devskill 2.0.2

package/skills/vue-best-practices/references/reactivity.md

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+---
+title: Reactivity Core Patterns (ref, reactive, shallowRef, computed, watch)
+impact: MEDIUM
+impactDescription: Clear reactivity choices keep state predictable and reduce unnecessary updates in Vue 3 apps
+type: efficiency
+tags: [vue3, reactivity, ref, reactive, shallowRef, computed, watch, watchEffect, external-state, best-practice]
+---
+
+# Reactivity Core Patterns (ref, reactive, shallowRef, computed, watch)
+
+**Impact: MEDIUM** - Choose the right reactive primitive first, derive with `computed`, and use watchers only for side effects.
+
+This reference covers the core reactivity decisions for local state, external data, derived values, and effects.
+
+## Task List
+
+- Declare reactive state correctly
+  - Always use `shallowRef()` instead of `ref()` for primitive values
+  - Choose the correct reactive declaration method for objects/arrays/map/set
+- Follow best practices for `reactive`
+  - Avoid destructuring from `reactive()` directly
+  - Watch correctly for `reactive`
+- Follow best practices for `computed`
+  - Prefer `computed` over watcher-assigned derived refs
+  - Keep filtered/sorted derivations out of templates
+  - Use `computed` for reusable class/style logic
+  - Keep computed getters pure (no side effects) and put side effects in watchers
+- Follow best practices for watchers
+  - Use `immediate: true` instead of duplicate initial calls
+  - Clean up async effects for watchers
+
+## Declare reactive state correctly
+
+### Always use `shallowRef()` instead of `ref()` for primitive values (string, number, boolean, null, etc.) for better performance.
+
+**Incorrect:**
+```ts
+import { ref } from 'vue'
+const count = ref(0)
+```
+
+**Correct:**
+```ts
+import { shallowRef } from 'vue'
+const count = shallowRef(0)
+```
+
+### Choose the correct reactive declaration method for objects/arrays/map/set
+
+Use `ref()` when you often **replace the entire value** (`state.value = newObj`) and still want deep reactivity inside it, usually used for:
+
+- Frequently reassigned state (replace fetched object/list, reset to defaults, switch presets).
+- Composable return values where updates happen mostly via `.value` reassignment.
+
+Use `reactive()` when you mainly **mutate properties** and full replacement is uncommon, usually used for:
+
+- “Single state object” patterns (stores/forms): `state.count++`, `state.items.push(...)`, `state.user.name = ...`.
+- Situations where you want to avoid `.value` and update nested fields in place.
+
+```ts
+import { reactive } from 'vue'
+
+const state = reactive({
+  count: 0,
+  user: { name: 'Alice', age: 30 }
+})
+
+state.count++ // ✅ reactive
+state.user.age = 31 // ✅ reactive
+// ❌ avoid replacing the reactive object reference:
+// state = reactive({ count: 1 })
+```
+
+Use `shallowRef()` when the value is **opaque / should not be proxied** (class instances, external library objects, very large nested data) and you only want updates to trigger when you **replace** `state.value` (no deep tracking), usually used for:
+
+- Storing external instances/handles (SDK clients, class instances) without Vue proxying internals.
+- Large data where you update by replacing the root reference (immutable-style updates).
+
+```ts
+import { shallowRef } from 'vue'
+
+const user = shallowRef({ name: 'Alice', age: 30 })
+
+user.value.age = 31 // ❌ not reactive
+user.value = { name: 'Bob', age: 25 } // ✅ triggers update
+```
+
+Use `shallowReactive()` when you want **only top-level properties** reactive; nested objects remain raw, usually used for:
+
+- Container objects where only top-level keys change and nested payloads should stay unmanaged/unproxied.
+- Mixed structures where Vue tracks the wrapper object, but not deeply nested or foreign objects.
+
+```ts
+import { shallowReactive } from 'vue'
+
+const state = shallowReactive({
+  count: 0,
+  user: { name: 'Alice', age: 30 }
+})
+
+state.count++ // ✅ reactive
+state.user.age = 31 // ❌ not reactive
+```
+
+## Best practices for `reactive`
+
+### Avoid destructuring from `reactive()` directly
+
+**BAD:**
+
+```ts
+import { reactive } from 'vue'
+
+const state = reactive({ count: 0 })
+const { count } = state // ❌ disconnected from reactivity
+```
+
+### Watch correctly for reactive
+
+**BAD:**
+
+passing a non-getter value into `watch()`
+
+```ts
+import { reactive, watch } from 'vue'
+
+const state = reactive({ count: 0 })
+
+// ❌ watch expects a getter, ref, reactive object, or array of these
+watch(state.count, () => { /* ... */ })
+```
+
+**GOOD:**
+
+preserve reactivity with `toRefs()` and use a getter for `watch()`
+
+```ts
+import { reactive, toRefs, watch } from 'vue'
+
+const state = reactive({ count: 0 })
+const { count } = toRefs(state) // ✅ count is a ref
+
+watch(count, () => { /* ... */ }) // ✅
+watch(() => state.count, () => { /* ... */ }) // ✅
+```
+
+## Best practices for `computed`
+
+### Prefer `computed` over watcher-assigned derived refs
+
+**BAD:**
+```ts
+import { ref, watchEffect } from 'vue'
+
+const items = ref([{ price: 10 }, { price: 20 }])
+const total = ref(0)
+
+watchEffect(() => {
+  total.value = items.value.reduce((sum, item) => sum + item.price, 0)
+})
+```
+
+**GOOD:**
+```ts
+import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
+
+const items = ref([{ price: 10 }, { price: 20 }])
+const total = computed(() =>
+  items.value.reduce((sum, item) => sum + item.price, 0)
+)
+```
+
+### Keep filtered/sorted derivations out of templates
+
+**BAD:**
+```vue
+<template>
+  <li v-for="item in items.filter(item => item.active)" :key="item.id">
+    {{ item.name }}
+  </li>
+
+  <li v-for="item in getSortedItems()" :key="item.id">
+    {{ item.name }}
+  </li>
+</template>
+
+<script setup>
+import { ref } from 'vue'
+
+const items = ref([
+  { id: 1, name: 'B', active: true },
+  { id: 2, name: 'A', active: false }
+])
+
+function getSortedItems() {
+  return [...items.value].sort((a, b) => a.name.localeCompare(b.name))
+}
+</script>
+```
+
+**GOOD:**
+```vue
+<script setup>
+import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
+
+const items = ref([
+  { id: 1, name: 'B', active: true },
+  { id: 2, name: 'A', active: false }
+])
+
+const visibleItems = computed(() =>
+  items.value
+    .filter(item => item.active)
+    .sort((a, b) => a.name.localeCompare(b.name))
+)
+</script>
+
+<template>
+  <li v-for="item in visibleItems" :key="item.id">
+    {{ item.name }}
+  </li>
+</template>
+```
+
+### Use `computed` for reusable class/style logic
+
+**BAD:**
+```vue
+<template>
+  <button :class="{ btn: true, 'btn-primary': type === 'primary' && !disabled, 'btn-disabled': disabled }">
+    {{ label }}
+  </button>
+</template>
+```
+
+**GOOD:**
+```vue
+<script setup>
+import { computed } from 'vue'
+
+const props = defineProps({
+  type: { type: String, default: 'primary' },
+  disabled: Boolean,
+  label: String
+})
+
+const buttonClasses = computed(() => ({
+  btn: true,
+  [`btn-${props.type}`]: !props.disabled,
+  'btn-disabled': props.disabled
+}))
+</script>
+
+<template>
+  <button :class="buttonClasses">
+    {{ label }}
+  </button>
+</template>
+```
+
+### Keep computed getters pure (no side effects) and put side effects in watchers instead
+
+A computed getter should only derive a value. No mutation, no API calls, no storage writes, no event emits.
+([Reference](https://vuejs.org/guide/essentials/computed.html#best-practices))
+
+**BAD:**
+
+side effects inside computed
+
+```ts
+const count = ref(0)
+
+const doubled = computed(() => {
+  // ❌ side effect
+  if (count.value > 10) console.warn('Too big!')
+  return count.value * 2
+})
+```
+
+**GOOD:**
+
+pure computed + `watch()` for side effects
+
+```ts
+const count = ref(0)
+const doubled = computed(() => count.value * 2)
+
+watch(count, (value) => {
+  if (value > 10) console.warn('Too big!')
+})
+```
+
+## Best practices for watchers
+
+### Use `immediate: true` instead of duplicate initial calls
+
+**BAD:**
+```ts
+import { ref, watch, onMounted } from 'vue'
+
+const userId = ref(1)
+
+function loadUser(id) {
+  // ...
+}
+
+onMounted(() => loadUser(userId.value))
+watch(userId, (id) => loadUser(id))
+```
+
+**GOOD:**
+```ts
+import { ref, watch } from 'vue'
+
+const userId = ref(1)
+
+watch(
+  userId,
+  (id) => loadUser(id),
+  { immediate: true }
+)
+```
+
+### Clean up async effects for watchers
+
+When reacting to rapid changes (search boxes, filters), cancel the previous request.
+
+**GOOD:**
+
+```ts
+const query = ref('')
+const results = ref<string[]>([])
+
+watch(query, async (q, _prev, onCleanup) => {
+  const controller = new AbortController()
+  onCleanup(() => controller.abort())
+
+  const res = await fetch(`/api/search?q=${encodeURIComponent(q)}`, {
+    signal: controller.signal,
+  })
+
+  results.value = await res.json()
+})
+```

package/skills/vue-best-practices/references/render-functions.md

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+---
+title: Render Function Patterns and Performance
+impact: MEDIUM
+impactDescription: Render functions require explicit patterns for lists, events, v-model, and performance to stay correct and maintainable
+type: best-practice
+tags: [vue3, render-function, h, v-model, directives, performance, jsx]
+---
+
+# Render Function Patterns and Performance
+
+**Impact: MEDIUM** - Render functions are powerful but opt out of template compiler optimizations. Use them intentionally and apply the key patterns below to keep output correct and performant.
+
+## Task List
+
+- Prefer templates; use render functions only when templates cannot express the logic
+- Always add stable keys when rendering lists with `h()`/JSX
+- Use `withModifiers` / `withKeys` for event modifiers
+- Implement `v-model` via `modelValue` + `onUpdate:modelValue`
+- Apply custom directives with `withDirectives`
+- Use functional components for stateless presentational UI
+
+## Prefer templates over render functions
+
+**BAD:**
+```vue
+<script setup>
+import { h, ref } from 'vue'
+
+const count = ref(0)
+const render = () => h('div', `Count: ${count.value}`)
+</script>
+```
+
+**GOOD:**
+```vue
+<script setup>
+import { ref } from 'vue'
+
+const count = ref(0)
+</script>
+
+<template>
+  <div>Count: {{ count }}</div>
+</template>
+```
+
+## Always add keys for list rendering
+
+**BAD:**
+```javascript
+import { h, ref } from 'vue'
+
+export default {
+  setup() {
+    const items = ref([{ id: 1, name: 'Apple' }])
+
+    return () => h('ul',
+      items.value.map(item => h('li', item.name))
+    )
+  }
+}
+```
+
+**GOOD:**
+```javascript
+import { h, ref } from 'vue'
+
+export default {
+  setup() {
+    const items = ref([{ id: 1, name: 'Apple' }])
+
+    return () => h('ul',
+      items.value.map(item => h('li', { key: item.id }, item.name))
+    )
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## Use `withModifiers` / `withKeys` for event modifiers
+
+**BAD:**
+```javascript
+import { h } from 'vue'
+
+export default {
+  setup() {
+    const handleClick = (e) => {
+      e.stopPropagation()
+      e.preventDefault()
+    }
+
+    return () => h('button', { onClick: handleClick }, 'Click')
+  }
+}
+```
+
+**GOOD:**
+```javascript
+import { h, withModifiers, withKeys } from 'vue'
+
+export default {
+  setup() {
+    const handleClick = () => {}
+    const handleEnter = () => {}
+
+    return () => h('div', [
+      h('button', {
+        onClick: withModifiers(handleClick, ['stop', 'prevent'])
+      }, 'Click'),
+      h('input', {
+        onKeyup: withKeys(handleEnter, ['enter'])
+      })
+    ])
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## Implement `v-model` explicitly
+
+**BAD:**
+```javascript
+import { h, ref } from 'vue'
+import CustomInput from './CustomInput.vue'
+
+export default {
+  setup() {
+    const text = ref('')
+    return () => h(CustomInput, { modelValue: text.value })
+  }
+}
+```
+
+**GOOD:**
+```javascript
+import { h, ref } from 'vue'
+import CustomInput from './CustomInput.vue'
+
+export default {
+  setup() {
+    const text = ref('')
+    return () => h(CustomInput, {
+      modelValue: text.value,
+      'onUpdate:modelValue': (value) => { text.value = value }
+    })
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## Use `withDirectives` for custom directives
+
+**BAD:**
+```javascript
+import { h } from 'vue'
+
+const vFocus = { mounted: (el) => el.focus() }
+
+export default {
+  setup() {
+    return () => h('input', { 'v-focus': true })
+  }
+}
+```
+
+**GOOD:**
+```javascript
+import { h, withDirectives } from 'vue'
+
+const vFocus = { mounted: (el) => el.focus() }
+
+export default {
+  setup() {
+    return () => withDirectives(h('input'), [[vFocus]])
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## Prefer functional components for stateless UI
+
+**BAD:**
+```javascript
+import { h } from 'vue'
+
+export default {
+  setup() {
+    return () => h('span', { class: 'badge' }, 'New')
+  }
+}
+```
+
+**GOOD:**
+```javascript
+import { h } from 'vue'
+
+function Badge(props, { slots }) {
+  return h('span', { class: 'badge' }, slots.default?.())
+}
+
+Badge.props = ['variant']
+
+export default Badge
+```