effect 4.0.1 → 4.0.3

package/dist/Schema.js

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
  * generation, formatting, equivalence, optics, and differs derived from schema
  * definitions.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 import * as Arr from "./Array.js";
@@ -30,6 +31,7 @@ import * as HashSet_ from "./HashSet.js";
 import * as Cookies_ from "./http/Cookies.js";
 import * as Headers_ from "./http/Headers.js";
 import * as UrlParams_ from "./http/UrlParams.js";
+import { NodeInspectSymbol } from "./Inspectable.js";
 import * as core from "./internal/core.js";
 import { effectIsExit } from "./internal/effect.js";
 import * as InternalGraph from "./internal/graph.js";
@@ -47,6 +49,8 @@ import * as InternalToJsonSchemaDocument from "./internal/schema/toJsonSchemaDoc
 import * as InternalToRepresentation from "./internal/schema/toRepresentation.js";
 import { isSchemaError as isSchemaErrorInternal, SchemaErrorTypeId } from "./internal/schemaError.js";
 import { getStackTraceLimit, setStackTraceLimit } from "./internal/stackTraceLimit.js";
+import * as Dns_ from "./net/Dns.js";
+import * as Host_ from "./net/Host.js";
 import * as IpInterface_ from "./net/IpInterface.js";
 import * as IpNetwork_ from "./net/IpNetwork.js";
 import * as NetAddress_ from "./net/NetAddress.js";
@@ -118,6 +122,7 @@ const TypeId = InternalMake.TypeId;
  * Effect.runSync(Schema.decodeUnknownEffect(schema)({ value: 1 })) // => { value: 1 }
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -155,6 +160,7 @@ export function declareConstructor() {
  *
  * @see {@link declareConstructor} for creating schemas for parametric types.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -187,6 +193,7 @@ export function declare(is, annotations) {
  * type E = typeof bottom["Encoded"]  // string
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category utility types
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -219,6 +226,7 @@ export function revealBottom(bottom) {
  *
  * @see {@link annotateEncoded} to annotate the encoded side instead.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category annotations
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -251,6 +259,7 @@ export function annotate(annotations) {
  *
  * @see {@link annotate} to annotate the type side instead.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category annotations
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -285,6 +294,7 @@ export function annotateEncoded(annotations) {
  * schema.fields.username.ast.context?.annotations?.messageMissingKey // => "Username is required"
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category annotations
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -315,6 +325,7 @@ export function annotateKey(annotations) {
  * type Enc = typeof codec["Encoded"] // string
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category utility types
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -348,6 +359,7 @@ export function revealCodec(codec) {
  * ```
  *
  * @see {@link isSchemaError} for narrowing unknown values
+ * @stability stable
  * @category errors
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -367,6 +379,15 @@ export class SchemaError extends /*#__PURE__*/Data.TaggedError("SchemaError") {
   get message() {
     return SchemaIssue.defaultFormatter(this.issue);
   }
+  toJSON() {
+    return {
+      _tag: this._tag,
+      message: this.message
+    };
+  }
+  [NodeInspectSymbol]() {
+    return this.toJSON();
+  }
   toString() {
     return `SchemaError(${this.message})`;
   }
@@ -388,6 +409,7 @@ export class SchemaError extends /*#__PURE__*/Data.TaggedError("SchemaError") {
  * Schema.isSchemaError(error) // => true
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category guards
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -500,6 +522,7 @@ function runSchemaErrorSync(self) {
  * invalidResult.issues?.map((issue) => issue.path) // => [["name"], ["age"]]
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category converting
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -513,6 +536,7 @@ export function toStandardSchemaV1(self, options) {
  *
  * https://github.com/standard-schema/standard-schema/pull/134
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category converting
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -553,6 +577,7 @@ export function toStandardJSONSchemaV1(self) {
  * }
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category guards
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -602,6 +627,7 @@ export const is = SchemaParser.is;
  * }
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category guards
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -624,6 +650,7 @@ export const asserts = SchemaParser.asserts;
  *
  * @see {@link SchemaParser.decodeUnknownEffect} for the adapter that fails with `SchemaIssue.Issue` directly
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category decoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -651,6 +678,7 @@ export function decodeUnknownEffect(schema, options) {
  *
  * @see {@link SchemaParser.decodeEffect} for the adapter that fails with `SchemaIssue.Issue` directly
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category decoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -682,6 +710,7 @@ export const decodeEffect = decodeUnknownEffect;
  *
  * @see {@link SchemaParser.decodeUnknownExit} for the adapter whose failure contains `SchemaIssue.Issue` directly
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category decoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -718,6 +747,7 @@ export function decodeUnknownExit(schema, options) {
  *
  * @see {@link SchemaParser.decodeExit} for the adapter whose failure contains `SchemaIssue.Issue` directly
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category decoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -745,6 +775,7 @@ export const decodeExit = decodeUnknownExit;
  * that contain defects, interruptions, or other non-schema reasons throw
  * instead.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category decoding
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -771,6 +802,7 @@ export const decodeUnknownOption = SchemaParser.decodeUnknownOption;
  * that contain defects, interruptions, or other non-schema reasons throw
  * instead.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category decoding
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -801,6 +833,7 @@ export const decodeOption = SchemaParser.decodeOption;
  *
  * @see {@link SchemaParser.decodeUnknownResult} for the adapter that fails with `SchemaIssue.Issue` directly
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category decoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -835,6 +868,7 @@ export function decodeUnknownResult(schema, options) {
  *
  * @see {@link SchemaParser.decodeResult} for the adapter that fails with `SchemaIssue.Issue` directly
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category decoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -863,6 +897,7 @@ export const decodeResult = decodeUnknownResult;
  *
  * @see {@link SchemaParser.decodeUnknownPromise} for the adapter that rejects with an `Error` whose cause is `SchemaIssue.Issue`
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category decoding
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -896,6 +931,7 @@ export function decodeUnknownPromise(schema, options) {
  *
  * @see {@link SchemaParser.decodePromise} for the adapter that rejects with an `Error` whose cause is `SchemaIssue.Issue`
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category decoding
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -934,6 +970,7 @@ export const decodePromise = decodeUnknownPromise;
  *
  * @see {@link SchemaParser.decodeUnknownSync} for the adapter that throws an `Error` whose cause is `SchemaIssue.Issue`
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category decoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -966,6 +1003,7 @@ export function decodeUnknownSync(schema, options) {
  *
  * @see {@link SchemaParser.decodeSync} for the adapter that throws an `Error` whose cause is `SchemaIssue.Issue`
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category decoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -998,6 +1036,7 @@ export const decodeSync = decodeUnknownSync;
  *
  * @see {@link SchemaParser.encodeUnknownEffect} for the adapter that fails with `SchemaIssue.Issue` directly
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category encoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1025,6 +1064,7 @@ export function encodeUnknownEffect(schema, options) {
  *
  * @see {@link SchemaParser.encodeEffect} for the adapter that fails with `SchemaIssue.Issue` directly
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category encoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1055,6 +1095,7 @@ export const encodeEffect = encodeUnknownEffect;
  *
  * @see {@link SchemaParser.encodeUnknownExit} for the adapter whose failure contains `SchemaIssue.Issue` directly
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category encoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1091,6 +1132,7 @@ export function encodeUnknownExit(schema, options) {
  *
  * @see {@link SchemaParser.encodeExit} for the adapter whose failure contains `SchemaIssue.Issue` directly
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category encoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1118,6 +1160,7 @@ export const encodeExit = encodeUnknownExit;
  * that contain defects, interruptions, or other non-schema reasons throw
  * instead.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category encoding
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -1144,6 +1187,7 @@ export const encodeUnknownOption = SchemaParser.encodeUnknownOption;
  * that contain defects, interruptions, or other non-schema reasons throw
  * instead.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category encoding
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -1173,6 +1217,7 @@ export const encodeOption = SchemaParser.encodeOption;
  *
  * @see {@link SchemaParser.encodeUnknownResult} for the adapter that fails with `SchemaIssue.Issue` directly
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category encoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1207,6 +1252,7 @@ export function encodeUnknownResult(schema, options) {
  *
  * @see {@link SchemaParser.encodeResult} for the adapter that fails with `SchemaIssue.Issue` directly
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category encoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1234,6 +1280,7 @@ export const encodeResult = encodeUnknownResult;
  *
  * @see {@link SchemaParser.encodeUnknownPromise} for the adapter that rejects with an `Error` whose cause is `SchemaIssue.Issue`
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category encoding
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -1267,6 +1314,7 @@ export function encodeUnknownPromise(schema, options) {
  *
  * @see {@link SchemaParser.encodePromise} for the adapter that rejects with an `Error` whose cause is `SchemaIssue.Issue`
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category encoding
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -1294,6 +1342,7 @@ export const encodePromise = encodeUnknownPromise;
  *
  * @see {@link SchemaParser.encodeUnknownSync} for the adapter that throws an `Error` whose cause is `SchemaIssue.Issue`
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category encoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1324,6 +1373,7 @@ export function encodeUnknownSync(schema, options) {
  *
  * @see {@link SchemaParser.encodeSync} for the adapter that throws an `Error` whose cause is `SchemaIssue.Issue`
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category encoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1342,6 +1392,7 @@ export const encodeSync = encodeUnknownSync;
  * the bridge between the untyped AST representation and the strongly-typed
  * schema.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -1349,6 +1400,7 @@ export const make = InternalMake.make;
 /**
  * Checks whether a value is a `Schema`.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category guards
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -1374,6 +1426,7 @@ export function isSchema(u) {
  * type Person = typeof schema["Type"]
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category combinators
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1388,6 +1441,7 @@ export const optionalKey = /*#__PURE__*/Struct_.lambda(schema => make(SchemaAST.
  * Use to remove optional-key wrapping from a schema field that was previously
  * wrapped with {@link optionalKey}.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category combinators
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1418,6 +1472,7 @@ export const requiredKey = /*#__PURE__*/Struct_.lambda(self => self.schema);
  * type Person = typeof schema.Type
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category combinators
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -1439,6 +1494,7 @@ export const optional = /*#__PURE__*/Struct_.lambda(self => {
  *
  * This also unwraps the `UndefinedOr` member added by `optional`.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category combinators
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -1447,6 +1503,7 @@ export const required = /*#__PURE__*/Struct_.lambda(self => self.schema.members[
  * Makes a struct field mutable (removes the `readonly` modifier on the property).
  * Use {@link readonlyKey} to reverse.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category combinators
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1461,6 +1518,7 @@ export const mutableKey = /*#__PURE__*/Struct_.lambda(schema => make(SchemaAST.m
  * Use to remove mutable-key wrapping from a schema field that was previously
  * wrapped with {@link mutableKey}.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category combinators
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1469,6 +1527,7 @@ export const readonlyKey = /*#__PURE__*/Struct_.lambda(self => self.schema);
  * Extracts the type-side schema: sets `Encoded` to equal the decoded `Type`,
  * discarding the encoding transformation path.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category transforming
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1479,6 +1538,7 @@ export const toType = /*#__PURE__*/Struct_.lambda(schema => make(SchemaAST.toTyp
  * Extracts the encoded-side schema: sets `Type` to equal the `Encoded`,
  * discarding the decoding transformation path.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category transforming
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1514,6 +1574,7 @@ export function flip(schema) {
  * @see {@link Literals} for a schema that represents a union of literals.
  * @see {@link tag} for a schema that represents a literal value that can be
  * used as a discriminator field in tagged unions and has a constructor default.
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -1564,6 +1625,7 @@ function templateLiteralParts(parts) {
  * ```
  *
  * @see {@link TemplateLiteralParser} for a schema that also parses matched parts into a tuple.
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -1604,6 +1666,7 @@ export function TemplateLiteral(parts) {
  * ```
  *
  * @see {@link TemplateLiteral} for a validation-only version that keeps the string encoded.
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -1634,6 +1697,7 @@ export function TemplateLiteralParser(parts) {
  * Schema.decodeSync(schema)(Direction.Up) // => "Up"
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1645,6 +1709,7 @@ export function Enum(enums) {
 /**
  * Schema for the `never` type. Always fails validation — no value satisfies it.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -1653,6 +1718,7 @@ export const Never = /*#__PURE__*/make(SchemaAST.never);
  * Schema for the `any` type. Accepts any value without validation.
  *
  * @see {@link Unknown} for a safer alternative that uses `unknown`.
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -1666,6 +1732,7 @@ export const Any = /*#__PURE__*/make(SchemaAST.any);
  * TypeScript's `unknown` safety at use sites.
  *
  * @see {@link Any} for the `any` variant.
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -1674,6 +1741,7 @@ export const Unknown = /*#__PURE__*/make(SchemaAST.unknown);
  * Schema for the `null` literal. Validates that the input is strictly `null`.
  *
  * @see {@link NullOr} for a union with another schema.
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -1682,6 +1750,7 @@ export const Null = /*#__PURE__*/make(SchemaAST.null);
  * Schema for the `undefined` literal. Validates that the input is strictly `undefined`.
  *
  * @see {@link UndefinedOr} for a union with another schema.
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -1689,6 +1758,7 @@ export const Undefined = /*#__PURE__*/make(SchemaAST.undefined);
 /**
  * Schema for `string` values. Validates that the input is `typeof` `"string"`.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1724,6 +1794,7 @@ export const String = /*#__PURE__*/make(SchemaAST.string);
  *
  * @see {@link String} for a schema whose type is plain `string`.
  * @see {@link Literals} for the known literals to include in the union.
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1739,6 +1810,7 @@ export const StringForLiteralAutocomplete = String;
  * - Non-finite values are serialized as strings (`"NaN"`, `"Infinity"`, `"-Infinity"`).
  *
  * @see {@link Finite} for a schema that excludes non-finite values.
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1752,6 +1824,7 @@ export const Number = /*#__PURE__*/make(SchemaAST.number);
  *
  * @see {@link BooleanFromBit} for a schema that decodes bit literals `0` or `1` into a boolean
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1760,6 +1833,7 @@ export const Boolean = /*#__PURE__*/make(SchemaAST.boolean);
  * Schema for `symbol` values. Validates that the input is `typeof` `"symbol"`.
  *
  * @see {@link UniqueSymbol} for a schema that matches a specific symbol.
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1774,6 +1848,7 @@ export const Symbol = /*#__PURE__*/make(SchemaAST.symbol);
  *
  * @see {@link BigIntFromString} for parsing string input into a bigint
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1794,6 +1869,7 @@ export const BigInt = /*#__PURE__*/make(SchemaAST.bigInt);
  * as `void`.
  *
  * @see {@link Undefined} for a schema that matches only the exact `undefined` value.
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -1802,6 +1878,7 @@ export const Void = /*#__PURE__*/make(SchemaAST.void);
  * Schema for the `object` type. Validates that the input is a non-null object or function
  * (i.e. `typeof value === "object" && value !== null || typeof value === "function"`).
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1826,6 +1903,7 @@ export const ObjectKeyword = /*#__PURE__*/make(SchemaAST.objectKeyword);
  * ```
  *
  * @see {@link Symbol} for a schema that accepts any symbol.
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1872,6 +1950,7 @@ function makeStruct(ast, fields) {
  * Schema.decodeUnknownSync(Person)({ name: "Alice", age: 30 }) // => { name: "Alice", age: 30 }
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -1903,6 +1982,7 @@ export function Struct(fields) {
  * Schema.decodeSync(schema)({ a: "a", c: 1 }) // => { a: "a", c: 1 }
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category combinators
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1933,6 +2013,7 @@ const canonicalPropertyKey = key => typeof key === "symbol" ? key : globalThis.S
  * Schema.decodeUnknownSync(Encoded)({ full_name: "Alice", age: 30 }) // => { name: "Alice", age: 30 }
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category transforming
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -1990,6 +2071,7 @@ export function encodeKeys(mapping) {
  * alice.fullName // => "Alice Smith"
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category transforming
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -2061,6 +2143,7 @@ export function extendTo(fields, derive) {
  * Schema.decodeUnknownSync(schema)({ a: 1, b: 2 }) // => { a: 1, b: 2 }
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -2095,6 +2178,7 @@ export function Record(key, value) {
  * type T = typeof schema.Type
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -2126,6 +2210,7 @@ function makeTuple(ast, elements) {
  * Schema.decodeUnknownSync(schema)(["hello", 42]) // => ["hello", 42]
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -2157,6 +2242,7 @@ export function Tuple(elements) {
  * Schema.decodeUnknownSync(schema)(["hello", 1, true, false]) // => ["hello", 1, true, false]
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -2187,6 +2273,7 @@ export {
  * Schema.decodeUnknownSync(schema)(["a", "b", "c"]) // => ["a", "b", "c"]
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -2214,6 +2301,7 @@ export function withArrayLengthConstraints(self, minimum, maximum) {
  * Schema.decodeUnknownSync(schema)([1, 2, 3]) // => [1, 2, 3]
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -2243,6 +2331,7 @@ export const NonEmptyArray = /*#__PURE__*/Struct_.lambda(schema => make(new Sche
  * @see {@link Array} for accepting only array input
  * @see {@link NonEmptyArray} for requiring at least one decoded element
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -2266,6 +2355,7 @@ export function ArrayEnsure(schema) {
  * The equivalence used to determine uniqueness is the one provided by
  * `Schema.toEquivalence(item)`.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -2295,6 +2385,7 @@ export function UniqueArray(item) {
  * value // => [1, 2, 3]
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category transforming
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -2331,6 +2422,7 @@ function makeUnion(ast, members) {
  * Schema.decodeUnknownSync(schema)(42) // => 42
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -2350,6 +2442,7 @@ export function Union(members, options) {
  * ```
  *
  * @see {@link Literal} for a schema that represents a single literal.
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -2372,6 +2465,7 @@ export function Literals(literals) {
 /**
  * Creates a union schema of `S | null`.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -2379,6 +2473,7 @@ export const NullOr = /*#__PURE__*/Struct_.lambda(self => Union([self, Null]));
 /**
  * Creates a union schema of `S | undefined`.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -2386,6 +2481,7 @@ export const UndefinedOr = /*#__PURE__*/Struct_.lambda(self => Union([self, Unde
 /**
  * Creates a union schema of `S | null | undefined`.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -2412,6 +2508,7 @@ export const NullishOr = /*#__PURE__*/Struct_.lambda(self => Union([self, Null,
  * Schema.decodeSync(Tree)({ value: 1, children: [] }) // => { value: 1, children: [] }
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -2434,6 +2531,7 @@ export function suspend(f) {
  * Schema.is(AgeSchema)(121) // => false
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category filtering
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -2452,6 +2550,7 @@ export function check(...checks) {
  * names type-level failures before the refinement runs; it does not name the
  * failed refinement itself.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category filtering
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -2481,6 +2580,7 @@ export function refine(refinement, annotations) {
  *
  * @see {@link fromBrand} for applying a Brand constructor's checks along with its branded type
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category branding
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -2506,6 +2606,7 @@ export function brand(identifier) {
  *
  * @see {@link brand} for adding a brand without constructor checks
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category branding
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -2539,6 +2640,7 @@ export function fromBrand(identifier, ctor) {
  * ```
  *
  * @see {@link catchDecoding} for a simpler error-recovery variant
+ * @stability stable
  * @category decoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -2572,6 +2674,7 @@ export function middlewareDecoding(decode) {
  * ```
  *
  * @see {@link catchEncoding} for a simpler error-recovery variant
+ * @stability stable
  * @category encoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -2600,6 +2703,7 @@ export function middlewareEncoding(encode) {
  * ```
  *
  * @see {@link catchDecodingWithContext} to add service requirements to the handler
+ * @stability stable
  * @category error handling
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -2623,6 +2727,7 @@ export function catchDecoding(f) {
  * @see {@link catchDecoding} for recovery handlers that do not require services
  * @see {@link middlewareDecoding} for intercepting or replacing the full decoding pipeline
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category error handling
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -2638,6 +2743,7 @@ export function catchDecodingWithContext(f) {
  * succeeds with a fallback value or re-fails with a (possibly different) issue.
  *
  * @see {@link catchEncodingWithContext} to add service requirements to the handler
+ * @stability stable
  * @category error handling
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -2661,6 +2767,7 @@ export function catchEncoding(f) {
  * @see {@link catchEncoding} for recovery handlers that do not require services
  * @see {@link middlewareEncoding} for intercepting or replacing the full encoding pipeline
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category error handling
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -2734,6 +2841,7 @@ export const BooleanLiterals = /*#__PURE__*/Literals([...TrueLiterals.literals,
  * Schema.decodeUnknownSync(Trimmed)("  hello  ") // => "hello"
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category transforming
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -2770,6 +2878,7 @@ export function encodeTo(to, transformation) {
  * Schema.encodeSync(UpperFromLower)("hello") // => "HELLO"
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category transforming
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -2801,6 +2910,7 @@ export function encode(transformation) {
  * MySchema.make({}).name // => "anonymous"
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -2845,6 +2955,7 @@ function toIssueEffect(self) {
  *
  * @see {@link withDecodingDefault} for the value-level variant (key absent **or** `undefined`)
  * @see {@link withDecodingDefaultTypeKey} for the variant where the default is a `Type` value
+ * @stability stable
  * @category decoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -2876,6 +2987,7 @@ export function withDecodingDefaultKey(defaultValue, options) {
  *
  * @see {@link withDecodingDefaultKey} for the variant where the default is an `Encoded` value
  * @see {@link withDecodingDefaultType} for the value-level variant
+ * @stability stable
  * @category decoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -2919,6 +3031,7 @@ export function withDecodingDefaultTypeKey(defaultValue, options) {
  *
  * @see {@link withDecodingDefaultKey} for the key-level variant (key absent only, not `undefined`)
  * @see {@link withDecodingDefaultType} for the variant where the default is a `Type` value
+ * @stability stable
  * @category decoding
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -2955,6 +3068,7 @@ export function withDecodingDefault(defaultValue, options) {
  *
  * @see {@link withDecodingDefault} for the variant where the default is an `Encoded` value
  * @see {@link withDecodingDefaultTypeKey} for the key-level variant
+ * @stability stable
  * @category decoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -2982,6 +3096,7 @@ export function withDecodingDefaultType(defaultValue, options) {
  *
  * @see {@link tagDefaultOmit} to also omit the tag during encoding
  * @see {@link TaggedStruct} for a shorthand that adds `_tag` automatically
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -3016,6 +3131,7 @@ export function tag(literal) {
  * ```
  *
  * @see {@link tag} for the variant that keeps the tag during encoding
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3068,6 +3184,7 @@ export function tagDefaultOmit(literal) {
  * tagged.fields._tag.schema.literal // => "A"
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -3104,6 +3221,7 @@ export function TaggedStruct(value, fields) {
  * ```
  *
  * @see {@link TaggedUnion} for a shorthand that builds the union from scratch
+ * @stability stable
  * @category combinators
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3116,6 +3234,7 @@ export function toTaggedUnion(tag) {
     const isAnyOf = keys => value => keys.includes(value[tag]);
     walk(self);
     return Object.assign(self, {
+      tag,
       cases,
       discriminants,
       isAnyOf,
@@ -3182,7 +3301,7 @@ export function toTaggedUnion(tag) {
 /**
  * Builds a discriminated union from a record of field sets, one per variant.
  * Each key becomes the `_tag` literal and the value is passed to {@link TaggedStruct}.
- * The result includes `cases`, `guards`, `isAnyOf`, `match`, and `matchOrElse` utilities.
+ * The result includes `tag`, `cases`, `guards`, `isAnyOf`, `match`, and `matchOrElse` utilities.
  *
  * **Example** (Pattern matching a discriminated union)
  *
@@ -3203,6 +3322,7 @@ export function toTaggedUnion(tag) {
  * ```
  *
  * @see {@link toTaggedUnion} to augment an existing union instead
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3216,12 +3336,14 @@ export function TaggedUnion(casesByTag) {
   }
   const union = Union(members);
   const {
+    tag,
     guards,
     isAnyOf,
     match,
     matchOrElse
   } = toTaggedUnion("_tag")(union);
   return make(union.ast, {
+    tag,
     cases,
     isAnyOf,
     guards,
@@ -3250,6 +3372,7 @@ export function TaggedUnion(casesByTag) {
  * person.name // => "Alice"
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3271,6 +3394,7 @@ export function Opaque() {
  * decoded.toISOString() // => "2024-01-01T00:00:00.000Z"
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -3281,6 +3405,7 @@ export function instanceOf(constructor, annotations) {
  * Constructs an `SchemaAST.Link` that describes how a value of type `T` encodes to and decodes from a `To` schema.
  * Used when building low-level AST transformations that bridge two schema types.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category transforming
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3344,6 +3469,7 @@ export function link() {
  * }
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3352,6 +3478,7 @@ export const makeFilter = SchemaAST.makeFilter;
  * Groups multiple checks into a single {@link SchemaAST.FilterGroup}, applying
  * optional shared annotations to the group as a whole.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3374,6 +3501,7 @@ const TRIMMED_PATTERN = "^\\S[\\s\\S]*\\S$|^\\S$|^$";
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies a `patterns`
  * constraint to ensure generated strings match the trimmed pattern.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3416,6 +3544,7 @@ export function isTrimmed(annotations) {
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies a `patterns`
  * constraint to ensure generated strings match the specified RegExp pattern.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3449,6 +3578,7 @@ export function isPattern(regExp, annotations) {
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies a `patterns`
  * constraint to ensure generated strings match the number string pattern.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3474,6 +3604,7 @@ export function isStringFinite(annotations) {
  * This check corresponds to a `pattern` constraint with the same signed
  * base-10 integer pattern.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3494,6 +3625,7 @@ export function isStringBigInt(annotations) {
  * The check uses the pattern `^Symbol\((.*)\)$`. It is not a general test for
  * whether a string can be passed to JavaScript's `Symbol()` function.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3538,6 +3670,7 @@ const getUUIDRegExp = version => {
  * constraint to ensure generated strings match the UUID pattern.
  *
  * @see {@link isGUID} for shape-only GUID validation.
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3583,6 +3716,7 @@ const GUID_REGEXP = /^([0-9a-fA-F]{8}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{
  * constraint to ensure generated strings match the GUID pattern.
  *
  * @see {@link isUUID} for strict UUID validation.
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3618,6 +3752,7 @@ export function isGUID(annotations) {
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies a `patterns`
  * constraint to ensure generated strings match the ULID pattern.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3652,6 +3787,7 @@ export function isULID(annotations) {
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies a `patterns`
  * constraint to ensure generated strings match the Base64 pattern.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3688,6 +3824,7 @@ export function isBase64(annotations) {
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies a `patterns`
  * constraint to ensure generated strings match the Base64URL pattern.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3724,6 +3861,7 @@ function literalToJsonSchema(literal, original, pattern) {
  * metadata. If the prefix ends with a high surrogate, the JSON Schema pattern
  * omits that code unit so Unicode matching cannot reject a valid string.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3761,6 +3899,7 @@ export function isStartingWith(startsWith, annotations) {
  * metadata. If the suffix begins with a low surrogate, the JSON Schema pattern
  * omits that code unit so Unicode matching cannot reject a valid string.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3799,6 +3938,7 @@ export function isEndingWith(endsWith, annotations) {
  * omitted from the JSON Schema pattern so Unicode matching cannot reject a
  * valid string.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3837,6 +3977,7 @@ const UPPERCASED_PATTERN = "^[^a-z]*$";
  * such as digits, punctuation, and whitespace. It rejects strings that would
  * change when uppercased.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3873,6 +4014,7 @@ const LOWERCASED_PATTERN = "^[^A-Z]*$";
  * such as digits, punctuation, and whitespace. It rejects strings that would
  * change when lowercased.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3909,6 +4051,7 @@ const CAPITALIZED_PATTERN = "^(?:[^a-z][\\s\\S]*)?$";
  * Empty strings pass. Strings whose first character has no lowercase form, such
  * as a digit, punctuation mark, or whitespace, also pass.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3945,6 +4088,7 @@ const UNCAPITALIZED_PATTERN = "^(?:[^A-Z][\\s\\S]*)?$";
  * Empty strings pass. Strings whose first character has no uppercase form, such
  * as a digit, punctuation mark, or whitespace, also pass.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -3974,6 +4118,7 @@ export function isUncapitalized(annotations) {
 /**
  * Schema for finite numbers, rejecting `NaN`, `Infinity`, and `-Infinity`.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -3992,6 +4137,7 @@ export const Finite = /*#__PURE__*/make(SchemaAST.finite);
  *
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies a finite-number constraint.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4000,6 +4146,7 @@ export const isFinite = SchemaAST.isFinite;
  * Creates a greater-than (`>`) check for any ordered type from an
  * `Order.Order` instance.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4023,6 +4170,7 @@ export function makeIsGreaterThan(options) {
  * Creates a greater-than-or-equal-to (`>=`) check for any ordered type from an
  * `Order.Order` instance.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4045,6 +4193,7 @@ export function makeIsGreaterThanOrEqualTo(options) {
  * Creates a less-than (`<`) check for any ordered type from an `Order.Order`
  * instance.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4068,6 +4217,7 @@ export function makeIsLessThan(options) {
  * Creates a less-than-or-equal-to (`<=`) check for any ordered type from an
  * `Order.Order` instance.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4090,6 +4240,7 @@ export function makeIsLessThanOrEqualTo(options) {
  * Creates an inclusive or exclusive range check for any ordered type from an
  * `Order.Order` instance.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4124,6 +4275,7 @@ export function makeIsBetween(deriveOptions) {
  * Creates a divisibility check for any numeric type from a remainder function
  * and a zero value.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4158,6 +4310,7 @@ function encodeNumberPayload(number) {
  * `exclusiveMinimum` constraint to ensure generated numbers are greater than
  * the specified value.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4193,6 +4346,7 @@ export const isGreaterThan = /*#__PURE__*/makeIsGreaterThan({
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies a `minimum` constraint
  * to ensure generated numbers are greater than or equal to the specified value.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4228,6 +4382,7 @@ export const isGreaterThanOrEqualTo = /*#__PURE__*/makeIsGreaterThanOrEqualTo({
  * `exclusiveMaximum` constraint to ensure generated numbers are less than the
  * specified value.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4263,6 +4418,7 @@ export const isLessThan = /*#__PURE__*/makeIsLessThan({
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies a `maximum` constraint
  * to ensure generated numbers are less than or equal to the specified value.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4301,6 +4457,7 @@ export const isLessThanOrEqualTo = /*#__PURE__*/makeIsLessThanOrEqualTo({
  * `exclusiveMaximum` flags to ensure generated numbers fall within the
  * specified range.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4349,6 +4506,7 @@ export const isBetween = /*#__PURE__*/makeIsBetween({
  *
  * Throws a `RangeError` when `divisor` is zero or is not finite.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4382,12 +4540,14 @@ export function isMultipleOf(divisor, annotations) {
  *
  * JSON Schema:
  *
- * This check corresponds to the `type: "integer"` constraint in JSON Schema.
+ * This check corresponds to `type: "integer"` with `minimum: Number.MIN_SAFE_INTEGER`
+ * and `maximum: Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER` in JSON Schema.
  *
  * Arbitrary:
  *
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies an integer constraint.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4398,9 +4558,11 @@ export function isInt(annotations) {
       id: "effect/schema/isInt",
       payload: null
     },
-    toJsonSchema: () => [{
-      type: "integer"
-    }, true],
+    toJsonSchema: () => ({
+      type: "integer",
+      minimum: globalThis.Number.MIN_SAFE_INTEGER,
+      maximum: globalThis.Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER
+    }),
     toCode: () => ({
       runtime: "Schema.isInt()"
     }),
@@ -4413,6 +4575,7 @@ export function isInt(annotations) {
 /**
  * Schema for integers, rejecting `NaN`, `Infinity`, and `-Infinity`.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -4426,6 +4589,7 @@ export const Int = /*#__PURE__*/Number.check(/*#__PURE__*/isInt());
  *
  * @see {@link Int} for safe integers that may be negative
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4446,6 +4610,7 @@ export const Natural = /*#__PURE__*/Int.check(/*#__PURE__*/isGreaterThanOrEqualT
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies integer and range
  * constraints to ensure generated numbers are 32-bit signed integers.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4474,6 +4639,7 @@ export function isInt32(annotations) {
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies integer and range
  * constraints to ensure generated numbers are 32-bit unsigned integers.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4504,6 +4670,7 @@ function formatDateRuntime(date) {
  *
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies an exclusive lower bound.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4540,6 +4707,7 @@ export const isGreaterThanDate = /*#__PURE__*/makeIsGreaterThan({
  *
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies an inclusive lower bound.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4570,6 +4738,7 @@ export const isGreaterThanOrEqualToDate = /*#__PURE__*/makeIsGreaterThanOrEqualT
  *
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies an exclusive upper bound.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4606,6 +4775,7 @@ export const isLessThanDate = /*#__PURE__*/makeIsLessThan({
  *
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies an inclusive upper bound.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4642,6 +4812,7 @@ export const isLessThanOrEqualToDate = /*#__PURE__*/makeIsLessThanOrEqualTo({
  *
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies the specified lower and upper bounds.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4681,6 +4852,7 @@ export const isBetweenDate = /*#__PURE__*/makeIsBetween({
  *
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies an exclusive lower bound.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4712,6 +4884,7 @@ export const isGreaterThanBigInt = /*#__PURE__*/makeIsGreaterThan({
  *
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies an inclusive lower bound.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4742,6 +4915,7 @@ export const isGreaterThanOrEqualToBigInt = /*#__PURE__*/makeIsGreaterThanOrEqua
  *
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies an exclusive upper bound.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4773,6 +4947,7 @@ export const isLessThanBigInt = /*#__PURE__*/makeIsLessThan({
  *
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies an inclusive upper bound.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4804,6 +4979,7 @@ export const isLessThanOrEqualToBigInt = /*#__PURE__*/makeIsLessThanOrEqualTo({
  *
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies the specified lower and upper bounds.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4865,6 +5041,7 @@ export const isBetweenBigInt = /*#__PURE__*/makeIsBetween({
  * Schema.is(NonEmptyArraySchema)([1]) // => true
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4919,6 +5096,7 @@ function makeIsMinLength(minLength, minCodePoints, annotations) {
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies a `minLength: 1`
  * constraint to ensure generated strings or arrays are non-empty.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4944,6 +5122,7 @@ export function isNonEmpty(annotations) {
  * constraint to ensure generated strings or arrays have at most the required
  * length.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -4999,6 +5178,7 @@ export function isMaxLength(maxLength, annotations) {
  * `maxLength` constraints to ensure generated strings or arrays have a length
  * within the specified range.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -5060,6 +5240,7 @@ export function isBetweenLength(minimum, maximum, annotations) {
  * @see {@link isMinLength} for counting UTF-16 code units
  * @see {@link isMaxCodePoints}
  * @see {@link isBetweenCodePoints}
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -5103,6 +5284,7 @@ export function isMinCodePoints(minCodePoints, annotations) {
  * @see {@link isMaxLength} for counting UTF-16 code units
  * @see {@link isMinCodePoints}
  * @see {@link isBetweenCodePoints}
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -5146,6 +5328,7 @@ export function isMaxCodePoints(maxCodePoints, annotations) {
  * @see {@link isBetweenLength} for counting UTF-16 code units
  * @see {@link isMinCodePoints}
  * @see {@link isMaxCodePoints}
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -5212,6 +5395,7 @@ function normalizeCardinality(value) {
  *
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies a node-local `minSize` constraint.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -5253,6 +5437,7 @@ export function isMinSize(minSize, annotations) {
  *
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies a node-local `maxSize` constraint.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -5294,6 +5479,7 @@ export function isMaxSize(maxSize, annotations) {
  *
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies node-local `minSize` and `maxSize` constraints.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -5341,6 +5527,7 @@ export function isBetweenSize(minimum, maximum, annotations) {
  *
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies a node-local `minProperties` constraint.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -5390,6 +5577,7 @@ export function isMinProperties(minProperties, annotations) {
  *
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies a node-local `maxProperties` constraint.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -5439,6 +5627,7 @@ export function isMaxProperties(maxProperties, annotations) {
  *
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies node-local `minProperties` and `maxProperties` constraints.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -5489,6 +5678,7 @@ export function isBetweenProperties(minimum, maximum, annotations) {
  * names in the original input. Property transformations and excess-property
  * handling can therefore produce different results.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -5545,6 +5735,7 @@ export function isPropertyNames(keySchema, annotations) {
  * During arbitrary generation, this applies a node-local identity selector
  * for constructive uniqueness using Effect equality.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -5579,6 +5770,7 @@ export function isUnique(annotations) {
  * JSON Schema has no equivalent constraint, so this check is omitted from generated documents.
  *
  * @see {@link isUnique} for validating uniqueness of complete array elements
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -5602,6 +5794,7 @@ export function isUniqueKey(annotations) {
  * Schema for non-empty strings. Validates that a string has at least one
  * character.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -5622,6 +5815,7 @@ export const NonEmptyString = /*#__PURE__*/String.check(/*#__PURE__*/isNonEmpty(
  * @see {@link NonEmptyString} for strings with length greater than zero
  * @see {@link isBetweenLength} for the underlying length check
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -5659,6 +5853,7 @@ const errorSchemaCache = [];
  * traces are omitted by default for security. Pass `{ includeStack: true }` to
  * include stack traces, or `{ excludeCause: true }` to omit causes.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -5723,6 +5918,7 @@ const defectSchemaCache = [];
  *   string representation.
  *
  * @see {@link ErrorInstance} for a schema that only accepts JavaScript `Error` values.
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -5740,6 +5936,7 @@ export function Defect(options) {
  * Schema for readonly maps whose keys and values conform to the provided
  * schemas.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -5780,6 +5977,7 @@ export function ReadonlyMap(key, value) {
 /**
  * Schema for readonly sets whose values conform to the provided element schema.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -5823,6 +6021,7 @@ export function ReadonlySet(value) {
  *
  * The default JSON serializer encodes a `RegExp` as `{ source, flags }`.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -5864,6 +6063,7 @@ const URLString = /*#__PURE__*/String.annotate({
  *
  * - encodes `URL` as a `string`
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -5890,6 +6090,7 @@ export const URL = /*#__PURE__*/instanceOf(globalThis.URL, {
  * Encoding:
  * - A `URL` is encoded as a `string`
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -5922,6 +6123,7 @@ const DateString = /*#__PURE__*/String.annotate({
  * @see {@link DateFromString} for decoding strings into Date instances
  * @see {@link DateFromMillis} for decoding epoch milliseconds into Date instances
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -5959,6 +6161,7 @@ export const Date = /*#__PURE__*/declare(input => input instanceof globalThis.Da
  * @see {@link DateTimeUtcFromString} for decoding date-time strings into UTC values
  * @see {@link Date} for accepting Date instances directly
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -5988,6 +6191,7 @@ export const DateFromString = /*#__PURE__*/DateString.pipe(/*#__PURE__*/decodeTo
  * @see {@link DateFromString} for decoding string-encoded dates
  * @see {@link DateTimeUtcFromMillis} for decoding epoch milliseconds into UTC values
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6022,6 +6226,7 @@ const JsonString = /*#__PURE__*/String.annotate({
  * Schema.encodeSync(schemaFromJsonString)({ a: 1 }) // => "{\n  \"a\": 1\n}"
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6038,6 +6243,7 @@ export const UnknownFromJsonString = /*#__PURE__*/fromJsonString(Unknown);
  * The default JSON serializer encodes a `File` as `{ data, type, name, lastModified }`
  * where `data` is base64-encoded.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6093,6 +6299,7 @@ export const File = /*#__PURE__*/instanceOf(globalThis.File, {
  * The default JSON serializer encodes a `FormData` as an array of `[key, entry]`
  * pairs where each entry is tagged as `"String"` or `"File"`.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6216,6 +6423,7 @@ export const FormData = /*#__PURE__*/instanceOf(globalThis.FormData, {
  * Schema.decodeUnknownSync(schema)(formData) // => { a: 1 }
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category decoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6229,6 +6437,7 @@ export function fromFormData(schema) {
  *
  * The default JSON serializer encodes a `URLSearchParams` as a query string.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6323,6 +6532,7 @@ export const URLSearchParams = /*#__PURE__*/instanceOf(globalThis.URLSearchParam
  * Schema.decodeUnknownSync(schema)(urlSearchParams) // => { a: 1 }
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category decoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6343,6 +6553,7 @@ export function fromURLSearchParams(schema) {
  * Encoding:
  * A number is encoded as a `string`.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -6361,6 +6572,7 @@ export const NumberFromString = /*#__PURE__*/String.annotate({
  * Encoding:
  * - A finite number is encoded as a `string`.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6392,6 +6604,7 @@ export const FiniteFromString = /*#__PURE__*/String.annotate({
  * @see {@link NumberFromString} for parsing JavaScript number strings, including non-finite values
  * @see {@link BigDecimalFromString} for parsing decimal number strings
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6399,6 +6612,7 @@ export const BigIntFromString = /*#__PURE__*/make(SchemaAST.bigIntString).pipe(/
 /**
  * Schema for strings that contains no leading or trailing whitespaces.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -6414,6 +6628,7 @@ export const Trimmed = /*#__PURE__*/String.check(/*#__PURE__*/isTrimmed());
  * Encoding:
  * - The trimmed string is encoded as is.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -6431,6 +6646,7 @@ export const Trim = /*#__PURE__*/String.annotate({
  * Encoding:
  * - A `string` is encoded as a base64-encoded string.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -6448,6 +6664,7 @@ export const StringFromBase64 = /*#__PURE__*/String.annotate({
  * Encoding:
  * - A `string` is encoded as a base64 (URL) encoded string.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -6465,6 +6682,7 @@ export const StringFromBase64Url = /*#__PURE__*/String.annotate({
  * Encoding:
  * - A `string` is encoded as a hex string.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -6500,6 +6718,7 @@ export const StringFromHex = /*#__PURE__*/String.annotate({
  * Schema.encodeSync(UrlSchema)({ maxItemPerPage: 10, page: 1 }) // => "%7B%22maxItemPerPage%22%3A10%2C%22page%22%3A1%7D"
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.12.0
  */
@@ -6510,6 +6729,7 @@ export const StringFromUriComponent = /*#__PURE__*/String.annotate({
  * Schema for property keys accepted by Effect schemas: finite `number`,
  * `symbol`, or `string`.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6522,6 +6742,7 @@ export const PropertyKey = /*#__PURE__*/Union([Finite, Symbol, String]);
  * The result contains an `issues` array where each issue has a message and an
  * optional path made of property keys or keyed path segments.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6549,6 +6770,7 @@ export const StandardSchemaV1FailureResult = /*#__PURE__*/Struct({
  * @see {@link Boolean} for validating values that are already booleans
  * @see {@link Literals} for keeping bit literals instead of decoding them
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6570,6 +6792,7 @@ const Base64String = /*#__PURE__*/String.annotate({
  *
  * The default JSON serializer encodes Uint8Array as a Base64 encoded string.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6597,6 +6820,7 @@ export const Uint8Array = /*#__PURE__*/instanceOf(globalThis.Uint8Array, {
  * Encoding:
  * - A `Uint8Array` is encoded as a base64-encoded string.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -6613,6 +6837,7 @@ export const Uint8ArrayFromBase64 = /*#__PURE__*/Base64String.pipe(/*#__PURE__*/
  * Encoding:
  * - A `Uint8Array` is encoded as a base64 (URL) encoded string.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -6634,6 +6859,7 @@ export const Uint8ArrayFromBase64Url = /*#__PURE__*/String.annotate({
  * Encoding:
  * - A `Uint8Array` is encoded as a hex encoded string.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -6658,6 +6884,7 @@ const bigDecimalFromString = /*#__PURE__*/SchemaTransformation.transformEffect({
 /**
  * Validates that a BigDecimal is greater than the specified value (exclusive).
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6669,6 +6896,7 @@ export const isGreaterThanBigDecimal = /*#__PURE__*/makeIsGreaterThan({
  * Validates that a BigDecimal is greater than or equal to the specified value
  * (inclusive).
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6679,6 +6907,7 @@ export const isGreaterThanOrEqualToBigDecimal = /*#__PURE__*/makeIsGreaterThanOr
 /**
  * Validates that a BigDecimal is less than the specified value (exclusive).
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6690,6 +6919,7 @@ export const isLessThanBigDecimal = /*#__PURE__*/makeIsLessThan({
  * Validates that a BigDecimal is less than or equal to the specified value
  * (inclusive).
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6705,6 +6935,7 @@ export const isLessThanOrEqualToBigDecimal = /*#__PURE__*/makeIsLessThanOrEqualT
  * The minimum and maximum boundaries are inclusive by default. Pass
  * `exclusiveMinimum` or `exclusiveMaximum` to exclude either boundary.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category validation
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6731,6 +6962,7 @@ const BigDecimalString = /*#__PURE__*/String.annotate({
  *
  * @see {@link BigDecimalFromString} for parsing string input into a BigDecimal
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -6772,6 +7004,7 @@ export const BigDecimal = /*#__PURE__*/declare(BigDecimal_.isBigDecimal, {
  * @see {@link BigIntFromString} for parsing base-10 integer strings into bigint values
  * @see {@link NumberFromString} for parsing JavaScript number strings
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6785,6 +7018,7 @@ export const BigDecimalFromString = /*#__PURE__*/BigDecimalString.pipe(/*#__PURE
  * beyond JavaScript's safe-integer range. The StringTree codec uses the
  * human-readable byte-size syntax exposed by {@link ByteSizeFromString}.
  *
+ * @stability unstable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6834,6 +7068,7 @@ const ByteSizeString = /*#__PURE__*/String.annotate({
  * A unit is required. Signs, exponent notation, digit separators, and ambiguous
  * unit spellings such as `KB`, `mb`, `Mb`, or `b` are rejected.
  *
+ * @stability unstable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6841,6 +7076,7 @@ export const ByteSizeFromString = /*#__PURE__*/ByteSizeString.pipe(/*#__PURE__*/
 /**
  * Schema that decodes non-negative bigint byte counts.
  *
+ * @stability unstable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6852,6 +7088,7 @@ export const ByteSizeFromBigInt = /*#__PURE__*/BigInt.pipe(/*#__PURE__*/decodeTo
  *
  * Encoding fails when the byte count exceeds `Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER`.
  *
+ * @stability unstable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6873,6 +7110,7 @@ export const ByteSizeFromNumber = /*#__PURE__*/Number.pipe(/*#__PURE__*/decodeTo
  * @see {@link Cause} for constructing schemas for full Cause values
  * @see {@link CauseReasonIso} for the ISO shape of each cause reason
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -6972,6 +7210,7 @@ export function CauseReason(error, defect) {
  * @see {@link CauseReason} for the schema used by each individual cause reason
  * @see {@link CauseIso} for the ordered array representation used by the schema ISO
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -7024,6 +7263,7 @@ function chunkLink(values) {
 /**
  * Schema for chunks whose values conform to the provided element schema.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -7162,6 +7402,7 @@ function timeZoneArbitrarySchema() {
  * @see {@link DateTimeUtcFromMillis} for decoding epoch milliseconds into UTC values
  * @see {@link DateTimeZoned} for preserving zoned DateTime values
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -7206,6 +7447,7 @@ export const DateTimeUtc = /*#__PURE__*/declare(u => DateTime.isDateTime(u) && D
  * @see {@link DateTimeUtcFromMillis} for decoding epoch milliseconds into UTC values
  * @see {@link Date} for validating Date instances without converting them
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.12.0
  */
@@ -7231,6 +7473,7 @@ export const DateTimeUtcFromDate = /*#__PURE__*/Date.pipe(/*#__PURE__*/decodeTo(
  * @see {@link DateTimeUtcFromMillis} for decoding epoch milliseconds into UTC values
  * @see {@link DateFromString} for decoding strings into JavaScript Date instances
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -7252,6 +7495,7 @@ export const DateTimeUtcFromString = /*#__PURE__*/String.annotate({
  * @see {@link DateTimeUtcFromString} for decoding date-time strings into UTC values
  * @see {@link DateFromMillis} for decoding epoch milliseconds into JavaScript Date instances
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -7268,6 +7512,7 @@ export const DateTimeUtcFromMillis = /*#__PURE__*/Int.pipe(/*#__PURE__*/decodeTo
  *
  * - encodes `DateTime.TimeZone.Offset` as a number (offset in milliseconds)
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -7297,6 +7542,7 @@ const TimeZoneNamedString = /*#__PURE__*/String.annotate({
  *
  * - encodes `DateTime.TimeZone.Named` as a string (IANA time zone identifier)
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -7326,6 +7572,7 @@ export const TimeZoneNamed = /*#__PURE__*/declare(DateTime.isTimeZoneNamed, {
  * Encoding:
  * - A `DateTime.TimeZone.Named` is encoded as a `string`.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -7343,6 +7590,7 @@ const TimeZoneString = /*#__PURE__*/String.annotate({
  * - encodes `DateTime.TimeZone` as a string (IANA identifier or offset like
  *   `+03:00`)
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -7372,6 +7620,7 @@ export const TimeZone = /*#__PURE__*/declare(DateTime.isTimeZone, {
  * Encoding:
  * - A `DateTime.TimeZone` is encoded as a `string`.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -7391,6 +7640,7 @@ const DateTimeZonedString = /*#__PURE__*/String.annotate({
  * - encodes named zones by appending the IANA identifier in brackets, such as
  *   `YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ss.sss+HH:MM[Time/Zone]`
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -7434,6 +7684,7 @@ export const DateTimeZoned = /*#__PURE__*/declare(u => DateTime.isDateTime(u) &&
  * Encoding:
  * - A `DateTime.Zoned` is encoded as a `string`.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -7924,6 +8175,113 @@ export const UnixPathAddressFromString = /*#__PURE__*/String.pipe(decodeTo(UnixP
 export const SocketAddress = /*#__PURE__*/declare(NetAddress_.isSocketAddress, {
   identifier: "SocketAddress"
 });
+/**
+ * Schema for normalized DNS domain names.
+ *
+ * **Details**
+ *
+ * Only names already in normalized form (lowercase ASCII, with
+ * internationalized labels in `xn--` form) are accepted. Use
+ * {@link DomainNameFromString} to normalize arbitrary input.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const DomainName = /*#__PURE__*/String.check(makeFilter(Host_.isDomainName, {
+  expected: "a normalized domain name"
+})).pipe(brand("~effect/net/Host/DomainName")).annotate({
+  identifier: "DomainName"
+});
+/**
+ * Schema for DNS domain names decoded from strings, normalizing case and
+ * converting internationalized names to their ASCII form.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const DomainNameFromString = /*#__PURE__*/netAddressFromString(DomainName, Host_.domainNameFromString, name => name, "DomainNameFromString");
+/**
+ * Schema for canonical scoped IPv6 literals such as `fe80::1%eth0`.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const ScopedIpv6Literal = /*#__PURE__*/String.check(makeFilter(NetAddress_.isScopedIpv6Literal, {
+  expected: "a canonical scoped IPv6 literal"
+})).pipe(brand("~effect/net/NetAddress/ScopedIpv6Literal")).annotate({
+  identifier: "ScopedIpv6Literal"
+});
+/**
+ * Schema for scoped IPv6 literals decoded from strings, normalizing the address
+ * and numeric zones.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const ScopedIpv6LiteralFromString = /*#__PURE__*/netAddressFromString(ScopedIpv6Literal, NetAddress_.scopedIpv6LiteralFromString, literal => literal, "ScopedIpv6LiteralFromString");
+/**
+ * Schema for hosts: numeric IP addresses, scoped IPv6 literals, or domain names.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const Host = /*#__PURE__*/Union([IpAddress, ScopedIpv6Literal, DomainName]).annotate({
+  identifier: "Host"
+});
+/**
+ * Schema for hosts decoded from strings. Numeric IP strings decode to IP
+ * addresses; other strings decode to scoped IPv6 literals or domain names.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const HostFromString = /*#__PURE__*/Union([IpAddressFromString, ScopedIpv6LiteralFromString, DomainNameFromString]).annotate({
+  identifier: "HostFromString"
+});
+/**
+ * Schema for already-constructed unresolved host and port values.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const HostPort = /*#__PURE__*/declare(Host_.isHostPort, {
+  identifier: "HostPort"
+});
+/**
+ * Schema for unresolved endpoints encoded as `host:port` or `[IPv6]:port`
+ * strings.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const HostPortFromString = /*#__PURE__*/netAddressFromString(HostPort, Host_.hostPortFromString, Host_.formatHostPort, "HostPortFromString");
+/**
+ * Schema for TCP and UDP port numbers from 0 through 65535.
+ *
+ * **Details**
+ *
+ * Port 0 is accepted because it asks the operating system to choose a port
+ * when binding, and it matches the port range of `InetAddress` and `HostPort`.
+ * `Config.Port` accepts only 1 through 65535.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const Port = /*#__PURE__*/Int.check(/*#__PURE__*/isBetween({
+  minimum: 0,
+  maximum: 65535
+}, {
+  expected: "a port number"
+}));
 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Duration schemas
 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -7965,6 +8323,7 @@ const durationFromMillis = /*#__PURE__*/SchemaTransformation.transform({
  * Schema.decodeUnknownSync(Schema.Duration)(Duration.seconds(5)) // => Duration.seconds(5)
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  *
  * @since 3.10.0
@@ -8042,6 +8401,7 @@ const DurationString = /*#__PURE__*/String.annotate({
  * Encoding:
  * - A `Duration` is encoded as a parseable `string`.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -8060,6 +8420,7 @@ export const DurationFromString = /*#__PURE__*/DurationString.pipe(/*#__PURE__*/
  * fails when the duration cannot be represented as nanoseconds, such as
  * `Duration.infinity` or `Duration.negativeInfinity`.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -8080,10 +8441,240 @@ export const DurationFromNanos = /*#__PURE__*/BigInt.pipe(/*#__PURE__*/decodeTo(
  *
  * `NaN` is decoded as `Duration.zero`, matching `Duration.millis`.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
 export const DurationFromMillis = /*#__PURE__*/Number.pipe(/*#__PURE__*/decodeTo(Duration, durationFromMillis));
+/**
+ * Schema for supported DNS record types such as `"A"` or `"SRV"`.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const DnsRecordType = /*#__PURE__*/Literals(Dns_.recordTypes);
+// Addresses in JSON records must already be canonical; normalizing input is
+// left to the `*FromString` schemas.
+const dnsCanonicalAddress = (schema, parse) => String.pipe(decodeTo(schema, SchemaTransformation.transformEffect({
+  decode: (input, options) => {
+    const result = parse(input);
+    if (Result_.isFailure(result)) {
+      return Effect.fail(new SchemaIssue.InvalidValue({
+        message: result.failure.message
+      }, input, options));
+    }
+    return NetAddress_.formatIp(result.success) === input ? Effect.succeed(result.success) : Effect.fail(new SchemaIssue.InvalidValue({
+      message: "expected a canonical address"
+    }, input, options));
+  },
+  encode: address => Effect.succeed(NetAddress_.formatIp(address))
+})));
+const dnsUint8 = /*#__PURE__*/Int.check(/*#__PURE__*/isBetween({
+  minimum: 0,
+  maximum: 0xff
+}));
+const dnsUint16 = /*#__PURE__*/Int.check(/*#__PURE__*/isBetween({
+  minimum: 0,
+  maximum: 0xffff
+}));
+const dnsUint32 = /*#__PURE__*/Int.check(/*#__PURE__*/isBetween({
+  minimum: 0,
+  maximum: 0xffffffff
+}));
+// SOA timers are written as whole seconds, as in zone files.
+const dnsSeconds = /*#__PURE__*/dnsUint32.pipe(/*#__PURE__*/decodeTo(Duration, /*#__PURE__*/SchemaTransformation.transform({
+  decode: Duration_.seconds,
+  encode: Duration_.toSeconds
+})));
+// Each record type is an opaque value whose JSON form is a plain object tagged
+// by record type, such as `{ "_tag": "MX", "exchange": "mail.example.com", "priority": 10 }`.
+const dnsRecordOfType = (type, fields) => declare(u => Dns_.isDnsRecord(u) && u._tag === type, {
+  identifier: `Dns${type.charAt(0)}${type.slice(1).toLowerCase()}Record`,
+  toCodecJson: () => {
+    const json = TaggedStruct(type, fields);
+    return link()(json, SchemaTransformation.transformEffect({
+      decode: (input, options) => {
+        const {
+          _tag,
+          ...rest
+        } = input;
+        const result = Dns_.makeRecord(type, rest);
+        return Result_.isSuccess(result) ? Effect.succeed(result.success) : Effect.fail(new SchemaIssue.InvalidValue({
+          message: result.failure.message
+        }, input, options));
+      },
+      // Records hold only their tag and fields as own properties.
+      encode: record => Effect.succeed({
+        ...record
+      })
+    }));
+  }
+});
+/**
+ * Schema for already-constructed IPv4 address (`A`) DNS records.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const DnsARecord = /*#__PURE__*/dnsRecordOfType("A", {
+  address: /*#__PURE__*/dnsCanonicalAddress(Ipv4Address, NetAddress_.ipv4FromString)
+});
+/**
+ * Schema for already-constructed IPv6 address (`AAAA`) DNS records.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const DnsAaaaRecord = /*#__PURE__*/dnsRecordOfType("AAAA", {
+  address: /*#__PURE__*/dnsCanonicalAddress(Ipv6Address, NetAddress_.ipv6FromString)
+});
+/**
+ * Schema for already-constructed certification authority authorization (`CAA`) DNS records.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const DnsCaaRecord = /*#__PURE__*/dnsRecordOfType("CAA", {
+  critical: Boolean,
+  tag: /*#__PURE__*/String.check(/*#__PURE__*/isPattern(/^[a-z0-9]+$/i)),
+  value: String
+});
+/**
+ * Schema for already-constructed canonical name (`CNAME`) DNS records.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const DnsCnameRecord = /*#__PURE__*/dnsRecordOfType("CNAME", {
+  target: DomainName
+});
+/**
+ * Schema for already-constructed mail exchange (`MX`) DNS records.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const DnsMxRecord = /*#__PURE__*/dnsRecordOfType("MX", {
+  exchange: DomainName,
+  priority: dnsUint16
+});
+/**
+ * Schema for already-constructed naming authority pointer (`NAPTR`) DNS records.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const DnsNaptrRecord = /*#__PURE__*/dnsRecordOfType("NAPTR", {
+  order: dnsUint16,
+  preference: dnsUint16,
+  flags: String,
+  service: String,
+  regexp: String,
+  replacement: DomainName
+});
+/**
+ * Schema for already-constructed name server (`NS`) DNS records.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const DnsNsRecord = /*#__PURE__*/dnsRecordOfType("NS", {
+  host: DomainName
+});
+/**
+ * Schema for already-constructed pointer (`PTR`) DNS records.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const DnsPtrRecord = /*#__PURE__*/dnsRecordOfType("PTR", {
+  host: NonEmptyString
+});
+/**
+ * Schema for already-constructed start of authority (`SOA`) DNS records.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const DnsSoaRecord = /*#__PURE__*/dnsRecordOfType("SOA", {
+  primary: DomainName,
+  admin: NonEmptyString,
+  serial: dnsUint32,
+  refresh: dnsSeconds,
+  retry: dnsSeconds,
+  expire: dnsSeconds,
+  minimum: dnsSeconds
+});
+/**
+ * Schema for already-constructed service locator (`SRV`) DNS records.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const DnsSrvRecord = /*#__PURE__*/dnsRecordOfType("SRV", {
+  target: DomainName,
+  port: dnsUint16,
+  priority: dnsUint16,
+  weight: dnsUint16
+});
+/**
+ * Schema for already-constructed TLS authentication (`TLSA`) DNS records.
+ *
+ * **Details**
+ *
+ * The default JSON serializer encodes the certificate association `data` as a
+ * hex string.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const DnsTlsaRecord = /*#__PURE__*/dnsRecordOfType("TLSA", {
+  certUsage: dnsUint8,
+  selector: dnsUint8,
+  matchingType: dnsUint8,
+  data: Uint8ArrayFromHex
+});
+/**
+ * Schema for already-constructed text (`TXT`) DNS records.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const DnsTxtRecord = /*#__PURE__*/dnsRecordOfType("TXT", {
+  chunks: /*#__PURE__*/NonEmptyArray(String)
+});
+/**
+ * Schema for already-constructed DNS records of any supported record type.
+ *
+ * **Details**
+ *
+ * The default JSON serializer encodes records as objects tagged by record type,
+ * with addresses and names as canonical strings, SOA timers as whole seconds,
+ * and TLSA data as hex, such as
+ * `{ "_tag": "SRV", "target": "db.internal", "port": 5432, "priority": 10, "weight": 5 }`.
+ * Decoding accepts only canonical addresses and normalized domain names, and
+ * reports invalid fields with their path.
+ *
+ * @stability experimental
+ * @category schemas
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const DnsRecord = /*#__PURE__*/Union([DnsARecord, DnsAaaaRecord, DnsCaaRecord, DnsCnameRecord, DnsMxRecord, DnsNaptrRecord, DnsNsRecord, DnsPtrRecord, DnsSoaRecord, DnsSrvRecord, DnsTlsaRecord, DnsTxtRecord]).annotate({
+  identifier: "DnsRecord"
+});
 /**
  * Creates a schema for `Exit` values using schemas for the success value, typed
  * failure, and unexpected defect channels.
@@ -8093,6 +8684,7 @@ export const DurationFromMillis = /*#__PURE__*/Number.pipe(/*#__PURE__*/decodeTo
  * Use when serializing or validating an effect outcome where success, typed
  * failure, and defects each need their own schema.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -8302,6 +8894,7 @@ function hashMapLink(entries) {
 /**
  * Schema for hash maps whose keys and values conform to the provided schemas.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -8354,6 +8947,7 @@ function hashSetLink(values) {
 /**
  * Schema for hash sets whose values conform to the provided element schema.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -8395,6 +8989,7 @@ export function HashSet(value) {
 /**
  * Schema for `Option<A>` values.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -8450,6 +9045,7 @@ export function Option(value) {
  * Decoding maps `null` to `None` and all other values to `Some`. Encoding maps
  * `None` to `null` and maps `Some` to its value.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -8465,6 +9061,7 @@ export function OptionFromNullOr(schema) {
  * Decoding maps `undefined` to `None` and all other values to `Some`. Encoding
  * maps `None` to `undefined` and maps `Some` to its value.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -8481,6 +9078,7 @@ export function OptionFromUndefinedOr(schema) {
  * `options.onNoneEncoding`, which defaults to `undefined`, and maps `Some` to
  * its value.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -8687,6 +9285,7 @@ export const RecordFromUrlParams = /*#__PURE__*/UrlParams.pipe(/*#__PURE__*/deco
  * Decoding maps a missing key to `None` and a present value to `Some`.
  * Encoding maps `None` to a missing key and maps `Some` to its value.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -8703,6 +9302,7 @@ export function OptionFromOptionalKey(schema) {
  * maps all other values to `Some`. Encoding maps `None` to a missing key and
  * maps `Some` to its value.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -8720,6 +9320,7 @@ export function OptionFromOptional(schema) {
  * according to `options.onNoneEncoding`: `"omit"` encodes a missing key,
  * `null` encodes `null`, and `undefined` encodes `undefined`.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -8748,6 +9349,7 @@ export function OptionFromOptionalNullOr(schema, options) {
  *   sensitive and should not be exposed in JSON.
  *
  * @see {@link RedactedFromValue} for decoding raw values and wrapping them in `Redacted`.
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -8807,6 +9409,7 @@ export function Redacted(value, options) {
  * the raw value and wraps it.
  *
  * @see {@link Redacted} for schemas whose input is already a `Redacted` value.
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -8824,6 +9427,7 @@ export function RedactedFromValue(value, options) {
 /**
  * Schema for `Result<A, E>` values.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9060,6 +9664,7 @@ function isStruct(schema) {
  * @see {@link Error} for defining schema-backed error classes
  * @see {@link TaggedError} for defining tagged schema-backed error classes
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -9100,6 +9705,7 @@ export const Class = identifier => (schema, annotations) => {
  * c.radius // => 5
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -9136,6 +9742,7 @@ export const TaggedClass = identifier => {
  * error.id // => 1
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9172,6 +9779,7 @@ export const Error = identifier => (schema, annotations) => {
  * error.id // => 42
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 3.10.0
  */
@@ -9195,6 +9803,7 @@ export const TaggedError = identifier => {
  * The annotation is applied through this helper because adding it directly to
  * `Annotations.Bottom` would make schemas invariant.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category formatting
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9213,6 +9822,7 @@ export function overrideToFormatter(toFormatter) {
  * The optional `onBefore` hook lets you intercept specific AST nodes before
  * the default formatting logic runs.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category formatting
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9228,6 +9838,7 @@ export function toFormatter(schema, options) {
  * Use when you need a custom equivalence instead of the default structural
  * equivalence derived by {@link toEquivalence}.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category instances
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9252,6 +9863,7 @@ export function overrideToEquivalence(toEquivalence) {
  * eq({ id: 1, name: "Alice" }, { id: 2, name: "Alice" }) // => false
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category instances
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9276,6 +9888,7 @@ export function toEquivalence(schema) {
  *
  * @see {@link SchemaRepresentation.toRepresentation} for converting a `SchemaAST.AST` directly
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category converting
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9350,6 +9963,7 @@ export function toRepresentation(schema, options) {
  * @see {@link toCodecJson} for decoding and encoding the canonical JSON representation
  * @see {@link SchemaRepresentation.toJsonSchemaDocument} for compiling an existing live representation document
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category converting
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9378,6 +9992,7 @@ export function toJsonSchemaDocument(schema, options) {
  * checks and annotations remain on its source node rather than being copied to
  * the JSON target. Source checks still run after the transformation.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category converting
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9396,6 +10011,7 @@ export const toCodecJson = InternalToCodec.toCodecJson;
  * Links cannot require services because the returned `Codec` does not expose
  * service requirements.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category converting
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9417,6 +10033,7 @@ export const toCodecIso = InternalToCodec.toCodecIso;
  * `toCodec` encoding. A callback can return `undefined` when the declaration is
  * already in canonical StringTree form.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category converting
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9436,6 +10053,7 @@ export const toCodecStringTree = InternalToCodec.toCodecStringTree;
  * decoding convenience rather than a canonical StringTree representation. It
  * does not parse comma-separated strings.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category converting
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9449,6 +10067,7 @@ export const toCodecArrayFromSingle = InternalToCodec.toCodecArrayFromSingle;
  * an `Effect` that succeeds with the XML string or fails with a
  * {@link SchemaIssue.Issue} if codec encoding fails.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category encoding
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9472,6 +10091,7 @@ export function toEncoderXml(codec, options) {
  * `SchemaIssue.makeFormatterDefault()`. Consume {@link toCodecIso} with an
  * effectful parser for asynchronous execution or explicit failure handling.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category converting
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9481,6 +10101,7 @@ export function toIso(schema) {
 /**
  * Returns an identity `Iso` over the schema's source (`Type`) side.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9490,6 +10111,7 @@ export function toIsoSource(schema) {
 /**
  * Returns an identity `Iso` over the schema's focus (`Iso`) side.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category constructors
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9510,6 +10132,7 @@ export function toIsoFocus(schema) {
  * provided `decode` and `encode` getters to transform between the schema type
  * and the target codec.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category transforming
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9540,6 +10163,7 @@ export function overrideToCodecIso(to, transformation) {
  * `SchemaIssue.makeFormatterDefault()`. Invalid patch operations instead produce
  * {@link JsonPatch.apply} errors.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category converting
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9551,6 +10175,7 @@ export function toDifferJsonPatch(schema) {
  * The resulting schema accepts a single node value, an array of trees, or an
  * object whose values are trees.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9570,6 +10195,7 @@ export function Tree(node) {
  * Schema.decodeUnknownOption(Schema.Json)({ key: [1, true, null] }) // => Option.some({ key: [1, true, null] })
  * ```
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9596,6 +10222,7 @@ export const Json = /*#__PURE__*/make(/*#__PURE__*/SchemaAST.annotate(SchemaAST.
  * ```
  *
  * @see {@link Json} for a schema that also accepts JSON arrays and primitive values
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9610,6 +10237,7 @@ const JsonError = /*#__PURE__*/Struct({
  * Schema that accepts any mutable JSON-compatible value. See {@link Json} for
  * the immutable variant.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category schemas
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9625,6 +10253,7 @@ export const MutableJson = /*#__PURE__*/make(/*#__PURE__*/SchemaAST.annotate(Sch
  * annotations are taken from the last check; otherwise they are taken from
  * the base schema instance.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category getters
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
@@ -9636,6 +10265,7 @@ export function resolveAnnotations(schema) {
  * annotations are those attached via `annotateKey` and live on the AST's
  * `context` rather than on the schema node itself.
  *
+ * @stability stable
  * @category getters
  * @since 4.0.0
  */