exiftool-vendored.exe 12.56.0 → 12.60.0

package/bin/exiftool_files/lib/Image/ExifTool.pm

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ use vars qw($VERSION $RELEASE @ISA @EXPORT_OK %EXPORT_TAGS $AUTOLOAD @fileTypes
             %jpegMarker %specialTags %fileTypeLookup $testLen $exeDir
             %static_vars);
 
-$VERSION = '12.56';
+$VERSION = '12.60';
 $RELEASE = '';
 @ISA = qw(Exporter);
 %EXPORT_TAGS = (
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ sub GetAllGroups($;$);
 sub GetNewGroups($);
 sub GetDeleteGroups();
 sub AddUserDefinedTags($%);
+sub SetAlternateFile($$$);
 # non-public routines below
 sub InsertTagValues($$$;$$$);
 sub IsWritable($);
@@ -113,6 +114,7 @@ sub WriteTIFF($$$);
 sub PackUTF8(@);
 sub UnpackUTF8($);
 sub SetPreferredByteOrder($;$);
+sub ImageDataMD5($$$;$$);
 sub CopyBlock($$$);
 sub CopyFileAttrs($$$);
 sub TimeNow(;$$);
@@ -1821,6 +1823,17 @@ my %systemTagsNotes = (
             if specifically requested
         },
     },
+    ImageDataMD5 => {
+        Notes => q{
+            MD5 of image data. Generated only if specifically requested for JPEG and
+            TIFF-based images, PNG, CRW, CR3, MRW, RAF, X3F and AVIF images, MOV/MP4
+            videos, and some RIFF-based files.  The MD5 includes the main image data,
+            plus JpgFromRaw/OtherImage for some formats, but does not include
+            ThumbnailImage or PreviewImage.  Includes video and audio data for MOV/MP4. 
+            The L<XMP-et:OriginalImageMD5 tag|XMP.html#ExifTool> provides a place to
+            store these values in the file.
+        },
+    },
 );
 
 # tags defined by UserParam option (added at runtime)
@@ -2043,7 +2056,9 @@ sub new
     $$self{DEL_GROUP} = { };    # lookup for groups to delete when writing
     $$self{SAVE_COUNT} = 0;     # count calls to SaveNewValues()
     $$self{FILE_SEQUENCE} = 0;  # sequence number for files when reading
+    $$self{FILES_WRITTEN} = 0;  # count of files successfully written
     $$self{INDENT2} = '';       # indentation of verbose messages from SetNewValue
+    $$self{ALT_EXIFTOOL} = { }; # alternate exiftool objects
 
     # initialize our new groups for writing
     $self->SetNewGroups(@defaultWriteGroups);
@@ -2478,8 +2493,33 @@ sub ExtractInfo($;@)
                 $self->WarnOnce('Install Time::HiRes to generate ProcessingTime');
             }
         }
-
+        
+        # create MD5 object if ImageDataMD5 is requested
+        if ($$req{imagedatamd5} and not $$self{ImageDataMD5}) {
+            if (require Digest::MD5) {
+                $$self{ImageDataMD5} = Digest::MD5->new;
+            } else {
+                $self->WarnOnce('Install Digest::MD5 to calculate image data MD5');
+            }
+        }
         ++$$self{FILE_SEQUENCE};        # count files read
+        # extract information from alternate files if necessary
+        my ($g8, $altExifTool);
+        foreach $g8 (keys %{$$self{ALT_EXIFTOOL}}) {
+            $altExifTool = $$self{ALT_EXIFTOOL}{$g8};
+            next if $$altExifTool{DID_EXTRACT}; # avoid extracting twice
+            $$altExifTool{OPTIONS} = $$self{OPTIONS};
+            $$altExifTool{GLOBAL_TIME_OFFSET} = $$self{GLOBAL_TIME_OFFSET};
+            $$altExifTool{REQ_TAG_LOOKUP} = $$self{REQ_TAG_LOOKUP};
+            $altExifTool->ExtractInfo($$altExifTool{ALT_FILE});
+            # set family 8 group name for all tags
+            foreach (keys %{$$altExifTool{VALUE}}) {
+                my $ex = $$altExifTool{TAG_EXTRA}{$_};
+                $ex or $ex = $$altExifTool{TAG_EXTRA}{$_} = { };
+                $$ex{G8} = $g8;
+            }
+            $$altExifTool{DID_EXTRACT} = 1;
+        }
     }
 
     my $filename = $$self{FILENAME};    # image file name ('' if already open)
@@ -2869,6 +2909,10 @@ sub ExtractInfo($;@)
         # restore necessary members when exiting re-entrant code
         $$self{$_} = $$reEntry{$_} foreach keys %$reEntry;
         SetByteOrder($saveOrder);
+    } elsif ($$self{ImageDataMD5}) {
+        my $digest = $$self{ImageDataMD5}->hexdigest;
+        # (don't store empty digest)
+        $self->FoundTag(ImageDataMD5 => $digest) unless $digest eq 'd41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e';
     }
 
     # ($type may be undef without an Error when processing sub-documents)
@@ -3500,6 +3544,10 @@ sub GetGroup($$;$)
                 $groups[6] = $$ex{G6};
             }
         }
+        if ($$ex{G8}) {
+            $groups[7] = '';
+            $groups[8] = $$ex{G8};
+        }
         # generate tag ID group names unless obviously not needed
         unless ($noID) {
             my $id = $$tagInfo{KeysID} || $$tagInfo{TagID};
@@ -3685,13 +3733,21 @@ COMPOSITE_TAG:
                                 next COMPOSITE_TAG;
                             }
                         }
+                        my ($i, $key, @keys, $altFile);
+                        my $et = $self;
+                        # get tags from alternate file if a family 8 group was specified
+                        if ($reqTag =~ /\b(File\d+):/i and $$self{ALT_EXIFTOOL}{$1}) {
+                            $et = $$self{ALT_EXIFTOOL}{$1};
+                            $altFile = $1;
+                        }
                         # (CAREFUL! keys may not be sequential if one was deleted)
-                        my ($i, $key, @keys);
-                        for ($key=$name, $i=$$self{DUPL_TAG}{$name} || 0; ; --$i) {
-                            push @keys, $key if defined $$rawValue{$key};
+                        for ($key=$name, $i=$$et{DUPL_TAG}{$name} || 0; ; --$i) {
+                            push @keys, $key if defined $$et{VALUE}{$key};
                             last if $i <= 0;
                             $key = "$name ($i)";
                         }
+                        # make sure the necessary information is available from the alternate file
+                        $self->CopyAltInfo($altFile, \@keys) if $altFile;
                         # find first matching tag
                         $key = $self->GroupMatches($reqGroup, \@keys);
                         $reqTag = $key || "$name (0)";
@@ -4133,7 +4189,11 @@ sub SplitFileName($)
     } else {
         ($name = $file) =~ tr/\\/\//;
         # remove path
-        $dir = length($1) ? $1 : '/' if $name =~ s/(.*)\///;
+        if ($name =~ s/(.*)\///) {
+            $dir = length($1) ? $1 : '/';
+        } else {
+            $dir = '.';
+        }
     }
     return ($dir, $name);
 }
@@ -4296,9 +4356,9 @@ sub GetFileTime($$)
     # on Windows, try to work around incorrect file times when daylight saving time is in effect
     if ($^O eq 'MSWin32') {
         if (not eval { require Win32::API }) {
-            $self->WarnOnce('Install Win32::API for proper handling of Windows file times');
+            $self->WarnOnce('Install Win32::API for proper handling of Windows file times', 1);
         } elsif (not eval { require Win32API::File }) {
-            $self->WarnOnce('Install Win32API::File for proper handling of Windows file times');
+            $self->WarnOnce('Install Win32API::File for proper handling of Windows file times', 1);
         } else {
             # get Win32 handle, needed for GetFileTime
             my $win32Handle = eval { Win32API::File::GetOsFHandle($file) };
@@ -4548,6 +4608,29 @@ sub RemoveTagsFromList($$$$;$)
     $_[0] = \@filteredTags;     # update tag list
 }
 
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Copy tags from alternate input file
+# Inputs: 0) ExifTool ref, 1) family 8 group, 2) list ref for tag keys to copy
+# - updates tag key list to match keys newly added to $self
+sub CopyAltInfo($$$)
+{
+    my ($self, $g8, $tags) = @_;
+    my ($tag, $vtag);
+    return unless $g8 =~ /(\d+)/;
+    my $et = $$self{ALT_EXIFTOOL}{$g8} or return;
+    my $altOrder = ($1 + 1) * 100000;   # increment file order
+    foreach $tag (@$tags) {
+        ($vtag = $tag) =~ s/( |$)/ #[$g8]/;
+        unless (defined $$self{VALUE}{$vtag}) {
+            $$self{VALUE}{$vtag} = $$et{VALUE}{$tag};
+            $$self{TAG_INFO}{$vtag} = $$et{TAG_INFO}{$tag};
+            $$self{TAG_EXTRA}{$vtag} = $$et{TAG_EXTRA}{$tag} || { };
+            $$self{FILE_ORDER}{$vtag} = ($$et{FILE_ORDER}{$tag} || 0) + $altOrder;
+        }
+        $tag = $vtag;
+    }
+}
+
 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Set list of found tags from previously requested tags
 # Inputs: 0) ExifTool object reference
@@ -4574,11 +4657,17 @@ sub SetFoundTags($)
         my $tagHash = $$self{VALUE};
         my $reqTag;
         foreach $reqTag (@$reqTags) {
-            my (@matches, $group, $allGrp, $allTag, $byValue);
+            my (@matches, $group, $allGrp, $allTag, $byValue, $g8);
+            my $et = $self;
             if ($reqTag =~ /^(.*):(.+)/) {
                 ($group, $tag) = ($1, $2);
                 if ($group =~ /^(\*|all)$/i) {
                     $allGrp = 1;
+                } elsif ($reqTag =~ /\bfile(\d+):/i) {
+                    $g8 = "File$1";
+                    $et = $$self{ALT_EXIFTOOL}{$g8} || $self;
+                    $fileOrder = $$et{FILE_ORDER};
+                    $tagHash = $$et{VALUE};
                 } elsif ($group !~ /^[-\w:]*$/) {
                     $self->Warn("Invalid group name '${group}'");
                     $group = 'invalid';
@@ -4620,7 +4709,7 @@ sub SetFoundTags($)
             }
             if (defined $group and not $allGrp) {
                 # keep only specified group
-                @matches = $self->GroupMatches($group, \@matches);
+                @matches = $et->GroupMatches($group, \@matches);
                 next unless @matches or not $allTag;
             }
             if (@matches > 1) {
@@ -4629,9 +4718,9 @@ sub SetFoundTags($)
                 # return only the highest priority tag unless duplicates wanted
                 unless ($doDups or $allTag or $allGrp) {
                     $tag = shift @matches;
-                    my $oldPriority = $$self{PRIORITY}{$tag} || 1;
+                    my $oldPriority = $$et{PRIORITY}{$tag} || 1;
                     foreach (@matches) {
-                        my $priority = $$self{PRIORITY}{$_};
+                        my $priority = $$et{PRIORITY}{$_};
                         $priority = 1 unless defined $priority;
                         next unless $priority >= $oldPriority;
                         $tag = $_;
@@ -4645,6 +4734,13 @@ sub SetFoundTags($)
                 # bogus file order entry to avoid warning if sorting in file order
                 $$self{FILE_ORDER}{$matches[0]} = 9999;
             }
+            # copy over necessary information for tags from alternate files
+            if ($g8) {
+                $self->CopyAltInfo($g8, \@matches);
+                # restore variables to original values for main file
+                $fileOrder = $$self{FILE_ORDER};
+                $tagHash = $$self{VALUE};
+            }
             # save indices of tags extracted by value
             push @byValue, scalar(@$rtnTags) .. (scalar(@$rtnTags)+scalar(@matches)-1) if $byValue;
             # save indices of wildcard tags
@@ -5867,7 +5963,8 @@ sub ConvertTimeSpan($;$)
 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Patched timelocal() that fixes ActivePerl timezone bug
 # Inputs/Returns: same as timelocal()
-# Notes: must 'require Time::Local' before calling this routine
+# Notes: must 'require Time::Local' before calling this routine.
+# Also note that year should be full year, and not relative to 1900 as with localtime
 sub TimeLocal(@)
 {
     my $tm = Time::Local::timelocal(@_);
@@ -6326,7 +6423,6 @@ sub ProcessJPEG($$)
 {
     local $_;
     my ($self, $dirInfo) = @_;
-    my ($ch, $s, $length);
     my $options = $$self{OPTIONS};
     my $verbose = $$options{Verbose};
     my $out = $$options{TextOut};
@@ -6335,10 +6431,17 @@ sub ProcessJPEG($$)
     my $req = $$self{REQ_TAG_LOOKUP};
     my $htmlDump = $$self{HTML_DUMP};
     my %dumpParms = ( Out => $out );
+    my ($ch, $s, $length, $md5, $md5size);
     my ($success, $wantTrailer, $trailInfo, $foundSOS, %jumbfChunk);
     my (@iccChunk, $iccChunkCount, $iccChunksTotal, @flirChunk, $flirCount, $flirTotal);
     my ($preview, $scalado, @dqt, $subSampling, $dumpEnd, %extendedXMP);
 
+    # get pointer to MD5 object if it exists and we are the top-level JPEG
+    if ($$self{FILE_TYPE} eq 'JPEG' and not $$self{DOC_NUM}) {
+        $md5 = $$self{ImageDataMD5};
+        $md5size = 0;
+    }
+
     # check to be sure this is a valid JPG (or J2C, or EXV) file
     return 0 unless $raf->Read($s, 2) == 2 and $s =~ /^\xff[\xd8\x4f\x01]/;
     if ($s eq "\xff\x01") {
@@ -6385,7 +6488,9 @@ sub ProcessJPEG($$)
 #
 # read ahead to the next segment unless we have reached EOI, SOS or SOD
 #
-        unless ($marker and ($marker==0xd9 or ($marker==0xda and not $wantTrailer) or $marker==0x93)) {
+        unless ($marker and ($marker==0xd9 or ($marker==0xda and not $wantTrailer and not $md5) or
+            $marker==0x93))
+        {
             # read up to next marker (JPEG markers begin with 0xff)
             my $buff;
             $raf->ReadLine($buff) or last;
@@ -6415,6 +6520,19 @@ sub ProcessJPEG($$)
                 $nextSegPos = $raf->Tell();
                 $len -= 4;  # subtract size of length word
                 last unless $raf->Seek($len, 1);
+            } elsif ($md5 and defined $marker and ($marker == 0x00 or $marker == 0xda or
+                ($marker >= 0xd0 and $marker <= 0xd7)))
+            {
+                # calculate MD5 for image data (includes leading ff d9 but not trailing ff da)
+                $md5->add("\xff" . chr($marker));
+                my $n = $skipped - (length($buff) - 1); # number of extra 0xff's
+                if (not $n) {
+                    $buff = substr($buff, 0, -1);       # remove trailing 0xff
+                } elsif ($n > 1) {
+                    $buff .= "\xff" x ($n - 1);         # add back extra 0xff's
+                }
+                $md5->add($buff);
+                $md5size += $skipped + 2;
             }
             # read second segment too if this was the first
             next unless defined $marker;
@@ -6625,7 +6743,7 @@ sub ProcessJPEG($$)
                 next if $trailInfo or $wantTrailer or $verbose > 2 or $htmlDump;
             }
             # must scan to EOI if Validate or JpegCompressionFactor used
-            next if $$options{Validate} or $calcImageLen or $$req{trailer};
+            next if $$options{Validate} or $calcImageLen or $$req{trailer} or $md5;
             # nothing interesting to parse after start of scan (SOS)
             $success = 1;
             last;   # all done parsing file
@@ -6707,7 +6825,7 @@ sub ProcessJPEG($$)
         } elsif ($marker == 0xe1) {         # APP1 (EXIF, XMP, QVCI, PARROT)
             # (some Kodak cameras don't put a second "\0", and I have seen an
             #  example where there was a second 4-byte APP1 segment header)
-            if ($$segDataPt =~ /^(.{0,4})Exif\0/is) {
+            if ($$segDataPt =~ /^(.{0,4})Exif\0./is) {
                 undef $dumpType;    # (will be dumped here)
                 # this is EXIF data --
                 # get the data block (into a common variable)
@@ -7008,7 +7126,7 @@ sub ProcessJPEG($$)
                 $self->FoundTag('PreviewImage', $preview);
                 undef $preview;
             }
-        } elsif ($marker == 0xe4) {         # APP4 (InfiRay, "SCALADO", FPXR, PreviewImage)
+        } elsif ($marker == 0xe4) {         # APP4 (InfiRay, "SCALADO", FPXR, DJI, PreviewImage)
             if ($$segDataPt =~ /^SCALADO\0/ and $length >= 16) {
                 $dumpType = 'SCALADO';
                 my ($num, $idx, $len) = unpack('x8n2N', $$segDataPt);
@@ -7039,6 +7157,16 @@ sub ProcessJPEG($$)
                 DirStart(\%dirInfo, 0, 0);
                 my $tagTablePtr = GetTagTable('Image::ExifTool::DJI::ThermalParams');
                 $self->ProcessDirectory(\%dirInfo, $tagTablePtr);
+            } elsif ($$self{Make} eq 'DJI' and $$segDataPt =~ /^(.{32})?.{32}\x2c\x01\x20\0/s) {
+                $dumpType = 'DJI ThermalParams2';
+                DirStart(\%dirInfo, $1 ? 32 : 0, 0);
+                my $tagTablePtr = GetTagTable('Image::ExifTool::DJI::ThermalParams2');
+                $self->ProcessDirectory(\%dirInfo, $tagTablePtr);
+            } elsif ($$self{Make} eq 'DJI' and $$segDataPt =~ /^.{32}\xaa\x55\x38\0/s) {
+                $dumpType = 'DJI ThermalParams3';
+                DirStart(\%dirInfo, 32, 0);
+                my $tagTablePtr = GetTagTable('Image::ExifTool::DJI::ThermalParams3');
+                $self->ProcessDirectory(\%dirInfo, $tagTablePtr);
             } elsif ($$self{HasIJPEG} and $length >= 120) {
                 $dumpType = 'InfiRay Factory';
                 SetByteOrder('II');
@@ -7152,6 +7280,13 @@ sub ProcessJPEG($$)
                 $self->ProcessDirectory(\%dirInfo, $tagTablePtr);
                 delete $$self{SET_GROUP0};
                 delete $$self{SET_GROUP1};
+            } elsif ($$segDataPt =~ /^DJI-DBG\0/) {
+                $dumpType = 'DJI Info';
+                my $tagTablePtr = GetTagTable('Image::ExifTool::DJI::Info');
+                DirStart(\%dirInfo, 8, 0);
+                $$self{SET_GROUP0} = 'APP7';
+                $self->ProcessDirectory(\%dirInfo, $tagTablePtr);
+                delete $$self{SET_GROUP0};
             } elsif ($$segDataPt =~ /^\x1aQualcomm Camera Attributes/) {
                 # found in HP iPAQ_VoiceMessenger
                 $dumpType = 'Qualcomm';
@@ -7412,6 +7547,8 @@ sub ProcessJPEG($$)
             delete $extendedXMP{$guid};
         }
     }
+    # print verbose MD5 message if necessary
+    print $out "$$self{INDENT}(ImageDataMD5: $md5size bytes of JPEG image data)\n" if $md5size and $verbose;
     # calculate JPEGDigest if requested
     if (@dqt) {
         require Image::ExifTool::JPEGDigest;
@@ -7680,7 +7817,7 @@ sub DoProcessTIFF($$;$)
            }
         }
         # update FileType if necessary now that we know more about the file
-        if ($$self{DNGVersion} and $$self{VALUE}{FileType} !~ /^(DNG|GPR)$/) {
+        if ($$self{DNGVersion} and $$self{FileType} !~ /^(DNG|GPR)$/) {
             # override whatever FileType we set since we now know it is DNG
             $self->OverrideFileType($$self{TIFF_TYPE} = 'DNG');
         }
@@ -7988,7 +8125,7 @@ sub ProcessDirectory($$$;$)
             # patch for bug in Windows phone 7.5 O/S that writes incorrect InteropIFD pointer
             return 0 unless $dirName eq 'GPS' and $$self{PROCESSED}{$addr} eq 'InteropIFD';
         }
-        $$self{PROCESSED}{$addr} = $dirName;
+        $$self{PROCESSED}{$addr} = $dirName unless $$tagTablePtr{VARS} and $$tagTablePtr{VARS}{ALLOW_REPROCESS};
     }
     my $oldOrder = GetByteOrder();
     my @save = @$self{'INDENT','DIR_NAME','Compression','SubfileType'};
@@ -8566,7 +8703,7 @@ sub DoEscape($$)
 sub SetFileType($;$$$)
 {
     my ($self, $fileType, $mimeType, $normExt) = @_;
-    unless ($$self{VALUE}{FileType} and not $$self{DOC_NUM}) {
+    unless ($$self{FileType} and not $$self{DOC_NUM}) {
         my $baseType = $$self{FILE_TYPE};
         my $ext = $$self{FILE_EXT};
         $fileType or $fileType = $baseType;
@@ -8585,7 +8722,8 @@ sub SetFileType($;$$$)
             $normExt = $fileTypeExt{$fileType};
             $normExt = $fileType unless defined $normExt;
         }
-        $$self{FileType} = $fileType;
+        # ($$self{FileType} is the file type of the main document)
+        $$self{FileType} = $fileType unless $$self{DOC_NUM};
         $self->FoundTag('FileType', $fileType);
         $self->FoundTag('FileTypeExtension', uc $normExt);
         $self->FoundTag('MIMEType', $mimeType || 'application/unknown');
@@ -8749,13 +8887,16 @@ sub ProcessBinaryData($$$)
 {
     my ($self, $dirInfo, $tagTablePtr) = @_;
     my $dataPt = $$dirInfo{DataPt};
-    my $offset = $$dirInfo{DirStart} || 0;
-    my $size = $$dirInfo{DirLen} || (length($$dataPt) - $offset);
+    my $dataLen = length $$dataPt;
+    my $dirStart = $$dirInfo{DirStart} || 0;
+    my $maxLen = $dataLen - $dirStart;
+    my $size = $$dirInfo{DirLen};
     my $base = $$dirInfo{Base} || 0;
     my $verbose = $$self{OPTIONS}{Verbose};
     my $unknown = $$self{OPTIONS}{Unknown};
     my $dataPos = $$dirInfo{DataPos} || 0;
 
+    $size = $maxLen if not defined $size or $size > $maxLen;
     # get default format ('int8u' unless specified)
     my $defaultFormat = $$tagTablePtr{FORMAT} || 'int8u';
     my $increment = $formatSize{$defaultFormat};
@@ -8797,6 +8938,7 @@ sub ProcessBinaryData($$$)
             $tagInfo = $self->GetTagInfo($tagTablePtr, $index);
             unless ($tagInfo) {
                 next unless defined $tagInfo;
+                # $entry = offset of value relative to directory start (or end if negative)
                 my $entry = int($index) * $increment + $varSize;
                 if ($entry < 0) {
                     $entry += $size;
@@ -8805,7 +8947,7 @@ sub ProcessBinaryData($$$)
                 next if $entry >= $size;
                 my $more = $size - $entry;
                 $more = 128 if $more > 128;
-                my $v = substr($$dataPt, $entry+$offset, $more);
+                my $v = substr($$dataPt, $entry+$dirStart, $more);
                 $tagInfo = $self->GetTagInfo($tagTablePtr, $index, \$v);
                 next unless $tagInfo;
             }
@@ -8838,7 +8980,7 @@ sub ProcessBinaryData($$$)
             $count = $more;
         } elsif ($format eq 'pstring') {
             $format = 'string';
-            $count = Get8u($dataPt, ($entry++)+$offset);
+            $count = Get8u($dataPt, ($entry++)+$dirStart);
             --$more;
         } elsif (not $formatSize{$format}) {
             if ($format =~ /(.*)\[(.*)\]/) {
@@ -8867,17 +9009,17 @@ sub ProcessBinaryData($$$)
             } elsif ($format =~ /^var_/) {
                 # handle variable-length string formats
                 $format = substr($format, 4);
-                pos($$dataPt) = $entry + $offset;
+                pos($$dataPt) = $entry + $dirStart;
                 undef $count;
                 if ($format eq 'ustring') {
-                    $count = pos($$dataPt) - ($entry+$offset) if $$dataPt =~ /\G(..)*?\0\0/sg;
+                    $count = pos($$dataPt) - ($entry+$dirStart) if $$dataPt =~ /\G(..)*?\0\0/sg;
                     $varSize -= 2;  # ($count includes base size of 2 bytes)
                 } elsif ($format eq 'pstring') {
-                    $count = Get8u($dataPt, ($entry++)+$offset);
+                    $count = Get8u($dataPt, ($entry++)+$dirStart);
                     --$more;
                 } elsif ($format eq 'pstr32' or $format eq 'ustr32') {
                     last if $more < 4;
-                    $count = Get32u($dataPt, $entry + $offset);
+                    $count = Get32u($dataPt, $entry + $dirStart);
                     $count *= 2 if $format eq 'ustr32';
                     $entry += 4;
                     $more -= 4;
@@ -8885,22 +9027,22 @@ sub ProcessBinaryData($$$)
                 } elsif ($format eq 'int16u') {
                     # int16u size of binary data to follow
                     last if $more < 2;
-                    $count = Get16u($dataPt, $entry + $offset) + 2;
+                    $count = Get16u($dataPt, $entry + $dirStart) + 2;
                     $varSize -= 2;  # ($count includes size word)
                     $format = 'undef';
                 } elsif ($format eq 'ue7') {
                     require Image::ExifTool::BPG;
-                    ($val, $count) = Image::ExifTool::BPG::Get_ue7($dataPt, $entry + $offset);
+                    ($val, $count) = Image::ExifTool::BPG::Get_ue7($dataPt, $entry + $dirStart);
                     last unless defined $val;
                     --$varSize;     # ($count includes base size of 1 byte)
                 } elsif ($$dataPt =~ /\0/g) {
-                    $count = pos($$dataPt) - ($entry+$offset);
+                    $count = pos($$dataPt) - ($entry+$dirStart);
                     --$varSize;     # ($count includes base size of 1 byte)
                 }
                 $count = $more if not defined $count or $count > $more;
                 $varSize += $count; # shift subsequent indices
                 unless (defined $val) {
-                    $val = substr($$dataPt, $entry+$offset, $count);
+                    $val = substr($$dataPt, $entry+$dirStart, $count);
                     $val = $self->Decode($val, 'UCS2') if $format eq 'ustring' or $format eq 'ustr32';
                     $val =~ s/\0.*//s unless $format eq 'undef';  # truncate at null
                 }
@@ -8914,7 +9056,7 @@ sub ProcessBinaryData($$$)
         # hook to allow format, etc to be set dynamically
         if (defined $$tagInfo{Hook}) {
             my $oldVarSize = $varSize;
-            my $pos = $entry + $offset;
+            my $pos = $entry + $dirStart;
             #### eval Hook ($format, $varSize, $size, $dataPt, $pos)
             eval $$tagInfo{Hook};
             # save variable size data if required for writing (in case changed by Hook)
@@ -8939,7 +9081,7 @@ sub ProcessBinaryData($$$)
         next if $$tagInfo{LargeTag} and $$self{EXCL_TAG_LOOKUP}{lc $$tagInfo{Name}};
         # read value now if necessary
         unless (defined $val and not $$tagInfo{SubDirectory}) {
-            $val = ReadValue($dataPt, $entry+$offset, $format, $count, $more, \$rational);
+            $val = ReadValue($dataPt, $entry+$dirStart, $format, $count, $more, \$rational);
             next unless defined $val;
             $mask = $$tagInfo{Mask};
             $val = ($val & $mask) >> $$tagInfo{BitShift} if $mask;
@@ -8956,8 +9098,8 @@ sub ProcessBinaryData($$$)
                 Value  => $val,
                 DataPt => $dataPt,
                 Size   => $len,
-                Start  => $entry+$offset,
-                Addr   => $entry+$offset+$base+$dataPos,
+                Start  => $entry+$dirStart,
+                Addr   => $entry+$dirStart+$base+$dataPos,
                 Format => $format,
                 Count  => $count,
                 Extra  => $mask ? sprintf(', mask 0x%.2x',$mask) : undef,
@@ -8983,16 +9125,27 @@ sub ProcessBinaryData($$$)
             my $subdirBase = $base;
             if (defined $$subdir{Base}) {
                 #### eval Base ($start,$base)
-                my $start = $entry + $offset + $dataPos;
+                my $start = $entry + $dirStart + $dataPos;
                 $subdirBase = eval($$subdir{Base}) + $base;
             }
             my $start = $$subdir{Start} || 0;
+            if ($start =~ /\$/) {
+                # ignore directories with a zero offset (ie. missing Nikon ShotInfo entries)
+                next unless $val;
+                #### eval Start ($val, $dirStart)
+                $start = eval($start);
+                next if $start < $dirStart or $start > $dataLen;
+                $len = $$subdir{DirLen};
+                $len = $dataLen - $start unless $len and $len <= $dataLen - $start;
+            } else {
+                $start += $dirStart + $entry;
+            }
             my %subdirInfo = (
                 DataPt   => $dataPt,
                 DataPos  => $dataPos,
-                DataLen  => length $$dataPt,
-                DirStart => $entry + $offset + $start,
-                DirLen   => $len - $start,
+                DataLen  => $dataLen,
+                DirStart => $start,
+                DirLen   => $len,
                 Base     => $subdirBase,
             );
             delete $$self{NO_UNKNOWN};

package/bin/exiftool_files/lib/Image/ExifTool.pod

@@ -1727,10 +1727,11 @@ sensitive, and may be prefixed by one or more family 0, 1, 2 or 7 group
 names with optional leading family numbers, separated by colons (eg.
 'exif:iso'). A leading '-' indicates tags to be excluded (eg. '-comment'),
 or a trailing '#' causes the ValueConv value to be copied (same as setting
-the Type option to 'ValueConv' for this tag only).  Wildcards ('*' and '?')
-may be used in the tag name.  A tag name of '*' is commonly used when a
-group is specified to copy all tags in the group (eg. 'XMP:*').  A special
-feature allows tag names of the form 'DSTTAGE<lt>SRCTAG' (or
+the Type option to 'ValueConv' for this tag only).  A leading '+' sets the
+Replace option to 0 on a per-tag basis (see Options below).  Wildcards ('*'
+and '?') may be used in the tag name.  A tag name of '*' is commonly used
+when a group is specified to copy all tags in the group (eg. 'XMP:*').  A
+special feature allows tag names of the form 'DSTTAGE<lt>SRCTAG' (or
 'SRCTAGE<gt>DSTTAG') to be specified to copy information to a tag with a
 different name or a specified group.  Both 'SRCTAG' and 'DSTTAG' may contain
 wildcards and/or be prefixed by a group name (eg.
@@ -1769,7 +1770,9 @@ copies all information while preserving the original family 1 groups, while
 The options are the same was for L</SetNewValue>, and are passed directly
 to L</SetNewValue> internally, with a few exceptions:
 
-- The Replace option defaults to 1 instead of 0 as with L</SetNewValue>.
+- The Replace option defaults to 1 instead of 0 as with L</SetNewValue>,
+however the tag name argument may be prefixed with '+' to set the Replace
+option to 0 for this argument only.
 
 - The AddValue or DelValue option is set for individual tags if '+>' or '->'
 (or '+E<lt>' or '-E<lt>') are used.
@@ -1870,6 +1873,31 @@ None.
 
 =back
 
+=head2 SetAlternateFile
+
+Specify alternate file from which to read metadata.  Tags from the alternate
+file are available after L</ExtractInfo> is called or during a call to
+L</SetNewValuesFromFile> by using a family 8 group name (eg. 'File1' in the
+example below).
+
+    $exifTool->SetAlternateFile(File1 => 'images/test1.jpg');
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Inputs:
+
+0) ExifTool object reference
+
+1) Family 8 group name, case insensitive (eg. 'File1', 'File2'...)
+
+2) Name of alternate input file, or undef to reset
+
+=item Return Values:
+
+1 on success, or 0 if the group name is invalid.
+
+=back
+
 =head2 SetFileModifyDate
 
 Write the filesystem modification or creation time from the new value of the
@@ -2088,6 +2116,7 @@ The group family numbers are currently available:
     5) Metadata Path            (eg. JPEG-APP1-IFD0-ExifIFD)
     6) EXIF/TIFF Format         (eg. int8u, int32u, undef, string)
     7) Tag ID                   (eg. ID-271, ID-rights, ID-a9aut)
+    8) Alternate File Number    (eg. File1, File2, File3...)
 
 Families 0 and 1 are based on the file structure, and are similar except
 that family 1 is more specific and sub-divides some groups to give more
@@ -2140,6 +2169,8 @@ non-numerical ID's may or may not have characters other than [-_A-Za-z0-9]
 converted to hex.  Note that unlike other group names, the tag ID's of
 family 7 group names are case sensitive (but the leading "ID-" is not).
 
+Family 8 specifies the alternate file set from a call to L</SetAlternateFile>.
+
 See L</GetAllGroups [static]> for complete lists of group names.
 
 =back
@@ -2327,9 +2358,9 @@ CBOR, CIFF, CameraIFD, Canon, CanonCustom, CanonDR4, CanonRaw, CanonVRD,
 Casio, Chapter#, Composite, DICOM, DJI, DNG, DV, DjVu, DjVu-Meta, Ducky,
 EPPIM, EXE, EXIF, ExifIFD, ExifTool, FITS, FLAC, FLIR, File, Flash,
 FlashPix, Font, FotoStation, FujiFilm, FujiIFD, GE, GIF, GIMP, GPS,
-GSpherical, GeoTiff, GlobParamIFD, GoPro, GraphConv, H264, HP, HTC, HTML,
-HTML-dc, HTML-ncc, HTML-office, HTML-prod, HTML-vw96, HTTP-equiv, ICC-chrm,
-ICC-clrt, ICC-header, ICC-meas, ICC-meta, ICC-view, ICC_Profile,
+GSpherical, Garmin, GeoTiff, GlobParamIFD, GoPro, GraphConv, H264, HP, HTC,
+HTML, HTML-dc, HTML-ncc, HTML-office, HTML-prod, HTML-vw96, HTTP-equiv,
+ICC-chrm, ICC-clrt, ICC-header, ICC-meas, ICC-meta, ICC-view, ICC_Profile,
 ICC_Profile#, ID3, ID3v1, ID3v1_Enh, ID3v2_2, ID3v2_3, ID3v2_4, IFD0, IFD1,
 IPTC, IPTC#, ISO, ITC, InfiRay, Insta360, InteropIFD, ItemList, JFIF, JFXX,
 JPEG, JPEG-HDR, JPS, JSON, JUMBF, JVC, Jpeg2000, KDC_IFD, Keys, Kodak,
@@ -2349,7 +2380,7 @@ RMETA, RSRC, RTF, Radiance, Rawzor, Real, Real-CONT, Real-MDPR, Real-PROP,
 Real-RA3, Real-RA4, Real-RA5, Real-RJMD, Reconyx, Red, Ricoh, SPIFF, SR2,
 SR2DataIFD, SR2SubIFD, SRF#, SVG, Samsung, Sanyo, Scalado, Sigma, SigmaRaw,
 Sony, SonyIDC, Stim, SubIFD, System, Theora, Torrent, Track#, UserData,
-VCalendar, VCard, Version0, VNote, Vorbis, WTV, XML, XMP, XMP-DICOM,
+VCalendar, VCard, VNote, Version0, Vorbis, WTV, XML, XMP, XMP-DICOM,
 XMP-Device, XMP-GAudio, XMP-GCamera, XMP-GCreations, XMP-GDepth, XMP-GFocus,
 XMP-GImage, XMP-GPano, XMP-GSpherical, XMP-LImage, XMP-MP, XMP-MP1,
 XMP-PixelLive, XMP-aas, XMP-acdsee, XMP-album, XMP-apple-fi, XMP-ast,
@@ -2392,6 +2423,10 @@ leading "0x" if the HexTagIDs option is set, or decimal otherwise.
 Characters in non-numerical ID's which are not valid in a group name are
 returned as 2 hex digits.)
 
+=item Family 8 (Alternate File):
+
+File#
+
 =back
 
 Note:  This function may also be called as an ExifTool member function to