npm - dsh-x-core - Versions diffs - 0.1.22 → 0.1.25 - Mend

dsh-x-core 0.1.22 → 0.1.25

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package/node/node_modules/npm/docs/content/commands/npm-exec.md CHANGED Viewed

@@ -1,366 +1,366 @@
----
-title: npm-exec
-section: 1
-description: Run a command from a local or remote npm package
----
-### Synopsis
-```bash
-npm exec -- <pkg>[@<version>] [args...]
-npm exec --package=<pkg>[@<version>] -- <cmd> [args...]
-npm exec -c '<cmd> [args...]'
-npm exec --package=foo -c '<cmd> [args...]'
-alias: x
-```
-### Description
-This command allows you to run an arbitrary command from an npm package
-(either one installed locally, or fetched remotely), in a similar context
-as running it via `npm run`.
-Run without positional arguments or `--call`, this allows you to
-interactively run commands in the same sort of shell environment that
-`package.json` scripts are run.  Interactive mode is not supported in CI
-environments when standard input is a TTY, to prevent hangs.
-Whatever packages are specified by the `--package` option will be
-provided in the `PATH` of the executed command, along with any locally
-installed package executables.  The `--package` option may be
-specified multiple times, to execute the supplied command in an environment
-where all specified packages are available.
-If any requested packages are not present in the local project
-dependencies, then a prompt is printed, which can be suppressed by
-providing either `--yes` or `--no`. When standard input is not a TTY or a
-CI environment is detected, `--yes` is assumed. The requested packages are
-installed to a folder in the npm cache, which is added to the `PATH`
-environment variable in the executed process.
-Package names provided without a specifier will be matched with whatever
-version exists in the local project.  Package names with a specifier will
-only be considered a match if they have the exact same name and version as
-the local dependency.
-If no `-c` or `--call` option is provided, then the positional arguments
-are used to generate the command string.  If no `--package` options
-are provided, then npm will attempt to determine the executable name from
-the package specifier provided as the first positional argument according
-to the following heuristic:
-- If the package has a single entry in its `bin` field in `package.json`,
-  or if all entries are aliases of the same command, then that command
-  will be used.
-- If the package has multiple `bin` entries, and one of them matches the
-  unscoped portion of the `name` field, then that command will be used.
-- If this does not result in exactly one option (either because there are
-  no bin entries, or none of them match the `name` of the package), then
-  `npm exec` exits with an error.
-To run a binary _other than_ the named binary, specify one or more
-`--package` options, which will prevent npm from inferring the package from
-the first command argument.
-### `npx` vs `npm exec`
-When run via the `npx` binary, all flags and options *must* be set prior to
-any positional arguments.  When run via `npm exec`, a double-hyphen `--`
-flag can be used to suppress npm's parsing of switches and options that
-should be sent to the executed command.
-For example:
-```
-$ npx foo@latest bar --package=@npmcli/foo
-```
-In this case, npm will resolve the `foo` package name, and run the
-following command:
-```
-$ foo bar --package=@npmcli/foo
-```
-Since the `--package` option comes _after_ the positional arguments, it is
-treated as an argument to the executed command.
-In contrast, due to npm's argument parsing logic, running this command is
-different:
-```
-$ npm exec foo@latest bar --package=@npmcli/foo
-```
-In this case, npm will parse the `--package` option first, resolving the
-`@npmcli/foo` package.  Then, it will execute the following command in that
-context:
-```
-$ foo@latest bar
-```
-The double-hyphen character is recommended to explicitly tell npm to stop
-parsing command line options and switches.  The following command would
-thus be equivalent to the `npx` command above:
-```
-$ npm exec -- foo@latest bar --package=@npmcli/foo
-```
-### Configuration
-#### `package`
-* Default:
-* Type: String (can be set multiple times)
-The package or packages to install for [`npm exec`](/commands/npm-exec)
-#### `call`
-* Default: ""
-* Type: String
-Optional companion option for `npm exec`, `npx` that allows for specifying a
-custom command to be run along with the installed packages.
-```bash
-npm exec --package yo --package generator-node --call "yo node"
-```
-#### `workspace`
-* Default:
-* Type: String (can be set multiple times)
-Enable running a command in the context of the configured workspaces of the
-current project while filtering by running only the workspaces defined by
-this configuration option.
-Valid values for the `workspace` config are either:
-* Workspace names
-* Path to a workspace directory
-* Path to a parent workspace directory (will result in selecting all
-  workspaces within that folder)
-When set for the `npm init` command, this may be set to the folder of a
-workspace which does not yet exist, to create the folder and set it up as a
-brand new workspace within the project.
-This value is not exported to the environment for child processes.
-#### `workspaces`
-* Default: null
-* Type: null or Boolean
-Set to true to run the command in the context of **all** configured
-workspaces.
-Explicitly setting this to false will cause commands like `install` to
-ignore workspaces altogether. When not set explicitly:
-- Commands that operate on the `node_modules` tree (install, update, etc.)
-will link workspaces into the `node_modules` folder. - Commands that do
-other things (test, exec, publish, etc.) will operate on the root project,
-_unless_ one or more workspaces are specified in the `workspace` config.
-This value is not exported to the environment for child processes.
-#### `include-workspace-root`
-* Default: false
-* Type: Boolean
-Include the workspace root when workspaces are enabled for a command.
-When false, specifying individual workspaces via the `workspace` config, or
-all workspaces via the `workspaces` flag, will cause npm to operate only on
-the specified workspaces, and not on the root project.
-This value is not exported to the environment for child processes.
-### Examples
-Run the version of `tap` in the local dependencies, with the provided
-arguments:
-```
-$ npm exec -- tap --bail test/foo.js
-$ npx tap --bail test/foo.js
-```
-Run a command _other than_ the command whose name matches the package name
-by specifying a `--package` option:
-```
-$ npm exec --package=foo -- bar --bar-argument
-# ~ or ~
-$ npx --package=foo bar --bar-argument
-```
-Run an arbitrary shell script, in the context of the current project:
-```
-$ npm x -c 'eslint && say "hooray, lint passed"'
-$ npx -c 'eslint && say "hooray, lint passed"'
-```
-### Workspaces support
-You may use the [`workspace`](/using-npm/config#workspace) or
-[`workspaces`](/using-npm/config#workspaces) configs in order to run an
-arbitrary command from an npm package (either one installed locally, or fetched
-remotely) in the context of the specified workspaces.
-If no positional argument or `--call` option is provided, it will open an
-interactive subshell in the context of each of these configured workspaces one
-at a time.
-Given a project with configured workspaces, e.g:
-```
-.
-+-- package.json
-`-- packages
-   +-- a
-   |   `-- package.json
-   +-- b
-   |   `-- package.json
-   `-- c
-       `-- package.json
-```
-Assuming the workspace configuration is properly set up at the root level
-`package.json` file. e.g:
-```
-{
-    "workspaces": [ "./packages/*" ]
-}
-```
-You can execute an arbitrary command from a package in the context of each of
-the configured workspaces when using the
-[`workspaces` config options](/using-npm/config#workspace), in this example
-we're using **eslint** to lint any js file found within each workspace folder:
-```
-npm exec --ws -- eslint ./*.js
-```
-#### Filtering workspaces
-It's also possible to execute a command in a single workspace using the
-`workspace` config along with a name or directory path:
-```
-npm exec --workspace=a -- eslint ./*.js
-```
-The `workspace` config can also be specified multiple times in order to run a
-specific script in the context of multiple workspaces. When defining values for
-the `workspace` config in the command line, it also possible to use `-w` as a
-shorthand, e.g:
-```
-npm exec -w a -w b -- eslint ./*.js
-```
-This last command will run the `eslint` command in both `./packages/a` and
-`./packages/b` folders.
-### Compatibility with Older npx Versions
-The `npx` binary was rewritten in npm v7.0.0, and the standalone `npx`
-package deprecated at that time.  `npx` uses the `npm exec`
-command instead of a separate argument parser and install process, with
-some affordances to maintain backwards compatibility with the arguments it
-accepted in previous versions.
-This resulted in some shifts in its functionality:
-- Any `npm` config value may be provided.
-- To prevent security and user-experience problems from mistyping package
-  names, `npx` prompts before installing anything.  Suppress this
-  prompt with the `-y` or `--yes` option.
-- The `--no-install` option is deprecated, and will be converted to `--no`.
-- Shell fallback functionality is removed, as it is not advisable.
-- The `-p` argument is a shorthand for `--parseable` in npm, but shorthand
-  for `--package` in npx.  This is maintained, but only for the `npx`
-  executable.
-- The `--ignore-existing` option is removed.  Locally installed bins are
-  always present in the executed process `PATH`.
-- The `--npm` option is removed.  `npx` will always use the `npm` it ships
-  with.
-- The `--node-arg` and `-n` options are removed.
-- The `--always-spawn` option is redundant, and thus removed.
-- The `--shell` option is replaced with `--script-shell`, but maintained
-  in the `npx` executable for backwards compatibility.
-### A note on caching
-The npm cli utilizes its internal package cache when using the package
-name specified.  You can use the following to change how and when the
-cli uses this cache. See [`npm cache`](/commands/npm-cache) for more on
-how the cache works.
-#### prefer-online
-Forces staleness checks for packages, making the cli look for updates
-immediately even if the package is already in the cache.
-#### prefer-offline
-Bypasses staleness checks for packages.  Missing data will still be
-requested from the server. To force full offline mode, use `offline`.
-#### offline
-Forces full offline mode. Any packages not locally cached will result in
-an error.
-#### workspace
-* Default:
-* Type: String (can be set multiple times)
-Enable running a command in the context of the configured workspaces of the
-current project while filtering by running only the workspaces defined by
-this configuration option.
-Valid values for the `workspace` config are either:
-* Workspace names
-* Path to a workspace directory
-* Path to a parent workspace directory (will result to selecting all of the
-  nested workspaces)
-This value is not exported to the environment for child processes.
-#### workspaces
-* Alias: `--ws`
-* Type: Boolean
-* Default: `false`
-Run scripts in the context of all configured workspaces for the current
-project.
-### See Also
-* [npm run-script](/commands/npm-run-script)
-* [npm scripts](/using-npm/scripts)
-* [npm test](/commands/npm-test)
-* [npm start](/commands/npm-start)
-* [npm restart](/commands/npm-restart)
-* [npm stop](/commands/npm-stop)
-* [npm config](/commands/npm-config)
-* [npm workspaces](/using-npm/workspaces)
-* [npx](/commands/npx)
+---
+title: npm-exec
+section: 1
+description: Run a command from a local or remote npm package
+---
+### Synopsis
+```bash
+npm exec -- <pkg>[@<version>] [args...]
+npm exec --package=<pkg>[@<version>] -- <cmd> [args...]
+npm exec -c '<cmd> [args...]'
+npm exec --package=foo -c '<cmd> [args...]'
+alias: x
+```
+### Description
+This command allows you to run an arbitrary command from an npm package
+(either one installed locally, or fetched remotely), in a similar context
+as running it via `npm run`.
+Run without positional arguments or `--call`, this allows you to
+interactively run commands in the same sort of shell environment that
+`package.json` scripts are run.  Interactive mode is not supported in CI
+environments when standard input is a TTY, to prevent hangs.
+Whatever packages are specified by the `--package` option will be
+provided in the `PATH` of the executed command, along with any locally
+installed package executables.  The `--package` option may be
+specified multiple times, to execute the supplied command in an environment
+where all specified packages are available.
+If any requested packages are not present in the local project
+dependencies, then a prompt is printed, which can be suppressed by
+providing either `--yes` or `--no`. When standard input is not a TTY or a
+CI environment is detected, `--yes` is assumed. The requested packages are
+installed to a folder in the npm cache, which is added to the `PATH`
+environment variable in the executed process.
+Package names provided without a specifier will be matched with whatever
+version exists in the local project.  Package names with a specifier will
+only be considered a match if they have the exact same name and version as
+the local dependency.
+If no `-c` or `--call` option is provided, then the positional arguments
+are used to generate the command string.  If no `--package` options
+are provided, then npm will attempt to determine the executable name from
+the package specifier provided as the first positional argument according
+to the following heuristic:
+- If the package has a single entry in its `bin` field in `package.json`,
+  or if all entries are aliases of the same command, then that command
+  will be used.
+- If the package has multiple `bin` entries, and one of them matches the
+  unscoped portion of the `name` field, then that command will be used.
+- If this does not result in exactly one option (either because there are
+  no bin entries, or none of them match the `name` of the package), then
+  `npm exec` exits with an error.
+To run a binary _other than_ the named binary, specify one or more
+`--package` options, which will prevent npm from inferring the package from
+the first command argument.
+### `npx` vs `npm exec`
+When run via the `npx` binary, all flags and options *must* be set prior to
+any positional arguments.  When run via `npm exec`, a double-hyphen `--`
+flag can be used to suppress npm's parsing of switches and options that
+should be sent to the executed command.
+For example:
+```
+$ npx foo@latest bar --package=@npmcli/foo
+```
+In this case, npm will resolve the `foo` package name, and run the
+following command:
+```
+$ foo bar --package=@npmcli/foo
+```
+Since the `--package` option comes _after_ the positional arguments, it is
+treated as an argument to the executed command.
+In contrast, due to npm's argument parsing logic, running this command is
+different:
+```
+$ npm exec foo@latest bar --package=@npmcli/foo
+```
+In this case, npm will parse the `--package` option first, resolving the
+`@npmcli/foo` package.  Then, it will execute the following command in that
+context:
+```
+$ foo@latest bar
+```
+The double-hyphen character is recommended to explicitly tell npm to stop
+parsing command line options and switches.  The following command would
+thus be equivalent to the `npx` command above:
+```
+$ npm exec -- foo@latest bar --package=@npmcli/foo
+```
+### Configuration
+#### `package`
+* Default:
+* Type: String (can be set multiple times)
+The package or packages to install for [`npm exec`](/commands/npm-exec)
+#### `call`
+* Default: ""
+* Type: String
+Optional companion option for `npm exec`, `npx` that allows for specifying a
+custom command to be run along with the installed packages.
+```bash
+npm exec --package yo --package generator-node --call "yo node"
+```
+#### `workspace`
+* Default:
+* Type: String (can be set multiple times)
+Enable running a command in the context of the configured workspaces of the
+current project while filtering by running only the workspaces defined by
+this configuration option.
+Valid values for the `workspace` config are either:
+* Workspace names
+* Path to a workspace directory
+* Path to a parent workspace directory (will result in selecting all
+  workspaces within that folder)
+When set for the `npm init` command, this may be set to the folder of a
+workspace which does not yet exist, to create the folder and set it up as a
+brand new workspace within the project.
+This value is not exported to the environment for child processes.
+#### `workspaces`
+* Default: null
+* Type: null or Boolean
+Set to true to run the command in the context of **all** configured
+workspaces.
+Explicitly setting this to false will cause commands like `install` to
+ignore workspaces altogether. When not set explicitly:
+- Commands that operate on the `node_modules` tree (install, update, etc.)
+will link workspaces into the `node_modules` folder. - Commands that do
+other things (test, exec, publish, etc.) will operate on the root project,
+_unless_ one or more workspaces are specified in the `workspace` config.
+This value is not exported to the environment for child processes.
+#### `include-workspace-root`
+* Default: false
+* Type: Boolean
+Include the workspace root when workspaces are enabled for a command.
+When false, specifying individual workspaces via the `workspace` config, or
+all workspaces via the `workspaces` flag, will cause npm to operate only on
+the specified workspaces, and not on the root project.
+This value is not exported to the environment for child processes.
+### Examples
+Run the version of `tap` in the local dependencies, with the provided
+arguments:
+```
+$ npm exec -- tap --bail test/foo.js
+$ npx tap --bail test/foo.js
+```
+Run a command _other than_ the command whose name matches the package name
+by specifying a `--package` option:
+```
+$ npm exec --package=foo -- bar --bar-argument
+# ~ or ~
+$ npx --package=foo bar --bar-argument
+```
+Run an arbitrary shell script, in the context of the current project:
+```
+$ npm x -c 'eslint && say "hooray, lint passed"'
+$ npx -c 'eslint && say "hooray, lint passed"'
+```
+### Workspaces support
+You may use the [`workspace`](/using-npm/config#workspace) or
+[`workspaces`](/using-npm/config#workspaces) configs in order to run an
+arbitrary command from an npm package (either one installed locally, or fetched
+remotely) in the context of the specified workspaces.
+If no positional argument or `--call` option is provided, it will open an
+interactive subshell in the context of each of these configured workspaces one
+at a time.
+Given a project with configured workspaces, e.g:
+```
+.
++-- package.json
+`-- packages
+   +-- a
+   |   `-- package.json
+   +-- b
+   |   `-- package.json
+   `-- c
+       `-- package.json
+```
+Assuming the workspace configuration is properly set up at the root level
+`package.json` file. e.g:
+```
+{
+    "workspaces": [ "./packages/*" ]
+}
+```
+You can execute an arbitrary command from a package in the context of each of
+the configured workspaces when using the
+[`workspaces` config options](/using-npm/config#workspace), in this example
+we're using **eslint** to lint any js file found within each workspace folder:
+```
+npm exec --ws -- eslint ./*.js
+```
+#### Filtering workspaces
+It's also possible to execute a command in a single workspace using the
+`workspace` config along with a name or directory path:
+```
+npm exec --workspace=a -- eslint ./*.js
+```
+The `workspace` config can also be specified multiple times in order to run a
+specific script in the context of multiple workspaces. When defining values for
+the `workspace` config in the command line, it also possible to use `-w` as a
+shorthand, e.g:
+```
+npm exec -w a -w b -- eslint ./*.js
+```
+This last command will run the `eslint` command in both `./packages/a` and
+`./packages/b` folders.
+### Compatibility with Older npx Versions
+The `npx` binary was rewritten in npm v7.0.0, and the standalone `npx`
+package deprecated at that time.  `npx` uses the `npm exec`
+command instead of a separate argument parser and install process, with
+some affordances to maintain backwards compatibility with the arguments it
+accepted in previous versions.
+This resulted in some shifts in its functionality:
+- Any `npm` config value may be provided.
+- To prevent security and user-experience problems from mistyping package
+  names, `npx` prompts before installing anything.  Suppress this
+  prompt with the `-y` or `--yes` option.
+- The `--no-install` option is deprecated, and will be converted to `--no`.
+- Shell fallback functionality is removed, as it is not advisable.
+- The `-p` argument is a shorthand for `--parseable` in npm, but shorthand
+  for `--package` in npx.  This is maintained, but only for the `npx`
+  executable.
+- The `--ignore-existing` option is removed.  Locally installed bins are
+  always present in the executed process `PATH`.
+- The `--npm` option is removed.  `npx` will always use the `npm` it ships
+  with.
+- The `--node-arg` and `-n` options are removed.
+- The `--always-spawn` option is redundant, and thus removed.
+- The `--shell` option is replaced with `--script-shell`, but maintained
+  in the `npx` executable for backwards compatibility.
+### A note on caching
+The npm cli utilizes its internal package cache when using the package
+name specified.  You can use the following to change how and when the
+cli uses this cache. See [`npm cache`](/commands/npm-cache) for more on
+how the cache works.
+#### prefer-online
+Forces staleness checks for packages, making the cli look for updates
+immediately even if the package is already in the cache.
+#### prefer-offline
+Bypasses staleness checks for packages.  Missing data will still be
+requested from the server. To force full offline mode, use `offline`.
+#### offline
+Forces full offline mode. Any packages not locally cached will result in
+an error.
+#### workspace
+* Default:
+* Type: String (can be set multiple times)
+Enable running a command in the context of the configured workspaces of the
+current project while filtering by running only the workspaces defined by
+this configuration option.
+Valid values for the `workspace` config are either:
+* Workspace names
+* Path to a workspace directory
+* Path to a parent workspace directory (will result to selecting all of the
+  nested workspaces)
+This value is not exported to the environment for child processes.
+#### workspaces
+* Alias: `--ws`
+* Type: Boolean
+* Default: `false`
+Run scripts in the context of all configured workspaces for the current
+project.
+### See Also
+* [npm run-script](/commands/npm-run-script)
+* [npm scripts](/using-npm/scripts)
+* [npm test](/commands/npm-test)
+* [npm start](/commands/npm-start)
+* [npm restart](/commands/npm-restart)
+* [npm stop](/commands/npm-stop)
+* [npm config](/commands/npm-config)
+* [npm workspaces](/using-npm/workspaces)
+* [npx](/commands/npx)