directed-graph-typed 1.49.3 → 1.49.5

package/src/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree.ts

@@ -18,7 +18,11 @@ import type {
 } from '../../types';
 import { IBinaryTree } from '../../interfaces';
 
-export class AVLTreeNode<K = any, V = any, N extends AVLTreeNode<K, V, N> = AVLTreeNodeNested<K, V>> extends BSTNode<K, V, N> {
+export class AVLTreeNode<K = any, V = any, N extends AVLTreeNode<K, V, N> = AVLTreeNodeNested<K, V>> extends BSTNode<
+  K,
+  V,
+  N
+> {
   height: number;
 
   constructor(key: K, value?: V) {
@@ -36,10 +40,14 @@ export class AVLTreeNode<K = any, V = any, N extends AVLTreeNode<K, V, N> = AVLT
  * 6. Complex Insertions and Deletions: Due to rebalancing, these operations are more complex than in a regular BST.
  * 7. Path Length: The path length from the root to any leaf is longer compared to an unbalanced BST, but shorter than a linear chain of nodes.
  */
-export class AVLTree<K = any, V = any, N extends AVLTreeNode<K, V, N> = AVLTreeNode<K, V, AVLTreeNodeNested<K, V>>, TREE extends AVLTree<K, V, N, TREE> = AVLTree<K, V, N, AVLTreeNested<K, V, N>>>
+export class AVLTree<
+  K = any,
+  V = any,
+  N extends AVLTreeNode<K, V, N> = AVLTreeNode<K, V, AVLTreeNodeNested<K, V>>,
+  TREE extends AVLTree<K, V, N, TREE> = AVLTree<K, V, N, AVLTreeNested<K, V, N>>
+>
   extends BST<K, V, N, TREE>
   implements IBinaryTree<K, V, N, TREE> {
-
   /**
    * The constructor function initializes an AVLTree object with optional elements and options.
    * @param [elements] - The `elements` parameter is an optional iterable of `BTNExemplar<K, V, N>`
@@ -77,7 +85,8 @@ export class AVLTree<K = any, V = any, N extends AVLTreeNode<K, V, N> = AVLTreeN
   override createTree(options?: AVLTreeOptions<K>): TREE {
     return new AVLTree<K, V, N, TREE>([], {
       iterationType: this.iterationType,
-      variant: this.variant, ...options
+      variant: this.variant,
+      ...options
     }) as TREE;
   }
 
@@ -97,7 +106,7 @@ export class AVLTree<K = any, V = any, N extends AVLTreeNode<K, V, N> = AVLTreeN
    * @returns a boolean value indicating whether the potentialKey is of type number or not.
    */
   override isNotNodeInstance(potentialKey: BTNKeyOrNode<K, N>): potentialKey is K {
-    return !(potentialKey instanceof AVLTreeNode)
+    return !(potentialKey instanceof AVLTreeNode);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -105,7 +114,6 @@ export class AVLTree<K = any, V = any, N extends AVLTreeNode<K, V, N> = AVLTreeN
    * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it doesn't use additional data structures that scale with input size.
    */
 
-
   /**
    * Time Complexity: O(log n) - logarithmic time, where "n" is the number of nodes in the tree. The add method of the superclass (BST) has logarithmic time complexity.
    * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it doesn't use additional data structures that scale with input size.
@@ -159,7 +167,6 @@ export class AVLTree<K = any, V = any, N extends AVLTreeNode<K, V, N> = AVLTreeN
     return deletedResults;
   }
 
-
   /**
    * The `_swapProperties` function swaps the key, value, and height properties between two nodes in a binary
    * tree.
@@ -489,6 +496,6 @@ export class AVLTree<K = any, V = any, N extends AVLTreeNode<K, V, N> = AVLTreeN
   protected _replaceNode(oldNode: N, newNode: N): N {
     newNode.height = oldNode.height;
 
-    return super._replaceNode(oldNode, newNode)
+    return super._replaceNode(oldNode, newNode);
   }
 }

package/src/data-structures/binary-tree/binary-tree.ts

@@ -24,14 +24,18 @@ import { FamilyPosition, IterationType } from '../../types';
 import { IBinaryTree } from '../../interfaces';
 import { trampoline } from '../../utils';
 import { Queue } from '../queue';
-import { IterableEntryBase } from "../base";
+import { IterableEntryBase } from '../base';
 
 /**
  * Represents a node in a binary tree.
  * @template V - The type of data stored in the node.
  * @template N - The type of the family relationship in the binary tree.
  */
-export class BinaryTreeNode<K = any, V = any, N extends BinaryTreeNode<K, V, N> = BinaryTreeNode<K, V, BinaryTreeNodeNested<K, V>>> {
+export class BinaryTreeNode<
+  K = any,
+  V = any,
+  N extends BinaryTreeNode<K, V, N> = BinaryTreeNode<K, V, BinaryTreeNodeNested<K, V>>
+> {
   key: K;
 
   value?: V;
@@ -97,10 +101,15 @@ export class BinaryTreeNode<K = any, V = any, N extends BinaryTreeNode<K, V, N>
  * 5. Leaf Nodes: Nodes without children are leaves.
  */
 
-export class BinaryTree<K = any, V = any, N extends BinaryTreeNode<K, V, N> = BinaryTreeNode<K, V, BinaryTreeNodeNested<K, V>>, TREE extends BinaryTree<K, V, N, TREE> = BinaryTree<K, V, N, BinaryTreeNested<K, V, N>>> extends IterableEntryBase<K, V | undefined>
-
+export class BinaryTree<
+  K = any,
+  V = any,
+  N extends BinaryTreeNode<K, V, N> = BinaryTreeNode<K, V, BinaryTreeNodeNested<K, V>>,
+  TREE extends BinaryTree<K, V, N, TREE> = BinaryTree<K, V, N, BinaryTreeNested<K, V, N>>
+>
+  extends IterableEntryBase<K, V | undefined>
   implements IBinaryTree<K, V, N, TREE> {
-  iterationType = IterationType.ITERATIVE
+  iterationType = IterationType.ITERATIVE;
 
   /**
    * The constructor function initializes a binary tree object with optional elements and options.
@@ -128,7 +137,7 @@ export class BinaryTree<K = any, V = any, N extends BinaryTreeNode<K, V, N> = Bi
     if (elements) this.addMany(elements);
   }
 
-  protected _extractor = (key: K) => Number(key)
+  protected _extractor = (key: K) => Number(key);
 
   get extractor() {
     return this._extractor;
@@ -287,7 +296,6 @@ export class BinaryTree<K = any, V = any, N extends BinaryTreeNode<K, V, N> = Bi
     return undefined; // If the insertion position cannot be found, return undefined
   }
 
-
   /**
    * Time Complexity: O(k log n) - O(k * n)
    * Space Complexity: O(1)
@@ -329,7 +337,6 @@ export class BinaryTree<K = any, V = any, N extends BinaryTreeNode<K, V, N> = Bi
     return inserted;
   }
 
-
   /**
    * Time Complexity: O(k * n)  "n" is the number of nodes in the tree, and "k" is the number of keys to be inserted.
    * Space Complexity: O(1)
@@ -985,10 +992,7 @@ export class BinaryTree<K = any, V = any, N extends BinaryTreeNode<K, V, N> = Bi
    * @returns The function `getLeftMost` returns the leftmost node (`N`) in the binary tree. If there
    * is no leftmost node, it returns `null` or `undefined` depending on the input.
    */
-  getLeftMost(
-    beginRoot: BTNKeyOrNode<K, N> = this.root,
-    iterationType = this.iterationType
-  ): N | null | undefined {
+  getLeftMost(beginRoot: BTNKeyOrNode<K, N> = this.root, iterationType = this.iterationType): N | null | undefined {
     beginRoot = this.ensureNode(beginRoot);
 
     if (!beginRoot) return beginRoot;
@@ -1031,10 +1035,7 @@ export class BinaryTree<K = any, V = any, N extends BinaryTreeNode<K, V, N> = Bi
    * @returns The function `getRightMost` returns the rightmost node (`N`) in a binary tree. If there
    * is no rightmost node, it returns `null` or `undefined`, depending on the input.
    */
-  getRightMost(
-    beginRoot: BTNKeyOrNode<K, N> = this.root,
-    iterationType = this.iterationType
-  ): N | null | undefined {
+  getRightMost(beginRoot: BTNKeyOrNode<K, N> = this.root, iterationType = this.iterationType): N | null | undefined {
     // TODO support get right most by passing key in
     beginRoot = this.ensureNode(beginRoot);
     if (!beginRoot) return beginRoot;
@@ -1262,7 +1263,7 @@ export class BinaryTree<K = any, V = any, N extends BinaryTreeNode<K, V, N> = Bi
    * @returns a boolean value indicating whether the potentialKey is of type number or not.
    */
   isNotNodeInstance(potentialKey: BTNKeyOrNode<K, N>): potentialKey is K {
-    return !(potentialKey instanceof BinaryTreeNode)
+    return !(potentialKey instanceof BinaryTreeNode);
   }
 
   dfs<C extends BTNCallback<N>>(
@@ -1637,7 +1638,6 @@ export class BinaryTree<K = any, V = any, N extends BinaryTreeNode<K, V, N> = Bi
    * after the given node in the inorder traversal of the binary tree.
    */
   getSuccessor(x?: K | N | null): N | null | undefined {
-
     x = this.ensureNode(x);
     if (!this.isRealNode(x)) return undefined;
 
@@ -1858,11 +1858,14 @@ export class BinaryTree<K = any, V = any, N extends BinaryTreeNode<K, V, N> = Bi
     beginRoot = this.ensureNode(beginRoot);
     if (!beginRoot) return;
 
-    if (opts.isShowUndefined) console.log(`U for undefined
+    if (opts.isShowUndefined)
+      console.log(`U for undefined
       `);
-    if (opts.isShowNull) console.log(`N for null
+    if (opts.isShowNull)
+      console.log(`N for null
       `);
-    if (opts.isShowRedBlackNIL) console.log(`S for Sentinel Node
+    if (opts.isShowRedBlackNIL)
+      console.log(`S for Sentinel Node
       `);
 
     const display = (root: N | null | undefined): void => {
@@ -1920,30 +1923,42 @@ export class BinaryTree<K = any, V = any, N extends BinaryTreeNode<K, V, N> = Bi
     } else if (node !== null && node !== undefined) {
       // Display logic of normal nodes
 
-      const key = node.key, line = isNaN(this.extractor(key)) ? 'S' : this.extractor(key).toString(),
+      const key = node.key,
+        line = isNaN(this.extractor(key)) ? 'S' : this.extractor(key).toString(),
         width = line.length;
 
-      return _buildNodeDisplay(line, width, this._displayAux(node.left, options), this._displayAux(node.right, options))
-
+      return _buildNodeDisplay(
+        line,
+        width,
+        this._displayAux(node.left, options),
+        this._displayAux(node.right, options)
+      );
     } else {
       // For cases where none of the conditions are met, null, undefined, and NaN nodes are not displayed
-      const line = node === undefined ? 'U' : 'N', width = line.length;
+      const line = node === undefined ? 'U' : 'N',
+        width = line.length;
 
-      return _buildNodeDisplay(line, width, [[''], 1, 0, 0], [[''], 1, 0, 0])
+      return _buildNodeDisplay(line, width, [[''], 1, 0, 0], [[''], 1, 0, 0]);
     }
 
     function _buildNodeDisplay(line: string, width: number, left: NodeDisplayLayout, right: NodeDisplayLayout) {
       const [leftLines, leftWidth, leftHeight, leftMiddle] = left;
       const [rightLines, rightWidth, rightHeight, rightMiddle] = right;
-      const firstLine = ' '.repeat(Math.max(0, leftMiddle + 1))
-        + '_'.repeat(Math.max(0, leftWidth - leftMiddle - 1))
-        + line
-        + '_'.repeat(Math.max(0, rightMiddle))
-        + ' '.repeat(Math.max(0, rightWidth - rightMiddle));
-
-      const secondLine = (leftHeight > 0 ? ' '.repeat(leftMiddle) + '/' + ' '.repeat(leftWidth - leftMiddle - 1) : ' '.repeat(leftWidth))
-        + ' '.repeat(width)
-        + (rightHeight > 0 ? ' '.repeat(rightMiddle) + '\\' + ' '.repeat(rightWidth - rightMiddle - 1) : ' '.repeat(rightWidth));
+      const firstLine =
+        ' '.repeat(Math.max(0, leftMiddle + 1)) +
+        '_'.repeat(Math.max(0, leftWidth - leftMiddle - 1)) +
+        line +
+        '_'.repeat(Math.max(0, rightMiddle)) +
+        ' '.repeat(Math.max(0, rightWidth - rightMiddle));
+
+      const secondLine =
+        (leftHeight > 0
+          ? ' '.repeat(leftMiddle) + '/' + ' '.repeat(leftWidth - leftMiddle - 1)
+          : ' '.repeat(leftWidth)) +
+        ' '.repeat(width) +
+        (rightHeight > 0
+          ? ' '.repeat(rightMiddle) + '\\' + ' '.repeat(rightWidth - rightMiddle - 1)
+          : ' '.repeat(rightWidth));
 
       const mergedLines = [firstLine, secondLine];
 
@@ -1953,11 +1968,16 @@ export class BinaryTree<K = any, V = any, N extends BinaryTreeNode<K, V, N> = Bi
         mergedLines.push(leftLine + ' '.repeat(width) + rightLine);
       }
 
-      return <NodeDisplayLayout>[mergedLines, leftWidth + width + rightWidth, Math.max(leftHeight, rightHeight) + 2, leftWidth + Math.floor(width / 2)];
+      return <NodeDisplayLayout>[
+        mergedLines,
+        leftWidth + width + rightWidth,
+        Math.max(leftHeight, rightHeight) + 2,
+        leftWidth + Math.floor(width / 2)
+      ];
     }
   }
 
-  protected _defaultOneParamCallback = (node: N) => node.key;
+  protected _defaultOneParamCallback = (node: N | null | undefined) => (node ? node.key : undefined);
 
   /**
    * Swap the data of two nodes in the binary tree.
@@ -2012,43 +2032,6 @@ export class BinaryTree<K = any, V = any, N extends BinaryTreeNode<K, V, N> = Bi
     return newNode;
   }
 
-  /**
-   * The function `_addTo` adds a new node to a binary tree if there is an available position.
-   * @param {N | null | undefined} newNode - The `newNode` parameter represents the node that you want to add to
-   * the binary tree. It can be either a node object or `null`.
-   * @param {N} parent - The `parent` parameter represents the parent node to which the new node will
-   * be added as a child.
-   * @returns either the left or right child node of the parent node, depending on which child is
-   * available for adding the new node. If a new node is added, the function also updates the size of
-   * the binary tree. If neither the left nor right child is available, the function returns undefined.
-   * If the parent node is null, the function also returns undefined.
-   */
-  protected _addTo(newNode: N | null | undefined, parent: BTNKeyOrNode<K, N>): N | null | undefined {
-    if (this.isNotNodeInstance(parent)) parent = this.getNode(parent);
-
-    if (parent) {
-      // When all leaf nodes are null, it will no longer be possible to add new entity nodes to this binary tree.
-      // In this scenario, null nodes serve as "sentinel nodes," "virtual nodes," or "placeholder nodes."
-      if (parent.left === undefined) {
-        parent.left = newNode;
-        if (newNode) {
-          this._size = this.size + 1;
-        }
-        return parent.left;
-      } else if (parent.right === undefined) {
-        parent.right = newNode;
-        if (newNode) {
-          this._size = this.size + 1;
-        }
-        return parent.right;
-      } else {
-        return;
-      }
-    } else {
-      return;
-    }
-  }
-
   /**
    * The function sets the root property of an object to a given value, and if the value is not null,
    * it also sets the parent property of the value to undefined.

package/src/data-structures/binary-tree/bst.ts

@@ -20,7 +20,11 @@ import { BinaryTree, BinaryTreeNode } from './binary-tree';
 import { IBinaryTree } from '../../interfaces';
 import { Queue } from '../queue';
 
-export class BSTNode<K = any, V = any, N extends BSTNode<K, V, N> = BSTNodeNested<K, V>> extends BinaryTreeNode<K, V, N> {
+export class BSTNode<K = any, V = any, N extends BSTNode<K, V, N> = BSTNodeNested<K, V>> extends BinaryTreeNode<
+  K,
+  V,
+  N
+> {
   override parent?: N;
 
   constructor(key: K, value?: V) {
@@ -80,11 +84,14 @@ export class BSTNode<K = any, V = any, N extends BSTNode<K, V, N> = BSTNodeNeste
  * 6. Balance Variability: Can become unbalanced; special types maintain balance.
  * 7. No Auto-Balancing: Standard BSTs don't automatically balance themselves.
  */
-export class BST<K = any, V = any, N extends BSTNode<K, V, N> = BSTNode<K, V, BSTNodeNested<K, V>>, TREE extends BST<K, V, N, TREE> = BST<K, V, N, BSTNested<K, V, N>>>
+export class BST<
+  K = any,
+  V = any,
+  N extends BSTNode<K, V, N> = BSTNode<K, V, BSTNodeNested<K, V>>,
+  TREE extends BST<K, V, N, TREE> = BST<K, V, N, BSTNested<K, V, N>>
+>
   extends BinaryTree<K, V, N, TREE>
   implements IBinaryTree<K, V, N, TREE> {
-
-
   /**
    * This is the constructor function for a binary search tree class in TypeScript, which initializes
    * the tree with optional elements and options.
@@ -114,7 +121,7 @@ export class BST<K = any, V = any, N extends BSTNode<K, V, N> = BSTNode<K, V, BS
     return this._root;
   }
 
-  protected _variant = BSTVariant.MIN
+  protected _variant = BSTVariant.MIN;
 
   get variant() {
     return this._variant;
@@ -142,7 +149,8 @@ export class BST<K = any, V = any, N extends BSTNode<K, V, N> = BSTNode<K, V, BS
   override createTree(options?: Partial<BSTOptions<K>>): TREE {
     return new BST<K, V, N, TREE>([], {
       iterationType: this.iterationType,
-      variant: this.variant, ...options
+      variant: this.variant,
+      ...options
     }) as TREE;
   }
 
@@ -155,7 +163,6 @@ export class BST<K = any, V = any, N extends BSTNode<K, V, N> = BSTNode<K, V, BS
     return exemplar instanceof BSTNode;
   }
 
-
   /**
    * The function `exemplarToNode` takes an exemplar and returns a node if the exemplar is valid,
    * otherwise it returns undefined.
@@ -301,7 +308,7 @@ export class BST<K = any, V = any, N extends BSTNode<K, V, N> = BSTNode<K, V, BS
     const isRealBTNExemplar = (kve: BTNExemplar<K, V, N>): kve is BTNodePureExemplar<K, V, N> => {
       if (kve === undefined || kve === null) return false;
       return !(this.isEntry(kve) && (kve[0] === undefined || kve[0] === null));
-    }
+    };
 
     for (const kve of keysOrNodesOrEntries) {
       isRealBTNExemplar(kve) && realBTNExemplars.push(kve);
@@ -359,7 +366,6 @@ export class BST<K = any, V = any, N extends BSTNode<K, V, N> = BSTNode<K, V, BS
     return inserted;
   }
 
-
   /**
    * Time Complexity: O(n log n) - Adding each element individually in a balanced tree.
    * Space Complexity: O(n) - Additional space is required for the sorted array.
@@ -398,7 +404,6 @@ export class BST<K = any, V = any, N extends BSTNode<K, V, N> = BSTNode<K, V, BS
     return current.key;
   }
 
-
   /**
    * Time Complexity: O(log n) - Average case for a balanced tree.
    * Space Complexity: O(1) - Constant space is used.
@@ -450,7 +455,7 @@ export class BST<K = any, V = any, N extends BSTNode<K, V, N> = BSTNode<K, V, BS
    * @returns a boolean value indicating whether the potentialKey is of type number or not.
    */
   override isNotNodeInstance(potentialKey: BTNKeyOrNode<K, N>): potentialKey is K {
-    return !(potentialKey instanceof BSTNode)
+    return !(potentialKey instanceof BSTNode);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -738,7 +743,6 @@ export class BST<K = any, V = any, N extends BSTNode<K, V, N> = BSTNode<K, V, BS
     return balanced;
   }
 
-
   protected _setRoot(v: N | undefined) {
     if (v) {
       v.parent = undefined;
@@ -761,5 +765,4 @@ export class BST<K = any, V = any, N extends BSTNode<K, V, N> = BSTNode<K, V, BS
 
     return compared > 0 ? CP.gt : compared < 0 ? CP.lt : CP.eq;
   }
-
 }

package/src/data-structures/binary-tree/rb-tree.ts

@@ -21,10 +21,11 @@ import {
 import { BST, BSTNode } from './bst';
 import { IBinaryTree } from '../../interfaces';
 
-export class RedBlackTreeNode<K = any, V = any, N extends RedBlackTreeNode<K, V, N> = RedBlackTreeNodeNested<K, V>> extends BSTNode<
-  K, V,
-  N
-> {
+export class RedBlackTreeNode<
+  K = any,
+  V = any,
+  N extends RedBlackTreeNode<K, V, N> = RedBlackTreeNodeNested<K, V>
+> extends BSTNode<K, V, N> {
   color: RBTNColor;
 
   constructor(key: K, value?: V, color: RBTNColor = RBTNColor.BLACK) {
@@ -40,7 +41,12 @@ export class RedBlackTreeNode<K = any, V = any, N extends RedBlackTreeNode<K, V,
  * 4. Red nodes must have black children.
  * 5. Black balance: Every path from any node to each of its leaf nodes contains the same number of black nodes.
  */
-export class RedBlackTree<K = any, V = any, N extends RedBlackTreeNode<K, V, N> = RedBlackTreeNode<K, V, RedBlackTreeNodeNested<K, V>>, TREE extends RedBlackTree<K, V, N, TREE> = RedBlackTree<K, V, N, RedBlackTreeNested<K, V, N>>>
+export class RedBlackTree<
+  K = any,
+  V = any,
+  N extends RedBlackTreeNode<K, V, N> = RedBlackTreeNode<K, V, RedBlackTreeNodeNested<K, V>>,
+  TREE extends RedBlackTree<K, V, N, TREE> = RedBlackTree<K, V, N, RedBlackTreeNested<K, V, N>>
+>
   extends BST<K, V, N, TREE>
   implements IBinaryTree<K, V, N, TREE> {
   Sentinel: N = new RedBlackTreeNode<K, V>(NaN as K) as unknown as N;
@@ -101,7 +107,8 @@ export class RedBlackTree<K = any, V = any, N extends RedBlackTreeNode<K, V, N>
   override createTree(options?: RBTreeOptions<K>): TREE {
     return new RedBlackTree<K, V, N, TREE>([], {
       iterationType: this.iterationType,
-      variant: this.variant, ...options
+      variant: this.variant,
+      ...options
     }) as TREE;
   }
 
@@ -122,7 +129,7 @@ export class RedBlackTree<K = any, V = any, N extends RedBlackTreeNode<K, V, N>
    * @returns a boolean value indicating whether the potentialKey is of type number or not.
    */
   override isNotNodeInstance(potentialKey: BTNKeyOrNode<K, N>): potentialKey is K {
-    return !(potentialKey instanceof RedBlackTreeNode)
+    return !(potentialKey instanceof RedBlackTreeNode);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -191,12 +198,11 @@ export class RedBlackTree<K = any, V = any, N extends RedBlackTreeNode<K, V, N>
           x = x?.right;
         } else {
           if (newNode !== x) {
-            this._replaceNode(x, newNode)
+            this._replaceNode(x, newNode);
           }
           return;
         }
       }
-
     }
 
     newNode.parent = y;
@@ -649,6 +655,6 @@ export class RedBlackTree<K = any, V = any, N extends RedBlackTreeNode<K, V, N>
   protected _replaceNode(oldNode: N, newNode: N): N {
     newNode.color = oldNode.color;
 
-    return super._replaceNode(oldNode, newNode)
+    return super._replaceNode(oldNode, newNode);
   }
 }

package/src/data-structures/binary-tree/tree-multimap.ts

@@ -45,11 +45,14 @@ export class TreeMultimapNode<
 /**
  * The only distinction between a TreeMultimap and a AVLTree lies in the ability of the former to store duplicate nodes through the utilization of counters.
  */
-export class TreeMultimap<K = any, V = any, N extends TreeMultimapNode<K, V, N> = TreeMultimapNode<K, V, TreeMultimapNodeNested<K, V>>,
-  TREE extends TreeMultimap<K, V, N, TREE> = TreeMultimap<K, V, N, TreeMultimapNested<K, V, N>>>
+export class TreeMultimap<
+  K = any,
+  V = any,
+  N extends TreeMultimapNode<K, V, N> = TreeMultimapNode<K, V, TreeMultimapNodeNested<K, V>>,
+  TREE extends TreeMultimap<K, V, N, TREE> = TreeMultimap<K, V, N, TreeMultimapNested<K, V, N>>
+>
   extends AVLTree<K, V, N, TREE>
   implements IBinaryTree<K, V, N, TREE> {
-
   constructor(elements?: Iterable<BTNExemplar<K, V, N>>, options?: Partial<TreeMultimapOptions<K>>) {
     super([], options);
     if (elements) this.addMany(elements);
@@ -60,7 +63,7 @@ export class TreeMultimap<K = any, V = any, N extends TreeMultimapNode<K, V, N>
   // TODO the _count is not accurate after nodes count modified
   get count(): number {
     let sum = 0;
-    this.subTreeTraverse(node => sum += node.count);
+    this.subTreeTraverse(node => (sum += node.count));
     return sum;
   }
 
@@ -80,7 +83,8 @@ export class TreeMultimap<K = any, V = any, N extends TreeMultimapNode<K, V, N>
   override createTree(options?: TreeMultimapOptions<K>): TREE {
     return new TreeMultimap<K, V, N, TREE>([], {
       iterationType: this.iterationType,
-      variant: this.variant, ...options
+      variant: this.variant,
+      ...options
     }) as TREE;
   }
 
@@ -101,7 +105,7 @@ export class TreeMultimap<K = any, V = any, N extends TreeMultimapNode<K, V, N>
    * @returns a boolean value indicating whether the potentialKey is of type number or not.
    */
   override isNotNodeInstance(potentialKey: BTNKeyOrNode<K, N>): potentialKey is K {
-    return !(potentialKey instanceof TreeMultimapNode)
+    return !(potentialKey instanceof TreeMultimapNode);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -357,47 +361,6 @@ export class TreeMultimap<K = any, V = any, N extends TreeMultimapNode<K, V, N>
     return cloned;
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Time Complexity: O(1) - constant time, as it performs basic pointer assignments.
-   * Space Complexity: O(1) - constant space, as it only uses a constant amount of memory.
-   *
-   * The function adds a new node to a binary tree, either as the left child or the right child of a
-   * given parent node.
-   * @param {N | undefined} newNode - The `newNode` parameter represents the node that needs to be
-   * added to the binary tree. It can be of type `N` (which represents a node in the binary tree) or
-   * `undefined` if there is no node to add.
-   * @param {K | N | undefined} parent - The `parent` parameter represents the parent node to
-   * which the new node will be added as a child. It can be either a node object (`N`) or a key value
-   * (`K`).
-   * @returns The method `_addTo` returns either the `parent.left` or `parent.right` node that was
-   * added, or `undefined` if no node was added.
-   */
-  protected override _addTo(newNode: N | undefined, parent: BSTNKeyOrNode<K, N>): N | undefined {
-    parent = this.ensureNode(parent);
-    if (parent) {
-      if (parent.left === undefined) {
-        parent.left = newNode;
-        if (newNode !== undefined) {
-          this._size = this.size + 1;
-          this._count += newNode.count;
-        }
-
-        return parent.left;
-      } else if (parent.right === undefined) {
-        parent.right = newNode;
-        if (newNode !== undefined) {
-          this._size = this.size + 1;
-          this._count += newNode.count;
-        }
-        return parent.right;
-      } else {
-        return;
-      }
-    } else {
-      return;
-    }
-  }
-
   /**
    * The `_swapProperties` function swaps the key, value, count, and height properties between two nodes.
    * @param {K | N | undefined} srcNode - The `srcNode` parameter represents the source node from
@@ -433,7 +396,7 @@ export class TreeMultimap<K = any, V = any, N extends TreeMultimapNode<K, V, N>
   }
 
   protected _replaceNode(oldNode: N, newNode: N): N {
-    newNode.count = oldNode.count + newNode.count
+    newNode.count = oldNode.count + newNode.count;
     return super._replaceNode(oldNode, newNode);
   }
 }

package/src/data-structures/graph/abstract-graph.ts

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  */
 import type { DijkstraResult, EntryCallback, VertexKey } from '../../types';
 import { uuidV4 } from '../../utils';
-import { IterableEntryBase } from "../base";
+import { IterableEntryBase } from '../base';
 import { IGraph } from '../../interfaces';
 import { Heap } from '../heap';
 import { Queue } from '../queue';
@@ -65,7 +65,9 @@ export abstract class AbstractGraph<
   E = any,
   VO extends AbstractVertex<V> = AbstractVertex<V>,
   EO extends AbstractEdge<E> = AbstractEdge<E>
-> extends IterableEntryBase<VertexKey, V | undefined> implements IGraph<V, E, VO, EO> {
+>
+  extends IterableEntryBase<VertexKey, V | undefined>
+  implements IGraph<V, E, VO, EO> {
   constructor() {
     super();
   }
@@ -165,7 +167,7 @@ export abstract class AbstractGraph<
 
   isVertexKey(potentialKey: any): potentialKey is VertexKey {
     const potentialKeyType = typeof potentialKey;
-    return potentialKeyType === "string" || potentialKeyType === "number"
+    return potentialKeyType === 'string' || potentialKeyType === 'number';
   }
 
   /**
@@ -173,19 +175,7 @@ export abstract class AbstractGraph<
    * Space Complexity: O(1) - Constant space, as it creates only a few variables.
    */
 
-  /**
-   * Time Complexity: O(1) - Constant time for Map operations.
-   * Space Complexity: O(1) - Constant space, as it creates only a few variables.
-   *
-   * The `deleteVertex` function removes a vertex from a graph by its ID or by the vertex object itself.
-   * @param {VO | VertexKey} vertexOrKey - The parameter `vertexOrKey` can be either a vertex object (`VO`) or a vertex ID
-   * (`VertexKey`).
-   * @returns The method is returning a boolean value.
-   */
-  deleteVertex(vertexOrKey: VO | VertexKey): boolean {
-    const vertexKey = this._getVertexKey(vertexOrKey);
-    return this._vertexMap.delete(vertexKey);
-  }
+  abstract deleteVertex(vertexOrKey: VO | VertexKey): boolean;
 
   /**
    * Time Complexity: O(K), where K is the number of vertexMap to be removed.
@@ -674,7 +664,6 @@ export abstract class AbstractGraph<
     getMinDist: boolean = false,
     genPaths: boolean = false
   ): DijkstraResult<VO> {
-
     let minDist = Infinity;
     let minDest: VO | undefined = undefined;
     let minPath: VO[] = [];
@@ -1182,7 +1171,10 @@ export abstract class AbstractGraph<
 
     const dfs = (vertex: VO, currentPath: VertexKey[], visited: Set<VO>) => {
       if (visited.has(vertex)) {
-        if ((!isInclude2Cycle && currentPath.length > 2 || isInclude2Cycle && currentPath.length >= 2) && currentPath[0] === vertex.key) {
+        if (
+          ((!isInclude2Cycle && currentPath.length > 2) || (isInclude2Cycle && currentPath.length >= 2)) &&
+          currentPath[0] === vertex.key
+        ) {
           cycles.push([...currentPath]);
         }
         return;
@@ -1207,18 +1199,16 @@ export abstract class AbstractGraph<
     const uniqueCycles = new Map<string, VertexKey[]>();
 
     for (const cycle of cycles) {
-      const sorted = [...cycle].sort().toString()
+      const sorted = [...cycle].sort().toString();
 
-      if (uniqueCycles.has(sorted)) continue
+      if (uniqueCycles.has(sorted)) continue;
       else {
-        uniqueCycles.set(sorted, cycle)
+        uniqueCycles.set(sorted, cycle);
       }
     }
 
     // Convert the unique cycles back to an array
-    return [...uniqueCycles].map(cycleString =>
-      cycleString[1]
-    );
+    return [...uniqueCycles].map(cycleString => cycleString[1]);
   }
 
   /**