effect-app 4.0.0-beta.10 → 4.0.0-beta.100

package/src/Effect.ts

@@ -2,11 +2,12 @@
 /* eslint-disable prefer-destructuring */
 // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars
 
-import { Effect, Option, Ref, type ServiceMap } from "effect"
+import { Effect, Option, Ref } from "effect"
 import * as Def from "effect/Deferred"
 import * as Fiber from "effect/Fiber"
 import type { Scope } from "effect/Scope"
 import type { Semaphore } from "effect/Semaphore"
+import type * as Context from "./Context.js"
 import { curry } from "./Function.js"
 import { typedKeysOf } from "./utils.js"
 
@@ -116,10 +117,10 @@ export function joinAll<E, A>(fibers: Iterable<Fiber.Fiber<A, E>>): Effect.Effec
 }
 
 type ServiceA<T> = T extends Effect.Effect<infer S, any, any> ? S
-  : T extends ServiceMap.Service<any, infer S> ? S
+  : T extends Context.Service<any, infer S> ? S
   : never
 type ServiceR<T> = T extends Effect.Effect<any, any, infer R> ? R
-  : T extends ServiceMap.Service<infer I, any> ? I
+  : T extends Context.Service<infer I, any> ? I
   : never
 type ServiceE<T> = T extends Effect.Effect<any, infer E, any> ? E : never
 // type Values<T> = T extends { [s: string]: infer S } ? ServiceA<S> : never
@@ -144,24 +145,25 @@ export interface EffectUnunified<R, E, A> extends Effect.Effect<R, E, A> {}
 
 export type LowerFirst<S extends PropertyKey> = S extends `${infer First}${infer Rest}` ? `${Lowercase<First>}${Rest}`
   : S
-export type LowerServices<T extends Record<string, ServiceMap.Service<any, any> | Effect.Effect<any, any, any>>> = {
+export type LowerServices<T extends Record<string, Context.Service<any, any> | Effect.Effect<any, any, any>>> = {
   [key in keyof T as LowerFirst<key>]: ServiceA<T[key]>
 }
 
-export function allLower<T extends Record<string, ServiceMap.Service<any, any> | Effect.Effect<any, any, any>>>(
+export function allLower<T extends Record<string, Context.Service<any, any> | Effect.Effect<any, any, any>>>(
   services: T
 ) {
   return Effect.all(
     typedKeysOf(services).reduce((prev, cur) => {
-      const svc = services[cur]
-      prev[((cur as string)[0]!.toLowerCase() + (cur as string).slice(1)) as unknown as LowerFirst<typeof cur>] = svc // "_id" in svc && svc._id === TagTypeId ? svc : svc
+      const svc = services[cur]!
+      prev[((cur as string)[0]!.toLowerCase() + (cur as string).slice(1)) as unknown as LowerFirst<typeof cur>] =
+        "asEffect" in svc ? svc.asEffect() : svc
       return prev
     }, {} as any),
     { concurrency: "inherit" }
   ) as any as Effect.Effect<LowerServices<T>, ValuesE<T>, ValuesR<T>>
 }
 
-export function allLowerWith<T extends Record<string, ServiceMap.Service<any, any> | Effect.Effect<any, any, any>>, A>(
+export function allLowerWith<T extends Record<string, Context.Service<any, any> | Effect.Effect<any, any, any>>, A>(
   services: T,
   fn: (services: LowerServices<T>) => A
 ) {
@@ -169,7 +171,7 @@ export function allLowerWith<T extends Record<string, ServiceMap.Service<any, an
 }
 
 export function allLowerWithEffect<
-  T extends Record<string, ServiceMap.Service<any, any> | Effect.Effect<any, any, any>>,
+  T extends Record<string, Context.Service<any, any> | Effect.Effect<any, any, any>>,
   R,
   E,
   A

package/src/Layer.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-import { type Array, Effect, Layer, type Scope, type ServiceMap, type Types } from "effect"
+import { type Array, Effect, Layer, type Scope, type Types } from "effect"
 import { type Yieldable } from "effect/Effect"
 import { dual } from "effect/Function"
+import type * as Context from "./Context.js"
 import { type EffectGenUtils } from "./utils/gen.js"
 
 export * from "effect/Layer"
@@ -17,7 +18,7 @@ type MakeGenNo<S> = {
   readonly make: () => Generator<unknown, S>
 }
 type MakeErr<Opts> = Opts extends { make: () => any } ? EffectGenUtils.Error<Opts["make"]> : never
-type MakeContext<Opts> = Opts extends { make: () => any } ? EffectGenUtils.ServiceMap<Opts["make"]> : never
+type MakeContext<Opts> = Opts extends { make: () => any } ? EffectGenUtils.Context<Opts["make"]> : never
 
 type DependenciesOpt = { dependencies?: Array.NonEmptyReadonlyArray<Layer.Any> }
 type Dependencies = { dependencies: Array.NonEmptyReadonlyArray<Layer.Any> }
@@ -41,12 +42,12 @@ type PackedOrUnpackedLayer<I, Opts> = Opts extends Dependencies ? PackedLayers<I
 
 export const make: {
   <I, S>(
-    tag: ServiceMap.Service<I, S>
+    tag: Context.Service<I, S>
   ): <Opts extends Make<Types.NoInfer<S>, any, any>>(
     options: Opts
   ) => PackedOrUnpackedLayer<I, Opts>
   <I, S, Opts extends Make<Types.NoInfer<S>, any, any>>(
-    tag: ServiceMap.Service<I, S>,
+    tag: Context.Service<I, S>,
     options: Opts
   ): PackedOrUnpackedLayer<I, Opts>
 } = dual(2, (tag, options) => {

package/src/Pure.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any */
 import { Chunk, Effect, Layer, Result } from "effect"
+import * as Context from "./Context.js"
 import { tuple } from "./Function.js"
-import * as ServiceMap from "./ServiceMap.js"
 
 const S1 = Symbol()
 const S2 = Symbol()
@@ -86,9 +86,9 @@ export function GMU<W, S, S2, GA, MR, ME>(modify: (i: GA) => Pure<W, S, S2, MR,
   ) => GMU_(get, modify, update)
 }
 
-const tagg = ServiceMap.Service<{ env: PureEnv<never, unknown, never> }>("PureEnv")
+const tagg = Context.Service<{ env: PureEnv<never, unknown, never> }>("PureEnv")
 function castTag<W, S, S2>() {
-  return tagg as any as ServiceMap.Service<PureEnvEnv<W, S, S2>, PureEnvEnv<W, S, S2>>
+  return tagg as any as Context.Service<PureEnvEnv<W, S, S2>, PureEnvEnv<W, S, S2>>
 }
 
 export const ServiceTag = Symbol()
@@ -100,9 +100,9 @@ export abstract class PhantomTypeParameter<Identifier extends keyof any, Instant
   }
 }
 
-export type ServiceShape<T extends ServiceMap.ServiceClass.Shape<any, any>> = Omit<
+export type ServiceShape<T extends Context.ServiceClass.Shape<any, any>> = Omit<
   T,
-  keyof ServiceMap.ServiceClass.Shape<any, any>
+  keyof Context.ServiceClass.Shape<any, any>
 >
 
 export abstract class ServiceTagged<ServiceKey> extends PhantomTypeParameter<string, ServiceKey> {}
@@ -117,11 +117,11 @@ export interface PureEnvEnv<W, S, S2> extends ServiceTagged<typeof PureEnvEnv> {
 }
 
 export function get<S>(): Pure<never, S, S, never, never, S> {
-  return (castTag<never, S, S>() as any).use((_: any) => _.env.state)
+  return (castTag<never, S, S>()).useSync((_) => _.env.state)
 }
 
 export function set<S>(s: S): Pure<never, S, S, never, never, void> {
-  return (castTag<never, S, S>() as any).use((_: any) => {
+  return (castTag<never, S, S>()).useSync((_) => {
     _.env.state = s
   })
 }
@@ -129,13 +129,13 @@ export function set<S>(s: S): Pure<never, S, S, never, never, void> {
 export type PureLogT<W> = Pure<W, unknown, never, never, never, void>
 
 export function log<W>(w: W): PureLogT<W> {
-  return (castTag<W, unknown, never>() as any).use((_: any) => {
+  return (castTag<W, unknown, never>()).useSync((_) => {
     _.env.log = Chunk.append(_.env.log, w)
   })
 }
 
 export function logMany<W>(w: Iterable<W>): PureLogT<W> {
-  return (castTag<W, unknown, never>() as any).use((_: any) => {
+  return (castTag<W, unknown, never>()).useSync((_) => {
     _.env.log = Chunk.appendAll(_.env.log, Chunk.fromIterable(w))
   })
 }
@@ -150,17 +150,16 @@ export function runAll<R, E, A, W3, S1, S3, S4 extends S1>(
 > {
   const a = Effect
     .flatMap(self, (x) =>
-      (castTag<W3, S1, S3>() as any)
-        .use(
-          ({ env: _ }: any) => Effect.sync(() => ({ log: _.log, state: _.state }))
+      (castTag<W3, S1, S3>())
+        .useSync(
+          ({ env: _ }) => ({ log: _.log, state: _.state })
         )
         .pipe(
-          Effect.flatMap((_: any) => Effect.succeed(_)),
           Effect.map(
-            ({ log, state }: any) => tuple(log, Result.succeed(tuple(state, x)))
+            ({ log, state }) => tuple(log, Result.succeed(tuple(state, x)))
           )
         ))
-    .pipe(Effect.catch((err: any) => (tagg as any).use((env: any) => tuple(env.env.log, Result.fail(err)))))
+    .pipe(Effect.catch((err: any) => tagg.useSync((env) => tuple(env.env.log, Result.fail(err)))))
   return Effect.provide(a, Layer.succeed(tagg, { env: makePureEnv<W3, S3, S4>(s) as any }) as any) as any
 }
 
@@ -198,11 +197,11 @@ export function runA<R, E, A, W3, S1, S3, S4 extends S1>(
 export function modify<S2, A, S3>(
   mod: (s: S2) => readonly [S3, A]
 ): Effect.Effect<A, never, { env: PureEnv<never, S2, S3> }> {
-  return (castTag<never, S3, S2>() as any).use((_: any) => {
+  return (castTag<never, S3, S2>()).useSync((_) => {
     const [s, a] = mod(_.env.state)
     _.env.state = s as any
     return a
-  })
+  }) as any
 }
 
 export function modifyM<W, R, E, A, S2, S3>(
@@ -210,7 +209,7 @@ export function modifyM<W, R, E, A, S2, S3>(
 ): Effect.Effect<A, E, FixEnv<R, W, S2, S3>> {
   // return serviceWithEffect(_ => Ref.modifyM_(_.state, mod))
   return Effect.flatMap(
-    (castTag<W, S3, S2>() as any).use((_: any) => _),
+    (castTag<W, S3, S2>()).useSync((_) => _),
     (_: any) =>
       Effect.map(mod(_.env.state), ([s, a]: any) => {
         _.env.state = s

package/src/Schema/Class.ts

@@ -1,31 +1,73 @@
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any */
-import { pipe, Struct as Struct2 } from "effect"
-import type { Struct } from "effect/Schema"
+import { Effect, Option, Schema, SchemaAST, SchemaIssue } from "effect"
 import * as S from "effect/Schema"
 
 type ClassAnnotations<Self> = S.Annotations.Declaration<Self, readonly [any]>
 
-export interface EnhancedClass<Self, SchemaS extends S.Top & { readonly fields: Struct.Fields }, Inherited>
-  extends S.Class<Self, SchemaS, Inherited>, /* Reason for enhancement */ PropsExtensions<SchemaS["fields"]>
+export interface EnhancedClass<Self, SchemaS extends S.Top & { readonly fields: S.Struct.Fields }, Inherited>
+  extends S.Class<Self, SchemaS, Inherited>
 {
 }
 type MissingSelfGeneric<Usage extends string, Params extends string = ""> =
   `Missing \`Self\` generic - use \`class Self extends ${Usage}<Self>()(${Params}{ ... })\``
 
-export interface PropsExtensions<Fields> {
-  // include: <NewProps extends S.Struct.Fields>(
-  //   fnc: (fields: Fields) => NewProps
-  // ) => NewProps
-  pick: <P extends keyof Fields>(...keys: readonly P[]) => Pick<Fields, P>
-  omit: <P extends keyof Fields>(...keys: readonly P[]) => Omit<Fields, P>
-}
-
-type HasFields<Fields extends Struct.Fields> = {
+type HasFields<Fields extends S.Struct.Fields> = {
   readonly fields: Fields
 } | {
   readonly from: HasFields<Fields>
 }
 
+export type Class<Self, S extends S.Top & { readonly fields: S.Struct.Fields }, Inherited> = S.Class<Self, S, Inherited>
+
+/**
+ * Build a modified Declaration that accepts struct-matching values during
+ * encoding, given the original Declaration and the class's fields.
+ */
+function makeRelaxedDeclaration(
+  ast: SchemaAST.Declaration,
+  fields: Schema.Struct.Fields,
+  cls: any
+): SchemaAST.Declaration {
+  const structSchema = Schema.Struct(fields)
+  const isStructValue = Schema.is(structSchema)
+  return new SchemaAST.Declaration(
+    ast.typeParameters,
+    () => (input: unknown, self: SchemaAST.Declaration) => {
+      if (input instanceof cls || isStructValue(input)) {
+        return Effect.succeed(input)
+      }
+      return Effect.fail(new SchemaIssue.InvalidType(self, Option.some(input)))
+    },
+    ast.annotations,
+    ast.checks,
+    ast.encoding,
+    ast.context
+  )
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Class — like Schema.Class but with relaxed encoding
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/**
+ * Like `Schema.Class`, but the resulting class accepts plain objects matching
+ * the struct schema during encoding — not only `instanceof` or type-id
+ * checks.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Schema } from "effect"
+ * import { Class } from "./Class.js"
+ *
+ * class A extends Class<A>("A")({ a: Schema.String }) {}
+ *
+ * // Construction works as normal:
+ * new A({ a: "hello" })
+ *
+ * // Encoding accepts plain objects:
+ * Schema.encodeUnknownSync(A)({ a: "hello" }) // { a: "hello" }
+ * ```
+ */
 export const Class: <Self = never>(identifier: string) => <Fields extends S.Struct.Fields>(
   fieldsOr: Fields | HasFields<Fields>,
   annotations?: ClassAnnotations<Self>
@@ -35,38 +77,80 @@ export const Class: <Self = never>(identifier: string) => <Fields extends S.Stru
     S.Struct<Fields>,
     {}
   > = (identifier) => (fields, annotations) => {
-    const cls = S.Class as any
-    return class extends cls(identifier)(fields, annotations) {
-      constructor(a: any, b = true) {
-        super(a, b)
+    // Build the original Schema.Class
+    const Base = (S.Class as any)(identifier)(fields, annotations)
+    // Get the original ast getter from the base class
+    const originalAstDescriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(Base, "ast")!
+
+    // Cache per-class to avoid recomputing
+    const astCache = new WeakMap<any, SchemaAST.Declaration>()
+
+    return class extends Base {
+      static get ast(): SchemaAST.Declaration {
+        let cached = astCache.get(this)
+        if (cached !== undefined) return cached
+        // Call the original getter with `this` bound to the actual user class,
+        // so getClassSchema(this) creates a schema that uses `new this(...)`.
+        const originalAst = originalAstDescriptor.get!.call(this) as SchemaAST.Declaration
+        cached = makeRelaxedDeclaration(originalAst, Base.fields, this)
+        astCache.set(this, cached)
+        return cached
       }
-      // static readonly include = include(fields)
-      static readonly pick = (...selection: any[]) => pipe(this["fields"], Struct2.pick(selection))
-      static readonly omit = (...selection: any[]) => pipe(this["fields"], Struct2.omit(selection))
     } as any
   }
 
-export const TaggedClass: <Self = never>(identifier?: string) => <Tag extends string, Fields extends S.Struct.Fields>(
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// TaggedClass — like Schema.TaggedClass but with relaxed encoding
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/**
+ * Like `Schema.TaggedClass`, but the resulting class accepts plain objects
+ * matching the struct schema during encoding.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Schema } from "effect"
+ * import { TaggedClass } from "./Class.js"
+ *
+ * class Circle extends TaggedClass<Circle>()("Circle", {
+ *   radius: Schema.Number
+ * }) {}
+ *
+ * Schema.encodeUnknownSync(Circle)({ _tag: "Circle", radius: 5 })
+ * ```
+ */
+export const TaggedClass: <Self = never>(
+  identifier?: string
+) => <Tag extends string, Fields extends S.Struct.Fields>(
   tag: Tag,
   fieldsOr: Fields | HasFields<Fields>,
   annotations?: ClassAnnotations<Self>
-) => [Self] extends [never] ? MissingSelfGeneric<"Class">
+) => [Self] extends [never] ? MissingSelfGeneric<"TaggedClass">
   : EnhancedClass<
     Self,
     S.Struct<{ readonly _tag: S.tag<Tag> } & Fields>,
     {}
   > = (identifier) => (tag, fields, annotations) => {
-    const cls = S.TaggedClass as any
-    return class extends cls(identifier)(tag, fields, annotations) {
-      constructor(a: any, b = true) {
-        super(a, b)
+    const Base = (S.TaggedClass as any)(identifier)(tag, fields, annotations)
+    const originalAstDescriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(Base, "ast")!
+    const astCache = new WeakMap<any, SchemaAST.Declaration>()
+
+    return class extends Base {
+      static get ast(): SchemaAST.Declaration {
+        let cached = astCache.get(this)
+        if (cached !== undefined) return cached
+        const originalAst = originalAstDescriptor.get!.call(this) as SchemaAST.Declaration
+        cached = makeRelaxedDeclaration(originalAst, Base.fields, this)
+        astCache.set(this, cached)
+        return cached
       }
-      // static readonly include = include(fields)
-      static readonly pick = (...selection: any[]) => pipe(this["fields"], Struct2.pick(selection))
-      static readonly omit = (...selection: any[]) => pipe(this["fields"], Struct2.omit(selection))
     } as any
   }
 
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// ExtendedClass — like Class but with extra type parameter for hierarchies
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
 export const ExtendedClass: <Self, _SelfFrom>(identifier: string) => <Fields extends S.Struct.Fields>(
   fieldsOr: Fields | HasFields<Fields>,
   annotations?: ClassAnnotations<Self>
@@ -76,7 +160,11 @@ export const ExtendedClass: <Self, _SelfFrom>(identifier: string) => <Fields ext
   {}
 > = Class as any
 
-export interface EnhancedTaggedClass<Self, Tag extends string, Fields extends Struct.Fields, SelfFrom>
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// ExtendedTaggedClass — like TaggedClass but with extra type parameter for hierarchies
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export interface EnhancedTaggedClass<Self, Tag extends string, Fields extends S.Struct.Fields, SelfFrom>
   extends
     EnhancedClass<
       Self,

package/src/Schema/SpecialJsonSchema.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/**
+ * SpecialJsonSchema — A variant of Schema.toJsonSchemaDocument that
+ * post-processes the output (e.g. flattens simple allOf).
+ */
+import { type JsonSchema, type Schema, SchemaRepresentation } from "effect"
+
+/**
+ * Converts a schema to a JSON Schema Document (draft-2020-12), with
+ * post-processing that flattens simple allOf entries.
+ */
+export function specialJsonSchemaDocument(
+  schema: Schema.Top,
+  options?: Schema.ToJsonSchemaOptions
+): JsonSchema.Document<"draft-2020-12"> {
+  const doc = SchemaRepresentation.fromAST(schema.ast)
+  const jd = SchemaRepresentation.toJsonSchemaDocument(doc, options)
+  const processedDefs: JsonSchema.Definitions = {}
+  for (const [key, def] of Object.entries(jd.definitions)) {
+    processedDefs[key] = postProcessJsonSchema(def)
+  }
+  return {
+    dialect: "draft-2020-12",
+    schema: postProcessJsonSchema(jd.schema),
+    definitions: processedDefs
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Flattens `allOf` entries into the parent when the parent already has a
+ * `type` and every `allOf` entry is a plain constraint object (no `$ref`,
+ * no `type`). Merged properties from `allOf` entries win on conflict.
+ */
+export function flattenSimpleAllOf(obj: unknown): unknown {
+  if (obj === null || typeof obj !== "object") return obj
+
+  if (globalThis.Array.isArray(obj)) {
+    return obj.map(flattenSimpleAllOf)
+  }
+
+  const record = obj as Record<string, unknown>
+  const result: Record<string, unknown> = {}
+  for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(record)) {
+    result[key] = flattenSimpleAllOf(value)
+  }
+
+  if (result["type"] && globalThis.Array.isArray(result["allOf"])) {
+    const allOf = result["allOf"] as Array<Record<string, unknown>>
+    const canFlatten = allOf.every((entry) =>
+      typeof entry === "object" && entry !== null && !("$ref" in entry) && !("type" in entry)
+    )
+    if (canFlatten) {
+      const { allOf: _, ...rest } = result
+      let merged: Record<string, unknown> = { ...rest }
+      for (const entry of allOf) {
+        merged = { ...merged, ...entry }
+      }
+      return merged
+    }
+  }
+
+  return result
+}
+
+/**
+ * Applies JSON Schema post-processing: flattens simple allOf.
+ */
+export function postProcessJsonSchema(obj: JsonSchema.JsonSchema): JsonSchema.JsonSchema {
+  return flattenSimpleAllOf(obj) as JsonSchema.JsonSchema
+}

package/src/Schema/SpecialOpenApi.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+/**
+ * SpecialOpenApi — Deduplicates `components/schemas` entries in an OpenAPI spec
+ * and applies JSON Schema post-processing (null removal, allOf flattening).
+ *
+ * When `OpenApi.fromApi` generates the spec, different AST nodes sharing the
+ * same identifier can produce duplicate entries (e.g. "X" and "X1") in
+ * `components.schemas`. This module provides a transform function that
+ * collapses those duplicates, rewrites all `$ref` pointers accordingly,
+ * and post-processes schemas for better codegen compatibility.
+ *
+ * Usage with the OpenApi `Transform` annotation:
+ *
+ * ```ts
+ * import { OpenApi } from "effect/unstable"
+ * import { deduplicateOpenApiSchemas } from "./SpecialOpenApi.js"
+ *
+ * const api = HttpApi.make("myApi")
+ *   .pipe(HttpApi.annotateContext(OpenApi.annotations({ transform: deduplicateOpenApiSchemas })))
+ * ```
+ */
+
+import { postProcessJsonSchema } from "./SpecialJsonSchema.js"
+
+/**
+ * Deduplicates `components.schemas` entries in an OpenAPI spec.
+ *
+ * Entries sharing the same base identifier (e.g. "X" and "X1") whose JSON
+ * representations are identical are collapsed into a single canonical entry,
+ * and all `$ref` pointers throughout the spec are rewritten to point to
+ * the canonical key.
+ *
+ * Designed to be used as the `transform` option in `OpenApi.annotations`.
+ */
+export function deduplicateOpenApiSchemas(
+  spec: Record<string, any>
+): Record<string, any> {
+  const components = spec["components"] as Record<string, any> | undefined
+  if (!components) return spec
+  const schemas = components["schemas"] as Record<string, any> | undefined
+  if (!schemas) return spec
+
+  const keys = Object.keys(schemas)
+  if (keys.length === 0) return spec
+
+  // Group keys by base identifier (strip trailing digits)
+  const groups = new Map<string, Array<{ key: string; fingerprint: string }>>()
+  for (const key of keys) {
+    const base = getBaseIdentifier(key)
+    const fingerprint = JSON.stringify(schemas[key])
+    const group = groups.get(base)
+    if (group === undefined) {
+      groups.set(base, [{ key, fingerprint }])
+    } else {
+      group.push({ key, fingerprint })
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Build remapping from duplicate keys to canonical keys
+  const remapping = new Map<string, string>()
+  for (const [, group] of groups) {
+    if (group.length <= 1) continue
+    const seen = new Map<string, string>() // fingerprint -> canonical key
+    for (const entry of group) {
+      const canonical = seen.get(entry.fingerprint)
+      if (canonical !== undefined) {
+        remapping.set(entry.key, canonical)
+      } else {
+        seen.set(entry.fingerprint, entry.key)
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (remapping.size === 0) return postProcessJsonSchema(spec) as Record<string, any>
+
+  // Build new schemas object without duplicates
+  const newSchemas: Record<string, any> = {}
+  for (const key of keys) {
+    if (!remapping.has(key)) {
+      newSchemas[key] = schemas[key]
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Deep clone the spec, replace schemas, and rewrite all $ref pointers
+  const newSpec = structuredClone(spec)
+  newSpec["components"]["schemas"] = newSchemas
+  rewriteRefs(newSpec, remapping)
+
+  return postProcessJsonSchema(newSpec) as Record<string, any>
+}
+
+/**
+ * Extracts the base identifier from a schema key by stripping trailing
+ * digits appended by the gen() function.
+ * E.g. "X1" -> "X", "X" -> "X", "MyType2" -> "MyType"
+ */
+function getBaseIdentifier(key: string): string {
+  const match = key.match(/^(.+?)(\d+)$/)
+  return match ? match[1]! : key
+}
+
+/**
+ * Recursively rewrites `$ref` values in a JSON object tree.
+ * Mutates the object in-place (caller should pass a deep clone).
+ */
+function rewriteRefs(obj: any, remapping: Map<string, string>): void {
+  if (obj === null || typeof obj !== "object") return
+
+  if (Array.isArray(obj)) {
+    for (const item of obj) {
+      rewriteRefs(item, remapping)
+    }
+    return
+  }
+
+  if (typeof obj.$ref === "string") {
+    // OpenAPI refs look like "#/components/schemas/X1"
+    const prefix = "#/components/schemas/"
+    if (obj.$ref.startsWith(prefix)) {
+      const refKey = obj.$ref.slice(prefix.length)
+      const canonical = remapping.get(refKey)
+      if (canonical !== undefined) {
+        obj.$ref = prefix + canonical
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  for (const value of Object.values(obj)) {
+    rewriteRefs(value, remapping)
+  }
+}

package/src/Schema/brand.ts

@@ -28,11 +28,18 @@ export interface Constructor<in out A extends B.Brand<any>> {
   is(a: Unbranded<A>): a is Unbranded<A> & A
 }
 
-export const fromBrand = <C extends B.Brand<string>>(
+type BrandAnnotations<C extends B.Brand<any>> =
+  & S.Annotations.Filter
+  & (
+    C extends string ? { readonly toArbitrary?: S.Annotations.ToArbitrary.Declaration<C, readonly []> }
+      : {}
+  )
+
+export const fromBrand = <C extends B.Brand<any>>(
   constructor: Constructor<C>,
-  options?: S.Annotations.Filter
+  options?: BrandAnnotations<C>
 ) =>
-<Self extends S.Top>(self: Self): S.brand<Self["~rebuild.out"], B.Brand.Keys<C>> => {
+<Self extends S.Top>(self: Self): S.brand<Self["Rebuild"], B.Brand.Keys<C>> => {
   const branded = S.fromBrand(options?.identifier ?? "Brand", constructor as any)(self as any)
   return options ? (branded as any).pipe(S.annotate(options)) : branded as any
 }

package/src/Schema/email.ts

@@ -12,11 +12,19 @@ export type Email = string & EmailBrand
 export const Email = S
   .String
   .pipe(
+    S.annotate({
+      title: "Email",
+      description: "an email according to RFC 5322",
+      format: "email"
+    }),
+    S.check(S.isMinLength(3), /* a@b */ S.isMaxLength(998)),
     S.refine(isValidEmail as Refinement<string, Email>, {
       identifier: "Email",
       title: "Email",
       description: "an email according to RFC 5322",
-      jsonSchema: { format: "email", minLength: 3, /* a@b */ maxLength: 998 },
-      arbitrary: () => (fc: any) => fc.emailAddress().map((_: any) => _ as Email)
+      jsonSchema: { format: "email", minLength: 3, maxLength: 998 }
+    }),
+    S.annotate({
+      toArbitrary: () => (fc) => fc.emailAddress().map((_) => _ as Email)
     })
   )