effect 4.0.0-beta.67 → 4.0.0-beta.69

package/src/unstable/rpc/RpcMiddleware.ts

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ import type { Request, RequestId } from "./RpcMessage.ts"
 /**
  * The literal type id used to identify RPC middleware service classes.
  *
- * @category Type IDs
+ * @category type IDs
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export type TypeId = "~effect/rpc/RpcMiddleware"
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ export type TypeId = "~effect/rpc/RpcMiddleware"
 /**
  * The runtime type id used to attach and inspect RPC middleware metadata.
  *
- * @category Type IDs
+ * @category type IDs
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export const TypeId: TypeId = "~effect/rpc/RpcMiddleware"

package/src/unstable/rpc/RpcWorker.ts

@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@ export class InitialMessage extends Context.Service<
 /**
  * Types related to the encoded initial message exchanged with an RPC worker.
  *
- * @category initial message
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export declare namespace InitialMessage {
@@ -63,7 +62,9 @@ export declare namespace InitialMessage {
   }
 }
 
-const ProtocolTag: typeof Protocol = Context.Service("@effect/rpc/RpcServer/Protocol") as any
+const ProtocolTag = Context.Service<Protocol, Protocol["Service"]>(
+  "effect/rpc/RpcServer/Protocol" satisfies Protocol["key"]
+)
 
 /**
  * Runs an effect, encodes its result with the schema's JSON codec, and returns

package/src/unstable/rpc/Utils.ts

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ import type { FromServerEncoded } from "./RpcMessage.ts"
  * a writer, replays buffered writes with their original contexts, and restores
  * the previous writer when the run ends.
  *
+ * @category services
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export const withRun = <
@@ -77,6 +78,7 @@ export const withRun = <
  * buffers server responses per client until that client's `run` handler is
  * installed.
  *
+ * @category services
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export const withRunClient = <EX, RX>(

package/src/unstable/rpc/index.ts

@@ -5,61 +5,333 @@
 // @barrel: Auto-generated exports. Do not edit manually.
 
 /**
+ * The `Rpc` module defines the typed declaration for a single remote
+ * procedure. An RPC definition is the shared contract used by `RpcGroup`,
+ * clients, and servers: it stores the procedure tag, payload schema, success
+ * schema, error schema, defect schema, middleware, annotations, and the type
+ * information needed to derive client calls and server handler signatures.
+ *
+ * Use this module to declare request/response procedures with {@link make},
+ * build custom constructors that transform success and error schemas with
+ * {@link custom}, add middleware or annotations to individual procedures, and
+ * derive helper types such as {@link Payload}, {@link Success},
+ * {@link Error}, and {@link ToHandlerFn}. Server implementations can also use
+ * {@link fork} and {@link uninterruptible} wrappers to control how handler
+ * results are executed.
+ *
+ * **Schema gotchas**
+ *
+ * - Payloads default to `Schema.Void`; passing struct fields creates a
+ *   `Schema.Struct`, while `primaryKey` creates a payload class with a derived
+ *   `PrimaryKey`
+ * - Success values default to `Schema.Void`, ordinary errors default to
+ *   `Schema.Never`, and middleware errors are included in the effective RPC
+ *   error channel
+ * - Streaming RPCs store the element and stream error schemas in
+ *   `RpcSchema.Stream`; the immediate exit success is `void` and the normal
+ *   RPC error schema is set to `Schema.Never`
+ * - Defects use a separate defect schema, defaulting to `Schema.Defect`; custom
+ *   defect schemas must not require decoding or encoding services
+ * - Schema services are directional: clients encode payloads and decode
+ *   responses, while servers decode payloads and encode responses
+ *
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export * as Rpc from "./Rpc.ts"
 
 /**
+ * Client-side support for calling RPCs defined in an `RpcGroup`.
+ *
+ * This module derives typed client APIs from RPC definitions, turns method
+ * calls into request messages, and routes server responses back to the waiting
+ * `Effect` or `Stream`. Use it to construct schema-aware clients over the
+ * provided HTTP, socket, and worker transports, or use `makeNoSerialization`
+ * when an already-decoded message channel should participate in the same
+ * request, interruption, acknowledgement, and streaming lifecycle.
+ *
+ * The `make` constructor requires a `Protocol`, which owns the encoded
+ * transport. HTTP sends one request per call and does not support client
+ * acknowledgements, while socket and worker protocols keep receive loops alive,
+ * support streaming acknowledgements, and can fail in-flight requests with
+ * protocol errors. Streaming RPCs return `Stream`s by default, or scoped
+ * queues when `asQueue` is enabled, so `streamBufferSize` controls the client
+ * side of streaming back pressure.
+ *
+ * Payloads, exits, and stream chunks are encoded and decoded through the RPC
+ * schemas with the active `RpcSerialization`; any schema services required by
+ * those codecs remain part of the generated client method environments.
+ * Client middleware declared on an RPC is looked up from
+ * `Rpc.MiddlewareClient`, can rewrite or short-circuit outgoing requests, and
+ * contributes its client error type to the call signature. Outgoing request
+ * headers combine `CurrentHeaders` with per-call headers before the request is
+ * passed through middleware and then to the transport.
+ *
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export * as RpcClient from "./RpcClient.ts"
 
 /**
+ * Shared error types for the RPC client protocol layer.
+ *
+ * This module defines the client-side failures added to schema-aware RPC
+ * clients. `RpcClientError` wraps transport failures from the built-in HTTP,
+ * socket, and worker protocols, while `RpcClientDefect` records protocol
+ * problems such as empty HTTP responses, malformed response batches, failed
+ * transport decoding, or unexpected connection failures.
+ *
+ * These errors are separate from a remote handler's typed error. Remote
+ * failures that match an RPC's error schema are decoded from the RPC exit and
+ * remain part of the procedure's domain error channel. Server defects and
+ * schema mismatches are not normal remote errors: they surface as defects or
+ * protocol failures, so handlers commonly inspect `RpcClientError.reason` to
+ * decide whether a failure is retryable transport trouble or an incompatible
+ * client/server schema or serialization boundary.
+ *
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export * as RpcClientError from "./RpcClientError.ts"
 
 /**
+ * Groups typed `Rpc` definitions into a protocol that can be shared by
+ * clients, servers, tests, cluster entities, workflows, and other RPC
+ * integrations.
+ *
+ * An `RpcGroup` keeps RPC definitions keyed by their tags while preserving the
+ * payload, success, error, defect, middleware, and annotation metadata carried
+ * by each `Rpc`. Build groups with `make`, extend them with `add`, combine them
+ * with `merge`, remove calls with `omit`, and turn the final protocol into
+ * handler contexts or layers with `toHandlers`, `toLayer`, or `toLayerHandler`.
+ *
+ * Common uses include defining a service surface once and deriving both client
+ * and server implementations from it, splitting a large protocol into feature
+ * groups that are merged later, prefixing generated or proxied RPC names, and
+ * attaching metadata for higher-level runtimes. Composition order matters:
+ * `middleware` and `annotateRpcs` update only the RPCs currently in the group,
+ * duplicate tags from `add` or `merge` replace the existing definition, and
+ * handlers are keyed by the tags after any prefixing. Schema requirements still
+ * come from each RPC's payload, success, error, defect, and middleware schemas;
+ * grouping preserves those requirements but does not provide the services
+ * needed to encode, decode, or handle them.
+ *
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export * as RpcGroup from "./RpcGroup.ts"
 
 /**
+ * Defines the protocol message envelopes shared by unstable RPC clients,
+ * servers, and transports.
+ *
+ * This module is used when implementing or testing RPC transports, codecs, and
+ * protocol handlers. It separates decoded messages, which carry typed RPC tags,
+ * payloads, headers, exits, and branded request identifiers, from encoded
+ * messages, which are suitable for transport boundaries where request ids and
+ * payloads have already been serialized.
+ *
+ * Request identifiers are the correlation point for requests, response chunks,
+ * terminal exits, acknowledgements, and interrupts, so transports must preserve
+ * them across the encoded string form and the decoded branded form. Streaming
+ * responses can send one or more `Chunk` batches before a terminal `Exit`; use
+ * `Ack` messages only for transports that require backpressure, treat `Eof` as
+ * the end of client input, and reserve `Ping`/`Pong` for connection liveness
+ * rather than RPC completion.
+ *
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export * as RpcMessage from "./RpcMessage.ts"
 
 /**
+ * The `RpcMiddleware` module defines middleware services that can wrap RPC
+ * handler execution on the server and request execution in generated clients.
+ *
+ * Use middleware to attach cross-cutting behavior to individual RPCs or whole
+ * `RpcGroup`s, such as authentication, authorization, request logging, tracing,
+ * metrics, rate limiting, header propagation, or adding request-scoped services
+ * to the handler context. A middleware service records the services it requires
+ * and provides, the schema for errors it can fail with, and whether clients must
+ * install a matching middleware via `layerClient`.
+ *
+ * Server middleware receives the target `rpc`, decoded `payload`, request
+ * `headers`, `requestId`, and `Rpc.ServerClient`, then wraps the handler effect.
+ * Its `provides` type removes services from the downstream handler requirement,
+ * while `requires` adds the services needed by the middleware implementation.
+ * Middleware errors must be declared with a `Schema` so they can be encoded as
+ * RPC failures, and any schema encoding or decoding services remain part of the
+ * generated RPC environments.
+ *
+ * Client middleware is installed with `layerClient`, captures the surrounding
+ * layer context, and can inspect, rewrite, retry, or short-circuit outgoing
+ * requests before calling `next`. Set `requiredForClient` when an RPC's typed
+ * client must require that `ForClient` layer; otherwise a client implementation
+ * is used only when one is present. `clientError` contributes only to the
+ * client-side call error channel, while the middleware `error` schema is shared
+ * with server failures.
+ *
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export * as RpcMiddleware from "./RpcMiddleware.ts"
 
 /**
+ * The `RpcSchema` module contains the RPC-specific schema markers and cause
+ * annotations shared by the RPC declaration, client, and server layers. It is
+ * used when an RPC response is a `Stream`, and when server-side interruption
+ * logic needs to identify a client-initiated abort.
+ *
+ * Use {@link Stream} to mark an RPC success schema as a streamed response,
+ * {@link isStreamSchema} to detect that marker, and the stored success and
+ * error schemas to encode or decode stream chunks. Request payload schemas live
+ * on the `Rpc` definition itself; this module only describes the streamed
+ * response shape. For streaming RPCs, the success schema passed to
+ * `RpcSchema.Stream` is the stream element schema, while the error schema is
+ * the stream error schema. When the marker is installed by the `Rpc`
+ * constructor's `stream` option, the immediate RPC exit succeeds with `void`,
+ * the ordinary RPC error schema is set to `Schema.Never`, and the stream error
+ * schema is used for stream failures.
+ *
+ * Streaming schemas are not general-purpose codecs for arbitrary stream values:
+ * they are RPC metadata that lets the protocol distinguish one-shot successes
+ * from streamed elements and keep stream errors on the chunk stream. Use
+ * {@link ClientAbort} when annotating interruptions caused by a remote client
+ * closing or cancelling a request.
+ *
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export * as RpcSchema from "./RpcSchema.ts"
 
 /**
+ * Serialization support for the unstable RPC protocol.
+ *
+ * This module provides the `RpcSerialization` service used by RPC clients and
+ * servers to encode and decode transport-level `RpcMessage` envelopes. Use the
+ * built-in JSON, newline-delimited JSON, JSON-RPC 2.0, and MessagePack
+ * implementations when wiring HTTP, sockets, workers, or custom transports, or
+ * provide a custom service when a transport needs a different content type,
+ * frame format, or binary codec.
+ *
+ * Serialization runs after RPC schemas have encoded payloads, successes,
+ * failures, and stream chunks into transport-safe values, and before schemas
+ * decode those values on the other side. Choose a format that can represent the
+ * schema-encoded data: JSON is easy to inspect but needs schema encodings for
+ * arbitrary binary values, while MessagePack is more compact and carries binary
+ * data more naturally.
+ *
+ * Transport framing is significant. `json` and `jsonRpc` expect a complete
+ * payload for each decode call and are intended for transports such as HTTP
+ * that already delimit message bodies. `ndjson`, `ndJsonRpc`, and `msgPack`
+ * maintain parser state for chunked streams, so they can decode multiple
+ * messages or incomplete fragments from sockets and other streaming transports.
+ * Match the serialization layer to the transport boundary, otherwise messages
+ * may be buffered, split, or parsed at the wrong frame.
+ *
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export * as RpcSerialization from "./RpcSerialization.ts"
 
 /**
+ * Server-side support for running RPCs defined in an `RpcGroup`.
+ *
+ * This module connects typed RPC handlers to an encoded or already-decoded
+ * transport, decodes client requests, invokes the matching handler, and sends
+ * exits, stream chunks, defects, interrupts, and client-end notifications back
+ * through the active server protocol. Use it to expose an RPC group through
+ * `layerHttp`, standalone HTTP effects, websocket or socket servers, stdio,
+ * worker runners, or a custom `Protocol`; use `makeNoSerialization` when the
+ * surrounding system already owns message serialization.
+ *
+ * The `Protocol` service is the transport boundary. It declares how encoded
+ * client messages are received and how encoded responses are written, plus
+ * whether the transport supports stream acknowledgements, transferable
+ * objects, and span propagation. HTTP request/response serving is useful for
+ * simple calls and response streaming, but it does not provide client
+ * acknowledgements or span propagation; websocket, socket, stdio, and worker
+ * protocols keep a live channel and can participate in the streaming
+ * acknowledgement lifecycle.
+ *
+ * **Handler gotchas**
+ *
+ * - Server handlers are looked up from `Rpc.ToHandler`, while RPC middleware
+ *   is looked up from `Rpc.Middleware` and wraps the handler with metadata
+ *   containing the `Rpc.ServerClient`, request id, headers, and decoded payload
+ * - Payloads are decoded on the server and exits, stream chunks, and request
+ *   defects are encoded on the server using the RPC schemas and the handler's
+ *   schema services; encode failures are reported as request defects and the
+ *   in-flight request is interrupted
+ * - Streaming RPCs send chunks before the final exit, and transports with
+ *   acknowledgement support wait for client acknowledgements between chunks to
+ *   provide back pressure
+ * - Fatal handler defects are sent as protocol defects by default; set
+ *   `disableFatalDefects` when defects should remain ordinary request exits
+ *
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export * as RpcServer from "./RpcServer.ts"
 
 /**
+ * Utilities for testing RPC groups without opening a network transport.
+ *
+ * This module connects a generated RPC client directly to an in-memory
+ * `RpcServer` for the same group, using the group's handlers from the Effect
+ * environment and the no-serialization message path. It is intended for tests
+ * that need to exercise client calls, server handlers, middleware, request
+ * routing, and streaming behavior without standing up HTTP, sockets, workers,
+ * or a serializer.
+ *
+ * Because messages stay decoded in memory, this module is not a substitute for
+ * transport or schema-encoding tests. Callers still need to provide the handler
+ * layer, any client/server middleware services, and a `Scope`; the returned
+ * client is scoped to that in-memory connection. The `flatten` option follows
+ * `RpcClient.makeNoSerialization`, and acknowledgements are enabled to match
+ * the normal bidirectional client/server protocol used by the test harness.
+ *
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export * as RpcTest from "./RpcTest.ts"
 
 /**
+ * Helpers for passing a schema-encoded bootstrap message to worker-backed RPC
+ * protocols.
+ *
+ * Worker RPC protocols can send one initial message when each worker starts,
+ * before ordinary RPC requests begin flowing. Use this module to build and
+ * provide that message from the client side, and to decode it inside the
+ * worker-side server. Common payloads include per-worker configuration,
+ * credentials or session metadata, feature flags, preloaded data, or
+ * transferable resources such as `ArrayBuffer` and `MessagePort` values.
+ *
+ * The initial message uses the supplied schema's JSON codec and is posted as a
+ * worker message, so it is separate from the normal `RpcSerialization` used for
+ * RPC request and response traffic. Values still need to be valid for the
+ * worker transport's structured clone boundary. Transferable annotations can
+ * collect objects for the `postMessage` transfer list, but transferring moves
+ * ownership to the worker and may detach buffers from the sender.
+ *
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export * as RpcWorker from "./RpcWorker.ts"
 
 /**
+ * Internal helpers for constructing RPC protocol services whose receive loop is
+ * installed separately from the operations that write to it.
+ *
+ * This module is used by the client and server `Protocol.make` constructors to
+ * let transports expose a stable service immediately while buffering messages
+ * until the protocol's `run` method has installed the active receiver. Buffered
+ * writes keep the `Context` that was current at the time of the write, so
+ * replaying early messages preserves fiber-local services such as tracing or
+ * request metadata.
+ *
+ * The general `withRun` helper is for single receive-loop services, such as
+ * server transports, while `withRunClient` specializes the same pattern for
+ * client transports by tracking active client ids and keeping a separate buffer
+ * per client. They are most useful when implementing custom RPC transports or
+ * test protocols that need to send before the consumer fiber has started.
+ *
+ * These helpers intentionally work on `Omit<Service, "run">` and re-add `run`
+ * so generated `Context.Service` static `make` members can preserve their
+ * exact service shape. When using them from generated or type-helper-heavy
+ * protocol code, keep the `run` signature aligned with the target service:
+ * the server helper has one shared writer, but the client helper requires a
+ * `clientId` because responses and buffered messages are routed per client.
+ *
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export * as Utils from "./Utils.ts"

package/src/unstable/schema/Model.ts

@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ export {
    * export const GroupId = Schema.Number.pipe(Schema.brand("GroupId"))
    *
    * export class Group extends Model.Class<Group>("Group")({
-   *   id: Model.Generated(GroupId),
+   *   id: Model.GeneratedByDb(GroupId),
    *   name: Schema.String,
    *   createdAt: Model.DateTimeInsertFromDate,
    *   updatedAt: Model.DateTimeUpdateFromDate
@@ -184,10 +184,9 @@ export const Override: <A>(value: A) => A & Brand<"Override"> = VariantSchema.Ov
  * @category generated
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
-export interface Generated<S extends Schema.Top> extends
+export interface GeneratedByDb<S extends Schema.Top> extends
   VariantSchema.Field<{
     readonly select: S
-    readonly update: S
     readonly json: S
   }>
 {}
@@ -195,17 +194,16 @@ export interface Generated<S extends Schema.Top> extends
 /**
  * A field that represents a column that is generated by the database.
  *
- * It is available for selection and update, but not for insertion.
+ * It is available for reads only.
  *
  * @category generated
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
-export const Generated = <S extends Schema.Top>(
+export const GeneratedByDb = <S extends Schema.Top>(
   schema: S
-): Generated<S> =>
+): GeneratedByDb<S> =>
   Field({
     select: schema,
-    update: schema,
     json: schema
   })
 
@@ -687,7 +685,7 @@ export const JsonFromString = <S extends Schema.Top>(
  * @category uuid
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
-export interface UuidV4Insert<B extends string> extends
+export interface UuidV4BytesInsert<B extends string> extends
   VariantSchema.Field<{
     readonly select: Schema.brand<Schema.instanceOf<Uint8Array<ArrayBuffer>>, B>
     readonly insert: Schema.withConstructorDefault<Schema.brand<Schema.instanceOf<Uint8Array<ArrayBuffer>>, B>>
@@ -713,7 +711,7 @@ export const Uint8Array: Schema.instanceOf<Uint8Array<ArrayBuffer>> = Schema.Uin
  * @category uuid
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
-export const UuidV4WithGenerate = <B extends string>(
+export const UuidV4BytesWithGenerate = <B extends string>(
   schema: Schema.brand<Schema.instanceOf<Uint8Array<ArrayBuffer>>, B>
 ): Schema.withConstructorDefault<Schema.brand<Schema.instanceOf<Uint8Array<ArrayBuffer>>, B>> =>
   schema.pipe(Schema.withConstructorDefault(Effect.sync(() => Uuid.v4({}, new globalThis.Uint8Array(16)))))
@@ -724,8 +722,51 @@ export const UuidV4WithGenerate = <B extends string>(
  * @category uuid
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
-export const UuidV4Insert = <const B extends string>(
+export const UuidV4BytesInsert = <const B extends string>(
   schema: Schema.brand<Schema.instanceOf<Uint8Array<ArrayBuffer>>, B>
+): UuidV4BytesInsert<B> =>
+  Field({
+    select: schema,
+    insert: UuidV4BytesWithGenerate(schema),
+    update: schema,
+    json: schema
+  })
+
+/**
+ * Variant field type for a branded string UUID v4 value whose insert variant
+ * generates a UUID by default.
+ *
+ * @category uuid
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export interface UuidV4Insert<B extends string> extends
+  VariantSchema.Field<{
+    readonly select: Schema.brand<Schema.String, B>
+    readonly insert: Schema.withConstructorDefault<Schema.brand<Schema.String, B>>
+    readonly update: Schema.brand<Schema.String, B>
+    readonly json: Schema.brand<Schema.String, B>
+  }>
+{}
+
+/**
+ * Adds a constructor default that generates a string UUID v4.
+ *
+ * @category uuid
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const UuidV4WithGenerate = <B extends string>(
+  schema: Schema.brand<Schema.String, B>
+): Schema.withConstructorDefault<Schema.brand<Schema.String, B>> =>
+  schema.pipe(Schema.withConstructorDefault(Effect.sync(() => Uuid.v4())))
+
+/**
+ * A field that represents a string UUID v4 that is generated on inserts.
+ *
+ * @category uuid
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const UuidV4Insert = <const B extends string>(
+  schema: Schema.brand<Schema.String, B>
 ): UuidV4Insert<B> =>
   Field({
     select: schema,
@@ -733,3 +774,50 @@ export const UuidV4Insert = <const B extends string>(
     update: schema,
     json: schema
   })
+
+/**
+ * Variant field type for a branded string UUID v7 value whose insert variant
+ * generates a UUID by default.
+ *
+ * @category uuid
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export interface UuidV7Insert<B extends string> extends
+  VariantSchema.Field<{
+    readonly select: Schema.brand<Schema.String, B>
+    readonly insert: Schema.withConstructorDefault<Schema.brand<Schema.String, B>>
+    readonly update: Schema.brand<Schema.String, B>
+    readonly json: Schema.brand<Schema.String, B>
+  }>
+{}
+
+/**
+ * Adds a constructor default that generates a string UUID v7.
+ *
+ * @category uuid
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const UuidV7WithGenerate = <B extends string>(
+  schema: Schema.brand<Schema.String, B>
+): Schema.withConstructorDefault<Schema.brand<Schema.String, B>> =>
+  schema.pipe(Schema.withConstructorDefault(Effect.clockWith((clock) =>
+    Effect.succeed(Uuid.v7({
+      msecs: clock.currentTimeMillisUnsafe()
+    }))
+  )))
+
+/**
+ * A field that represents a string UUID v7 that is generated on inserts.
+ *
+ * @category uuid
+ * @since 4.0.0
+ */
+export const UuidV7Insert = <const B extends string>(
+  schema: Schema.brand<Schema.String, B>
+): UuidV7Insert<B> =>
+  Field({
+    select: schema,
+    insert: UuidV7WithGenerate(schema),
+    update: schema,
+    json: schema
+  })

package/src/unstable/schema/VariantSchema.ts

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ import * as Struct_ from "../../Struct.ts"
 /**
  * Runtime type identifier attached to variant schema structs.
  *
- * @category Type IDs
+ * @category type IDs
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export const TypeId = "~effect/schema/VariantSchema"
@@ -63,7 +63,6 @@ export const isStruct = (u: unknown): u is Struct<any> => Predicate.hasProperty(
 /**
  * Type-level helpers for variant schema structs.
  *
- * @category models
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export declare namespace Struct {
@@ -128,7 +127,6 @@ export const isField = (u: unknown): u is Field<any> => Predicate.hasProperty(u,
 /**
  * Type-level helpers for variant schema fields.
  *
- * @category models
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export declare namespace Field {
@@ -330,7 +328,6 @@ export interface Union<Members extends ReadonlyArray<Struct<any>>> extends
 /**
  * Type-level helpers for unions of variant schema structs.
  *
- * @category models
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export declare namespace Union {

package/src/unstable/schema/index.ts

@@ -5,11 +5,48 @@
 // @barrel: Auto-generated exports. Do not edit manually.
 
 /**
+ * Utilities for defining schema-backed domain models that need different shapes
+ * for database access and JSON APIs.
+ *
+ * A model defined with this module keeps one field declaration as the source of
+ * truth and derives the `select`, `insert`, `update`, `json`, `jsonCreate`, and
+ * `jsonUpdate` variants from it. This is useful for persistence models whose
+ * database representation differs from the public API, for example generated
+ * columns, application-generated identifiers, sensitive fields that must not be
+ * serialized to JSON, nullable database columns exposed as `Option`, SQLite
+ * booleans, JSON stored as text, date-time audit columns, and generated UUIDs.
+ *
+ * Each variant is a schema in its own right, so choose the variant that matches
+ * the boundary you are validating or encoding. Plain schemas are included in all
+ * variants, while `Field` helpers opt a property into only the variants they
+ * declare. Overrideable defaults such as timestamp helpers can still be provided
+ * explicitly with `Override`, and JSON variants may differ from database variants
+ * in both optionality and encoded representation.
+ *
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export * as Model from "./Model.ts"
 
 /**
+ * Build families of related struct schemas from one field definition.
+ *
+ * `VariantSchema` is useful when the same domain object needs several schema
+ * views, such as database select / insert / update shapes, JSON read / write
+ * shapes, public versus private API views, or constructor schemas with
+ * generated defaults. {@link make} fixes a closed set of variant names and a
+ * default variant, then returns helpers for defining shared `Struct` values,
+ * per-variant `Field` values, schema classes, unions, and extracted
+ * `Schema.Struct` projections.
+ *
+ * A plain schema in a variant struct is present in every variant, a `Field`
+ * contributes a property only to the variants named in its config, and nested
+ * variant structs are extracted recursively. Variants are projections, not
+ * discriminated alternatives: this module does not add a tag field, so include
+ * an explicit literal tag when a decoded union needs runtime discrimination.
+ * Also remember that the default variant is the schema used by generated
+ * classes and ordinary variant unions; per-variant schemas are exposed
+ * separately on those generated values.
+ *
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export * as VariantSchema from "./VariantSchema.ts"

package/src/unstable/socket/Socket.ts

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ import * as Scope from "../../Scope.ts"
 /**
  * Runtime type identifier attached to `Socket` services.
  *
- * @category Type IDs
+ * @category type IDs
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export const TypeId = "~effect/socket/Socket"
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ export interface Socket {
  * Constructs a `Socket` from a raw read loop and scoped writer, deriving binary
  * and string read loops when they are not provided.
  *
- * @category Constructors
+ * @category constructors
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export const make = (options: {
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ export const isCloseEvent = (u: unknown): u is CloseEvent => Predicate.hasProper
 /**
  * Type-level identifier used to mark `SocketError` values.
  *
- * @category type ids
+ * @category type IDs
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export type SocketErrorTypeId = "~effect/socket/Socket/SocketError"
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ export type SocketErrorTypeId = "~effect/socket/Socket/SocketError"
 /**
  * Runtime type identifier attached to `SocketError` values.
  *
- * @category type ids
+ * @category type IDs
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export const SocketErrorTypeId: SocketErrorTypeId = "~effect/socket/Socket/SocketError"
@@ -552,6 +552,7 @@ export const makeChannel = <IE = never>(): Channel.Channel<
  * Default close-code classifier that treats every socket close code as an
  * error.
  *
+ * @category predicates
  * @since 4.0.0
  */
 export const defaultCloseCodeIsError = (_code: number) => true