dsh-labscript 0.2.0 → 0.2.1

package/python/bridge.py

@@ -1,1445 +1,1506 @@
-"""dsh-labscript bridge: one JSON request on stdin, one JSON envelope on stdout.
-
-commands: status, set, engage, wait, abort, data, restore,
-          protocol_plan, protocol_start, protocol_finalize, progress
-
-The node plugin spawns this script with one python interpreter configured by the
-user; it must be able to import numpy and h5py (the labscript environment has
-both). The labscript backend additionally imports runmanager.remote lazily.
-"""
-import ast
-import glob
-import json
-import os
-import sys
-import time
-import datetime
-import importlib
-import traceback
-
-
-class BridgeError(Exception):
-    def __init__(self, code, message, detail=None):
-        Exception.__init__(self, message)
-        self.code = code
-        self.message = message
-        self.detail = detail or {}
-
-
-def now_iso():
-    return datetime.datetime.now().astimezone().isoformat(timespec="seconds")
-
-
-def expand(path):
-    if not path:
-        return path
-    return os.path.expanduser(str(path))
-
-
-def jsonable(value):
-    if hasattr(value, "tolist"):
-        return jsonable(value.tolist())
-    if hasattr(value, "item"):
-        return jsonable(value.item())
-    if isinstance(value, dict):
-        return dict((str(k), jsonable(v)) for k, v in value.items())
-    if isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
-        return [jsonable(v) for v in value]
-    if isinstance(value, float):
-        if value != value or value in (float("inf"), float("-inf")):
-            return None
-        return value
-    if isinstance(value, (str, int, bool)) or value is None:
-        return value
-    return str(value)
-
-
-
-_H5_LOCK_LOADED = False
-
-
-def ensure_h5_lock():
-    """Import labscript_utils.h5_lock before h5py (labscript requirement)."""
-    global _H5_LOCK_LOADED
-    if _H5_LOCK_LOADED:
-        return True
-    try:
-        import labscript_utils.h5_lock  # noqa: F401
-        _H5_LOCK_LOADED = True
-        return True
-    except Exception:
-        return False
-
-
-def shot_ready(path):
-    """True when a shot h5 is complete enough to read (best effort, never raises)."""
-    ensure_h5_lock()
-    try:
-        import h5py
-        with h5py.File(path, "r", locking=False) as handle:
-            return "globals" in handle
-    except Exception:
-        return False
-
-
-def shot_executed(path):
-    """True/False when a shot shows acquisition data; None when unknown.
-
-    labscript compiles shot h5 files before BLACS executes them. A compiled but
-    not executed shot has no images/results yet; this is how a stalled queue
-    (for example BLACS paused) can be told apart from a normal run in progress.
-    """
-    ensure_h5_lock()
-    try:
-        import h5py
-        with h5py.File(path, "r", locking=False) as handle:
-            if "images" in handle:
-                cameras = handle["images"]
-                if isinstance(cameras, h5py.Group):
-                    for camera in cameras:
-                        camera_group = cameras[camera]
-                        if isinstance(camera_group, h5py.Group):
-                            for label in camera_group:
-                                label_group = camera_group[label]
-                                if isinstance(label_group, h5py.Group) and len(label_group) > 0:
-                                    return True
-            if "results" in handle:
-                results = handle["results"]
-                if isinstance(results, h5py.Group):
-                    for name in results:
-                        group = results[name]
-                        if isinstance(group, h5py.Group) and (len(group) > 0 or len(group.attrs) > 0):
-                            return True
-        return False
-    except Exception:
-        return None
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------- scan expr
-
-_ALLOWED_CALLS = {"arange", "linspace", "array", "logspace"}
-_ALLOWED_NODES = (
-    ast.Expression, ast.Call, ast.Attribute, ast.Name, ast.Load, ast.Constant,
-    ast.List, ast.Tuple, ast.UnaryOp, ast.USub, ast.UAdd, ast.BinOp, ast.Add,
-    ast.Sub, ast.Mult, ast.Div, ast.Mod, ast.Pow,
-)
-
-
-def _num_arg(node):
-    value = ast.literal_eval(node)
-    if isinstance(value, bool) or not isinstance(value, (int, float)):
-        raise BridgeError("BAD_SCAN_EXPR", "scan expression argument is not numeric")
-    return value
-
-
-def eval_scan_expr(expr):
-    """Evaluate the small scan-expression subset used by protocols (np.arange...)."""
-    import numpy as np
-    if isinstance(expr, bool):
-        raise BridgeError("BAD_SCAN_EXPR", "scan expression cannot be a bool")
-    if isinstance(expr, (int, float)):
-        return np.atleast_1d(np.asarray(expr, dtype=float))
-    if isinstance(expr, (list, tuple)):
-        return np.asarray([float(v) for v in expr], dtype=float)
-    text = str(expr).strip()
-    if text == "":
-        raise BridgeError("BAD_SCAN_EXPR", "scan expression is empty")
-    try:
-        tree = ast.parse(text, mode="eval")
-    except SyntaxError as exc:
-        raise BridgeError("BAD_SCAN_EXPR", "cannot parse scan expression: " + str(exc))
-    for node in ast.walk(tree):
-        if not isinstance(node, _ALLOWED_NODES):
-            raise BridgeError("BAD_SCAN_EXPR", "scan expression node not allowed: " + type(node).__name__)
-        if isinstance(node, ast.Call):
-            if not isinstance(node.func, ast.Attribute):
-                raise BridgeError("BAD_SCAN_EXPR", "only np.* calls are allowed")
-            if not isinstance(node.func.value, ast.Name) or node.func.value.id != "np":
-                raise BridgeError("BAD_SCAN_EXPR", "only np.* calls are allowed")
-            if node.func.attr not in _ALLOWED_CALLS:
-                raise BridgeError("BAD_SCAN_EXPR", "np." + node.func.attr + " is not allowed")
-            for arg in node.args:
-                if isinstance(arg, ast.Constant):
-                    _num_arg(arg)
-                elif isinstance(arg, (ast.List, ast.Tuple)):
-                    for item in arg.elts:
-                        if isinstance(item, ast.Constant):
-                            _num_arg(item)
-                        elif not isinstance(item, (ast.UnaryOp, ast.BinOp)):
-                            raise BridgeError("BAD_SCAN_EXPR", "unsupported scan expression argument")
-                elif not isinstance(arg, (ast.UnaryOp, ast.BinOp)):
-                    raise BridgeError("BAD_SCAN_EXPR", "unsupported scan expression argument")
-    env = {"np": np, "__builtins__": {}}
-    try:
-        value = eval(compile(tree, "<scan>", "eval"), env)
-    except Exception as exc:
-        raise BridgeError("BAD_SCAN_EXPR", "scan expression evaluation failed: " + str(exc))
-    return np.atleast_1d(np.asarray(value, dtype=float))
-
-
-def eval_panel_value(raw):
-    """Evaluate a raw panel string the way runmanager does (best effort)."""
-    import numpy as np
-    text = str(raw).strip()
-    if text == "":
-        return ""
-    if "np." in text or text.startswith("["):
-        try:
-            arr = eval_scan_expr(text)
-            return arr if arr.size > 1 else arr[0]
-        except BridgeError:
-            pass
-    try:
-        return ast.literal_eval(text)
-    except Exception:
-        return str(raw)
-
-
-def raw_repr(value):
-    if isinstance(value, bool):
-        return "True" if value else "False"
-    if isinstance(value, (int, float)):
-        return repr(value)
-    if isinstance(value, str):
-        return repr(value)
-    if isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
-        return repr(list(value))
-    return repr(value)
-
-
-def values_to_raw(values):
-    """Convert JSON values to runmanager raw expressions (arrays included)."""
-    out = {}
-    for key, value in values.items():
-        if isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
-            out[str(key)] = scan_expr_from_value(list(value))
-        else:
-            out[str(key)] = raw_repr(value)
-    return out
-
-
-def has_array_value(values):
-    return any(isinstance(value, (list, tuple)) for value in values.values())
-
-
-def to_raw_values(values):
-    """Stringify evaluated globals into runmanager raw expressions."""
-    out = {}
-    for key, value in values.items():
-        if isinstance(value, str):
-            out[str(key)] = value
-        elif isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
-            out[str(key)] = "np.array([" + ",".join(repr(float(item)) for item in value) + "])"
-        else:
-            out[str(key)] = raw_repr(value)
-    return out
-
-
-def as_number(value):
-    if isinstance(value, bool):
-        return None
-    if isinstance(value, (int, float)):
-        return float(value)
-    return None
-
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------- backends
-
-
-def map_path(config, path):
-    if not path:
-        return path
-    text = str(path)
-    for rule in config.get("pathMap") or []:
-        remote = rule.get("remotePrefix") or ""
-        local = rule.get("localPrefix") or ""
-        if remote and local and text.startswith(remote):
-            return local + text[len(remote):]
-    return text
-
-
-class LabscriptBackend(object):
-    def __init__(self, config):
-        self.config = config
-        self._client = None
-
-    def client(self):
-        if self._client is not None:
-            return self._client
-        try:
-            from labscript_utils import h5_lock  # noqa: F401  (must precede h5py)
-        except Exception:
-            pass
-        try:
-            from runmanager.remote import Client
-        except Exception as exc:
-            raise BridgeError("BACKEND_UNAVAILABLE", "labscript python environment not importable: " + str(exc))
-        rm = self.config.get("runmanager") or {}
-        host = rm.get("host") or "127.0.0.1"
-        port = int(rm.get("port") or 42523)
-        timeout = float(rm.get("timeoutS") or 10)
-        try:
-            client = Client(host=host, port=port, timeout=timeout)
-            client.say_hello()
-        except Exception as exc:
-            raise BridgeError("BACKEND_UNAVAILABLE", "runmanager not reachable at " + host + ":" + str(port) + ": " + str(exc))
-        self._client = client
-        return client
-
-    def version(self):
-        try:
-            return str(self.client().get_version())
-        except Exception:
-            return None
-
-    def get_globals(self, raw=False):
-        return dict(self.client().get_globals(raw=raw))
-
-    def set_globals(self, values, raw=False):
-        return dict(self.client().set_globals(values, raw=raw))
-
-    def n_shots(self):
-        return int(self.client().n_shots())
-
-    def error_in_globals(self):
-        return bool(self.client().error_in_globals())
-
-    def run_shots(self):
-        try:
-            return bool(self.client().get_run_shots())
-        except Exception:
-            return None
-
-    def labscript_file(self):
-        try:
-            return self.client().get_labscript_file()
-        except Exception:
-            return None
-
-    def shot_output_folder(self):
-        try:
-            return self.client().get_shot_output_folder()
-        except Exception:
-            return None
-
-    def engage(self):
-        # runmanager advances the sequence index on engage: capture the folder first.
-        run_folder = self.shot_output_folder()
-        n_shots = self.n_shots()
-        try:
-            self.client().engage()
-        except Exception as exc:
-            raise BridgeError("ENGAGE_REJECTED", "runmanager engage failed: " + type(exc).__name__ + ": " + str(exc))
-        return {"accepted": True, "n_shots": n_shots, "run_folder": run_folder, "mode": "runmanager"}
-
-    def abort(self):
-        return self.client().abort()
-
-
-MOCK_DEFAULT_PANEL = {
-    "do_acquire": True,
-    "duration_test_us": 1.0,
-    "amplitude": 0.5,
-    "dummy_iterator": 0,
-}
-
-
-class MockBackend(object):
-    """In-memory simulator used for tests, examples and hardware-free development."""
-
-    def __init__(self, config):
-        self.config = config
-        mock = config.get("mock") or {}
-        self.state_dir = os.path.abspath(expand(mock.get("stateDir") or "~/.dsh-labscript/mock"))
-        os.makedirs(self.state_dir, exist_ok=True)
-        self.panel_path = os.path.join(self.state_dir, "panel.json")
-        self.state_path = os.path.join(self.state_dir, "state.json")
-        self.runs_dir = os.path.join(self.state_dir, "runs")
-        os.makedirs(self.runs_dir, exist_ok=True)
-
-    # ---- state helpers
-    def read_panel(self):
-        if os.path.isfile(self.panel_path):
-            with open(self.panel_path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
-                data = json.load(handle)
-        else:
-            data = dict((k, raw_repr(v)) for k, v in MOCK_DEFAULT_PANEL.items())
-        return data
-
-    def write_panel(self, raw_panel):
-        with open(self.panel_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
-            json.dump(raw_panel, handle, indent=1)
-
-    def next_run_folder(self):
-        state = {}
-        if os.path.isfile(self.state_path):
-            with open(self.state_path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
-                state = json.load(handle)
-        index = int(state.get("last_run") or 0) + 1
-        state["last_run"] = index
-        with open(self.state_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
-            json.dump(state, handle)
-        folder = os.path.join(self.runs_dir, "run_" + ("%06d" % index))
-        os.makedirs(folder, exist_ok=True)
-        return folder
-
-    # ---- backend interface
-    def get_globals(self, raw=False):
-        panel = self.read_panel()
-        if raw:
-            return dict(panel)
-        return dict((k, jsonable(eval_panel_value(v))) for k, v in panel.items())
-
-    def set_globals(self, values, raw=False):
-        panel = self.read_panel()
-        for key, value in values.items():
-            panel[str(key)] = str(value) if raw else raw_repr(value)
-        self.write_panel(panel)
-        return dict((k, panel[k]) for k in values)
-
-    def n_shots(self):
-        import numpy as np
-        total = 1
-        for value in self.get_globals(raw=False).values():
-            arr = np.asarray(value) if hasattr(value, "__len__") and not isinstance(value, str) else None
-            if arr is None or arr.ndim == 0:
-                continue
-            total *= max(1, int(arr.size))
-        return int(total)
-
-    def error_in_globals(self):
-        return False
-
-    def run_shots(self):
-        return True
-
-    def labscript_file(self):
-        return "mock_sequence.py"
-
-    def shot_output_folder(self):
-        return self.runs_dir
-
-    def engage(self):
-        import h5py
-        import numpy as np
-        values = self.get_globals(raw=False)
-        arrays = {}
-        for key, value in values.items():
-            if isinstance(value, str):
-                continue
-            arr = np.asarray(value)
-            if arr.ndim >= 1 and arr.size > 1:
-                arrays[key] = arr
-        total = 1
-        for arr in arrays.values():
-            total *= int(arr.size)
-        folder = self.next_run_folder()
-        for index in range(total):
-            attrs = {}
-            for key, value in values.items():
-                if key in arrays:
-                    arr = arrays[key]
-                    attrs[key] = arr.flat[index % arr.size]
-                elif isinstance(value, str):
-                    attrs[key] = value
-                else:
-                    attrs[key] = value
-            shot_path = os.path.join(folder, "shot_" + ("%04d" % index) + ".h5")
-            with h5py.File(shot_path, "w") as handle:
-                group = handle.create_group("globals")
-                for key, value in attrs.items():
-                    group.attrs[key] = value
-                results = handle.create_group("results/demo")
-                results.attrs["value"] = float(index)
-                results.create_dataset("mean", data=float(index))
-        return {"accepted": True, "n_shots": total, "run_folder": folder, "mode": "mock-labscript"}
-
-    def abort(self):
-        return {"aborted": True, "mode": "mock-labscript"}
-
-
-class HttpSimBackend(object):
-    """HTTP client for an optional local simulator service (development backend).
-
-    The simulator must speak the documented JSON/HTTP contract on a loopback address.
-    It is a development tool, not a physics backend for publication.
-    """
-
-    def __init__(self, config):
-        simulator = config.get("simulator") or {}
-        url = str(simulator.get("url") or "http://127.0.0.1:18761").rstrip("/")
-        if not url.startswith("http://127.0.0.1:"):
-            raise BridgeError("BAD_CONFIG", "simulator.url must be http://127.0.0.1:<port>, got: " + url)
-        self.base = url
-        self.timeout = float(simulator.get("timeoutS") or 10)
-        self._opener = None
-
-    def opener(self):
-        import urllib.request
-        if self._opener is not None:
-            return self._opener
-
-        class NoRedirect(urllib.request.HTTPRedirectHandler):
-            def redirect_request(self, req, fp, code, msg, headers, newurl):
-                return None
-
-        self._opener = urllib.request.build_opener(NoRedirect, urllib.request.ProxyHandler({}))
-        return self._opener
-
-    def request(self, method, path, body=None):
-        import urllib.request
-        import urllib.error
-        data = None
-        headers = {}
-        if body is not None:
-            data = json.dumps(jsonable(body)).encode("utf-8")
-            headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json"
-        req = urllib.request.Request(self.base + path, data=data, headers=headers, method=method)
-        try:
-            with self.opener().open(req, timeout=self.timeout) as response:
-                raw = response.read().decode("utf-8")
-        except urllib.error.HTTPError as exc:
-            try:
-                payload = json.loads(exc.read().decode("utf-8"))
-            except Exception:
-                raise BridgeError("BACKEND_UNAVAILABLE", "http-sim HTTP " + str(exc.code) + " at " + path)
-            error = payload.get("error") or {}
-            raise BridgeError(str(error.get("code") or "BACKEND_UNAVAILABLE"), str(error.get("message") or "http-sim error"))
-        except Exception as exc:
-            raise BridgeError("BACKEND_UNAVAILABLE", "http-sim not reachable at " + self.base + ": " + str(exc))
-        try:
-            envelope = json.loads(raw)
-        except Exception:
-            raise BridgeError("BACKEND_UNAVAILABLE", "http-sim response is not JSON")
-        if envelope.get("ok") is not True:
-            error = envelope.get("error") or {}
-            raise BridgeError(str(error.get("code") or "BACKEND_UNAVAILABLE"), str(error.get("message") or "http-sim error"))
-        return envelope.get("data") or {}
-
-    def snapshot(self):
-        return self.request("GET", "/v1/rm/snapshot")
-
-    def get_globals(self, raw=False):
-        snap = self.snapshot()
-        key = "raw_globals" if raw else "globals"
-        return dict(snap.get(key) or {})
-
-    def set_globals(self, values, raw=False):
-        body = dict((k, v.tolist() if hasattr(v, "tolist") else v) for k, v in values.items())
-        data = self.request("POST", "/v1/rm/set_globals", {"values": body, "raw": bool(raw)})
-        return dict(data.get("written") or {})
-
-    def n_shots(self):
-        return int(self.snapshot().get("n_shots") or 0)
-
-    def error_in_globals(self):
-        return bool(self.snapshot().get("error_in_globals"))
-
-    def run_shots(self):
-        return True
-
-    def labscript_file(self):
-        return self.snapshot().get("labscript_file")
-
-    def shot_output_folder(self):
-        return self.snapshot().get("shot_output_folder")
-
-    def engage(self):
-        data = self.request("POST", "/v1/rm/engage", {})
-        if data.get("accepted") is not True:
-            raise BridgeError("ENGAGE_REJECTED", "http-sim did not accept engage: " + str(data.get("detail") or ""))
-        return {"accepted": True, "n_shots": data.get("n_shots"), "run_folder": data.get("run_folder"), "mode": "http-sim"}
-
-    def abort(self):
-        data = self.request("POST", "/v1/blacs/stop", {})
-        return {"aborted": True, "via": "http-sim/blacs/stop", "result": data}
-
-
-def make_backend(config):
-    backend = (config.get("backend") or "mock-labscript").lower()
-    if backend == "mock-labscript":
-        return MockBackend(config)
-    if backend == "http-sim":
-        return HttpSimBackend(config)
-    if backend == "labscript":
-        return LabscriptBackend(config)
-    raise BridgeError("BAD_CONFIG", "unknown backend: " + backend)
-
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------- snapshots / logs
-
-
-def history_dir(config):
-    mock = config.get("mock") or {}
-    base = config.get("panelHistoryDir") or os.path.join(expand("~/.dsh-labscript"), "panel_history")
-    if (config.get("backend") or "").lower() == "mock-labscript" and mock.get("historyDir"):
-        base = mock["historyDir"]
-    path = os.path.abspath(expand(base))
-    os.makedirs(path, exist_ok=True)
-    return path
-
-
-def snapshot_panel(backend, config, tool, args, touched=None):
-    panel = backend.get_globals(raw=True)
-    folder = history_dir(config)
-    stamp = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d-%H%M%S")
-    name = stamp + "-" + tool + "-" + os.urandom(3).hex() + ".json"
-    path = os.path.join(folder, name)
-    with open(path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
-        json.dump({
-            "ts": now_iso(),
-            "tool": tool,
-            "args": jsonable(args),
-            "backend": config.get("backend"),
-            "raw_globals": jsonable(panel),
-            "globals": jsonable(backend.get_globals(raw=False)),
-            "touched": sorted(str(key) for key in touched) if touched is not None else None,
-        }, handle, indent=1)
-    prune_keep = 200
-    files = sorted(glob.glob(os.path.join(folder, "*.json")))
-    for old in files[:-prune_keep]:
-        try:
-            os.remove(old)
-        except OSError:
-            pass
-    return {"file": path, "name": name, "dir": folder}
-
-
-def append_event(config, event):
-    folder = history_dir(config)
-    path = os.path.join(folder, "events.jsonl")
-    with open(path, "a", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
-        handle.write(json.dumps(jsonable(event), ensure_ascii=False) + "\n")
-
-
-def load_snapshot(config, name):
-    folder = history_dir(config)
-    if not name or name == "latest":
-        files = sorted(glob.glob(os.path.join(folder, "*.json")))
-        if not files:
-            raise BridgeError("NO_SNAPSHOT", "no panel snapshot found in " + folder)
-        path = files[-1]
-    else:
-        path = name if os.path.isabs(name) else os.path.join(folder, name)
-    if not os.path.isfile(path):
-        raise BridgeError("NO_SNAPSHOT", "snapshot not found: " + str(path))
-    with open(path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
-        data = json.load(handle)
-    return path, data
-
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------- hard limits
-
-
-def load_limits(config):
-    path = config.get("hardLimitsFile")
-    if not path:
-        return None
-    path = os.path.abspath(expand(path))
-    if not os.path.isfile(path):
-        raise BridgeError("HARD_LIMITS_UNREADABLE", "hardLimitsFile does not exist: " + path)
-    try:
-        with open(path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
-            doc = json.load(handle)
-    except Exception as exc:
-        raise BridgeError("HARD_LIMITS_UNREADABLE", "cannot read hardLimitsFile: " + str(exc))
-    limits = {}
-    for name, meta in (doc.get("limits") or {}).items():
-        if isinstance(meta, dict):
-            limits[str(name)] = dict(meta)
-    for channel, meta in (doc.get("channels") or {}).items():
-        if not isinstance(meta, dict):
-            continue
-        expanded = dict((k, v) for k, v in meta.items() if k != "globals")
-        expanded["channel"] = channel
-        for name in meta.get("globals") or []:
-            limits[str(name)] = dict(expanded)
-    return {"doc": doc, "limits": limits}
-
-
-def check_limits(config, set_values, scan_values, expected_n_shots):
-    loaded = load_limits(config)
-    if loaded is None:
-        return {"checked": False, "warning": "hardLimitsFile not configured"}
-    findings = []
-    limits = loaded["limits"]
-    for key, raw in (set_values or {}).items():
-        meta = limits.get(key)
-        number = as_number(raw)
-        if meta is None or number is None:
-            continue
-        maximum = as_number(meta.get("max"))
-        if maximum is not None and number > maximum:
-            findings.append({"kind": "over_max", "key": key, "value": number, "max": maximum})
-    for key, expr in (scan_values or {}).items():
-        meta = limits.get(key)
-        if meta is None:
-            continue
-        maximum = as_number(meta.get("max"))
-        if maximum is None:
-            continue
-        arr = eval_scan_expr(expr)
-        if arr.size and float(arr.max()) > maximum:
-            findings.append({"kind": "over_max_scan", "key": key, "max_in_scan": float(arr.max()), "max": maximum})
-    doc = loaded["doc"]
-    max_shots = None
-    run_limits = doc.get("run_limits") or {}
-    if isinstance(run_limits, dict):
-        max_shots = run_limits.get("maxTotalShots") or run_limits.get("max_total_shots")
-    if isinstance(max_shots, int) and expected_n_shots is not None and expected_n_shots > max_shots:
-        findings.append({"kind": "over_max_total_shots", "expected": expected_n_shots, "max": max_shots})
-    if findings:
-        raise BridgeError("HARD_LIMIT_EXCEEDED", "hard limit exceeded", {"findings": findings})
-    return {"checked": True, "findings": []}
-
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------- postprocess
-
-
-def run_postprocess(config, plan, run_folder, scan_global, reps):
-    name = plan.get("postprocess")
-    if not name:
-        return None
-    spec = config.get("postprocess") or {}
-    entry = spec.get("entry")
-    if not entry:
-        raise BridgeError("POSTPROCESS_NOT_CONFIGURED", "protocol asks for postprocess but config.postprocess.entry is not set")
-    for extra in spec.get("pythonPaths") or []:
-        path = os.path.abspath(expand(extra))
-        if path not in sys.path:
-            sys.path.insert(0, path)
-    if ":" in entry:
-        module_name, func_name = entry.split(":", 1)
-    else:
-        module_name, func_name = entry.rsplit(".", 1)
-    try:
-        module = importlib.import_module(module_name)
-        func = getattr(module, func_name)
-    except Exception as exc:
-        raise BridgeError("POSTPROCESS_IMPORT_FAILED", "cannot import postprocess " + entry + ": " + str(exc))
-    try:
-        result = func(run_folder=run_folder, scan_global=scan_global, reps=reps, name=name)
-    except TypeError:
-        try:
-            result = func(run_folder, scan_global, reps, name)
-        except Exception as exc:
-            raise BridgeError("POSTPROCESS_FAILED", "postprocess raised: " + str(exc))
-    except Exception as exc:
-        raise BridgeError("POSTPROCESS_FAILED", "postprocess raised: " + str(exc))
-    if not isinstance(result, dict):
-        raise BridgeError("POSTPROCESS_BAD_RESULT", "postprocess must return a dict, got " + type(result).__name__)
-    return jsonable(result)
-
-
-def resolve_dotted(obj, dotted):
-    current = obj
-    for part in str(dotted).split("."):
-        if not isinstance(current, dict):
-            return None
-        current = current.get(part)
-    return current
-
-
-def apply_finish(backend, config, plan, result, run_folder):
-    out = {}
-    finish = plan.get("finish") or {}
-    panel = finish.get("panel") or {}
-    writes = {}
-    for key, dotted in panel.items():
-        value = as_number(resolve_dotted(result, dotted))
-        if value is not None:
-            writes[str(key)] = value
-    if writes:
-        out["panel"] = jsonable(backend.set_globals(writes, raw=False))
-    history = finish.get("history") or {}
-    rows = []
-    log_path = config.get("calibrationLog")
-    if history and log_path:
-        log_path = os.path.abspath(expand(log_path))
-        os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(log_path), exist_ok=True)
-        with open(log_path, "a", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
-            for key, dotted in history.items():
-                value = as_number(resolve_dotted(result, dotted))
-                if value is None:
-                    continue
-                row = {
-                    "ts": now_iso(),
-                    "protocol": plan.get("name") or plan.get("labscript"),
-                    "run_folder": run_folder,
-                    "key": str(key),
-                    "value": value,
-                    "postprocess": plan.get("postprocess"),
-                }
-                handle.write(json.dumps(row, ensure_ascii=False) + "\n")
-                rows.append(row)
-    if rows:
-        out["history"] = rows
-    return out
-
-
-def restore_panel(backend, config, snapshot_file, protected, only_touched=True):
-    _, data = load_snapshot(config, snapshot_file) if snapshot_file else load_snapshot(config, "latest")
-    protected = protected or set()
-    touched = data.get("touched")
-    use_raw = isinstance(backend, LabscriptBackend)
-    if use_raw:
-        values = to_raw_values(data.get("raw_globals") or {})
-    else:
-        values = data.get("globals")
-        if not values:
-            values = to_raw_values(data.get("raw_globals") or {})
-            use_raw = True
-    if not values:
-        return {"restored": False, "reason": "snapshot has no values"}
-    if only_touched and touched:
-        wanted = set(str(key) for key in touched)
-        values = dict((k, v) for k, v in values.items() if k in wanted)
-    if protected:
-        values = dict((k, v) for k, v in values.items() if k not in protected)
-    if not values:
-        return {"restored": False, "reason": "nothing to restore after filtering touched/protected keys"}
-    written = backend.set_globals(values, raw=use_raw)
-    readback = backend.get_globals(raw=True)
-    return {
-        "restored": True,
-        "selective": bool(only_touched and touched),
-        "keys": sorted(str(key) for key in values),
-        "from": data.get("ts"),
-        "written": jsonable(written),
-        "readback": jsonable(readback),
-    }
-
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------- protocol plan
-
-
-def normalize_plan(raw):
-    if not isinstance(raw, dict):
-        raise BridgeError("BAD_PROTOCOL", "protocol must be a mapping")
-    plan = {}
-    plan["name"] = raw.get("name") or raw.get("protocol") or ""
-    plan["labscript"] = raw.get("labscript")
-    plan["joint_script"] = raw.get("joint_script")
-    plan["set"] = dict(raw.get("set") or {})
-    plan["scan"] = dict(raw.get("scan") or {})
-    plan["reps"] = raw.get("reps", 1)
-    plan["engage"] = bool(raw.get("engage", True))
-    plan["postprocess"] = raw.get("postprocess") or raw.get("analysis")
-    finish = raw.get("finish") or {}
-    plan["finish"] = {
-        "restore": bool(finish.get("restore", True)),
-        "panel": dict(finish.get("panel") or {}),
-        "history": dict(finish.get("history") or {}),
-    }
-    if not plan["labscript"] and not plan["joint_script"]:
-        raise BridgeError("BAD_PROTOCOL", "protocol needs labscript or joint_script")
-    reps = plan["reps"]
-    if isinstance(reps, bool) or not isinstance(reps, int) or reps <= 0:
-        raise BridgeError("BAD_PROTOCOL", "reps must be a positive integer")
-    return plan
-
-
-def scan_expr_from_value(value):
-    """Protocol YAML scan value -> runmanager raw expression string."""
-    import numpy as np
-    if isinstance(value, bool):
-        raise BridgeError("BAD_PROTOCOL", "scan value cannot be a bool")
-    if isinstance(value, (int, float)):
-        return repr(float(value))
-    if isinstance(value, str):
-        arr = eval_scan_expr(value)
-        if arr.size < 1:
-            raise BridgeError("BAD_PROTOCOL", "scan expression is empty: " + value)
-        return value
-    if isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
-        if not value:
-            raise BridgeError("BAD_PROTOCOL", "scan list is empty")
-        numbers = [float(item) for item in value]
-        if len(numbers) == 1:
-            return repr(numbers[0])
-        steps = [numbers[index + 1] - numbers[index] for index in range(len(numbers) - 1)]
-        mean = sum(steps) / len(steps)
-        tolerance = 1e-9 * max(1.0, abs(mean))
-        if all(abs(step - mean) <= tolerance for step in steps):
-            return "np.linspace(" + repr(numbers[0]) + ", " + repr(numbers[-1]) + ", " + str(len(numbers)) + ")"
-        return "np.array([" + ",".join(repr(number) for number in numbers) + "])"
-    raise BridgeError("BAD_PROTOCOL", "unsupported scan value: " + repr(value))
-
-
-def resolve_plan(config, plan):
-    resolved = dict(plan)
-    if not resolved.get("labscript") and resolved.get("joint_script"):
-        path = config.get("scriptsFile")
-        if not path:
-            raise BridgeError("UNKNOWN_SCRIPT", "protocol uses joint_script but config.scriptsFile is not set")
-        path = os.path.abspath(expand(path))
-        if not os.path.isfile(path):
-            raise BridgeError("UNKNOWN_SCRIPT", "scriptsFile not found: " + path)
-        with open(path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
-            registry = json.load(handle)
-        entry = registry.get(resolved["joint_script"])
-        if not entry:
-            raise BridgeError("UNKNOWN_SCRIPT", "joint_script not registered: " + str(resolved["joint_script"]))
-        resolved["labscript"] = entry.get("labscript")
-    scan_exprs = {}
-    scan_raw = {}
-    n_points = 1
-    for key, value in resolved["scan"].items():
-        expr = scan_expr_from_value(value)
-        arr = eval_scan_expr(expr)
-        if arr.size < 1:
-            raise BridgeError("BAD_PROTOCOL", "scan axis is empty: " + key)
-        scan_exprs[key] = arr
-        scan_raw[key] = expr
-        n_points *= int(arr.size)
-    resolved["scan_exprs"] = scan_exprs
-    resolved["scan_raw"] = scan_raw
-    resolved["expected_n_shots"] = int(resolved["reps"]) * n_points
-    return resolved
-
-
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------- commands
-
-
-def cmd_status(config, args):
-    backend = make_backend(config)
-    keys = args.get("keys")
-    raw = bool(args.get("raw"))
-    values = backend.get_globals(raw=False)
-    raw_values = backend.get_globals(raw=True)
-    if keys:
-        values = dict((k, values.get(k)) for k in keys)
-        raw_values = dict((k, raw_values.get(k)) for k in keys)
-    out = {
-        "backend": config.get("backend"),
-        "version": backend.version() if hasattr(backend, "version") else None,
-        "labscript": backend.labscript_file(),
-        "shot_output_folder": backend.shot_output_folder(),
-        "globals": jsonable(values),
-        "n_shots": backend.n_shots(),
-        "error_in_globals": backend.error_in_globals(),
-        "run_shots": backend.run_shots(),
-        "panel_history": panel_history_info(config),
-    }
-    if raw:
-        out["raw_globals"] = jsonable(raw_values)
-    return out
-
-
-def panel_history_info(config):
-    folder = history_dir(config)
-    files = sorted(glob.glob(os.path.join(folder, "*.json")))
-    latest = os.path.basename(files[-1]) if files else None
-    return {"dir": folder, "latest": latest, "count": len(files)}
-
-
-def cmd_set(config, args):
-    backend = make_backend(config)
-    values = dict(args.get("values") or {})
-    reps = args.get("reps")
-    raw = bool(args.get("raw"))
-    if reps is not None:
-        if isinstance(reps, bool) or not isinstance(reps, int) or reps <= 0:
-            raise BridgeError("BAD_ARGS", "reps must be a positive integer")
-        reps_global = ((config.get("reps") or {}).get("global") or "dummy_iterator")
-        values[reps_global] = "np.arange(" + str(reps) + ")" if raw else list(range(reps))
-        raw = True
-    if not values:
-        raise BridgeError("BAD_ARGS", "values must not be empty")
-    if raw:
-        values = dict((k, v) if isinstance(v, str) else (k, values_to_raw({k: v})[k]) for k, v in values.items()) if False else dict((k, v if isinstance(v, str) else values_to_raw({k: v})[k]) for k, v in values.items())
-    elif has_array_value(values):
-        values = values_to_raw(values)
-        raw = True
-    check_limits(config, dict((k, v) for k, v in values.items() if not raw), dict((k, v) for k, v in values.items()) if raw else {}, None)
-    snap = snapshot_panel(backend, config, "set", {"keys": sorted(values.keys()), "raw": raw, "note": args.get("note")}, touched=values.keys())
-    try:
-        written = backend.set_globals(values, raw=raw)
-    except BridgeError as exc:
-        detail = dict(exc.detail or {})
-        detail["snapshot"] = snap
-        detail["hint"] = "set_globals failed after the panel snapshot; the panel may be partially written. Use labs_restore to undo."
-        raise BridgeError(exc.code, exc.message, detail)
-    except Exception as exc:
-        raise BridgeError("SET_FAILED", "set_globals failed: " + type(exc).__name__ + ": " + str(exc), {
-            "snapshot": snap,
-            "hint": "the panel may be partially written; use labs_restore to undo",
-        })
-    readback = backend.get_globals(raw=False)
-    raw_readback = backend.get_globals(raw=True)
-    missing = [k for k in values if k not in readback]
-    out = {
-        "written": jsonable(written),
-        "readback": dict((k, jsonable(readback.get(k))) for k in values),
-        "raw_readback": dict((k, jsonable(raw_readback.get(k))) for k in values),
-        "missing": missing,
-        "n_shots": backend.n_shots(),
-        "error_in_globals": backend.error_in_globals(),
-        "snapshot": snap,
-    }
-    append_event(config, {"ts": now_iso(), "tool": "set", "backend": config.get("backend"), "note": args.get("note"), "keys": sorted(values.keys()), "snapshot": snap["name"]})
-    return out
-
-
-def cmd_engage(config, args):
-    backend = make_backend(config)
-    if backend.error_in_globals():
-        raise BridgeError("GLOBALS_ERROR", "panel globals are in an error state; refusing to engage")
-    run_shots = backend.run_shots()
-    if run_shots is False:
-        raise BridgeError("RUN_SHOTS_OFF", "the runmanager 'Run shot(s)' checkbox is off; engage would only compile and never execute")
-    n_shots = backend.n_shots()
-    result = backend.engage()
-    run_folder = None
-    if isinstance(result, dict):
-        run_folder = result.get("run_folder")
-    else:
-        run_folder = getattr(result, "run_folder", None)
-    out = {
-        "accepted": True,
-        "run_folder": run_folder,
-        "mapped_run_folder": map_path(config, run_folder),
-        "n_shots_at_submit": n_shots,
-        "expected_n_shots": int(args.get("expected_n_shots") or n_shots),
-        "labscript": backend.labscript_file(),
-        "submitted_at": now_iso(),
-    }
-    append_event(config, {"ts": out["submitted_at"], "tool": "engage", "backend": config.get("backend"), "note": args.get("note"), "run_folder": run_folder, "expected_n_shots": out["expected_n_shots"]})
-    return out
-
-
-def wait_for_run(config, run_folder, expected, timeout_s):
-    if not run_folder:
-        raise BridgeError("BAD_ARGS", "run_folder is required")
-    folder = map_path(config, run_folder)
-    engage_cfg = config.get("engage") or {}
-    timeout = float(timeout_s or engage_cfg.get("timeoutS") or 900)
-    poll = float(engage_cfg.get("pollS") or 1.0)
-    settle = float(engage_cfg.get("settleS") or 2.0)
-    stall = float(engage_cfg.get("stallS") or 20.0)
-    start = time.time()
-    stable_since = None
-    compiled_since = None
-    last_count = -1
-    last_size = -1
-    last_executed = None
-
-    def result(complete, timed_out, diagnosis, count, executed, elapsed, hint=None):
-        payload = {
-            "run_folder": run_folder,
-            "mapped_run_folder": folder,
-            "folder_exists": os.path.isdir(folder),
-            "expected_n_shots": expected,
-            "n_h5": count,
-            "complete": complete,
-            "timed_out": timed_out,
-            "diagnosis": diagnosis,
-            "executed": executed,
-            "elapsed": round(elapsed, 1),
-        }
-        if hint:
-            payload["hint"] = hint
-        return payload
-
-    while True:
-        shots = sorted(glob.glob(os.path.join(folder, "**", "*.h5"), recursive=True))
-        count = len(shots)
-        total = sum(os.path.getsize(p) for p in shots) if shots else 0
-        ready = False
-        if count >= (expected or 0) and count == last_count and total == last_size and shots:
-            ready = shot_ready(shots[-1])
-        executed = None
-        if ready:
-            executed = shot_executed(shots[-1])
-        if ready and executed is True:
-            compiled_since = None
-            if stable_since is None:
-                stable_since = time.time()
-            elif time.time() - stable_since >= settle:
-                return result(True, False, "complete", count, True, time.time() - start)
-        else:
-            stable_since = None
-            if ready and executed is False:
-                if compiled_since is None:
-                    compiled_since = time.time()
-                elif time.time() - compiled_since >= stall:
-                    return result(
-                        False, False, "compiled_not_executed", count, False, time.time() - start,
-                        "shots were compiled but show no acquisition data after " + str(int(stall)) +
-                        " s: BLACS may be paused / the queue may not be running, or the run is still being programmed. Check BLACS and the panel, then labs_abort if needed.")
-            else:
-                compiled_since = None
-        last_count = count
-        last_size = total
-        last_executed = executed
-        if time.time() - start >= timeout:
-            if count == 0:
-                diagnosis = "no_shots"
-                hint = "no shot h5 appeared: check that the run was accepted, that BLACS is running, and that pathMap points at the run folder."
-            elif count < (expected or 0):
-                diagnosis = "compiling"
-                hint = "only " + str(count) + " of " + str(expected) + " shots appeared before the timeout; the run may still be compiling or blocked."
-            elif executed is False:
-                diagnosis = "compiled_not_executed"
-                hint = "shots were compiled but no acquisition data was found: BLACS may be paused or not executing the queue."
-            else:
-                diagnosis = "partial"
-                hint = "shots appeared but the run was not confirmed complete before the timeout."
-            return result(False, True, diagnosis, count, executed, time.time() - start, hint)
-        time.sleep(poll)
-
-
-def cmd_wait(config, args):
-    return wait_for_run(config, args.get("run_folder"), int(args.get("expected_n_shots") or 0), args.get("timeout_s"))
-
-
-def cmd_abort(config, args):
-    backend = make_backend(config)
-    backend_name = (config.get("backend") or "").lower()
-    if backend_name == "labscript":
-        note = ("labscript abort stops compiling/submitting new shots. Shots that are already compiled and queued "
-                "in BLACS, or currently running, are not stopped by it. This is not a hardware interlock.")
-    elif backend_name == "http-sim":
-        note = "http-sim abort stops the simulated queue (pause + clear)."
-    else:
-        note = "mock backend abort is a no-op."
-    result = backend.abort()
-    append_event(config, {"ts": now_iso(), "tool": "abort", "backend": config.get("backend"), "note": note, "result": jsonable(result)})
-    return {"aborted": True, "note": note, "result": jsonable(result)}
-
-
-def cmd_progress(config, args):
-    run_folder = args.get("run_folder")
-    expected = int(args.get("expected_n_shots") or 0)
-    folder = map_path(config, run_folder)
-    shots = sorted(glob.glob(os.path.join(folder, "**", "*.h5"), recursive=True)) if folder else []
-    return {"run_folder": run_folder, "n_h5": len(shots), "expected_n_shots": expected, "complete": bool(expected and len(shots) >= expected)}
-
-
-def cmd_data(config, args):
-    ensure_h5_lock()
-    import h5py
-    run_folder = args.get("run_folder")
-    if not run_folder:
-        raise BridgeError("BAD_ARGS", "run_folder is required")
-    folder = map_path(config, run_folder)
-    shots = sorted(glob.glob(os.path.join(folder, "**", "*.h5"), recursive=True))
-    out = {"run_folder": run_folder, "mapped_run_folder": folder, "n_h5": len(shots)}
-    if not shots:
-        return out
-    scan = args.get("scan")
-    with h5py.File(shots[0], "r", locking=False) as handle:
-        globals_attrs = dict(handle["globals"].attrs) if "globals" in handle else {}
-        if args.get("globals", True):
-            out["globals"] = jsonable(globals_attrs)
-        if args.get("results"):
-            layout = {}
-            if "results" in handle:
-                for group_name in handle["results"]:
-                    group = handle["results"][group_name]
-                    if isinstance(group, h5py.Group):
-                        layout[group_name] = sorted(list(group.keys()) + list(group.attrs.keys()))
-            out["results_layout"] = layout
-    if scan:
-        rows = []
-        for path in shots:
-            with h5py.File(path, "r", locking=False) as handle:
-                attrs = handle["globals"].attrs if "globals" in handle else {}
-                row = {"shot": os.path.basename(path)}
-                if scan in attrs:
-                    row[scan] = jsonable(attrs[scan])
-                if "results" in handle:
-                    for group_name in handle["results"]:
-                        group = handle["results"][group_name]
-                        if not isinstance(group, h5py.Group):
-                            continue
-                        for key in list(group.attrs.keys()):
-                            value = as_number(group.attrs[key])
-                            if value is not None:
-                                row[group_name + "." + key] = value
-                        for key in group.keys():
-                            item = group[key]
-                            if isinstance(item, h5py.Dataset) and item.size <= 16:
-                                try:
-                                    value = item[()]
-                                    if hasattr(value, "item"):
-                                        value = value.item()
-                                except Exception:
-                                    continue
-                                number = as_number(value)
-                                if number is not None:
-                                    row[group_name + "." + key] = number
-                rows.append(row)
-        out["scan_table"] = {"scan": scan, "n_points": len(rows), "rows": rows}
-    return out
-
-
-def cmd_restore(config, args):
-    backend = make_backend(config)
-    snap = args.get("snapshot")
-    full = bool(args.get("full"))
-    path, data = load_snapshot(config, snap)
-    touched = data.get("touched")
-    use_raw = isinstance(backend, LabscriptBackend)
-    if use_raw:
-        values = to_raw_values(data.get("raw_globals") or {})
-    else:
-        values = data.get("globals") or to_raw_values(data.get("raw_globals") or {})
-        if not data.get("globals"):
-            use_raw = True
-    if not full and touched:
-        wanted = set(str(key) for key in touched)
-        values = dict((k, v) for k, v in values.items() if k in wanted)
-    written = backend.set_globals(values, raw=use_raw)
-    readback = backend.get_globals(raw=True)
-    append_event(config, {"ts": now_iso(), "tool": "restore", "backend": config.get("backend"), "snapshot": os.path.basename(path)})
-    return {
-        "restored_from": {"file": path, "ts": data.get("ts"), "tool": data.get("tool")},
-        "selective": bool(not full and touched),
-        "keys": sorted(str(key) for key in values),
-        "written": jsonable(written),
-        "readback": jsonable(readback),
-    }
-
-
-def cmd_protocol_plan(config, args):
-    plan = resolve_plan(config, normalize_plan(args.get("protocol") or {}))
-    limits = check_limits(config, plan["set"], dict((k, v) for k, v in plan["scan_raw"].items()), plan["expected_n_shots"])
-    public = {
-        "name": plan.get("name"),
-        "labscript": plan.get("labscript"),
-        "joint_script": plan.get("joint_script"),
-        "set": jsonable(plan["set"]),
-        "scan": dict((k, {"expr": plan["scan_raw"][k], "n": int(plan["scan_exprs"][k].size)}) for k in plan["scan"]),
-        "reps": plan["reps"],
-        "engage": plan["engage"],
-        "postprocess": plan.get("postprocess"),
-        "finish": jsonable(plan["finish"]),
-        "expected_n_shots": plan["expected_n_shots"],
-    }
-    warnings = []
-    if not plan.get("postprocess"):
-        warnings.append("protocol has no postprocess")
-    return {"plan": public, "hard_limits": limits, "warnings": warnings}
-
-
-def cmd_protocol_start(config, args):
-    plan = resolve_plan(config, normalize_plan(args.get("protocol") or {}))
-    backend = make_backend(config)
-    check_limits(config, plan["set"], dict((k, v) for k, v in plan["scan_raw"].items()), plan["expected_n_shots"])
-    reps_global = ((config.get("reps") or {}).get("global") or "dummy_iterator")
-    touched = set(plan["set"]) | set(plan["scan"]) | {reps_global}
-    snap = snapshot_panel(backend, config, "protocol", {"name": plan.get("name"), "labscript": plan.get("labscript"), "note": args.get("note")}, touched=touched)
-    steps = {}
-    try:
-        if plan["set"]:
-            steps["set"] = jsonable(backend.set_globals(plan["set"], raw=False))
-        scan_values = dict((k, expr) for k, expr in plan["scan_raw"].items())
-        scan_values[reps_global] = "np.arange(" + str(plan["reps"]) + ")"
-        steps["scan"] = jsonable(backend.set_globals(scan_values, raw=True))
-    except BridgeError as exc:
-        detail = dict(exc.detail or {})
-        detail["snapshot"] = snap
-        detail["hint"] = "protocol panel write failed; the panel may be partially written. Use labs_restore to undo."
-        raise BridgeError(exc.code, exc.message, detail)
-    except Exception as exc:
-        raise BridgeError("PROTOCOL_WRITE_FAILED", "protocol panel write failed: " + type(exc).__name__ + ": " + str(exc), {
-            "snapshot": snap,
-            "hint": "the panel may be partially written; use labs_restore to undo",
-        })
-    panel_n_shots = backend.n_shots()
-    if panel_n_shots != plan["expected_n_shots"]:
-        raise BridgeError("N_SHOTS_MISMATCH", "panel n_shots does not match protocol plan", {"panel_n_shots": panel_n_shots, "expected": plan["expected_n_shots"]})
-    if not plan["engage"]:
-        return {"plan": public_plan(plan), "snapshot": snap, "steps": steps, "engage": None, "n_shots_at_submit": panel_n_shots}
-    result = backend.engage()
-    run_folder = result.get("run_folder") if isinstance(result, dict) else getattr(result, "run_folder", None)
-    out = {
-        "plan": public_plan(plan),
-        "snapshot": snap,
-        "steps": steps,
-        "engage": {"accepted": True, "run_folder": run_folder, "mapped_run_folder": map_path(config, run_folder), "n_shots_at_submit": panel_n_shots},
-        "n_shots_at_submit": panel_n_shots,
-        "expected_n_shots": plan["expected_n_shots"],
-        "submitted_at": now_iso(),
-    }
-    append_event(config, {"ts": out["submitted_at"], "tool": "protocol", "backend": config.get("backend"), "note": args.get("note"), "protocol": plan.get("name"), "run_folder": run_folder, "expected_n_shots": plan["expected_n_shots"]})
-    return out
-
-
-def public_plan(plan):
-    return {
-        "name": plan.get("name"),
-        "labscript": plan.get("labscript"),
-        "joint_script": plan.get("joint_script"),
-        "set": jsonable(plan["set"]),
-        "scan": dict((k, {"expr": plan["scan"][k], "n": int(plan["scan_exprs"][k].size)}) for k in plan["scan"]),
-        "reps": plan["reps"],
-        "engage": plan["engage"],
-        "postprocess": plan.get("postprocess"),
-        "finish": jsonable(plan["finish"]),
-        "expected_n_shots": plan["expected_n_shots"],
-    }
-
-
-def cmd_protocol_finalize(config, args):
-    plan = resolve_plan(config, normalize_plan(args.get("protocol") or {}))
-    run_folder = args.get("run_folder")
-    if not run_folder:
-        raise BridgeError("BAD_ARGS", "run_folder is required")
-    backend = make_backend(config)
-    out = {"run_folder": run_folder}
-    result = None
-    if plan.get("postprocess"):
-        scan_global = next(iter(plan["scan"]), None) if plan["scan"] else None
-        result = run_postprocess(config, plan, map_path(config, run_folder), scan_global, plan["reps"])
-        out["postprocess"] = result
-    if plan.get("finish"):
-        out["finish"] = apply_finish(backend, config, plan, result or {}, run_folder)
-        if plan["finish"].get("restore"):
-            protected = set((plan["finish"].get("panel") or {}).keys())
-            out["restore"] = restore_panel(backend, config, (args.get("snapshot") or {}).get("file"), protected)
-    append_event(config, {"ts": now_iso(), "tool": "protocol_finalize", "backend": config.get("backend"), "note": args.get("note"), "protocol": plan.get("name"), "run_folder": run_folder, "postprocess": bool(result), "restore": (out.get("restore") or {}).get("restored")})
-    return out
-
-
-def _add_check(checks, name, status, detail, hint=""):
-    checks.append({"name": name, "status": status, "detail": str(detail), "hint": hint})
-
-
-def cmd_doctor(config, args):
-    """Read-only environment/config diagnostic (no panel writes, no engage)."""
-    checks = []
-    _add_check(checks, "python", "ok", sys.version.split()[0])
-    try:
-        import numpy as np
-        _add_check(checks, "numpy", "ok", np.__version__)
-    except Exception as exc:
-        _add_check(checks, "numpy", "fail", str(exc), "install numpy (the labscript-suite environment has it)")
-    try:
-        import h5py
-        _add_check(checks, "h5py", "ok", h5py.__version__)
-    except Exception as exc:
-        _add_check(checks, "h5py", "fail", str(exc), "install h5py")
-
-    backend = (config.get("backend") or "mock-labscript").lower()
-    _add_check(checks, "backend", "ok", backend)
-    if backend == "labscript":
-        missing = []
-        for module in ("labscript", "runmanager", "labscript_utils", "zprocess"):
-            try:
-                importlib.import_module(module)
-            except Exception as exc:
-                missing.append(module + ": " + str(exc))
-        if missing:
-            _add_check(checks, "labscript-suite", "fail", "; ".join(missing), "use the labscript-suite python environment")
-        else:
-            _add_check(checks, "labscript-suite", "ok", "labscript / runmanager / labscript_utils / zprocess importable")
-        try:
-            probe = LabscriptBackend(config)
-            client = probe.client()
-            version = client.get_version() if hasattr(client, "get_version") else "unknown"
-            _add_check(checks, "runmanager", "ok", str(version))
-            try:
-                _add_check(checks, "panel", "ok", "n_shots=" + str(probe.n_shots()) + ", run_shots=" + str(probe.run_shots()) + ", error_in_globals=" + str(probe.error_in_globals()))
-            except Exception as exc:
-                _add_check(checks, "panel", "warn", str(exc), "runmanager connected but the panel read failed")
-            try:
-                _add_check(checks, "shot-output", "ok", str(probe.shot_output_folder()))
-            except Exception as exc:
-                _add_check(checks, "shot-output", "warn", str(exc), "cannot resolve the shot output folder")
-        except Exception as exc:
-            _add_check(checks, "runmanager", "fail", str(exc), "check runmanager host/port and the zprocess shared secret in labconfig")
-    else:
-        try:
-            probe = make_backend(config)
-            status = cmd_status(config, {})
-            _add_check(checks, "backend-status", "ok", "n_shots=" + str(status.get("n_shots")) + ", labscript=" + str(status.get("labscript")))
-        except Exception as exc:
-            _add_check(checks, "backend-status", "fail", str(exc), "check the mock/simulator configuration")
-
-    protocols_dir = config.get("protocolsDir")
-    if protocols_dir:
-        path = os.path.abspath(expand(protocols_dir))
-        _add_check(checks, "protocols-dir", "ok" if os.path.isdir(path) else "warn", path, "" if os.path.isdir(path) else "directory does not exist")
-    scripts_file = config.get("scriptsFile")
-    if scripts_file and os.path.isfile(os.path.abspath(expand(scripts_file))):
-        try:
-            with open(os.path.abspath(expand(scripts_file)), "r", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
-                json.load(handle)
-            _add_check(checks, "scripts-file", "ok", scripts_file)
-        except Exception as exc:
-            _add_check(checks, "scripts-file", "fail", str(exc), "scriptsFile must be JSON")
-    hard_limits = config.get("hardLimitsFile")
-    if hard_limits:
-        try:
-            with open(os.path.abspath(expand(hard_limits)), "r", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
-                json.load(handle)
-            _add_check(checks, "hard-limits-file", "ok", hard_limits)
-        except Exception as exc:
-            _add_check(checks, "hard-limits-file", "warn", str(exc), "hard limits are not enforced if this file cannot be read")
-    try:
-        base = history_dir(config)
-        _add_check(checks, "state-dir", "ok", base)
-    except Exception as exc:
-        _add_check(checks, "state-dir", "fail", str(exc), "cannot create the panel history directory")
-
-    spec = config.get("postprocess") or {}
-    entry = spec.get("entry")
-    if entry:
-        for extra in spec.get("pythonPaths") or []:
-            extra_path = os.path.abspath(expand(extra))
-            if extra_path not in sys.path:
-                sys.path.insert(0, extra_path)
-        try:
-            module_name, _, function_name = entry.partition(":")
-            module = importlib.import_module(module_name)
-            if not hasattr(module, function_name):
-                raise AttributeError("module has no attribute " + function_name)
-            _add_check(checks, "postprocess", "ok", entry)
-        except Exception as exc:
-            _add_check(checks, "postprocess", "fail", str(exc), "postprocess.entry must be module:function and importable from pythonPaths")
-    return {"checks": checks, "backend": backend, "python": sys.version.split()[0]}
-
-
-HANDLERS = {
-    "status": cmd_status,
-    "set": cmd_set,
-    "engage": cmd_engage,
-    "wait": cmd_wait,
-    "abort": cmd_abort,
-    "progress": cmd_progress,
-    "data": cmd_data,
-    "restore": cmd_restore,
-    "protocol_plan": cmd_protocol_plan,
-    "protocol_start": cmd_protocol_start,
-    "protocol_finalize": cmd_protocol_finalize,
-    "doctor": cmd_doctor,
-}
-
-
-def main():
-    try:
-        request = json.load(sys.stdin)
-    except Exception as exc:
-        sys.stdout.write(json.dumps({"ok": False, "error": {"code": "BAD_REQUEST", "message": "invalid JSON on stdin: " + str(exc)}}))
-        return 0
-    command = request.get("cmd") or ""
-    handler = HANDLERS.get(command)
-    if handler is None:
-        sys.stdout.write(json.dumps({"ok": False, "error": {"code": "UNKNOWN_COMMAND", "message": "unknown bridge command: " + str(command)}}))
-        return 0
-    try:
-        data = handler(request.get("config") or {}, request.get("args") or {})
-        sys.stdout.write(json.dumps({"ok": True, "data": jsonable(data)}, ensure_ascii=True))
-        return 0
-    except BridgeError as exc:
-        sys.stdout.write(json.dumps({"ok": False, "error": {"code": exc.code, "message": exc.message, "detail": jsonable(exc.detail)}}, ensure_ascii=True))
-        return 0
-    except Exception as exc:
-        traceback.print_exc(file=sys.stderr)
-        sys.stdout.write(json.dumps({"ok": False, "error": {"code": "INTERNAL", "message": type(exc).__name__ + ": " + str(exc)}}, ensure_ascii=True))
-        return 1
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    sys.exit(main())
+"""dsh-labscript bridge: one JSON request on stdin, one JSON envelope on stdout.
+
+commands: status, set, engage, wait, abort, data, restore,
+          protocol_plan, protocol_start, protocol_finalize, progress
+
+The node plugin spawns this script with one python interpreter configured by the
+user; it must be able to import numpy and h5py (the labscript environment has
+both). The labscript backend additionally imports runmanager.remote lazily.
+"""
+import ast
+import glob
+import json
+import os
+import sys
+import time
+import datetime
+import importlib
+import traceback
+
+
+class BridgeError(Exception):
+    def __init__(self, code, message, detail=None):
+        Exception.__init__(self, message)
+        self.code = code
+        self.message = message
+        self.detail = detail or {}
+
+
+def now_iso():
+    return datetime.datetime.now().astimezone().isoformat(timespec="seconds")
+
+
+def expand(path):
+    if not path:
+        return path
+    return os.path.expanduser(str(path))
+
+
+def jsonable(value):
+    if hasattr(value, "tolist"):
+        return jsonable(value.tolist())
+    if hasattr(value, "item"):
+        return jsonable(value.item())
+    if isinstance(value, dict):
+        return dict((str(k), jsonable(v)) for k, v in value.items())
+    if isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
+        return [jsonable(v) for v in value]
+    if isinstance(value, float):
+        if value != value or value in (float("inf"), float("-inf")):
+            return None
+        return value
+    if isinstance(value, (str, int, bool)) or value is None:
+        return value
+    return str(value)
+
+
+
+_H5_LOCK_LOADED = False
+
+
+def ensure_h5_lock():
+    """Import labscript_utils.h5_lock before h5py (labscript requirement)."""
+    global _H5_LOCK_LOADED
+    if _H5_LOCK_LOADED:
+        return True
+    try:
+        import labscript_utils.h5_lock  # noqa: F401
+        _H5_LOCK_LOADED = True
+        return True
+    except Exception:
+        return False
+
+
+def shot_ready(path):
+    """True when a shot h5 is complete enough to read (best effort, never raises)."""
+    ensure_h5_lock()
+    try:
+        import h5py
+        with h5py.File(path, "r", locking=False) as handle:
+            return "globals" in handle
+    except Exception:
+        return False
+
+
+def shot_executed(path):
+    """True/False when a shot shows acquisition data; None when unknown.
+
+    labscript compiles shot h5 files before BLACS executes them. A compiled but
+    not executed shot has no images/results yet; this is how a stalled queue
+    (for example BLACS paused) can be told apart from a normal run in progress.
+    """
+    ensure_h5_lock()
+    try:
+        import h5py
+        with h5py.File(path, "r", locking=False) as handle:
+            if "images" in handle:
+                cameras = handle["images"]
+                if isinstance(cameras, h5py.Group):
+                    for camera in cameras:
+                        camera_group = cameras[camera]
+                        if isinstance(camera_group, h5py.Group):
+                            for label in camera_group:
+                                label_group = camera_group[label]
+                                if isinstance(label_group, h5py.Group) and len(label_group) > 0:
+                                    return True
+            if "results" in handle:
+                results = handle["results"]
+                if isinstance(results, h5py.Group):
+                    for name in results:
+                        group = results[name]
+                        if isinstance(group, h5py.Group) and (len(group) > 0 or len(group.attrs) > 0):
+                            return True
+        return False
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------- scan expr
+
+_ALLOWED_CALLS = {"arange", "linspace", "array", "logspace"}
+_ALLOWED_NODES = (
+    ast.Expression, ast.Call, ast.Attribute, ast.Name, ast.Load, ast.Constant,
+    ast.List, ast.Tuple, ast.UnaryOp, ast.USub, ast.UAdd, ast.BinOp, ast.Add,
+    ast.Sub, ast.Mult, ast.Div, ast.Mod, ast.Pow,
+)
+
+
+def _num_arg(node):
+    value = ast.literal_eval(node)
+    if isinstance(value, bool) or not isinstance(value, (int, float)):
+        raise BridgeError("BAD_SCAN_EXPR", "scan expression argument is not numeric")
+    return value
+
+
+def eval_scan_expr(expr):
+    """Evaluate the small scan-expression subset used by protocols (np.arange...)."""
+    import numpy as np
+    if isinstance(expr, bool):
+        raise BridgeError("BAD_SCAN_EXPR", "scan expression cannot be a bool")
+    if isinstance(expr, (int, float)):
+        return np.atleast_1d(np.asarray(expr, dtype=float))
+    if isinstance(expr, (list, tuple)):
+        return np.asarray([float(v) for v in expr], dtype=float)
+    text = str(expr).strip()
+    if text == "":
+        raise BridgeError("BAD_SCAN_EXPR", "scan expression is empty")
+    try:
+        tree = ast.parse(text, mode="eval")
+    except SyntaxError as exc:
+        raise BridgeError("BAD_SCAN_EXPR", "cannot parse scan expression: " + str(exc))
+    for node in ast.walk(tree):
+        if not isinstance(node, _ALLOWED_NODES):
+            raise BridgeError("BAD_SCAN_EXPR", "scan expression node not allowed: " + type(node).__name__)
+        if isinstance(node, ast.Call):
+            if not isinstance(node.func, ast.Attribute):
+                raise BridgeError("BAD_SCAN_EXPR", "only np.* calls are allowed")
+            if not isinstance(node.func.value, ast.Name) or node.func.value.id != "np":
+                raise BridgeError("BAD_SCAN_EXPR", "only np.* calls are allowed")
+            if node.func.attr not in _ALLOWED_CALLS:
+                raise BridgeError("BAD_SCAN_EXPR", "np." + node.func.attr + " is not allowed")
+            for arg in node.args:
+                if isinstance(arg, ast.Constant):
+                    _num_arg(arg)
+                elif isinstance(arg, (ast.List, ast.Tuple)):
+                    for item in arg.elts:
+                        if isinstance(item, ast.Constant):
+                            _num_arg(item)
+                        elif not isinstance(item, (ast.UnaryOp, ast.BinOp)):
+                            raise BridgeError("BAD_SCAN_EXPR", "unsupported scan expression argument")
+                elif not isinstance(arg, (ast.UnaryOp, ast.BinOp)):
+                    raise BridgeError("BAD_SCAN_EXPR", "unsupported scan expression argument")
+    env = {"np": np, "__builtins__": {}}
+    try:
+        value = eval(compile(tree, "<scan>", "eval"), env)
+    except Exception as exc:
+        raise BridgeError("BAD_SCAN_EXPR", "scan expression evaluation failed: " + str(exc))
+    return np.atleast_1d(np.asarray(value, dtype=float))
+
+
+def eval_panel_value(raw):
+    """Evaluate a raw panel string the way runmanager does (best effort)."""
+    import numpy as np
+    text = str(raw).strip()
+    if text == "":
+        return ""
+    if "np." in text or text.startswith("["):
+        try:
+            arr = eval_scan_expr(text)
+            return arr if arr.size > 1 else arr[0]
+        except BridgeError:
+            pass
+    try:
+        return ast.literal_eval(text)
+    except Exception:
+        return str(raw)
+
+
+def raw_repr(value):
+    if isinstance(value, bool):
+        return "True" if value else "False"
+    if isinstance(value, (int, float)):
+        return repr(value)
+    if isinstance(value, str):
+        return repr(value)
+    if isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
+        return repr(list(value))
+    return repr(value)
+
+
+def values_to_raw(values):
+    """Convert JSON values to runmanager raw expressions (arrays included)."""
+    out = {}
+    for key, value in values.items():
+        if isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
+            out[str(key)] = scan_expr_from_value(list(value))
+        else:
+            out[str(key)] = raw_repr(value)
+    return out
+
+
+def has_array_value(values):
+    return any(isinstance(value, (list, tuple)) for value in values.values())
+
+
+def to_raw_values(values):
+    """Stringify evaluated globals into runmanager raw expressions."""
+    out = {}
+    for key, value in values.items():
+        if isinstance(value, str):
+            out[str(key)] = value
+        elif isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
+            out[str(key)] = "np.array([" + ",".join(repr(float(item)) for item in value) + "])"
+        else:
+            out[str(key)] = raw_repr(value)
+    return out
+
+
+def as_number(value):
+    if isinstance(value, bool):
+        return None
+    if isinstance(value, (int, float)):
+        return float(value)
+    return None
+
+
+def as_limit_value(value):
+    """Numeric value for hard-limit checks; booleans count as 0/1."""
+    if isinstance(value, bool):
+        return 1.0 if value else 0.0
+    return as_number(value)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------- backends
+
+
+def map_path(config, path):
+    if not path:
+        return path
+    text = str(path)
+    for rule in config.get("pathMap") or []:
+        remote = rule.get("remotePrefix") or ""
+        local = rule.get("localPrefix") or ""
+        if remote and local and text.startswith(remote):
+            return local + text[len(remote):]
+    return text
+
+
+class LabscriptBackend(object):
+    def __init__(self, config):
+        self.config = config
+        self._client = None
+
+    def client(self):
+        if self._client is not None:
+            return self._client
+        try:
+            from labscript_utils import h5_lock  # noqa: F401  (must precede h5py)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        try:
+            from runmanager.remote import Client
+        except Exception as exc:
+            raise BridgeError("BACKEND_UNAVAILABLE", "labscript python environment not importable: " + str(exc))
+        rm = self.config.get("runmanager") or {}
+        host = rm.get("host") or "127.0.0.1"
+        port = int(rm.get("port") or 42523)
+        timeout = float(rm.get("timeoutS") or 10)
+        try:
+            client = Client(host=host, port=port, timeout=timeout)
+            client.say_hello()
+        except Exception as exc:
+            raise BridgeError("BACKEND_UNAVAILABLE", "runmanager not reachable at " + host + ":" + str(port) + ": " + str(exc))
+        self._client = client
+        return client
+
+    def version(self):
+        try:
+            return str(self.client().get_version())
+        except Exception:
+            return None
+
+    def get_globals(self, raw=False):
+        return dict(self.client().get_globals(raw=raw))
+
+    def set_globals(self, values, raw=False):
+        return dict(self.client().set_globals(values, raw=raw))
+
+    def n_shots(self):
+        return int(self.client().n_shots())
+
+    def error_in_globals(self):
+        return bool(self.client().error_in_globals())
+
+    def run_shots(self):
+        try:
+            return bool(self.client().get_run_shots())
+        except Exception:
+            return None
+
+    def labscript_file(self):
+        try:
+            return self.client().get_labscript_file()
+        except Exception:
+            return None
+
+    def shot_output_folder(self):
+        try:
+            return self.client().get_shot_output_folder()
+        except Exception:
+            return None
+
+    def engage(self):
+        # runmanager advances the sequence index on engage: capture the folder first.
+        run_folder = self.shot_output_folder()
+        n_shots = self.n_shots()
+        try:
+            self.client().engage()
+        except Exception as exc:
+            raise BridgeError("ENGAGE_REJECTED", "runmanager engage failed: " + type(exc).__name__ + ": " + str(exc))
+        return {"accepted": True, "n_shots": n_shots, "run_folder": run_folder, "mode": "runmanager"}
+
+    def abort(self):
+        return self.client().abort()
+
+
+MOCK_DEFAULT_PANEL = {
+    "do_acquire": True,
+    "duration_test_us": 1.0,
+    "amplitude": 0.5,
+    "dummy_iterator": 0,
+}
+
+
+class MockBackend(object):
+    """In-memory simulator used for tests, examples and hardware-free development."""
+
+    def __init__(self, config):
+        self.config = config
+        mock = config.get("mock") or {}
+        self.state_dir = os.path.abspath(expand(mock.get("stateDir") or "~/.dsh-labscript/mock"))
+        os.makedirs(self.state_dir, exist_ok=True)
+        self.panel_path = os.path.join(self.state_dir, "panel.json")
+        self.state_path = os.path.join(self.state_dir, "state.json")
+        self.runs_dir = os.path.join(self.state_dir, "runs")
+        os.makedirs(self.runs_dir, exist_ok=True)
+
+    # ---- state helpers
+    def read_panel(self):
+        if os.path.isfile(self.panel_path):
+            with open(self.panel_path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
+                data = json.load(handle)
+        else:
+            data = dict((k, raw_repr(v)) for k, v in MOCK_DEFAULT_PANEL.items())
+        return data
+
+    def write_panel(self, raw_panel):
+        with open(self.panel_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
+            json.dump(raw_panel, handle, indent=1)
+
+    def next_run_folder(self):
+        state = {}
+        if os.path.isfile(self.state_path):
+            with open(self.state_path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
+                state = json.load(handle)
+        index = int(state.get("last_run") or 0) + 1
+        state["last_run"] = index
+        with open(self.state_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
+            json.dump(state, handle)
+        folder = os.path.join(self.runs_dir, "run_" + ("%06d" % index))
+        os.makedirs(folder, exist_ok=True)
+        return folder
+
+    # ---- backend interface
+    def get_globals(self, raw=False):
+        panel = self.read_panel()
+        if raw:
+            return dict(panel)
+        return dict((k, jsonable(eval_panel_value(v))) for k, v in panel.items())
+
+    def set_globals(self, values, raw=False):
+        panel = self.read_panel()
+        for key, value in values.items():
+            panel[str(key)] = str(value) if raw else raw_repr(value)
+        self.write_panel(panel)
+        return dict((k, panel[k]) for k in values)
+
+    def n_shots(self):
+        import numpy as np
+        total = 1
+        for value in self.get_globals(raw=False).values():
+            arr = np.asarray(value) if hasattr(value, "__len__") and not isinstance(value, str) else None
+            if arr is None or arr.ndim == 0:
+                continue
+            total *= max(1, int(arr.size))
+        return int(total)
+
+    def error_in_globals(self):
+        return False
+
+    def run_shots(self):
+        return True
+
+    def labscript_file(self):
+        return "mock_sequence.py"
+
+    def shot_output_folder(self):
+        return self.runs_dir
+
+    def engage(self):
+        import h5py
+        import numpy as np
+        values = self.get_globals(raw=False)
+        arrays = {}
+        for key, value in values.items():
+            if isinstance(value, str):
+                continue
+            arr = np.asarray(value)
+            if arr.ndim >= 1 and arr.size > 1:
+                arrays[key] = arr
+        total = 1
+        for arr in arrays.values():
+            total *= int(arr.size)
+        folder = self.next_run_folder()
+        for index in range(total):
+            attrs = {}
+            for key, value in values.items():
+                if key in arrays:
+                    arr = arrays[key]
+                    attrs[key] = arr.flat[index % arr.size]
+                elif isinstance(value, str):
+                    attrs[key] = value
+                else:
+                    attrs[key] = value
+            shot_path = os.path.join(folder, "shot_" + ("%04d" % index) + ".h5")
+            with h5py.File(shot_path, "w") as handle:
+                group = handle.create_group("globals")
+                for key, value in attrs.items():
+                    group.attrs[key] = value
+                results = handle.create_group("results/demo")
+                results.attrs["value"] = float(index)
+                results.create_dataset("mean", data=float(index))
+        return {"accepted": True, "n_shots": total, "run_folder": folder, "mode": "mock-labscript"}
+
+    def abort(self):
+        return {"aborted": True, "mode": "mock-labscript"}
+
+
+class HttpSimBackend(object):
+    """HTTP client for an optional local simulator service (development backend).
+
+    The simulator must speak the documented JSON/HTTP contract on a loopback address.
+    It is a development tool, not a physics backend for publication.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, config):
+        simulator = config.get("simulator") or {}
+        url = str(simulator.get("url") or "http://127.0.0.1:18761").rstrip("/")
+        if not url.startswith("http://127.0.0.1:"):
+            raise BridgeError("BAD_CONFIG", "simulator.url must be http://127.0.0.1:<port>, got: " + url)
+        self.base = url
+        self.timeout = float(simulator.get("timeoutS") or 10)
+        self._opener = None
+
+    def opener(self):
+        import urllib.request
+        if self._opener is not None:
+            return self._opener
+
+        class NoRedirect(urllib.request.HTTPRedirectHandler):
+            def redirect_request(self, req, fp, code, msg, headers, newurl):
+                return None
+
+        self._opener = urllib.request.build_opener(NoRedirect, urllib.request.ProxyHandler({}))
+        return self._opener
+
+    def request(self, method, path, body=None):
+        import urllib.request
+        import urllib.error
+        data = None
+        headers = {}
+        if body is not None:
+            data = json.dumps(jsonable(body)).encode("utf-8")
+            headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json"
+        req = urllib.request.Request(self.base + path, data=data, headers=headers, method=method)
+        try:
+            with self.opener().open(req, timeout=self.timeout) as response:
+                raw = response.read().decode("utf-8")
+        except urllib.error.HTTPError as exc:
+            try:
+                payload = json.loads(exc.read().decode("utf-8"))
+            except Exception:
+                raise BridgeError("BACKEND_UNAVAILABLE", "http-sim HTTP " + str(exc.code) + " at " + path)
+            error = payload.get("error") or {}
+            raise BridgeError(str(error.get("code") or "BACKEND_UNAVAILABLE"), str(error.get("message") or "http-sim error"))
+        except Exception as exc:
+            raise BridgeError("BACKEND_UNAVAILABLE", "http-sim not reachable at " + self.base + ": " + str(exc))
+        try:
+            envelope = json.loads(raw)
+        except Exception:
+            raise BridgeError("BACKEND_UNAVAILABLE", "http-sim response is not JSON")
+        if envelope.get("ok") is not True:
+            error = envelope.get("error") or {}
+            raise BridgeError(str(error.get("code") or "BACKEND_UNAVAILABLE"), str(error.get("message") or "http-sim error"))
+        return envelope.get("data") or {}
+
+    def snapshot(self):
+        return self.request("GET", "/v1/rm/snapshot")
+
+    def get_globals(self, raw=False):
+        snap = self.snapshot()
+        key = "raw_globals" if raw else "globals"
+        return dict(snap.get(key) or {})
+
+    def set_globals(self, values, raw=False):
+        body = dict((k, v.tolist() if hasattr(v, "tolist") else v) for k, v in values.items())
+        data = self.request("POST", "/v1/rm/set_globals", {"values": body, "raw": bool(raw)})
+        return dict(data.get("written") or {})
+
+    def n_shots(self):
+        return int(self.snapshot().get("n_shots") or 0)
+
+    def error_in_globals(self):
+        return bool(self.snapshot().get("error_in_globals"))
+
+    def run_shots(self):
+        return True
+
+    def labscript_file(self):
+        return self.snapshot().get("labscript_file")
+
+    def shot_output_folder(self):
+        return self.snapshot().get("shot_output_folder")
+
+    def engage(self):
+        data = self.request("POST", "/v1/rm/engage", {})
+        if data.get("accepted") is not True:
+            raise BridgeError("ENGAGE_REJECTED", "http-sim did not accept engage: " + str(data.get("detail") or ""))
+        return {"accepted": True, "n_shots": data.get("n_shots"), "run_folder": data.get("run_folder"), "mode": "http-sim"}
+
+    def abort(self):
+        data = self.request("POST", "/v1/blacs/stop", {})
+        return {"aborted": True, "via": "http-sim/blacs/stop", "result": data}
+
+
+def make_backend(config):
+    backend = (config.get("backend") or "mock-labscript").lower()
+    if backend == "mock-labscript":
+        return MockBackend(config)
+    if backend == "http-sim":
+        return HttpSimBackend(config)
+    if backend == "labscript":
+        return LabscriptBackend(config)
+    raise BridgeError("BAD_CONFIG", "unknown backend: " + backend)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------- snapshots / logs
+
+
+def history_dir(config):
+    mock = config.get("mock") or {}
+    base = config.get("panelHistoryDir") or os.path.join(expand("~/.dsh-labscript"), "panel_history")
+    if (config.get("backend") or "").lower() == "mock-labscript" and mock.get("historyDir"):
+        base = mock["historyDir"]
+    path = os.path.abspath(expand(base))
+    os.makedirs(path, exist_ok=True)
+    return path
+
+
+def snapshot_panel(backend, config, tool, args, touched=None):
+    panel = backend.get_globals(raw=True)
+    folder = history_dir(config)
+    stamp = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d-%H%M%S")
+    name = stamp + "-" + tool + "-" + os.urandom(3).hex() + ".json"
+    path = os.path.join(folder, name)
+    with open(path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
+        json.dump({
+            "ts": now_iso(),
+            "tool": tool,
+            "args": jsonable(args),
+            "backend": config.get("backend"),
+            "raw_globals": jsonable(panel),
+            "globals": jsonable(backend.get_globals(raw=False)),
+            "touched": sorted(str(key) for key in touched) if touched is not None else None,
+        }, handle, indent=1)
+    prune_keep = 200
+    files = sorted(glob.glob(os.path.join(folder, "*.json")))
+    for old in files[:-prune_keep]:
+        try:
+            os.remove(old)
+        except OSError:
+            pass
+    return {"file": path, "name": name, "dir": folder}
+
+
+def append_event(config, event):
+    folder = history_dir(config)
+    path = os.path.join(folder, "events.jsonl")
+    with open(path, "a", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
+        handle.write(json.dumps(jsonable(event), ensure_ascii=False) + "\n")
+
+
+def load_snapshot(config, name):
+    folder = history_dir(config)
+    if not name or name == "latest":
+        files = sorted(glob.glob(os.path.join(folder, "*.json")))
+        if not files:
+            raise BridgeError("NO_SNAPSHOT", "no panel snapshot found in " + folder)
+        path = files[-1]
+    else:
+        path = name if os.path.isabs(name) else os.path.join(folder, name)
+    if not os.path.isfile(path):
+        raise BridgeError("NO_SNAPSHOT", "snapshot not found: " + str(path))
+    with open(path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
+        data = json.load(handle)
+    return path, data
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------- hard limits
+
+
+def load_limits(config):
+    path = config.get("hardLimitsFile")
+    if not path:
+        return None
+    path = os.path.abspath(expand(path))
+    if not os.path.isfile(path):
+        raise BridgeError("HARD_LIMITS_UNREADABLE", "hardLimitsFile does not exist: " + path)
+    try:
+        with open(path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
+            doc = json.load(handle)
+    except Exception as exc:
+        raise BridgeError("HARD_LIMITS_UNREADABLE", "cannot read hardLimitsFile: " + str(exc))
+    limits = {}
+    for name, meta in (doc.get("limits") or {}).items():
+        if isinstance(meta, dict):
+            limits[str(name)] = dict(meta)
+    for channel, meta in (doc.get("channels") or {}).items():
+        if not isinstance(meta, dict):
+            continue
+        expanded = dict((k, v) for k, v in meta.items() if k != "globals")
+        expanded["channel"] = channel
+        for name in meta.get("globals") or []:
+            limits[str(name)] = dict(expanded)
+    return {"doc": doc, "limits": limits}
+
+
+def check_limits(config, set_values, scan_values, expected_n_shots):
+    loaded = load_limits(config)
+    if loaded is None:
+        return {"checked": False, "warning": "hardLimitsFile not configured"}
+    findings = []
+    limits = loaded["limits"]
+    for key, raw in (set_values or {}).items():
+        meta = limits.get(key)
+        number = as_limit_value(raw)
+        if meta is None or number is None:
+            continue
+        minimum = as_number(meta.get("min"))
+        if minimum is not None and number < minimum:
+            findings.append({"kind": "under_min", "key": key, "value": number, "min": minimum})
+        maximum = as_number(meta.get("max"))
+        if maximum is not None and number > maximum:
+            findings.append({"kind": "over_max", "key": key, "value": number, "max": maximum})
+    for key, expr in (scan_values or {}).items():
+        meta = limits.get(key)
+        if meta is None:
+            continue
+        minimum = as_number(meta.get("min"))
+        maximum = as_number(meta.get("max"))
+        if minimum is None and maximum is None:
+            continue
+        arr = eval_scan_expr(expr)
+        if not arr.size:
+            continue
+        if minimum is not None and float(arr.min()) < minimum:
+            findings.append({"kind": "under_min_scan", "key": key, "min_in_scan": float(arr.min()), "min": minimum})
+        if maximum is not None and float(arr.max()) > maximum:
+            findings.append({"kind": "over_max_scan", "key": key, "max_in_scan": float(arr.max()), "max": maximum})
+    doc = loaded["doc"]
+    max_shots = None
+    run_limits = doc.get("run_limits") or {}
+    if isinstance(run_limits, dict):
+        max_shots = run_limits.get("maxTotalShots") or run_limits.get("max_total_shots")
+    if isinstance(max_shots, int) and expected_n_shots is not None and expected_n_shots > max_shots:
+        findings.append({"kind": "over_max_total_shots", "expected": expected_n_shots, "max": max_shots})
+    if findings:
+        raise BridgeError("HARD_LIMIT_EXCEEDED", "hard limit exceeded", {"findings": findings})
+    return {"checked": True, "findings": []}
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------- postprocess
+
+
+def run_postprocess(config, plan, run_folder, scan_global, reps):
+    name = plan.get("postprocess")
+    if not name:
+        return None
+    spec = config.get("postprocess") or {}
+    entry = spec.get("entry")
+    if not entry:
+        raise BridgeError("POSTPROCESS_NOT_CONFIGURED", "protocol asks for postprocess but config.postprocess.entry is not set")
+    for extra in spec.get("pythonPaths") or []:
+        path = os.path.abspath(expand(extra))
+        if path not in sys.path:
+            sys.path.insert(0, path)
+    if ":" in entry:
+        module_name, func_name = entry.split(":", 1)
+    else:
+        module_name, func_name = entry.rsplit(".", 1)
+    try:
+        module = importlib.import_module(module_name)
+        func = getattr(module, func_name)
+    except Exception as exc:
+        raise BridgeError("POSTPROCESS_IMPORT_FAILED", "cannot import postprocess " + entry + ": " + str(exc))
+    try:
+        result = func(run_folder=run_folder, scan_global=scan_global, reps=reps, name=name)
+    except TypeError:
+        try:
+            result = func(run_folder, scan_global, reps, name)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            raise BridgeError("POSTPROCESS_FAILED", "postprocess raised: " + str(exc))
+    except Exception as exc:
+        raise BridgeError("POSTPROCESS_FAILED", "postprocess raised: " + str(exc))
+    if not isinstance(result, dict):
+        raise BridgeError("POSTPROCESS_BAD_RESULT", "postprocess must return a dict, got " + type(result).__name__)
+    return jsonable(result)
+
+
+def resolve_dotted(obj, dotted):
+    current = obj
+    for part in str(dotted).split("."):
+        if not isinstance(current, dict):
+            return None
+        current = current.get(part)
+    return current
+
+
+def apply_finish(backend, config, plan, result, run_folder):
+    out = {}
+    finish = plan.get("finish") or {}
+    panel = finish.get("panel") or {}
+    writes = {}
+    for key, dotted in panel.items():
+        value = as_number(resolve_dotted(result, dotted))
+        if value is not None:
+            writes[str(key)] = value
+    if writes:
+        out["panel"] = jsonable(backend.set_globals(writes, raw=False))
+    history = finish.get("history") or {}
+    rows = []
+    log_path = config.get("calibrationLog")
+    if history and log_path:
+        log_path = os.path.abspath(expand(log_path))
+        os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(log_path), exist_ok=True)
+        with open(log_path, "a", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
+            for key, dotted in history.items():
+                value = as_number(resolve_dotted(result, dotted))
+                if value is None:
+                    continue
+                row = {
+                    "ts": now_iso(),
+                    "protocol": plan.get("name") or plan.get("labscript"),
+                    "run_folder": run_folder,
+                    "key": str(key),
+                    "value": value,
+                    "postprocess": plan.get("postprocess"),
+                }
+                handle.write(json.dumps(row, ensure_ascii=False) + "\n")
+                rows.append(row)
+    if rows:
+        out["history"] = rows
+    return out
+
+
+def restore_panel(backend, config, snapshot_file, protected, only_touched=True):
+    _, data = load_snapshot(config, snapshot_file) if snapshot_file else load_snapshot(config, "latest")
+    protected = protected or set()
+    touched = data.get("touched")
+    use_raw = isinstance(backend, LabscriptBackend)
+    if use_raw:
+        values = to_raw_values(data.get("raw_globals") or {})
+    else:
+        values = data.get("globals")
+        if not values:
+            values = to_raw_values(data.get("raw_globals") or {})
+            use_raw = True
+    if not values:
+        return {"restored": False, "reason": "snapshot has no values"}
+    if only_touched and touched:
+        wanted = set(str(key) for key in touched)
+        values = dict((k, v) for k, v in values.items() if k in wanted)
+    if protected:
+        values = dict((k, v) for k, v in values.items() if k not in protected)
+    if not values:
+        return {"restored": False, "reason": "nothing to restore after filtering touched/protected keys"}
+    written = backend.set_globals(values, raw=use_raw)
+    readback = backend.get_globals(raw=True)
+    return {
+        "restored": True,
+        "selective": bool(only_touched and touched),
+        "keys": sorted(str(key) for key in values),
+        "from": data.get("ts"),
+        "written": jsonable(written),
+        "readback": jsonable(readback),
+    }
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------- protocol plan
+
+
+def normalize_plan(raw):
+    if not isinstance(raw, dict):
+        raise BridgeError("BAD_PROTOCOL", "protocol must be a mapping")
+    plan = {}
+    plan["name"] = raw.get("name") or raw.get("protocol") or ""
+    plan["labscript"] = raw.get("labscript")
+    plan["joint_script"] = raw.get("joint_script")
+    plan["set"] = dict(raw.get("set") or {})
+    plan["scan"] = dict(raw.get("scan") or {})
+    plan["reps"] = raw.get("reps", 1)
+    plan["engage"] = bool(raw.get("engage", True))
+    plan["postprocess"] = raw.get("postprocess") or raw.get("analysis")
+    finish = raw.get("finish") or {}
+    plan["finish"] = {
+        "restore": bool(finish.get("restore", True)),
+        "panel": dict(finish.get("panel") or {}),
+        "history": dict(finish.get("history") or {}),
+    }
+    if not plan["labscript"] and not plan["joint_script"]:
+        raise BridgeError("BAD_PROTOCOL", "protocol needs labscript or joint_script")
+    reps = plan["reps"]
+    if isinstance(reps, bool) or not isinstance(reps, int) or reps <= 0:
+        raise BridgeError("BAD_PROTOCOL", "reps must be a positive integer")
+    return plan
+
+
+def scan_expr_from_value(value):
+    """Protocol YAML scan value -> runmanager raw expression string."""
+    import numpy as np
+    if isinstance(value, bool):
+        raise BridgeError("BAD_PROTOCOL", "scan value cannot be a bool")
+    if isinstance(value, (int, float)):
+        return repr(float(value))
+    if isinstance(value, str):
+        arr = eval_scan_expr(value)
+        if arr.size < 1:
+            raise BridgeError("BAD_PROTOCOL", "scan expression is empty: " + value)
+        return value
+    if isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
+        if not value:
+            raise BridgeError("BAD_PROTOCOL", "scan list is empty")
+        numbers = [float(item) for item in value]
+        if len(numbers) == 1:
+            return repr(numbers[0])
+        steps = [numbers[index + 1] - numbers[index] for index in range(len(numbers) - 1)]
+        mean = sum(steps) / len(steps)
+        tolerance = 1e-9 * max(1.0, abs(mean))
+        if all(abs(step - mean) <= tolerance for step in steps):
+            return "np.linspace(" + repr(numbers[0]) + ", " + repr(numbers[-1]) + ", " + str(len(numbers)) + ")"
+        return "np.array([" + ",".join(repr(number) for number in numbers) + "])"
+    raise BridgeError("BAD_PROTOCOL", "unsupported scan value: " + repr(value))
+
+
+def resolve_plan(config, plan):
+    resolved = dict(plan)
+    if not resolved.get("labscript") and resolved.get("joint_script"):
+        path = config.get("scriptsFile")
+        if not path:
+            raise BridgeError("UNKNOWN_SCRIPT", "protocol uses joint_script but config.scriptsFile is not set")
+        path = os.path.abspath(expand(path))
+        if not os.path.isfile(path):
+            raise BridgeError("UNKNOWN_SCRIPT", "scriptsFile not found: " + path)
+        with open(path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
+            registry = json.load(handle)
+        entry = registry.get(resolved["joint_script"])
+        if not entry:
+            raise BridgeError("UNKNOWN_SCRIPT", "joint_script not registered: " + str(resolved["joint_script"]))
+        resolved["labscript"] = entry.get("labscript")
+    scan_exprs = {}
+    scan_raw = {}
+    n_points = 1
+    for key, value in resolved["scan"].items():
+        expr = scan_expr_from_value(value)
+        arr = eval_scan_expr(expr)
+        if arr.size < 1:
+            raise BridgeError("BAD_PROTOCOL", "scan axis is empty: " + key)
+        scan_exprs[key] = arr
+        scan_raw[key] = expr
+        n_points *= int(arr.size)
+    resolved["scan_exprs"] = scan_exprs
+    resolved["scan_raw"] = scan_raw
+    resolved["expected_n_shots"] = int(resolved["reps"]) * n_points
+    return resolved
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------- commands
+
+
+def cmd_status(config, args):
+    backend = make_backend(config)
+    keys = args.get("keys")
+    raw = bool(args.get("raw"))
+    values = backend.get_globals(raw=False)
+    raw_values = backend.get_globals(raw=True)
+    if keys:
+        values = dict((k, values.get(k)) for k in keys)
+        raw_values = dict((k, raw_values.get(k)) for k in keys)
+    out = {
+        "backend": config.get("backend"),
+        "version": backend.version() if hasattr(backend, "version") else None,
+        "labscript": backend.labscript_file(),
+        "shot_output_folder": backend.shot_output_folder(),
+        "globals": jsonable(values),
+        "n_shots": backend.n_shots(),
+        "error_in_globals": backend.error_in_globals(),
+        "run_shots": backend.run_shots(),
+        "panel_history": panel_history_info(config),
+    }
+    if raw:
+        out["raw_globals"] = jsonable(raw_values)
+    return out
+
+
+def panel_history_info(config):
+    folder = history_dir(config)
+    files = sorted(glob.glob(os.path.join(folder, "*.json")))
+    latest = os.path.basename(files[-1]) if files else None
+    return {"dir": folder, "latest": latest, "count": len(files)}
+
+
+def cmd_set(config, args):
+    backend = make_backend(config)
+    values = dict(args.get("values") or {})
+    reps = args.get("reps")
+    raw = bool(args.get("raw"))
+    if reps is not None:
+        if isinstance(reps, bool) or not isinstance(reps, int) or reps <= 0:
+            raise BridgeError("BAD_ARGS", "reps must be a positive integer")
+        reps_global = ((config.get("reps") or {}).get("global") or "dummy_iterator")
+        values[reps_global] = "np.arange(" + str(reps) + ")" if raw else list(range(reps))
+        raw = True
+    if not values:
+        raise BridgeError("BAD_ARGS", "values must not be empty")
+    if raw:
+        values = dict((k, v) if isinstance(v, str) else (k, values_to_raw({k: v})[k]) for k, v in values.items()) if False else dict((k, v if isinstance(v, str) else values_to_raw({k: v})[k]) for k, v in values.items())
+    elif has_array_value(values):
+        values = values_to_raw(values)
+        raw = True
+    check_limits(config, dict((k, v) for k, v in values.items() if not raw), dict((k, v) for k, v in values.items()) if raw else {}, None)
+    snap = snapshot_panel(backend, config, "set", {"keys": sorted(values.keys()), "raw": raw, "note": args.get("note")}, touched=values.keys())
+    try:
+        written = backend.set_globals(values, raw=raw)
+    except BridgeError as exc:
+        detail = dict(exc.detail or {})
+        detail["snapshot"] = snap
+        detail["hint"] = "set_globals failed after the panel snapshot; the panel may be partially written. Use labs_restore to undo."
+        raise BridgeError(exc.code, exc.message, detail)
+    except Exception as exc:
+        raise BridgeError("SET_FAILED", "set_globals failed: " + type(exc).__name__ + ": " + str(exc), {
+            "snapshot": snap,
+            "hint": "the panel may be partially written; use labs_restore to undo",
+        })
+    readback = backend.get_globals(raw=False)
+    raw_readback = backend.get_globals(raw=True)
+    missing = [k for k in values if k not in readback]
+    out = {
+        "written": jsonable(written),
+        "readback": dict((k, jsonable(readback.get(k))) for k in values),
+        "raw_readback": dict((k, jsonable(raw_readback.get(k))) for k in values),
+        "missing": missing,
+        "n_shots": backend.n_shots(),
+        "error_in_globals": backend.error_in_globals(),
+        "snapshot": snap,
+    }
+    append_event(config, {"ts": now_iso(), "tool": "set", "backend": config.get("backend"), "note": args.get("note"), "keys": sorted(values.keys()), "snapshot": snap["name"]})
+    return out
+
+
+def cmd_engage(config, args):
+    backend = make_backend(config)
+    if backend.error_in_globals():
+        raise BridgeError("GLOBALS_ERROR", "panel globals are in an error state; refusing to engage")
+    run_shots = backend.run_shots()
+    if run_shots is False:
+        raise BridgeError("RUN_SHOTS_OFF", "the runmanager 'Run shot(s)' checkbox is off; engage would only compile and never execute")
+    n_shots = backend.n_shots()
+    result = backend.engage()
+    run_folder = None
+    if isinstance(result, dict):
+        run_folder = result.get("run_folder")
+    else:
+        run_folder = getattr(result, "run_folder", None)
+    out = {
+        "accepted": True,
+        "run_folder": run_folder,
+        "mapped_run_folder": map_path(config, run_folder),
+        "n_shots_at_submit": n_shots,
+        "expected_n_shots": int(args.get("expected_n_shots") or n_shots),
+        "labscript": backend.labscript_file(),
+        "submitted_at": now_iso(),
+    }
+    append_event(config, {"ts": out["submitted_at"], "tool": "engage", "backend": config.get("backend"), "note": args.get("note"), "run_folder": run_folder, "expected_n_shots": out["expected_n_shots"]})
+    return out
+
+
+def wait_for_run(config, run_folder, expected, timeout_s):
+    if not run_folder:
+        raise BridgeError("BAD_ARGS", "run_folder is required")
+    folder = map_path(config, run_folder)
+    engage_cfg = config.get("engage") or {}
+    timeout = float(timeout_s or engage_cfg.get("timeoutS") or 900)
+    poll = float(engage_cfg.get("pollS") or 1.0)
+    settle = float(engage_cfg.get("settleS") or 2.0)
+    stall = float(engage_cfg.get("stallS") or 20.0)
+    start = time.time()
+    stable_since = None
+    compiled_since = None
+    last_count = -1
+    last_size = -1
+    last_executed = None
+
+    def result(complete, timed_out, diagnosis, count, executed, elapsed, hint=None):
+        payload = {
+            "run_folder": run_folder,
+            "mapped_run_folder": folder,
+            "folder_exists": os.path.isdir(folder),
+            "expected_n_shots": expected,
+            "n_h5": count,
+            "complete": complete,
+            "timed_out": timed_out,
+            "diagnosis": diagnosis,
+            "executed": executed,
+            "elapsed": round(elapsed, 1),
+        }
+        if hint:
+            payload["hint"] = hint
+        return payload
+
+    while True:
+        shots = sorted(glob.glob(os.path.join(folder, "**", "*.h5"), recursive=True))
+        count = len(shots)
+        total = sum(os.path.getsize(p) for p in shots) if shots else 0
+        ready = False
+        if count >= (expected or 0) and count == last_count and total == last_size and shots:
+            ready = shot_ready(shots[-1])
+        executed = None
+        if ready:
+            executed = shot_executed(shots[-1])
+        if ready and executed is True:
+            compiled_since = None
+            if stable_since is None:
+                stable_since = time.time()
+            elif time.time() - stable_since >= settle:
+                return result(True, False, "complete", count, True, time.time() - start)
+        else:
+            stable_since = None
+            if ready and executed is False:
+                if compiled_since is None:
+                    compiled_since = time.time()
+                elif time.time() - compiled_since >= stall:
+                    return result(
+                        False, False, "compiled_not_executed", count, False, time.time() - start,
+                        "shots were compiled but show no acquisition data after " + str(int(stall)) +
+                        " s: BLACS may be paused / the queue may not be running, or the run is still being programmed. Check BLACS and the panel, then labs_abort if needed.")
+            else:
+                compiled_since = None
+        last_count = count
+        last_size = total
+        last_executed = executed
+        if time.time() - start >= timeout:
+            if count == 0:
+                diagnosis = "no_shots"
+                hint = "no shot h5 appeared: check that the run was accepted, that BLACS is running, and that pathMap points at the run folder."
+            elif count < (expected or 0):
+                diagnosis = "compiling"
+                hint = "only " + str(count) + " of " + str(expected) + " shots appeared before the timeout; the run may still be compiling or blocked."
+            elif executed is False:
+                diagnosis = "compiled_not_executed"
+                hint = "shots were compiled but no acquisition data was found: BLACS may be paused or not executing the queue."
+            else:
+                diagnosis = "partial"
+                hint = "shots appeared but the run was not confirmed complete before the timeout."
+            return result(False, True, diagnosis, count, executed, time.time() - start, hint)
+        time.sleep(poll)
+
+
+def cmd_wait(config, args):
+    return wait_for_run(config, args.get("run_folder"), int(args.get("expected_n_shots") or 0), args.get("timeout_s"))
+
+
+def cmd_abort(config, args):
+    backend = make_backend(config)
+    backend_name = (config.get("backend") or "").lower()
+    if backend_name == "labscript":
+        note = ("labscript abort stops compiling/submitting new shots. Shots that are already compiled and queued "
+                "in BLACS, or currently running, are not stopped by it. This is not a hardware interlock.")
+    elif backend_name == "http-sim":
+        note = "http-sim abort stops the simulated queue (pause + clear)."
+    else:
+        note = "mock backend abort is a no-op."
+    result = backend.abort()
+    append_event(config, {"ts": now_iso(), "tool": "abort", "backend": config.get("backend"), "note": note, "result": jsonable(result)})
+    return {"aborted": True, "note": note, "result": jsonable(result)}
+
+
+def cmd_progress(config, args):
+    run_folder = args.get("run_folder")
+    expected = int(args.get("expected_n_shots") or 0)
+    folder = map_path(config, run_folder)
+    shots = sorted(glob.glob(os.path.join(folder, "**", "*.h5"), recursive=True)) if folder else []
+    return {"run_folder": run_folder, "n_h5": len(shots), "expected_n_shots": expected, "complete": bool(expected and len(shots) >= expected)}
+
+
+
+def script_name_check(script_path, keys):
+    """Check that every protocol key appears as an identifier in the labscript source.
+
+    Heuristic by design: tokenize strips comments/strings; dynamic globals lookups
+    are not detected. Returns checked=False when the source cannot be read.
+    """
+    if not script_path:
+        return {"checked": False, "reason": "no labscript file", "script": None, "missing": [], "suggestions": {}}
+    path = os.path.abspath(expand(script_path))
+    if not os.path.isfile(path):
+        return {"checked": False, "reason": "labscript file not readable: " + path, "script": script_path, "missing": [], "suggestions": {}}
+    try:
+        with open(path, "r", encoding="utf-8", errors="replace") as handle:
+            source = handle.read()
+        import io
+        import tokenize
+        names = set()
+        for token in tokenize.generate_tokens(io.StringIO(source).readline):
+            if token.type == tokenize.NAME:
+                names.add(token.string)
+    except Exception as exc:
+        return {"checked": False, "reason": "cannot parse labscript: " + str(exc), "script": script_path, "missing": [], "suggestions": {}}
+    import difflib
+    missing = []
+    suggestions = {}
+    for key in keys:
+        if key in names:
+            continue
+        missing.append(key)
+        suggestions[key] = difflib.get_close_matches(str(key), sorted(names), n=3, cutoff=0.6)
+    return {"checked": True, "script": script_path, "missing": missing, "suggestions": suggestions}
+
+
+def check_protocol_names(config, plan):
+    backend = make_backend(config)
+    loaded = backend.labscript_file()
+    if not loaded:
+        return {"checked": False, "reason": "runmanager did not report a labscript file", "script": None, "missing": [], "suggestions": {}}
+    reps_global = ((config.get("reps") or {}).get("global") or "dummy_iterator")
+    keys = sorted((set(plan.get("set") or {}) | set(plan.get("scan") or {})) - {reps_global})
+    info = script_name_check(map_path(config, loaded), keys)
+    info["script"] = loaded
+    return info
+
+def cmd_data(config, args):
+    ensure_h5_lock()
+    import h5py
+    run_folder = args.get("run_folder")
+    if not run_folder:
+        raise BridgeError("BAD_ARGS", "run_folder is required")
+    folder = map_path(config, run_folder)
+    shots = sorted(glob.glob(os.path.join(folder, "**", "*.h5"), recursive=True))
+    out = {"run_folder": run_folder, "mapped_run_folder": folder, "n_h5": len(shots)}
+    if not shots:
+        return out
+    scan = args.get("scan")
+    with h5py.File(shots[0], "r", locking=False) as handle:
+        globals_attrs = dict(handle["globals"].attrs) if "globals" in handle else {}
+        if args.get("globals", True):
+            out["globals"] = jsonable(globals_attrs)
+        if args.get("results"):
+            layout = {}
+            if "results" in handle:
+                for group_name in handle["results"]:
+                    group = handle["results"][group_name]
+                    if isinstance(group, h5py.Group):
+                        layout[group_name] = sorted(list(group.keys()) + list(group.attrs.keys()))
+            out["results_layout"] = layout
+    if scan:
+        rows = []
+        for path in shots:
+            with h5py.File(path, "r", locking=False) as handle:
+                attrs = handle["globals"].attrs if "globals" in handle else {}
+                row = {"shot": os.path.basename(path)}
+                if scan in attrs:
+                    row[scan] = jsonable(attrs[scan])
+                if "results" in handle:
+                    for group_name in handle["results"]:
+                        group = handle["results"][group_name]
+                        if not isinstance(group, h5py.Group):
+                            continue
+                        for key in list(group.attrs.keys()):
+                            value = as_number(group.attrs[key])
+                            if value is not None:
+                                row[group_name + "." + key] = value
+                        for key in group.keys():
+                            item = group[key]
+                            if isinstance(item, h5py.Dataset) and item.size <= 16:
+                                try:
+                                    value = item[()]
+                                    if hasattr(value, "item"):
+                                        value = value.item()
+                                except Exception:
+                                    continue
+                                number = as_number(value)
+                                if number is not None:
+                                    row[group_name + "." + key] = number
+                rows.append(row)
+        out["scan_table"] = {"scan": scan, "n_points": len(rows), "rows": rows}
+    return out
+
+
+def cmd_restore(config, args):
+    backend = make_backend(config)
+    snap = args.get("snapshot")
+    full = bool(args.get("full"))
+    path, data = load_snapshot(config, snap)
+    touched = data.get("touched")
+    use_raw = isinstance(backend, LabscriptBackend)
+    if use_raw:
+        values = to_raw_values(data.get("raw_globals") or {})
+    else:
+        values = data.get("globals") or to_raw_values(data.get("raw_globals") or {})
+        if not data.get("globals"):
+            use_raw = True
+    if not full and touched:
+        wanted = set(str(key) for key in touched)
+        values = dict((k, v) for k, v in values.items() if k in wanted)
+    written = backend.set_globals(values, raw=use_raw)
+    readback = backend.get_globals(raw=True)
+    append_event(config, {"ts": now_iso(), "tool": "restore", "backend": config.get("backend"), "snapshot": os.path.basename(path)})
+    return {
+        "restored_from": {"file": path, "ts": data.get("ts"), "tool": data.get("tool")},
+        "selective": bool(not full and touched),
+        "keys": sorted(str(key) for key in values),
+        "written": jsonable(written),
+        "readback": jsonable(readback),
+    }
+
+
+def cmd_protocol_plan(config, args):
+    plan = resolve_plan(config, normalize_plan(args.get("protocol") or {}))
+    limits = check_limits(config, plan["set"], dict((k, v) for k, v in plan["scan_raw"].items()), plan["expected_n_shots"])
+    public = {
+        "name": plan.get("name"),
+        "labscript": plan.get("labscript"),
+        "joint_script": plan.get("joint_script"),
+        "set": jsonable(plan["set"]),
+        "scan": dict((k, {"expr": plan["scan_raw"][k], "n": int(plan["scan_exprs"][k].size)}) for k in plan["scan"]),
+        "reps": plan["reps"],
+        "engage": plan["engage"],
+        "postprocess": plan.get("postprocess"),
+        "finish": jsonable(plan["finish"]),
+        "expected_n_shots": plan["expected_n_shots"],
+    }
+    warnings = []
+    if not plan.get("postprocess"):
+        warnings.append("protocol has no postprocess")
+    name_check = check_protocol_names(config, plan)
+    return {"plan": public, "hard_limits": limits, "name_check": name_check, "warnings": warnings}
+
+
+def cmd_protocol_start(config, args):
+    plan = resolve_plan(config, normalize_plan(args.get("protocol") or {}))
+    backend = make_backend(config)
+    check_limits(config, plan["set"], dict((k, v) for k, v in plan["scan_raw"].items()), plan["expected_n_shots"])
+    reps_global = ((config.get("reps") or {}).get("global") or "dummy_iterator")
+    touched = set(plan["set"]) | set(plan["scan"]) | {reps_global}
+    snap = snapshot_panel(backend, config, "protocol", {"name": plan.get("name"), "labscript": plan.get("labscript"), "note": args.get("note")}, touched=touched)
+    steps = {}
+    try:
+        if plan["set"]:
+            steps["set"] = jsonable(backend.set_globals(plan["set"], raw=False))
+        scan_values = dict((k, expr) for k, expr in plan["scan_raw"].items())
+        scan_values[reps_global] = "np.arange(" + str(plan["reps"]) + ")"
+        steps["scan"] = jsonable(backend.set_globals(scan_values, raw=True))
+    except BridgeError as exc:
+        detail = dict(exc.detail or {})
+        detail["snapshot"] = snap
+        detail["hint"] = "protocol panel write failed; the panel may be partially written. Use labs_restore to undo."
+        raise BridgeError(exc.code, exc.message, detail)
+    except Exception as exc:
+        raise BridgeError("PROTOCOL_WRITE_FAILED", "protocol panel write failed: " + type(exc).__name__ + ": " + str(exc), {
+            "snapshot": snap,
+            "hint": "the panel may be partially written; use labs_restore to undo",
+        })
+    panel_n_shots = backend.n_shots()
+    if panel_n_shots != plan["expected_n_shots"]:
+        raise BridgeError("N_SHOTS_MISMATCH", "panel n_shots does not match protocol plan", {"panel_n_shots": panel_n_shots, "expected": plan["expected_n_shots"]})
+    if not plan["engage"]:
+        return {"plan": public_plan(plan), "snapshot": snap, "steps": steps, "engage": None, "n_shots_at_submit": panel_n_shots}
+    result = backend.engage()
+    run_folder = result.get("run_folder") if isinstance(result, dict) else getattr(result, "run_folder", None)
+    out = {
+        "plan": public_plan(plan),
+        "snapshot": snap,
+        "steps": steps,
+        "engage": {"accepted": True, "run_folder": run_folder, "mapped_run_folder": map_path(config, run_folder), "n_shots_at_submit": panel_n_shots},
+        "n_shots_at_submit": panel_n_shots,
+        "expected_n_shots": plan["expected_n_shots"],
+        "submitted_at": now_iso(),
+    }
+    append_event(config, {"ts": out["submitted_at"], "tool": "protocol", "backend": config.get("backend"), "note": args.get("note"), "protocol": plan.get("name"), "run_folder": run_folder, "expected_n_shots": plan["expected_n_shots"]})
+    return out
+
+
+def public_plan(plan):
+    return {
+        "name": plan.get("name"),
+        "labscript": plan.get("labscript"),
+        "joint_script": plan.get("joint_script"),
+        "set": jsonable(plan["set"]),
+        "scan": dict((k, {"expr": plan["scan"][k], "n": int(plan["scan_exprs"][k].size)}) for k in plan["scan"]),
+        "reps": plan["reps"],
+        "engage": plan["engage"],
+        "postprocess": plan.get("postprocess"),
+        "finish": jsonable(plan["finish"]),
+        "expected_n_shots": plan["expected_n_shots"],
+    }
+
+
+def cmd_protocol_finalize(config, args):
+    plan = resolve_plan(config, normalize_plan(args.get("protocol") or {}))
+    run_folder = args.get("run_folder")
+    if not run_folder:
+        raise BridgeError("BAD_ARGS", "run_folder is required")
+    backend = make_backend(config)
+    out = {"run_folder": run_folder}
+    result = None
+    if plan.get("postprocess"):
+        scan_global = next(iter(plan["scan"]), None) if plan["scan"] else None
+        result = run_postprocess(config, plan, map_path(config, run_folder), scan_global, plan["reps"])
+        out["postprocess"] = result
+    if plan.get("finish"):
+        out["finish"] = apply_finish(backend, config, plan, result or {}, run_folder)
+        if plan["finish"].get("restore"):
+            protected = set((plan["finish"].get("panel") or {}).keys())
+            out["restore"] = restore_panel(backend, config, (args.get("snapshot") or {}).get("file"), protected)
+    append_event(config, {"ts": now_iso(), "tool": "protocol_finalize", "backend": config.get("backend"), "note": args.get("note"), "protocol": plan.get("name"), "run_folder": run_folder, "postprocess": bool(result), "restore": (out.get("restore") or {}).get("restored")})
+    return out
+
+
+def _add_check(checks, name, status, detail, hint=""):
+    checks.append({"name": name, "status": status, "detail": str(detail), "hint": hint})
+
+
+def cmd_doctor(config, args):
+    """Read-only environment/config diagnostic (no panel writes, no engage)."""
+    checks = []
+    _add_check(checks, "python", "ok", sys.version.split()[0])
+    try:
+        import numpy as np
+        _add_check(checks, "numpy", "ok", np.__version__)
+    except Exception as exc:
+        _add_check(checks, "numpy", "fail", str(exc), "install numpy (the labscript-suite environment has it)")
+    try:
+        import h5py
+        _add_check(checks, "h5py", "ok", h5py.__version__)
+    except Exception as exc:
+        _add_check(checks, "h5py", "fail", str(exc), "install h5py")
+
+    backend = (config.get("backend") or "mock-labscript").lower()
+    _add_check(checks, "backend", "ok", backend)
+    if backend == "labscript":
+        missing = []
+        for module in ("labscript", "runmanager", "labscript_utils", "zprocess"):
+            try:
+                importlib.import_module(module)
+            except Exception as exc:
+                missing.append(module + ": " + str(exc))
+        if missing:
+            _add_check(checks, "labscript-suite", "fail", "; ".join(missing), "use the labscript-suite python environment")
+        else:
+            _add_check(checks, "labscript-suite", "ok", "labscript / runmanager / labscript_utils / zprocess importable")
+        try:
+            probe = LabscriptBackend(config)
+            client = probe.client()
+            version = client.get_version() if hasattr(client, "get_version") else "unknown"
+            _add_check(checks, "runmanager", "ok", str(version))
+            try:
+                _add_check(checks, "panel", "ok", "n_shots=" + str(probe.n_shots()) + ", run_shots=" + str(probe.run_shots()) + ", error_in_globals=" + str(probe.error_in_globals()))
+            except Exception as exc:
+                _add_check(checks, "panel", "warn", str(exc), "runmanager connected but the panel read failed")
+            try:
+                _add_check(checks, "shot-output", "ok", str(probe.shot_output_folder()))
+            except Exception as exc:
+                _add_check(checks, "shot-output", "warn", str(exc), "cannot resolve the shot output folder")
+        except Exception as exc:
+            _add_check(checks, "runmanager", "fail", str(exc), "check runmanager host/port and the zprocess shared secret in labconfig")
+    else:
+        try:
+            probe = make_backend(config)
+            status = cmd_status(config, {})
+            _add_check(checks, "backend-status", "ok", "n_shots=" + str(status.get("n_shots")) + ", labscript=" + str(status.get("labscript")))
+        except Exception as exc:
+            _add_check(checks, "backend-status", "fail", str(exc), "check the mock/simulator configuration")
+
+    protocols_dir = config.get("protocolsDir")
+    if protocols_dir:
+        path = os.path.abspath(expand(protocols_dir))
+        _add_check(checks, "protocols-dir", "ok" if os.path.isdir(path) else "warn", path, "" if os.path.isdir(path) else "directory does not exist")
+    scripts_file = config.get("scriptsFile")
+    if scripts_file and os.path.isfile(os.path.abspath(expand(scripts_file))):
+        try:
+            with open(os.path.abspath(expand(scripts_file)), "r", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
+                json.load(handle)
+            _add_check(checks, "scripts-file", "ok", scripts_file)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            _add_check(checks, "scripts-file", "fail", str(exc), "scriptsFile must be JSON")
+    hard_limits = config.get("hardLimitsFile")
+    if hard_limits:
+        try:
+            with open(os.path.abspath(expand(hard_limits)), "r", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
+                json.load(handle)
+            _add_check(checks, "hard-limits-file", "ok", hard_limits)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            _add_check(checks, "hard-limits-file", "warn", str(exc), "hard limits are not enforced if this file cannot be read")
+    try:
+        base = history_dir(config)
+        _add_check(checks, "state-dir", "ok", base)
+    except Exception as exc:
+        _add_check(checks, "state-dir", "fail", str(exc), "cannot create the panel history directory")
+
+    spec = config.get("postprocess") or {}
+    entry = spec.get("entry")
+    if entry:
+        for extra in spec.get("pythonPaths") or []:
+            extra_path = os.path.abspath(expand(extra))
+            if extra_path not in sys.path:
+                sys.path.insert(0, extra_path)
+        try:
+            module_name, _, function_name = entry.partition(":")
+            module = importlib.import_module(module_name)
+            if not hasattr(module, function_name):
+                raise AttributeError("module has no attribute " + function_name)
+            _add_check(checks, "postprocess", "ok", entry)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            _add_check(checks, "postprocess", "fail", str(exc), "postprocess.entry must be module:function and importable from pythonPaths")
+    return {"checks": checks, "backend": backend, "python": sys.version.split()[0]}
+
+
+HANDLERS = {
+    "status": cmd_status,
+    "set": cmd_set,
+    "engage": cmd_engage,
+    "wait": cmd_wait,
+    "abort": cmd_abort,
+    "progress": cmd_progress,
+    "data": cmd_data,
+    "restore": cmd_restore,
+    "protocol_plan": cmd_protocol_plan,
+    "protocol_start": cmd_protocol_start,
+    "protocol_finalize": cmd_protocol_finalize,
+    "doctor": cmd_doctor,
+}
+
+
+def main():
+    try:
+        request = json.load(sys.stdin)
+    except Exception as exc:
+        sys.stdout.write(json.dumps({"ok": False, "error": {"code": "BAD_REQUEST", "message": "invalid JSON on stdin: " + str(exc)}}))
+        return 0
+    command = request.get("cmd") or ""
+    handler = HANDLERS.get(command)
+    if handler is None:
+        sys.stdout.write(json.dumps({"ok": False, "error": {"code": "UNKNOWN_COMMAND", "message": "unknown bridge command: " + str(command)}}))
+        return 0
+    try:
+        data = handler(request.get("config") or {}, request.get("args") or {})
+        sys.stdout.write(json.dumps({"ok": True, "data": jsonable(data)}, ensure_ascii=True))
+        return 0
+    except BridgeError as exc:
+        sys.stdout.write(json.dumps({"ok": False, "error": {"code": exc.code, "message": exc.message, "detail": jsonable(exc.detail)}}, ensure_ascii=True))
+        return 0
+    except Exception as exc:
+        traceback.print_exc(file=sys.stderr)
+        sys.stdout.write(json.dumps({"ok": False, "error": {"code": "INTERNAL", "message": type(exc).__name__ + ": " + str(exc)}}, ensure_ascii=True))
+        return 1
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main())