fhirsmith 0.18.2 → 1.0.0

package/tx/cs/cs-loinc.js

@@ -2,12 +2,13 @@ const sqlite3 = require('sqlite3').verbose();
 const assert = require('assert');
 const { CodeSystem } = require('../library/codesystem');
 const { Language, Languages} = require('../../library/languages');
-const { CodeSystemFactoryProvider} = require('./cs-api');
+const { CodeSystemFactoryProvider, CodeSystemProvider } = require('./cs-api');
 const { validateOptionalParameter, validateArrayParameter} = require("../../library/utilities");
 const {BaseCSServices} = require("./cs-base");
-const {sqlEscapeString} = require("../../xig/xig");
+const {sqlEscapeString} = require("../../library/sqlite-utilities");
 const regexUtilities = require('../../library/regex-utilities');
 const {ConceptMap} = require("../library/conceptmap");
+const { guarded } = require('../library/sqlite-utilities');
 
 // Context kinds matching Pascal enum
 const LoincProviderContextKind = {
@@ -53,13 +54,16 @@ function mapRelationship(equivalence, fromLoinc) {
   }
 }
 
+// CLASSTYPE: the code and the description the importer stores (see descClassType in
+// import-loinc.module.js - 'Claims attachment', singular), and back
 const classTypes = {
   '1': 'Laboratory class',
   '2': 'Clinical class',
-  '3': 'Claims attachments',
+  '3': 'Claims attachment',
   '4': 'Surveys',
   'Laboratory class' : '1',
   'Clinical class' : '2',
+  'Claims attachment' : '3',
   'Claims attachments' : '3',
   'Surveys' : '4'
 };
@@ -124,6 +128,9 @@ class LoincFilterHolder {
   }
 
   hasKey(key) {
+    if (this.keySet) {
+      return this.keySet.has(key);
+    }
     // Binary search since keys should be sorted
     let l = 0;
     let r = this.keys.length - 1;
@@ -142,8 +149,9 @@ class LoincFilterHolder {
 }
 
 class LoincPrep {
-  constructor() {
+  constructor(languages = null) {
     this.filters = [];
+    this.languages = languages; // what the request asked for (a text filter searches one language)
   }
 }
 
@@ -168,10 +176,7 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
   }
 
   close() {
-    if (this.db) {
-      this.db.close();
-      this.db = null;
-    }
+    this.closeDb();
   }
 
   // Metadata methods
@@ -336,6 +341,14 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
 
   }
 
+  /**
+   * The concept's properties for $expand: built by extendLookup, so that an expansion reports
+   * the same properties $lookup does (see CodeSystemProvider._propertiesFromLookup)
+   */
+  async properties(context, names) {
+    return this._propertiesFromLookup(context, names);
+  }
+
   async extendLookup(ctxt, props, params) {
     validateArrayParameter(props, 'props', String);
     validateArrayParameter(params, 'params', Object);
@@ -478,15 +491,18 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
 
   async #addRelationshipProperties(ctxt, props, params) {
     return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+      // DISTINCT: databases imported before the importer de-duplicated relationships have the
+      // same row more than once - a part listed twice under the same parent in
+      // ComponentHierarchyBySystem (on two paths) has two parent rows
       const sql = `
-          SELECT RelationshipTypes.Description as Relationship, Codes.Code, Codes.Description as Value
+          SELECT DISTINCT RelationshipTypes.Description as Relationship, Codes.Code, Codes.Description as Value
           FROM Relationships, RelationshipTypes, Codes
           WHERE Relationships.SourceKey = ?
             AND Relationships.RelationshipTypeKey = RelationshipTypes.RelationshipTypeKey
             AND Relationships.TargetKey = Codes.CodeKey
       `;
 
-      this.db.all(sql, [ctxt.key], (err, rows) => {
+      this.db.all(sql, [ctxt.key], guarded(reject, (err, rows) => {
         if (err) {
           reject(err);
         } else {
@@ -504,7 +520,7 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
           }
           resolve();
         }
-      });
+      }));
     });
   }
 
@@ -518,14 +534,15 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
             AND Properties.PropertyValueKey = PropertyValues.PropertyValueKey
       `;
 
-      this.db.all(sql, [ctxt.key], (err, rows) => {
+      this.db.all(sql, [ctxt.key], guarded(reject, (err, rows) => {
         if (err) {
           reject(err);
         } else {
           for (const row of rows) {
             if (this._hasProp(props, row.Description, true)) {
               if (row.Description == 'CLASSTYPE') {
-                this._addStringProperty(params, 'property', row.Description, classTypes[row.Value])
+                // the code (1-4), with its description; a description with no known code is the value
+                this._addStringProperty(params, 'property', row.Description, classTypes[row.Value] || row.Value)
                   .part.push({name: 'description', valueString: row.Value});
               } else {
                 this._addStringProperty(params, 'property', row.Description, row.Value);
@@ -534,7 +551,7 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
           }
           resolve();
         }
-      });
+      }));
     });
   }
 
@@ -542,7 +559,7 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
     return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
       const sql = 'SELECT StatusKey FROM Codes WHERE CodeKey = ? AND StatusKey != 0';
 
-      this.db.get(sql, [ctxt.key], (err, row) => {
+      this.db.get(sql, [ctxt.key], guarded(reject, (err, row) => {
         if (err) {
           reject(err);
         } else if (row) {
@@ -556,7 +573,7 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
         } else {
           resolve();
         }
-      });
+      }));
     });
   }
 
@@ -584,7 +601,7 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
           AND Descriptions.LanguageKey = Languages.LanguageKey
       `;
 
-      this.db.all(sql, [ctxt.key], (err, rows) => {
+      this.db.all(sql, [ctxt.key], guarded(reject, (err, rows) => {
         if (err) {
           reject(err);
         } else {
@@ -593,7 +610,7 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
           }
           resolve();
         }
-      });
+      }));
     });
   }
 
@@ -611,7 +628,7 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
           ORDER BY DescriptionTypeKey
       `;
 
-      this.db.all(sql, [ctxt.key], (err, rows) => {
+      this.db.all(sql, [ctxt.key], guarded(reject, (err, rows) => {
         if (err) {
           reject(err);
         } else {
@@ -624,7 +641,7 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
 
           resolve(displays);
         }
-      });
+      }));
     });
   }
 
@@ -658,7 +675,7 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
             AND Descriptions.LanguageKey = Languages.LanguageKey
       `;
 
-      this.db.all(sql, [ctxt.key], (err, rows) => {
+      this.db.all(sql, [ctxt.key], guarded(reject, (err, rows) => {
         if (err) {
           reject(err);
         } else {
@@ -669,7 +686,7 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
           }
           resolve(results);
         }
-      });
+      }));
     });
   }
 
@@ -683,7 +700,7 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
             AND Descriptions.LanguageKey = Languages.LanguageKey
       `;
 
-      this.db.all(sql, [ctxt.key], (err, rows) => {
+      this.db.all(sql, [ctxt.key], guarded(reject, (err, rows) => {
         if (err) {
           reject(err);
         } else {
@@ -693,7 +710,7 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
           }
           resolve(results);
         }
-      });
+      }));
     });
   }
 
@@ -782,11 +799,17 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
       return true;
     }
 
-    // LIST filter
+    // LIST filter: tx.fhir.org's own name for answers-for = [answer list], supported for
+    // backwards compatibility only (the defined filters are answers-for and answer-list, UP-645)
     if (prop === 'LIST' && op === '=' && this.codes.has(value)) {
       return true;
     }
 
+    // answer-list filter: the answer lists (LL) that an answer (LA) is in (UP-645)
+    if (prop === 'answer-list' && op === '=') {
+      return true;
+    }
+
     // CLASSSTYPE filter
     if (prop === 'CLASSTYPE' && op === '=' && ["1", "2", "3", "4"].includes(value)) {
       return true;
@@ -802,6 +825,13 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
       return true;
     }
 
+    // LOINC's own hierarchy filter: ancestor = part (or in parts), the codes the part subsumes
+    // in the multi-axial hierarchy. LOINC's implicit value sets (http://loinc.org/vs/[partcode])
+    // are defined with it
+    if (prop === 'ancestor' && ['=', 'in'].includes(op)) {
+      return true;
+    }
+
     // code filters (VSAC workaround)
     if (prop === 'code' && ['is-a', 'descendent-of', '='].includes(op)) {
       return true;
@@ -815,8 +845,8 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
     return false;
   }
 
-  async getPrepContext(iterate) {
-    return new LoincPrep(iterate);
+  async getPrepContext(iterate, languages = null) {
+    return new LoincPrep(languages);
   }
 
   async filter(filterContext, forIteration, prop, op, value) {
@@ -825,10 +855,49 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
     filterContext.filters.push(filter);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * A text filter matches the codes with a name in the search language (see searchLanguage:
+   * the request's language if LOINC has it, else English) that contains the text, and the
+   * codes that a supplement in use gives a matching designation in that language. In English
+   * the name is the display (scanning every English description - short names, consumer
+   * names - takes 2+ seconds, against 0.2 for the displays); in another language it is any
+   * description in it but RELATEDNAMES2, which is a list of keywords (a property), not a name.
+   * LOINC does not rate its matches, so sorted or not they come in display order
+   */
   async searchFilter(filterContext, filterText, sort) { // eslint-disable-line no-unused-vars
     const filter = new LoincFilterHolder();
-    // LOINC does not rate its matches, so sorted or not they come in description order
-    await this.#executeFilterQuery('$text', '<', filterText.filter, filter);
+    const lang = this.searchLanguage(filterContext.languages);
+    const english = CodeSystemProvider.inSearchLanguage(null, lang);
+    const langKeys = [];
+    for (const [code, key] of this.langs) {
+      if (!english && CodeSystemProvider.inSearchLanguage(code, lang)) {
+        langKeys.push(key);
+      }
+    }
+    const text = sqlEscapeString(filterText.filter || '');
+    const conds = [];
+    if (english) {
+      conds.push(`Codes.Description like '%${text}%'`); // the display, which is English
+    }
+    if (langKeys.length > 0) {
+      conds.push(`Codes.CodeKey IN (SELECT CodeKey FROM Descriptions WHERE LanguageKey IN (${langKeys.join(',')})
+                   AND DescriptionTypeKey != 4 AND Value like '%${text}%')`);
+    }
+    if (conds.length > 0) {
+      await this.#executeSQL(`SELECT Codes.CodeKey as Key FROM Codes WHERE ${conds.join(' OR ')} ORDER BY Codes.Description ASC`, filter);
+    } else {
+      filter.keys = [];
+    }
+    const have = new Set(filter.keys);
+    for (const code of this._supplementSearchCodes(filterText, lang)) {
+      const ctxt = this.codes.get(code);
+      if (ctxt && !have.has(ctxt.key)) {
+        filter.keys.push(ctxt.key);
+        have.add(ctxt.key);
+      }
+    }
+    filter.lsql = 'text'; // checked by key (filterLocate needs it set)
+    filter.keySet = new Set(filter.keys); // in display order, not key order, so hasKey can't binary search
     filterContext.filters.push(filter);
   }
 
@@ -847,6 +916,17 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
                 AND SourceKey IN (SELECT CodeKey FROM Codes WHERE Code = '${this.#sqlWrapString(value)}')
                 AND TargetKey = `;
     }
+    // answer-list filter: the answer lists (LL) the answer (LA) is in - the inverse of answers-for
+    else if (prop === 'answer-list' && op === '=') {
+      sql = `SELECT DISTINCT SourceKey as Key FROM Relationships
+             WHERE RelationshipTypeKey = ${this.relationships.get('Answer')}
+               AND TargetKey IN (SELECT CodeKey FROM Codes WHERE Code = '${this.#sqlWrapString(value)}')
+             ORDER BY SourceKey ASC`;
+      lsql = `SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT SourceKey) FROM Relationships
+              WHERE RelationshipTypeKey = ${this.relationships.get('Answer')}
+                AND TargetKey IN (SELECT CodeKey FROM Codes WHERE Code = '${this.#sqlWrapString(value)}')
+                AND SourceKey = `;
+    }
     // answers-for filter
     else if (prop === 'answers-for' && op === '=') {
       if (value.startsWith('LL')) {
@@ -1033,6 +1113,14 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
     else if (prop === 'concept' && ['is-a', 'descendent-of'].includes(op)) {
       ({ sql, lsql } = this.#hierarchyFilterSql(op, value));
     }
+    // ancestor = X is LOINC's name for descendent-of X: "Ancestor includes parents transitively",
+    // and the part itself is not its own ancestor. in is the union over the parts
+    else if (prop === 'ancestor' && op === '=') {
+      ({ sql, lsql } = this.#hierarchyFilterSql('descendent-of', value));
+    }
+    else if (prop === 'ancestor' && op === 'in') {
+      ({ sql, lsql } = this.#hierarchyFilterSql('descendent-of', null, this.#commaListOfCodes(value)));
+    }
     // Concept equal filter (workaround for VSAC misuse)
     else if (prop === 'concept' && op === '=') {
       sql = `SELECT CodeKey as Key FROM Codes
@@ -1109,14 +1197,15 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
    * the file as a graph would, for example, put Glucose in Serum or Plasma under Urinalysis,
    * because Protein appears under both.
    */
-  #hierarchyFilterSql(op, value) {
-    const code = this.#sqlWrapString(value);
-    const descendants = `SELECT DescendentKey as Key FROM Closure
-             WHERE AncestorKey IN (SELECT CodeKey FROM Codes WHERE Code = '${code}')`;
+  #hierarchyFilterSql(op, value, codeList = null) {
+    // one code, or (codeList) an already quoted, comma separated list of them
+    const codes = codeList || `'${this.#sqlWrapString(value)}'`;
+    const descendants = `SELECT DISTINCT DescendentKey as Key FROM Closure
+             WHERE AncestorKey IN (SELECT CodeKey FROM Codes WHERE Code IN (${codes}))`;
     const set = op === 'is-a'
       ? `${descendants}
              UNION
-             SELECT CodeKey as Key FROM Codes WHERE Code = '${code}'`
+             SELECT CodeKey as Key FROM Codes WHERE Code IN (${codes})`
       : descendants;
     return {
       sql: `${set}
@@ -1128,10 +1217,11 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
 // Helper method for regex matching
   async #findRegexMatches(sql, pattern, valueColumn, keyColumn = 'Key') {
     return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-      const regex = regexUtilities.compile(pattern);
+      // the whole value, as for every regex filter: a|b is ^(?:a|b)$
+      const regex = regexUtilities.compile('^(?:' + pattern + ')$');
       const matchingKeys = [];
 
-      this.db.all(sql, (err, rows) => {
+      this.db.all(sql, guarded(reject, (err, rows) => {
         if (err) {
           reject(err);
         } else {
@@ -1143,7 +1233,7 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
           }
           resolve(matchingKeys);
         }
-      });
+      }));
     });
   }
 
@@ -1157,14 +1247,14 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
 
   async #executeSQL(sql, filter) {
     return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-      this.db.all(sql, (err, rows) => {
+      this.db.all(sql, guarded(reject, (err, rows) => {
         if (err) {
           reject(err);
         } else {
           filter.keys = rows.map(row => row.Key).filter(key => key !== 0);
           resolve();
         }
-      });
+      }));
     });
   }
 
@@ -1173,8 +1263,19 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
   }
 
   async executeFilters(filterContext) {
-
-    return filterContext.filters;
+    const filters = filterContext.filters;
+    if (filters.length <= 1) {
+      return filters;
+    }
+    // Every filter is already a list of keys in memory, so the include is their intersection,
+    // as one set: its size is the include's size (count=0 needs no walk, and so no limit), and
+    // the expander walks only the codes that are in it. In the first filter's order
+    const others = filters.slice(1).map(f => new Set(f.keys));
+    const set = new LoincFilterHolder();
+    set.keys = filters[0].keys.filter(k => others.every(o => o.has(k)));
+    set.keySet = new Set(set.keys);
+    set.lsql = filters.map(f => f.lsql).find(l => l) || 'intersection';
+    return [set];
   }
 
   async filterSize(filterContext, set) {
@@ -1285,9 +1386,14 @@ class LoincServices extends BaseCSServices {
 }
 
 class LoincServicesFactory extends CodeSystemFactoryProvider {
-  constructor(i18n, dbPath) {
+  /**
+   * @param {Object} [options] - {readOnly: true} in a tx-worker (cluster.md): the master
+   *   sets the journal mode and makes the indexes; this process opens the file read-only
+   */
+  constructor(i18n, dbPath, options = {}) {
     super(i18n);
     this.dbPath = dbPath;
+    this.readOnly = !!options.readOnly;
     this.uses = 0;
     this._loaded = false;
     this._sharedData = null;
@@ -1312,7 +1418,7 @@ class LoincServicesFactory extends CodeSystemFactoryProvider {
   }
 
   async load() {
-    const db = new sqlite3.Database(this.dbPath);
+    const db = this.readOnly ? new sqlite3.Database(this.dbPath, sqlite3.OPEN_READONLY) : new sqlite3.Database(this.dbPath);
 
     // Enable performance optimizations
     await this.#optimizeDatabase(db);
@@ -1365,6 +1471,13 @@ class LoincServicesFactory extends CodeSystemFactoryProvider {
   async #optimizeDatabase(db) {
     return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
       db.serialize(() => {
+        if (this.readOnly) {
+          // this connection's settings only; the file is the master's
+          db.run('PRAGMA cache_size = 10000');
+          db.run('PRAGMA temp_store = MEMORY');
+          db.run('PRAGMA mmap_size = 268435456', (err) => err ? reject(err) : resolve());
+          return;
+        }
         db.run('PRAGMA journal_mode = WAL');
         db.run('PRAGMA synchronous = NORMAL');
         db.run('PRAGMA cache_size = 10000');
@@ -1384,7 +1497,7 @@ class LoincServicesFactory extends CodeSystemFactoryProvider {
 
   async #loadLanguages(db) {
     return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-      db.all('SELECT LanguageKey, Code FROM Languages', (err, rows) => {
+      db.all('SELECT LanguageKey, Code FROM Languages', guarded(reject, (err, rows) => {
         if (err) {
           reject(err);
         } else {
@@ -1393,13 +1506,13 @@ class LoincServicesFactory extends CodeSystemFactoryProvider {
           }
           resolve();
         }
-      });
+      }));
     });
   }
 
   async #loadStatusCodes(db) {
     return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-      db.all('SELECT StatusKey, Description FROM StatusCodes', (err, rows) => {
+      db.all('SELECT StatusKey, Description FROM StatusCodes', guarded(reject, (err, rows) => {
         if (err) {
           reject(err);
         } else {
@@ -1409,13 +1522,13 @@ class LoincServicesFactory extends CodeSystemFactoryProvider {
           }
           resolve();
         }
-      });
+      }));
     });
   }
 
   async #loadRelationshipTypes(db) {
     return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-      db.all('SELECT RelationshipTypeKey, Description FROM RelationshipTypes', (err, rows) => {
+      db.all('SELECT RelationshipTypeKey, Description FROM RelationshipTypes', guarded(reject, (err, rows) => {
         if (err) {
           reject(err);
         } else {
@@ -1424,13 +1537,13 @@ class LoincServicesFactory extends CodeSystemFactoryProvider {
           }
           resolve();
         }
-      });
+      }));
     });
   }
 
   async #loadPropertyTypes(db) {
     return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-      db.all('SELECT PropertyTypeKey, Description FROM PropertyTypes', (err, rows) => {
+      db.all('SELECT PropertyTypeKey, Description FROM PropertyTypes', guarded(reject, (err, rows) => {
         if (err) {
           reject(err);
         } else {
@@ -1439,14 +1552,14 @@ class LoincServicesFactory extends CodeSystemFactoryProvider {
           }
           resolve();
         }
-      });
+      }));
     });
   }
 
   async #loadCodes(db) {
     return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
       // First get the count to pre-allocate array
-      db.get('SELECT MAX(CodeKey) as maxKey FROM Codes', (err, row) => {
+      db.get('SELECT MAX(CodeKey) as maxKey FROM Codes', guarded(reject, (err, row) => {
         if (err) return reject(err);
 
         // Pre-allocate the array to avoid repeated resizing
@@ -1454,7 +1567,7 @@ class LoincServicesFactory extends CodeSystemFactoryProvider {
         this._sharedData.codeList = new Array(maxKey + 1).fill(null);
 
         // Now load all codes
-        db.all('SELECT CodeKey, Code, Type, Codes.Description, StatusCodes.Description as Status FROM Codes, StatusCodes where StatusCodes.StatusKey = Codes.StatusKey order by Type Asc, CodeKey Asc', (err, rows) => {
+        db.all('SELECT CodeKey, Code, Type, Codes.Description, StatusCodes.Description as Status FROM Codes, StatusCodes where StatusCodes.StatusKey = Codes.StatusKey order by Type Asc, CodeKey Asc', guarded(reject, (err, rows) => {
           if (err) return reject(err);
 
           // Batch process rows
@@ -1476,8 +1589,8 @@ class LoincServicesFactory extends CodeSystemFactoryProvider {
             }
           }
           resolve();
-        });
-      });
+        }));
+      }));
     });
   }
 
@@ -1497,7 +1610,7 @@ class LoincServicesFactory extends CodeSystemFactoryProvider {
           ORDER BY d.CodeKey
       `;
 
-      db.all(sql, (err, rows) => {
+      db.all(sql, guarded(reject, (err, rows) => {
         if (err) return reject(err);
 
         // Batch process by CodeKey to reduce lookups
@@ -1517,7 +1630,7 @@ class LoincServicesFactory extends CodeSystemFactoryProvider {
           }
         }
         resolve();
-      });
+      }));
     });
   }
 
@@ -1528,12 +1641,13 @@ class LoincServicesFactory extends CodeSystemFactoryProvider {
     }
 
     return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+      // DISTINCT, for databases imported with duplicate rows (see #addRelationshipProperties)
       const sql = `
-          SELECT SourceKey, TargetKey FROM Relationships
+          SELECT DISTINCT SourceKey, TargetKey FROM Relationships
           WHERE RelationshipTypeKey = ${childRelKey}
       `;
 
-      db.all(sql, (err, rows) => {
+      db.all(sql, guarded(reject, (err, rows) => {
         if (err) {
           reject(err);
         } else {
@@ -1547,13 +1661,13 @@ class LoincServicesFactory extends CodeSystemFactoryProvider {
           }
           resolve();
         }
-      });
+      }));
     });
   }
 
   async #loadConfig(db) {
     return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-      db.all('SELECT ConfigKey, Value FROM Config WHERE ConfigKey IN (2, 3)', (err, rows) => {
+      db.all('SELECT ConfigKey, Value FROM Config WHERE ConfigKey IN (2, 3)', guarded(reject, (err, rows) => {
         if (err) {
           reject(err);
         } else {
@@ -1566,7 +1680,7 @@ class LoincServicesFactory extends CodeSystemFactoryProvider {
           }
           resolve();
         }
-      });
+      }));
     });
   }
 
@@ -1577,14 +1691,14 @@ class LoincServicesFactory extends CodeSystemFactoryProvider {
   // the mapping tables were added with the LOINC 2.83 importer; older databases don't have them
   async #loadHasMappings(db) {
     return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-      db.get("SELECT name FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table' AND name = 'ExternalMappings'", (err, row) => {
+      db.get("SELECT name FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table' AND name = 'ExternalMappings'", guarded(reject, (err, row) => {
         if (err) {
           reject(err);
         } else {
           this._sharedData.hasMappings = !!row;
           resolve();
         }
-      });
+      }));
     });
   }
 
@@ -1597,7 +1711,7 @@ class LoincServicesFactory extends CodeSystemFactoryProvider {
       db.all(`SELECT Codes.Code as LoincCode, ExternalCodes.System, ExternalCodes.Code
               FROM ExternalMappings, ExternalCodes, Codes
               WHERE ExternalMappings.ExternalCodeKey = ExternalCodes.ExternalCodeKey
-                AND ExternalMappings.CodeKey = Codes.CodeKey`, (err, rows) => {
+                AND ExternalMappings.CodeKey = Codes.CodeKey`, guarded(reject, (err, rows) => {
         if (err) {
           reject(err);
         } else {
@@ -1612,7 +1726,7 @@ class LoincServicesFactory extends CodeSystemFactoryProvider {
           }
           resolve();
         }
-      });
+      }));
     });
   }
 
@@ -1791,6 +1905,11 @@ class LoincServicesFactory extends CodeSystemFactoryProvider {
   id() {
     return "loinc"+this.version();
   }
+
+  /** Codes, parts, answers and groups all have a page at loinc.org (as LoincLinker in org.hl7.fhir.core) */
+  codeLink(context) {
+    return context && context.code ? `https://loinc.org/${encodeURIComponent(context.code)}/` : undefined;
+  }
 }
 
 module.exports = {