eyeling 1.5.34 → 1.5.36

package/examples/json-pointer.n3

@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
+# =================================================
+# JSON Pointer example
+# See https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6901
+# =================================================
+
 @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
 @prefix string: <http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/string#> .
 @prefix list:   <http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/list#> .

package/examples/json-reconcile-vat.n3

@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
+# =================================================
+# Rconcile VAT JSON Pointer example
+# See https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6901
+# =================================================
+
 @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
 @prefix string: <http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/string#> .
 @prefix list:   <http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/list#> .

package/examples/output/rdf-list.n3

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+@prefix : <http://example.org/ns#> .
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Proof for derived triple:
+#   :result :is true .
+# It holds because the following instance of the rule body is provable:
+#   :X :val (1 2) .
+#   (1 2) :head 1 .
+#   (1 2) :tail (2) .
+#   1 log:equalTo 1 .
+#   (2) log:equalTo (2) .
+# via the schematic forward rule:
+#   {
+#     ?X :val ?Y .
+#     ?Y :head ?H .
+#     ?Y :tail ?T .
+#     ?H log:equalTo 1 .
+#     ?T log:equalTo (2) .
+#   } => {
+#     :result :is true .
+#   } .
+# with substitution (on rule variables):
+#   ?H = 1
+#   ?T = (2)
+#   ?X = :X
+#   ?Y = (1 2)
+# Therefore the derived triple above is entailed by the rules and facts.
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+:result :is true .
+

package/examples/rdf-list.n3

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# =================================
+# RDF list
+# Example from Patrick Hochstenbach
+# =================================
+
+@prefix log: <http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/log#> .
+@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
+@prefix : <http://example.org/ns#> .
+
+:X :val (1 2).
+
+{ ?X :head ?Y } <= { ?X rdf:first ?Y }.
+{ ?X :tail ?Y } <= { ?X rdf:rest ?Y} .
+
+{ 
+  ?X :val ?Y.
+  ?Y :head ?H .
+  ?Y :tail ?T .
+
+  ?H log:equalTo 1.
+  ?T log:equalTo (2).
+}
+=>
+{
+  :result :is true.
+}.

package/eyeling.js

@@ -2951,6 +2951,40 @@ function evalBuiltin(goal, subst, facts, backRules, depth, varGen) {
     return [];
   }
 
+  // rdf:first (alias of list:first)
+  // Schema: $s+ rdf:first $o-
+  if (g.p instanceof Iri && g.p.value === RDF_NS + "first") {
+    if (!(g.s instanceof ListTerm)) return [];
+    if (!g.s.elems.length) return [];
+    const first = g.s.elems[0];
+    const s2 = unifyTerm(g.o, first, subst);
+    return s2 !== null ? [s2] : [];
+  }
+
+  // rdf:rest (alias of list:rest)
+  // Schema: $s+ rdf:rest $o-
+  if (g.p instanceof Iri && g.p.value === RDF_NS + "rest") {
+    // Closed list: (a b c) -> (b c)
+    if (g.s instanceof ListTerm) {
+      if (!g.s.elems.length) return [];
+      const rest = new ListTerm(g.s.elems.slice(1));
+      const s2 = unifyTerm(g.o, rest, subst);
+      return s2 !== null ? [s2] : [];
+    }
+    // Open list: (a b ... ?T) -> (b ... ?T)
+    if (g.s instanceof OpenListTerm) {
+      if (!g.s.prefix.length) return [];
+      if (g.s.prefix.length === 1) {
+        const s2 = unifyTerm(g.o, new Var(g.s.tailVar), subst);
+        return s2 !== null ? [s2] : [];
+      }
+      const rest = new OpenListTerm(g.s.prefix.slice(1), g.s.tailVar);
+      const s2 = unifyTerm(g.o, rest, subst);
+      return s2 !== null ? [s2] : [];
+    }
+    return [];
+  }
+
   // list:iterate
   // true iff $s is a list and $o is a list (index value),
   // where index is a valid 0-based index into $s and value is the element at that index.
@@ -3658,6 +3692,12 @@ function evalBuiltin(goal, subst, facts, backRules, depth, varGen) {
 function isBuiltinPred(p) {
   if (!(p instanceof Iri)) return false;
   const v = p.value;
+
+  // Treat RDF Collections as list-term builtins too.
+  if (v === RDF_NS + "first" || v === RDF_NS + "rest") {
+    return true;
+  }
+
   return (
     v.startsWith(CRYPTO_NS) ||
     v.startsWith(MATH_NS)   ||
@@ -4278,6 +4318,135 @@ function printExplanation(df, prefixes) {
 // Misc helpers
 // ============================================================================
 
+// Turn RDF Collections described with rdf:first/rdf:rest (+ rdf:nil) into ListTerm terms.
+// This mutates triples/rules in-place so list:* builtins work on RDF-serialized lists too.
+function materializeRdfLists(triples, forwardRules, backwardRules) {
+  const RDF_FIRST = RDF_NS + "first";
+  const RDF_REST  = RDF_NS + "rest";
+  const RDF_NIL   = RDF_NS + "nil";
+
+  function nodeKey(t) {
+    if (t instanceof Blank) return "B:" + t.label;
+    if (t instanceof Iri) return "I:" + t.value;
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  // Collect first/rest arcs from *input triples*
+  const firstMap = new Map(); // key(subject) -> Term (object)
+  const restMap  = new Map(); // key(subject) -> Term (object)
+  for (const tr of triples) {
+    if (!(tr.p instanceof Iri)) continue;
+    const k = nodeKey(tr.s);
+    if (!k) continue;
+    if (tr.p.value === RDF_FIRST) firstMap.set(k, tr.o);
+    else if (tr.p.value === RDF_REST) restMap.set(k, tr.o);
+  }
+  if (!firstMap.size && !restMap.size) return;
+
+  const cache = new Map();     // key(node) -> ListTerm
+  const visiting = new Set();  // cycle guard
+
+  function buildListForKey(k) {
+    if (cache.has(k)) return cache.get(k);
+    if (visiting.has(k)) return null; // cycle => not a well-formed list
+    visiting.add(k);
+
+    // rdf:nil => ()
+    if (k === "I:" + RDF_NIL) {
+      const empty = new ListTerm([]);
+      cache.set(k, empty);
+      visiting.delete(k);
+      return empty;
+    }
+
+    const head = firstMap.get(k);
+    const tail = restMap.get(k);
+    if (head === undefined || tail === undefined) {
+      visiting.delete(k);
+      return null; // not a full cons cell
+    }
+
+    const headTerm = rewriteTerm(head);
+
+    let tailListElems = null;
+    if (tail instanceof Iri && tail.value === RDF_NIL) {
+      tailListElems = [];
+    } else {
+      const tk = nodeKey(tail);
+      if (!tk) {
+        visiting.delete(k);
+        return null;
+      }
+      const tailList = buildListForKey(tk);
+      if (!tailList) {
+        visiting.delete(k);
+        return null;
+      }
+      tailListElems = tailList.elems;
+    }
+
+    const out = new ListTerm([headTerm, ...tailListElems]);
+    cache.set(k, out);
+    visiting.delete(k);
+    return out;
+  }
+
+  function rewriteTerm(t) {
+    // Replace list nodes (Blank/Iri) by their constructed ListTerm when possible
+    const k = nodeKey(t);
+    if (k) {
+      const built = buildListForKey(k);
+      if (built) return built;
+      // Also rewrite rdf:nil even if not otherwise referenced
+      if (t instanceof Iri && t.value === RDF_NIL) return new ListTerm([]);
+      return t;
+    }
+    if (t instanceof ListTerm) {
+      let changed = false;
+      const elems = t.elems.map(e => {
+        const r = rewriteTerm(e);
+        if (r !== e) changed = true;
+        return r;
+      });
+      return changed ? new ListTerm(elems) : t;
+    }
+    if (t instanceof OpenListTerm) {
+      let changed = false;
+      const prefix = t.prefix.map(e => {
+        const r = rewriteTerm(e);
+        if (r !== e) changed = true;
+        return r;
+      });
+      return changed ? new OpenListTerm(prefix, t.tailVar) : t;
+    }
+    if (t instanceof FormulaTerm) {
+      for (const tr of t.triples) rewriteTriple(tr);
+      return t;
+    }
+    return t;
+  }
+
+  function rewriteTriple(tr) {
+    tr.s = rewriteTerm(tr.s);
+    tr.p = rewriteTerm(tr.p);
+    tr.o = rewriteTerm(tr.o);
+  }
+
+  // Pre-build all reachable list heads
+  for (const k of firstMap.keys()) buildListForKey(k);
+
+  // Rewrite input triples + rules in-place
+  for (const tr of triples) rewriteTriple(tr);
+  for (const r of forwardRules) {
+    for (const tr of r.premise) rewriteTriple(tr);
+    for (const tr of r.conclusion) rewriteTriple(tr);
+  }
+  for (const r of backwardRules) {
+    for (const tr of r.premise) rewriteTriple(tr);
+    for (const tr of r.conclusion) rewriteTriple(tr);
+  }
+}
+
 function localIsoDateTimeString(d) {
   function pad(n, width = 2) {
     return String(n).padStart(width, "0");
@@ -4365,6 +4534,9 @@ function main() {
   const [prefixes, triples, frules, brules] = parser.parseDocument();
   // console.log(JSON.stringify([prefixes, triples, frules, brules], null, 2));
 
+  // Build internal ListTerm values from rdf:first/rdf:rest (+ rdf:nil) input triples
+  materializeRdfLists(triples, frules, brules);
+
   const facts = triples.filter(tr => isGroundTriple(tr));
   const derived = forwardChain(facts, frules, brules);
 

package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "eyeling",
-  "version": "1.5.34",
+  "version": "1.5.36",
   "description": "A minimal Notation3 (N3) reasoner in JavaScript.",
   "main": "./index.js",
   "keywords": [

package/test/api.test.js

@@ -672,6 +672,36 @@ ${U('a')} <-${U('p')} ${U('b')}.`,
       new RegExp(`_:b2\\s+<${EX}q>\\s+<${EX}joe>\\s*\\.`),
     ],
   },
+
+  { name: '48 rdf:first: works on list terms (alias of list:first)',
+    opt: { proofComments: false }, input: ` { ( ${U('a')} ${U('b')} ${U('c')} ) rdf:first ?x. } => { ${U('s')} ${U('first')} ?x. }.
+`,
+    expect: [new RegExp(`${EX}s>\\s+<${EX}first>\\s+<${EX}a>\\s*\\.`)],
+  },
+
+  { name: '49 rdf:rest: works on list terms (alias of list:rest)',
+    opt: { proofComments: false }, input: ` { ( ${U('a')} ${U('b')} ${U('c')} ) rdf:rest ?r. ?r rdf:first ?y. } => { ${U('s')} ${U('second')} ?y. }.
+`,
+    expect: [new RegExp(`${EX}s>\\s+<${EX}second>\\s+<${EX}b>\\s*\\.`)],
+  },
+
+  { name: '50 rdf collection materialization: rdf:first/rdf:rest triples become list terms',
+    opt: { proofComments: false }, input: ` ${U('s')} ${U('p')} _:l1.
+_:l1 rdf:first ${U('a')}.
+_:l1 rdf:rest _:l2.
+_:l2 rdf:first ${U('b')}.
+_:l2 rdf:rest rdf:nil.
+
+{ ${U('s')} ${U('p')} ?lst. ?lst rdf:first ?x. } => { ${U('s')} ${U('q')} ?x. }.
+{ ${U('s')} ${U('p')} ?lst. ?lst rdf:rest ?r. ?r rdf:first ?y. } => { ${U('s')} ${U('q2')} ?y. }.
+{ ${U('s')} ${U('p')} ?lst. ?lst list:rest ?r. ?r list:first ?y. } => { ${U('s')} ${U('q3')} ?y. }.
+`,
+    expect: [
+      new RegExp(`${EX}s>\\s+<${EX}q>\\s+<${EX}a>\\s*\\.`),
+      new RegExp(`${EX}s>\\s+<${EX}q2>\\s+<${EX}b>\\s*\\.`),
+      new RegExp(`${EX}s>\\s+<${EX}q3>\\s+<${EX}b>\\s*\\.`),
+    ],
+  },
 ];
 
 let passed = 0;