eyeling 1.22.7 → 1.22.9

package/dist/browser/eyeling.browser.js

@@ -511,6 +511,7 @@
       internLiteral,
       PrefixEnv,
       literalParts,
+      copyQuotedGraphMetadata,
     } = require('./prelude');
 
     const { decodeN3StringEscapes } = require('./lexer');
@@ -813,8 +814,9 @@
       for (const tr of triples) __builtinCollectVarsInTriple(tr, out);
     }
 
-    function __existentializeBlankTerm(t, mapping, varGen) {
+    function __existentializeBlankTerm(t, mapping, varGen, localBlankLabels) {
       if (t instanceof Blank) {
+        if (localBlankLabels instanceof Set && !localBlankLabels.has(t.label)) return t;
         let v = mapping[t.label];
         if (v === undefined) {
           const n =
@@ -827,34 +829,48 @@
       if (t instanceof ListTerm) return t;
       if (t instanceof OpenListTerm) return t;
       if (t instanceof GraphTerm) {
+        const nestedLocalBlankLabels =
+          Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(t, '__quotedLocalBlankLabels') &&
+          t.__quotedLocalBlankLabels instanceof Set
+            ? t.__quotedLocalBlankLabels
+            : localBlankLabels;
         let changed = false;
         const triples = t.triples.map((tr) => {
-          const s2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.s, mapping, varGen);
-          const p2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.p, mapping, varGen);
-          const o2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.o, mapping, varGen);
+          const s2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.s, mapping, varGen, nestedLocalBlankLabels);
+          const p2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.p, mapping, varGen, nestedLocalBlankLabels);
+          const o2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.o, mapping, varGen, nestedLocalBlankLabels);
           if (s2 !== tr.s || p2 !== tr.p || o2 !== tr.o) changed = true;
           return s2 === tr.s && p2 === tr.p && o2 === tr.o ? tr : new Triple(s2, p2, o2);
         });
-        return changed ? new GraphTerm(triples) : t;
+        return changed ? copyQuotedGraphMetadata(t, new GraphTerm(triples)) : t;
       }
       return t;
     }
 
-    function __existentializeBlankTriples(triples, varGen) {
+    function __existentializeBlankTriples(rawGraphOrTriples, varGen) {
+      const triples =
+        rawGraphOrTriples instanceof GraphTerm ? Array.from(rawGraphOrTriples.triples) : Array.from(rawGraphOrTriples);
+      const localBlankLabels =
+        rawGraphOrTriples instanceof GraphTerm &&
+        Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(rawGraphOrTriples, '__quotedLocalBlankLabels') &&
+        rawGraphOrTriples.__quotedLocalBlankLabels instanceof Set
+          ? rawGraphOrTriples.__quotedLocalBlankLabels
+          : null;
+
       const mapping = Object.create(null);
       let changed = false;
       const out = triples.map((tr) => {
-        const s2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.s, mapping, varGen);
-        const p2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.p, mapping, varGen);
-        const o2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.o, mapping, varGen);
+        const s2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.s, mapping, varGen, localBlankLabels);
+        const p2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.p, mapping, varGen, localBlankLabels);
+        const o2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.o, mapping, varGen, localBlankLabels);
         if (s2 !== tr.s || p2 !== tr.p || o2 !== tr.o) changed = true;
         return s2 === tr.s && p2 === tr.p && o2 === tr.o ? tr : new Triple(s2, p2, o2);
       });
       return changed ? out : triples;
     }
 
-    function __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawTriples, subst, varGen) {
-      const ex = __existentializeBlankTriples(Array.from(rawTriples), varGen);
+    function __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawGraphOrTriples, subst, varGen) {
+      const ex = __existentializeBlankTriples(rawGraphOrTriples, varGen);
       let changed = false;
       const out = ex.map((tr) => {
         const tr2 = applySubstTriple(tr, subst);
@@ -4126,7 +4142,7 @@
         const keepVars = new Set();
         if (g.s instanceof GraphTerm) __builtinCollectVarsInTriples(g.s.triples, keepVars);
 
-        const goalTriples = __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(goal.o.triples, subst, varGen);
+        const goalTriples = __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(goal.o, subst, varGen);
         const goalVariants = __expandScopedVarPredicateGoals(goalTriples);
         const out = [];
         for (const variant of goalVariants) {
@@ -4209,7 +4225,7 @@
 
         const visited2 = [];
         const sols = proveGoals(
-          __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(goal.o.triples, subst, varGen),
+          __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(goal.o, subst, varGen),
           { ...subst },
           scopeFacts,
           scopeBackRules,
@@ -4306,8 +4322,8 @@
         const rawClauseTerm = goal.s instanceof ListTerm ? goal.s.elems[1] : clauseTerm;
         const clauseGoals =
           rawClauseTerm instanceof GraphTerm
-            ? __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawClauseTerm.triples, subst, varGen)
-            : __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(clauseTerm.triples, subst, varGen);
+            ? __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawClauseTerm, subst, varGen)
+            : __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(clauseTerm, subst, varGen);
         const sols = proveGoals(clauseGoals, {}, scopeFacts, scopeBackRules, depth + 1, visited2, varGen);
 
         const collected = sols.map((sBody) => applySubstTerm(valueTempl, sBody));
@@ -4365,12 +4381,12 @@
         const rawThenClause = goal.s instanceof ListTerm ? goal.s.elems[1] : thenClause;
         const whereGoals =
           rawWhereClause instanceof GraphTerm
-            ? __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawWhereClause.triples, subst, varGen)
-            : __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(whereClause.triples, subst, varGen);
+            ? __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawWhereClause, subst, varGen)
+            : __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(whereClause, subst, varGen);
         const thenGoals =
           rawThenClause instanceof GraphTerm
-            ? __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawThenClause.triples, subst, varGen)
-            : __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(thenClause.triples, subst, varGen);
+            ? __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawThenClause, subst, varGen)
+            : __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(thenClause, subst, varGen);
 
         const visited1 = [];
         const sols1 = proveGoals(whereGoals, {}, scopeFacts, scopeBackRules, depth + 1, visited1, varGen);
@@ -4777,7 +4793,7 @@
             if (s2 !== tr.s || p2 !== tr.p || o2 !== tr.o) changed = true;
             return s2 === tr.s && p2 === tr.p && o2 === tr.o ? tr : new Triple(s2, p2, o2);
           });
-          return changed ? new GraphTerm(triples2) : t;
+          return changed ? copyQuotedGraphMetadata(t, new GraphTerm(triples2)) : t;
         }
         return t;
       }
@@ -4835,7 +4851,7 @@
             if (s2 !== tr.s || p2 !== tr.p || o2 !== tr.o) changed = true;
             return s2 === tr.s && p2 === tr.p && o2 === tr.o ? tr : new Triple(s2, p2, o2);
           });
-          return changed ? new GraphTerm(triples2) : t;
+          return changed ? copyQuotedGraphMetadata(t, new GraphTerm(triples2)) : t;
         }
         return t;
       }
@@ -5839,6 +5855,7 @@
       DerivedFact,
       internIri,
       collectBlankLabelsInTriples,
+      copyQuotedGraphMetadata,
     } = require('./prelude');
 
     // In N3/Turtle, rdf:nil is the canonical IRI for the empty RDF list.
@@ -6660,14 +6677,44 @@
       }
     }
 
-    function collectProtectedNamesFromSubst(subst) {
+    function collectProtectedNamesFromTermViaSubst(term, subst, protectedVars, protectedBlanks, seenVarNames) {
+      if (term instanceof Var) {
+        if (!subst || !Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(subst, term.name)) return;
+        if (seenVarNames.has(term.name)) return;
+        seenVarNames.add(term.name);
+        collectProtectedNamesInTerm(subst[term.name], protectedVars, protectedBlanks);
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (term instanceof ListTerm) {
+        for (const e of term.elems)
+          collectProtectedNamesFromTermViaSubst(e, subst, protectedVars, protectedBlanks, seenVarNames);
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (term instanceof OpenListTerm) {
+        for (const e of term.prefix)
+          collectProtectedNamesFromTermViaSubst(e, subst, protectedVars, protectedBlanks, seenVarNames);
+        if (subst && Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(subst, term.tailVar) && !seenVarNames.has(term.tailVar)) {
+          seenVarNames.add(term.tailVar);
+          collectProtectedNamesInTerm(subst[term.tailVar], protectedVars, protectedBlanks);
+        }
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (term instanceof GraphTerm) {
+        for (const tr of term.triples) {
+          collectProtectedNamesFromTermViaSubst(tr.s, subst, protectedVars, protectedBlanks, seenVarNames);
+          collectProtectedNamesFromTermViaSubst(tr.p, subst, protectedVars, protectedBlanks, seenVarNames);
+          collectProtectedNamesFromTermViaSubst(tr.o, subst, protectedVars, protectedBlanks, seenVarNames);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    function collectProtectedNamesForTerm(term, subst) {
       const protectedVars = new Set();
       const protectedBlanks = new Set();
-      if (!subst) return { protectedVars, protectedBlanks };
-      for (const k in subst) {
-        if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(subst, k)) continue;
-        collectProtectedNamesInTerm(subst[k], protectedVars, protectedBlanks);
-      }
+      collectProtectedNamesFromTermViaSubst(term, subst, protectedVars, protectedBlanks, new Set());
       return { protectedVars, protectedBlanks };
     }
 
@@ -7547,7 +7594,7 @@
             out.push(v);
           }
         }
-        return out ? new GraphTerm(out) : t;
+        return out ? copyQuotedGraphMetadata(t, new GraphTerm(out)) : t;
       }
 
       return t;
@@ -7629,6 +7676,9 @@
     }
 
     function unifyTermWithOptions(a, b, subst, opts) {
+      const aRaw = a;
+      const bRaw = b;
+
       a = applySubstTerm(a, subst);
       b = applySubstTerm(b, subst);
 
@@ -7736,13 +7786,14 @@
 
       // Graphs
       if (a instanceof GraphTerm && b instanceof GraphTerm) {
-        const protectedNames = collectProtectedNamesFromSubst(subst);
+        const protectedNamesA = collectProtectedNamesForTerm(aRaw, subst);
+        const protectedNamesB = collectProtectedNamesForTerm(bRaw, subst);
         if (
           alphaEqGraphTriples(a.triples, b.triples, {
-            protectedVarsA: protectedNames.protectedVars,
-            protectedVarsB: protectedNames.protectedVars,
-            protectedBlanksA: protectedNames.protectedBlanks,
-            protectedBlanksB: protectedNames.protectedBlanks,
+            protectedVarsA: protectedNamesA.protectedVars,
+            protectedVarsB: protectedNamesB.protectedVars,
+            protectedBlanksA: protectedNamesA.protectedBlanks,
+            protectedBlanksB: protectedNamesB.protectedBlanks,
           })
         ) {
           return subst;
@@ -8046,6 +8097,9 @@
       }
 
       function unifyTermTrail(a, b) {
+        const aRaw = a;
+        const bRaw = b;
+
         a = applySubstTerm(a, substMut);
         b = applySubstTerm(b, substMut);
 
@@ -8123,24 +8177,25 @@
 
         // Graphs
         if (a instanceof GraphTerm && b instanceof GraphTerm) {
-          const protectedNames = collectProtectedNamesFromSubst(substMut);
+          const protectedNamesA = collectProtectedNamesForTerm(aRaw, substMut);
+          const protectedNamesB = collectProtectedNamesForTerm(bRaw, substMut);
           if (
             alphaEqGraphTriples(a.triples, b.triples, {
-              protectedVarsA: protectedNames.protectedVars,
-              protectedVarsB: protectedNames.protectedVars,
-              protectedBlanksA: protectedNames.protectedBlanks,
-              protectedBlanksB: protectedNames.protectedBlanks,
+              protectedVarsA: protectedNamesA.protectedVars,
+              protectedVarsB: protectedNamesB.protectedVars,
+              protectedBlanksA: protectedNamesA.protectedBlanks,
+              protectedBlanksB: protectedNamesB.protectedBlanks,
             })
           ) {
             return true;
           }
-          // Fallback: reuse allocation-heavy graph unifier rarely hit in typical workloads.
-          const delta = unifyGraphTriples(a.triples, b.triples, {});
-          if (delta === null) return false;
+          const merged = unifyGraphTriples(a.triples, b.triples, substMut);
+          if (merged === null) return false;
           const mark = trail.length;
-          for (const k in delta) {
-            if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(delta, k)) continue;
-            if (!bindVarTrail(k, delta[k])) {
+          for (const k in merged) {
+            if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(merged, k)) continue;
+            if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(substMut, k)) continue;
+            if (!bindVarTrail(k, merged[k])) {
               undoTo(mark);
               return false;
             }
@@ -10488,6 +10543,7 @@ ${triples.map((tr) => `  ${tripleToN3(tr, prefixes)}`).join('\n')}
       isLogImplies,
       isLogImpliedBy,
       isLogQuery,
+      annotateQuotedGraphTerm,
     } = require('./prelude');
 
     const { N3SyntaxError } = require('./lexer');
@@ -11035,7 +11091,7 @@ ${triples.map((tr) => `  ${tripleToN3(tr, prefixes)}`).join('\n')}
           }
         }
         this.next(); // consume '}'
-        return new GraphTerm(triples);
+        return annotateQuotedGraphTerm(new GraphTerm(triples));
       }
 
       parseStatementVerb() {
@@ -11706,6 +11762,32 @@ ${triples.map((tr) => `  ${tripleToN3(tr, prefixes)}`).join('\n')}
       return acc;
     }
 
+    function annotateQuotedGraphTerm(graph) {
+      if (!(graph instanceof GraphTerm)) return graph;
+      const labels = collectBlankLabelsInTriples(graph.triples);
+      Object.defineProperty(graph, '__quotedLocalBlankLabels', {
+        value: labels,
+        enumerable: false,
+        writable: true,
+        configurable: true,
+      });
+      return graph;
+    }
+
+    function copyQuotedGraphMetadata(src, dst) {
+      if (!(src instanceof GraphTerm) || !(dst instanceof GraphTerm)) return dst;
+      if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(src, '__quotedLocalBlankLabels')) return dst;
+
+      const labels = src.__quotedLocalBlankLabels;
+      Object.defineProperty(dst, '__quotedLocalBlankLabels', {
+        value: labels instanceof Set ? new Set(labels) : labels,
+        enumerable: false,
+        writable: true,
+        configurable: true,
+      });
+      return dst;
+    }
+
     module.exports = {
       RDF_NS,
       RDFS_NS,
@@ -11745,6 +11827,8 @@ ${triples.map((tr) => `  ${tripleToN3(tr, prefixes)}`).join('\n')}
       collectIrisInTerm,
       varsInRule,
       collectBlankLabelsInTriples,
+      annotateQuotedGraphTerm,
+      copyQuotedGraphMetadata,
     };
   };
   __modules['lib/printing.js'] = function (require, module, exports) {
@@ -12922,7 +13006,7 @@ ${triples.map((tr) => `  ${tripleToN3(tr, prefixes)}`).join('\n')}
 
     'use strict';
 
-    const { Var, Blank, ListTerm, OpenListTerm, GraphTerm, Triple } = require('./prelude');
+    const { Var, Blank, ListTerm, OpenListTerm, GraphTerm, Triple, copyQuotedGraphMetadata } = require('./prelude');
 
     function liftBlankRuleVars(premise, conclusion) {
       // Map blank labels to stable rule-local variable names.
@@ -12950,7 +13034,7 @@ ${triples.map((tr) => `  ${tripleToN3(tr, prefixes)}`).join('\n')}
           const triples = t.triples.map(
             (tr) => new Triple(copyQuotedTerm(tr.s), copyQuotedTerm(tr.p), copyQuotedTerm(tr.o)),
           );
-          return new GraphTerm(triples);
+          return copyQuotedGraphMetadata(t, new GraphTerm(triples));
         }
         return t;
       }

package/eyeling.js

@@ -507,6 +507,7 @@ const {
   internLiteral,
   PrefixEnv,
   literalParts,
+  copyQuotedGraphMetadata,
 } = require('./prelude');
 
 const { decodeN3StringEscapes } = require('./lexer');
@@ -809,8 +810,9 @@ function __builtinCollectVarsInTriples(triples, out) {
   for (const tr of triples) __builtinCollectVarsInTriple(tr, out);
 }
 
-function __existentializeBlankTerm(t, mapping, varGen) {
+function __existentializeBlankTerm(t, mapping, varGen, localBlankLabels) {
   if (t instanceof Blank) {
+    if (localBlankLabels instanceof Set && !localBlankLabels.has(t.label)) return t;
     let v = mapping[t.label];
     if (v === undefined) {
       const n = Array.isArray(varGen) && typeof varGen[0] === 'number' ? varGen[0]++ : Object.keys(mapping).length + 1;
@@ -822,34 +824,46 @@ function __existentializeBlankTerm(t, mapping, varGen) {
   if (t instanceof ListTerm) return t;
   if (t instanceof OpenListTerm) return t;
   if (t instanceof GraphTerm) {
+    const nestedLocalBlankLabels =
+      Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(t, '__quotedLocalBlankLabels') && t.__quotedLocalBlankLabels instanceof Set
+        ? t.__quotedLocalBlankLabels
+        : localBlankLabels;
     let changed = false;
     const triples = t.triples.map((tr) => {
-      const s2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.s, mapping, varGen);
-      const p2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.p, mapping, varGen);
-      const o2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.o, mapping, varGen);
+      const s2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.s, mapping, varGen, nestedLocalBlankLabels);
+      const p2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.p, mapping, varGen, nestedLocalBlankLabels);
+      const o2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.o, mapping, varGen, nestedLocalBlankLabels);
       if (s2 !== tr.s || p2 !== tr.p || o2 !== tr.o) changed = true;
       return s2 === tr.s && p2 === tr.p && o2 === tr.o ? tr : new Triple(s2, p2, o2);
     });
-    return changed ? new GraphTerm(triples) : t;
+    return changed ? copyQuotedGraphMetadata(t, new GraphTerm(triples)) : t;
   }
   return t;
 }
 
-function __existentializeBlankTriples(triples, varGen) {
+function __existentializeBlankTriples(rawGraphOrTriples, varGen) {
+  const triples = rawGraphOrTriples instanceof GraphTerm ? Array.from(rawGraphOrTriples.triples) : Array.from(rawGraphOrTriples);
+  const localBlankLabels =
+    rawGraphOrTriples instanceof GraphTerm &&
+    Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(rawGraphOrTriples, '__quotedLocalBlankLabels') &&
+    rawGraphOrTriples.__quotedLocalBlankLabels instanceof Set
+      ? rawGraphOrTriples.__quotedLocalBlankLabels
+      : null;
+
   const mapping = Object.create(null);
   let changed = false;
   const out = triples.map((tr) => {
-    const s2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.s, mapping, varGen);
-    const p2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.p, mapping, varGen);
-    const o2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.o, mapping, varGen);
+    const s2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.s, mapping, varGen, localBlankLabels);
+    const p2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.p, mapping, varGen, localBlankLabels);
+    const o2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.o, mapping, varGen, localBlankLabels);
     if (s2 !== tr.s || p2 !== tr.p || o2 !== tr.o) changed = true;
     return s2 === tr.s && p2 === tr.p && o2 === tr.o ? tr : new Triple(s2, p2, o2);
   });
   return changed ? out : triples;
 }
 
-function __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawTriples, subst, varGen) {
-  const ex = __existentializeBlankTriples(Array.from(rawTriples), varGen);
+function __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawGraphOrTriples, subst, varGen) {
+  const ex = __existentializeBlankTriples(rawGraphOrTriples, varGen);
   let changed = false;
   const out = ex.map((tr) => {
     const tr2 = applySubstTriple(tr, subst);
@@ -4112,7 +4126,7 @@ function evalBuiltin(goal, subst, facts, backRules, depth, varGen, maxResults) {
     const keepVars = new Set();
     if (g.s instanceof GraphTerm) __builtinCollectVarsInTriples(g.s.triples, keepVars);
 
-    const goalTriples = __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(goal.o.triples, subst, varGen);
+    const goalTriples = __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(goal.o, subst, varGen);
     const goalVariants = __expandScopedVarPredicateGoals(goalTriples);
     const out = [];
     for (const variant of goalVariants) {
@@ -4195,7 +4209,7 @@ function evalBuiltin(goal, subst, facts, backRules, depth, varGen, maxResults) {
 
     const visited2 = [];
     const sols = proveGoals(
-      __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(goal.o.triples, subst, varGen),
+      __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(goal.o, subst, varGen),
       { ...subst },
       scopeFacts,
       scopeBackRules,
@@ -4292,8 +4306,8 @@ function evalBuiltin(goal, subst, facts, backRules, depth, varGen, maxResults) {
     const rawClauseTerm = goal.s instanceof ListTerm ? goal.s.elems[1] : clauseTerm;
     const clauseGoals =
       rawClauseTerm instanceof GraphTerm
-        ? __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawClauseTerm.triples, subst, varGen)
-        : __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(clauseTerm.triples, subst, varGen);
+        ? __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawClauseTerm, subst, varGen)
+        : __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(clauseTerm, subst, varGen);
     const sols = proveGoals(clauseGoals, {}, scopeFacts, scopeBackRules, depth + 1, visited2, varGen);
 
     const collected = sols.map((sBody) => applySubstTerm(valueTempl, sBody));
@@ -4351,12 +4365,12 @@ function evalBuiltin(goal, subst, facts, backRules, depth, varGen, maxResults) {
     const rawThenClause = goal.s instanceof ListTerm ? goal.s.elems[1] : thenClause;
     const whereGoals =
       rawWhereClause instanceof GraphTerm
-        ? __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawWhereClause.triples, subst, varGen)
-        : __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(whereClause.triples, subst, varGen);
+        ? __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawWhereClause, subst, varGen)
+        : __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(whereClause, subst, varGen);
     const thenGoals =
       rawThenClause instanceof GraphTerm
-        ? __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawThenClause.triples, subst, varGen)
-        : __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(thenClause.triples, subst, varGen);
+        ? __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawThenClause, subst, varGen)
+        : __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(thenClause, subst, varGen);
 
     const visited1 = [];
     const sols1 = proveGoals(whereGoals, {}, scopeFacts, scopeBackRules, depth + 1, visited1, varGen);
@@ -4763,7 +4777,7 @@ function standardizeTermApart(term, gen) {
         if (s2 !== tr.s || p2 !== tr.p || o2 !== tr.o) changed = true;
         return s2 === tr.s && p2 === tr.p && o2 === tr.o ? tr : new Triple(s2, p2, o2);
       });
-      return changed ? new GraphTerm(triples2) : t;
+      return changed ? copyQuotedGraphMetadata(t, new GraphTerm(triples2)) : t;
     }
     return t;
   }
@@ -4821,7 +4835,7 @@ function standardizeRule(rule, gen) {
         if (s2 !== tr.s || p2 !== tr.p || o2 !== tr.o) changed = true;
         return s2 === tr.s && p2 === tr.p && o2 === tr.o ? tr : new Triple(s2, p2, o2);
       });
-      return changed ? new GraphTerm(triples2) : t;
+      return changed ? copyQuotedGraphMetadata(t, new GraphTerm(triples2)) : t;
     }
     return t;
   }
@@ -5822,6 +5836,7 @@ const {
   DerivedFact,
   internIri,
   collectBlankLabelsInTriples,
+  copyQuotedGraphMetadata,
 } = require('./prelude');
 
 // In N3/Turtle, rdf:nil is the canonical IRI for the empty RDF list.
@@ -6641,14 +6656,44 @@ function collectProtectedNamesInTerm(t, protectedVars, protectedBlanks) {
   }
 }
 
-function collectProtectedNamesFromSubst(subst) {
+function collectProtectedNamesFromTermViaSubst(term, subst, protectedVars, protectedBlanks, seenVarNames) {
+  if (term instanceof Var) {
+    if (!subst || !Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(subst, term.name)) return;
+    if (seenVarNames.has(term.name)) return;
+    seenVarNames.add(term.name);
+    collectProtectedNamesInTerm(subst[term.name], protectedVars, protectedBlanks);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (term instanceof ListTerm) {
+    for (const e of term.elems)
+      collectProtectedNamesFromTermViaSubst(e, subst, protectedVars, protectedBlanks, seenVarNames);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (term instanceof OpenListTerm) {
+    for (const e of term.prefix)
+      collectProtectedNamesFromTermViaSubst(e, subst, protectedVars, protectedBlanks, seenVarNames);
+    if (subst && Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(subst, term.tailVar) && !seenVarNames.has(term.tailVar)) {
+      seenVarNames.add(term.tailVar);
+      collectProtectedNamesInTerm(subst[term.tailVar], protectedVars, protectedBlanks);
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (term instanceof GraphTerm) {
+    for (const tr of term.triples) {
+      collectProtectedNamesFromTermViaSubst(tr.s, subst, protectedVars, protectedBlanks, seenVarNames);
+      collectProtectedNamesFromTermViaSubst(tr.p, subst, protectedVars, protectedBlanks, seenVarNames);
+      collectProtectedNamesFromTermViaSubst(tr.o, subst, protectedVars, protectedBlanks, seenVarNames);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+function collectProtectedNamesForTerm(term, subst) {
   const protectedVars = new Set();
   const protectedBlanks = new Set();
-  if (!subst) return { protectedVars, protectedBlanks };
-  for (const k in subst) {
-    if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(subst, k)) continue;
-    collectProtectedNamesInTerm(subst[k], protectedVars, protectedBlanks);
-  }
+  collectProtectedNamesFromTermViaSubst(term, subst, protectedVars, protectedBlanks, new Set());
   return { protectedVars, protectedBlanks };
 }
 
@@ -7528,7 +7573,7 @@ function applySubstTerm(t, s) {
         out.push(v);
       }
     }
-    return out ? new GraphTerm(out) : t;
+    return out ? copyQuotedGraphMetadata(t, new GraphTerm(out)) : t;
   }
 
   return t;
@@ -7610,6 +7655,9 @@ function unifyTermListAppend(a, b, subst) {
 }
 
 function unifyTermWithOptions(a, b, subst, opts) {
+  const aRaw = a;
+  const bRaw = b;
+
   a = applySubstTerm(a, subst);
   b = applySubstTerm(b, subst);
 
@@ -7717,13 +7765,14 @@ function unifyTermWithOptions(a, b, subst, opts) {
 
   // Graphs
   if (a instanceof GraphTerm && b instanceof GraphTerm) {
-    const protectedNames = collectProtectedNamesFromSubst(subst);
+    const protectedNamesA = collectProtectedNamesForTerm(aRaw, subst);
+    const protectedNamesB = collectProtectedNamesForTerm(bRaw, subst);
     if (
       alphaEqGraphTriples(a.triples, b.triples, {
-        protectedVarsA: protectedNames.protectedVars,
-        protectedVarsB: protectedNames.protectedVars,
-        protectedBlanksA: protectedNames.protectedBlanks,
-        protectedBlanksB: protectedNames.protectedBlanks,
+        protectedVarsA: protectedNamesA.protectedVars,
+        protectedVarsB: protectedNamesB.protectedVars,
+        protectedBlanksA: protectedNamesA.protectedBlanks,
+        protectedBlanksB: protectedNamesB.protectedBlanks,
       })
     ) {
       return subst;
@@ -8027,6 +8076,9 @@ function proveGoals(goals, subst, facts, backRules, depth, visited, varGen, maxR
   }
 
   function unifyTermTrail(a, b) {
+    const aRaw = a;
+    const bRaw = b;
+
     a = applySubstTerm(a, substMut);
     b = applySubstTerm(b, substMut);
 
@@ -8104,24 +8156,25 @@ function proveGoals(goals, subst, facts, backRules, depth, visited, varGen, maxR
 
     // Graphs
     if (a instanceof GraphTerm && b instanceof GraphTerm) {
-      const protectedNames = collectProtectedNamesFromSubst(substMut);
+      const protectedNamesA = collectProtectedNamesForTerm(aRaw, substMut);
+      const protectedNamesB = collectProtectedNamesForTerm(bRaw, substMut);
       if (
         alphaEqGraphTriples(a.triples, b.triples, {
-          protectedVarsA: protectedNames.protectedVars,
-          protectedVarsB: protectedNames.protectedVars,
-          protectedBlanksA: protectedNames.protectedBlanks,
-          protectedBlanksB: protectedNames.protectedBlanks,
+          protectedVarsA: protectedNamesA.protectedVars,
+          protectedVarsB: protectedNamesB.protectedVars,
+          protectedBlanksA: protectedNamesA.protectedBlanks,
+          protectedBlanksB: protectedNamesB.protectedBlanks,
         })
       ) {
         return true;
       }
-      // Fallback: reuse allocation-heavy graph unifier rarely hit in typical workloads.
-      const delta = unifyGraphTriples(a.triples, b.triples, {});
-      if (delta === null) return false;
+      const merged = unifyGraphTriples(a.triples, b.triples, substMut);
+      if (merged === null) return false;
       const mark = trail.length;
-      for (const k in delta) {
-        if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(delta, k)) continue;
-        if (!bindVarTrail(k, delta[k])) {
+      for (const k in merged) {
+        if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(merged, k)) continue;
+        if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(substMut, k)) continue;
+        if (!bindVarTrail(k, merged[k])) {
           undoTo(mark);
           return false;
         }
@@ -10457,6 +10510,7 @@ const {
   isLogImplies,
   isLogImpliedBy,
   isLogQuery,
+  annotateQuotedGraphTerm,
 } = require('./prelude');
 
 const { N3SyntaxError } = require('./lexer');
@@ -11004,7 +11058,7 @@ class Parser {
       }
     }
     this.next(); // consume '}'
-    return new GraphTerm(triples);
+    return annotateQuotedGraphTerm(new GraphTerm(triples));
   }
 
   parseStatementVerb() {
@@ -11676,6 +11730,32 @@ function collectBlankLabelsInTriples(triples) {
   return acc;
 }
 
+function annotateQuotedGraphTerm(graph) {
+  if (!(graph instanceof GraphTerm)) return graph;
+  const labels = collectBlankLabelsInTriples(graph.triples);
+  Object.defineProperty(graph, '__quotedLocalBlankLabels', {
+    value: labels,
+    enumerable: false,
+    writable: true,
+    configurable: true,
+  });
+  return graph;
+}
+
+function copyQuotedGraphMetadata(src, dst) {
+  if (!(src instanceof GraphTerm) || !(dst instanceof GraphTerm)) return dst;
+  if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(src, '__quotedLocalBlankLabels')) return dst;
+
+  const labels = src.__quotedLocalBlankLabels;
+  Object.defineProperty(dst, '__quotedLocalBlankLabels', {
+    value: labels instanceof Set ? new Set(labels) : labels,
+    enumerable: false,
+    writable: true,
+    configurable: true,
+  });
+  return dst;
+}
+
 module.exports = {
   RDF_NS,
   RDFS_NS,
@@ -11715,6 +11795,8 @@ module.exports = {
   collectIrisInTerm,
   varsInRule,
   collectBlankLabelsInTriples,
+  annotateQuotedGraphTerm,
+  copyQuotedGraphMetadata,
 };
 
   };
@@ -12882,7 +12964,7 @@ module.exports = {
 
 'use strict';
 
-const { Var, Blank, ListTerm, OpenListTerm, GraphTerm, Triple } = require('./prelude');
+const { Var, Blank, ListTerm, OpenListTerm, GraphTerm, Triple, copyQuotedGraphMetadata } = require('./prelude');
 
 function liftBlankRuleVars(premise, conclusion) {
   // Map blank labels to stable rule-local variable names.
@@ -12910,7 +12992,7 @@ function liftBlankRuleVars(premise, conclusion) {
       const triples = t.triples.map(
         (tr) => new Triple(copyQuotedTerm(tr.s), copyQuotedTerm(tr.p), copyQuotedTerm(tr.o)),
       );
-      return new GraphTerm(triples);
+      return copyQuotedGraphMetadata(t, new GraphTerm(triples));
     }
     return t;
   }

package/lib/builtins.js

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ const {
   internLiteral,
   PrefixEnv,
   literalParts,
+  copyQuotedGraphMetadata,
 } = require('./prelude');
 
 const { decodeN3StringEscapes } = require('./lexer');
@@ -330,8 +331,9 @@ function __builtinCollectVarsInTriples(triples, out) {
   for (const tr of triples) __builtinCollectVarsInTriple(tr, out);
 }
 
-function __existentializeBlankTerm(t, mapping, varGen) {
+function __existentializeBlankTerm(t, mapping, varGen, localBlankLabels) {
   if (t instanceof Blank) {
+    if (localBlankLabels instanceof Set && !localBlankLabels.has(t.label)) return t;
     let v = mapping[t.label];
     if (v === undefined) {
       const n = Array.isArray(varGen) && typeof varGen[0] === 'number' ? varGen[0]++ : Object.keys(mapping).length + 1;
@@ -343,34 +345,47 @@ function __existentializeBlankTerm(t, mapping, varGen) {
   if (t instanceof ListTerm) return t;
   if (t instanceof OpenListTerm) return t;
   if (t instanceof GraphTerm) {
+    const nestedLocalBlankLabels =
+      Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(t, '__quotedLocalBlankLabels') && t.__quotedLocalBlankLabels instanceof Set
+        ? t.__quotedLocalBlankLabels
+        : localBlankLabels;
     let changed = false;
     const triples = t.triples.map((tr) => {
-      const s2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.s, mapping, varGen);
-      const p2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.p, mapping, varGen);
-      const o2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.o, mapping, varGen);
+      const s2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.s, mapping, varGen, nestedLocalBlankLabels);
+      const p2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.p, mapping, varGen, nestedLocalBlankLabels);
+      const o2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.o, mapping, varGen, nestedLocalBlankLabels);
       if (s2 !== tr.s || p2 !== tr.p || o2 !== tr.o) changed = true;
       return s2 === tr.s && p2 === tr.p && o2 === tr.o ? tr : new Triple(s2, p2, o2);
     });
-    return changed ? new GraphTerm(triples) : t;
+    return changed ? copyQuotedGraphMetadata(t, new GraphTerm(triples)) : t;
   }
   return t;
 }
 
-function __existentializeBlankTriples(triples, varGen) {
+function __existentializeBlankTriples(rawGraphOrTriples, varGen) {
+  const triples =
+    rawGraphOrTriples instanceof GraphTerm ? Array.from(rawGraphOrTriples.triples) : Array.from(rawGraphOrTriples);
+  const localBlankLabels =
+    rawGraphOrTriples instanceof GraphTerm &&
+    Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(rawGraphOrTriples, '__quotedLocalBlankLabels') &&
+    rawGraphOrTriples.__quotedLocalBlankLabels instanceof Set
+      ? rawGraphOrTriples.__quotedLocalBlankLabels
+      : null;
+
   const mapping = Object.create(null);
   let changed = false;
   const out = triples.map((tr) => {
-    const s2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.s, mapping, varGen);
-    const p2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.p, mapping, varGen);
-    const o2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.o, mapping, varGen);
+    const s2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.s, mapping, varGen, localBlankLabels);
+    const p2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.p, mapping, varGen, localBlankLabels);
+    const o2 = __existentializeBlankTerm(tr.o, mapping, varGen, localBlankLabels);
     if (s2 !== tr.s || p2 !== tr.p || o2 !== tr.o) changed = true;
     return s2 === tr.s && p2 === tr.p && o2 === tr.o ? tr : new Triple(s2, p2, o2);
   });
   return changed ? out : triples;
 }
 
-function __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawTriples, subst, varGen) {
-  const ex = __existentializeBlankTriples(Array.from(rawTriples), varGen);
+function __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawGraphOrTriples, subst, varGen) {
+  const ex = __existentializeBlankTriples(rawGraphOrTriples, varGen);
   let changed = false;
   const out = ex.map((tr) => {
     const tr2 = applySubstTriple(tr, subst);
@@ -3633,7 +3648,7 @@ function evalBuiltin(goal, subst, facts, backRules, depth, varGen, maxResults) {
     const keepVars = new Set();
     if (g.s instanceof GraphTerm) __builtinCollectVarsInTriples(g.s.triples, keepVars);
 
-    const goalTriples = __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(goal.o.triples, subst, varGen);
+    const goalTriples = __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(goal.o, subst, varGen);
     const goalVariants = __expandScopedVarPredicateGoals(goalTriples);
     const out = [];
     for (const variant of goalVariants) {
@@ -3716,7 +3731,7 @@ function evalBuiltin(goal, subst, facts, backRules, depth, varGen, maxResults) {
 
     const visited2 = [];
     const sols = proveGoals(
-      __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(goal.o.triples, subst, varGen),
+      __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(goal.o, subst, varGen),
       { ...subst },
       scopeFacts,
       scopeBackRules,
@@ -3813,8 +3828,8 @@ function evalBuiltin(goal, subst, facts, backRules, depth, varGen, maxResults) {
     const rawClauseTerm = goal.s instanceof ListTerm ? goal.s.elems[1] : clauseTerm;
     const clauseGoals =
       rawClauseTerm instanceof GraphTerm
-        ? __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawClauseTerm.triples, subst, varGen)
-        : __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(clauseTerm.triples, subst, varGen);
+        ? __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawClauseTerm, subst, varGen)
+        : __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(clauseTerm, subst, varGen);
     const sols = proveGoals(clauseGoals, {}, scopeFacts, scopeBackRules, depth + 1, visited2, varGen);
 
     const collected = sols.map((sBody) => applySubstTerm(valueTempl, sBody));
@@ -3872,12 +3887,12 @@ function evalBuiltin(goal, subst, facts, backRules, depth, varGen, maxResults) {
     const rawThenClause = goal.s instanceof ListTerm ? goal.s.elems[1] : thenClause;
     const whereGoals =
       rawWhereClause instanceof GraphTerm
-        ? __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawWhereClause.triples, subst, varGen)
-        : __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(whereClause.triples, subst, varGen);
+        ? __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawWhereClause, subst, varGen)
+        : __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(whereClause, subst, varGen);
     const thenGoals =
       rawThenClause instanceof GraphTerm
-        ? __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawThenClause.triples, subst, varGen)
-        : __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(thenClause.triples, subst, varGen);
+        ? __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(rawThenClause, subst, varGen)
+        : __prepareQuotedPatternTriples(thenClause, subst, varGen);
 
     const visited1 = [];
     const sols1 = proveGoals(whereGoals, {}, scopeFacts, scopeBackRules, depth + 1, visited1, varGen);
@@ -4284,7 +4299,7 @@ function standardizeTermApart(term, gen) {
         if (s2 !== tr.s || p2 !== tr.p || o2 !== tr.o) changed = true;
         return s2 === tr.s && p2 === tr.p && o2 === tr.o ? tr : new Triple(s2, p2, o2);
       });
-      return changed ? new GraphTerm(triples2) : t;
+      return changed ? copyQuotedGraphMetadata(t, new GraphTerm(triples2)) : t;
     }
     return t;
   }
@@ -4342,7 +4357,7 @@ function standardizeRule(rule, gen) {
         if (s2 !== tr.s || p2 !== tr.p || o2 !== tr.o) changed = true;
         return s2 === tr.s && p2 === tr.p && o2 === tr.o ? tr : new Triple(s2, p2, o2);
       });
-      return changed ? new GraphTerm(triples2) : t;
+      return changed ? copyQuotedGraphMetadata(t, new GraphTerm(triples2)) : t;
     }
     return t;
   }

package/lib/engine.js

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ const {
   DerivedFact,
   internIri,
   collectBlankLabelsInTriples,
+  copyQuotedGraphMetadata,
 } = require('./prelude');
 
 // In N3/Turtle, rdf:nil is the canonical IRI for the empty RDF list.
@@ -846,14 +847,44 @@ function collectProtectedNamesInTerm(t, protectedVars, protectedBlanks) {
   }
 }
 
-function collectProtectedNamesFromSubst(subst) {
+function collectProtectedNamesFromTermViaSubst(term, subst, protectedVars, protectedBlanks, seenVarNames) {
+  if (term instanceof Var) {
+    if (!subst || !Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(subst, term.name)) return;
+    if (seenVarNames.has(term.name)) return;
+    seenVarNames.add(term.name);
+    collectProtectedNamesInTerm(subst[term.name], protectedVars, protectedBlanks);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (term instanceof ListTerm) {
+    for (const e of term.elems)
+      collectProtectedNamesFromTermViaSubst(e, subst, protectedVars, protectedBlanks, seenVarNames);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (term instanceof OpenListTerm) {
+    for (const e of term.prefix)
+      collectProtectedNamesFromTermViaSubst(e, subst, protectedVars, protectedBlanks, seenVarNames);
+    if (subst && Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(subst, term.tailVar) && !seenVarNames.has(term.tailVar)) {
+      seenVarNames.add(term.tailVar);
+      collectProtectedNamesInTerm(subst[term.tailVar], protectedVars, protectedBlanks);
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (term instanceof GraphTerm) {
+    for (const tr of term.triples) {
+      collectProtectedNamesFromTermViaSubst(tr.s, subst, protectedVars, protectedBlanks, seenVarNames);
+      collectProtectedNamesFromTermViaSubst(tr.p, subst, protectedVars, protectedBlanks, seenVarNames);
+      collectProtectedNamesFromTermViaSubst(tr.o, subst, protectedVars, protectedBlanks, seenVarNames);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+function collectProtectedNamesForTerm(term, subst) {
   const protectedVars = new Set();
   const protectedBlanks = new Set();
-  if (!subst) return { protectedVars, protectedBlanks };
-  for (const k in subst) {
-    if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(subst, k)) continue;
-    collectProtectedNamesInTerm(subst[k], protectedVars, protectedBlanks);
-  }
+  collectProtectedNamesFromTermViaSubst(term, subst, protectedVars, protectedBlanks, new Set());
   return { protectedVars, protectedBlanks };
 }
 
@@ -1733,7 +1764,7 @@ function applySubstTerm(t, s) {
         out.push(v);
       }
     }
-    return out ? new GraphTerm(out) : t;
+    return out ? copyQuotedGraphMetadata(t, new GraphTerm(out)) : t;
   }
 
   return t;
@@ -1815,6 +1846,9 @@ function unifyTermListAppend(a, b, subst) {
 }
 
 function unifyTermWithOptions(a, b, subst, opts) {
+  const aRaw = a;
+  const bRaw = b;
+
   a = applySubstTerm(a, subst);
   b = applySubstTerm(b, subst);
 
@@ -1922,13 +1956,14 @@ function unifyTermWithOptions(a, b, subst, opts) {
 
   // Graphs
   if (a instanceof GraphTerm && b instanceof GraphTerm) {
-    const protectedNames = collectProtectedNamesFromSubst(subst);
+    const protectedNamesA = collectProtectedNamesForTerm(aRaw, subst);
+    const protectedNamesB = collectProtectedNamesForTerm(bRaw, subst);
     if (
       alphaEqGraphTriples(a.triples, b.triples, {
-        protectedVarsA: protectedNames.protectedVars,
-        protectedVarsB: protectedNames.protectedVars,
-        protectedBlanksA: protectedNames.protectedBlanks,
-        protectedBlanksB: protectedNames.protectedBlanks,
+        protectedVarsA: protectedNamesA.protectedVars,
+        protectedVarsB: protectedNamesB.protectedVars,
+        protectedBlanksA: protectedNamesA.protectedBlanks,
+        protectedBlanksB: protectedNamesB.protectedBlanks,
       })
     ) {
       return subst;
@@ -2232,6 +2267,9 @@ function proveGoals(goals, subst, facts, backRules, depth, visited, varGen, maxR
   }
 
   function unifyTermTrail(a, b) {
+    const aRaw = a;
+    const bRaw = b;
+
     a = applySubstTerm(a, substMut);
     b = applySubstTerm(b, substMut);
 
@@ -2309,24 +2347,25 @@ function proveGoals(goals, subst, facts, backRules, depth, visited, varGen, maxR
 
     // Graphs
     if (a instanceof GraphTerm && b instanceof GraphTerm) {
-      const protectedNames = collectProtectedNamesFromSubst(substMut);
+      const protectedNamesA = collectProtectedNamesForTerm(aRaw, substMut);
+      const protectedNamesB = collectProtectedNamesForTerm(bRaw, substMut);
       if (
         alphaEqGraphTriples(a.triples, b.triples, {
-          protectedVarsA: protectedNames.protectedVars,
-          protectedVarsB: protectedNames.protectedVars,
-          protectedBlanksA: protectedNames.protectedBlanks,
-          protectedBlanksB: protectedNames.protectedBlanks,
+          protectedVarsA: protectedNamesA.protectedVars,
+          protectedVarsB: protectedNamesB.protectedVars,
+          protectedBlanksA: protectedNamesA.protectedBlanks,
+          protectedBlanksB: protectedNamesB.protectedBlanks,
         })
       ) {
         return true;
       }
-      // Fallback: reuse allocation-heavy graph unifier rarely hit in typical workloads.
-      const delta = unifyGraphTriples(a.triples, b.triples, {});
-      if (delta === null) return false;
+      const merged = unifyGraphTriples(a.triples, b.triples, substMut);
+      if (merged === null) return false;
       const mark = trail.length;
-      for (const k in delta) {
-        if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(delta, k)) continue;
-        if (!bindVarTrail(k, delta[k])) {
+      for (const k in merged) {
+        if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(merged, k)) continue;
+        if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(substMut, k)) continue;
+        if (!bindVarTrail(k, merged[k])) {
           undoTo(mark);
           return false;
         }

package/lib/parser.js

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ const {
   isLogImplies,
   isLogImpliedBy,
   isLogQuery,
+  annotateQuotedGraphTerm,
 } = require('./prelude');
 
 const { N3SyntaxError } = require('./lexer');
@@ -573,7 +574,7 @@ class Parser {
       }
     }
     this.next(); // consume '}'
-    return new GraphTerm(triples);
+    return annotateQuotedGraphTerm(new GraphTerm(triples));
   }
 
   parseStatementVerb() {

package/lib/prelude.js

@@ -501,6 +501,32 @@ function collectBlankLabelsInTriples(triples) {
   return acc;
 }
 
+function annotateQuotedGraphTerm(graph) {
+  if (!(graph instanceof GraphTerm)) return graph;
+  const labels = collectBlankLabelsInTriples(graph.triples);
+  Object.defineProperty(graph, '__quotedLocalBlankLabels', {
+    value: labels,
+    enumerable: false,
+    writable: true,
+    configurable: true,
+  });
+  return graph;
+}
+
+function copyQuotedGraphMetadata(src, dst) {
+  if (!(src instanceof GraphTerm) || !(dst instanceof GraphTerm)) return dst;
+  if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(src, '__quotedLocalBlankLabels')) return dst;
+
+  const labels = src.__quotedLocalBlankLabels;
+  Object.defineProperty(dst, '__quotedLocalBlankLabels', {
+    value: labels instanceof Set ? new Set(labels) : labels,
+    enumerable: false,
+    writable: true,
+    configurable: true,
+  });
+  return dst;
+}
+
 module.exports = {
   RDF_NS,
   RDFS_NS,
@@ -540,4 +566,6 @@ module.exports = {
   collectIrisInTerm,
   varsInRule,
   collectBlankLabelsInTriples,
+  annotateQuotedGraphTerm,
+  copyQuotedGraphMetadata,
 };

package/lib/rules.js

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 'use strict';
 
-const { Var, Blank, ListTerm, OpenListTerm, GraphTerm, Triple } = require('./prelude');
+const { Var, Blank, ListTerm, OpenListTerm, GraphTerm, Triple, copyQuotedGraphMetadata } = require('./prelude');
 
 function liftBlankRuleVars(premise, conclusion) {
   // Map blank labels to stable rule-local variable names.
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ function liftBlankRuleVars(premise, conclusion) {
       const triples = t.triples.map(
         (tr) => new Triple(copyQuotedTerm(tr.s), copyQuotedTerm(tr.p), copyQuotedTerm(tr.o)),
       );
-      return new GraphTerm(triples);
+      return copyQuotedGraphMetadata(t, new GraphTerm(triples));
     }
     return t;
   }

package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "eyeling",
-  "version": "1.22.7",
+  "version": "1.22.9",
   "description": "A minimal Notation3 (N3) reasoner in JavaScript.",
   "main": "./index.js",
   "keywords": [

package/test/api.test.js

@@ -2095,6 +2095,29 @@ _:x :hates { _:foo :making :mess }.
       /:result\s+:status\s+:matched\s*\./,
     ],
   },
+
+  {
+    name: '243aa regression: collectAllIn keeps outer blank-node bindings fixed in quoted formulas',
+    opt: { proofComments: false },
+    input: `@prefix log: <http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/log#> .
+@prefix ex: <http://example.org/> .
+
+ex:a a ex:Person ; ex:name "A" .
+_:b a ex:Person ; ex:name "B" .
+
+{
+  ?person a ex:Person .
+  (?x { ?person ex:name ?x } ?xs) log:collectAllIn ?SCOPE .
+}
+=>
+{
+  ?person ex:names ?xs .
+} .
+`,
+    expect: [/ex:a\s+ex:names\s+\("A"\)\s*\./, /_:[^\s]+\s+ex:names\s+\("B"\)\s*\./],
+    notExpect: [/_:[^\s]+\s+ex:names\s+\("A"\s+"B"\)\s*\./, /_:[^\s]+\s+ex:names\s+\("B"\s+"A"\)\s*\./],
+  },
+
   {
     name: '243a regression: collectAllIn treats quoted-formula blanks existentially',
     opt: { proofComments: false },
@@ -2305,6 +2328,37 @@ _:x :hates { _:foo :making :mess }.
       }
     },
   },
+  {
+    name: 'regression: unrelated blank bindings must not block alpha-equivalent quoted-formula matches',
+    opt: { proofComments: false },
+    input: `@prefix log: <http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/log#> .
+@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
+@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>.
+@prefix : <http://example.org/ns#> .
+
+{
+    _:b1 a :Mortal .
+} :because {
+    :Socrates a :Human .
+    :Human rdfs:subClassOf :Mortal .
+} .
+
+<> :step {
+  [ a :Mortal ].
+}.
+
+{
+   ?A :step ?B .
+   ?B log:includes { ?S ?P ?O }.
+   { _:b2 a :Mortal } :because ?Y.
+}
+=>
+{
+  :test :is true .
+}.
+`,
+    expect: [/^:test\s+:is\s+true\s*\./m],
+  },
 ];
 
 let passed = 0;