doubly-linked-list-typed 2.1.1 → 2.2.0

package/dist/esm/index.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,1297 @@
+var __defProp = Object.defineProperty;
+var __name = (target, value) => __defProp(target, "name", { value, configurable: true });
+
+// src/data-structures/base/iterable-element-base.ts
+var IterableElementBase = class {
+  static {
+    __name(this, "IterableElementBase");
+  }
+  /**
+   * Create a new iterable base.
+   *
+   * @param options Optional behavior overrides. When provided, a `toElementFn`
+   * is used to convert a raw element (`R`) into a public element (`E`).
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * Time O(1), Space O(1).
+   */
+  constructor(options) {
+    if (options) {
+      const { toElementFn } = options;
+      if (typeof toElementFn === "function") this._toElementFn = toElementFn;
+      else if (toElementFn) throw new TypeError("toElementFn must be a function type");
+    }
+  }
+  /**
+   * The converter used to transform a raw element (`R`) into a public element (`E`).
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * Time O(1), Space O(1).
+   */
+  _toElementFn;
+  /**
+   * Exposes the current `toElementFn`, if configured.
+   *
+   * @returns The converter function or `undefined` when not set.
+   * @remarks
+   * Time O(1), Space O(1).
+   */
+  get toElementFn() {
+    return this._toElementFn;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Returns an iterator over the structure's elements.
+   *
+   * @param args Optional iterator arguments forwarded to the internal iterator.
+   * @returns An `IterableIterator<E>` that yields the elements in traversal order.
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * Producing the iterator is O(1); consuming the entire iterator is Time O(n) with O(1) extra space.
+   */
+  *[Symbol.iterator](...args) {
+    yield* this._getIterator(...args);
+  }
+  /**
+   * Returns an iterator over the values (alias of the default iterator).
+   *
+   * @returns An `IterableIterator<E>` over all elements.
+   * @remarks
+   * Creating the iterator is O(1); full iteration is Time O(n), Space O(1).
+   */
+  *values() {
+    for (const item of this) yield item;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Tests whether all elements satisfy the predicate.
+   *
+   * @template TReturn
+   * @param predicate Function invoked for each element with signature `(value, index, self)`.
+   * @param thisArg Optional `this` binding for the predicate.
+   * @returns `true` if every element passes; otherwise `false`.
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * Time O(n) in the worst case; may exit early when the first failure is found. Space O(1).
+   */
+  every(predicate, thisArg) {
+    let index = 0;
+    for (const item of this) {
+      if (thisArg === void 0) {
+        if (!predicate(item, index++, this)) return false;
+      } else {
+        const fn = predicate;
+        if (!fn.call(thisArg, item, index++, this)) return false;
+      }
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Tests whether at least one element satisfies the predicate.
+   *
+   * @param predicate Function invoked for each element with signature `(value, index, self)`.
+   * @param thisArg Optional `this` binding for the predicate.
+   * @returns `true` if any element passes; otherwise `false`.
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * Time O(n) in the worst case; may exit early on first success. Space O(1).
+   */
+  some(predicate, thisArg) {
+    let index = 0;
+    for (const item of this) {
+      if (thisArg === void 0) {
+        if (predicate(item, index++, this)) return true;
+      } else {
+        const fn = predicate;
+        if (fn.call(thisArg, item, index++, this)) return true;
+      }
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Invokes a callback for each element in iteration order.
+   *
+   * @param callbackfn Function invoked per element with signature `(value, index, self)`.
+   * @param thisArg Optional `this` binding for the callback.
+   * @returns `void`.
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * Time O(n), Space O(1).
+   */
+  forEach(callbackfn, thisArg) {
+    let index = 0;
+    for (const item of this) {
+      if (thisArg === void 0) {
+        callbackfn(item, index++, this);
+      } else {
+        const fn = callbackfn;
+        fn.call(thisArg, item, index++, this);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  // Implementation signature
+  find(predicate, thisArg) {
+    let index = 0;
+    for (const item of this) {
+      if (thisArg === void 0) {
+        if (predicate(item, index++, this)) return item;
+      } else {
+        const fn = predicate;
+        if (fn.call(thisArg, item, index++, this)) return item;
+      }
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Checks whether a strictly-equal element exists in the structure.
+   *
+   * @param element The element to test with `===` equality.
+   * @returns `true` if an equal element is found; otherwise `false`.
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * Time O(n) in the worst case. Space O(1).
+   */
+  has(element) {
+    for (const ele of this) if (ele === element) return true;
+    return false;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Reduces all elements to a single accumulated value.
+   *
+   * @overload
+   * @param callbackfn Reducer of signature `(acc, value, index, self) => nextAcc`. The first element is used as the initial accumulator.
+   * @returns The final accumulated value typed as `E`.
+   *
+   * @overload
+   * @param callbackfn Reducer of signature `(acc, value, index, self) => nextAcc`.
+   * @param initialValue The initial accumulator value of type `E`.
+   * @returns The final accumulated value typed as `E`.
+   *
+   * @overload
+   * @template U The accumulator type when it differs from `E`.
+   * @param callbackfn Reducer of signature `(acc: U, value, index, self) => U`.
+   * @param initialValue The initial accumulator value of type `U`.
+   * @returns The final accumulated value typed as `U`.
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * Time O(n), Space O(1). Throws if called on an empty structure without `initialValue`.
+   */
+  reduce(callbackfn, initialValue) {
+    let index = 0;
+    const iter = this[Symbol.iterator]();
+    let acc;
+    if (arguments.length >= 2) {
+      acc = initialValue;
+    } else {
+      const first = iter.next();
+      if (first.done) throw new TypeError("Reduce of empty structure with no initial value");
+      acc = first.value;
+      index = 1;
+    }
+    for (const value of iter) {
+      acc = callbackfn(acc, value, index++, this);
+    }
+    return acc;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Materializes the elements into a new array.
+   *
+   * @returns A shallow array copy of the iteration order.
+   * @remarks
+   * Time O(n), Space O(n).
+   */
+  toArray() {
+    return [...this];
+  }
+  /**
+   * Returns a representation of the structure suitable for quick visualization.
+   * Defaults to an array of elements; subclasses may override to provide richer visuals.
+   *
+   * @returns A visual representation (array by default).
+   * @remarks
+   * Time O(n), Space O(n).
+   */
+  toVisual() {
+    return [...this];
+  }
+  /**
+   * Prints `toVisual()` to the console. Intended for quick debugging.
+   *
+   * @returns `void`.
+   * @remarks
+   * Time O(n) due to materialization, Space O(n) for the intermediate representation.
+   */
+  print() {
+    console.log(this.toVisual());
+  }
+};
+
+// src/data-structures/base/linear-base.ts
+var LinkedListNode = class {
+  static {
+    __name(this, "LinkedListNode");
+  }
+  /**
+   * Initialize a node.
+   * @param value - Element value.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   */
+  constructor(value) {
+    this._value = value;
+    this._next = void 0;
+  }
+  _value;
+  /**
+   * Element payload getter.
+   * @returns Element value.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   */
+  get value() {
+    return this._value;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Element payload setter.
+   * @param value - New value.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   */
+  set value(value) {
+    this._value = value;
+  }
+  _next;
+  /**
+   * Next node getter.
+   * @returns Next node or `undefined`.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   */
+  get next() {
+    return this._next;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Next node setter.
+   * @param value - Next node or `undefined`.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   */
+  set next(value) {
+    this._next = value;
+  }
+};
+var LinearBase = class _LinearBase extends IterableElementBase {
+  static {
+    __name(this, "LinearBase");
+  }
+  /**
+   * Construct a linear container with runtime options.
+   * @param options - `{ maxLen?, ... }` bounds/behavior options.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   */
+  constructor(options) {
+    super(options);
+    if (options) {
+      const { maxLen } = options;
+      if (typeof maxLen === "number" && maxLen > 0 && maxLen % 1 === 0) this._maxLen = maxLen;
+    }
+  }
+  _maxLen = -1;
+  /**
+   * Upper bound for length (if positive), or `-1` when unbounded.
+   * @returns Maximum allowed length.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   */
+  get maxLen() {
+    return this._maxLen;
+  }
+  /**
+   * First index of a value from the left.
+   * @param searchElement - Value to match.
+   * @param fromIndex - Start position (supports negative index).
+   * @returns Index or `-1` if not found.
+   * @remarks Time O(n), Space O(1)
+   */
+  indexOf(searchElement, fromIndex = 0) {
+    if (this.length === 0) return -1;
+    if (fromIndex < 0) fromIndex = this.length + fromIndex;
+    if (fromIndex < 0) fromIndex = 0;
+    for (let i = fromIndex; i < this.length; i++) {
+      const element = this.at(i);
+      if (element === searchElement) return i;
+    }
+    return -1;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Last index of a value from the right.
+   * @param searchElement - Value to match.
+   * @param fromIndex - Start position (supports negative index).
+   * @returns Index or `-1` if not found.
+   * @remarks Time O(n), Space O(1)
+   */
+  lastIndexOf(searchElement, fromIndex = this.length - 1) {
+    if (this.length === 0) return -1;
+    if (fromIndex >= this.length) fromIndex = this.length - 1;
+    if (fromIndex < 0) fromIndex = this.length + fromIndex;
+    for (let i = fromIndex; i >= 0; i--) {
+      const element = this.at(i);
+      if (element === searchElement) return i;
+    }
+    return -1;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Find the first index matching a predicate.
+   * @param predicate - `(element, index, self) => boolean`.
+   * @param thisArg - Optional `this` for callback.
+   * @returns Index or `-1`.
+   * @remarks Time O(n), Space O(1)
+   */
+  findIndex(predicate, thisArg) {
+    for (let i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {
+      const item = this.at(i);
+      if (item !== void 0 && predicate.call(thisArg, item, i, this)) return i;
+    }
+    return -1;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Concatenate elements and/or containers.
+   * @param items - Elements or other containers.
+   * @returns New container with combined elements (`this` type).
+   * @remarks Time O(sum(length)), Space O(sum(length))
+   */
+  concat(...items) {
+    const newList = this.clone();
+    for (const item of items) {
+      if (item instanceof _LinearBase) {
+        newList.pushMany(item);
+      } else {
+        newList.push(item);
+      }
+    }
+    return newList;
+  }
+  /**
+   * In-place stable order via array sort semantics.
+   * @param compareFn - Comparator `(a, b) => number`.
+   * @returns This container.
+   * @remarks Time O(n log n), Space O(n) (materializes to array temporarily)
+   */
+  sort(compareFn) {
+    const arr = this.toArray();
+    arr.sort(compareFn);
+    this.clear();
+    for (const item of arr) this.push(item);
+    return this;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Remove and/or insert elements at a position (array-compatible).
+   * @param start - Start index (supports negative index).
+   * @param deleteCount - How many to remove.
+   * @param items - Elements to insert.
+   * @returns Removed elements as a new list (`this` type).
+   * @remarks Time O(n + m), Space O(min(n, m)) where `m = items.length`
+   */
+  splice(start, deleteCount = 0, ...items) {
+    const removedList = this._createInstance();
+    start = start < 0 ? this.length + start : start;
+    start = Math.max(0, Math.min(start, this.length));
+    deleteCount = Math.max(0, Math.min(deleteCount, this.length - start));
+    for (let i = 0; i < deleteCount; i++) {
+      const removed = this.deleteAt(start);
+      if (removed !== void 0) {
+        removedList.push(removed);
+      }
+    }
+    for (let i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
+      this.addAt(start + i, items[i]);
+    }
+    return removedList;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Join all elements into a string.
+   * @param separator - Separator string.
+   * @returns Concatenated string.
+   * @remarks Time O(n), Space O(n)
+   */
+  join(separator = ",") {
+    return this.toArray().join(separator);
+  }
+  /**
+   * Snapshot elements into a reversed array.
+   * @returns New reversed array.
+   * @remarks Time O(n), Space O(n)
+   */
+  toReversedArray() {
+    const array = [];
+    for (let i = this.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+      array.push(this.at(i));
+    }
+    return array;
+  }
+  reduceRight(callbackfn, initialValue) {
+    let accumulator = initialValue ?? 0;
+    for (let i = this.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+      accumulator = callbackfn(accumulator, this.at(i), i, this);
+    }
+    return accumulator;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Create a shallow copy of a subrange.
+   * @param start - Inclusive start (supports negative index).
+   * @param end - Exclusive end (supports negative index).
+   * @returns New list with the range (`this` type).
+   * @remarks Time O(n), Space O(n)
+   */
+  slice(start = 0, end = this.length) {
+    start = start < 0 ? this.length + start : start;
+    end = end < 0 ? this.length + end : end;
+    const newList = this._createInstance();
+    for (let i = start; i < end; i++) {
+      newList.push(this.at(i));
+    }
+    return newList;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Fill a range with a value.
+   * @param value - Value to set.
+   * @param start - Inclusive start.
+   * @param end - Exclusive end.
+   * @returns This list.
+   * @remarks Time O(n), Space O(1)
+   */
+  fill(value, start = 0, end = this.length) {
+    start = start < 0 ? this.length + start : start;
+    end = end < 0 ? this.length + end : end;
+    if (start < 0) start = 0;
+    if (end > this.length) end = this.length;
+    if (start >= end) return this;
+    for (let i = start; i < end; i++) {
+      this.setAt(i, value);
+    }
+    return this;
+  }
+};
+var LinearLinkedBase = class extends LinearBase {
+  static {
+    __name(this, "LinearLinkedBase");
+  }
+  constructor(options) {
+    super(options);
+    if (options) {
+      const { maxLen } = options;
+      if (typeof maxLen === "number" && maxLen > 0 && maxLen % 1 === 0) this._maxLen = maxLen;
+    }
+  }
+  /**
+   * Linked-list optimized `indexOf` (forwards scan).
+   * @param searchElement - Value to match.
+   * @param fromIndex - Start position.
+   * @returns Index or `-1`.
+   * @remarks Time O(n), Space O(1)
+   */
+  indexOf(searchElement, fromIndex = 0) {
+    const iterator = this._getIterator();
+    let current = iterator.next();
+    let index = 0;
+    while (index < fromIndex) {
+      current = iterator.next();
+      index++;
+    }
+    while (!current.done) {
+      if (current.value === searchElement) return index;
+      current = iterator.next();
+      index++;
+    }
+    return -1;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Linked-list optimized `lastIndexOf` (reverse scan).
+   * @param searchElement - Value to match.
+   * @param fromIndex - Start position.
+   * @returns Index or `-1`.
+   * @remarks Time O(n), Space O(1)
+   */
+  lastIndexOf(searchElement, fromIndex = this.length - 1) {
+    const iterator = this._getReverseIterator();
+    let current = iterator.next();
+    let index = this.length - 1;
+    while (index > fromIndex) {
+      current = iterator.next();
+      index--;
+    }
+    while (!current.done) {
+      if (current.value === searchElement) return index;
+      current = iterator.next();
+      index--;
+    }
+    return -1;
+  }
+  concat(...items) {
+    const newList = this.clone();
+    for (const item of items) {
+      if (item instanceof LinearBase) {
+        newList.pushMany(item);
+      } else {
+        newList.push(item);
+      }
+    }
+    return newList;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Slice via forward iteration (no random access required).
+   * @param start - Inclusive start (supports negative index).
+   * @param end - Exclusive end (supports negative index).
+   * @returns New list (`this` type).
+   * @remarks Time O(n), Space O(n)
+   */
+  slice(start = 0, end = this.length) {
+    start = start < 0 ? this.length + start : start;
+    end = end < 0 ? this.length + end : end;
+    const newList = this._createInstance();
+    const iterator = this._getIterator();
+    let current = iterator.next();
+    let c = 0;
+    while (c < start) {
+      current = iterator.next();
+      c++;
+    }
+    for (let i = start; i < end; i++) {
+      newList.push(current.value);
+      current = iterator.next();
+    }
+    return newList;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Splice by walking node iterators from the start index.
+   * @param start - Start index.
+   * @param deleteCount - How many elements to remove.
+   * @param items - Elements to insert after the splice point.
+   * @returns Removed elements as a new list (`this` type).
+   * @remarks Time O(n + m), Space O(min(n, m)) where `m = items.length`
+   */
+  splice(start, deleteCount = 0, ...items) {
+    const removedList = this._createInstance();
+    start = start < 0 ? this.length + start : start;
+    start = Math.max(0, Math.min(start, this.length));
+    deleteCount = Math.max(0, deleteCount);
+    let currentIndex = 0;
+    let currentNode = void 0;
+    let previousNode = void 0;
+    const iterator = this._getNodeIterator();
+    for (const node of iterator) {
+      if (currentIndex === start) {
+        currentNode = node;
+        break;
+      }
+      previousNode = node;
+      currentIndex++;
+    }
+    for (let i = 0; i < deleteCount && currentNode; i++) {
+      removedList.push(currentNode.value);
+      const nextNode = currentNode.next;
+      this.delete(currentNode);
+      currentNode = nextNode;
+    }
+    for (let i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
+      if (previousNode) {
+        this.addAfter(previousNode, items[i]);
+        previousNode = previousNode.next;
+      } else {
+        this.addAt(0, items[i]);
+        previousNode = this._getNodeIterator().next().value;
+      }
+    }
+    return removedList;
+  }
+  reduceRight(callbackfn, initialValue) {
+    let accumulator = initialValue ?? 0;
+    let index = this.length - 1;
+    for (const item of this._getReverseIterator()) {
+      accumulator = callbackfn(accumulator, item, index--, this);
+    }
+    return accumulator;
+  }
+};
+
+// src/data-structures/linked-list/doubly-linked-list.ts
+var DoublyLinkedListNode = class extends LinkedListNode {
+  static {
+    __name(this, "DoublyLinkedListNode");
+  }
+  /**
+   * Create a node.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   * @param value - Element value to store.
+   * @returns New node instance.
+   */
+  constructor(value) {
+    super(value);
+    this._value = value;
+    this._next = void 0;
+    this._prev = void 0;
+  }
+  _next;
+  /**
+   * Get the next node link.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   * @returns Next node or undefined.
+   */
+  get next() {
+    return this._next;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Set the next node link.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   * @param value - Next node or undefined.
+   * @returns void
+   */
+  set next(value) {
+    this._next = value;
+  }
+  _prev;
+  /**
+   * Get the previous node link.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   * @returns Previous node or undefined.
+   */
+  get prev() {
+    return this._prev;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Set the previous node link.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   * @param value - Previous node or undefined.
+   * @returns void
+   */
+  set prev(value) {
+    this._prev = value;
+  }
+};
+var DoublyLinkedList = class extends LinearLinkedBase {
+  static {
+    __name(this, "DoublyLinkedList");
+  }
+  _equals = Object.is;
+  /**
+   * Create a DoublyLinkedList and optionally bulk-insert elements.
+   * @remarks Time O(N), Space O(N)
+   * @param [elements] - Iterable of elements or nodes (or raw records if toElementFn is provided).
+   * @param [options] - Options such as maxLen and toElementFn.
+   * @returns New DoublyLinkedList instance.
+   */
+  constructor(elements = [], options) {
+    super(options);
+    this._head = void 0;
+    this._tail = void 0;
+    this._length = 0;
+    if (options?.maxLen && Number.isInteger(options.maxLen) && options.maxLen > 0) {
+      this._maxLen = options.maxLen;
+    }
+    this.pushMany(elements);
+  }
+  _head;
+  /**
+   * Get the head node.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   * @returns Head node or undefined.
+   */
+  get head() {
+    return this._head;
+  }
+  _tail;
+  /**
+   * Get the tail node.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   * @returns Tail node or undefined.
+   */
+  get tail() {
+    return this._tail;
+  }
+  _length = 0;
+  /**
+   * Get the number of elements.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   * @returns Current length.
+   */
+  get length() {
+    return this._length;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Get the first element value.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   * @returns First element or undefined.
+   */
+  get first() {
+    return this.head?.value;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Get the last element value.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   * @returns Last element or undefined.
+   */
+  get last() {
+    return this.tail?.value;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Create a new list from an array of elements.
+   * @remarks Time O(N), Space O(N)
+   * @template E
+   * @template R
+   * @param this - The constructor (subclass) to instantiate.
+   * @param data - Array of elements to insert.
+   * @returns A new list populated with the array's elements.
+   */
+  static fromArray(data) {
+    return new this(data);
+  }
+  /**
+   * Type guard: check whether the input is a DoublyLinkedListNode.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   * @param elementNodeOrPredicate - Element, node, or predicate.
+   * @returns True if the value is a DoublyLinkedListNode.
+   */
+  isNode(elementNodeOrPredicate) {
+    return elementNodeOrPredicate instanceof DoublyLinkedListNode;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Append an element/node to the tail.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   * @param elementOrNode - Element or node to append.
+   * @returns True when appended.
+   */
+  push(elementOrNode) {
+    const newNode = this._ensureNode(elementOrNode);
+    if (!this.head) {
+      this._head = newNode;
+      this._tail = newNode;
+    } else {
+      newNode.prev = this.tail;
+      this.tail.next = newNode;
+      this._tail = newNode;
+    }
+    this._length++;
+    if (this._maxLen > 0 && this.length > this._maxLen) this.shift();
+    return true;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Remove and return the tail element.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   * @returns Removed element or undefined.
+   */
+  pop() {
+    if (!this.tail) return void 0;
+    const removed = this.tail;
+    if (this.head === this.tail) {
+      this._head = void 0;
+      this._tail = void 0;
+    } else {
+      this._tail = removed.prev;
+      this.tail.next = void 0;
+    }
+    this._length--;
+    return removed.value;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Remove and return the head element.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   * @returns Removed element or undefined.
+   */
+  shift() {
+    if (!this.head) return void 0;
+    const removed = this.head;
+    if (this.head === this.tail) {
+      this._head = void 0;
+      this._tail = void 0;
+    } else {
+      this._head = removed.next;
+      this.head.prev = void 0;
+    }
+    this._length--;
+    return removed.value;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Prepend an element/node to the head.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   * @param elementOrNode - Element or node to prepend.
+   * @returns True when prepended.
+   */
+  unshift(elementOrNode) {
+    const newNode = this._ensureNode(elementOrNode);
+    if (!this.head) {
+      this._head = newNode;
+      this._tail = newNode;
+    } else {
+      newNode.next = this.head;
+      this.head.prev = newNode;
+      this._head = newNode;
+    }
+    this._length++;
+    if (this._maxLen > 0 && this._length > this._maxLen) this.pop();
+    return true;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Append a sequence of elements/nodes.
+   * @remarks Time O(N), Space O(1)
+   * @param elements - Iterable of elements or nodes (or raw records if toElementFn is provided).
+   * @returns Array of per-element success flags.
+   */
+  pushMany(elements) {
+    const ans = [];
+    for (const el of elements) {
+      if (this.toElementFn) ans.push(this.push(this.toElementFn(el)));
+      else ans.push(this.push(el));
+    }
+    return ans;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Prepend a sequence of elements/nodes.
+   * @remarks Time O(N), Space O(1)
+   * @param elements - Iterable of elements or nodes (or raw records if toElementFn is provided).
+   * @returns Array of per-element success flags.
+   */
+  unshiftMany(elements) {
+    const ans = [];
+    for (const el of elements) {
+      if (this.toElementFn) ans.push(this.unshift(this.toElementFn(el)));
+      else ans.push(this.unshift(el));
+    }
+    return ans;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Get the element at a given index.
+   * @remarks Time O(N), Space O(1)
+   * @param index - Zero-based index.
+   * @returns Element or undefined.
+   */
+  at(index) {
+    if (index < 0 || index >= this._length) return void 0;
+    let current = this.head;
+    for (let i = 0; i < index; i++) current = current.next;
+    return current.value;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Get the node reference at a given index.
+   * @remarks Time O(N), Space O(1)
+   * @param index - Zero-based index.
+   * @returns Node or undefined.
+   */
+  getNodeAt(index) {
+    if (index < 0 || index >= this._length) return void 0;
+    let current = this.head;
+    for (let i = 0; i < index; i++) current = current.next;
+    return current;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Find a node by value, reference, or predicate.
+   * @remarks Time O(N), Space O(1)
+   * @param [elementNodeOrPredicate] - Element, node, or predicate to match.
+   * @returns Matching node or undefined.
+   */
+  getNode(elementNodeOrPredicate) {
+    if (elementNodeOrPredicate === void 0) return;
+    if (this.isNode(elementNodeOrPredicate)) {
+      const target = elementNodeOrPredicate;
+      let cur = this.head;
+      while (cur) {
+        if (cur === target) return target;
+        cur = cur.next;
+      }
+      const isMatch = /* @__PURE__ */ __name((node) => this._equals(node.value, target.value), "isMatch");
+      cur = this.head;
+      while (cur) {
+        if (isMatch(cur)) return cur;
+        cur = cur.next;
+      }
+      return void 0;
+    }
+    const predicate = this._ensurePredicate(elementNodeOrPredicate);
+    let current = this.head;
+    while (current) {
+      if (predicate(current)) return current;
+      current = current.next;
+    }
+    return void 0;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Insert a new element/node at an index, shifting following nodes.
+   * @remarks Time O(N), Space O(1)
+   * @param index - Zero-based index.
+   * @param newElementOrNode - Element or node to insert.
+   * @returns True if inserted.
+   */
+  addAt(index, newElementOrNode) {
+    if (index < 0 || index > this._length) return false;
+    if (index === 0) return this.unshift(newElementOrNode);
+    if (index === this._length) return this.push(newElementOrNode);
+    const newNode = this._ensureNode(newElementOrNode);
+    const prevNode = this.getNodeAt(index - 1);
+    const nextNode = prevNode.next;
+    newNode.prev = prevNode;
+    newNode.next = nextNode;
+    prevNode.next = newNode;
+    nextNode.prev = newNode;
+    this._length++;
+    return true;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Insert a new element/node before an existing one.
+   * @remarks Time O(N), Space O(1)
+   * @param existingElementOrNode - Existing element or node.
+   * @param newElementOrNode - Element or node to insert.
+   * @returns True if inserted.
+   */
+  addBefore(existingElementOrNode, newElementOrNode) {
+    const existingNode = this.isNode(existingElementOrNode) ? existingElementOrNode : this.getNode(existingElementOrNode);
+    if (!existingNode) return false;
+    const newNode = this._ensureNode(newElementOrNode);
+    newNode.prev = existingNode.prev;
+    if (existingNode.prev) existingNode.prev.next = newNode;
+    newNode.next = existingNode;
+    existingNode.prev = newNode;
+    if (existingNode === this.head) this._head = newNode;
+    this._length++;
+    return true;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Insert a new element/node after an existing one.
+   * @remarks Time O(N), Space O(1)
+   * @param existingElementOrNode - Existing element or node.
+   * @param newElementOrNode - Element or node to insert.
+   * @returns True if inserted.
+   */
+  addAfter(existingElementOrNode, newElementOrNode) {
+    const existingNode = this.isNode(existingElementOrNode) ? existingElementOrNode : this.getNode(existingElementOrNode);
+    if (!existingNode) return false;
+    const newNode = this._ensureNode(newElementOrNode);
+    newNode.next = existingNode.next;
+    if (existingNode.next) existingNode.next.prev = newNode;
+    newNode.prev = existingNode;
+    existingNode.next = newNode;
+    if (existingNode === this.tail) this._tail = newNode;
+    this._length++;
+    return true;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Set the element value at an index.
+   * @remarks Time O(N), Space O(1)
+   * @param index - Zero-based index.
+   * @param value - New value.
+   * @returns True if updated.
+   */
+  setAt(index, value) {
+    const node = this.getNodeAt(index);
+    if (!node) return false;
+    node.value = value;
+    return true;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Delete the element at an index.
+   * @remarks Time O(N), Space O(1)
+   * @param index - Zero-based index.
+   * @returns Removed element or undefined.
+   */
+  deleteAt(index) {
+    if (index < 0 || index >= this._length) return;
+    if (index === 0) return this.shift();
+    if (index === this._length - 1) return this.pop();
+    const removedNode = this.getNodeAt(index);
+    const prevNode = removedNode.prev;
+    const nextNode = removedNode.next;
+    prevNode.next = nextNode;
+    nextNode.prev = prevNode;
+    this._length--;
+    return removedNode.value;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Delete the first match by value/node.
+   * @remarks Time O(N), Space O(1)
+   * @param [elementOrNode] - Element or node to remove.
+   * @returns True if removed.
+   */
+  delete(elementOrNode) {
+    const node = this.getNode(elementOrNode);
+    if (!node) return false;
+    if (node === this.head) this.shift();
+    else if (node === this.tail) this.pop();
+    else {
+      const prevNode = node.prev;
+      const nextNode = node.next;
+      prevNode.next = nextNode;
+      nextNode.prev = prevNode;
+      this._length--;
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Check whether the list is empty.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   * @returns True if length is 0.
+   */
+  isEmpty() {
+    return this._length === 0;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Remove all nodes and reset length.
+   * @remarks Time O(N), Space O(1)
+   * @returns void
+   */
+  clear() {
+    this._head = void 0;
+    this._tail = void 0;
+    this._length = 0;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Find the first value matching a predicate scanning forward.
+   * @remarks Time O(N), Space O(1)
+   * @param elementNodeOrPredicate - Element, node, or predicate to match.
+   * @returns Matched value or undefined.
+   */
+  search(elementNodeOrPredicate) {
+    const predicate = this._ensurePredicate(elementNodeOrPredicate);
+    let current = this.head;
+    while (current) {
+      if (predicate(current)) return current.value;
+      current = current.next;
+    }
+    return void 0;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Find the first value matching a predicate scanning backward.
+   * @remarks Time O(N), Space O(1)
+   * @param elementNodeOrPredicate - Element, node, or predicate to match.
+   * @returns Matched value or undefined.
+   */
+  getBackward(elementNodeOrPredicate) {
+    const predicate = this._ensurePredicate(elementNodeOrPredicate);
+    let current = this.tail;
+    while (current) {
+      if (predicate(current)) return current.value;
+      current = current.prev;
+    }
+    return void 0;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Reverse the list in place.
+   * @remarks Time O(N), Space O(1)
+   * @returns This list.
+   */
+  reverse() {
+    let current = this.head;
+    [this._head, this._tail] = [this.tail, this.head];
+    while (current) {
+      const next = current.next;
+      [current.prev, current.next] = [current.next, current.prev];
+      current = next;
+    }
+    return this;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Set the equality comparator used to compare values.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   * @param equals - Equality predicate (a, b) → boolean.
+   * @returns This list.
+   */
+  setEquality(equals) {
+    this._equals = equals;
+    return this;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Deep clone this list (values are copied by reference).
+   * @remarks Time O(N), Space O(N)
+   * @returns A new list with the same element sequence.
+   */
+  clone() {
+    const out = this._createInstance({ toElementFn: this._toElementFn, maxLen: this._maxLen });
+    for (const v of this) out.push(v);
+    return out;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Filter values into a new list of the same class.
+   * @remarks Time O(N), Space O(N)
+   * @param callback - Predicate (value, index, list) → boolean to keep value.
+   * @param [thisArg] - Value for `this` inside the callback.
+   * @returns A new list with kept values.
+   */
+  filter(callback, thisArg) {
+    const out = this._createInstance({ toElementFn: this._toElementFn, maxLen: this._maxLen });
+    let index = 0;
+    for (const v of this) if (callback.call(thisArg, v, index++, this)) out.push(v);
+    return out;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Map values into a new list of the same class.
+   * @remarks Time O(N), Space O(N)
+   * @param callback - Mapping function (value, index, list) → newValue.
+   * @param [thisArg] - Value for `this` inside the callback.
+   * @returns A new list with mapped values.
+   */
+  mapSame(callback, thisArg) {
+    const out = this._createInstance({ toElementFn: this._toElementFn, maxLen: this._maxLen });
+    let index = 0;
+    for (const v of this) {
+      const mv = thisArg === void 0 ? callback(v, index++, this) : callback.call(thisArg, v, index++, this);
+      out.push(mv);
+    }
+    return out;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Map values into a new list (possibly different element type).
+   * @remarks Time O(N), Space O(N)
+   * @template EM
+   * @template RM
+   * @param callback - Mapping function (value, index, list) → newElement.
+   * @param [options] - Options for the output list (e.g., maxLen, toElementFn).
+   * @param [thisArg] - Value for `this` inside the callback.
+   * @returns A new DoublyLinkedList with mapped values.
+   */
+  map(callback, options, thisArg) {
+    const out = this._createLike([], { ...options ?? {}, maxLen: this._maxLen });
+    let index = 0;
+    for (const v of this) out.push(callback.call(thisArg, v, index++, this));
+    return out;
+  }
+  /**
+   * (Protected) Create or return a node for the given input (node or raw element).
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   * @param elementOrNode - Element value or node to normalize.
+   * @returns A DoublyLinkedListNode for the provided input.
+   */
+  _ensureNode(elementOrNode) {
+    if (this.isNode(elementOrNode)) return elementOrNode;
+    return new DoublyLinkedListNode(elementOrNode);
+  }
+  /**
+   * (Protected) Normalize input into a predicate over nodes.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   * @param elementNodeOrPredicate - Element, node, or node predicate.
+   * @returns A predicate function taking a node and returning true/false.
+   */
+  _ensurePredicate(elementNodeOrPredicate) {
+    if (this.isNode(elementNodeOrPredicate)) {
+      const target = elementNodeOrPredicate;
+      return (node) => node === target;
+    }
+    if (typeof elementNodeOrPredicate === "function") {
+      return elementNodeOrPredicate;
+    }
+    const value = elementNodeOrPredicate;
+    return (node) => this._equals(node.value, value);
+  }
+  /**
+   * (Protected) Get the previous node of a given node.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   * @param node - A node in the list.
+   * @returns Previous node or undefined.
+   */
+  _getPrevNode(node) {
+    return node.prev;
+  }
+  /**
+   * (Protected) Create an empty instance of the same concrete class.
+   * @remarks Time O(1), Space O(1)
+   * @param [options] - Options forwarded to the constructor.
+   * @returns An empty like-kind list instance.
+   */
+  _createInstance(options) {
+    const Ctor = this.constructor;
+    return new Ctor([], options);
+  }
+  /**
+   * (Protected) Create a like-kind instance and seed it from an iterable.
+   * @remarks Time O(N), Space O(N)
+   * @template EM
+   * @template RM
+   * @param [elements] - Iterable used to seed the new list.
+   * @param [options] - Options forwarded to the constructor.
+   * @returns A like-kind DoublyLinkedList instance.
+   */
+  _createLike(elements = [], options) {
+    const Ctor = this.constructor;
+    return new Ctor(elements, options);
+  }
+  *_getIterator() {
+    let current = this.head;
+    while (current) {
+      yield current.value;
+      current = current.next;
+    }
+  }
+  *_getReverseIterator() {
+    let current = this.tail;
+    while (current) {
+      yield current.value;
+      current = current.prev;
+    }
+  }
+  *_getNodeIterator() {
+    let current = this.head;
+    while (current) {
+      yield current;
+      current = current.next;
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+// src/utils/utils.ts
+function isPrimitiveComparable(value) {
+  const valueType = typeof value;
+  if (valueType === "number") return true;
+  return valueType === "bigint" || valueType === "string" || valueType === "boolean";
+}
+__name(isPrimitiveComparable, "isPrimitiveComparable");
+function tryObjectToPrimitive(obj) {
+  if (typeof obj.valueOf === "function") {
+    const valueOfResult = obj.valueOf();
+    if (valueOfResult !== obj) {
+      if (isPrimitiveComparable(valueOfResult)) return valueOfResult;
+      if (typeof valueOfResult === "object" && valueOfResult !== null) return tryObjectToPrimitive(valueOfResult);
+    }
+  }
+  if (typeof obj.toString === "function") {
+    const stringResult = obj.toString();
+    if (stringResult !== "[object Object]") return stringResult;
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+__name(tryObjectToPrimitive, "tryObjectToPrimitive");
+function isComparable(value, isForceObjectComparable = false) {
+  if (value === null || value === void 0) return false;
+  if (isPrimitiveComparable(value)) return true;
+  if (typeof value !== "object") return false;
+  if (value instanceof Date) return true;
+  if (isForceObjectComparable) return true;
+  const comparableValue = tryObjectToPrimitive(value);
+  if (comparableValue === null || comparableValue === void 0) return false;
+  return isPrimitiveComparable(comparableValue);
+}
+__name(isComparable, "isComparable");
+
+// src/common/index.ts
+var DFSOperation = /* @__PURE__ */ ((DFSOperation2) => {
+  DFSOperation2[DFSOperation2["VISIT"] = 0] = "VISIT";
+  DFSOperation2[DFSOperation2["PROCESS"] = 1] = "PROCESS";
+  return DFSOperation2;
+})(DFSOperation || {});
+var Range = class {
+  constructor(low, high, includeLow = true, includeHigh = true) {
+    this.low = low;
+    this.high = high;
+    this.includeLow = includeLow;
+    this.includeHigh = includeHigh;
+    if (!(isComparable(low) && isComparable(high))) throw new RangeError("low or high is not comparable");
+    if (low > high) throw new RangeError("low must be less than or equal to high");
+  }
+  static {
+    __name(this, "Range");
+  }
+  // Determine whether a key is within the range
+  isInRange(key, comparator) {
+    const lowCheck = this.includeLow ? comparator(key, this.low) >= 0 : comparator(key, this.low) > 0;
+    const highCheck = this.includeHigh ? comparator(key, this.high) <= 0 : comparator(key, this.high) < 0;
+    return lowCheck && highCheck;
+  }
+};
+/**
+ * data-structure-typed
+ *
+ * @author Pablo Zeng
+ * @copyright Copyright (c) 2022 Pablo Zeng <zrwusa@gmail.com>
+ * @license MIT License
+ */
+
+export { DFSOperation, DoublyLinkedList, DoublyLinkedListNode, Range };
+//# sourceMappingURL=index.mjs.map
+//# sourceMappingURL=index.mjs.map