = Number(busyTimeoutMs);
+		const busyTimeout = Number.isFinite(requestedBusyTimeout) && requestedBusyTimeout >= 0
+			? Math.floor(requestedBusyTimeout)
+			: 5_000;
+		execSql(runtime, database, `PRAGMA busy_timeout=${busyTimeout};`);
+		try {
+			for (const statement of buildMemoryProjectionMigration().apply) {
+				execSql(runtime, database, statement);
+			}
+		// FTS5 recall index (migration 008): create the virtual table + sync triggers
+		// idempotently so a synchronous memory write stays indexed without a prior
+		// broker.initialize(). When the index is NEWLY created, rebuild once to backfill any
+		// rows written before it existed (a DB upgraded from before this feature, or rows the
+		// insights engine wrote straight to kernel_memories) — the sync triggers keep it
+		// current thereafter, so steady-state process starts skip the reindex.
+		//
+		// Staleness is detected by TABLE EXISTENCE (sqlite_master), never by count(*): on an
+		// external-content FTS5 table `count(*)` returns the CONTENT row count, not the
+		// indexed-doc count, so it can never reveal an un-backfilled index.
+			const ftsDdl = memoryFtsDdl();
+			const ftsExisted = Number(queryOne(
+				runtime,
+				database,
+				"SELECT count(*) AS count FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table' AND name = 'kernel_memories_fts'",
+			).count) > 0;
+			execSql(runtime, database, ftsDdl.create);
+			for (const trigger of ftsDdl.triggers) {
+				execSql(runtime, database, trigger);
+			}
+			if (!ftsExisted) {
+				execSql(runtime, database, ftsDdl.rebuild);
+			}
+			memorySchemaEnsured = true;
+		} finally {
+			if (busyTimeout !== 5_000) {
+				execSql(runtime, database, 'PRAGMA busy_timeout=5000;');
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	function ensureUsageEvidenceSchema(database) {
+		if (usageEvidenceSchemaEnsured) return;
+		for (const statement of buildUsageEvidenceMigration().apply) {
+			execSql(runtime, database, statement);
+		}
+		usageEvidenceSchemaEnsured = true;
+	}
+
+	function resolveDatabasePath(config) {
+		const brokerDatabasePath = config && config.databasePath;
+		if (configuredDatabasePath && brokerDatabasePath && configuredDatabasePath !== brokerDatabasePath) {
+			throw new Error([
+				'Kernel SQLite driver databasePath mismatch:',
+				`driver is configured for ${configuredDatabasePath}`,
+				`but broker config uses ${brokerDatabasePath}`,
+			].join(' '));
+		}
+		const databasePath = brokerDatabasePath || configuredDatabasePath;
+		if (!databasePath) {
+			throw new Error('Kernel SQLite driver requires a databasePath or broker config databasePath');
+		}
+		return databasePath;
+	}
+
+	function getDatabase(config) {
+		const databasePath = resolveDatabasePath(config);
 		if (!db) {
 			db = createDatabase(runtime, databasePath);
+			execSql(runtime, db, 'PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON;');
 			openedDatabasePath = databasePath;
 		} else if (openedDatabasePath !== databasePath) {
 			throw new Error(`Kernel SQLite driver is already open for ${openedDatabasePath}`);
@@ -2287,7 +4840,7 @@ function createDriver(runtime, configuredDatabasePath) {
 		return db;
 	}
 
-	return {
+	const driver = {
 		runtime: {
 			id: runtime.id,
 			databaseClassName: runtime.databaseClassName,
@@ -2295,12 +4848,91 @@ function createDriver(runtime, configuredDatabasePath) {
 			experimental: runtime.experimental,
 		},
 		databasePath: configuredDatabasePath,
+		forkConnection(config = {}) {
+			const databasePath = resolveDatabasePath(config);
+			if (databasePath === ':memory:') {
+				const fork = Object.create(driver);
+				Object.defineProperty(fork, 'close', { value() {} });
+				Object.defineProperty(fork, 'transactionQueueKey', { value: driver });
+				return fork;
+			}
+			return createDriver(runtime, databasePath, driverOptions);
+		},
 		async exec(statement, config) {
 			execSql(runtime, getDatabase(config), statement);
 		},
 		async queryAll(statement, config) {
 			return queryAll(runtime, getDatabase(config), statement);
 		},
+		watchOwnerRead(input, config = {}) {
+			return readWatchOwner(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config }, input);
+		},
+		watchOwnerList(config = {}) {
+			return listWatchOwners(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config });
+		},
+		watchOwnerReserveStarting(input, config = {}) {
+			return applyWatchOwnerOperation(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config }, 'reserveStarting', input);
+		},
+		watchOwnerReserveReopened(input, config = {}) {
+			return applyWatchOwnerOperation(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config }, 'reserveReopened', input);
+		},
+		watchOwnerBindRunning(input, config = {}) {
+			return applyWatchOwnerOperation(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config }, 'bindRunning', input);
+		},
+		watchOwnerHeartbeat(input, config = {}) {
+			return applyWatchOwnerOperation(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config }, 'heartbeat', input);
+		},
+		watchOwnerRequestStop(input, config = {}) {
+			return applyWatchOwnerOperation(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config }, 'requestStop', input);
+		},
+		watchOwnerRecordTerminal(input, config = {}) {
+			return applyWatchOwnerOperation(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config }, 'recordTerminal', input);
+		},
+		watchOwnerCompleteTerminal(input, config = {}) {
+			return applyWatchOwnerOperation(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config }, 'completeTerminal', input);
+		},
+		watchOwnerAbortStarting(input, config = {}) {
+			return applyWatchOwnerOperation(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config }, 'abortStarting', input);
+		},
+		watchOwnerReleaseNonterminal(input, config = {}) {
+			return applyWatchOwnerOperation(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config }, 'releaseNonterminal', input);
+		},
+		watchOwnerRecoverDeadStarting(input, config = {}) {
+			return applyWatchOwnerOperation(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config }, 'recoverDeadStarting', input);
+		},
+		watchOwnerRecoverDeadWatcher(input, config = {}) {
+			return applyWatchOwnerOperation(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config }, 'recoverDeadWatcher', input);
+		},
+		watchOwnerMarkLegacyBlocked(input, config = {}) {
+			return applyWatchOwnerOperation(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config }, 'markLegacyBlocked', input);
+		},
+		watchOwnerRecheckLegacyBlocked(input, config = {}) {
+			return applyWatchOwnerOperation(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config }, 'recheckLegacyBlocked', input);
+		},
+		watchOwnerImportLegacyStarting(input, config = {}) {
+			return applyWatchOwnerOperation(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config }, 'importLegacyStarting', input);
+		},
+		watchOwnerImportLegacyComplete(input, config = {}) {
+			return applyWatchOwnerOperation(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config }, 'importLegacyComplete', input);
+		},
+		watchGateRead(_input = {}, config = {}) {
+			return readWatchGate(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config });
+		},
+		watchGatePublishQuarantine(input, config = {}) {
+			return applyWatchGateOperation(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config }, 'publishQuarantine', input);
+		},
+		watchGateBindSnapshot(input, config = {}) {
+			return applyWatchGateOperation(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config }, 'bindSnapshot', input);
+		},
+		watchGatePublishConflict(input, config = {}) {
+			return applyWatchGateOperation(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config }, 'publishConflict', input);
+		},
+		watchGateRetryConflict(input, config = {}) {
+			return applyWatchGateOperation(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config }, 'retryConflict', input);
+		},
+		watchGateCompleteMigration(input, config = {}) {
+			return applyWatchGateOperation(runtime, resolveDatabasePath(config), { ...driverOptions, ...config }, 'completeMigration', input);
+		},
 		async issueOperation(operation, args = [], context = {}, config = {}) {
 			const database = getDatabase(config);
 			const READ_OPERATIONS = new Set(['ready', 'list', 'show', 'search', 'stats', 'blocked', 'stale', 'orphans', 'lint', 'children', 'owns', 'claims']);
@@ -2396,7 +5028,22 @@ function createDriver(runtime, configuredDatabasePath) {
 					registeredAt,
 				],
 			);
-			return { ok: true, id };
+			const persisted = allParams(
+				runtime,
+				getDatabase(config),
+				'SELECT * FROM kernel_pr WHERE git_common_dir = ? AND repo = ? AND number = ? LIMIT 1',
+				[row.git_common_dir, row.repo, row.number],
+			)[0];
+			if (!persisted) {
+				throw new Error(`Kernel SQLite driver upsertPr: no kernel_pr row after upsert for ${row.repo}#${row.number}`);
+			}
+			return { ok: true, ...persisted };
+		},
+		async resolvePrLinkage(input, _context = {}, config = {}) {
+			return resolvePrLinkageRow(runtime, getDatabase(config), input);
+		},
+		async readTrace(target, _context = {}, config = {}) {
+			return loadTraceRows(runtime, getDatabase(config), target);
 		},
 		// The ONE verdict authority WRITE (design §1.2 rule 2) — FRESHEST-HEAD-SHA
 		// PRECEDENCE enforced in the WHERE so a verdict computed against a SUPERSEDED head is
@@ -2462,6 +5109,11 @@ function createDriver(runtime, configuredDatabasePath) {
 		async loadKernelEventByIdempotencyKey(idempotencyKey, _context = {}, config = {}) {
 			return loadKernelEventByIdempotencyKeyRow(runtime, getDatabase(config), idempotencyKey);
 		},
+		async loadPrEventsByRunId(runId, _context = {}, config = {}) {
+			return allParams(runtime, getDatabase(config),
+				"SELECT * FROM kernel_events WHERE entity_type = 'pr' AND json_extract(payload_json, '$.run_id') = ? ORDER BY created_at ASC, rowid ASC",
+				[runId]);
+		},
 		async insertKernelConflict(conflict, _context = {}, config = {}) {
 			return insertKernelConflictRow(runtime, getDatabase(config), conflict);
 		},
@@ -2504,6 +5156,69 @@ function createDriver(runtime, configuredDatabasePath) {
 		async updateKernelClaimState(claimId, state, _context = {}, config = {}) {
 			return updateKernelClaimStateRow(runtime, getDatabase(config), claimId, state);
 		},
+		async listActiveClaims(_context = {}, config = {}) {
+			return listActiveKernelClaimRows(runtime, getDatabase(config));
+		},
+		async releaseExactClaim(claim, _evidence = {}, config = {}) {
+			return releaseExactKernelClaimRow(runtime, getDatabase(config), claim);
+		},
+		async releaseExactClaimIfWorktreeMissing(claim, worktree, isMissing, _evidence = {}, config = {}) {
+			return releaseExactKernelClaimIfWorktreeMissing(
+				runtime, getDatabase(config), claim, worktree, isMissing,
+			);
+		},
+		// Explicit operator-only legacy data repair. This surface is never called by
+		// broker initialization or normal claim acquisition: dry-run is immutable,
+		// while apply requires a separately verified backup and approved exact digest.
+		async preflightLegacyClaimRepair(input = {}, config = {}) {
+			return preflightLegacyClaimRepairRow(runtime, getDatabase(config), input);
+		},
+		async applyLegacyClaimRepair(input = {}, config = {}) {
+			assertClaimRepairReplayInput(input);
+			const databasePath = resolveDatabasePath(config);
+			return withClaimRepairApplyQueue(databasePath, async () => {
+				const database = createDatabase(runtime, databasePath);
+				const hardenPath = driverOptions.hardenPath || hardenBackupPermissions;
+				const hardenPaths = driverOptions.hardenPaths
+					|| (driverOptions.hardenPath ? driverOptions.hardenPath.batch : hardenBackupPermissionsBatch);
+				try {
+					execSql(runtime, database, 'PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON;');
+					const replayed = replayStoredClaimRepairReceipt(
+						runtime,
+						database,
+						input.approvedDigest,
+						input.observedAt,
+						input.backupPath,
+					);
+					if (replayed) {
+						await verifyClaimRepairRecovery(replayed, input.backupPath, databasePath, { hardenPath });
+						return replayed;
+					}
+					if (!input.backupPath) {
+						throw new ClaimRepairError(
+							'CLAIM_REPAIR_BACKUP_PROOF_REQUIRED',
+							'Apply requires the path to a separately verified SQLite backup',
+						);
+					}
+					assertSafeBackupDestination(databasePath, input.backupPath);
+					const backupProof = await verifyClaimRepairBackup({
+						backupPath: input.backupPath,
+						observedAt: input.observedAt,
+						openDriver: restorePath => createDriver(runtime, restorePath),
+						hardenPath,
+						hardenPaths,
+					});
+					return await applyLegacyClaimRepairRow(
+						runtime,
+						database,
+						{ ...input, databasePath, backupProof },
+						driverOptions,
+					);
+				} finally {
+					closeDatabase(database);
+				}
+			}, driverOptions.claimRepairApplyQueue);
+		},
 		// commitGuardedAccept invokes this (typeof-guarded) INSIDE its BEGIN IMMEDIATE
 		// transaction to apply an accepted issue event to the authority tables. The
 		// returned summary ({id, revision, comment_id?}) flows back through
@@ -2551,6 +5266,12 @@ function createDriver(runtime, configuredDatabasePath) {
 		recordStageTransition(input, config = {}) {
 			return recordStageTransitionRow(runtime, getDatabase(config), input);
 		},
+		recordPlanSnapshotTransition(input, config = {}) {
+			return recordPlanSnapshotTransitionRow(runtime, getDatabase(config), input);
+		},
+		loadPlanSnapshot(filter = {}, config = {}) {
+			return loadPlanSnapshotRow(runtime, getDatabase(config), filter.issue_id);
+		},
 		listStageRuns(filter = {}, config = {}) {
 			return listStageRunRows(runtime, getDatabase(config), filter.issue_id);
 		},
@@ -2577,7 +5298,7 @@ function createDriver(runtime, configuredDatabasePath) {
 		searchMemoriesRanked(query, limit, config = {}) {
 			const database = getDatabase(config);
 			ensureMemorySchema(database);
-			return searchMemoryRowsRanked(runtime, database, query, limit);
+			return searchMemoryRowsRanked(runtime, database, query, limit, config);
 		},
 		// Relevance-only BM25 recall that also returns the raw bm25 `score` per entry, so a
 		// caller can apply a relevance floor. A no-match/empty query returns [] (no recency
@@ -2592,27 +5313,96 @@ function createDriver(runtime, configuredDatabasePath) {
 		recentMemories(limit, options = {}, config = {}) {
 			const database = getDatabase(config);
 			ensureMemorySchema(database);
-			return recentMemoryRows(runtime, database, limit, options.agents);
+			return recentMemoryRows(runtime, database, limit, options);
 		},
-		// Total stored memories (optionally scoped by `options.agents`) — lets recall report
+		// Total stored memories (optionally scoped by `options.agents` and `options.kind`) — lets recall report
 		// "showing N of TOTAL".
 		countMemories(options = {}, config = {}) {
 			const database = getDatabase(config);
 			ensureMemorySchema(database);
-			return countMemoryRows(runtime, database, options.agents);
+			return countMemoryRows(runtime, database, options);
+		},
+		appendUsageEvidence(event, config = {}) {
+			const database = getDatabase(config);
+			ensureUsageEvidenceSchema(database);
+			return appendUsageEvidence(createUsageEvidenceAdapter(runtime, database), event);
+		},
+		rebuildUsageProjection(config = {}) {
+			const database = getDatabase(config);
+			ensureUsageEvidenceSchema(database);
+			return rebuildUsageProjection(createUsageEvidenceAdapter(runtime, database));
+		},
+		loadUsageProjection(memoryId, config = {}) {
+			const database = getDatabase(config);
+			ensureUsageEvidenceSchema(database);
+			return allParams(runtime, database,
+				'SELECT scope, memory_id, last_used_at, use_count FROM memory_usage_projection WHERE memory_id = ?', [memoryId])[0] || null;
+		},
+		loadUsageProjections(memoryIds = [], config = {}) {
+			const database = getDatabase(config);
+			ensureUsageEvidenceSchema(database);
+			const ids = [...new Set(Array.isArray(memoryIds) ? memoryIds : [])];
+			if (ids.length === 0) return [];
+			return allParams(runtime, database,
+				`SELECT scope, memory_id, last_used_at, use_count FROM memory_usage_projection WHERE memory_id IN (${ids.map(() => '?').join(', ')})`, ids);
 		},
 		listMemories(config = {}) {
 			const database = getDatabase(config);
 			ensureMemorySchema(database);
 			return listMemoryRows(runtime, database);
 		},
+		// --- Memory-owned monitor durability. Public callers use @forge/memory, while
+		// these primitives independently reject malformed/private data as defense in depth.
+		async appendMonitorEvent(envelope, targets = [], config = {}) {
+			const database = getDatabase(config);
+			const safeEnvelope = assertMonitorEnvelope(envelope, 'forge.memory.monitor-event.v1');
+			return appendMonitorEventRow(runtime, database, safeEnvelope, normalizeMonitorTargets(targets), config);
+		},
+		async recordMonitorDeliveryReceipt(envelope, config = {}) {
+			const database = getDatabase(config);
+			const safeEnvelope = assertMonitorEnvelope(envelope, 'forge.memory.delivery-receipt.v1');
+			assertMonitorTarget(safeEnvelope.payload.target);
+			return recordMonitorDeliveryReceiptRow(runtime, database, safeEnvelope, config);
+		},
+		async recordMonitorTerminalReceipt(envelope, config = {}) {
+			const database = getDatabase(config);
+			const safeEnvelope = assertMonitorEnvelope(envelope, 'forge.memory.monitor-receipt.v1');
+			return recordMonitorTerminalReceiptRow(runtime, database, safeEnvelope, config);
+		},
+		async getMonitorEvent(eventId, config = {}) {
+			if (typeof eventId !== 'string' || !eventId || eventId.length > 255) {
+				throw new TypeError('eventId must be a bounded non-empty string');
+			}
+			return getMonitorEventRow(runtime, getDatabase(config), eventId);
+		},
+		async readMonitorEventTail(monitorId, options = {}, config = {}) {
+			return readMonitorEventTailRows(runtime, getDatabase(config), monitorId, options);
+		},
+		async readMonitorDeliveryState(monitorId, options = {}, config = {}) {
+			return readMonitorDeliveryStateRows(runtime, getDatabase(config), monitorId, options);
+		},
+		async listMonitorEvents(monitorId, config = {}) {
+			return listMonitorEventRows(runtime, getDatabase(config), monitorId);
+		},
+		async backup(destinationPath, config = {}, backupOptions = {}) {
+			const databasePath = resolveDatabasePath(config);
+			return createSafeBackup(
+				runtime,
+				getDatabase(config),
+				databasePath,
+				destinationPath,
+				{ ...driverOptions, ...backupOptions },
+			);
+		},
 		close() {
 			closeDatabase(db);
 			db = null;
 			openedDatabasePath = null;
 			memorySchemaEnsured = false;
+			usageEvidenceSchemaEnsured = false;
 		},
 	};
+	return driver;
 }
 
 function assertCapability(runtime, capability, detail) {
@@ -2719,13 +5509,354 @@ async function createBackup(runtime, db, backupPath) {
 		if (typeof db.serialize !== 'function') {
 			throw new Error('bun:sqlite Database.serialize() is unavailable');
 		}
-		fs.writeFileSync(backupPath, db.serialize());
+		fs.writeFileSync(backupPath, db.serialize(), { mode: 0o600 });
 		return;
 	}
 
 	throw new Error(`Unsupported builtin SQLite runtime: ${runtime.id}`);
 }
 
+function comparableFilePath(filePath) {
+	const resolved = path.resolve(filePath);
+	return process.platform === 'win32' ? resolved.toLowerCase() : resolved;
+}
+
+function assertSafeBackupDestination(databasePath, backupPath) {
+	if (!backupPath || databasePath === ':memory:' || String(databasePath).startsWith('file:')) {
+		throw new Error('SQLite backup requires distinct file-backed source and destination paths');
+	}
+	const source = comparableFilePath(databasePath);
+	const destination = comparableFilePath(backupPath);
+	if ([source, `${source}-wal`, `${source}-shm`, `${source}-journal`].includes(destination)) {
+		throw new Error('Backup destination must not alias the live SQLite database or its sidecars');
+	}
+	if (fs.existsSync(backupPath)) {
+		const destinationStat = fs.statSync(backupPath, { bigint: true });
+		for (const sourcePath of [databasePath, `${databasePath}-wal`, `${databasePath}-shm`, `${databasePath}-journal`]) {
+			if (!fs.existsSync(sourcePath)) continue;
+			const sourceStat = fs.statSync(sourcePath, { bigint: true });
+			if (sourceStat.dev === destinationStat.dev && sourceStat.ino === destinationStat.ino) {
+				throw new Error('Backup destination must not alias the live SQLite database or its sidecars');
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+function verifyBackupFile(runtime, backupPath) {
+	const backupDb = createDatabase(runtime, backupPath);
+	try {
+		const row = queryOne(runtime, backupDb, 'PRAGMA integrity_check;');
+		if (String(row.integrity_check || '').toLowerCase() !== 'ok') {
+			throw new Error('SQLite backup integrity verification failed');
+		}
+	} finally {
+		closeDatabase(backupDb);
+	}
+}
+
+async function hardenBackupPermissions(filePath, options = {}) {
+	const platform = options.platform || process.platform;
+	const fsApi = options.fsApi || fs;
+	const effectiveUserId = options.effectiveUserId ?? (typeof process.geteuid === 'function' ? process.geteuid() : null);
+	try {
+		if (platform === 'win32') {
+			const aclSecurer = options.aclSecurer || secureWindowsPathAcl;
+			await aclSecurer(filePath);
+			return;
+		}
+		const initial = fsApi.statSync(filePath);
+		if (effectiveUserId !== null && Number(initial.uid) !== Number(effectiveUserId)) {
+			throw new Error('path is not owned by the current effective user');
+		}
+		const ownerMode = typeof initial.isDirectory === 'function' && initial.isDirectory() ? 0o700 : 0o600;
+		fsApi.chmodSync(filePath, ownerMode);
+		if ((Number(fsApi.statSync(filePath).mode) & 0o077) !== 0) {
+			throw new Error(`mode remains broader than ${ownerMode.toString(8)}`);
+		}
+	} catch (error) {
+		throw new ClaimRepairError(
+			'CLAIM_REPAIR_BACKUP_PERMISSIONS',
+			'SQLite backup could not be secured with owner-only permissions',
+			{ cause: error.message || String(error) },
+		);
+	}
+}
+
+async function hardenBackupPermissionsBatch(filePaths, options = {}) {
+	if (!Array.isArray(filePaths) || filePaths.length === 0) return;
+	const paths = [...new Set(filePaths)];
+	const platform = options.platform || process.platform;
+	if (platform === 'win32' && !options.aclSecurer && !options.fsApi) {
+		try {
+			// One owner readback serves the whole batch after each DACL is secured.
+			await secureWindowsPathsAcl(paths);
+			return;
+		} catch (error) {
+			throw new ClaimRepairError(
+				'CLAIM_REPAIR_BACKUP_PERMISSIONS',
+				'SQLite backup could not be secured with owner-only permissions',
+				{ cause: error.message || String(error) },
+			);
+		}
+	}
+	for (const filePath of paths) await hardenBackupPermissions(filePath, options);
+}
+
+const WINDOWS_PRIVATE_ACL_SCRIPT_PATH = path.join(__dirname, 'windows-private-acl.js');
+const WINDOWS_PRIVATE_ACL_SCRIPT_RELATIVE_PATH = path.join('lib', 'kernel', 'windows-private-acl.js');
+const WINDOWS_PRIVATE_ACL_SCRIPT_SHA256 = '97f44c740bb843fcca0ea158e21d201b4e34b81eb1636a6a9e9410803a31e349';
+
+function resolveWindowsSystemExecutable(name, environment = process.env) {
+	const systemRoot = environment.SystemRoot;
+	if (typeof systemRoot !== 'string' || !path.win32.isAbsolute(systemRoot)) {
+		throw new Error('Windows backup hardening requires an absolute SystemRoot');
+	}
+	return path.win32.join(systemRoot, 'System32', name);
+}
+
+function resolveWindowsCscriptPath(environment = process.env) {
+	return resolveWindowsSystemExecutable('cscript.exe', environment);
+}
+
+function windowsAclScriptPath(fsApi = fs, packageRoot = getPackageRoot()) {
+	const scriptPath = path.join(packageRoot, WINDOWS_PRIVATE_ACL_SCRIPT_RELATIVE_PATH);
+	const script = fsApi.readFileSync(scriptPath);
+	const digest = createHash('sha256').update(script).digest('hex');
+	if (digest !== WINDOWS_PRIVATE_ACL_SCRIPT_SHA256) {
+		throw new Error('Windows ACL hardening script integrity check failed');
+	}
+	return scriptPath;
+}
+
+async function runWindowsProcess(command, args, options = {}) {
+	const runtime = options.runtime || (process.versions.bun ? 'bun' : 'node');
+	const timeout = options.timeout;
+	if (!Number.isFinite(timeout) || timeout <= 0) throw new Error('Windows ACL hardening subprocess timed out');
+	const setTimer = options.setTimer || setTimeout;
+	const clearTimer = options.clearTimer || clearTimeout;
+	let timedOut = false;
+	let exitCode;
+	let stdout;
+
+	if (runtime === 'bun') {
+		const spawn = options.bunSpawn || globalThis.Bun.spawn;
+		const child = spawn([command, ...args], {
+			cwd: options.cwd,
+			env: options.env,
+			stderr: 'ignore',
+			stdout: options.captureStdout ? 'pipe' : 'ignore',
+			windowsHide: false,
+		});
+		const timer = setTimer(() => {
+			timedOut = true;
+			child.kill('SIGKILL');
+		}, timeout);
+		try {
+			const output = options.captureStdout ? new Response(child.stdout).text() : Promise.resolve('');
+			[exitCode, stdout] = await Promise.all([child.exited, output]);
+		} finally {
+			clearTimer(timer);
+		}
+	} else {
+		const spawn = options.nodeSpawn || nodeSpawn;
+		const child = spawn(command, args, {
+			cwd: options.cwd,
+			env: options.env,
+			stdio: ['ignore', options.captureStdout ? 'pipe' : 'ignore', 'ignore'],
+			windowsHide: false,
+		});
+		const chunks = [];
+		if (options.captureStdout) child.stdout.on('data', chunk => chunks.push(Buffer.from(chunk)));
+		const timer = setTimer(() => {
+			timedOut = true;
+			child.kill('SIGKILL');
+		}, timeout);
+		try {
+			exitCode = await new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+				child.once('error', reject);
+				child.once('close', resolve);
+			});
+			stdout = options.captureStdout ? Buffer.concat(chunks).toString('utf8') : '';
+		} finally {
+			clearTimer(timer);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (timedOut) throw new Error('Windows ACL hardening subprocess timed out');
+	if (exitCode !== 0) throw new Error(`Windows ACL hardening subprocess failed (exit ${exitCode})`);
+	return stdout;
+}
+
+const WHOAMI_SID_CSV_ERROR = 'Windows ACL hardening could not resolve the current SID';
+
+function readQuotedCsvCharacter(input, index, state) {
+	const character = input[index];
+	if (character === '\r' || character === '\n') {
+		throw new Error(WHOAMI_SID_CSV_ERROR);
+	}
+	if (character !== '"') {
+		state.field += character;
+		return index;
+	}
+	if (input[index + 1] === '"') {
+		state.field += '"';
+		return index + 1;
+	}
+	state.inQuotes = false;
+	state.closedQuote = true;
+	return index;
+}
+
+function readUnquotedCsvCharacter(character, state) {
+	if (character === '"') {
+		if (state.field !== '') {
+			throw new Error(WHOAMI_SID_CSV_ERROR);
+		}
+		state.inQuotes = true;
+		return;
+	}
+	if (character === ',') {
+		state.fields.push(state.field);
+		state.field = '';
+		return;
+	}
+	if (character === '\r' || character === '\n') {
+		throw new Error(WHOAMI_SID_CSV_ERROR);
+	}
+	state.field += character;
+}
+
+function parseWhoamiCsvRecord(stdout) {
+	const input = String(stdout).replace(/\r?\n$/, '');
+	const state = { fields: [], field: '', inQuotes: false, closedQuote: false };
+	for (let index = 0; index < input.length; index += 1) {
+		const character = input[index];
+		if (state.inQuotes) {
+			index = readQuotedCsvCharacter(input, index, state);
+		} else if (state.closedQuote) {
+			if (character !== ',') {
+				throw new Error(WHOAMI_SID_CSV_ERROR);
+			}
+			state.fields.push(state.field);
+			state.field = '';
+			state.closedQuote = false;
+		} else {
+			readUnquotedCsvCharacter(character, state);
+		}
+	}
+	if (state.inQuotes) throw new Error(WHOAMI_SID_CSV_ERROR);
+	state.fields.push(state.field);
+	return state.fields;
+}
+
+function parseWhoamiSid(stdout) {
+	const fields = parseWhoamiCsvRecord(stdout);
+	const sid = fields[1];
+	if (fields.length !== 2 || !/^S-1-[0-9]+(?:-[0-9]+)+$/.test(sid || '')) {
+		throw new Error('Windows ACL hardening could not resolve the current SID');
+	}
+	return sid;
+}
+
+async function secureWindowsPathsAcl(filePaths, options = {}) {
+	if (!Array.isArray(filePaths) || filePaths.length === 0 || filePaths.length > 128) {
+		throw new Error('Windows ACL hardening requires one to 128 targets');
+	}
+	for (const filePath of filePaths) {
+		if (typeof filePath !== 'string' || !filePath || filePath.includes('\0')) {
+			throw new Error('Windows ACL hardening requires valid target paths');
+		}
+	}
+	const targetPaths = [...new Set(filePaths.map(filePath => path.win32.resolve(filePath)))];
+	const environment = options.environment || process.env;
+	const cscriptPath = resolveWindowsCscriptPath(environment);
+	const whoamiPath = resolveWindowsSystemExecutable('whoami.exe', environment);
+	const systemDirectory = path.win32.dirname(cscriptPath);
+	const scriptPath = windowsAclScriptPath(options.fsApi || fs, options.packageRoot || getPackageRoot());
+	const now = options.now || Date.now;
+	const deadline = now() + (options.timeout || 15_000);
+	const remainingTimeout = () => {
+		const remaining = deadline - now();
+		if (remaining <= 0) throw new Error('Windows ACL hardening subprocess timed out');
+		return remaining;
+	};
+	const processOptions = {
+		bunSpawn: options.bunSpawn,
+		clearTimer: options.clearTimer,
+		cwd: systemDirectory,
+		nodeSpawn: options.nodeSpawn,
+		runtime: options.runtime,
+		setTimer: options.setTimer,
+	};
+	const sid = parseWhoamiSid(await runWindowsProcess(whoamiPath, ['/user', '/fo', 'csv', '/nh'], {
+		...processOptions,
+		captureStdout: true,
+		env: { SystemRoot: environment.SystemRoot },
+		timeout: remainingTimeout(),
+	}));
+	const childEnvironment = {
+		FORGE_PRIVATE_ACL_COUNT: String(targetPaths.length),
+		FORGE_PRIVATE_ACL_SID: sid,
+		SystemRoot: environment.SystemRoot,
+	};
+	targetPaths.forEach((filePath, index) => {
+		childEnvironment[`FORGE_PRIVATE_ACL_TARGET_${index}`] = filePath;
+	});
+	await runWindowsProcess(cscriptPath, ['//B', '//Nologo', '//E:JScript', '//T:14', scriptPath], {
+		...processOptions,
+		captureStdout: false,
+		env: childEnvironment,
+		timeout: remainingTimeout(),
+	});
+}
+
+async function secureWindowsPathAcl(filePath) {
+	await secureWindowsPathsAcl([filePath]);
+}
+
+async function createPrivateBackupDirectory(backupPath, options = {}) {
+	const directory = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(path.dirname(backupPath), '.forge-sqlite-backup-'));
+	try {
+		if (process.platform === 'win32') await (options.hardenPath || secureWindowsPathAcl)(directory);
+		else {
+			fs.chmodSync(directory, 0o700);
+			if ((Number(fs.statSync(directory).mode) & 0o077) !== 0) throw new Error('mode remains broader than 0700');
+		}
+	} catch (error) {
+		fs.rmSync(directory, { recursive: true, force: true });
+		throw new ClaimRepairError(
+			'CLAIM_REPAIR_BACKUP_PERMISSIONS',
+			'SQLite backup workspace could not be secured with owner-only permissions',
+			{ cause: error.message || String(error) },
+		);
+	}
+	return directory;
+}
+
+async function createSafeBackup(runtime, db, databasePath, backupPath, options = {}) {
+	assertSafeBackupDestination(databasePath, backupPath);
+	ensureFileBackedDatabaseDirectory(backupPath);
+	const hardenPath = options.hardenPath || hardenBackupPermissions;
+	const tempDirectory = await createPrivateBackupDirectory(backupPath, { hardenPath });
+	const tempPath = path.join(tempDirectory, `${path.basename(backupPath)}.${process.pid}.${randomUUID()}.tmp`);
+	const backupWriter = options.backupWriter || createBackup;
+	const backupVerifier = options.backupVerifier || verifyBackupFile;
+	const backupReplacer = options.backupReplacer || (options.noReplace
+		? ((source, destination) => (process.platform === 'win32'
+			? fs.linkSync(source, destination)
+			: fs.copyFileSync(source, destination, fs.constants.COPYFILE_EXCL)))
+		: ((source, destination) => fs.renameSync(source, destination)));
+	try {
+		await backupWriter(runtime, db, tempPath);
+		await hardenPath(tempPath);
+		await backupVerifier(runtime, tempPath);
+		await backupReplacer(tempPath, backupPath);
+		await hardenPath(backupPath);
+	} finally {
+		fs.rmSync(tempDirectory, { recursive: true, force: true });
+	}
+}
+
 async function validateBackup(runtime, db, backupPath) {
 	const tableName = createProbeTableName('forge_backup_probe');
 	try {
@@ -2800,7 +5931,7 @@ async function validateBuiltinSQLiteRuntimeDriver(options = {}, deps = {}) {
 
 function createBuiltinSQLiteDriver(options = {}, deps = {}) {
 	const runtime = options.runtime || selectBuiltinSQLiteRuntime(deps);
-	return createDriver(runtime, options.databasePath);
+	return createDriver(runtime, options.databasePath, options);
 }
 
 module.exports = {
@@ -2808,7 +5939,15 @@ module.exports = {
 	CONFLICT_SIGNAL,
 	classifyConflictSignal,
 	createBuiltinSQLiteDriver,
+	hardenBackupPermissions,
+	hardenBackupPermissionsBatch,
 	requireSqliteRuntimeModule,
+	resolveWindowsCscriptPath,
+	secureWindowsPathsAcl,
 	selectBuiltinSQLiteRuntime,
+	syncClaimRepairRecoveryDirectory,
 	validateBuiltinSQLiteRuntimeDriver,
+	WINDOWS_PRIVATE_ACL_SCRIPT_PATH,
+	WINDOWS_PRIVATE_ACL_SCRIPT_SHA256,
+	_runWindowsProcess: runWindowsProcess,
 };