ffmpeg-skill 1.11.1 → 1.12.0

package/scripts/_common.py

@@ -1604,6 +1604,20 @@ def time_arg(value: str, flag: str, fps: Optional[float] = None) -> float:
     return 0.0  # unreachable
 
 
+def signed_time_arg(value: str, flag: str, fps: Optional[float] = None) -> float:
+    """time_arg() for a flag that may also be negative (an offset, not a point in time): a single
+    leading '-'/'+' is taken as the sign and the rest goes through the ordinary time grammar, so
+    `--offset -00:00:02`, `--offset -1.5` and `--offset 0:02` all mean what they read as."""
+    text = (value or "").strip()
+    sign = 1.0
+    if text[:1] in "+-":
+        sign = -1.0 if text[0] == "-" else 1.0
+        text = text[1:].strip()
+    if not text:
+        die(f"{flag} {value!r}: not a time (use seconds, mm:ss, hh:mm:ss.ms, or hh:mm:ss:ff)")
+    return sign * time_arg(text, flag, fps)
+
+
 def fmt_srt_time(seconds: float) -> str:
     if seconds < 0:
         seconds = 0.0
@@ -1710,6 +1724,334 @@ def default_font_file(font_name: str) -> Optional[str]:
     return path if path and os.path.exists(path) else None
 
 
+# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- script detection
+# 1.12: non-Latin caption/overlay text used to render as tofu (empty boxes) whenever the default
+# family carried no glyphs for it -- silently, because fontconfig substitutes SOMETHING for every
+# request and ffmpeg exits 0 either way. The tools now detect the script of the text they are about
+# to draw and resolve a font file that actually covers it; nothing found is a failed job, not a
+# warning (a video full of boxes is not a delivery).
+SCRIPTS = ("ja", "zh", "ko", "ar", "he", "hi", "th", "ru", "el", "latin")
+
+LANGUAGE_NAMES = {
+    "ja": "Japanese", "zh": "Chinese", "ko": "Korean", "ar": "Arabic", "he": "Hebrew",
+    "hi": "Devanagari (Hindi/Marathi/Nepali)", "th": "Thai", "ru": "Cyrillic (Russian and others)",
+    "el": "Greek", "latin": "Latin",
+}
+
+# fontconfig's own :lang= codes for each script we detect (zh uses zh-cn, the Simplified subset
+# every CJK font that claims zh carries; the rest are the plain two-letter codes).
+FC_LANG = {"ja": "ja", "zh": "zh-cn", "ko": "ko", "ar": "ar", "he": "he", "hi": "hi", "th": "th", "ru": "ru", "el": "el"}
+
+# Families tried in order, best first. The names are matched case-insensitively against the start
+# of any family fontconfig reports for a file, so "Noto Sans CJK JP" also matches
+# "Noto Sans CJK JP Black". Anything not listed still qualifies -- it just sorts after these.
+PREFERRED_FAMILIES = {
+    "ja": ["Noto Sans CJK JP", "Noto Serif CJK JP", "Noto Sans JP", "Source Han Sans", "IPAPGothic", "IPAGothic", "IPA", "VL Gothic", "TakaoGothic", "WenQuanYi Zen Hei"],
+    "zh": ["Noto Sans CJK SC", "Noto Serif CJK SC", "Noto Sans SC", "Source Han Sans", "WenQuanYi Zen Hei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Droid Sans Fallback"],
+    "ko": ["Noto Sans CJK KR", "Noto Serif CJK KR", "Noto Sans KR", "Source Han Sans K", "NanumGothic", "Nanum Gothic", "Malgun Gothic", "WenQuanYi Zen Hei"],
+    "ar": ["Noto Sans Arabic", "Noto Naskh Arabic", "Amiri", "Scheherazade", "DejaVu Sans", "FreeSans", "FreeSerif"],
+    "he": ["Noto Sans Hebrew", "Noto Serif Hebrew", "DejaVu Sans", "FreeSans", "FreeSerif"],
+    "hi": ["Noto Sans Devanagari", "Noto Serif Devanagari", "Lohit Devanagari", "Mangal", "Nirmala UI", "Samyak Devanagari", "FreeSans", "FreeSerif"],
+    "th": ["Noto Sans Thai", "Noto Serif Thai", "Loma", "Garuda", "Waree", "Umpush", "Norasi", "Sarabun", "Leelawadee UI", "FreeSerif"],
+    "ru": ["Noto Sans", "DejaVu Sans", "Liberation Sans", "FreeSans", "FreeSerif"],
+    "el": ["Noto Sans", "DejaVu Sans", "Liberation Sans", "FreeSans", "FreeSerif"],
+}
+
+# Windows has no fontconfig: the system fonts are looked up by file name instead, best first.
+WINDOWS_FONTS = {
+    "ko": [("malgun.ttf", "Malgun Gothic"), ("gulim.ttc", "Gulim"), ("batang.ttc", "Batang")],
+    "zh": [("msyh.ttc", "Microsoft YaHei"), ("simhei.ttf", "SimHei"), ("simsun.ttc", "SimSun")],
+    "ja": [("meiryo.ttc", "Meiryo"), ("YuGothM.ttc", "Yu Gothic Medium"), ("YuGothR.ttc", "Yu Gothic"), ("msgothic.ttc", "MS Gothic")],
+    "ar": [("tahoma.ttf", "Tahoma"), ("arial.ttf", "Arial")],
+    "he": [("tahoma.ttf", "Tahoma"), ("arial.ttf", "Arial")],
+    "hi": [("mangal.ttf", "Mangal"), ("Nirmala.ttf", "Nirmala UI"), ("NirmalaB.ttf", "Nirmala UI")],
+    "th": [("leelawui.ttf", "Leelawadee UI"), ("leelawad.ttf", "Leelawadee"), ("tahoma.ttf", "Tahoma")],
+    "ru": [("arial.ttf", "Arial"), ("segoeui.ttf", "Segoe UI")],
+    "el": [("arial.ttf", "Arial"), ("segoeui.ttf", "Segoe UI")],
+}
+
+_SCRIPT_RANGES = (
+    ("ko", ((0x1100, 0x11FF), (0x3130, 0x318F), (0xA960, 0xA97F), (0xAC00, 0xD7FF))),   # Hangul syllables + Jamo
+    ("kana", ((0x3040, 0x309F), (0x30A0, 0x30FF), (0x31F0, 0x31FF), (0xFF66, 0xFF9F))),  # hiragana/katakana
+    ("han", ((0x3400, 0x4DBF), (0x4E00, 0x9FFF), (0xF900, 0xFAFF), (0x20000, 0x2A6DF))),
+    ("ar", ((0x0600, 0x06FF), (0x0750, 0x077F), (0x08A0, 0x08FF), (0xFB50, 0xFDFF), (0xFE70, 0xFEFF))),
+    ("he", ((0x0590, 0x05FF), (0xFB1D, 0xFB4F))),
+    ("hi", ((0x0900, 0x097F), (0xA8E0, 0xA8FF))),
+    ("th", ((0x0E00, 0x0E7F),)),
+    ("ru", ((0x0400, 0x04FF), (0x0500, 0x052F), (0x2DE0, 0x2DFF))),
+    ("el", ((0x0370, 0x03FF), (0x1F00, 0x1FFF))),
+)
+
+
+def char_script(ch: str) -> str:
+    """The script of one character: one of SCRIPTS, or "latin" for anything else (including
+    digits, punctuation and spaces -- they are measured and wrapped like Latin)."""
+    cp = ord(ch)
+    for name, ranges in _SCRIPT_RANGES:
+        for lo, hi in ranges:
+            if lo <= cp <= hi:
+                return "ja" if name == "kana" else ("zh" if name == "han" else name)
+    return "latin"
+
+
+def detect_script(text: str, lang: "Optional[str]" = None) -> str:
+    """Which script `text` is written in, as one of SCRIPTS.
+
+    Hangul wins for Korean, any kana makes the whole string Japanese (Japanese mixes kana and
+    Han), Han alone is Chinese. Mixed text is decided by character count: the non-Latin script
+    with the most characters wins, ties going to whichever appeared first, and text with no
+    non-Latin characters at all is "latin". `lang` (a --lang/--language hint, or brand.json's
+    `lang`) only resolves the one ambiguity the characters genuinely cannot: Han with no kana
+    is Chinese by default but Japanese (or Korean hanja) when the caller says so.
+    """
+    counts: "Dict[str, int]" = {}
+    order: "List[str]" = []
+    kana = 0
+    for ch in text or "":
+        s = char_script(ch)
+        if s == "latin":
+            continue
+        if ord(ch) in range(0x3040, 0x3100) or ord(ch) in range(0x31F0, 0x3200) or ord(ch) in range(0xFF66, 0xFFA0):
+            kana += 1
+        if s not in counts:
+            order.append(s)
+        counts[s] = counts.get(s, 0) + 1
+    if kana:  # Japanese: the Han characters in the same string are Japanese too
+        counts["ja"] = counts.pop("ja", 0) + counts.pop("zh", 0)
+        order = [s for s in order if s != "zh"]
+    if not counts:
+        return "latin"
+    best = max(counts, key=lambda s: (counts[s], -order.index(s)))
+    hint = (lang or "").strip().lower().replace("_", "-").split("-")[0]
+    if not kana and best == "zh" and hint in ("ja", "zh", "ko"):
+        return hint  # Han-only text: only the caller knows whether it is Chinese, Japanese or hanja
+    return best
+
+
+_SCRIPT_FONT_CACHE: "Dict[Tuple[str, Optional[str]], Optional[Tuple[str, str]]]" = {}
+
+
+def _fc_list_fonts(fc_lang: str) -> "Optional[List[Tuple[str, List[str]]]]":
+    """(file, families) for every font fontconfig says covers `fc_lang`.
+
+    `[]` means fontconfig answered and nothing covers the language; `None` means it could not be
+    asked at all (no `fc-list` on PATH, or it failed/timed out) -- the difference between
+    "missing" and "unknown", which the caller must not collapse: unknown is not a refusal.
+    """
+    exe = shutil.which("fc-list")
+    if not exe:
+        return None
+    try:
+        proc = subprocess.run([exe, f":lang={fc_lang}", "file", "family"],
+                              stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL, text=True, timeout=10)
+    except (subprocess.TimeoutExpired, OSError):
+        return None
+    if proc.returncode != 0:
+        return None
+    out = []
+    for line in proc.stdout.splitlines():
+        if ": " not in line:
+            continue
+        path, _, families = line.partition(": ")
+        path = path.strip()
+        if not path or not os.path.exists(path):
+            continue
+        names = [f.replace("\\-", "-").strip() for f in families.split(",") if f.strip()]
+        out.append((path, names or [Path(path).stem]))
+    return out
+
+
+def _family_rank(families: "Sequence[str]", preferred: "Sequence[str]") -> int:
+    for i, want in enumerate(preferred):
+        w = want.lower()
+        if any(f.lower().startswith(w) for f in families):
+            return i
+    return len(preferred)
+
+
+def _script_font_entry(script: str, family_hint: "Optional[str]" = None) -> "Optional[Tuple[str, str]]":
+    key = (script, family_hint)
+    if key in _SCRIPT_FONT_CACHE:
+        return _SCRIPT_FONT_CACHE[key]
+    _SCRIPT_FONT_CACHE[key] = result = _script_font_uncached(script, family_hint)
+    return result
+
+
+FC_UNKNOWN = "unknown"  # sentinel: fontconfig could not be asked (absent or failing), not "no font"
+
+
+def _script_font_uncached(script: str, family_hint: "Optional[str]" = None):
+    """(file, family), None when nothing covers `script`, or FC_UNKNOWN when it cannot be asked."""
+    if script not in FC_LANG:
+        return None
+    if platform.system() == "Windows":
+        fonts = Path(os.environ.get("WINDIR", "C:\\Windows")) / "Fonts"
+        for name, family in WINDOWS_FONTS.get(script, []):
+            if (fonts / name).exists():
+                return str(fonts / name), family
+        return None
+    preferred = list(PREFERRED_FAMILIES.get(script, []))
+    if family_hint:
+        preferred.insert(0, family_hint)
+    candidates = _fc_list_fonts(FC_LANG[script])
+    if candidates is None:
+        return FC_UNKNOWN
+    if not candidates:
+        return None
+    scored = []
+    for path, families in candidates:
+        joined = " ".join(families).lower()
+        stem = Path(path).stem.lower()
+        # "Unifont Sample" is fontconfig's tofu-with-hex-digits fallback: it "covers" every script
+        # by drawing the code point, which is exactly the unreadable result this feature exists to
+        # avoid -- it is only ever chosen when nothing else covers the script at all. A *Mono* face
+        # is legible but wrong for a caption band, so it sorts after every proportional one.
+        last_resort = 1 if "unifont" in joined else 0
+        mono = 1 if "mono" in joined else 0
+        # regular weights before Bold/Italic/Oblique cuts, so a default caption is not bold by accident
+        styled = 1 if any(k in stem for k in ("bold", "italic", "oblique", "light", "thin", "black")) else 0
+        scored.append((last_resort, _family_rank(families, preferred), mono, styled, path, families[0]))
+    scored.sort(key=lambda row: (row[0], row[1], row[2], row[3], row[4]))
+    best = scored[0]
+    return best[4], best[5]
+
+
+def font_for_script(script: str, family_hint: "Optional[str]" = None) -> "Optional[str]":
+    """A font FILE path that covers `script`, or None when this machine has none.
+
+    Linux/macOS ask fontconfig (`fc-list :lang=xx file family`) and rank what it reports by the
+    PREFERRED_FAMILIES table; Windows has no fontconfig, so the known system files are probed by
+    name. Cached per process: a caption job resolves the same script for every cue.
+    """
+    entry = _script_font_entry(script, family_hint)
+    return entry[0] if entry and entry is not FC_UNKNOWN else None
+
+
+def font_family_for_script(script: str, family_hint: "Optional[str]" = None) -> "Optional[str]":
+    """The family NAME of font_for_script()'s file -- what libass wants in an ASS Fontname."""
+    entry = _script_font_entry(script, family_hint)
+    return entry[1] if entry and entry is not FC_UNKNOWN else None
+
+
+def script_font_status(script: str) -> str:
+    """"available" (a font file covers `script`), "missing" (fontconfig answered, none does) or
+    "unknown" (there is no working fontconfig to ask). Only "missing" is a refusal."""
+    entry = _script_font_entry(script)
+    if entry is FC_UNKNOWN:
+        return "unknown"
+    return "available" if entry else "missing"
+
+
+def font_covers_script(font_name: str, script: str) -> bool:
+    """Whether the installed family `font_name` actually carries glyphs for `script`.
+
+    `fc-match` cannot answer this: given a family that IS installed it returns that family
+    whatever `:lang=` asks for (verified -- `fc-match "DejaVu Sans:lang=zh-cn"` answers
+    "DejaVu Sans", which has no Han glyphs at all). `fc-list :lang=xx:family=<name>` does: it
+    lists only files that satisfy BOTH, so an empty listing is the proof of no coverage. Unknown
+    (no fontconfig at all) counts as covering: a warning nobody can verify is worse than none.
+    """
+    if script not in FC_LANG or not font_name:
+        return True
+    exe = shutil.which("fc-list")
+    if not exe:
+        return True
+    try:
+        proc = subprocess.run([exe, f":lang={FC_LANG[script]}:family={font_name}", "file"],
+                              stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL, text=True, timeout=10)
+    except (subprocess.TimeoutExpired, OSError):
+        return True
+    if proc.returncode != 0:
+        return True
+    return bool(proc.stdout.strip())
+
+
+# Named flags differ per tool: overlay.py and graphics.py take a font FILE, caption.py takes a
+# directory of faces plus the family name -- naming a flag the tool does not have is worse than
+# naming none, so the hint says both (review 10).
+FONT_FLAG_HINT = "pass a font file (--font-file on overlay.py/graphics.py, --fonts-dir with --font on caption.py)"
+FONT_INSTALL_HINT = ("install fonts-noto-cjk / fonts-noto-core (apt), "
+                     "brew install --cask font-noto-sans-cjk / font-noto-sans-arabic (mac), or "
+                     + FONT_FLAG_HINT)
+
+
+def fonts_dir_covers_script(fonts_dir: str, script: str) -> "Optional[bool]":
+    """Does any font under `fonts_dir` cover `script`? None when it cannot be checked.
+
+    `--fonts-dir` says "also look here", not "this exact face", so it must not switch the
+    coverage guarantee off. fontconfig's `fc-scan` reads the files directly (no cache, no
+    installed-font database), which is exactly the question: `%{lang}` lists the languages each
+    face claims.
+    """
+    if script not in FC_LANG or not fonts_dir or not os.path.isdir(fonts_dir):
+        return None
+    exe = shutil.which("fc-scan")
+    if not exe:
+        return None
+    try:
+        proc = subprocess.run([exe, "--format", "%{lang}\n", fonts_dir],
+                              stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL, text=True, timeout=10)
+    except (subprocess.TimeoutExpired, OSError):
+        return None
+    if proc.returncode != 0:
+        return None
+    want = FC_LANG[script].lower()
+    for line in proc.stdout.splitlines():
+        if want in [tag.strip().lower() for tag in line.split("|")]:
+            return True
+    return False
+
+
+def script_font_for_text(text: str, *, lang: "Optional[str]" = None, font: "Optional[str]" = None,
+                         font_explicit: bool = False, font_file: "Optional[str]" = None,
+                         fonts_dir: "Optional[str]" = None
+                         ) -> "Tuple[str, Optional[str], Optional[str]]":
+    """(script, font file, family) to draw `text` with, resolving by script when nothing explicit
+    was asked for.
+
+    Returns (script, None, None) when the caller's own choice stands: Latin text, an explicit
+    --font-file, an explicit --font (which is kept even when fontconfig says it does not cover
+    the script -- with one info line saying so, because overriding a user's stated font silently
+    is worse than a warning), or a --fonts-dir that does carry the script. Otherwise the resolved
+    file is returned with ONE info line naming it.
+
+    A script fontconfig says nothing covers is a failed job (tofu is not a delivery). A machine
+    with no working fontconfig at all answers "unknown", not "missing": the job continues with
+    the caller's font -- libass and drawtext still have their own font backends -- and one info
+    line says the coverage could not be verified.
+    """
+    script = detect_script(text or "", lang)
+    if script == "latin":
+        return script, None, None
+    if font_file:
+        return script, None, None
+    if font_explicit and font:
+        if not font_covers_script(font, script):
+            info(f"font: '{font}' does not cover {LANGUAGE_NAMES[script]} text on this machine; keeping it as asked "
+                 f"(drop --font, or {FONT_FLAG_HINT}, to pick one by script automatically)")
+        return script, None, None
+    if fonts_dir:
+        covered = fonts_dir_covers_script(fonts_dir, script)
+        if covered:
+            return script, None, None
+        if covered is None:
+            info(f"font: could not verify that {fonts_dir} covers {LANGUAGE_NAMES[script]} text "
+                 "(no fc-scan on this machine); using it as given")
+            return script, None, None
+        info(f"font: no face in {fonts_dir} covers {LANGUAGE_NAMES[script]} text; "
+             "picking one by script instead (the directory is still searched first)")
+    entry = _script_font_entry(script)
+    if entry is FC_UNKNOWN:
+        info(f"font: could not verify that this machine can render {LANGUAGE_NAMES[script]} text "
+             "(no working fontconfig); rendering with the font as given -- "
+             "doctor --json .fonts.scripts reports what is known")
+        return script, None, None
+    if not entry:
+        die(f"no installed font covers {LANGUAGE_NAMES[script]} text on this machine — {FONT_INSTALL_HINT}", kind="input")
+    info(f"font: {entry[0]} (covers {script})")
+    return script, entry[0], entry[1]
+
+
 def escape_drawtext(text: str) -> str:
     """Escape `text` for use as a single-quoted drawtext option value (`text='<this>'`).
 
@@ -2044,6 +2386,11 @@ BRAND_DEFAULTS: Dict[str, Any] = {
     "logo_opacity": 0.9,
     "safe_margin": 48,
     "caption": {"size": 26, "position": "bottom", "animate": "pop", "karaoke": False, "bold": True, "outline": 2},
+    # 1.12: one place for the caption look every project shares. `styles.caption` is the documented
+    # spelling (`{font, size, colour, box, position}`, British or American "colour"); the older
+    # top-level `caption` block still works and `styles.caption` wins where both name the same key.
+    "styles": {},
+    "lang": None,
     "loudness": {"lufs": -14, "tp": -1},
 }
 
@@ -2052,6 +2399,7 @@ def load_brand(path: Optional[str]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
     """Load brand.json (fonts, colours, logo, safe margins, caption defaults); missing keys fall back to defaults."""
     import copy
     brand = copy.deepcopy(BRAND_DEFAULTS)
+    brand["_stated"] = {}
     if not path:
         return brand
     if not os.path.exists(path):
@@ -2070,9 +2418,39 @@ def load_brand(path: Optional[str]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
         if brand.get(key) and not os.path.isabs(brand[key]):
             brand[key] = str(base / brand[key])
     brand["_path"] = str(path)
+    # What the FILE said, separate from BRAND_DEFAULTS' filler: a brand.json that never mentions
+    # a font must not read as "the caller chose a font" (which would switch font-by-script off).
+    brand["_stated"] = data
     return brand
 
 
+
+def brand_states_font(brand: Dict[str, Any]) -> bool:
+    """Did the brand FILE actually name a font (top-level `font`, `caption.font` or
+    `styles.caption.font`)? BRAND_DEFAULTS always supplies one, so the merged document can never
+    answer this -- and treating the default filler as the caller's choice switched font-by-script
+    off for every branded job (review 10)."""
+    stated = brand.get("_stated") or {}
+    if stated.get("font"):
+        return True
+    for block in (stated.get("caption"), (stated.get("styles") or {}).get("caption")):
+        if isinstance(block, dict) and block.get("font"):
+            return True
+    return False
+
+
+def brand_caption_style(brand: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """The effective caption style of a brand file: the top-level `caption` block updated with
+    `styles.caption`, with `colour` normalised to `color`. Explicit flags still beat both."""
+    style: Dict[str, Any] = dict(brand.get("caption") or {})
+    extra = (brand.get("styles") or {}).get("caption") or {}
+    style.update(extra)
+    if "colour" in style and "color" not in style:
+        style["color"] = style.pop("colour")
+    style.pop("colour", None)
+    return style
+
+
 def color_hex(value: str) -> str:
     """Normalise '#ffd200' / 'ffd200' / '0xFFD200' to 'FFD200'."""
     v = str(value).strip().lstrip("#")

package/scripts/_contract.py

@@ -765,9 +765,53 @@ def doctor() -> Dict[str, Any]:
 
 
 def _fonts_capability() -> Dict[str, Any]:
+    """The default drawtext family (issue #66) plus, since 1.12, one entry per script the tools
+    can detect: which languages this machine can actually RENDER, not just which filters exist.
+
+    Per script: available (a font file covers it, path in `file`), missing (fontconfig knows none),
+    unknown (no fontconfig to ask -- the same "unknown is not missing" rule every other capability
+    here follows). Informational like the default font and gpu_encoders: a machine with no Thai
+    font is not a broken install, it is a machine that must not be asked to burn Thai captions.
+    """
+    from _common import SCRIPTS, font_for_script, script_font_status
+
     font = _default_font()
     result = _font_available(font)
-    return {"default_font": font, "status": result["status"], "detail": result["detail"]}
+    scripts: Dict[str, Any] = {}
+    for script in SCRIPTS:
+        if script == "latin":
+            continue
+        # script_font_status() is the one place that tells "fontconfig answered, nothing covers
+        # this" (missing) apart from "there is no working fontconfig to ask" (unknown) -- the same
+        # distinction the tools refuse or continue on.
+        status = script_font_status(script)
+        scripts[script] = {"status": status, "file": font_for_script(script) if status == "available" else None}
+    return {"default_font": font, "status": result["status"], "detail": result["detail"], "scripts": scripts}
+
+
+def _fonts_summary_line(fonts: Dict[str, Any]) -> str:
+    """One line for the plain-text doctor: which scripts render here, which do not."""
+    scripts = fonts.get("scripts") or {}
+    by_state: Dict[str, List[str]] = {"available": [], "missing": [], "unknown": []}
+    for name, entry in scripts.items():
+        by_state.setdefault(entry["status"], []).append(name)
+    # the default font's `detail` (which family fontconfig substituted, or why it is unknown) is
+    # the actionable half of a non-available status, and the line has room for it
+    head = f"fonts: '{fonts['default_font']}' {fonts['status']}"
+    detail = fonts.get("detail") or ""
+    # The substituted family is the actionable half of a non-available status, so it goes on the
+    # plain line -- but only while it stays short enough to keep doctor's one-line-per-capability
+    # shape (the longest other line is ~85 chars). A long explanation is --json only.
+    if detail and fonts["status"] != "available" and len(detail) <= 60:
+        head += f" ({detail})"
+    parts = [head]
+    if by_state["available"]:
+        parts.append("renders " + " ".join(by_state["available"]))
+    if by_state["missing"]:
+        parts.append("no font for " + " ".join(by_state["missing"]))
+    if by_state["unknown"]:
+        parts.append("unknown (no fontconfig) " + " ".join(by_state["unknown"]))
+    return "; ".join(parts)
 
 
 def _capability_fix_hint(cap: str) -> str:
@@ -795,6 +839,11 @@ def _capability_fix_hint(cap: str) -> str:
         return f"this ffmpeg build has no {cap[7:]} filter; {full_hint}"
     if cap.startswith("bsf:"):
         return f"this ffmpeg build has no {cap[4:]} bitstream filter; {full_hint}"
+    if cap.startswith("font:"):
+        from _common import LANGUAGE_NAMES, FONT_INSTALL_HINT
+        script = cap[5:]
+        return (f"no installed font covers {LANGUAGE_NAMES.get(script, script)} text on this machine; "
+                f"{FONT_INSTALL_HINT} (doctor --json .fonts.scripts lists every script)")
     if cap == "external:whisper":
         return "install a local whisper (whisper-cli, whisper-cpp, faster-whisper or openai-whisper) for --transcribe"
     return f"'{cap}' is not available; see docs/contract.md"
@@ -1152,9 +1201,7 @@ def main() -> int:
             gpu = d["gpu_encoders"]
             if gpu["status"] == "parsed":
                 print(f"GPU-backed encoders in this build: {len(gpu['present'])} (no tool here uses one; names in doctor --json)")
-            fonts = d["fonts"]
-            print(f"default drawtext font '{fonts['default_font']}': {fonts['status']}"
-                  + (f" ({fonts['detail']})" if fonts["status"] != "available" else ""))
+            print(_fonts_summary_line(d["fonts"]))
             print("full detail: doctor --json (capability lists, per-tool `usable`, fix hints)")
             for err in d["errors"]:
                 print(f"detection error: {err}", file=sys.stderr)