eyeling 1.21.7 → 1.21.8

package/HANDBOOK.md

@@ -1568,15 +1568,17 @@ Casts each element to a string and concatenates.
 
 **Shape:** `( fmt a1 a2 ... ) string:format out`
 
-A tiny `sprintf` subset:
+A small `printf`/`sprintf` subset:
 
-- Supports only `%s` and `%%`.
-- Any other specifier (`%d`, `%f`, …) causes the builtin to fail.
-- Missing arguments are treated as empty strings.
+- Supports `%%`, `%s`, `%d`/`%i`/`%u`, `%f`/`%F`, `%e`/`%E`, `%g`/`%G`, and `%c`.
+- Supports width and precision, plus the `-` and `0` flags.
+- Unsupported flags/specifiers cause the builtin to fail.
+- Missing `%s` arguments are treated as empty strings.
 - The format string `fmt` itself must be string-castable.
 - Each `%s` argument may be any bound non-variable term:
   - string-castable terms (IRIs and literals) use their direct string value;
   - other bound terms (blank nodes, lists, quoted formulas, …) are rendered as N3.
+- Numeric directives require numerically parseable literals.
 
 ### Length and character utilities (Eyeling extensions)
 

package/dist/browser/eyeling.browser.js

@@ -983,34 +983,213 @@
       return stripQuotes(lex);
     }
 
-    // Tiny subset of sprintf: supports only %s and %%.
-    // Good enough for most N3 string:format use cases that just splice strings.
-    function simpleStringFormat(fmt, args) {
-      let out = '';
-      let argIndex = 0;
+    // Small printf/sprintf subset for string:format.
+    // Supports: %% , %s, %d/%i/%u, %f/%F, %e/%E, %g/%G, %c and width/precision
+    // with - and 0 flags. Unsupported specifiers/flags fail the builtin.
+    function padLeft(str, width, ch) {
+      return width > str.length ? ch.repeat(width - str.length) + str : str;
+    }
+
+    function padRight(str, width, ch) {
+      return width > str.length ? str + ch.repeat(width - str.length) : str;
+    }
+
+    function applyPrintfWidth(str, width, left, ch) {
+      if (width == null || width <= str.length) return str;
+      return left ? padRight(str, width, ch) : padLeft(str, width, ch);
+    }
+
+    function applyPrintfNumericWidth(str, width, left, zero) {
+      if (width == null || width <= str.length) return str;
+      if (left) return padRight(str, width, ' ');
+      const padChar = zero ? '0' : ' ';
+      if (padChar === '0' && (str.startsWith('-') || str.startsWith('+'))) {
+        return str[0] + padLeft(str.slice(1), width - 1, '0');
+      }
+      return padLeft(str, width, padChar);
+    }
 
-      for (let i = 0; i < fmt.length; i++) {
+    function parsePrintfSpec(fmt, percentIndex) {
+      let i = percentIndex + 1;
+      if (i >= fmt.length) return null;
+      if (fmt[i] === '%') return { conv: '%', next: i + 1 };
+
+      let left = false;
+      let zero = false;
+      while (i < fmt.length) {
         const ch = fmt[i];
-        if (ch === '%' && i + 1 < fmt.length) {
-          const spec = fmt[i + 1];
+        if (ch === '-') {
+          left = true;
+          i++;
+          continue;
+        }
+        if (ch === '0') {
+          zero = true;
+          i++;
+          continue;
+        }
+        break;
+      }
 
-          if (spec === 's') {
-            const arg = argIndex < args.length ? args[argIndex++] : '';
-            out += arg;
-            i++;
-            continue;
-          }
+      let width = null;
+      let widthStr = '';
+      while (i < fmt.length && /[0-9]/.test(fmt[i])) widthStr += fmt[i++];
+      if (widthStr) width = Number(widthStr);
 
-          if (spec === '%') {
-            out += '%';
-            i++;
-            continue;
-          }
+      let precision = null;
+      if (fmt[i] === '.') {
+        i++;
+        let p = '';
+        while (i < fmt.length && /[0-9]/.test(fmt[i])) p += fmt[i++];
+        precision = p === '' ? 0 : Number(p);
+      }
+
+      while (i < fmt.length && /[hlLztj]/.test(fmt[i])) i++;
+      if (i >= fmt.length) return null;
+
+      const conv = fmt[i];
+      if (!'sdiufFeEgGc'.includes(conv)) return null;
+      return { left, zero, width, precision, conv, next: i + 1 };
+    }
 
-          // Unsupported specifier (like %d, %f, …) ⇒ fail the builtin.
+    function trimPrintfGeneralLex(str) {
+      return str
+        .replace(/(\.\d*?[1-9])0+(e|$)/i, '$1$2')
+        .replace(/\.0+(e|$)/i, '$1')
+        .replace(/\.(e|$)/i, '$1');
+    }
+
+    function termToPrintfInteger(t) {
+      const bi = parseIntLiteral(t);
+      if (bi !== null) return bi;
+      const info = parseNumericLiteralInfo(t);
+      if (!info || info.kind !== 'number') return null;
+      if (!Number.isFinite(info.value) || !Number.isInteger(info.value)) return null;
+      return BigInt(info.value);
+    }
+
+    function termToPrintfNumber(t) {
+      const info = parseNumericLiteralInfo(t);
+      if (!info) return null;
+      if (info.kind === 'bigint') return Number(info.value);
+      return info.value;
+    }
+
+    function formatPrintfStringTerm(t, spec) {
+      const value = t === undefined ? '' : termToFormatArgString(t);
+      if (value === null) return null;
+      const str = spec.precision == null ? value : value.slice(0, spec.precision);
+      return applyPrintfWidth(str, spec.width, spec.left, ' ');
+    }
+
+    function formatPrintfIntegerTerm(t, spec, unsigned) {
+      if (t === undefined) return null;
+      let value = termToPrintfInteger(t);
+      if (value === null) return null;
+      if (unsigned && value < 0n) return null;
+      const negative = value < 0n;
+      if (negative) value = -value;
+      let digits = value.toString();
+      if (spec.precision != null) digits = digits.padStart(spec.precision, '0');
+      const out = (negative ? '-' : '') + digits;
+      return applyPrintfNumericWidth(out, spec.width, spec.left, spec.zero && spec.precision == null);
+    }
+
+    function formatPrintfFloatTerm(t, spec) {
+      if (t === undefined) return null;
+      const value = termToPrintfNumber(t);
+      if (value === null || Number.isNaN(value)) return null;
+      if (!Number.isFinite(value)) return applyPrintfNumericWidth(String(value), spec.width, spec.left, false);
+
+      let out;
+      switch (spec.conv) {
+        case 'f':
+        case 'F': {
+          const precision = spec.precision == null ? 6 : spec.precision;
+          out = value.toFixed(precision);
+          break;
+        }
+        case 'e':
+        case 'E': {
+          const precision = spec.precision == null ? 6 : spec.precision;
+          out = value.toExponential(precision);
+          break;
+        }
+        case 'g':
+        case 'G': {
+          const precision = spec.precision == null ? 6 : Math.max(spec.precision, 1);
+          out = trimPrintfGeneralLex(value.toPrecision(precision));
+          break;
+        }
+        default:
           return null;
+      }
+      if (spec.conv === 'E' || spec.conv === 'F' || spec.conv === 'G') out = out.toUpperCase();
+      return applyPrintfNumericWidth(out, spec.width, spec.left, spec.zero);
+    }
+
+    function formatPrintfCharTerm(t, spec) {
+      if (t === undefined) return null;
+      const value = termToPrintfInteger(t);
+      if (value === null) return null;
+      const codePoint = Number(value);
+      if (!Number.isInteger(codePoint) || codePoint < 0 || !Number.isFinite(codePoint)) return null;
+      try {
+        return applyPrintfWidth(String.fromCodePoint(codePoint), spec.width, spec.left, ' ');
+      } catch {
+        return null;
+      }
+    }
+
+    function simpleStringFormat(fmt, argTerms) {
+      let out = '';
+      let argIndex = 0;
+
+      for (let i = 0; i < fmt.length; ) {
+        if (fmt[i] !== '%') {
+          out += fmt[i++];
+          continue;
+        }
+
+        const spec = parsePrintfSpec(fmt, i);
+        if (!spec) return null;
+        i = spec.next;
+
+        if (spec.conv === '%') {
+          out += '%';
+          continue;
+        }
+
+        const term = argIndex < argTerms.length ? argTerms[argIndex++] : undefined;
+        let piece = null;
+        switch (spec.conv) {
+          case 's':
+            piece = formatPrintfStringTerm(term, spec);
+            break;
+          case 'd':
+          case 'i':
+            piece = formatPrintfIntegerTerm(term, spec, false);
+            break;
+          case 'u':
+            piece = formatPrintfIntegerTerm(term, spec, true);
+            break;
+          case 'f':
+          case 'F':
+          case 'e':
+          case 'E':
+          case 'g':
+          case 'G':
+            piece = formatPrintfFloatTerm(term, spec);
+            break;
+          case 'c':
+            piece = formatPrintfCharTerm(term, spec);
+            break;
+          default:
+            return null;
         }
-        out += ch;
+
+        if (piece === null) return null;
+        out += piece;
       }
 
       return out;
@@ -4201,24 +4380,18 @@
       }
 
       // string:format
-      // (limited: only %s and %% are supported, anything else ⇒ builtin fails)
-      // The format string itself must be string-castable, but placeholder arguments
-      // are allowed to be any bound non-variable term. Plain strings/IRIs keep their
-      // direct string value; other terms fall back to N3 rendering so formatting a
-      // bound blank node, list, or quoted formula does not make the whole builtin fail.
+      // Supports a small printf/sprintf subset: %% , %s, %d/%i/%u, %f/%F,
+      // %e/%E, %g/%G, %c plus width/precision and - / 0 flags.
+      // The format string itself must be string-castable. %s accepts any bound
+      // non-variable term: plain strings/IRIs keep their direct string value;
+      // other bound terms fall back to N3 rendering. Numeric directives require
+      // numerically parseable literals and otherwise make the builtin fail.
       if (pv === STRING_NS + 'format') {
         if (!(g.s instanceof ListTerm) || g.s.elems.length < 1) return [];
         const fmtStr = termToJsString(g.s.elems[0]);
         if (fmtStr === null) return [];
 
-        const args = [];
-        for (let i = 1; i < g.s.elems.length; i++) {
-          const aStr = termToFormatArgString(g.s.elems[i]);
-          if (aStr === null) return [];
-          args.push(aStr);
-        }
-
-        const formatted = simpleStringFormat(fmtStr, args);
+        const formatted = simpleStringFormat(fmtStr, g.s.elems.slice(1));
         if (formatted === null) return []; // unsupported format specifier(s)
 
         const lit = makeStringLiteral(formatted);

package/examples/arcling/README.md

@@ -10,14 +10,15 @@ In one line:
 
 ## Insight Economy context
 
-The `delfour` and `flandor` cases are concrete Arcling readings of Ruben Verborgh’s [Inside the Insight Economy](https://ruben.verborgh.org/blog/2025/08/12/inside-the-insight-economy/). The central move is the same in both cases: what gets traded is not risky raw data, but a narrow, expiring, purpose-bound insight that is useful enough to trigger action. In Ruben’s phrasing, the goal is to “don’t exchange raw data” and to prefer “meaningful insights, not risky raw data”.
+The `delfour`, `medior`, and `flandor` cases are concrete Arcling readings of Ruben Verborgh’s [Inside the Insight Economy](https://ruben.verborgh.org/blog/2025/08/12/inside-the-insight-economy/). The central move is the same in all three cases: what gets traded is not risky raw data, but a narrow, expiring, purpose-bound insight that is useful enough to trigger action. In Ruben’s phrasing, the goal is to “don’t exchange raw data” and to prefer “meaningful insights, not risky raw data”.
 
-In this directory, the two cases show that pattern at two scales:
+In this directory, the three cases show that pattern across three settings:
 
 - **Delfour** keeps a household-level medical condition private and turns it into a neutral shopping insight such as “prefer lower-sugar products” for shopping assistance.
+- **Medior** keeps laboratory, medication, and readmission evidence local and turns it into a minimal post-discharge coordination insight that can justify activating a continuity bundle.
 - **Flandor** keeps exporter, labour-market, and grid evidence local and turns it into a regional macro-economic insight that justifies a temporary retooling response.
 
-That pairing is intentional: `delfour` is the micro case and `flandor` is the macro case. Both are easier to understand if read next to their declarative Eyeling counterparts: `examples/delfour.n3` and `examples/flandor.n3`.
+That progression is intentional: `delfour` is the micro case, `medior` is the care-coordination case, and `flandor` is the macro case. They are easiest to read next to their declarative Eyeling counterparts: `examples/delfour.n3`, `examples/medior.n3`, and `examples/flandor.n3`.
 
 ## Why this directory exists
 
@@ -155,7 +156,7 @@ A check should add confidence. It should not only restate the answer.
 
 ### 5. Keep names aligned
 
-If a case is called `delfour` or `flandor` in `examples/`, the Arcling case should use the same base name.
+If a case is called `delfour`, `medior`, or `flandor` in `examples/`, the Arcling case should use the same base name.
 
 ## Suggested workflow for a new case
 

package/examples/arcling/medior/medior.data.json

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "./medior.instance.schema.json",
+  "caseName": "Medior",
+  "region": "Flanders",
+  "question": "Is the discharge coordination team allowed to use a minimal continuity insight after hospital discharge, and if so which package should it activate?",
+  "timestamps": {
+    "createdAt": "2026-04-09T08:00:00+00:00",
+    "expiresAt": "2026-04-11T08:00:00+00:00",
+    "authorizedAt": "2026-04-09T09:15:00+00:00",
+    "dutyPerformedAt": "2026-04-10T19:30:00+00:00"
+  },
+  "evaluationContext": {
+    "scopeDevice": "discharge-coordination-team",
+    "scopeEvent": "48h-post-discharge-window",
+    "purpose": "care_coordination",
+    "prohibitedReusePurpose": "insurance_pricing"
+  },
+  "thresholds": {
+    "egfrBelow": 60,
+    "activeMedicationCountAtLeast": 8,
+    "admissionsLast180DaysAtLeast": 1,
+    "hoursSinceDischargeAtMost": 48,
+    "activeNeedCountAtLeast": 3
+  },
+  "signals": {
+    "lab": {
+      "egfr": 52
+    },
+    "medications": {
+      "activeMedicationCount": 9
+    },
+    "history": {
+      "admissionsLast180Days": 2
+    },
+    "discharge": {
+      "hoursSinceDischarge": 18
+    }
+  },
+  "budget": {
+    "windowName": "post-discharge continuity window",
+    "maxEUR": 5
+  },
+  "packages": [
+    {
+      "id": "pkg:CALL_001",
+      "name": "Nurse follow-up call",
+      "costEUR": 1,
+      "touches": 1,
+      "coversRenalSafetyConcern": false,
+      "coversPolypharmacyRisk": false,
+      "coversReadmissionHistory": false,
+      "coversRecentDischargeWindow": true
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "pkg:MEDREC_002",
+      "name": "Medication reconciliation bundle",
+      "costEUR": 2,
+      "touches": 2,
+      "coversRenalSafetyConcern": true,
+      "coversPolypharmacyRisk": true,
+      "coversReadmissionHistory": false,
+      "coversRecentDischargeWindow": false
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "pkg:MEDIOR_004",
+      "name": "Medior Continuity Pulse",
+      "costEUR": 4,
+      "touches": 3,
+      "coversRenalSafetyConcern": true,
+      "coversPolypharmacyRisk": true,
+      "coversReadmissionHistory": true,
+      "coversRecentDischargeWindow": true
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "pkg:TRANSITION_006",
+      "name": "Extended transition program",
+      "costEUR": 6,
+      "touches": 4,
+      "coversRenalSafetyConcern": true,
+      "coversPolypharmacyRisk": true,
+      "coversReadmissionHistory": true,
+      "coversRecentDischargeWindow": true
+    }
+  ],
+  "insightPolicy": {
+    "id": "https://example.org/insight/medior",
+    "metric": "post_discharge_coordination_priority",
+    "suggestionPolicy": "lowest_cost_package_covering_all_active_needs",
+    "type": "ins:Insight",
+    "policyProfile": "Medior-Insight-Policy",
+    "policyType": "odrl:Policy"
+  },
+  "integrity": {
+    "secret": "medior-demo-shared-secret",
+    "verificationMode": "trustedPrecomputedInput"
+  }
+}

package/examples/arcling/medior/medior.expected.json

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+{
+  "caseName": "Medior",
+  "derived": {
+    "renalSafetyConcern": true,
+    "polypharmacyRisk": true,
+    "readmissionHistory": true,
+    "recentDischargeWindow": true,
+    "activeNeedCount": 4,
+    "needsContinuityBundle": true,
+    "eligiblePackageIds": ["pkg:MEDIOR_004"],
+    "recommendedPackageId": "pkg:MEDIOR_004",
+    "recommendedPackageName": "Medior Continuity Pulse"
+  },
+  "envelope": {
+    "insight": {
+      "createdAt": "2026-04-09T08:00:00+00:00",
+      "expiresAt": "2026-04-11T08:00:00+00:00",
+      "id": "https://example.org/insight/medior",
+      "metric": "post_discharge_coordination_priority",
+      "region": "Flanders",
+      "scopeDevice": "discharge-coordination-team",
+      "scopeEvent": "48h-post-discharge-window",
+      "suggestionPolicy": "lowest_cost_package_covering_all_active_needs",
+      "threshold": 3,
+      "type": "ins:Insight"
+    },
+    "policy": {
+      "duty": {
+        "action": "odrl:delete",
+        "constraint": {
+          "leftOperand": "odrl:dateTime",
+          "operator": "odrl:eq",
+          "rightOperand": "2026-04-11T08:00:00+00:00"
+        }
+      },
+      "permission": {
+        "action": "odrl:use",
+        "constraint": {
+          "leftOperand": "odrl:purpose",
+          "operator": "odrl:eq",
+          "rightOperand": "care_coordination"
+        },
+        "target": "https://example.org/insight/medior"
+      },
+      "profile": "Medior-Insight-Policy",
+      "prohibition": {
+        "action": "odrl:distribute",
+        "constraint": {
+          "leftOperand": "odrl:purpose",
+          "operator": "odrl:eq",
+          "rightOperand": "insurance_pricing"
+        },
+        "target": "https://example.org/insight/medior"
+      },
+      "type": "odrl:Policy"
+    }
+  },
+  "integrity": {
+    "canonicalEnvelope": "{\"insight\":{\"createdAt\":\"2026-04-09T08:00:00+00:00\",\"expiresAt\":\"2026-04-11T08:00:00+00:00\",\"id\":\"https://example.org/insight/medior\",\"metric\":\"post_discharge_coordination_priority\",\"region\":\"Flanders\",\"scopeDevice\":\"discharge-coordination-team\",\"scopeEvent\":\"48h-post-discharge-window\",\"suggestionPolicy\":\"lowest_cost_package_covering_all_active_needs\",\"threshold\":3,\"type\":\"ins:Insight\"},\"policy\":{\"duty\":{\"action\":\"odrl:delete\",\"constraint\":{\"leftOperand\":\"odrl:dateTime\",\"operator\":\"odrl:eq\",\"rightOperand\":\"2026-04-11T08:00:00+00:00\"}},\"permission\":{\"action\":\"odrl:use\",\"constraint\":{\"leftOperand\":\"odrl:purpose\",\"operator\":\"odrl:eq\",\"rightOperand\":\"care_coordination\"},\"target\":\"https://example.org/insight/medior\"},\"profile\":\"Medior-Insight-Policy\",\"prohibition\":{\"action\":\"odrl:distribute\",\"constraint\":{\"leftOperand\":\"odrl:purpose\",\"operator\":\"odrl:eq\",\"rightOperand\":\"insurance_pricing\"},\"target\":\"https://example.org/insight/medior\"},\"type\":\"odrl:Policy\"}}",
+    "payloadHashSHA256": "b5fec8971d6c5e313a1387f08151f1c3203effce05d6455469c9f63305be05ae",
+    "envelopeHmacSHA256": "072f4c2774ce362e660649d145c9d784e5e95d63d24d4057b119a419c6ba34dc",
+    "verificationMode": "trustedPrecomputedInput"
+  },
+  "answer": {
+    "name": "Medior",
+    "region": "Flanders",
+    "metric": "post_discharge_coordination_priority",
+    "activeNeedCount": 4,
+    "threshold": 3,
+    "recommendedPackage": "Medior Continuity Pulse",
+    "budgetCapEUR": 5,
+    "packageCostEUR": 4,
+    "payloadHashSHA256": "b5fec8971d6c5e313a1387f08151f1c3203effce05d6455469c9f63305be05ae",
+    "envelopeHmacSHA256": "072f4c2774ce362e660649d145c9d784e5e95d63d24d4057b119a419c6ba34dc"
+  },
+  "reasonWhy": [
+    "RenalSafetyConcern holds because eGFR = 52 and the threshold is < 60.",
+    "PolypharmacyRisk holds because the active medication count is 9 and the threshold is ≥ 8.",
+    "ReadmissionHistory holds because admissionsLast180Days = 2 and the threshold is ≥ 1.",
+    "RecentDischargeWindow holds because hoursSinceDischarge = 18 and the threshold is ≤ 48.",
+    "The recommendation rule selects the least-cost package that covers every active need and remains within budget.",
+    "The selected package is \"Medior Continuity Pulse\" with cost €4, touches=3.",
+    "Use is permitted only for purpose \"care_coordination\" and expires at 2026-04-11T08:00:00+00:00."
+  ],
+  "checks": {
+    "payloadHashMatches": true,
+    "signatureVerifies": true,
+    "thresholdReached": true,
+    "scopeComplete": true,
+    "minimizationRespected": true,
+    "authorizationAllowed": true,
+    "dutyTimely": true,
+    "insurancePricingProhibited": true,
+    "packageWithinBudget": true,
+    "packageCoversAllActiveNeeds": true,
+    "lowestCostEligiblePackageChosen": true
+  },
+  "allChecksPass": true,
+  "arcText": "=== Answer ===\nName: Medior\nRegion: Flanders\nMetric: post_discharge_coordination_priority\nActive need count: 4/3\nRecommended package: Medior Continuity Pulse\nBudget cap: €5\nPackage cost: €4\nPayload SHA-256: b5fec8971d6c5e313a1387f08151f1c3203effce05d6455469c9f63305be05ae\nEnvelope HMAC-SHA-256: 072f4c2774ce362e660649d145c9d784e5e95d63d24d4057b119a419c6ba34dc\n\n=== Reason Why ===\nRenalSafetyConcern holds because eGFR = 52 and the threshold is < 60.\nPolypharmacyRisk holds because the active medication count is 9 and the threshold is ≥ 8.\nReadmissionHistory holds because admissionsLast180Days = 2 and the threshold is ≥ 1.\nRecentDischargeWindow holds because hoursSinceDischarge = 18 and the threshold is ≤ 48.\nThe recommendation rule selects the least-cost package that covers every active need and remains within budget.\nThe selected package is \"Medior Continuity Pulse\" with cost €4, touches=3.\nUse is permitted only for purpose \"care_coordination\" and expires at 2026-04-11T08:00:00+00:00.\n\n=== Check ===\n- PASS: payloadHashMatches\n- PASS: signatureVerifies\n- PASS: thresholdReached\n- PASS: scopeComplete\n- PASS: minimizationRespected\n- PASS: authorizationAllowed\n- PASS: dutyTimely\n- PASS: insurancePricingProhibited\n- PASS: packageWithinBudget\n- PASS: packageCoversAllActiveNeeds\n- PASS: lowestCostEligiblePackageChosen"
+}