entities 4.4.0 → 5.0.0

package/src/decode.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,620 @@
+import htmlDecodeTree from "./generated/decode-data-html.js";
+import xmlDecodeTree from "./generated/decode-data-xml.js";
+import { replaceCodePoint, fromCodePoint } from "./decode-codepoint.js";
+
+const enum CharCodes {
+    NUM = 35, // "#"
+    SEMI = 59, // ";"
+    EQUALS = 61, // "="
+    ZERO = 48, // "0"
+    NINE = 57, // "9"
+    LOWER_A = 97, // "a"
+    LOWER_F = 102, // "f"
+    LOWER_X = 120, // "x"
+    LOWER_Z = 122, // "z"
+    UPPER_A = 65, // "A"
+    UPPER_F = 70, // "F"
+    UPPER_Z = 90, // "Z"
+}
+
+/** Bit that needs to be set to convert an upper case ASCII character to lower case */
+const TO_LOWER_BIT = 0b10_0000;
+
+export enum BinTrieFlags {
+    VALUE_LENGTH = 0b1100_0000_0000_0000,
+    BRANCH_LENGTH = 0b0011_1111_1000_0000,
+    JUMP_TABLE = 0b0000_0000_0111_1111,
+}
+
+function isNumber(code: number): boolean {
+    return code >= CharCodes.ZERO && code <= CharCodes.NINE;
+}
+
+function isHexadecimalCharacter(code: number): boolean {
+    return (
+        (code >= CharCodes.UPPER_A && code <= CharCodes.UPPER_F) ||
+        (code >= CharCodes.LOWER_A && code <= CharCodes.LOWER_F)
+    );
+}
+
+function isAsciiAlphaNumeric(code: number): boolean {
+    return (
+        (code >= CharCodes.UPPER_A && code <= CharCodes.UPPER_Z) ||
+        (code >= CharCodes.LOWER_A && code <= CharCodes.LOWER_Z) ||
+        isNumber(code)
+    );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Checks if the given character is a valid end character for an entity in an attribute.
+ *
+ * Attribute values that aren't terminated properly aren't parsed, and shouldn't lead to a parser error.
+ * See the example in https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/parsing.html#named-character-reference-state
+ */
+function isEntityInAttributeInvalidEnd(code: number): boolean {
+    return code === CharCodes.EQUALS || isAsciiAlphaNumeric(code);
+}
+
+const enum EntityDecoderState {
+    EntityStart,
+    NumericStart,
+    NumericDecimal,
+    NumericHex,
+    NamedEntity,
+}
+
+export enum DecodingMode {
+    /** Entities in text nodes that can end with any character. */
+    Legacy = 0,
+    /** Only allow entities terminated with a semicolon. */
+    Strict = 1,
+    /** Entities in attributes have limitations on ending characters. */
+    Attribute = 2,
+}
+
+/**
+ * Producers for character reference errors as defined in the HTML spec.
+ */
+export interface EntityErrorProducer {
+    missingSemicolonAfterCharacterReference(): void;
+    absenceOfDigitsInNumericCharacterReference(
+        consumedCharacters: number,
+    ): void;
+    validateNumericCharacterReference(code: number): void;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Token decoder with support of writing partial entities.
+ */
+export class EntityDecoder {
+    constructor(
+        /** The tree used to decode entities. */
+        private readonly decodeTree: Uint16Array,
+        /**
+         * The function that is called when a codepoint is decoded.
+         *
+         * For multi-byte named entities, this will be called multiple times,
+         * with the second codepoint, and the same `consumed` value.
+         *
+         * @param codepoint The decoded codepoint.
+         * @param consumed The number of bytes consumed by the decoder.
+         */
+        private readonly emitCodePoint: (cp: number, consumed: number) => void,
+        /** An object that is used to produce errors. */
+        private readonly errors?: EntityErrorProducer,
+    ) {}
+
+    /** The current state of the decoder. */
+    private state = EntityDecoderState.EntityStart;
+    /** Characters that were consumed while parsing an entity. */
+    private consumed = 1;
+    /**
+     * The result of the entity.
+     *
+     * Either the result index of a numeric entity, or the codepoint of a
+     * numeric entity.
+     */
+    private result = 0;
+
+    /** The current index in the decode tree. */
+    private treeIndex = 0;
+    /** The number of characters that were consumed in excess. */
+    private excess = 1;
+    /** The mode in which the decoder is operating. */
+    private decodeMode = DecodingMode.Strict;
+
+    /** Resets the instance to make it reusable. */
+    startEntity(decodeMode: DecodingMode): void {
+        this.decodeMode = decodeMode;
+        this.state = EntityDecoderState.EntityStart;
+        this.result = 0;
+        this.treeIndex = 0;
+        this.excess = 1;
+        this.consumed = 1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Write an entity to the decoder. This can be called multiple times with partial entities.
+     * If the entity is incomplete, the decoder will return -1.
+     *
+     * Mirrors the implementation of `getDecoder`, but with the ability to stop decoding if the
+     * entity is incomplete, and resume when the next string is written.
+     *
+     * @param input The string containing the entity (or a continuation of the entity).
+     * @param offset The offset at which the entity begins. Should be 0 if this is not the first call.
+     * @returns The number of characters that were consumed, or -1 if the entity is incomplete.
+     */
+    write(input: string, offset: number): number {
+        switch (this.state) {
+            case EntityDecoderState.EntityStart: {
+                if (input.charCodeAt(offset) === CharCodes.NUM) {
+                    this.state = EntityDecoderState.NumericStart;
+                    this.consumed += 1;
+                    return this.stateNumericStart(input, offset + 1);
+                }
+                this.state = EntityDecoderState.NamedEntity;
+                return this.stateNamedEntity(input, offset);
+            }
+
+            case EntityDecoderState.NumericStart: {
+                return this.stateNumericStart(input, offset);
+            }
+
+            case EntityDecoderState.NumericDecimal: {
+                return this.stateNumericDecimal(input, offset);
+            }
+
+            case EntityDecoderState.NumericHex: {
+                return this.stateNumericHex(input, offset);
+            }
+
+            case EntityDecoderState.NamedEntity: {
+                return this.stateNamedEntity(input, offset);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Switches between the numeric decimal and hexadecimal states.
+     *
+     * Equivalent to the `Numeric character reference state` in the HTML spec.
+     *
+     * @param input The string containing the entity (or a continuation of the entity).
+     * @param offset The current offset.
+     * @returns The number of characters that were consumed, or -1 if the entity is incomplete.
+     */
+    private stateNumericStart(input: string, offset: number): number {
+        if (offset >= input.length) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        if ((input.charCodeAt(offset) | TO_LOWER_BIT) === CharCodes.LOWER_X) {
+            this.state = EntityDecoderState.NumericHex;
+            this.consumed += 1;
+            return this.stateNumericHex(input, offset + 1);
+        }
+
+        this.state = EntityDecoderState.NumericDecimal;
+        return this.stateNumericDecimal(input, offset);
+    }
+
+    private addToNumericResult(
+        input: string,
+        start: number,
+        end: number,
+        base: number,
+    ): void {
+        if (start !== end) {
+            const digitCount = end - start;
+            this.result =
+                this.result * Math.pow(base, digitCount) +
+                Number.parseInt(input.substr(start, digitCount), base);
+            this.consumed += digitCount;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parses a hexadecimal numeric entity.
+     *
+     * Equivalent to the `Hexademical character reference state` in the HTML spec.
+     *
+     * @param input The string containing the entity (or a continuation of the entity).
+     * @param offset The current offset.
+     * @returns The number of characters that were consumed, or -1 if the entity is incomplete.
+     */
+    private stateNumericHex(input: string, offset: number): number {
+        const startIndex = offset;
+
+        while (offset < input.length) {
+            const char = input.charCodeAt(offset);
+            if (isNumber(char) || isHexadecimalCharacter(char)) {
+                offset += 1;
+            } else {
+                this.addToNumericResult(input, startIndex, offset, 16);
+                return this.emitNumericEntity(char, 3);
+            }
+        }
+
+        this.addToNumericResult(input, startIndex, offset, 16);
+
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parses a decimal numeric entity.
+     *
+     * Equivalent to the `Decimal character reference state` in the HTML spec.
+     *
+     * @param input The string containing the entity (or a continuation of the entity).
+     * @param offset The current offset.
+     * @returns The number of characters that were consumed, or -1 if the entity is incomplete.
+     */
+    private stateNumericDecimal(input: string, offset: number): number {
+        const startIndex = offset;
+
+        while (offset < input.length) {
+            const char = input.charCodeAt(offset);
+            if (isNumber(char)) {
+                offset += 1;
+            } else {
+                this.addToNumericResult(input, startIndex, offset, 10);
+                return this.emitNumericEntity(char, 2);
+            }
+        }
+
+        this.addToNumericResult(input, startIndex, offset, 10);
+
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Validate and emit a numeric entity.
+     *
+     * Implements the logic from the `Hexademical character reference start
+     * state` and `Numeric character reference end state` in the HTML spec.
+     *
+     * @param lastCp The last code point of the entity. Used to see if the
+     *               entity was terminated with a semicolon.
+     * @param expectedLength The minimum number of characters that should be
+     *                       consumed. Used to validate that at least one digit
+     *                       was consumed.
+     * @returns The number of characters that were consumed.
+     */
+    private emitNumericEntity(lastCp: number, expectedLength: number): number {
+        // Ensure we consumed at least one digit.
+        if (this.consumed <= expectedLength) {
+            this.errors?.absenceOfDigitsInNumericCharacterReference(
+                this.consumed,
+            );
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        // Figure out if this is a legit end of the entity
+        if (lastCp === CharCodes.SEMI) {
+            this.consumed += 1;
+        } else if (this.decodeMode === DecodingMode.Strict) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        this.emitCodePoint(replaceCodePoint(this.result), this.consumed);
+
+        if (this.errors) {
+            if (lastCp !== CharCodes.SEMI) {
+                this.errors.missingSemicolonAfterCharacterReference();
+            }
+
+            this.errors.validateNumericCharacterReference(this.result);
+        }
+
+        return this.consumed;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parses a named entity.
+     *
+     * Equivalent to the `Named character reference state` in the HTML spec.
+     *
+     * @param input The string containing the entity (or a continuation of the entity).
+     * @param offset The current offset.
+     * @returns The number of characters that were consumed, or -1 if the entity is incomplete.
+     */
+    private stateNamedEntity(input: string, offset: number): number {
+        const { decodeTree } = this;
+        let current = decodeTree[this.treeIndex];
+        // The mask is the number of bytes of the value, including the current byte.
+        let valueLength = (current & BinTrieFlags.VALUE_LENGTH) >> 14;
+
+        for (; offset < input.length; offset++, this.excess++) {
+            const char = input.charCodeAt(offset);
+
+            this.treeIndex = determineBranch(
+                decodeTree,
+                current,
+                this.treeIndex + Math.max(1, valueLength),
+                char,
+            );
+
+            if (this.treeIndex < 0) {
+                return this.result === 0 ||
+                    // If we are parsing an attribute
+                    (this.decodeMode === DecodingMode.Attribute &&
+                        // We shouldn't have consumed any characters after the entity,
+                        (valueLength === 0 ||
+                            // And there should be no invalid characters.
+                            isEntityInAttributeInvalidEnd(char)))
+                    ? 0
+                    : this.emitNotTerminatedNamedEntity();
+            }
+
+            current = decodeTree[this.treeIndex];
+            valueLength = (current & BinTrieFlags.VALUE_LENGTH) >> 14;
+
+            // If the branch is a value, store it and continue
+            if (valueLength !== 0) {
+                // If the entity is terminated by a semicolon, we are done.
+                if (char === CharCodes.SEMI) {
+                    return this.emitNamedEntityData(
+                        this.treeIndex,
+                        valueLength,
+                        this.consumed + this.excess,
+                    );
+                }
+
+                // If we encounter a non-terminated (legacy) entity while parsing strictly, then ignore it.
+                if (this.decodeMode !== DecodingMode.Strict) {
+                    this.result = this.treeIndex;
+                    this.consumed += this.excess;
+                    this.excess = 0;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Emit a named entity that was not terminated with a semicolon.
+     *
+     * @returns The number of characters consumed.
+     */
+    private emitNotTerminatedNamedEntity(): number {
+        const { result, decodeTree } = this;
+
+        const valueLength =
+            (decodeTree[result] & BinTrieFlags.VALUE_LENGTH) >> 14;
+
+        this.emitNamedEntityData(result, valueLength, this.consumed);
+        this.errors?.missingSemicolonAfterCharacterReference();
+
+        return this.consumed;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Emit a named entity.
+     *
+     * @param result The index of the entity in the decode tree.
+     * @param valueLength The number of bytes in the entity.
+     * @param consumed The number of characters consumed.
+     *
+     * @returns The number of characters consumed.
+     */
+    private emitNamedEntityData(
+        result: number,
+        valueLength: number,
+        consumed: number,
+    ): number {
+        const { decodeTree } = this;
+
+        this.emitCodePoint(
+            valueLength === 1
+                ? decodeTree[result] & ~BinTrieFlags.VALUE_LENGTH
+                : decodeTree[result + 1],
+            consumed,
+        );
+        if (valueLength === 3) {
+            // For multi-byte values, we need to emit the second byte.
+            this.emitCodePoint(decodeTree[result + 2], consumed);
+        }
+
+        return consumed;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Signal to the parser that the end of the input was reached.
+     *
+     * Remaining data will be emitted and relevant errors will be produced.
+     *
+     * @returns The number of characters consumed.
+     */
+    end(): number {
+        switch (this.state) {
+            case EntityDecoderState.NamedEntity: {
+                // Emit a named entity if we have one.
+                return this.result !== 0 &&
+                    (this.decodeMode !== DecodingMode.Attribute ||
+                        this.result === this.treeIndex)
+                    ? this.emitNotTerminatedNamedEntity()
+                    : 0;
+            }
+            // Otherwise, emit a numeric entity if we have one.
+            case EntityDecoderState.NumericDecimal: {
+                return this.emitNumericEntity(0, 2);
+            }
+            case EntityDecoderState.NumericHex: {
+                return this.emitNumericEntity(0, 3);
+            }
+            case EntityDecoderState.NumericStart: {
+                this.errors?.absenceOfDigitsInNumericCharacterReference(
+                    this.consumed,
+                );
+                return 0;
+            }
+            case EntityDecoderState.EntityStart: {
+                // Return 0 if we have no entity.
+                return 0;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Creates a function that decodes entities in a string.
+ *
+ * @param decodeTree The decode tree.
+ * @returns A function that decodes entities in a string.
+ */
+function getDecoder(decodeTree: Uint16Array) {
+    let returnValue = "";
+    const decoder = new EntityDecoder(
+        decodeTree,
+        (data) => (returnValue += fromCodePoint(data)),
+    );
+
+    return function decodeWithTrie(
+        input: string,
+        decodeMode: DecodingMode,
+    ): string {
+        let lastIndex = 0;
+        let offset = 0;
+
+        while ((offset = input.indexOf("&", offset)) >= 0) {
+            returnValue += input.slice(lastIndex, offset);
+
+            decoder.startEntity(decodeMode);
+
+            const length = decoder.write(
+                input,
+                // Skip the "&"
+                offset + 1,
+            );
+
+            if (length < 0) {
+                lastIndex = offset + decoder.end();
+                break;
+            }
+
+            lastIndex = offset + length;
+            // If `length` is 0, skip the current `&` and continue.
+            offset = length === 0 ? lastIndex + 1 : lastIndex;
+        }
+
+        const result = returnValue + input.slice(lastIndex);
+
+        // Make sure we don't keep a reference to the final string.
+        returnValue = "";
+
+        return result;
+    };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Determines the branch of the current node that is taken given the current
+ * character. This function is used to traverse the trie.
+ *
+ * @param decodeTree The trie.
+ * @param current The current node.
+ * @param nodeIdx The index right after the current node and its value.
+ * @param char The current character.
+ * @returns The index of the next node, or -1 if no branch is taken.
+ */
+export function determineBranch(
+    decodeTree: Uint16Array,
+    current: number,
+    nodeIndex: number,
+    char: number,
+): number {
+    const branchCount = (current & BinTrieFlags.BRANCH_LENGTH) >> 7;
+    const jumpOffset = current & BinTrieFlags.JUMP_TABLE;
+
+    // Case 1: Single branch encoded in jump offset
+    if (branchCount === 0) {
+        return jumpOffset !== 0 && char === jumpOffset ? nodeIndex : -1;
+    }
+
+    // Case 2: Multiple branches encoded in jump table
+    if (jumpOffset) {
+        const value = char - jumpOffset;
+
+        return value < 0 || value >= branchCount
+            ? -1
+            : decodeTree[nodeIndex + value] - 1;
+    }
+
+    // Case 3: Multiple branches encoded in dictionary
+
+    // Binary search for the character.
+    let lo = nodeIndex;
+    let hi = lo + branchCount - 1;
+
+    while (lo <= hi) {
+        const mid = (lo + hi) >>> 1;
+        const midValue = decodeTree[mid];
+
+        if (midValue < char) {
+            lo = mid + 1;
+        } else if (midValue > char) {
+            hi = mid - 1;
+        } else {
+            return decodeTree[mid + branchCount];
+        }
+    }
+
+    return -1;
+}
+
+const htmlDecoder = getDecoder(htmlDecodeTree);
+const xmlDecoder = getDecoder(xmlDecodeTree);
+
+/**
+ * Decodes an HTML string.
+ *
+ * @param htmlString The string to decode.
+ * @param mode The decoding mode.
+ * @returns The decoded string.
+ */
+export function decodeHTML(
+    htmlString: string,
+    mode = DecodingMode.Legacy,
+): string {
+    return htmlDecoder(htmlString, mode);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Decodes an HTML string in an attribute.
+ *
+ * @param htmlAttribute The string to decode.
+ * @returns The decoded string.
+ */
+export function decodeHTMLAttribute(htmlAttribute: string): string {
+    return htmlDecoder(htmlAttribute, DecodingMode.Attribute);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Decodes an HTML string, requiring all entities to be terminated by a semicolon.
+ *
+ * @param htmlString The string to decode.
+ * @returns The decoded string.
+ */
+export function decodeHTMLStrict(htmlString: string): string {
+    return htmlDecoder(htmlString, DecodingMode.Strict);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Decodes an XML string, requiring all entities to be terminated by a semicolon.
+ *
+ * @param xmlString The string to decode.
+ * @returns The decoded string.
+ */
+export function decodeXML(xmlString: string): string {
+    return xmlDecoder(xmlString, DecodingMode.Strict);
+}
+
+// Re-export for use by eg. htmlparser2
+export { default as htmlDecodeTree } from "./generated/decode-data-html.js";
+export { default as xmlDecodeTree } from "./generated/decode-data-xml.js";
+
+export {
+    default as decodeCodePoint,
+    replaceCodePoint,
+    fromCodePoint,
+} from "./decode-codepoint.js";

package/src/encode.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+import { describe, it, expect } from "vitest";
+import * as entities from "./index.js";
+
+describe("Encode->decode test", () => {
+    const testcases = [
+        {
+            input: "asdf & ÿ ü '",
+            xml: "asdf & ÿ ü '",
+            html: "asdf & ÿ ü '",
+        },
+        {
+            input: "&",
+            xml: "&",
+            html: "&",
+        },
+    ];
+
+    for (const { input, xml, html } of testcases) {
+        const encodedXML = entities.encodeXML(input);
+        it(`should XML encode ${input}`, () => expect(encodedXML).toBe(xml));
+        it(`should default to XML encode ${input}`, () =>
+            expect(entities.encode(input)).toBe(xml));
+        it(`should XML decode ${encodedXML}`, () =>
+            expect(entities.decodeXML(encodedXML)).toBe(input));
+        it(`should default to XML encode ${encodedXML}`, () =>
+            expect(entities.decode(encodedXML)).toBe(input));
+        it(`should default strict to XML encode ${encodedXML}`, () =>
+            expect(entities.decodeStrict(encodedXML)).toBe(input));
+
+        const encodedHTML5 = entities.encodeHTML5(input);
+        it(`should HTML5 encode ${input}`, () =>
+            expect(encodedHTML5).toBe(html));
+        it(`should HTML5 decode ${encodedHTML5}`, () =>
+            expect(entities.decodeHTML(encodedHTML5)).toBe(input));
+        it("should encode emojis", () =>
+            expect(entities.encodeHTML5("😄🍾🥳💥😇")).toBe(
+                "😄🍾🥳💥😇",
+            ));
+    }
+
+    it("should encode data URIs (issue #16)", () => {
+        const data =
+            "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAALAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7";
+        expect(entities.decode(entities.encode(data))).toBe(data);
+    });
+
+    it("should HTML encode all ASCII characters", () => {
+        for (let index = 0; index < 128; index++) {
+            const char = String.fromCharCode(index);
+            const encoded = entities.encodeHTML(char);
+            const decoded = entities.decodeHTML(encoded);
+            expect(decoded).toBe(char);
+        }
+    });
+
+    it("should encode trailing parts of entities", () =>
+        expect(entities.encodeHTML("\uD835")).toBe("&#xd835;"));
+
+    it("should encode surrogate pair with first surrogate equivalent of entity, without corresponding entity", () =>
+        expect(entities.encodeHTML("\u{1D4A4}")).toBe("&#x1d4a4;"));
+});
+
+describe("encodeNonAsciiHTML", () => {
+    it("should encode all non-ASCII characters", () =>
+        expect(entities.encodeNonAsciiHTML("<test> #123! übermaßen")).toBe(
+            "&lt;test&gt; #123! &uuml;berma&szlig;en",
+        ));
+
+    it("should encode emojis", () =>
+        expect(entities.encodeNonAsciiHTML("😄🍾🥳💥😇")).toBe(
+            "&#x1f604;&#x1f37e;&#x1f973;&#x1f4a5;&#x1f607;",
+        ));
+
+    it("should encode chars above surrogates", () =>
+        expect(entities.encodeNonAsciiHTML("♒️♓️♈️♉️♊️♋️♌️♍️♎️♏️♐️♑️")).toBe(
+            "&#x2652;&#xfe0f;&#x2653;&#xfe0f;&#x2648;&#xfe0f;&#x2649;&#xfe0f;&#x264a;&#xfe0f;&#x264b;&#xfe0f;&#x264c;&#xfe0f;&#x264d;&#xfe0f;&#x264e;&#xfe0f;&#x264f;&#xfe0f;&#x2650;&#xfe0f;&#x2651;&#xfe0f;",
+        ));
+});